The invention relates to a burner assembly (100) comprising at least two gas supply lines (1, 2) for supplying at least two different gases, a gas mixture supply line assembly (11), in which the mixture of the at least two different gases is passed on and fed to at least one burner head (20) in which the mixture is combusted, wherein the gas mixture supply line assembly (11) and/or at least one of the gas supply lines has at least one flexible metal tube (1, 2, 13, 16, 19, 21).
B23K 37/00 - Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
The invention relates to a method for the synthesis of ammonia, in which a fresh gas (5) consisting largely of hydrogen and nitrogen is compressed via a compressor (C) (fresh-gas compressor) and subsequently fed to an ammonia converter (K) for conversion into a converter product (26) containing ammonia and comprising hydrogen and nitrogen, wherein, upstream of the fresh-gas compressor (C), ammonia (6) is evaporated into the fresh gas (5) in order to cool the fresh gas and to produce a cold substance mixture (9) comprising ammonia and the fresh gas, said substance mixture being heated in a heat exchanger (circuit cooler) (E2) against at least one process stream (10) to be cooled of the ammonia synthesis process, and subsequently compressed via the fresh-gas compressor (C), in order to obtain a compressed substance mixture (18) comprising ammonia and the fresh gas. A characterizing feature here is that, upstream of the circuit cooler (E2), a gas mixture (8) consisting largely of hydrogen and nitrogen is fed to a substance stream (7) comprising the fresh gas, the constituents of which gas mixture are separated from the converter product (26) and/or from the compressed substance mixture (18) comprising ammonia and the fresh gas.
The present invention relates to a process (100, 200) for obtaining pure helium using a first membrane separation stage (1), a second membrane separation stage (2) and a third membrane separation stage (3), where the first membrane separation stage (1) is supplied with a first helium-containing feed mixture, the second membrane separation stage (2) with a second helium-containing feed mixture and the third membrane separation stage (3) with a third helium-containing feed mixture, and where a first permeate and a first retentate are formed in the first membrane separation stage (1), a second permeate and a second retentate in the second membrane separation stage (2) and a third permeate and a third retentate in the third membrane separation stage (3). What is envisaged is that the first feed mixture is formed using at least part of a helium-containing starting mixture, that the second feed mixture is formed using at least part of the first permeate, that the third feed mixture is formed using at least part of the second permeate, that the third permeate is at least partly processed by pressure swing adsorption to obtain the pure helium and a residual mixture, and that at least some of the residual mixture is used in the formation of the second or third feed mixture. A corresponding plant likewise forms part of the subject matter of the invention.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
4.
PROCESS AND PLANT FOR FORMATION AND FOR CATALYTIC CONVERSION OF A REACTANT MIXTURE - EMBODIMENT OF THE REACTOR
A process for forming and for catalytically converting an ignitable gas mixture is proposed, in which at least a first gas or gas mixture comprising oxygen and a second gas or gas mixture comprising one or more oxidizable compounds are mixed to give the ignitable gas mixture, where the ignitable gas mixture is supplied to a reaction zone (12) of a reactor (1). The first gas or gas mixture and the second gas or gas mixture are fed into a mixing chamber (11) having a boundary wall (13) provided with a number of passages (131), where the first gas or gas mixture is fed into the mixing chamber (11) through the passages (131) in the boundary wall (13) and where the second gas or gas mixture is fed into the mixing chamber (11) by means of one or more feed conduits (14) which have feed orifices (141) and extend into the mixing chamber (11). The present invention likewise provides a corresponding reactor (1).
A process of stimulating hydrocarbon recovery is described and claimed. This process includes introducing a gas, a liquified gas or a vaporized liquified gas, into an underground formation containing hydrocarbons such as crude oil and gas, permitting said gas to be absorbed by said hydrocarbons, and withdrawing said hydrocarbons containing the gas therein, wherein a pill of Hydrocarbon Recovery Fluid comprising surface functionalized nanoparticles is inserted into the underground formation containing hydrocarbons before, during or after the introduction of the gas, liquified gas or a vaporized liquified gas.
The invention relates to a method for producing ethylene, in which a process gas is formed using a dehydrogenation of ethane and contains at least ethane, ethylene and compounds having a lower boiling point than ethane and ethylene, and in which a separation insert is formed using at least part of the process gas and is subjected to a low-temperature separation (6), in which the separation insert is cooled and in which one or more condensates is/are separated from the separation insert, the one or more condensates being subjected to a low-temperature rectification so as to obtain a gaseous first fraction and a liquid second fraction, the gaseous first fraction containing at least the ethane and the ethylene in a lower proportion than in the separation insert and containing the compounds having a lower boiling point than ethane and ethylene in a higher proportion than in the separation insert. The first fraction is subjected at least in part to a pressure-change adsorption (7), by means of which a third fraction containing predominantly or exclusively ethylene and ethane and a fourth fraction containing predominantly or exclusively methane and carbon monoxide are formed. The present invention also relates to a corresponding plant (100).
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 7/00 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
Systems and methods for enhanced or improved oil recovery includes injecting a Y-Grade NGL enhanced oil recovery fluid through an injection well 200 into a hydrocarbon bearing reservoir 250 to mobilize and displace hydrocarbons. The Y-Grade NGL enhanced oil recovery fluid comprises an unfractionated hydrocarbon mixture. Simultaneously and/or subsequently, a mobility control fluid is injected into the hydrocarbon bearing formation. Hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir are produced through a production well 210 or the same injection well.
E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
C09K 8/58 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
C09K 8/584 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
C09K 8/588 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
C09K 8/594 - Compositions used in combination with injected gas
A food freezer includes: a first housing having a first chamber arranged internally within for providing a freezing gas to a food product within the first chamber; a second housing having a second chamber arranged internally within and being in fluid communication with the first chamber for exhausting the freezing gas from the first chamber; an adjustable opening disposed at a common wall between the first chamber and the second chamber for controlling a flow of the freezing gas moving from the first chamber to the second chamber, the adjustable opening disposed to provide a flow path for the flow of the freezing gas to a region of the second chamber for exhaust from said second chamber to an area external to the first housing and second housing; and a pressure curtain comprising the exhaust and disposed at the second chamber to prevent atmosphere from the area external to the first housing and second housing from entering said housings. A related method of exhausting freezing gas is also provided.
F25D 13/06 - Stationary devices associated with refrigerating machinery, e.g. cold rooms with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
A23L 3/375 - Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid N2, at cryogenic temperature
F25D 3/11 - Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
F25D 17/04 - Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating gas, e.g. by natural convection
9.
UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIR ENHANCED OR IMPROVED OIL RECOVERY
A method of enhanced oil recovery from an unconventional resource reservoir (685) comprises injecting an enhanced recovery fluid into the unconventional resource reservoir via an injection well (665) and producing hydrocarbons from the unconventional resource reservoir via the injection well or a production well offset from the injection well.
E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
C09K 8/58 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
C09K 8/584 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
C09K 8/588 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
C09K 8/594 - Compositions used in combination with injected gas
10.
UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVOIR ENHANCED OR IMPROVED OIL RECOVERY
A method of enhanced oil recovery from an unconventional resource reservoir (685) comprises injecting an enhanced recovery fluid into the unconventional resource reservoir via an injection well (665) and producing hydrocarbons from the unconventional resource reservoir via the injection well or a production well offset from the injection well.
The present invention relates to a method for determining a number of mechanical stresses (304) prevailing at different first locations in a material of a process engineering apparatus (1), wherein the number of mechanical stresses (304) prevailing at the different first locations in the material of the process engineering apparatus (1) is determined from a number of temperatures (301) prevailing at different second locations in the material of the process engineering apparatus using an empirical model (M3), the empirical model (M3) being trained by means of training data (207'), which are derived using a thermos-hydraulic process Simulation model (M1) and a structural- mechanical model (M2) of the process engineering apparatus (1).
