Abstract

The disclosure provides systems and methods for treating sleep-disordered breathing (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea) using a system comprising an inertial measurement unit (IMU) which includes an accelerometer and/or a gyroscope, wherein the IMU is configured to detect movement by a human subject and to generate data based on the detected movement. Positional and/or movement data generated by the IMU is used by a stimulation system to detect gross movement by the subject, and to deliver electrical stimulation to a nerve which innervates an pper airway muscle (e.g.. a hypoglossal nerve) in response to the detection of gross movement, in order to treat the subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/08 - Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

An electrode lead includes an elongate lead body and a nerve cuff. The nerve cuff may include a cuff body, with a front layer and a rear layer, affixed to the distal end of the lead body and a plurality of electrically conductive members located between the front and rear layers. Each of the electrically conductive member defines a front side, a rear side and an outer perimeter and may include a plurality of holes that extend from the front side to the rear side and that are located around the outer perimeter. The cuff body front layer includes a plurality of windows that are respectively aligned with and located inwardly of the outer perimeters of the electrically conductive members, and a plurality of window frames that extend from the windows to the outer perimeters of the electrically conductive members. The cuff body also includes a plurality of anchors that respectively extend through the electrically conductive member holes and connect the window frames to the cuff body rear layer.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode

Abstract

An electronic device, includes: a battery; a microcontroller configured to receive power from the battery along a first path comprising a first battery switch configured to change between an opened configuration and a closed configuration; and a receiver coil configured, in response to being positioned in a changing magnetic field, to generate an alternating electric current and to change, via the alternating electric current, the first battery switch from the opened configuration to the closed configuration.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• A61N 1/02 - Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor - Details
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• H02J 50/12 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type

Abstract

An implantable medical device and a method of deduplicating data collected by the implantable medical device are provided. The method includes storing data, captured by the implantable medical device, in a non-volatile memory device of the implantable medical device, assigning a unique number, generated from a random number generator or counter, to each data block of the data, and deduplicating the data by deleting at least one of two or more data blocks that are associated with the same unique number.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• G06F 3/06 - Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers

Abstract

A stimulation system configured to be implanted in a patient includes an implantable pulse generator (IPG) and an implantable lead system. The IPG includes a processor, a memory device, a power supply, and an inertial sensing unit configured to measure one or more physiological indicators of the patient. The implantable lead system includes at least one electrical lead coupled to the power supply and at least one electrode at a distal end of the electrical lead. The memory device includes instructions that cause the IPG to receive the physiological indicators within an initial range; increase the initial range to an enlarged range in response to the physiological indicators crossing a threshold maximum value or a threshold minimum value of the initial range; receive the physiological signals within the enlarged range, analyze the physiological indicators, and deliver stimulation to the patient through the electrode in response to the physiological indicators.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/365 - Heart stimulators controlled by a physiological parameter, e.g. by heart potential

Abstract

A method of forming a nerve cuff by combining a plurality of electrically conductive members with respective rear surfaces and grit blasted front surfaces with a nerve cuff body, which includes a respective plurality of windows, in such a manner that exposed portions of the grit blasted front surfaces are within the windows.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

A stimulation device includes a first transmitting coil and a drive circuit electrically coupled to the first transmitting coil and configured to drive the first transmitting coil. The first transmitting coil is configured, when the device is in proximity to a person's ear and the first transmitting coil is driven with a time-varying electric current providable by the drive circuit, to generate at least part of a magnetic field providing a time-varying magnetic flux across an auricular branch of a Vagus Nerve (ABVN) sufficient to activate the ABVN.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 2/00 - Magnetotherapy
• A61B 5/01 - Measuring temperature of body parts

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for a stimulation system. Various aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to the treatment of epilepsy, depression and/or other conditions in a subject using a nerve stimulator and, more particularly, to an effective and quicker titration method for selection of stimulation parameters of the nerve stimulator using biological markers that indicate potential therapeutic effects. Some aspects of the present disclosure may utilize a pupillometry sensor synchronized with the VNS stimulation system to compare pupil size of a subject with stimulation on and off and for obtaining filtered pupil response measurements after stimulating each electrode while modulating the stimulation parameters. Thus, aspects of the present disclosure allow for quicker titration of programmable stimulation parameters (e.g., stimulation pulse amplitude) to levels that cause a therapeutic result in a matter of minutes instead of months as compared to related VNS systems.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 3/00 - Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators

Abstract

The disclosure provides systems and methods for automatically titrating an electrical pulse amplitude for a patient-implanted VNS stimulator. One or more external sensors (e.g., EEG, EKG, EMG, auditory sensors, inertial motion sensors, etc.) can be applied to the patient to generate data relevant to an acceptable amplitude of the electrical pulse for a given cathode in a multi-cathode cuff. In one embodiment, the device may include a controller on the implanted VNS stimulator that receives data, e.g., using a wireless connection, from the external sensors and titrates upward the amplitude until an acceptable amplitude is determine that provides efficacy with minimal, if any, side effects.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• G16H 40/67 - ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices for remote operation
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons

Abstract

The disclosure provides systems and methods for system for vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), using a VNS stimulator implanted in a human subject and configured to transmit electrical stimulation pulses to a vagus nerve of the human subject; and at least one sensor configured to detect a predefined pattern of tactile input, a bodily gesture, and/or a voice command from the human subject, wherein the VNS stimulator includes a controller configured to modulate at least one stimulation parameter of the electrical stimulation pulses based at least in part on the tactile input, bodily gesture, and/or voice command from the human subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators

Abstract

A wireless power transfer device (10) includes a first transmitting coil (100) oriented along a first axis (100a) and including a first ferrite rod (120); a second transmitting coil (200) on the first transmitting coil (100), oriented along a second axis (200a) different from the first axis (100a), and including a second ferrite rod (220); and a nonmagnetic layer (300L) magnetically decoupling the first ferrite rod (120) from the second ferrite rod (220) in an area of overlap (300) between the first and second ferrite rods (120, 220), the first ferrite rod (120) and the nonmagnetic layer (300L) being fabricated utilizing additive manufacturing.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01F 38/14 - Inductive couplings
• H01F 41/02 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets
• H01F 3/08 - Cores, yokes or armatures made from powder
• H02J 50/12 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 70/00 - Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
• B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing

Abstract

An implantable medical device (IMD) charger apparatus may include an IMD charger including a housing defining a bottom surface, a primary coil located within the housing, and a fastener on the bottom surface of the housing, and a charger support, mounted on the IMD charger, including a bottom surface, and movable between a first state and a second state. The IMD charger and the charger support may be respectively configured such that the IMD charger fastener is above the charger support bottom surface when the charger support is in the first state and the IMD charger fastener is at or below the charger support bottom surface when the charger support is in the second state.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• H01F 27/00 - MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES - Details of transformers or inductances, in general
• A61N 1/378 - Electrical supply

Abstract

A wireless power transfer system includes a wireless power transfer device. The wireless power transfer device includes a first transmitting coil oriented along a first axis; a second transmitting coil on the first transmitting coil and oriented along a second axis different from the first axis; and a nonmagnetic material magnetically decoupling the first transmitting coil from the second transmitting coil in an area of overlap between the first and second transmitting coils.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 50/00 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
• H02J 50/40 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
• H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to devices, systems, and methods for detecting, monitoring, predicting, and/or treating medical conditions (e.g, epileptic seizures) using one or more sensors configured to collect biomarker data from a human subject (e.g, vagal tone and/or physiological or other biomarkers).

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 5/369 - Electroencephalography [EEG]
• A61B 5/389 - Electromyography [EMG]

Abstract

An electrode lead including an elongate lead body and a nerve cuff (or other nerve contact element) including an electrically insulative cuff body (or other contact body) affixed to the distal end of the lead body and at least one electrically conductive coil partially embedded in the cuff body (or other contact body) such that there are non-embedded portions, which together define a flexible coil contact that is associated with the front outer surface of the cuff body (or other contact body), and embedded portions.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

A wireless power transfer system includes a wireless power transfer device configured to determine a magnetic field, from among a plurality of directionally different potential magnetic fields that the wireless power transfer device is configured to generate, that has, at a receiver coil of an electronic device, a direction aligned with the receiver coil.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• H02J 50/00 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
• H02J 50/40 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
• H02J 50/70 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields

Abstract

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for monitoring and/or the sleep stage of an individual using one or more sensors, and methods of treating medical conditions related thereto (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea).

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 5/0205 - Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• A61B 5/024 - Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
• A61B 5/08 - Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing

Abstract

An electrode that includes an elongate lead body and a nerve cuff. The nerve cuff may include a biologically compatible, elastic, electrically insulative helical cuff body configured to be disposed around a nerve, and a plurality of electrically conductive contacts carried by the helical cuff body that are spaced from one another.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

The disclosure provides systems and methods for neuromodulation using a housing that at least partially contains a stimulator assembly, wherein the stimulator assembly is configured to generate vibration by mechanical oscillation and/or using a sound wave; and wherein the vibration generated by the stimulator assembly is configured to therapeutically treat the subject by stimulating one or more nerves when the housing is placed in proximity to or on a skin surface of a subject.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/00 - Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
• A61N 1/02 - Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor - Details
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/08 - Arrangements or circuits for monitoring, protecting, controlling or indicating