The invention relates to a method (100) for separating a starting mixture which largely contains hydrogen, methane, and hydrocarbons with two or two and more carbon atoms, wherein at least one part of the starting mixture is cooled, thereby forming one or more condensates, using one or more heat exchangers (101, 103, 105, 107), and at least one part of the condensate(s) undergoes a rectification process, thereby forming a gaseous methane-enriched fraction. The gaseous methane-enriched fraction is at least partly used to form a first fluid flow which is condensed to a liquefaction pressure level of 35 to 45 bar in the composition which is unchanged relative to the gaseous methane-enriched fraction and is at least partly liquefied by means of a cooling process, and the first fluid flow or a second fluid flow which is formed using the first fluid flow is expanded to a discharge pressure level and is heated in the heat exchanger or at least one of the heat exchangers (101, 103, 105, 107). The invention likewise relates to a corresponding system.
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
C01B 3/00 - Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
13.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ACQUIRING A REMAINING SERVICE LIFE OF A PROCESS-ENGINEERING APPARATUS THROUGH WHICH A FLUID FLOWS
The invention relates to a method for determining a remaining service life of a process device (1) through which fluid flows and which is designed as a heat exchanger or as a column or as a container for phase separation, wherein a computer unit (20) is attached to the device (1) and wherein the computer unit (20) is coupled to a remote computer unit in a data-transmitting manner, wherein measurement values of a temperature are obtained by means of multiple sensors (10) arranged in or on the device (1), a mechanical tension is determined from the measurement values of the temperature as a variable that cannot be directly measured and the remaining service life is determined from the mechanical tension as a further variable that cannot be measured, wherein the mechanical tension is determined by means of the computer unit (20), the mechanical tension and/or the measurement values of the temperature are transmitted to the remote computer unit and the remaining service life is determined there, or wherein the measurement values of the temperature are transmitted to the remote computer unit and the mechanical tension and the remaining service life are determined there.
A method for heating a furnace (40) used for metal processing by combusting a fuel in the furnace (40) by supplying an oxidizing gas through an oxidizing gas supply line (20) into the furnace (40) and by supplying a fuel through a fuel supply line (30) into the furnace (40), wherein the oxidizing gas is supplied in form of a central oxidizing gas flow (24) together with a first shroud gas flow (25), and/or the fuel is supplied in form of a central fuel flow (34) together with a second shroud gas flow (35), and to a corresponding burner (10).
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
C21D 1/76 - Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
F23D 11/36 - Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space - Details
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
F23D 14/46 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid - Details
15.
HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD FOR OPERATING A HEAT EXCHANGER
Heat exchanger comprising a shell member (110) defining a shell space (112) and a tube bundle (104), arranged within the shell space (112), for conveying a first heat transfer medium between a first inlet nozzle (132) and a first outlet nozzle(134), the shell space (112) being adapted to convey a second heat transfer medium between a second inlet port (114) and a second outlet port (116), the shell space (112) comprising an inner region (112a) adapted to provide free flow of the second heat transfer medium during a first and a second mode of operation, and an outer region (112b), adapted to prevent free flow of the second heat transfer medium during the first mode of operation and to provide free flow of the second heat transfer medium during the second mode of operation in order to fasten cool down or warm up.
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
F28F 13/08 - Arrangements for modifying heat transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
F28F 27/02 - Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
The present invention relates to a method for partial reduction of SO2, wherein a SO2 stream, an oxidant and a gaseous fuel are fed to a burner and reacted in a flame reaction. The burner comprises at least one supply opening for the SO2 stream, at least one supply opening for the oxidant and at least one supply opening for the gaseous fuel, and a burner head (1) with first injection sets (7, 8) and second injection sets (9). First injection sets (7, 8) are arranged in a first section (4) of the burner head (1), and second injection sets (9) are arranged in a second section (5) of the burner head (1). The stoichiometric ratio of SO2, fuel and oxidant supplied through the first injection sets (7, 8) is different from the stoichiometric ratio of SO2, fuel and oxidant supplied through the second injection sets (9).
F23D 14/22 - Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
C01B 17/04 - Preparation of sulfur; Purification from gaseous sulfur compounds including gaseous sulfides
A process (100) is proposed for producing ethylene by subjecting ethane in a reaction feed to partial catalytic conversion by oxidative dehydrogenation (1) in the presence of oxygen to give a gaseous first mixture of components that comprises at least ethane, ethylene, acetic acid and water. In this process, at least a portion of the gaseous first mixture of components is scrubbed with a scrubbing liquid to give a liquid second mixture of components, that comprises water and acetic acid; a first fraction of the second mixture of components is used to form the scrubbing liquid; a second fraction of the second mixture of components is subjected to solvent extraction to give a liquid third mixture of components, that comprises at least one organic solvent and acetic acid; and at least a portion of the liquid third mixture of components is heated and distilled to give a liquid containing predominantly or exclusively acetic acid. The heating of the third mixture of components or of its distilled portion is performed at least partly in heat exchange with the first mixture of components and/or with the first and/or with the second fraction of the second mixture of components. The present invention also relates to a corresponding plant.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 51/215 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of saturated hydrocarbyl groups
C07C 51/44 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
C07C 51/48 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by liquid-liquid treatment
The invention relates to a method for producing ethylene and acetic acid, wherein a reaction mixture flow containing ethane and oxygen is formed and a portion of the ethane and the oxygen is reacted in the reaction mixture flow via oxidative dehydrogenation to form the ethylene and the acetic acid, with the production of a process gas, wherein the process gas contains the unreacted portion of the ethane and the oxygen, the ethylene and the acetic acid, as well as water. According to the invention, the method involves adjusting a partial pressure of the water in the process gas to a value in a range between 0.7 and 5 bar (abs.) according to a predefined product ratio of the acetic acid to the ethylene. The invention also relates to a corresponding system (100).
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 51/215 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of saturated hydrocarbyl groups
A process for producing ethylene is proposed in which an ethane- and oxygen-containing reaction feed is formed and a portion of the ethane and of the oxygen in the reaction feed is converted to ethylene and to acetic acid by oxidative dehydrogenation to obtain a process gas, wherein the process gas contains the unconverted portion of the ethane and of the oxygen, the ethylene and the acetic acid and also water and wherein the process gas is subjected to a water quench. What is envisaged is that the water quench comprises introducing the process gas into a scrubbing column (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) into which in at least two different column portions respective aqueous, liquid scrubbing medium streams are introduced and run in countercurrent to the process gas. A corresponding plant (100) likewise forms part of the subject matter of the invention.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
A reconfigurable freezer includes a housing having an internal space therein, and first and second openings each in communication with said internal space; and an infeed assembly and an outfeed assembly, the infeed assembly constructed to be removably mounted to the housing at one of the first and second openings for being in communication with said internal space, and the outfeed assembly constructed to be removably mounted to another of the first and second openings for being in communication with said internal space, wherein the infeed and outfeed assemblies are interchangeable at the first and second openings.
F25D 13/06 - Stationary devices associated with refrigerating machinery, e.g. cold rooms with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
B65G 21/18 - Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors for conveyors having endless load-carriers movable in curved paths in three-dimensionally curved paths
F25D 3/11 - Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
F25D 25/04 - Charging, supporting, or discharging the articles to be cooled by conveyors
Method and plant for producing an olefin The invention relates to a method for producing an olefin, in which method a reaction feedstock stream is formed that contains at least one paraffin, oxygen and water, and in which part of the paraffin and of the oxygen is converted into the olefin in the reaction feedstock stream, wherein a process gas is obtained through oxidative dehydrogenation using a catalyst, wherein the process gas contains at least the non-converted part of the paraffin and of the oxygen, the olefin and the water from the reaction feedstock stream. According to the invention, at least one characteristic value is determined that displays an activity of the catalyst, and an amount of water in the reaction feedstock stream is set based on the at least one determined characteristic value. The invention also relates to a corresponding plant (100).
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
Proposed is a process for producing an olefin having N carbon atoms in which using a dehydrogenation a process gas containing at least the olefin having N carbon atoms, a paraffin having N carbon atoms and a hydrocarbon having N - 1 carbon atoms is formed and in which using at least a portion of the process gas a separation input is formed which is subjected to a low-temperature separation in which the separation input is cooled stepwise over a plurality of temperature levels and condensates are separated from the separation input, wherein the condensates are at least partly subjected to a first low-temperature rectification to obtain a first gas fraction and a first liquid fraction, wherein the first gas fraction contains at least the olefin having N carbon atoms in a lower proportion than in the condensates and the hydrocarbon having N-1 carbon atoms in a higher proportion than in the condensates. It is provided that the first gas fraction is at least partly subjected to a second low-temperature rectification using a liquid reflux containing predominantly or exclusively the hydrocarbon having N-1 carbon atoms in which the first gas fraction is depleted in the olefin having N carbon atoms. The present invention also relates to a corresponding plant (100).
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
23.
METHOD OF CLEANING A WORKPIECE AFTER A THERMAL JOINING PROCESS WITH CATHODIC CLEANING; CLEANING DEVICE AND PROCESSING GAS
A method of cleaning a workpiece (6, 8, 9) after a welding process is provided, wherein the cleaning is conducted by removing oxide from the surface of the workpiece (6, 8, 9) which is formed on the weld (8) and the heat-affected zone (9) of the workpiece (6) during the previous welding process, wherein an electric arc is generated between the workpiece (6, 8, 9) and a non-consumable electrode (2) to remove the oxide on the workpiece (6, 8, 9), wherein a power source (7) is provided to electrically communicate the workpiece (6, 8, 9) and the non-consumable electrode (2) and wherein the non- consumable electrode (2) is anodic connected and the workpiece (6, 8, 9) is cathodic connected.
The invention relates to a method for producing one or more olefins, wherein a reaction mixture is formed, containing one or more paraffins, and wherein a portion of the paraffin/s contained in the reaction mixture is converted into the olefin/s via oxidative dehydration with the formation of a process gas, wherein the process gas contains at least the olefin/s, the unreacted paraffin/s, oxygen and carbon monoxide, and wherein at least one portion of the process gas is subjected to a cryogenic separation, in which one or more gas fractions are formed, which are enriched with oxygen and carbon monoxide in relation to the process gas, at an operating pressure level. According to the invention, in the cryogenic separation, with the formation and/or for the conveying of the gas fractions, or at least one of the gas fractions, one or more containers and/or one or more lines are used having a bursting pressure corresponding to at least ten times the operating pressure level, and the container, or at least one of the containers, is connected to one or more heat exchangers via the lines, or at least one of the lines, wherein a total length of the line, or the at least one line, between the container, or the at least one container, and the heat exchanger/s is max. fifty times its internal diameter. The invention also relates to a corresponding system (100).
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
The regulator assembly has a first stage regulator with a first inlet for receiving high pressure gas from the cylinder. A first regulator element reduces the pressure of the gas which exits the first stage regulator via a first outlet at a regulated pressure. A second stage regulator is provided with a second inlet for receiving the gas at the regulated pressure, and a second regulator element further reduces the pressure of the gas which exits the second stage regulator via a second outlet at an outlet pressure which is lower than the regulated pressure. A pilot regulator receives gas at the regulated pressure from the first stage regulator. The pilot regulator is controlled by an actuator to set a pilot pressure which is communicated to the second stage regulator to set the outlet pressure delivered by the second stage regulator.
F17C 13/00 - VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
The invention relates to a method for controlling a concentration of dissolved oxygen in a volume (V) of water (W), wherein a device (1) for dissolving oxygen in water (W) is submerged in said volume (V) of water, wherein oxygen is injected by the device (1) with an adjustable flow rate into a main water stream (W') sucked into a housing (100) of the device (1), and wherein the oxygen enriched main water stream (W') is discharged by the device (1) out of the housing (100) of the device (1) into said volume (V) of water (W), and wherein a current concentration of oxygen dissolved in the sucked main water stream (W') is measured with an oxygen probe (6) that is integrated into the housing (100) of the device (1), wherein said current concentration of dissolved oxygen is transmitted in a wireless fashion to a hand-held device (9) of an operator, and wherein the flow rate of the injected oxygen is controlled such that the measured current concentration of dissolved oxygen approaches a pre-defined reference value.
The invention relates to a method for operating a gas scrubber (G) in which components are removed from a crude gas (2) by scrubbing with a chemical or physical scrubbing medium (3) to obtain a pure gas (4) present at elevated pressure which, after heating (E3), is introduced into an expansion machine (T) which after work-performing decompression the pure gas (15) leaves at an exit temperature. Characteristic here is that the amount of heat supplied to the pure gas (4) during heating thereof (E3) is deliberately altered to approximate the exit temperature thereof to a predetermined target value at all times.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
28.
A METHOD AND A PLANT FOR THE RECOVERY OF A SEPARATION PRODUCT CONTAINING PREDOMINANTLY HYDROCARBONS WITH TWO CARBON ATOMS
The invention describes a method for recovering a product rich in two-carbon atom hydrocarbons using a gaseous mixture mainly containing methane, hydrogen, and two-carbon atom hydrocarbons. The process involves cooling the mixture at a first pressure level from one temperature to another, creating a liquid and a gaseous fraction. Further cooling of the gaseous fraction yields a second set of liquid and gaseous fractions. Part of this second gaseous fraction undergoes contraflow absorption with a methane-rich liquid, producing a third set of liquid and gaseous fractions. These liquid fractions are combined and undergo low-temperature rectification, resulting in a sump liquid and overhead gas. The overhead gas is then partially cooled to form a fourth set of liquid and gaseous fractions, and the methane-rich absorption liquid is created by cooling part of this fourth gaseous fraction. The invention also includes a corresponding plant design for this process.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
C07C 7/11 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
A gas cylinder monitoring system (10) comprising a gas cylinder (15) for receiving and distributing gas contained therein, a first monitoring system (16) associated with the gas cylinder operable to monitor data associated with the gas cylinder (15) and having a transmitter (22) operable to broadcast the data at a controlled time and/or time interval in a discrete advertisement package (AP), and a second monitoring system (18a-f) associated with one or more locations (A-F) in which the first monitoring system (16) may reside and having a receiver (19) operable in a first mode to receive the advertisement package broadcast from the first monitoring system (16) when the second monitoring system (18) is within range of the first monitoring system (16).
F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
G06Q 10/0832 - Special goods or special handling procedures, e.g. handling of hazardous or fragile goods
B65D 47/02 - Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices for initially filling and for preventing subsequent refilling
H04W 4/80 - Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
A61M 16/00 - Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
A gas pressure regulator comprises a high pressure inlet and a regulator mechanism which is arranged to receive high pressure gas via the high pressure inlet, and deliver gas at a regulated pressure to a regulated pressure outlet. The regulator comprises a regulator element and a rotatable member that rotates to move the regulator element, thereby adjusting the regulated pressure. A gauge arranged to receive high pressure gas and display a measured reading of the pressure of the high pressure gas is also provided along with a regulated pressure indicator which is arranged to display a regulated pressure value related to the degree of rotation of the rotary mechanism. The regulator mechanism has a gear chain between the rotatable member and the indicator so that it requires multiple rotations of the rotatable member to move the regulator element through its full range of movement.
The invention relates to a method of obtaining helium from a helium-containing feed gas (2), comprising the following steps: feeding (ST1) the helium-containing feed gas (2) to a prepurifying unit (3), with removal of undesirable components from the helium-containing feed gas (2) in a pressure swing adsorption process with the aid of the prepurifying unit (3), in order to obtain a prepurified feed gas (6); feeding (ST2) the prepurified feed gas (6) to a membrane unit (4) which is connected downstream of the prepurifying unit (3) and has at least one membrane (8, 15) which is more readily permeable to helium than to at least one further component present in the prepurified feed gas (6); feeding (ST3) a pressurized low-helium retentate stream (18) from the membrane unit (4) that has not passed through the at least one membrane (8, 15) to the prepurifying unit (3); and displacing (ST4) helium-rich gas with the aid of the pressurized low-helium retentate stream (18) from an adsorber (E2B, E3B) to be regenerated in the prepurifying unit (3) into an already regenerated adsorber (R2, R3) of the prepurifying unit (3).
A method for enhanced or improved oil recovery includes injecting a miscible injection fluid comprising an unfractionated hydrocarbon mixture through an injection well into a hydrocarbon bearing reservoir at a structurally higher position to initiate gravity-stable displacement and gas cap expansion processes. Residual hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir are mobilized and displaced by the miscible injection fluid to a structurally lower position within the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir adjacent a production well through which they are produced to the surface.
E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
C09K 8/58 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
C09K 8/584 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
C09K 8/594 - Compositions used in combination with injected gas
The invention relates to a process for producing hydrocarbons (23), in which a first feed substream (3) and a second feed substream (4) are obtained from a hydrocarbonaceous feed stream (1), of which the first feed substream (3) is converted by means of partial oxidation or autothermal reforming (R) to a first synthesis gas stream (8) and the second feed substream (4) is converted by means of steam reforming (D) to a second synthesis gas stream (10) and subsequently combined with the first synthesis gas stream (8) to give a third synthesis gas stream (5), of which at least a first portion (11) is converted by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (F) to a crude product stream (16) comprising hydrocarbons of different chain lengths, from which light hydrocarbons are separated in a tail gas (17), in order to recycle them and use them in the partial oxidation or autothermal reforming (R). The characteristic feature here is that unsaturated hydrocarbons (21) are separated from at least a portion (19) of the tail gas (17) in order to obtain a stream (20) which is substantially free of unsaturated hydrocarbons as a feed for the partial oxidation or autothermal reforming (R).
The invention relates to a method for gradual sealing of a gas in a compressor arrangement (100, 200, 300, 400) having a plurality of compression stages (I-VI), sequentially connected to each other via a main line (1), in which compression stages the gas conducted through the main line (1) is compressed from a suction-side pressure level to a pressure-side pressure level and heated from a suction-side temperature level to a pressure-side temperature level via said compression, wherein a return volume of the gas conducted through the main line (1) is extracted at least temporarily from the main line (1) downstream of one of the compression stages (V), supplied to a decompression, and supplied back into the main line (1) upstream of the same compression stage (V). According to the invention, the pressure-side pressure level of the compression stage (V), downstream of which the return volume is extracted from the main line (1), is a supercritical pressure level, the decompression of the return volume occurs to a subcritical pressure level, the return volume is supplied to the decompression to the pressure-side temperature level of the compression stage (V), downstream of which the return volume is extracted from the main line (1), and the return volume is cooled only after the decompression and before and/or after the return into the main line (1). The invention further relates to a compressor arrangement (100, 200, 300, 400).
A process is proposed for obtaining an ethylene product in a supercritical state, in which a gas mixture containing predominantly or exclusively ethylene and ethane is separated in a distillation column (1) operated at a distillation pressure level of 5 to 15 bar into a top product containing predominantly or exclusively ethylene and a bottom product containing predominantly or exclusively ethane, wherein the top product is drawn off from the top of the distillation column (1) in the gaseous state and a first fraction is liquefied and recycled as reflux to the distillation column (1) and a second fraction is converted to a supercritical state and used as the ethylene product. What is envisaged is that, for conversion of the second fraction to the supercritical state, a multistage compression from the distillation pressure level over multiple intermediate pressure levels to a supercritical pressure level is undertaken, with conversion of the second fraction in the multistage compression predominantly or exclusively from the gaseous state to the supercritical state. The invention likewise provides a corresponding plant.
The present invention relates to a gas dilution system (200) with at least two gas flow control elements (211, 212), whereas each of the at least two gas flow control elements (211, 212) each features an integrated measuring orifice, designed as top peace in the form of a valve and connected to a gas container (201, 202), whereas the gas dilution system (200) is intended to extract gas with a required flow rate via the at least two gas flow control elements (211, 212) from the respectively connected gas container (201, 202), to mix the extracted gasses at a required dilution ratio into a diluted gas mixture and to make available the diluted gas mixture at the outlet (240).
B01F 35/83 - Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
G01N 37/00 - INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES - Details not covered by any other group of this subclass
37.
PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE CRYOGENIC SEPARATION OF SYNTHESIS GAS
The invention relates to a method and a device for the cryogenic decomposition of a feed gas (1) predominantly formed by hydrogen and carbon monoxide and containing methane, and which is also partially condensed via cooling in order to produce a first fluid phase (5) substantially formed by carbon monoxide and methane and containing hydrogen, from which a second fluid phase (11) is generated via the separation of hydrogen (9) in a H2-separation column (T1) heated by a circulating heater (8), from which a carbon monoxide-rich gas phase (28) is obtained in a CO/CH4-separation column (T2), with a purity that permits the output thereof as a carbon monoxide product (29). This is characterised in that a low-methane material flow (26, 34) is withdrawn from the H2-separation column (T1) and subsequently supplied to the CO/CH4-separation column (T2) as return flow.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
The invention relates to a method for producing urea, comprising the steps: reacting a methane-containing and also, preferably desulphurized, feed gas stream (NG) with oxygen by partial oxidation (20) to form a synthesis gas stream (S) comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, reacting carbon monoxide of the synthesis gas stream (S) in a water gas-shift reaction (40) with water to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen, dividing the synthesis gas stream (S) into at least one first and one second synthesis gas substream (S', S"), wherein the first synthesis gas substream (S') is subjected to a pressure-swing adsorption (50, 51), wherein hydrogen is separated off from the first synthesis gas substream (S'), and wherein the second synthesis gas substream (S") is subjected to a temperature-swing adsorption (50, 52), wherein carbon dioxide is separated off from the second synthesis gas substream (S"), reacting (60) hydrogen separated off from the first synthesis gas substream (S') with nitrogen to form ammonia, and reacting (70) ammonia with carbon dioxide separated off from the second synthesis gas substream (S") to form urea. Fig. 1
C07C 273/04 - Preparation of urea or its derivatives, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups the nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups of urea, its salts, complexes or addition compounds from carbon dioxide and ammonia
C01B 3/48 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
A sensor module for connection between a fabrication tool and the head of the fabrication tool. It comprises an interface connectable to the fabrication tool, comprising: a power port for receiving power transmitted by the fabrication tool to the head, a gas port for receiving gas delivered by the fabrication tool to the head, and another interface connectable to the head which comprises another power port for delivering power to the head, another gas port for delivering gas, from the first gas port, to the head. The module also has a sensor module comprising a memory, a sensor for measuring power transmitted to the head, another sensor for measuring the gas delivered to the head, means for transmitting information between the sensor module and a remote location, and a processor electronically connected to the memory, transmission means, and sensors.
The invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising a first cylindrical tube (2) and a lead screw (3) which extends coaxially inside the first cylindrical tube (2); the inner surface of the first cylindrical tube (2) has guiding grooves (22), and a cleaning element (12) is secured to the lead screw (3) in such a way that a rotating movement of the lead screw (3) moves the cleaning element (12) in the axial direction along the guiding grooves (22).
F28G 1/08 - Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted
B08B 9/043 - Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes
F28D 7/10 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
F28F 1/40 - Tubular elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
The invention relates to a method for obtaining a condensed hydrocarbon-rich fraction (product fraction) that has a nitrogen content of = 1 mol%, wherein the hydrocarbon-rich fraction is condensed and subcooled against a refrigeration circuit and then is subjected to a process of nitrogen removal by rectification. According to the invention, the condensed and subcooled hydrocarbon-rich fraction (2) is expanded (V1) and fed to a nitrogen stripping column (T1), from the bottom of which the product fraction (4) is drawn off, a nitrogen-enriched fraction (5) is drawn off from the top of the nitrogen stripping column, compressed (C1), condensed and subcooled (E1 - E3) against the refrigeration circuit (K), expanded (V2), and fed to a high-pressure nitrogen column (T2), a partial flow of the nitrogen-enriched fraction cooled against the refrigeration circuit (K) is fed to the high-pressure nitrogen column (T2) as a boiling flow (9), and a nitrogen-depleted fraction (11) is drawn off from the bottom of the high-pressure nitrogen column and fed to the stripping column (T1), wherein the two columns (T1, T2) are thermally coupled by means of a heat exchanger (E4), which serves as a boiler of the nitrogen stripping column (T1) and as a top condenser of the high-pressure nitrogen column (T2), and a return collector (D1) is arranged between the two columns (T1, T2), from which return collector a gaseous and/or liquid high-purity nitrogen flow is drawn off.
C10G 5/00 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
42.
FURNACE WITH REACTOR TUBES HEATABLE ELECTRICALLY AND BY MEANS OF COMBUSTION FUEL FOR STEAM REFORMING A FEEDSTOCK CONTAINING HYDROCARBON
The invention relates to a furnace for steam reforming a feed stream (E) containing hydrocarbon, preferably comprising methane, having: a combustion chamber (10), a plurality of reactor tubes (20) arranged in the combustion chamber (10) for accommodating a catalyst (K) and for passing the feed stream (E) through the reactor tubes (20), at least one burner (30) which is configured to bum a combustion fuel in the combustion chamber (10) to heat the reactor tubes (20). According to the invention, in addition to the at least one burner (30), at least one voltage source (2) is provided which is connected to the plurality of reactor tubes (20) in such a manner that in each case an electric current which heats the reactor tubes (20) to heat the feedstock is generable in the reactor tubes (20).
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/38 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
The invention relates to a method for recovering a helium product fraction (6) from a nitrogen- and helium-containing feed fraction (3). The nitrogen- and helium-containing feed fraction (3) is partially condensed (E1) and separated into a first helium-enriched fraction (5) and a first nitrogen-enriched fraction (8), and the former is cleaned again in an adsorptive manner. According to the invention, the separation is carried out in a separation column (T) which is supplied with the first nitrogen-enriched fraction (8) as a return flow and with a sub-flow of the second nitrogen-enriched fraction as a stripping gas (12). The stripping gas quantity (12) is set such that a third nitrogen-enriched fraction (20) which contains at least 30% of the nitrogen contained in the first nitrogen-enriched fraction (8) can be recovered in the separation column (T).
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
44.
COMBINED MEMBRANE AND PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION METHOD FOR RECOVERY OF HELIUM
The invention relates to a method of obtaining helium from a process gas, wherein at least the following steps are executed: feeding a helium-containing process gas having a pressure of less than 15 bar to a first membrane separation stage (2) having a first membrane (4) which is more readily permeable for helium than for at least one further component present in the process gas; guiding a first retentate stream to a second membrane separation stage (3) having a second membrane (5) which is more readily permeable for helium than for at least one further component present in the process gas; separating helium from a first helium-containing permeate stream by means of pressure swing adsorption to produce a helium-containing product stream; and recycling a second helium-containing permeate stream to the first membrane separation stage (2), and recycling a purge gas from the pressure swing adsorption to the first membrane separation stage (2).
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
45.
PROCESS AND PLANT FOR PREPARATION OF ONE OR MORE REACTION PRODUCTS
A process is proposed for preparing one or more reaction products, in which a first methane-rich feed stream (b) is subjected to a partial oxidation process and/or an autothermal reforming process (1) and a second methane-rich feed stream (e) is subjected to a steam reforming process (3), and in which a first synthesis gas- containing output stream (d) is formed by means of the partial oxidation process and/or the autothermal reforming process (1) and a second synthesis gas-containing output stream (g) is formed by means of the steam reforming process (3), where synthesis gas from the first output stream (d) and synthesis gas from the second output stream (g) are used to form a collective synthesis gas stream (h) and fluid from the collective synthesis gas stream (h) is subjected to a molecular weight-increasing reaction in a synthesis feed stream (i) to obtain a synthesis output stream (k) comprising carbon dioxide and the reaction product(s). At least one carbon dioxide-rich first recycle stream (p) is formed from fluid from the synthesis output stream (k) and fluid from the first recycle stream (p) is subjected to the steam reforming process (3). The present invention likewise provides a corresponding plant (100).
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C07C 27/00 - Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds
A process is described for cooling a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, in particular natural gas, against a refrigerant circuit. In this process, the compressed refrigerant is divided into three refrigerant substreams (4, 8, 10). Whereas the first substream (4) is work-producingly expanded in a warm expander (X1) and the second substream (8) is work-producingly expanded in a cold expander (X2), the third substream (10) is work-producingly expanded (V1) at the lowest temperature level. The result therefrom is that the operating point of the cold expander is shifted in such a manner that the refrigeration output of the two expanders (X1, X2) is situated in a ratio between 40/60 and 60/40.
E21B 36/00 - Heating, cooling, or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
F25B 9/06 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
F25B 11/02 - Compression machines, plants or systems, using turbines, e.g. gas turbines as expanders
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
A lever-actuated cylinder valve assembly comprising a housing containing a valve body. A lever is pivotally attached to the housing to operate a valve element. A latch mechanism, comprising a hook and a complementary spring, retains the lever with respect to the housing. The spring is a bent wire or plate mounted so as to present an elongate engagement portion to the hook. The hook lifts the engagement portion to ride up the hook increasing the biasing force, such that, the rod passes over an apex of the hook and the rod moves to a latched position in which it is biased into the hook to hold the lever closed. A release member is depressible by a user to lift the rod off the hook to release the rod from the hook. The assembly provided retains the lever in the closed position preventing the valve from inadvertent opening.
F16K 35/02 - Means to prevent accidental or unauthorised actuation to be locked or disconnected by means of a push or pull
F16K 1/30 - Lift valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces specially adapted for pressure containers
F16K 31/52 - Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam
The present invention relates to an electrode (200) for a welding torch (100) for tungsten gas-shielded welding, in particular for tungsten inert gas welding or for plasma welding, wherein the electrode (200) comprises at least one insert (210) composed of a material (211) different from the electrode material (201), wherein the insert (210) at least partially forms an arc-side surface (202) of the electrode, the electrode (200) has, on the arc-side surface thereof, a plurality of focusing-gas bores (220) for supplying a focusing gas (222) for focusing an arc (120), and the electrode (200) has at least one axially extending gas removal bore (230) for removing a gas (132) from the arc-side surface (202) of the electrode (200) through the axially extending gas removal bore (230).
The invention relates to a method for tungsten shielded welding, in particular tungsten inert-gas shielded welding, or for plasma welding, in which method an electrode (200) and a workpiece (151) are supplied with a welding current, the electrode (200) being supplied as the anode and the workpiece (151) as the cathode. An electric arc (120) is initiated and burns between an electric-arc-side face (202) of the electrode (200) and the workpiece (151) and the energy density of the electric-arc-side face (202) of the electrode (200) and/or the build up of the electric arc (120) on the electric-arc-side face (202) of the electrode (200) are deliberately influenced.
The invention relates to a device (1) for heating a fluid (F), comprising at least one electrically conductive pipeline (100) for accommodating the fluid (F) and at least one voltage source (2) connected to the at least one pipeline (100), wherein the at least one voltage source (2) is designed to generate an electric current in the at least one pipeline (100), which electric current heats the at least one pipeline (100) in order to heat the fluid (F). According to the invention, the at least one voltage source (2) has M phase conductors (L1,..., LM), wherein M is a natural number greater than or equal to two, and wherein the at least one voltage source (2) is designed to provide an alternating voltage at the phase conductors (L1,..., LM), wherein those alternating voltages are phase-shifted in relation to each other by 2p/?, and wherein the phase conductors (L1,..., LM) are connected to the at least one pipeline (100) in an electrically conductive manner in such a way that a star circuit is formed.
A process for liquefying and subcooling a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, particularly natural gas, is described wherein, once cooled down, the fraction is subjected to a partial condensation to remove heavy hydrocarbons, particularly benzene. According to the invention, a) the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction (7) is subcooled in a separate heat exchanger (E3) (normal mode), b) the supply of the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction (7) to the heat exchanger (E3) is interrupted at the latest when a defined solid deposition value in the heat exchanger (E3) is reached (cleaning mode), c) the solid in the heat exchanger (E3) is melted with a defrost gas (10, 11) and drawn off from the heat exchanger (E3) and d) the liquefied hydrocarbon-rich fraction (7) is subsequently returned to the heat exchanger (E3).
F25J 3/06 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by partial condensation
C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
The invention relates to a method for operating a steam reforming plant (100), and to a steam reforming plant (100), in which a hydrocarbon-rich feed (b) is reacted with steam (c) to form a synthesis gas (k) using at least one steam reforming reactor (2), having at least one processing unit (4 - 7), using which a hydrogen-rich fraction (u) is obtained from the synthesis gas (k) by separating off carbon dioxide (m, n) and carbon monoxide (t), and having at least one pressure-swing adsorption plant (9), using which a residual gas (h) is separated off from the hydrogen-rich fraction, wherein at least one recycle compressor (10) is used, with which, in a first mode of operation, carbon dioxide (n, o) that is separated off from the synthesis gas (k) is at least in part added to the hydrocarbon-rich feed (b). It is a characteristic of the invention that in a second mode of operation, the recycle compressor (10) is not used for compression of carbon dioxide (m) that is separated off from the synthesis gas (k), but is used to add the residual gas (w, x) that is separated off in the pressure-swing adsorption plant (9) at least in part to the hydrogen-rich fraction (u) upstream of the pressure-swing adsorption plant (u).
C10G 55/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one catalytic cracking step
54.
INERT GAS AND METHOD FOR METAL INERT GAS WELDING FOR POLLUTANT REDUCTION
A method of metal inert-gas welding is proposed, a method in which a welding filler is fed to a welding torch and a welding current of a welding current source is applied via a welding current connection, whereby an arc is formed and, in a welding region, material of the welding filler is transferred to a workpiece consisting at least in the welding region of an alloyed high-grade steel. By means of the welding torch, an inert gas that includes a content of 0.5 to 3.0 percent by volume of at least one oxidizing component and a content of 0.1 to below 0.5 percent by volume of hydrogen is fed to the welding region. A method of reducing the content of nickel oxides and chromium (VI) compounds in welding fumes of such a welding method, a corresponding inert gas and the use of a gas mixture as an inert gas are likewise the subject of the present invention.
The invention relates to a method for obtaining dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas (SG). At least one feed flow (2) made of syngas (SG) undergoes at least one synthesizing step (A) in which components contained in the feed flow (2) are at least partly converted into dimethyl ether (DME), whereby at least one raw product flow (3) is obtained which contains at least dimethyl ether (DME) and the non-converted components of the feed flow (2). The feed flow (2) contains at least hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide and has a stoichiometric number of 2.0 to 5Ø The feed flow (2) further contains 4 to 20 mol.% of carbon dioxide, and the ratio of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide in the feed flow (2) ranges from 0.5 to 4. The at least one synthesizing step (A) is carried out under isothermal conditions. The invention likewise relates to a system for obtaining dimethyl ether (DME) from syngas (SG).
The invention relates to a method for tungsten inert gas welding or plasma welding, as well as to a gas mixture as a protective gas for tungsten inert gas welding or an outer gas for plasma welding, in particular for welding stainless steels and/or duplex steels, wherein a gas mixture comprised of argon, nitrogen and CO2 is used.
The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) for indirectly exchanging heat between a first medium (F1) and a second medium (F2), comprising a casing (2), which has an encased area (3) for receiving the liquid phase (L1) of the first medium (F1), and at least one plate heat exchanger (4), which is arranged in the encased area (3), for receiving the first and the second medium (F1, F2), said plate heat exchanger (4) being surrounded by the liquid phase (L1) of the first medium (F1) when operated as intended. According to the invention, a collecting channel (5) which is located in the encased area (3) is provided in order to discharge a part of a liquid phase (L1) of the first medium (F1) out of the encased area (3).
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for producing synthesis gas (5) by steam reforming, in which nitrogen is separated off from a starting material (1) containing hydrocarbons and nitrogen in order to produce a low-nitrogen feed (4) for a burner-fired steam reformer (D), with formation of a hydrocarbon-containing residual gas (2) which subsequently serves as fuel (6). The characterizing feature here is that the nitrogen is separated off adsorptively (N) from the starting material and the hydrocarbon-containing residual gas (2) is used for firing the steam reformer (D).
The invention relates to a method for separating a hydrocarbon mixture (C) obtained at least partially by means of steam cracking (10), which hydrocarbon mixture contains at least hydrocarbons having one, two, and three carbon atoms, among them ethane and ethylene, wherein first a first fraction (C2+, C2-) is extracted from the hydrocarbon mixture (C), wherein other components are at least partially removed, which first fraction contains the majority of the hydrocarbons having two and more carbon atoms previously contained in the hydrocarbon mixture (C) or the majority of the hydrocarbons having two and less carbon atoms previously contained in the hydrocarbon mixture (C), wherein further fractions (C1, C2, C2H4, C3+, C2H6) are then extracted from the first fraction (C2+, C2-). In parallel with or after the at least partial removal of the other components from the hydrocarbon mixture (C), a fraction (R, S) containing ethane is removed in an amount that reduces the ethane content in the first fraction (C2+, C2-) to less than 25%, wherein the fraction (R, 2) containing ethane is low in or free from other hydrocarbons having two carbon atoms. The invention further relates to a separating plant (30), to a corresponding steam cracking plant, and to a method for converting a steam cracking plant.
The invention relates to a method for regulating the pressure in a first vessel (1), having a substance mixture which is present in liquid and gaseous phases and which has a first component and a second component, wherein, in the method, the temperature of the substance mixture is set such that the pressure in the first vessel (1) lies below a predefinable value and, at the set temperature and the pressure in the first vessel (1), the substance mixture is present only in the liquid and gaseous phases (F, G).
F17C 5/04 - Methods or apparatus for filling pressure vessels with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases for filling with liquefied gases requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. filling with helium or hydrogen
F17C 13/02 - Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
The present invention relates to a method and device for gas metal arc welding, wherein a current-carrying wire electrode (110) is melted by an arc (120), and wherein gas metal arc welding is performed using a filler metal, which contains at least one constituent that releases deleterious emissions through evaporation, wherein a composition that does not contain this constituent is selected for the wire electrode (110), and a dead weld metal (200) containing this constituent is fed to the arc (120) and/or a molten bath (160) without a current.
B23K 9/16 - Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
B23K 35/22 - Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
The invention relates to a method and device for gas scrubbing, in which, in a first scrubbing step (S1), substances of a first kind and, in a subsequent second scrubbing step (S2), substances of a second kind are selectively washed out from the gas mixture (1) that is made to flow in countercurrent to physically acting scrubbing agents (2, 5), wherein part (2) of the scrubbing agent (3) that is free from substances of the first kind but laden with substances of the second kind in the second scrubbing step (S2) is used in the first scrubbing step (S1), and so there occurs a scrubbing agent stream (7) that is laden with substances of the first and second kinds, during the regeneration of which a partly regenerated scrubbing agent stream (semilean) (17) that contains substances of the first and second kinds but has a lower content of substances of the first kind than the scrubbing agent stream (7) laden in the first scrubbing step is generated. The invention is distinguished by the fact that at least part (22) of the semilean stream (17) is returned directly to the first scrubbing step (S1) and used there as a scrubbing agent.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
63.
COLUMN COMPRISING LIQUID DISTRIBUTORS AND MASS TRANSFER TRAYS MADE UP OF ANGLE PROFILES
The invention relates to a column, comprising: a shell (10), which is made to extend along a longitudinal axis (L) and encloses an interior space of A column (1, 2, 3, 4), at least one mass transfer tray (100), which is made to extend along the column cross section (Q) of the column (1, 2, 3, 4) running transversely to the longitudinal axis (L), and at least one liquid distributor (200, 300), which is designed to apply a liquid phase (F) to the at least one mass transfer tray (100). According to the invention, it is provided that the mass transfer tray (100) has a plurality of run-off elements (101), in particular in the form of angle profiles, which run parallel to one another and at a distance from one another and respectively extend along the column cross section (Q), wherein the run-off elements (101) respectively have a first and a second run-off surface (102a, 103a), which is made to extend along the column cross section (Q), and wherein the two run-off surfaces (102a, 103a) run towards one another along the longitudinal axis (L) in the direction of the liquid distributor (200, 300) and meet to form an edge (104), which is made to extend along the column cross section (Q), and wherein the liquid distributor (200, 300) is designed to impart the liquid phase (F) to the edges (104) of the run-off elements (101), and so the liquid phase (F) imparted to the respective run-off element (101) flows off from the respective run-off element (101) to both sides of the respective edge (104) by way of the run-off surfaces (102a, 103a).
The invention relates to a process for preparing a catalyst, a catalyst being provided in the form of a metal oxide catalyst comprising at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, Te, Nb, V, Cr, Dy, Ga, Sb, Ni, Co, Pt and Ce. According to the invention, it is provided that the catalyst K is subjected to an aftertreatment to increase the proportion of the M1 phase, the catalyst K being contacted with steam at a pressure below 100 bar and/or being contacted with oxygen to obtain an aftertreated catalyst K'. The invention further relates to a catalyst K' prepared by the process and to a process for oxidative dehydrogenation with a catalyst K' according to the invention.
The present invention relates to a process for recovering sulphur from a hydrogen sulphide containing gas stream comprising: (i) providing a gas stream comprising hydrogen sulphide gas; (ii) passing the gas stream into an apparatus comprising a first thermal- reaction-region and a first catalytic-region; (1) reacting a portion of the hydrogen sulphide gas in the first thermal-reaction- region with oxygen to form sulphur dioxide and water vapour to form a resultant-gas-mixture comprising water vapour, sulphur vapour, sulphur dioxide, and hydrogen sulphide; (2) passing at least a portion of the resultant-gas-mixture to the first catalytic-region, whereby at least a portion of the hydrogen sulphide is reacted, in the presence of a catalyst, to form further sulphur vapour and water vapour; and condensing at least a portion of said sulphur vapour to form liquid sulphur and passing at least a portion of the liquid sulphur to a sulphur pit.
The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for separating metal carbonyls from a gas mixture (1) by gas scrubbing with a physically acting scrubbing medium (6), where scrubbing medium (8) loaded with metal carbonyls in the scrub (W) is regenerated and is subsequently reused for separating off metal carbonyls. The invention is characterized in that in order to regenerate the loaded scrubbing medium (8) materials dissolved in the scrubbing medium are separated off only to the extent necessary for removal of the metal carbonyls.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
67.
METHOD FOR GAS METAL ARC WELDING WITH JOULEAN HEAT-DEPENDENT STICKOUT
The present invention relates to a device and a method for gas metal arc welding, wherein a welding current is passed through a wire electrode and the wire electrode is melted by a welding arc, wherein a current contact point on the wire electrode on which the welding current is directed toward the wire electrode, wherein a stickout between the current contact point and a contact point of the welding arc with the wire electrode is set by means of the current contact point in dependence on a Joulean heat of the wire electrode.
The invention relates to an air separation plant (100), which is designed to obtain a product containing argon by the low-temperature separation of compressed and cooled feed air, wherein the air separation plant (100) comprises a high-pressure column (1), a multi-part low-pressure column having a base segment (2) and a head segment (3), and a multi-part crude argon column having a base segment (4) and a head segment (5), wherein at least one oxygen-enriched flow (d) can be obtained from at least part of the feed air in the high pressure column (1), at least one argon-enriched flow (m) can be obtained from at least part of the oxygen-enriched flow (d) in the low-pressure column, and at least one argon-rich flow (n) can be obtained from at least part of the argon-enriched flow (m) in the crude argon column, and wherein at least one liquid flow (n) can be transferred from a lower region of the head segment (3) of the low-pressure column and from a lower region of the base segment (4) of the crude argon column into an upper region of the base segment (2) of the low-pressure column. The invention further relates to corresponding methods.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
69.
METHOD FOR TREATING A HYDROCARBON-RICH GAS MIXTURE CONTAINING MERCURY AND ACID GASES
The invention relates to a method for treating a hydrocarbon-rich gas mixture (1) containing mercury and acid gases, said gas mixture being natural gas in particular, wherein the gas mixture is subjected to an adsorptive mercury removal (A) and a downstream acid-gas scrubbing (T). According to the invention, before the gas mixture to be treated is fed to the adsorptive mercury removal (A), the gas mixture (1, 2) to be treated is heated (E) at least to such an extent that the gas mixture does not fall below the water dew point in the adsorptive mercury removal (A) and does not fall below the hydrocarbon dew point in the acid-gas scrubbing (T).
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C07C 7/11 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
C10G 70/04 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes
C10G 70/06 - Working-up undefined normally gaseous mixtures obtained by processes covered by groups , , , , by physical processes by gas-liquid contact
C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
70.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING COMBUSTION FUEL FOR A GAS TURBINE
The invention relates to a method for the separation of a hydrogen- and carbon dioxide-containing feed gas (1), from which, in a first gas scrubber (A1), carbon dioxide is substantially selectively extracted by scrubbing by a sulphur-free scrubbing medium (3), wherein a scrubbing medium stream (4) loaded with carbon dioxide and co-absorbed hydrogen is produced which is subsequently expanded into an expansion vessel (D1) in order to transfer co-absorbed hydrogen to the gas phase (9). A characteristic of the method is that the hydrogen-containing gas phase (9) is withdrawn from the expansion vessel (D1) and added to a sulphur-free, hydrogen- and carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture (17) which is formed in a second gas scrubber (A2) operated in parallel to the first, as a product at a pressure which is lower than the pressure of the feed gas (1).
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
The invention relates to a method for performing endothermic process, characterized in that the annual average total energy required for the endothermic process originates from at least two different energy sources. One of the energy sources is an electrical energy source, the power of which varies between 0 and 100% of the required total power, and three different energy modes individually can provide the total required power for the endothermic process: (i) exclusively electrical energy, (ii) a mixture of electrical energy and at least one additional non-energy source, or (iii) exclusively non-electrical energy. The transition time in which the change from one energy mode to another energy mode is completed 30 minutes at most.
The invention relates to a method for cooling a hydrocarbon-rich fraction, in particular of natural gas, wherein the hydrocarbon-rich fraction (1) is cooled against at least one refrigerant circuit (10 - 15), the refrigerant includes at least nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and/or C2+-hydrocarbons, the compression of the refrigerant is carried out by at least one turbo compressor (C1) having one or more gas-lubricated sliding-ring seals, and the turbo compressor (C1) is supplied with a partial stream of the refrigerant and/or an external gas or gas mixture, substantially having nitrogen and/or methane, as primary barrier gas, and nitrogen is supplied as secondary barrier gas. According to the invention, at least one nitrogen-rich stream (21) is removed from the refrigerant circuit (10 - 15), at least temporarily.
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
73.
MULTI-FLAME BURNER AND METHOD FOR HEATING A WORKPIECE
A multi-flame burner (10) with burner heads (1), which are set up to generate at least one burner flame (13) directed along a respective flame axis (14) when supplied with a fuel, wherein the flame axes (14) of respectively adjacent burner heads (1) are inclined relative to each other. The multi-flame burner can be used in preheating pipes including large diameter pipes. A method for preheating a workpiece, in particular a pipe or large- diameter pipe, is also disclosed.
The invention relates to a method for performing a pressure test on a tank (e.g. hydrogen tank) and to an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention. According to the invention, the tank (4) is connected via a tank valve (10) to a tank feed line (3) which has a first valve (5) for shutting off the tank feed line (5), wherein during the pressure test prior to the tank (4) being filled through the tank feed line (3) a flow of medium, with the first valve (5) closed, is directed into the tank (4) via a bypass line (7) bridging the first valve (5), wherein the flow of medium is throttled in the bypass line (7) such that a tank feed pressure acting on the tank valve (10) rises in a controlled manner, wherein the tank valve (10) opens particularly when the tank feed pressure exceeds the pressure prevailing in the tank (4).
The invention relates to a method for producing a methanol synthesis gas product stream (2), an H2 product stream (3), and a CO product stream (4) from a synthesis gas stream (5) containing H2 and CO, in particular in the form of AOG, the method comprising the following steps: Separating the synthesis gas stream (5) into a first and a second synthesis gas substream (51, 52), wherein only CO contained in the first synthesis gas substream (51) is converted to CO2 and H2 with water vapor mixed into the first synthesis gas substream (51). Both the first synthesis gas substream (51) and portion (52a) of the second synthesis gas substream (52) are scrubbed with a scrubbing agent containing amine (102) in order to elute CO2, wherein the scrubbing agent of both columns in particular is regenerated in a joint column. The methanol synthesis gas product stream (2) is composed of a portion (51a) of the washed, converted first synthesis gas substream (51) and/or the other portion (52b) of the unconverted, second synthesis gas substream (52), and, if applicable, of DWA residual gas (9) and crude H2 (111) such that a ratio of (H2-CO2)/(CO+CO2), as necessary for the methanol synthesis, in particular in a range from 2.0 to 2.1, is established in the methanol synthesis gas product stream, wherein the scrubbed one portion (52a) of the second unconverted synthesis gas substream (52) is utilized for producing the CO product stream (4) and the H2 product stream (3) and the other portion (51b) of the scrubbed, converted first synthesis gas substream (51) is used for producing the H2 product stream (3). The invention further relates to a device for producing the above-mentioned products from a synthesis gas, in particular from AOG, which prior to separation into the two substreams (51, 52) is compressed to a suitable pressure, and downstream, is cleared of unsaturated hydrocarbons and O2.
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
C01B 3/56 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
The invention relates to a method and to a device for physical gas scrubbing, wherein a feed gas (1) containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and also carbonyl sulphide and/or hydrogen sulphide is conducted through a first scrubbing section (W1) in countercurrent to a scrubbing medium preloaded with carbon dioxide, in order to separate sulphur components substantially selectively off from the feed gas and to generate a desulphurized gas mixture (3). In a second scrubbing section, carbon dioxide is separated off from only a subquantity of the desulphurized gas mixture by scrubbing with an unloaded scrubbing medium (4) and the resultant carbon dioxide-preloaded scrubbing medium is used completely in the first scrubbing section (W1) as scrubbing medium.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
77.
METHOD FOR THE PARALLEL PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON-CONTAINING PRODUCTS
The invention relates to a process for parallel preparation of hydrogen and one or more carbonaceous products, in which hydrocarbons are introduced into a reaction space (R) and decomposed thermally to carbon and hydrogen in the presence of carbon-rich pellets (W). It is a feature of the invention that at least a portion of the thermal energy required for the hydrocarbon decomposition is introduced into the reaction space (R) by means of a gaseous heat carrier.
C01B 3/28 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles
C01B 3/30 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique
The invention relates to a multistage piston compressor (1) for a gaseous or cryogenically liquefied medium (M) with at least two compressor stages (A; B; C; D), which operatively interact with a shared drive train (4) for purposes of joint powering, wherein each compressor stage (A; B; C; D) exhibits a piston (3A; 3B; 3C; 3D) that is mechanically connected with the drive train (4), and arranged in a compressor cylinder (2A; 2B; 2C; 2D) so that it can longitudinally shift. The object of providing such a multistage compressor in which the compressor stages can be operated independently of each other, and which is improved in terms of wear and energy efficiency, is achieved according to the invention by virtue of the fact that the piston (3A; 3B; 3C; 3D) of the respective compressor stage (A; B; C; D) is connected with a liquid column (9A; 9B; 9C; 9D) of an incompressible liquid situated in the compressor cylinder (2A; 2B; 20; 2D), which converts the piston stroke motion of the piston (3A; 3B; 3C; 3D) into a motion of a compressor piston (10A; 10B; 100; 10D) arranged in the compressor cylinder (2A; 2B; 2C; 2D) so that it can longitudinally shift, wherein the liquid column (9A; 98; 9C; 9D) for changing the compressor stroke (VH) of the compressor piston (10A; 10B; 100; 10D) can be connected with an outlet (15).
A multiflame burner with burner nozzles (10-15) which can be loaded with fuel gas, particularly for thermal material processing methods is suggested, in which at least one of the burner nozzles (10-15) is provided with at least one auxiliary nozzle opening (40) for generating an auxiliary flame (80) arranged laterally to a main nozzle arrangement (30) for generating a working flame (60, 70) and in the direction of at least one adjacent burner nozzle (10-15).
F23D 14/04 - Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
F23D 14/26 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
F23D 14/56 - Nozzles for spreading the flame over an area, e.g. for desurfacing of solid material, for surface hardening or for heating workpieces
F23D 14/58 - Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
The invention relates to a method and device for increasing the enthalpy of a medium, wherein energy is withdrawn from a first heat transfer medium consisting of a first flue gas (5) and from a second heat transfer medium (W) comprising water and flue gas and transferred in each case by indirect heat exchange to the medium, wherein a second flue gas (3) is injected into a water-containing substance system to form the second heat transfer medium (W). The first heat transfer medium (9) cooled with respect to the medium is used to form the second heat transfer medium (W).
The invention relates to a device for supplying gas into water, especially for aquaculture. For enhanced oxygenation we propose a water inlet arrangement with a pipe (4) having a plurality of openings (6) and a Venturi type gas dissolver unit (2) built in the pipe (4), and a surrounding second element (8) having a plurality of openings (10) and/or a fixed or adjustable shield (12).
The invention discloses a process for cleaning a process condensate 17 from a steam reforming process or steam cracking process. The process condensate 17 is fed to an electrodionisation process 7 for cleaning.
C02F 1/469 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
A compressor comprising a liquid acting as piston that is displaceable in the piston compartment is described. According to the invention, a piston dummy (5) that can be displaced with the liquid (3) is arranged in the liquid. This piston dummy (5) is preferentially designed in such a manner that upon reaching the top dead centre it brings about an acceleration of the liquid (3) in the ring gap defined by said piston dummy and the piston chamber wall.
F04F 1/06 - Pumps using positively or negatively pressurised fluid medium acting directly on the liquid to be pumped the fluid medium acting on the surface of the liquid to be pumped
An apparatus and method for processing products by chilling or freezing includes a conveyor for conveying the products along a plane of travel; lifting means disposed for intermittent contact with the conveyor during processing; cam means rotatable for contacting and displacing the lifting means to contact and displace the conveyor from the plane of travel, thereby displacing the products on the conveyor to prevent the products from adhering to the conveyor and other of the products; and drive means operatively associated with the cam means to impart rotational movement to the cam means for intermittently contacting and displacing the lifting means.
B65G 47/22 - Devices influencing the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyors
B65G 49/00 - Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for
F25D 13/06 - Stationary devices associated with refrigerating machinery, e.g. cold rooms with conveyors carrying articles to be cooled through the cooling space
F26B 17/02 - Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
The invention relates to a device for supplying gas into water in sea cages, tanks or ponds with a pump (1) and a dissolver (2) for contacting the gas with the water. For higher efficiency and better handling the pump (1) is a submerged pump (1) (Fig. 1).
The present invention relates to a method for preparing linear alpha-olefins (LAO) by oligomerization of ethylene in the presence of solvent and homogenous catalyst, comprising the steps of. (i) feeding ethylene, solvent and catalyst into an oligomerization reactor, (ii) oligomerizing the ethylene in the reactor, (iii) removing a reactor outlet stream comprising solvent, linear alpha-olefins, ethylene, and catalyst from the reactor via a reactor outlet piping system, (iv) transferring the reactor outlet stream to a catalyst deactivation and removal step, and (v) deactivating and removing the catalyst from the reactor outlet stream, characterized in that at least one organic amine is added into the oligomerization reactor and/or into the reactor outlet piping system.
A process and device for the material utilization of soot from the waste water of a gasification appliance (heavy oil POX) in which a hydrogen- and carbon monoxide-containing (crude synthesis gas) is generated from relatively high-boiling hydrocarbons by partial oxidation, is disclosed. The soot-loaded waste water from the heavy oil POX is mixed with naphtha and is subsequently introduced into a separator (decanter) from which a substantially soot-free water fraction and a substantially water-free naphtha/soot mixture are taken off separately, where the naphtha/soot mixture is fed as feed to a further gasification appliance (naphtha POX), in which appliance predominantly naphtha is converted into a crude synthesis gas by partial oxidation.
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C02F 1/26 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by extraction
C02F 1/40 - Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
patents