Abstract

An electrode that includes an elongate lead body and a nerve cuff. The nerve cuff may include a biologically compatible, elastic, electrically insulative cuff body configured to be circumferentially disposed around a nerve, first and second relatively wide electrically conductive contacts carried by the cuff body that are spaced from one another in the length direction and that extend in the width direction to such an extent that they extend completely around the cuff body inner lumen when the cuff body is in the pre-set furled shape, and a plurality of relatively narrow electrically conductive contacts carried by the cuff body that are spaced from one another in the width direction and are located between the first and second relatively wide electrically conductive contacts.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings

Abstract

22 levels, e.g., as feedback to control therapy and/or to titrate therapy on a periodic basis.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/024 - Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
• A61B 5/02 - Measuring pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure

Abstract

A method of multi-factor authentication includes receiving, by a first electronic device, a partial digital certificate including partial certificate information omitting at least one authentication factor from complete certificate information, and a signature encrypting a first hash of the complete certificate information with a certificate authority private key. The method also includes obtaining the first hash by decrypting, by the first electronic device, the signature with a certificate authority public key corresponding to the certificate authority private key; generating, by the first electronic device, a second hash based on the partial certificate information in the partial digital certificate and the at least one authentication factor; and comparing, by the first electronic device, the second hash to the first hash.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06F 21/31 - User authentication
• G06F 21/33 - User authentication using certificates
• G06F 21/34 - User authentication involving the use of external additional devices, e.g. dongles or smart cards
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04W 12/06 - Authentication
• H04W 12/069 - Authentication using certificates or pre-shared keys
• H04L 49/00 - Packet switching elements

Abstract

A multi-electrode ear shell includes an inner surface and an outer surface, the inner surface corresponding to a surface of an ear and being configured to overlap a cymba and a cavum of the ear. The multi-electrode ear shell further includes a first socket to receive a first stimulation electrode and a second socket to receive a second stimulation electrode.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/04 - Electrodes
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/362 - Heart stimulators

Abstract

A wireless power transfer system includes a wireless power transfer device. The wireless power transfer device includes a first transmitting coil oriented along a first axis; a second transmitting coil on the first transmitting coil and oriented along a second axis different from the first axis; and a nonmagnetic material magnetically decoupling the first transmitting coil from the second transmitting coil in an area of overlap between the first and second transmitting coils.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 50/00 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
• H02J 50/70 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields

Abstract

The disclosure provides systems and methods for treating obstructive sleep apnea using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) comprising an accelerometer and a gyroscope, wherein the IMU is configured to detect chest and/or abdominal movement by a patient during the inspiration and expiration stages of a respiratory cycle and to generate positional data based on the detected movement. Positional data generated by the IMU is used by an implanted stimulation system to determine when to deliver electrical stimulation to a nerve which innervates an upper airway muscle, such as the hypoglossal nerve, to treat sleep apnea.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61F 5/56 - Devices for preventing snoring
• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators

Abstract

The disclosure provides systems and methods for treating obstructive sleep apnea using an inertial measurement unit (IMU) comprising an accelerometer and a gyroscope, wherein the IMU is configured to detect chest and/or abdominal movement by a patient during the inspiration and expiration stages of a respiratory cycle and to generate positional data based on the detected movement. Positional data generated by the IMU is used by an implanted stimulation system to determine when to deliver electrical stimulation to a nerve which innervates an upper airway muscle, such as the hypoglossal nerve, to treat sleep apnea.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61N 1/00 - Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
• A61F 5/56 - Devices for preventing snoring

Abstract

An electrode that includes an elongate lead body and a nerve cuff. The nerve cuff may include a biologically compatible, elastic, electrically insulative cuff body configured to be circumferentially disposed around a nerve, first and second relatively wide electrically conductive contacts carried by the cuff body that are spaced from one another in the length direction and that extend in the width direction to such an extent that they extend completely around the cuff body inner lumen when the cuff body is in the pre-set furled shape, and a plurality of relatively narrow electrically conductive contacts carried by the cuff body that are spaced from one another in the width direction and are located between the first and second relatively wide electrically conductive contacts.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

The disclosure provides systems and methods for treating obstructive sleep apnea using an acoustic sensor configured to detect acoustic sounds generated by the heart and lungs. Sensory data from the acoustic sensor is used by an implanted stimulation system to determine when to deliver electrical stimulation to a nerve which innervates an upper airway muscle, such as the hypoglossal nerve, to treat sleep apnea.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing

Abstract

Systems for treating obstructive sleep apnea having an implanted stimulator with an internal sensor configured to generate sensory data corresponding to movement of the thoracic or abdominal cavity of a patient during respiration. The system includes a wireless communications link between the stimulator and at least one external sensor for sensing a patient's physiological parameter and is used to augment the sensory data from the internal sensor. The stimulator includes a stimulation system configured to deliver electrical stimulation to a nerve which innervates an upper airway muscle, such as the hypoglossal nerve to treat sleep apnea.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

Implantable infusion devices and methods that provide closed loop control.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 31/00 - Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 5/0205 - Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition

Abstract

Skin patch sensors for monitoring and/or affecting body parameters, with alignment, positioning and attachment using magnets. The repeated use of releasable adhesive layers to retain skin patch sensors on skin can cause skin irritation, which can be reduced by rotating a skin patch between attachment times around a magnetically coupled pivot point. Skin patch sensors can be configured with internal coils to inductively couple to external power transmitting and communications coils with solenoids in anti-Helmholtz configurations.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/04 - Measuring bioelectric signals of the body or parts thereof
• A61F 2/72 - Bioelectric control, e.g. myoelectric
• H02J 50/10 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61B 5/0488 - Electromyography

Abstract

An electrode lead comprises a lead body, connector contacts affixed to the proximal end of the lead body, and a cuff body affixed to the distal end of the lead body. The cuff body is pre-shaped to transition from an unfurled state to a furled state, wherein the cuff body, when in the furled state has an inner surface for contacting a nerve and an overlapping inner cuff region and an outer cuff region. The electrode lead further comprise electrode contacts circumferentially disposed along the cuff body when in the furled state, such that at least one of the electrode contacts is located on the inner surface of the cuff body, and at least another of the electrode contacts is located between the overlapping inner and outer cuff regions. The electrode lead further comprises electrical conductors extending through the lead body respectively between the connector contacts and the electrode contacts.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode

Abstract

A medical system and method of communicating between a telemetry controller and a plurality of medical devices implanted within a patient is provided. Communication links are respectively established between the telemetry controller and the implanted medical devices. The communication links are respectively amplitude modulated by the implanted medical devices at modulation levels using load modulation. Received signal strength indicators (RSSIs) of the amplitude modulated communication links for the implanted medical devices are measured. A variation of the RSSIs is decreased by modifying, based on the measured RSSIs, at least one modulation level at which the respective at least one communication link is amplitude modulated by the respective implanted medical device(s).

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 5/0488 - Electromyography
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• A61F 2/72 - Bioelectric control, e.g. myoelectric
• H04L 29/02 - Communication control; Communication processing

Abstract

A medical system and method of communicating between a telemetry controller and medical devices is provided. Coupling coefficients between a primary coil of the telemetry controller and secondary coils of the medical devices differ from each other. A primary carrier signal is applied to the primary coil, thereby respectively inducing secondary carrier signals on the secondary coils. An amplitude of the secondary carrier signal is measured on each of the secondary coils. The envelope of each secondary carrier signal is modulated in accordance with data, thereby inducing modulation of the envelope of the primary carrier signal for the implanted medical devices. The secondary carrier signal envelopes are modulated based on the measured amplitudes of the respective secondary carrier signals.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• H04L 27/02 - Amplitude-modulated carrier systems, e.g. using on/off keying; Single sideband or vestigial sideband modulation
• H04B 14/00 - Transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission

Abstract

An electrode lead comprises an electrically insulative cuff body and at least three axially aligned electrode contacts circumferentially disposed along the inner surface of the cuff body when in the furled state. The electrode contacts may be circumferentially disposed around a nerve, and an electrical pulse train may be delivered to the electrode contacts thereby stimulating the nerve to treat obstructive sleep apnea. The electrical pulse train may be one that pre-conditions peripherally located nerve fascicles to not be stimulated, while stimulating centrally located nerve fascicles. A feedback mechanism can be used to titrate electrode contacts and electrical pulse train to the patient. A sensor that is affixed to the case of a neurostimulator can be used to measure physiological artifacts of respiration, and a motion detector can be used to sense tapping of the neurostimulator to toggle the neurostimulator between an ON position and an OFF position.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode

Abstract

In accordance with the present invention, various embodiments of neurostimulators and stimulation systems are disclosed that provide different shapes and patterns of stimulus pulses and trains of pulses with fixed and no fixed frequencies. The neurostimulator can be configured to provide high frequency stimulation and also be implantable in the head or neck regions in order to stimulate nerves and nerve ganglions in the head and neck regions and also stimulate the brain.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode

Abstract

An electrode lead may comprise a flexible circuit that includes a planar dielectric substrate including an elongated lead substrate portion having opposing ends, an electrode carrying substrate portion disposed on one end of the lead substrate portion, and a connector substrate portion disposed on the other end of the lead substrate portion, wherein the lead substrate portion is pre-shaped into a three-dimensional structure. The flexible circuit may further include an electrically conductive trace extending from the connector substrate portion to the electrode carrying substrate portion, a first window formed in the connector substrate portion to expose the electrically conductive trace to form a connector pad, and a second window formed in the electrode carrying substrate portion to expose the electrically conductive trace to form an electrode pad. The electrode lead may further comprise a lead connector that incorporates the connector substrate portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
• A61B 5/0488 - Electromyography

Abstract

Pressure sensors having ring-tensioned membranes are disclosed. A tensioning ring is bonded to a membrane in a manner that results in the tensioning ring applying a tensile force to the membrane, flattening the membrane and reducing or eliminating defects that may have occurred during production. The membrane is bonded to the sensor housing at a point outside the tensioning ring, preventing the process of bonding the membrane to the housing from introducing defects into the tensioned portion of the membrane. A dielectric may be introduced into the gap between the membrane and the counter electrode in a capacitive pressure sensor, resulting in an improved dynamic range.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
• G01L 19/04 - Means for compensating for effects of changes of temperature
• G01L 19/14 - Housings
• G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa

Abstract

A medical device of a medical system is configured for communicating with an external programmer over a wireless communications link. The medical device comprises a wireless communications module configured for receiving a first unencrypted version of a random number and a first encrypted version of the random number from the external programmer over the wireless communications link. The medical device further comprises control circuitry configured for performing an authentication procedure on the external programmer based on the first unencrypted version of the random number and the first encrypted version of the random number, and preventing the external programmer from commanding the medical device to perform an action unless the authentication procedure is successful.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• H04L 29/08 - Transmission control procedure, e.g. data link level control procedure
• H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
• H04W 12/06 - Authentication
• G06F 21/62 - Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules

Abstract

An implantable pressure sensor device and devices incorporating an implantable pressure sensor are disclosed. The implantable pressure sensor may include a housing with a deflectable wall, and may be incorporated into a housing of an implantable medical device such as an implantable pulse generator. The pressure sensor may monitor respiration by measuring the deflection of the deflectable wall caused by expansion of the thoracic wail or ribcage.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons

Abstract

A medical monitoring system and method for monitoring a patient is provided. A sensor is implanted within the patient. A biomarker is detected via the implanted sensor within the patient. The detected biomarker is indicative of a neural respiratory drive (NRD) of the patient. An NRD index value is generated based on the detected biomarker.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons

Abstract

An upper airway stimulator for treating obstructive sleep apnea is described. In some embodiments, the upper airway stimulator monitors the phase difference between ribcage expansion and abdomen expansion to detect apneic events and stimulates to alleviate those events. In some embodiments, the upper airway stimulator applies primary stimulation when an apneic event is not detected and secondary stimulation when an apneic event is detected. In some embodiments, the upper airway stimulator applies primary stimulation when the patient is not in an apneic position and secondary stimulation when the patient is in an apneic position.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61B 5/113 - Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing

Abstract

An inductive wireless power transfer and communication system includes an electrostatic shield for one of the coils. The electrostatic shield is inductively coupled with the coil and is configured as an open circuit. A signal processing element or elements, especially a modulator or a demodulator, are connected across the electrical discontinuity in the electrostatic shield. Because the electrostatic shield is inductively coupled to the coil, the modulator or demodulator can operate on the signal on the coil. A variable impedance element is connected across the electrical discontinuity in the electrostatic shield. Because the electrostatic shield is inductively coupled to the coil, the variable impedance element can tune the impedance of the system.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 50/12 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
• H02J 50/80 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
• A61N 1/378 - Electrical supply
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators

Abstract

Described herein are monoliths for processing fluid samples, and methods of making and using such monoliths.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08F 220/06 - Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
• C08F 220/18 - Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
• C08F 220/20 - Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols
• C08F 220/32 - Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing epoxy radicals
• C08F 220/36 - Esters containing nitrogen containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
• C08F 220/58 - Amides containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen
• C08F 222/10 - Esters
• G01N 33/53 - Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor

Abstract

An interface for coupling with a percutaneously implantable lead is described. The interface includes a rotation based system to engage the terminal connector of the lead. The interface includes a brake which retains the lead in the lead port through friction, but allows the lead to exit the lead port if sufficient force is applied. The interface can be coupled with the lead without removing a stylet or stiffening wire from the lead.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
• H01R 4/50 - Clamped connections; Spring connections using a cam, wedge, cone or ball
• H01R 13/52 - Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
• H01R 13/639 - Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together after engagement
• H01R 31/06 - Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter
• H01R 24/58 - Contacts spaced along longitudinal axis of engagement
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers

Abstract

The various implementations described herein include a percutaneous port for promoting tissue in-growth around the percutaneous port. In one aspect, the percutaneous port includes a tubular structure having an outer surface, and a coil having an outer surface and comprised of a plurality of loops. Furthermore, at least a portion of the outer surface of the coil is joined to the outer surface of the tubular structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 39/02 - Access sites

Abstract

The various implementations described herein include methods used to manufacture a percutaneous port for promoting tissue in-growth around the percutaneous port. In one aspect, the method includes providing a tubular structure having an outer surface and providing a coil having an outer surface and comprised of a plurality of loops. The method further includes joining at least a portion of the outer surface of the coil to the outer surface of the tubular structure.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61M 39/02 - Access sites

Abstract

An inductive wireless power transfer and communication system includes an electrostatic shield for one of the coils. The electrostatic shield is inductively coupled with the coil and is configured as an open circuit. A signal processing element or elements, especially a modulator or a demodulator, are connected across the electrical discontinuity in the electrostatic shield. Because the electrostatic shield is inductively coupled to the coil, the modulator or demodulator can operate on the signal on the coil.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61F 2/30 - Joints
• A61N 1/37 - Monitoring; Protecting
• H02J 17/00 - Systems for supplying or distributing electric power by electromagnetic waves
• H04B 5/00 - Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive loop type
• H04B 5/02 - Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive loop type using transceiver

Abstract

A charger that evaluates the effectiveness of the charging field generated by the charger at an implantable device. The charger includes a charging coil, a communication module, and a processor. The processor can include instructions to determine the effectiveness of the charging field based on one or several signals or communications received from the implantable device. The charger can use the determination of the effectiveness of the charging field to vary the strength of the charging field and/or to prompt the user to move the charger with respect to the implantable device.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
• A61N 1/378 - Electrical supply
• H02J 5/00 - Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks

Abstract

A charger including a class E power driver, a frequency-shift keying ("FSK") module, and a processor. The processor can receive data relating to the operation of the class E power driver and can control the class E power driver based on the received data relating to the operation of the class E power driver. The processor can additionally control the FSK module to modulate the natural frequency of the class E power transformer to thereby allow the simultaneous recharging of an implantable device and the transmission of data to the implantable device. The processor can additionally compensate for propagation delays by adjusting switching times.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/378 - Electrical supply
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters

Abstract

Systems and devices for a high-efficiency magnetic link for implantable devices are disclosed herein. These devices can include a charging coil located in the implantable device and a charging coil located in a charge head of a charger. The charging coils can each include an elongate core and wire windings wrapped around a longitudinal axis of the elongate core. The charging coil of the charge head can be attached to a rotatable mount, which can be used to align the longitudinal axis of the charging coil of the charge head with longitudinal axis of the implantable device such that the axes of the charging coils are parallel.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/378 - Electrical supply
• H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters

Abstract

A multi-branch stimulation electrode is disclosed herein. The multi-branch stimulation electrode can include a plurality of branches that extend from a hub. The branches can each include one or several stimulation contacts that can deliver an electrical current to tissue contacting the stimulation contacts. The stimulation contacts can be electrically connected with the lead. The lead can extend from the hub and can be connected with the pulse generator. The branches can include features to facilitate implantation including, for example, one or several removable stiffening elements.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode

Abstract

Methods of making an implantable pulse generator are disclosed herein. The implantable pulse generator can include a body defining an internal volume and a plurality of wires extending from out of the internal volume of the body. Some of these wires can be connected, either directly or indirectly to a lead via a welded joint. The welded joint can be created by first resistance welding and then laser welding some of the wires to a connector.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/375 - Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings

Abstract

Systems, methods, and devices for wireless recharging of an implanted device. In response to receiving identification information from an implanted device, a charger can set an electrical field to a first field strength and receive first field strength information from the implanted device. The charger can then set the electrical field to a second field strength and receive second field strength information from the implanted device. This information relating to the first and second field strengths can be used to determine whether to recharge the implanted device.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/378 - Electrical supply

Abstract

A microfluidic flow rate sensor includes a droplet within a channel and a droplet movement detector that generates a signal based on the position and/or movement of the droplet within the channel. A processor determines the flow rate of a fluid through the channel based on the signal received from the droplet movement detector. In one example, the droplet movement detector is an optical detector, such as a combination of a lens and an image capturing device. In other examples, the droplet is electrically conductive, and at least a portion of the channel is conductive or includes electrical contacts. The position of the droplet within the channel is determined by observing the electrical characteristics of the channel.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01F 1/74 - Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid

Abstract

A multiple output current stimulator circuit with fast turn on time is described. At least one pair of input side and output side transistors is arranged in a current mirror connected to a supply transistor by cascode coupling. The output side transistor supplies stimulation current to an electrode in contact with tissue. An operational amplifier connected to a reference voltage and to the output side transistor drives the supply transistor to maintain the voltage at the output side transistor equal to the reference voltage. The at least one pair of transistors includes multiple pairs of transistors whose output side transistors drive respective electrodes with stimulation currents. The stimulator determines the initiation and duration of stimulation current pulses supplied to each electrode. At circuit activation, large currents are generated which discharge capacitances in the output side transistors causing rapid output side transistor turn on.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03K 3/012 - Modifications of generator to improve response time or to decrease power consumption
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• G05F 3/26 - Current mirrors
• H03K 17/00 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking
• H03K 17/042 - Modifications for accelerating switching by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit

Abstract

A successive approximation ADC made of a low voltage configurable differential amplifier and low voltage logic circuits which can convert a high voltage analog input to a digital equivalent. The differential amplifier can be configured as either an op amp or a comparator depending upon the mode of operation. An input capacitor C1 is switchably coupled to an electrode selected for voltage sampling. A switched capacitor array C2 is coupled across the differential amplifier input and output. A SAR coupled to the switched capacitor array provides a digital output corresponding to the sampled analog voltage. During a sampling interval and a charge transfer interval, the differential amplifier is configured as an op amp. During the transfer interval, the voltage on the input capacitor multiplied by the ratio C1/C2 is transferred to the switched capacitor array. During an analog to digital conversion interval, the ADC converts the analog voltage to an equivalent digital output.

IPC Classes  ?

• H03M 1/12 - Analogue/digital converters
• A61N 1/36 - Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation, e.g. heart pace-makers
• A61N 1/372 - Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
• H03M 1/46 - Analogue value compared with reference values sequentially only, e.g. successive approximation type with digital/analogue converter for supplying reference values to converter

Abstract

Methods and systems for biosensing are disclosed, based on microchannel surface plasmon resonance. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor (100) for detecting the presence of a target analyte in a fluid, comprising: a light source (105); a light transmissive substrate (112); a metal coating (114) of gold, silver or copper disposed on the substrate; a test SPR element formed in the metal coating, the test SPR element comprising: at least one test microchannel (122) in the metal coating, the at least one test microchannel having at least one aperture (124) for the passage of light from the light source through the substrate, the at least one test microchannel configured to sustain a test plasmon resonance wave, wherein the test plasmon resonance wave emits a test surface plasmon emission (SPE); and a first coating (126) in the test microchannel, the first coating comprising capture molecules selected to interact with the target analyte; a test detector (130) configured to detect the intensity of the light of the test channel (120)SPE in a predetermined wavelength band; and a reference SPR element formed in the substrate, the reference SPR element comprising: at least one reference microchannel (142) in the metal coating, the at least one reference microchannel having at least one aperture (144) for the passage of light from the light source through the substrate, the at least one reference microchannel configured to sustain a reference plasmon resonance wave, wherein the reference plasmon resonance wave emits a reference SPE, a reference detector (150) configured to detect the intensity of the light of the reference SPE in the predetermined wavelength band; and a controller (160) coupled to the test detector and the reference detector. The sensor can be implanted in a human body and can communicate and be powered wirelessly with an external coil placed in proximity to the implanted sensor or with a coil in an adhesive, external patch.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/55 - Specular reflectivity
• G01N 33/543 - Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals

Abstract

A fully integrated feedback controlled coil driver (500) is disclosed for inductive power transfer to electronic devices. For efficient power transfer, a voltage across a switch (516) that switchably couples the coil (512) between a DC input power source (501) and ground is sampled and compared with a preselected reference voltage (536) to generate an error voltage (542). The error voltage (542) is integrated over time and compared to a voltage ramp (554). The value of the integrated error voltage relative to the voltage ramp is used to obtain an optimal on time for the switch (516) such that coil current is maximized for a given DC input power.

IPC Classes  ?

• H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
• H02J 5/00 - Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks

Abstract

A hermetically sealed biocompatible pressure sensor module configured for implant at a desired site at which a pressure is to be measured. Anodic bonding of the pressure module package components which have similar thermal coefficients of expansion provides low stress bonding and maintains long term reliability, dependability and accuracy. The pressure sensor module includes a pressure sensitive membrane which is in direct contact with the environment at which a pressure is to be measured. The pressure sensor module forms a part of a pressure measuring system which uses a telemetry link between the pressure sensor module and an external controller for data transmission and transfer. Operating power for the pressure sensor module is provided by the external controller and an internal re¬ chargeable energy storage component. Accordingly, the pressure measuring system provides a dual stage power and data transfer capability for use with an implantable system. An exemplary use of the pressure sensor module is in a three pressure sensor system including a flow control valve in a shunt to treat hydrocephalus. The use of integrated circuit chips and an internal coil with an optional ferrite core in the pressure sensor module provides for low power consumption and reliable signal processing. An embodiment of the invention includes a pressure sensor and associated electromagnetic coils embedded in the tip portion of the shunt for measuring the pressure of fluid externally of the shunt at the tip portion.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 5/03 - Measuring fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure
• A61M 27/00 - Drainage appliances for wounds, or the like

Abstract

A system and method for improving the processing of communications signals received in the presence of narrowband interference signals. The received communications signals are time sampled and transformed into a series of spectral terms in the frequency domain that are then evaluated to identify narrowband interference signals. The identified narrowband interference terms can be calculated to a value that will optimize the corrupted spectral terms resulting from the communication, and an inverse transformation can be used to generate a time domain signal that is free from interference.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 1/12 - Neutralising, balancing, or compensation arrangements
• H04B 1/10 - Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference

Abstract

An object locator system utilizes a microtransponder (12) that is used in association with an object to be located. A remote locator (10) transmits an encoded signal in which is embedded an identification code associated with the object to be located. The microtransponder (12) receives the encoded transmitted signal and processes such signal utilizing fast fourier transform techniques. The microtransponder (12) correlates the transformed received signal with a fast fourier transformed version of an identification code associated with the microtransponder (12) and upon detection of a correlation, transmits an acknowledgement signal to the remote locator (10). The remote locator (10) determines the distance to the microtransponder (12) based upon the round trip time from transmission of the coded signal to the microtransponder (12) to the receipt of the acknowledgement signal.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 25/00 - Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
• G05B 19/00 - Programme-control systems
• G05B 23/00 - Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
• G06F 7/00 - Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
• G06F 7/04 - Identity comparison, i.e. for like or unlike values
• G08B 29/00 - Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
• G08C 19/00 - Electric signal transmission systems
• H04B 1/00 - TRANSMISSION - Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
• H04B 3/00 - Line transmission systems

Abstract

The device includes a first antenna (ANT1) that is coupled to a first transmit/receive switch (SW1), which is in turn coupled to a first transmitter (TXTR1) and a first receiver (RCVR1) in response to a first control signal (TX1/RX1N). A second receiver (RCVR2) is coupled to a second antenna (ANT2) via a band-limiting filter (BPF2). Similarly, a third receiver (RCVR3) is coupled to a third antenna (ANT3) via a band-limiting filter (BPF3).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/76 - Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted
• G01S 13/78 - Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted discriminating between different kinds of targets, e.g. IFF-radar, i.e. identification of friend or foe
• G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified

Abstract

A system and method that provide a prophylactic treatment to a person, e.g., a patient, to avoid the occurrence of pulmonary embolisms by the system providing neuromuscular stimulation to a person’s lower extremities, e.g., the person’s legs, when the system senses that a person has been immobile for an extended period of time. An implantable neuromuscular pacer, such as that described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,193,539; 5,193,540; 6,164,284; 6,185,452; 6,208,894; 6,315,721; 6,564,807; and their progeny, may be used to provide to selectively provide such stimulation. Preferably, such a device may be battery powered so that it can operate independent of an external apparatus. In particular, systems and devices of the present invention preferably additionally include an activity monitor, e.g., an accelerometer or the like, that disables or limits stimulation to pronged time periods in which there is limited activity.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/08 - Arrangements or circuits for monitoring, protecting, controlling or indicating

Abstract

A system and method that provides adjustable diaphragmatic pacing to a patient having an associated neurological deficit with adjustments occurring automatically in response to the patient’s physiological need. In a first implementation, physiological need is determined according to the patient’s activity level, e.g., as determined by the patient’s motion as detected by one or more accelerometers. In a second implementation, physiological need is determined by an oximeter measuring the current oxygen level of the patient’s blood. In a third implementation, physiological need is determined by a combination of the first and second implementation according to sensed motion and sensed oxygen level. Preferably, systems of the present invention are implantable and powered by rechargeable batteries and may be integrated with a system of implantable devices that restores motor functions to an injured patient and this restoration then requires an adjustable respiration rate in response to the patient’s restored movements.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61N 1/05 - Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode