The disclosure provides a flushing process for removing polymer fouling from a reactor including a gas distributor proximal to the bottom thereof and an internal condenser proximal to the top thereof, the method including, for a first flushing time period, injecting a flushing solvent into the reactor and withdrawing the flushing solvent from a reactor outlet proximal to the internal condenser to induce an upward movement of flushing solvent, the withdrawn flushing solvent containing a first polymer content. After the first flushing time period is complete, for a second flushing time period, the process includes injecting a flushing solvent into the reactor and withdrawing the flushing solvent from a reactor outlet proximal to the gas distributor to induce a downward movement of flushing solvent, the withdrawn flushing solvent containing a second polymer content.
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
B01J 3/00 - Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
B01J 31/02 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
B01J 8/08 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with moving particles
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Welding wires and welding rods, as far as included in this
class; non-precious metal components, being parts of
equipment for the storage and supply of compressed gases,
namely taps, valves and pressure reducers (not being part of
machine), also combined as a unit on a console; non-precious
metal components for welding technology, namely pipes and
coupling pieces, distributors, burner heads and nozzles
suitable for receiving compressed gas from equipment for the
storage and supply of compressed gases, namely fuel gases,
cutting gases and protective welding gases; solders,
especially gold and silver solders. Machines, namely machines for welding, soldering and flame
cutting of metallic components, as far as included in this
class; gas-powered, hand-held welding apparatus and cutting
torches; electric devices (except machines) for arc welding
and cutting and parts for such apparatus as far as included
in this class; electric welding guns for arc welding;
electrodes for welding; generator sets for use in arc
welding. Apparatus for measuring, checking and monitoring gases;
apparatus and instruments for switching, regulating and
controlling gas flows on a pneumatic and electric basis;
protective clothing for the welder, namely protective
goggles, gloves and welding helmets.
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
Goods & Services
(1) Welding wires and welding rods, as far as included in this class; non-precious metal components, being parts of equipment for the storage and supply of compressed gases, namely taps, valves and pressure reducers (not being part of machine), also combined as a unit on a console; non-precious metal components for welding technology, namely pipes and coupling pieces, distributors, burner heads and nozzles suitable for receiving compressed gas from equipment for the storage and supply of compressed gases, namely fuel gases, cutting gases and protective welding gases; solders, especially gold and silver solders.
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
Goods & Services
Welding wires and metal welding rods; non-precious metal components, being parts of equipment for the storage and supply of compressed gases, namely, metal taps being structural parts of gas containers and gas supply equipment bein casks, valves, other than parts of machines, the said components also combined as a unit on a console
Y-grade NGL or L-grade is used as a carrier fluid to transport one or more chemical additives into a hydrocarbon bearing reservoir to treat the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir. The Y-grade NGL or L-grade and the chemical additives may be chilled and/or foamed.
E21B 37/06 - Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells using chemical means for preventing or limiting the deposition of paraffins or like substances
Systems and methods for enhanced or improved oil recovery includes injecting a Y-Grade NGL enhanced oil recovery fluid through an injection well into a hydrocarbon bearing reservoir to mobilize and displace hydrocarbons. The Y-Grade NGL enhanced oil recovery fluid comprises an unfractionated hydrocarbon mixture. Simultaneously and/or subsequently, a mobility control fluid is injected into the hydrocarbon bearing formation. Hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir are produced through a production well or the same injection well.
C09K 8/594 - Compositions used in combination with injected gas
E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
C09K 8/584 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
C09K 8/588 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
C09K 8/58 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
The invention relates to a method (100) for the recovery of a separation product which contains predominantly hydrocarbons with two carbon atoms, with the use of a separation feedstock which contains predominantly methane, hydrogen and hydrocarbons with two carbon atoms, wherein the methane content of the separation feedstock is up to 20%, and the separation feedstock is provided in a gaseous state. It is provided that, at a first pressure level, the separation feedstock is partially condensed in a single step by cooling from a first temperature level to a second temperature level, thereby obtaining precisely one first liquid fraction and precisely one first gaseous fraction; at least one part of the first gaseous fraction is partially condensed in a single step through further cooling from the second temperature level to a third temperature level, thereby obtaining precisely one second liquid fraction and precisely one second gaseous fraction; at least one part of the second gaseous fraction at the second pressure level is subjected to a contraflow absorption in the contraflow to an absorption liquid containing predominantly methane, thereby obtaining precisely one third liquid fraction and precisely one third gaseous fraction; the first, the second and the third liquid fraction are at least partially combined and, at least partially, at a second pressure level above the first pressure level, subjected to a low-temperature rectification, thereby obtaining a sump liquid and an overhead gas; at least one part of the overhead gas at the second pressure level is partially condensed in a single step through further cooling from the second temperature level to the third temperature level, thereby obtaining a fourth liquid fraction and a fourth gaseous fraction; and the absorption liquid containing predominantly methane is formed through further cooling of at least a part of the fourth gaseous fraction to a fourth temperature level. A corresponding plant also forms the subject matter of the invention.
C07C 7/00 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
C07C 7/11 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
C10G 5/04 - Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas with liquid absorbents
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
C07C 4/08 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by splitting-off an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic part from the molecule
C07C 4/10 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by splitting-off an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic part from the molecule from acyclic hydrocarbons
8.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR HEATING A FLUID IN A PIPELINE WITH SINGLE-PHASE ALTERNATING CURRENT
A device (110) for heating a fluid is proposed. The device comprises - at least one electrically conductive pipeline (112) and/or at least one electrically conductive pipeline segment (114) for accommodating the fluid, and - at least one single-phase alternating-current and/or at least one single-phase alternating-voltage source (126), wherein each pipeline (112) and/or each pipeline segment (114) is assigned a respective single-phase alternating-current and/or a respective single-phase alternating-voltage source (126) which is connected to the respective pipeline (112) and/or to the respective pipeline segment (114), wherein the respective single-phase alternating-current and/or single-phase alternating-voltage source (126) is designed to generate an electrical current in the respective pipeline (112) and/or in the respective pipeline segment (114), which electrical current warms the respective pipeline (112) and/or the respective pipeline segment (114) by Joule heat, which arises as the electrical current passes through conductive pipe material, in order to heat the fluid, wherein the single-phase alternating-current and/or the single-phase alternating-voltage source (126) is connected in electrically conductive fashion to the pipeline (112) and/or to the pipeline segment (114) such that the generated alternating current flows via a forward conductor (128) into the pipeline (112) and/or the pipeline segment (114) and flows back via a return conductor (130) to the alternating-current and/or alternating-voltage source (126).
The invention relates to a method (100, 200) of obtaining one or more olefins, in which, using an oxidative coupling of methane (10), a gas mixture comprising hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and higher-boiling hydrocarbons than methane is formed and is subjected to a low-temperature separation (1-5), characterized in that the low-temperature separation (1-5) is conducted using a rectification column (2) having a first separation region (21), a second separation region (22) arranged above the first separation region (21), and a condenser-evaporator (23), wherein the gas mixture is cooled, fed at least partly as first separation feed into the first separation region (21) and subjected to a first rectification in the first separation region (21) to form a first tops gas and a first bottoms liquid, wherein, using a first proportion of the first tops gas in the condenser-evaporator (23), a condensate which is recycled to the first separation region and, using a second proportion of the tops gas, a second separation feed which is fed into the second separation region (22) are formed, and wherein the second separation feed is subjected to a second rectification in the second separation region to form a second tops gas and a second bottoms liquid.
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
C07C 2/84 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by condensation of hydrocarbons with partial elimination of hydrogen oxidative coupling catalytic
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
10.
Method and system for forming and for catalytically reacting a reactant mixture—embodiment of the reactor
In a process as disclosed according to the present invention, gases or gas mixtures used to form a reactant mixture in an at least temporarily ignitable composition are fed into a mixing chamber (11) through the passages (131) in a boundary wall (13) of the mixing chamber (11) and by means of one or more feed conduits (14) which have feed orifices (141) and extend into the mixing chamber (11), respectively. The present invention likewise provides a corresponding reactor (1).
B01J 4/00 - Feed devices; Feed or outlet control devices
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
B01J 8/06 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the solid particles being arranged in tubes
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
B01J 19/30 - Loose or shaped packing elements, e.g. Raschig rings or Berl saddles, for pouring into the apparatus for mass or heat transfer
11.
Controllable liquid distributor of a coiled-tube heat exchanger for realizing different liquid loadings
A heat exchanger includes a core tube extending in a shell space, several tubes wound around the core tube, and a liquid distributor. The liquid distributor is arranged above the tubes in the shell space and applies a liquid phase of a first medium to the tubes. The liquid distributor has distributor arms projecting in the radial direction from the core tube, an annular channel extending above the distributor arms in a circumferential direction of the shell and a collector tank formed by the core tube. The annular channel and the collector tank are each designed to collect the first medium. The distributor arms form at least one first container and at least one second container separated from the first container.
F28D 3/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freel with tubular conduits
12.
Method for operating an industrial plant with an adsorption device and industrial plant with an adsorption device
In a method for operating an adsorption device a laden gas stream is fed to an inlet of a sorption buffer device. In the device the laden gas stream passes through a sorbent for receiving a loading of sorbable substance along a sorption path from the inlet to an outlet. The sorbable substance passes from the gas stream to the sorbent, or vice versa, depending on the loading of the gas stream and the sorbent. During a phase of elevated loading, a region with an elevated loading of the sorbent extends from the inlet along the sorption path. During a phase of reduced loading, the region with the elevated loading of the sorbent is shifted in the direction toward the outlet. Length of the sorption path and quantity of the sorbent in the sorption buffer device are selected for accommodating at least three different regions of elevated loading.
F17D 3/14 - Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for eliminating water
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
The invention relates to a burner assembly (100) comprising at least two gas supply lines (1, 2) for supplying at least two different gases, a gas mixture supply line assembly (11), in which the mixture of the at least two different gases is passed on and fed to at least one burner head (20) in which the mixture is combusted, wherein the gas mixture supply line assembly (11) and/or at least one of the gas supply lines has at least one flexible metal tube (1, 2, 13, 16, 19, 21).
B23K 37/00 - Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
F23D 14/32 - Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
A process and plant for natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery includes a main heat exchanger, a cold gas/liquid separator, a separation or distillation column, and an overhead gas heat exchanger. A pressurized residue gas generated from an overhead gas stream removed the top of the separation or distillation column is expanded and used as a cooling medium in the overhead gas heat exchanger and the main heat exchanger. The expanded residue gas, used as a cooling medium, is then compressed up to a pressure to be combined with the overhead stream from the separation or distillation column.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
15.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PIPE FITTING, IN PARTICULAR BY WELD OVERLAY
The invention relates to a process for producing a pipe fitting (10), for example a reduction piece, a pipe elbow or a branch, wherein a metallic material (11) is melted by heating, and wherein a plurality of material layers (12) is produced in a successive manner from the melted material (11), wherein the in each case produced material layer (12) is materially bonded to the in each case previous material layer (12), and wherein the pipe fitting (10) is formed from the material layers (12) bonded to one another. The pipe fitting (10) is produced by buildup welding, for example arc welding or beam welding.
A process for producing ethylene and acetic acid is proposed in which an ethane- and oxygen-containing reaction input stream is formed and a portion of the ethane and of the oxygen in the reaction input stream is converted into the ethylene and the acetic acid by oxidative dehydrogenation to obtain a process gas, wherein the process gas contains the unconverted portion of the ethane and of the oxygen, the ethylene and the acetic acid and also water. It is provided that the process comprises adjusting in the process gas a water partial pressure according to a specified product ratio of the acetic acid to the ethylene to a value in a range between 0.7 and 5 bar (abs.). A corresponding plant (100) likewise forms part of the subject matter of the present invention.
C07C 51/215 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of saturated hydrocarbyl groups
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
Proposed is a process (100) for producing ethylene in which ethane in a reaction input is partly catalytically converted by oxidative dehydrogenation (1) in the presence of oxygen to obtain a gaseous first component mixture containing at least ethane, ethylene, acetic acid and water. It is provided that at least a portion of the gaseous first component mixture is subjected to a scrubbing operation with a scrubbing liquid to obtain a liquid second component mixture containing water and acetic acid, that a first proportion of the second component mixture is used for forming the scrubbing liquid, that a second proportion of the second component mixture is subjected to a solvent extraction to obtain a liquid third component mixture containing at least one organic solvent and acetic acid and that at least a portion of the liquid third component mixture is heated and subjected to a distillation to obtain a liquid containing predominantly or exclusively acetic acid. The heating of the third component mixture or the portion thereof subjected to the distillation is performed at least partly in heat exchange with the first component mixture and/or with the first and/or with the second proportion of the second component mixture. A corresponding plant likewise forms part of the subject matter of the present invention.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
C07C 7/10 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
The present invention relates to a process (100) for separatory processing of a starting mixture containing predominantly hydrogen, methane and hydrocarbons having two or two or more carbon atoms, wherein at least a portion of the starting mixture is cooled to form one or more condensates using one or more heat exchangers (101, 103, 105, 107) and at least a portion of the condensate(s) is subjected to a rectification to form a gaseous methane-rich fraction. It is provided that the gaseous methane-rich fraction is used to form a first fluid stream which is at least partly compressed, in an unchanged composition with respect to the gaseous methane-rich fraction, to a liquefaction pressure level of 35 to 45 bar, and at least partly liquefied by cooling, and in that the first fluid stream, or a second fluid stream formed using the first fluid stream, is expanded to a delivery pressure and heated in the or at least one of the heat exchanger(s) (101, 103, 105, 107). A corresponding plant likewise forms part of the subject matter of the invention.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
B01D 5/00 - Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
C07C 7/00 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
19.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER AND PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER WITH THERMOCOUPLES OR MEASURING RESISTORS
The present invention concerns a method for producing a plate heat exchanger (1) with a multiplicity of parting sheets (20) and a multiplicity of fins (11, 12), a fin being respectively arranged between two neighboring parting sheets, wherein at least one capillary (30) with at least one thermocouple and/or measuring resistor element (40) is introduced into at least one parting sheet (20), and wherein in each case a parting plate of the multiplicity of parting plates and a fin of the multiplicity of fins are alternately arranged and are connected to one another in a material-bonding manner, and concerns a plate heat exchanger (1) produced in such a way.
B23K 1/19 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
F28F 27/00 - Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
Proposed is a process for producing ethylene wherein using a dehydrogenation of ethane a process gas containing at least ethane, ethylene and compounds having a lower boiling point than ethane and ethylene is formed, wherein using at least a part of the process gas a separation input is formed and subjected to a low-temperature separation (6) in which the separation input is cooled and in which one or more condensates are separated from the separation input, wherein the condensate(s) are at least partly subjected to a low-temperature rectification to obtain a gaseous first fraction and a liquid second fraction, wherein the gaseous first fraction contains at least the ethane and the ethylene in a lower proportion than in the separation input and the compounds having a lower boiling point than ethane and ethylene in a higher proportion than in the separation input. It is provided that the first fraction is at least partly subjected to a pressure swing adsorption (7) by means of which a third fraction containing predominantly or exclusively ethylene and ethane and a fourth fraction containing predominantly or exclusively methane and carbon monoxide are formed. A corresponding plant (100) likewise forms part of the subject matter of the present invention.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
The present invention pertains to a device (22) for determining a content of a storage unit (14; 18) which is configured to store and supply a medium for an application-specific use, wherein the device (22) comprises a measuring unit (24; 26) for determining a remaining content stored in the storage unit (14; 18) and a controller (28) for processing the determined remaining content so as to calculate an application-specific parameter being indicative of a remaining service performance of the storage unit (14; 18) for the application-specific use.
The invention relates to a method of cutting a workpiece (40) by means of a plasma arc (2), wherein a device (1) for cutting a workpiece (40) is provided, a pre gas flow (30) is provided around the electrode (11), subsequently to the pre gas flow (30), a main gas flow (32) is provided around the electrode (11), wherein the main gas flow (32) comprises an oxidizing gas, a plasma arc (2) is generated between the electrode (11) and the workpiece (40), wherein said workpiece (40) is cut by means of said plasma arc (2), and wherein said pre gas flow (30) comprises an oxidizing gas at a concentration of 50 ppm to 10000 ppm. The invention further relates to a device (1) for cutting a workpiece (40).
According to the present invention a method for generating a three-dimensional workpiece comprising the following steps: producing a workpiece via additive manufacturing process, wherein Helium is used as a protective/shielding gas during the additive manufacturing process, and wherein a building rate is greater than 5 mm3/s, wherein the building rate is the product of a scanning speed * layer thickness * hatching distance.
B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
B33Y 40/00 - Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
24.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING AN INFORMATION RELATING TO A TREATMENT
The present invention pertains to a device (1 ) and corresponding method (100) for determining an information relating to a treatment of a patient, preferably relating to an adherence of a patient having a respiratory disorder. Accordingly, the device (1) comprises a fluid channel (2) configured to be in fluid communication with a medical gas source at a first end (20) and with a patient interface at a second end (22), a sensor arrangement (3) having at least a first sensor (30) for measuring a value of a first flow parameter in said channel (2) and a second sensor (32) for measuring a value of a second flow parameter in said channel (2), wherein the first sensor (30) and the second sensor (32) are spaced apart from each other along a longitudinal axis of the channel (2), and a control unit (4) in communication with the first sensor (30) and the second sensor (32). The control unit (4) is configured to determine a flow direction of a medical gas in the channel (2) based on a received measurement of the first sensor (30) and/or second sensor (32) and to determine the information based on the determined flow direction.
The present invention pertains to a system and a corresponding method for predicting an exacerbation of a health condition of a patient. Accordingly, a system (1) is suggested comprising an activity sensor unit (2) for measuring activity levels (20) of a patient (100), a sensor (3) arranged to be in fluid communication with a medical gas flow between a medical gas source (10) and the patient (100) and configured to measure a respiratory parameter (30) of the patient (100), and an evaluation unit (4) in communication with the activity sensor (2) and the sensor (3), wherein the evaluation unit (4) is configured to indicate a probability of an exacerbation based on the measured activity level (20) and the measured respiratory parameter (30).
G16H 50/30 - ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for individual health risk assessment
A gas cylinder monitoring system comprising a gas cylinder for receiving and distributing gas. A flow control valve is associated with the gas cylinder and operable to allow or prevent the flow of gas from the cylinder. A monitor is provided for monitoring a signal from an input device associated with the flow control valve. The monitor has an environmental parameter sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a selected environmental parameter in the vicinity of the cylinder. The environmental parameter sensor is connected to the monitor for transmitting an environmental status signal thereto. A removable cover is provided for covering both the flow control valve and the environmental parameter sensor such as to only allow access to the flow control valve when the cover is removed. A transmitter is also provided for transmitting a signal, obtained by the monitor from the input device, to a receiver.
The present invention relates to a method for determining a number of mechanical stresses (304) prevailing at different first locations in a material of a process engineering apparatus (1), wherein the number of mechanical stresses (304) prevailing at the different first locations in the material of the process engineering apparatus (1) is determined from a number of temperatures (301) prevailing at different second locations in the material of the process engineering apparatus using an empirical model (M3), the empirical model (M3) being trained by means of training data (207′), which are derived using a thermos-hydraulic process Simulation model (M1) and a structural-mechanical model (M2) of the process engineering apparatus (1).
G01M 5/00 - Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or aircraft wings
G01M 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
28.
METHOD FOR CHANGING THE OPERATING MODE OF AN ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM, AND ELECTROLYSIS SYSTEM
The invention relates to a device (B) comprising an electrolyser (E), a compressor (V), and a membrane separating device (T), and to a method for changing the operating mode between normal and standby operation of said device (B), in the normal operation of which an electrolysis raw product (3) comprising carbon dioxide is converted in the electrolyser (E) into an electrolysis product (4) containing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, at least one portion (5) of which is conducted via the compressor (V) and is fed at an increased pressure to the membrane separating device (T) in order to obtain a retentate (8) which is enriched in carbon monoxide and depleted of carbon dioxide compared with the electrolysis product (4). According to the invention, in order to change from the normal operation into the standby operation, the electrolyser (E) is completely isolated from the membrane separating device (T) in terms of flow and then shut down, wherein the pressure ratios in the membrane separating device (T) are largely maintained.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
B01D 53/32 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group
A method is provided in which a carbon dioxide containing flue gas is provided by combusting a carbonaceous fuel in a high pressure steam generating unit using combustion air, and in which the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is at least partially captured and compressed in a carbon dioxide capture and compression unit having a carbon dioxide scrubber operated with an absorbing liquid which is regenerated using low pressure steam. The combustion air used in the high pressure steam generating unit is at least partially heated using sensible heat of the flue gas and/or the steam used for regenerating the absorption liquid of the carbon dioxide scrubber is at least partially generated using sensible heat of the flue gas. A corresponding system is also described herein.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
The invention relates to a method for purifying helium, comprising the following steps: - conducting liquid or supercritical helium to be purified through a transfer line (10), which extends at least in part through a heat exchanger apparatus (100), while cooling the helium to be purified to a temperature of <4K, such that contaminants present in the helium separate by freezing, the helium which is cooled to a temperature of <4K being conducted through a portion (112) of the transfer line (110) having a freezing purifier (114) such that the contaminants separated by freezing adhere to or are filtered by the freezing purifier (114); - conducting the helium thus freed of contaminants through the transfer line (110) out of the heat exchanger apparatus (100) into a destination container (140).
A method is provided for producing carbon dioxide by combusting a carbonaceous fuel with oxygen or with a gas mixture containing more than 25 mol % of oxygen obtaining a flue gas mixture, wherein the flue gas mixture is processed obtaining a secondary gas mixture containing carbon dioxide and oxygen, and wherein a part of the oxygen contained in the secondary gas mixture is catalytically reacted with a first auxiliary fuel in a reactor system comprising a series of multiple reactors, obtaining further carbon dioxide and water. A further part of the oxygen contained in the secondary gas mixture is catalytically reacted with a second auxiliary fuel in the reactor system. A corresponding apparatus is also described herein.
A burner module according to the invention comprises at least three or four or five or six or seven or eight functional walls which delimit at least one first functional space and form a module body, wherein the module body has at least three or four or five or six or six or seven gas passage openings and at least two of these gas passage openings are connected to one another communicatively via the first functional space, and wherein at least one nozzle device having a fuel gas opening is formed in an upper wall of the burner module, which fuel gas opening is connected communicatively to the first functional space via a gas channel. The burner module is produced in an additive manner.
B22F 5/10 - Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
B28B 1/00 - Producing shaped articles from the material
The present invention relates to a method for the theoretical analysis of a process apparatus through which fluid flows, wherein a theoretical, in particular numerical simulation of the apparatus or of at least one part of the apparatus is carried out (201), wherein at least one element of the apparatus which does not comprise concrete as a material is replaced in the theoretical simulation by at least one concrete element which is manufactured from concrete (202), and wherein a load analysis of the apparatus is carried out (204) with the aid of the theoretical simulation.
F28F 27/00 - Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
G06F 30/23 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
34.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A COILED HEAT EXCHANGER, AND CONNECTING PIECE FOR A COILED HEAT EXCHANGER
The invention relates to a method for producing a coiled heat exchanger (1) having a core tube (21) and a tube bundle (2) which has a plurality of tubes (20) and a plurality of connecting pieces (6), wherein: the tubes (20) are coiled helically around the core tube (21) in a plurality of tube layers (22); the connecting pieces (6) are each situated between two tube layers (22) such that a spacing is produced between the tube layers (22) by means of the respective connecting piece (6); the course of the tubes (20) from a respective first tube plate (104a) around the core tube (21) to a respective second tube plate (104b) is calculated automatically; the connecting pieces (6) have an identifying feature (400) which is selected using the calculated course and indicates the position of the connecting piece (6) and/or the position of a tube (20); and the connecting piece (6) and/or the tube (20) is assembled according to the identifying feature (400). The invention further relates to a connecting piece (6) for a coiled heat exchanger (1).
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
The invention relates to a method for producing a wound heat exchanger (1) which has a core tube (21) and a tube bundle (2), said tube bundle (2) having a plurality of tubes (20) wound about the core tube (21) in a helical manner for conducting a first fluid. The course of the tubes (20) of the tube bundle (2) from a first tube base (104a) of the heat exchanger (1) to a second tube base (104b) of the heat exchanger (1) about the core tube (21) is automatically calculated, and at least one position at which a respective tube (20) runs according to the calculated course is marked by means of at least one light beam (301), wherein the respective tube (20) is installed according to the marking.
F28D 7/04 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being spirally coiled
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
The invention relates to a method for producing a wound heat exchanger (1) which has a core tube (21) and a tube bundle (2), said tube bundle having a plurality of tubes (20) for conducting a first fluid. The tube bundle (2) has a winding region (11), at least one first plait (4), and at least one second plait (5), wherein the tubes (20) in the first plait (4) are led from the winding region (11) to at least one first tube base (104a), and the tubes (20) in the second plait (5) are led from the winding region (11) to at least one second tube base (104b). The tubes (20) open into the first tube base (104a) and the second tube base (104b), and the course of the tubes (20) of the tube bundle (2) from the first tube base (104a) to the second tube base (104b) is automatically calculated. The calculated course of the tubes (20) is indicated by means of an optical display device (200), and the tubes (20) are installed according to the displayed course.
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
37.
METHOD AND UNIT FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE AIR SEPARATION
The invention relates to a method for a low-temperature air separation in which an air separation unit (100, 200) is used comprising a heat exchanger (6), a decompression machine (8), a compressor (9) coupled to the decompression machine (8), a first rectification column (11), a second rectification column (12), and a condenser evaporator (5) which is arranged in the lower region of the second rectification column (12). The first rectification column (11) is operated at a first pressure level, and the second rectification column (12) is operated at a second pressure level below the first pressure level. Fluid which is oxygen-enriched compared to atmospheric air is drawn from the first rectification column (11) in the form of one or more first material flows. The fluid is partly or completely heated in a heat exchanger (6), and the heat exchanger (6) is used to cool the head gas of the first rectification column (11). A first fraction of the fluid is then conducted through a decompression machine (8) and is discharged from the air separation unit (100, 200), and a second fraction is conducted through a compressor (9) coupled to the decompression machine (8) and is returned to the first rectification column (11). Furthermore, additional fluid which contains nitrogen and oxygen is drawn from the first rectification column (11) in the form of a second material flow and is fed to the second rectification column (12); oxygen-enriched fluid is formed in the sump of the second rectification column (12) and is drawn from the second rectification column (12) at least partly in the form of a third material flow; and an additional fluid is formed at the head of the second rectification column (12) and is drawn from the second rectification column (12) at least partly in the form of a fourth material flow. The second material flow is supercooled in counter flow with the fourth material flow in a supercooler (10) prior to being fed to the second rectification column (12) and after being cooled in the condenser evaporator (5). The invention likewise relates to an air separation unit (100, 200).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
38.
METHOD FOR OBTAINING ONE OR MORE AIR PRODUCTS, AND AIR SEPARATION UNIT
The invention relates to a method for obtaining one or more air products by means of an air separation unit (100) comprising a first booster (1), a second booster (2), a first decompression machine (1a), and a rectification column system (10) which has a high-pressure column (11) operated at a first pressure level and a low-pressure column (12) operated at a second pressure level below the first pressure level. All of the air supplied to the rectification column system (10) is first compressed to a third pressure level, which lies at least 3 bar above the first pressure level, as a feed air quantity. A first fraction of the feed air quantity is supplied to a first booster (1) at the third pressure level and at a temperature level of -140 to -70 °C and is compressed to a fourth pressure level using the first booster (1); a second fraction of the feed air quantity or a sub-quantity of the first feed air quantity which has been compressed to the fourth pressure level using the first booster (1) is supplied to a first decompression turbine (1a), which is used to drive the first booster (1), and is decompressed to the first pressure level using the first decompression machine (1a); and a sub-quantity of the first feed air quantity which has been compressed to the fourth pressure level using the first booster (1) is supplied to a second booster (2) and is compressed to a fifth pressure level using the second booster (2). The first fraction of the feed air quantity is at a temperature level of -100 to -60 °C at the outlet of the first booster (1), and the sub-quantity of the first feed air quantity which is compressed to the fifth pressure level using the second booster (2) is heated to a temperature level of -20 to 40 °C prior to being compressed in the second booster (2). The invention likewise relates to a corresponding air separation unit.
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
39.
METHOD AND UNIT FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE AIR SEPARATION
The invention relates to a method for a low-temperature air separation in which an air separation unit (100, 200) with a distillation column system (10) is used that has a high-pressure column (11) operated at a first pressure range and a low-pressure column (12) operated at a second pressure range below the first pressure range. A first sump liquid which has a higher content of oxygen and a lower content of nitrogen than atmospheric air and a first head gas which has a lower content of oxygen and a high content of nitrogen than atmospheric air are formed in the high-pressure column (11) using a low-temperature rectification process; a second sump liquid which has a higher content of oxygen and a lower content of nitrogen than the first sump liquid and a second head gas which has a higher content of nitrogen and a lower content of oxygen than the first sump liquid are formed in the low-pressure column (12) using a low-temperature rectification process; and the second head gas or a component thereof is drawn from the low-pressure column (12) in the form of unpurified nitrogen. A fraction of the unpurified nitrogen, in the form of a return quantity, is heated, compressed to a pressure level in the first pressure range, cooled, and fed to the high-pressure column (11) one after the other. The invention likewise relates to an air separation unit (100, 200).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
40.
METHOD AND UNIT FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE AIR SEPARATION
The invention relates to a method for a low-temperature air separation in which an air separation unit (100, 3100) is used comprising a first rectification column (11) and a second rectification column (12). The first rectification column (11) is operated at a first pressure level, and the second rectification column (12) is operated at a second pressure level below the first pressure level. Fluid which is oxygen-enriched compared to atmospheric air is drawn from the first rectification column (11) in the form of one or more first material flows. At least one fraction of the fluid which has been drawn from the first rectification column (11) in the form of the one or more first material flows is heated in a heat exchanger (2); a fraction of the fluid which has been heated in the heat exchanger (2) is compressed using a compressor (5) and is returned to the first rectification column (11); a first fraction of the head gas of the first rectification column (11) is condensed in the heat exchanger (2), and a second fraction is discharged from the air separation unit (100, 3100) in the form of at least one nitrogen-enriched air product; Additional fluid which contains oxygen, nitrogen, and argon is drawn from the first rectification column (11) and is used as a second material flow or to form a second material flow, which is transferred to the second rectification column (12); an oxygen-enriched sump liquid is formed in the sump of the second rectification column (12); and at least one fraction in the form of a third material flow is discharged from the air separation unit (100, 200). According to the invention, a third rectification column (13) is used, said second rectification column (12) and third rectification column (13) being designed as parts of a double column such that the third rectification column (13) is arranged below the second rectification column (12) and such that the third rectification column (14) is supplied with air. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding unit (100-3100).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
The invention relates to a method for impregnating a polymer granulate (110) with a predefined mass of a gaseous propellant. According to the invention, the polymer granulate (110) is arranged inside a pressure vessel (100) and a gaseous propellant is introduced into the inside of the pressure vessel (100).
B29C 44/34 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
C08J 9/12 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
C08J 9/18 - Making expandable particles by impregnating polymer particles with the blowing agent
The invention relates to a method (100, 200, 300) for obtaining ethylene, in which method a first feed gas (A) and a second feed gas (B) are fed to a reactor (1) and are processed therein to obtain a product mixture (C) by steam cracking. The first feed gas (A) contains more than 90 wt.% of saturated hydrocarbons and more than 80 wt.% of ethane, wherein the product mixture (C), or a part thereof, is subjected to a treatment (2, 3, 4), thus obtaining a subsequent mixture (F), which contains hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene, and hydrocarbons having three, four, and at least five carbon atoms, and the subsequent mixture (F), or a part thereof, is subjected to a separation (10). According to the invention, the separation (10) comprises an ethylene separation step (7), to which at least the ethane, the ethylene, and the hydrocarbons having three carbon atoms from the subsequent mixture (F), or a part thereof, are fed in a manner not separated from one another in a common separating insert (S, V, X), wherein a light fraction (K) containing more than 9 mole percent of ethylene, and a heavy fraction (T, W, Y) containing at least a portion of the ethane from the separating insert (S, V, X) and at least 15 wt.% of the hydrocarbons having three and four carbon atoms from the separating insert (S, V, X) are formed in the ethylene separating step (7). The heavy separating product (T, W, Y) from the ethylene separating step (7), or a part thereof, is used as part of or for forming the second feed gas (B). The present invention further relates to a corresponding system.
The invention relates to a method for obtaining one or more air products, wherein an air separation system (100) having a rectification column system (10) is used, in which pressurised air is processed in an adjustable total air volume, wherein the total air volume is set to a first value during a first operating period (T1) and set to a second value that is different from the first value during a second operating period (T2), and wherein the setting of the total air volume is changed from the first value to the second value in a third operating period (T3) from a first time (X1) to a second time (X2). The second operating period (T2) is after the first operating period (T1), the third operating period (T3) is between the first operating period (T1) and the second operating period (T2). According to the invention, in the third operating period (T3), a setting of a volume of a fluid, which is formed via rectification using the pressurised air and transported in or out of the rectification column system (10), is changed from a third time (X3) up to a fourth time (X4), wherein the third time (X3) is before or after the first time (X1) and before the second time (X2), and the fourth time (X4) is after the first time (X1) and the third time (X3) and before or after the second time (X2). A time period between the first time (X1) and the second time (X2) is set to be substantially the same as a time period between the third time (X3) and the fourth time (X4). The invention also relates to a corresponding air separation system (100).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
44.
WOUND HEAT EXCHANGER, METHOD FOR PRODUCING A WOUND HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD FOR EXCHANGING HEAT BETWEEN A FIRST FLUID AND A SECOND FLUID
The invention relates to a wound heat exchanger (1) having a core tube (21) extending along a longitudinal axis (L) in an axial direction (a) and having a tube bundle (2), which has a plurality of tubes (20) for conducting a first fluid, wherein the tubes (20) are wound about the core tube (21) in a plurality of windings (23), the tubes (20) being arranged in a radial direction (r) perpendicular to the axial direction (a) in a plurality of tube layers (22), adjacent windings (23) of at least one tube layer (22) having different axial distances (T) in the axial direction (a) and/or tube layers (22) adjacent in the radial direction (r) having different radial distances (D) from each other in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L). The invention further relates to a method for producing a wound heat exchanger (1) and to a method for transferring heat between a first fluid and a second fluid by means of the heat exchanger (1).
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
45.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER, AND PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER
The invention relates to a method for producing a plate heat exchanger (1) for a process plant (26), having the following steps: a) providing (S1) a heat exchanger block (2); b) providing (S2) a connection device (9-18) comprising a fluid-facing side (28), which faces a fluid (A-E) to be fed to or discharged from the plate heat exchanger (1), and a fluid-remote side (29), which faces away from the fluid (A-E); c) welding (S3) the connection device (9-18) to the heat exchanger block (2) on the fluid-facing side (28) with the aid of a first welding consumable (37); and d) welding (S4) the connection device (9-18) to the heat exchanger block (2) on the fluid-remote side (29) with the aid of a second welding consumable (39), the second welding consumable (39) having a higher magnesium content than the first welding consumable (37). Before or during step b), a welding backing means (30) is formed on the connection device (9-18), with which backing means the connection device (9-18) is placed onto the heat exchanger block (2) before or during step c), wherein the welding backing means (30) is formed integrally with the connection device (9-18). During or after step a), a buffer layer (41) is welded onto the heat exchanger block (2), onto which buffer layer the connection device (9-18) is placed before or during step c).
The invention relates to a process and to an apparatus for producing a hydrogen-containing gas product in a first modification (7) or a second modification (14) having a lower hydrogen content than the first modification, wherein a synthesis gas (1) containing steam, carbon monoxide and hydrogen and provided with a steam/carbon monoxide ratio (S/CO ratio) between 1.8 and 2.5 mol/mol is treated using a shift converter (S) to obtain an intermediate product (3, 12) from which water and acid gases are separated in each case to obtain the hydrogen-containing gas product (7, 14). The characteristic feature here is that the synthesis gas (2) is supplied to the shift converter (S) in the form in which it is provided to obtain the gas product in the first modification (7), while the ratio of steam to carbon monoxide in the synthesis gas (11) is adjusted to a value between 0.1 and 0.6 mol/mol by the removal of water upstream of the shift converter (S) to obtain the gas product in the second modification (14).
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
C01B 3/52 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C10K 3/00 - Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
47.
Method and system for determining a remaining service life of a process device through which fluid flows
A remaining service life of a process-engineering apparatus through which fluid flows and which is embodied as a heat exchanger, column, or container for phase separation is acquired. A computing unit is mounted on the apparatus and coupled to a remote computing unit. Temperature measurement values are obtained by a plurality of sensors arranged in or on the apparatus. Mechanical stress is acquired as a characteristic variable not directly measurable from the measurement values of the temperature. The remaining service life is acquired from the mechanical stress. The mechanical stress is acquired by means of the computing unit and the mechanical stress and/or the temperature measurement values are transmitted to the remote computing unit, and the remaining service life is acquired there. Alternatively, the temperature measurement values are transmitted to the remote computing unit, and the mechanical stress and remaining service life are acquired there.
According to the present invention a method is provided for feeding gas to an additive manufacturing space before and/or during a manufacturing process wherein a gas is fed to the manufacturing space and wherein the mixture gas is Helium or wherein the gas is a gas mixture comprising Helium and 10 Vol-% to 80 Vol-% Argon or 30 Vol-% to 50 Vol-% Argon.
B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
B33Y 50/02 - Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
Systems and methods for enhanced or improved oil recovery includes injecting a Y-Grade NGL enhanced oil recovery fluid through an injection well into a hydrocarbon bearing reservoir to mobilize and displace hydrocarbons. The Y-Grade NGL enhanced oil recovery fluid comprises an unfractionated hydrocarbon mixture. Simultaneously and/or subsequently, a mobility control fluid is injected into the hydrocarbon bearing formation. Hydrocarbons from the hydrocarbon bearing reservoir are produced through a production well or the same injection well.
C09K 8/584 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants
C09K 8/588 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers
C10L 3/06 - Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by , or
E21B 43/16 - Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
C09K 8/58 - Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
The invention relates to a tank (1) for storing a cryogenic fluid (2), in particular for storing liquefied natural gas, comprising an outer tank (5), an inner tank (9) arranged inside the outer tank (5), base insulation (15) arranged between an outer tank base (7) of the outer tank (5) and an inner tank base (11) of the inner tank (9), a liquid-tight first film (24) arranged between the outer tank base (7) and the inner tank base (11), and a gas-tight second film (25) arranged between the first film (24) and the outer tank base (7). The outer tank base (7) and an outer tank wall (6) are produced from concrete and the inner tank (9) is produced from a metal material.
F17C 3/02 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
F17C 13/00 - VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
51.
METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE STRENGTH AND THE SERVICE LIFE OF A PROCESS APPARATUS THROUGH WHICH FLUID FLOWS
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT MÜNCHEN TUM FORTE - FORSCHUNGSFÖRDERUNG UND TECHNOLOGIETRANSFER (Germany)
Inventor
Steinbauer, Manfred
Flüggen, Rainer
Freko, Pascal
Heinz, Paul
Woitalka, Alexander
Haider, Patrick
Mehanovic, Dino
Reiter, Thomas
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for calculating the strength and the service life of a process apparatus through which fluid flows, wherein: temperatures existing at a plurality of different points of the apparatus are measured at a first time point in order to obtain temperature measurement values (201); the temperature measurement values are used as constraints in a finite element method (203) in order to determine mechanical stresses existing at a plurality of different points in the material of the apparatus as stress values (204); the remaining service life of the material of the apparatus is determined from the obtained stress values (205); the remaining service life of the material of the apparatus is determined also in dependence on data regarding the apparatus that were determined at a second time point (207), which second time point is earlier than the first time point.
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
F28F 3/02 - Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
A tank (1) for storing a cryogenic fluid (2), in particular for storing liquid natural gas, having an outer tank (5), an inner tank (9), which is arranged within the outer tank (5), a bottom insulation (15), which is arranged between an outer tank bottom (7) of the outer tank (5) and an inner tank bottom (11) of the inner tank (9), and a liquid-tight sheet (23), which is arranged between the outer tank bottom (7) and the inner tank bottom (11), wherein the sheet (23) is connected to an outer tank wall (6) of the outer tank (5) in an integrally bonded manner.
F17C 3/02 - Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
F17C 13/00 - VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES - Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
53.
METHOD FOR THE LOW-TEMPERATURE SEPARATION OF AIR AND AIR SEPARATION PLANT
The invention relates to a method for obtaining an air product by means of an air separation plant (100), which comprises a rectification column system (10), which has a high-pressure column (11) operated at a first pressure level and a low-pressure column (12) operated at a second pressure level below the first pressure level. According to the invention, a first compressed air stream at a first pressure level and a second compressed air stream at a third pressure level above the first pressure level are provided and are subjected to cooling, the first compressed air stream is fed into the rectification column system (11) and the second compressed air stream, expanded by means of an expansion turbine (5) to the first pressure level, but not to a pressure level lower than the first pressure level, is fed into the rectification column system (11), and a liquid material stream is led out of the rectification column system (10) and, in the liquid state, the pressure of said material stream is increased, and said material stream is converted into the gaseous or supercritical state and is led out of the air separation plant (100) as the at least one air product. The invention is characterized in that the second compressed air stream is fed to the expansion turbine (5), which is used in the expansion of the second compressed air stream to the first pressure level, at a temperature level lying at least 10 K below the critical temperature, that said expansion turbine (5) is operated in such a way that a two-phase mixture is formed at the outlet thereof, which two-phase mixture has, at the outlet, a gas proportion of 5 to 25%, in relation to the whole two-phase mixture, and that no further expansion turbines are used to expand compressed air in the method. The invention further relates to a corresponding air separation plant (100).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
54.
METHOD FOR OPERATING A TEMPERATURE SWING ADSORPTION PLANT AND TEMPERATURE SWING ADSORPTION PLANT
The invention describes a method for operating a temperature swing adsorption plant (10) having three adsorption units (1, 2, 3) which are operated out of phase with respect to one another, respectively in an adsorption phase, then in a feed phase, then in a regeneration phase, then in a flush phase, and then in a cooling phase, wherein in the adsorption phase a first gas mixture at a first temperature is guided over an adsorbent in the adsorption units (1, 2, 3) with obtention of a second gas mixture and adsorption onto the adsorbent of components of the first gas mixture, in the regeneration phase the adsorption units (1, 2, 3) are heated to a second temperature above the first temperature and the components adsorbed by the adsorbent during the adsorption mode are at least partially desorbed, and in the flush phase the components which were desorbed during the regeneration mode and which are present in the adsorption units (1, 2, 3) after the regeneration phase are at least partially flushed using a third gas mixture with obtention of a fourth gas mixture. In the cooling phase, the adsorption units (1, 2, 3) are at least partially cooled to the first temperature. It is provided that, in repeated first operating time periods which alternate with second operating time periods, respectively one of the adsorption units (1, 2, 3) is operated in the adsorption phase at the same time as one of the adsorption units (1, 2, 3) is operated in the flush phase and one of the adsorption units (1, 2, 3) is operated in the feed phase, and during the first operating time periods part of the second gas mixture of the adsorption unit (3) being operated in the flush phase is supplied as the third gas mixture or as part of the third gas mixture and at least part of the fourth gas mixture is supplied to the adsorption unit (1, 2, 3) being operated in the feed phase. The invention also relates to a corresponding temperature swing adsorption plant (100).
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
55.
AIR SEPARATION SYSTEM, METHOD FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SEPARATION OF AIR BY MEANS OF AN AIR SEPARATION SYSTEM, AND METHOD FOR CREATING AN AIR SEPARATION SYSTEM
The invention relates to an air separation system (100) comprising four separation units (1-4) which are connected to one another at least partially by means of lines (5) and/or are connected to one or more further devices (6-8) at least partially by means of lines (5). According to the invention, at least the majority of line sections of the lines (5) running parallel to longitudinal axes (A) of the separation units (1-4) are arranged in a compartment (C) in the form of a separately transportable structural unit, and, when viewed as a layout planfrom above perpendicular toalong the longitudinal axes of the separation units (1-4), the compartment (C) and the separation units (1-4) are arranged in four quadrants (Q1-Q4). The separation units (1-4) are either arranged in a cold box (20) without the compartment (C), which cold box has a recess in the fourth quadrant (Q4) in the layout plan viewwhen viewed from above, in which the compartment (C) is arranged in the layout plan viewwhen viewed from above, or the separation units (1-4) are arranged in a cold box with the compartment (C), which cold box has the rectangular cross-section in the layout plan viewwhen viewed from above, wherein the compartment (C) is arranged in a corner of the cold box in the layout plan viewwhen viewed from above. The invention also relates to a corresponding method for the low-temperature separation of air and a method for creating a corresponding air separation system (100).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
56.
METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR LOW TEMPERATURE SEPARATION OF AIR
The invention relates to a method for low temperature separation of air using an air separating installation having a distillation column system (100) which has a first, a second, a third and a fourth separating unit (110-140). Compressed and cooled air is fed into the first separating unit (110), the first separating unit (110) is operated at a first pressure level of 4 to 9 bar of absolute pressure and the second, the third and the fourth separating units (120-140) are operated at a second pressure level of 1 to 3 bar of absolute pressure. An oxygen-enriched, nitrogen-depleted, argon-containing first sump liquid and a nitrogen-enriched, oxygen-depleted first head gas are formed by means of the first separating unit (110). The first sump liquid is at least partially transferred into the fourth separating unit (130). The first head gas is at least partially liquefied and returned to the first separating unit (110). An oxygen-rich second sump liquid and an argon-enriched second head gas are formed by means of the second separating unit (120). The second head gas is introduced in a first fraction into the third separating unit (130) and in a second fraction into the fourth separating unit (140). At least the predominant part of the argon, which is contained in the quantity of air supplied overall to the distillation column system (100), is separated by means of the third separating unit (130). A liquid return to the second separating unit (120) is provided by means of the third separating unit (130). A fourth sump liquid and a fourth head gas are formed by means of the fourth separating unit (140), and the fourth sump liquid is at least partially returned to the second separating unit (120). The second separating unit (120) has 10 to 50 theoretical plates, the third separating unit (130) has 10 to 60 theoretical plates, the third separating unit (130) is arranged above the second separating unit (120) and the fourth separating unit (140) is arranged adjacent to the first separating unit (110). The third separating unit (130) opens in a lower region with respect to an upper region of the second separating unit (120), or the third separating unit (130) is connected to the second separating unit (120) via pipelines which run between an upper region of the second separating unit (120) and a lower region of the third separating unit (130). The present invention also relates to a corresponding installation (200).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
57.
AIR SEPARATION SYSTEM, METHOD FOR LOW-TEMPERATURE SEPARATION OF AIR, AND METHOD FOR CREATING AN AIR SEPARATION SYSTEM
The invention relates to an air separation system (100-700) comprising four separation units (1-4) in the form of a high-pressure column (1), a base section (2) of a two-part low-pressure column, the top section (3) of the two-part low-pressure column and a single-part argon production column (4), which has a top condenser (5a), wherein the four separation units (1-4) are connected to one another at least partially by means of lines (6) and/or are connected to one or more further devices (7, 8) at least partially by means of lines (6), wherein the lines (6) comprise one or more first lines and multiple second lines, wherein the one or more first lines is/are one or more lines that feed into a top region of the base section (2) of the low-pressure column, and/or a line that feeds into a gas compartment of a top condenser (5a) of the argon production column (4). According to the invention, the top section (3) of the low-pressure column has a smaller cross-section than the base section (2) of the low-pressure column, and vertically running sections of the second lines are accommodated at least partially in a cold box (20a, 40, 40a), which is designed as a column cold box (20a) in which the top section (3) of the low-pressure column is arranged, or designed as a separate line cold box (40, 40a) in which none of the four separation units (1-4) are arranged. The invention also relates to a corresponding method for the low-temperature separation of air and a method for creating a corresponding air separation system (100-700).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
58.
METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR RECOVERING A HELIUM PRODUCT FROM NATURAL GAS BY MEMBRANE UNIT
The present invention relates to a method for recovering a helium product or intermediate product, wherein a first natural gas stream (1) containing helium is supplied to a first natural gas processing unit (10) and at least one second natural gas stream (2) containing helium is supplied to at least one second natural gas processing unit (20), at least the first natural gas processing unit (10) comprising helium recovery means (11) via which the helium product is formed from at least a part of the first natural gas stream (1). According to the present invention, at least temporarily a helium transfer from the at least one second natural gas stream (2) to the first natural gas stream (1) by means of a helium transfer arrangement comprising a membrane unit (30) is performed before the first natural gas stream (1) is provided to the first natural gas processing unit (10) and before the at least one second natural gas stream (2) is provided to the at least one second natural gas processing unit (20), whereby the first natural gas stream (1) is enriched in helium and whereby the at least one second natural gas stream (2) is depleted in helium. A corresponding arrangement (100) for recovering a helium product or intermediate product is also part of the present invention.
B01D 53/22 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by diffusion
The invention relates to a wound heat exchanger (1), comprising a core tube (21) extended along a longitudinal axis (L), and a tube bundle (2), which comprises a plurality of tubes (20) for guiding a first fluid, wherein the tubes (20) are wound in a plurality of turns (23) around the core tube (21), and wherein the tubes (20) are arranged in a plurality of tube layers (22), and wherein the heat exchanger (1) has at least one rib (6) for forming a distance between two pipe layers (22), wherein the rib (6) has a receptacle (30) for arranging an optical waveguide (40) in a direction of longitudinal extension (I) of the rib (6), wherein the optical waveguide (40) is designed to measure a temperature and/or expansion at least at one position of the heat exchanger (1). The invention also relates to a method for producing the wound heat exchanger (1), and to a method for temperature measurement, and to a method for expansion measurement in the wound heat exchanger (1).
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
F28F 27/00 - Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
G01K 11/32 - Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group , , , or using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
60.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MEASURING THE FILL LEVEL OF GAS IN A CYLINDER, METHOD TO CALIBRATE THE SYSTEM AND A METHOD TO DETECT DEFECTS
The invention provides a system for measuring the fill level of gas inside a cylinder. The system comprises an impactor configured to apply an acoustic impact to a cylinder; a sensor configured to detect a response from the cylinder to the acoustic impact and generate a signal indicative thereof; and a computer readable storage medium including data representative of a first response from the cylinder to an acoustic impact when the cylinder is at a first fill level. A processor is provided in communication with the sensor and computer readable storage medium, wherein the processor is configured to: receive the signal from the sensor; compare the signal to the data representative of the first response; and determine a fill level of the cylinder based upon this comparison.
A method and apparatus for cooling a load using liquid nitrogen conveyed in a circuit are provided. Cooled liquid nitrogen is used for cooling the liquid nitrogen conveyed in the circuit. A first proportion of the liquid nitrogen is cooled in an open cooling system and a second proportion is cooled in a closed cooling system using one or more cooling units. The open cooling system and closed cooling system are used for cooling of a power supply having a first end and a second end. The open cooling system is arranged at the first end and the closed cooling system is arranged at the second end. Cooling power is provided in a first time period as a first, smaller amount of total cooling power and in a second time period as a second, higher amount of total cooling power. A first proportion of the amount of total cooling power is provided by means of the open cooling system and a second proportion is provided by means of the closed cooling system. The first proportion in the first time period is set to a lower value than in the second time period.
The invention relates to a heat recovery system (100) for a furnace (102) having one or more burners (101), wherein: a fluid unit (110) is provided for each burner (101) in order to feed a fluid, in particular a burner-specific amount of the fluid, to the burner (101) in question; a burner-specific flue gas channel (120) is provided for each burner (101), which flue gas channel is designed to discharge flue gas, in particular a burner-specific amount of the flue gas, from the furnace (102); at least part of the fluid unit (110) of each burner (101) runs in the burner-specific flue gas channel (120) of the burner (101) in question such that thermal energy of the discharged flue gas in the burner-specific flue gas channel (120) can be transferred to a fluid in the fluid unit (110).
The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1), comprising: a tube bundle (3) having at least one tube (30) for receiving a fluid medium (M), wherein the at least one tube (30) is wound about a core tube (300) which extends along a longitudinal axis (z), and a first tube section (31) of the at least one tube (30) rests against at least one web (10) which extends along the tube core (300); and at least one first bracket element (41) for securing the first tube section (31) to the at least one web (10), the at least one first bracket element (41) having a lower face (41a) which faces the first tube section (31) and rests against the first tube section (31). According to the invention, the at least one first bracket element (41) has at least one first securing region (411) which forms an elevation (400) on an upper face (41b) of the at least one first bracket element (41), said upper face facing away from the lower face (41a), and which forms a depression (401) on the lower face (41a) of the at least one first bracket element (41). The invention additionally relates to a securing system and to a method.
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
B21D 53/02 - Making other particular articles heat exchangers, e.g. radiators, condensers
B21D 9/00 - Bending tubes using mandrels or the like
64.
HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
The present invention pertains to a cryogenic refrigeration system and a corresponding method for increasing the cooling efficiency of the system, preferably the cooling of a thermally coupled load. Accordingly, the system (1) comprises a supply means (2) for providing a supply flow of a cryogenic refrigerant, a compressor (3) fluidly coupled to said supply means (2) and configured to compress the supplied cryogenic refrigerant, and a cold box (10) fluidly coupled to the compressor (3), said cold box (10) comprising a first expansion device (4) and a first heat exchanger (5), wherein the first expansion device (4) is configured to receive the compressed cryogenic refrigerant (20) from the compressor (3) and expand it and provide the expanded refrigerant to the first heat exchanger (5), and wherein the first heat exchanger (5) is configured to be thermally coupled to a load (7). The system furthermore comprises a second heat exchanger (6) arranged in the cold box (10) comprising at least a first and second heat exchanging section (6A, 6B). The first heat exchanging section (6A) is configured to receive the expanded refrigerant (22) from the expansion device (4) and to subsequently provide the received expanded refrigerant (22) to the first heat exchanger (5) and the second heat exchanging section (6B) is configured to receive the expanded refrigerant (24) from the first heat exchanger (5) and to subsequently provide the received expanded refrigerant (24) to the first heat exchanger (5), wherein the first and second heat exchanger section (6A, 6B) are thermally coupled, and wherein the first heat exchanger (5) is configured to provide the received expanded refrigerant (24) to the supply means (2) and/or the compressor (3).
F25B 7/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
F25B 9/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
F25B 9/02 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using vortex effect
F25B 9/06 - Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using expanders
F25B 19/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using evaporation of a refrigerant but without recovery of the vapour
F25B 25/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups
F25B 40/00 - Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
06 - Common metals and ores; objects made of metal
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
Goods & Services
Metal components for gas applications, namely taps, valves
or pressure reducers suitable for use with fuel gases,
cutting gases and protective welding gases, including
combined to form a unit on a panel; metal components for
welding technology, namely pipes and coupling pieces,
distributors, burner heads and nozzles suitable for use with
fuel gases, cutting gases and protective welding gases;
soldering wire and welding rods, included in this class. Machines, namely machines for welding, flame cutting, hard
soldering and heating components of metal, included in this
class; gas-operated welding apparatus; welding guns;
electric apparatus (other than machines) for arc welding and
cutting and parts for the aforesaid apparatus, included in
this class; electric welding guns for arc welding; welding
electrodes; power generators for use in arc welding. Measuring, signalling, checking (supervision) and monitoring
apparatus for gas technology; apparatus and instruments for
switching, regulating and controlling gas flows, with a
pneumatic and electric base; protective clothing for
welders, namely protective goggles, gloves and welding
helmets.
The present invention relates to a gauge reading device (100), comprising a housing (110), attaching means (111) being configured for attaching the housing (110) to the gauge (1), imaging means (120) being configured for imaging the gauge (1) and generating an image thereof, processing means (130) being configured for processing the image of the gauge (1) for determining a gauge measurement value, storing means (140) being configured for storing the determined gauge measurement value, and one-way-transmitting means (140) being configured for providing the stored gauge measurement value to be read out wirelessly by a reading means (200).
The present invention relates to a method and a system for supplying a consumer (1), particularly a primary vaporizer, with cryogenic fluid, wherein the cryogenic fluid is directed from at least one storage container (10, 20), particularly a buffer container, to the consumer (1) via a first connection line (111, 211), which can be controlled by a first valve (101, 201), wherein the head space of the storage container (10, 20) is connected to the atmosphere via a second connection line (112, 212), which can be controlled by a second valve (102, 202), wherein the second valve (102, 202) is opened at least temporarily and wherein gaseous cryogenic fluid is directed from the head space of the storage container (10, 20) via the second connection line (112, 212), which can be controlled by the second valve (102, 202) and which is guided at least in part through the interior of the storage container (10, 20), and cooled by expansion upon opening the second valve (102, 202), the interior of the storage container (10, 20) being cooled by the cooled, expanded cryogenic fluid.
The invention relates to a method and to a device for performing a process (P) having at least one heat-consuming process step (F). A first fluid (2), which arises in the process and contains acid gases and water vapor, is cooled indirectly against a second fluid (7), an acidic condensate thus being formed. The invention is characterized in that the first fluid (2) is cooled in at least two successive steps (E1, E2), between which heat for use in the heat-consuming process step (V) is indirectly drawn from the second fluid (10).
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
The invention relates to a method for operating a heat exchanger (100), which has a heat exchange zone (10), which extends between a first end (11) and a second end (12) and which has a plate stack comprising heat exchange plates (4), wherein a width of the heat exchange plates (4) and a height of the plate stack each equals one third to one fifth the length of the heat exchange plates (4) between the first end (11) and the second end (11). After decommissioning and reaching a temperature-compensated state, fluids, which are each directed through the heat exchange zone (10) at a first quantity per unit of time during normal operation, are first each directed through the first heat exchange zone (10) during restarting, up to a time of increase, at a second quantity per unit of time, which is lower than the first quantity per unit of time, and each directed through the first heat exchange zone (10) at the first quantity per unit of time only starting from the time of increase. The invention further relates to a corresponding arrangement, which is in particular designed as an air processing system.
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
F25J 1/02 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen
F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
70.
TUBE SHEET ARRANGEMENT FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER, HEAT EXCHANGER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TUBE SHEET ARRANGEMENT
The invention relates to a tube sheet arrangement (10) for a heat exchanger (60), said arrangement comprising a tube sheet body (12) and a temperature compensation element (16) having at least one phase change element (24), wherein the temperature compensation element (16) is arranged on the tube sheet body (12) and/or integrated into the tube sheet body (12) such that at least part of the phase change element (24) is in thermal contact with the tube sheet body (12). The invention also relates to a heat exchanger (60) comprising such a tube sheet arrangement (10) and to a method for producing such a tube sheet arrangement (10).
F28F 9/04 - Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
F28D 20/02 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or using latent heat
F28D 7/16 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
71.
TEMPERATURE COMPENSATING ELEMENT, PIPE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PIPE
The invention concerns a temperature compensating element (40) for a pipe (30), wherein the temperature compensating element (40) has at least one phase-change element (20) and can be inserted into the pipe (30) in such a way that the temperature compensating element (40) lies flat against an inside surface (32a) of a pipe casing (32) of the pipe (30) and that the phase-change element (40) is in thermal contact with the pipe (30), and wherein the temperature compensating element (40) forms a through-channel (22) along a running direction (100) of the pipe (30).
The invention relates to a heat exchanger (10) comprising at least one temperature equalization element (22). The at least one temperature equalization element (22) has a casing (28), which forms a cavity (20), and a phase change element (18), the phase change element (18) being situated in the cavity (20) and being in thermal contact with the casing (28). The invention also relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger (10).
F28D 9/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
F28D 20/02 - Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups or using latent heat
F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
73.
TUBE BUNDLE STABILIZATION FOR COILED HEAT EXCHANGERS
The invention relates to a device (1) for use in the production of a tube bundle (3) of a coiled heat exchanger (100), in which tubes (30) in multiple tube layers (4) are coiled around a core tube (300) that extends in an axial direction (z), wherein between the tube layers (4) there are arranged webs (10) running along the axial direction (z). The invention provides that the device (1) has at least one first support structure (20) for holding webs (10) relative to the radial direction (R) of the core tube (300), wherein the at least one first support structure (20) is designed to be secured to a first end section (300b) of the core tube (300), and wherein the at least one support structure (20) surrounds the core tube (300) in a circumferential direction (U) when the at least one first support structure (20) is secured to the core tube (300).
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
B21D 11/06 - Bending into helical or spiral form; Forming a succession of return bends, e.g. serpentine form
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
B21D 53/02 - Making other particular articles heat exchangers, e.g. radiators, condensers
74.
DIRECTED DECOUPLING BETWEEN BUNDLE AND CORE TUBE IN WOUND HEAT EXCHANGERS
The invention relates to a device (1) for use in the production of a tube bundle (3) of a wound heat exchanger (100), wherein tubes (30) are wound in a plurality of tube layers (4) onto a core tube (300) running in an axial direction (z), webs (10) which run in the axial direction (z) being arranged between the tube layers (4). The invention further relates to a method for producing a tube bundle using said device (1).
F28D 7/02 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
B21D 11/06 - Bending into helical or spiral form; Forming a succession of return bends, e.g. serpentine form
B21D 11/22 - Auxiliary equipment, e.g. positioning devices
B21D 53/06 - Making other particular articles heat exchangers, e.g. radiators, condensers of metal tubes
F28F 9/00 - Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
F28F 9/013 - Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
F28D 21/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups
75.
CYLINDER VALVES AND METHODS FOR INHIBITING THE FORMATION OF CONTAMINANTS IN CYLINDERS AND CYLINDER VALVES
A method for inhibiting the formation of carbonyl compounds in a gas cylinder containing carbon monoxide wherein the gas cylinder is in fluid communication with a valve assembly wherein the valve assembly connects to a threaded opening in the gas cylinder by a threaded assembly by coating interior and exterior components of the valve assembly selected from the group consisting of an inlet port, an outlet port, a diaphragm and a lower spindle with an amorphous hydrogenated silicon compound. A valve assembly containing the coated interior and exterior components is also disclosed.
B05B 14/40 - Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
B05B 14/00 - Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
B05B 14/43 - Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths by filtering the air charged with excess material
The invention relates to a method for producing one or more olefins and one or more carboxylic acids, in which one or more paraffins is or are subjected to an oxidative dehydrogenation. For the oxidative dehydrogenation, a reactor (10) having a plurality of reaction zones (11, 12, 13) is used, a gas mixture comprising the one or more paraffins is successively passed through the reaction zones (11, 12, 13), and at least two of the reaction zones (11, 12, 13) are subject to varying temperature influences. The invention also relates to a corresponding system (100).
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 51/215 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by oxidation with molecular oxygen of saturated hydrocarbyl groups
Methods and apparatus for the production of ultra high purity carbon monoxide having a carbon dioxide content of 0.1 ppm or less is disclosed. Carbon dioxide is removed from a product stream using a reversing heat exchanger to freeze the carbon dioxide out of the product stream, This provides the ultra high purity carbon monoxide product which meets the requirements of the electronic industry applications.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
A process for producing ethylene is proposed in which an ethane- and oxygen-containing reaction input is formed and a portion of the ethane and of the oxygen in the reaction input is converted into ethylene and into acetic acid by oxidative dehydrogenation to obtain a process gas, wherein the process gas contains the unconverted portion of the ethane and of the oxygen, the ethylene and the acetic acid and also water and wherein the process gas is subjected to a water quench. It is provided that the water quench comprises introducing the process gas into a scrubbing column (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) into which in at least two different column portions respective aqueous, liquid scrubbing medium streams are introduced and run in countercurrent to the process gas. A corresponding plant (100) likewise forms part of the subject matter of the invention.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
The present invention pertains to a device for controlling a gaseous mixture comprised in a portable enclosure as well as an enclosure comprising such device and a monitoring system comprising at least one corresponding enclosure. Accordingly, a device (1) for controlling a gaseous mixture (2) comprised in a portable enclosure (10) is suggested, which comprises a gas delivery device (3) for the delivery of at least one gaseous component (20, 22) to the gaseous mixture (2) and/or a gas removal device (4) for the removal of at least one gaseous component (20, 22) from the gaseous mixture (2), a gas monitor device (5) configured to detect at least one parameter (50) relating to the gaseous mixture (2), and a control unit (6) in communication with the gas monitor device (5) to receive the detected parameter and configured to determine an information (60) relating to the gaseous mixture (2) based on the received parameter (50). Furthermore, the control unit (6) is configured to actuate the gas delivery device (3) and/or the gas removal device (4) based on the determined information (60) to control the amount of the gaseous component (20, 22) in the gaseous mixture (2).
A23L 3/3418 - Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
A23L 3/3445 - Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with chemicals in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
A method (100) is proposed for the manufacture of benzene, in which a first feedstock mixture is formed, which contains alkylated aromatics and hydrogen, and in which the alkylated aromatics contained in the first feedstock mixture are partially converted with the hydrogen contained in the first feedstock mixture to the benzene through hydrodealkylation (33), thereby obtaining a first product mixture, wherein the first product mixture contains the benzene, the unconverted alkylated aromatics, alkanes with one to three carbon atoms formed in the conversion of the alkylated aromatics to the benzene, and the unconverted hydrogen, and wherein at least a part of the alkanes with one to three carbon atoms and of the hydrogen are separated from the first product mixture, thereby obtaining a light-gas fraction. It is proposed that the hydrogen contained in the first feedstock mixture is provided at least in part with the use of a low-temperature separation (18), to which at least a part of a second product mixture is supplied, wherein the second product mixture is formed at least in part through steam cracking (11) of a second feedstock mixture, and that the light-gas fraction is also supplied at least in part to the low-temperature separation (18). A corresponding plant also forms the subject matter of the invention.
The invention relates to a process for producing an olefin in which a reaction input stream containing at least one paraffin, oxygen and water is formed and in which a portion of the paraffin and of the oxygen in the reaction input stream is converted into the olefin by oxidative dehydrogenation using a catalyst to obtain a process gas, wherein the process gas contains at least the unconverted portion of the paraffin and of the oxygen, the olefin and the water from the reaction input stream. It is provided that at least one parameter which indicates an activity of the catalyst is determined and that an amount of the water in the reaction input stream is adjusted on the basis of the at least one determined parameter. A corresponding plant (100) likewise forms part of the subject matter of the invention.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
A process for producing an olefin having N carbon atoms is proposed in which using a dehydrogenation a process gas is formed which contains at least the olefin having N carbon atoms, a paraffin having N carbon atoms and a hydrocarbon having N−1 carbon atoms and in which using at least a portion of the process gas a separation input is formed which is subjected to a low temperature separation in which the separation input is cooled stepwise over a plurality of temperature levels and condensates are separated from the separation input, wherein the condensates are at least partly subjected to a first low temperature rectification to obtain a first gas fraction and a first liquid fraction, wherein the first gas fraction contains at least the olefin having N carbon atoms in a lower proportion than in the condensates and the hydrocarbon having N−1 in a higher proportion than in the condensates. It is provided that the first gas fraction is at least partly subjected to a second low temperature rectification using a liquid reflux containing predominantly or exclusively the hydrocarbon having N−1 carbon atoms in which the first gas fraction undergoes depletion in the olefin having N carbon atoms. A corresponding plant (100) likewise forms part of the subject matter of the invention.
C07C 5/48 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
Goods & Services
Gases for drawing liquids and beverages, in particular beers, in particular gases containing carbonic acid gas and nitrogen; Gases to influence taste while drawing beverages, in particular beers.
84.
METHOD FOR OBTAINING ONE OR MORE AIR PRODUCTS AND AIR SEPARATION SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for obtaining one or more air products using an air separation system (100) comprising a rectifying column system (14-17) which has a high-pressure column (14) and a low-pressure column (15), as well as comprising a main heat exchanger (9) and a main air compressor, wherein all the air supplied to the rectifying column system (10-17) is compressed to a first pressure level in the main air compressor (1), and the high-pressure column (15) is operated at a second pressure level, which is at least 3 bar below the first pressure level, and a gaseous nitrogen-rich fluid is removed from the high-pressure column (15) at the second pressure level and heated in a gaseous state without a prior liquefaction. According to the invention, a first partial amount of the gaseous nitrogen-rich fluid is heated, supplied to a booster (12) at this temperature level, and further compressed to a third pressure level using the booster (12). In the invention, a temperature level from -50 to 0 °C is used as the first temperature level and, after being compressed to the third pressure level, the first partial amount is heated to a second temperature level above the first pressure level and permanently discharged from the air separation system (100). In addition, in the invention, a second partial amount of the gaseous nitrogen-rich fluid is heated to the first temperature level together with the first partial amount, supplied to the booster (12) at this temperature level, and further compressed to the third pressure level using the booster (12). After being compressed to the third pressure level, the second partial amount is at least temporarily cooled down to a third temperature level below the first temperature level, then depressurised to the second pressure level, and supplied back into the high-pressure column (15). The invention also relates to a corresponding air separation system (100).
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
The invention relates to a lubricant for a cleaning device (10) of a heat exchanger (13), containing at least 30% polytetrafluoroethylene, at least 0.5% graphite and at least 0.5% molybdenum disulfide. The invention further relates to a use of the lubricant for a cleaning device (10) of a heat exchanger (10) and to a heat exchanger.
F28D 7/10 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
C10M 169/04 - Mixtures of base-materials and additives
86.
DRIVE APPARATUS FOR A CLEANING APPARATUS FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER
The invention relates to a drive apparatus for a cleaning apparatus (10) for a cylinder tube of a heat exchanger (13, 212). The drive apparatus has a lead screw (3), which is designed to be arranged in the cylinder tube in an axial direction (100) coaxially to the cylinder tube of the heat exchanger (13) and to move a cleaning element (12) in the cylinder tube in the axial direction (100) by means of rotation. The drive apparatus also comprises a coupling element (30, 210) having a first rotor (32) and a second rotor (34) coupled to the first rotor (32), wherein the first rotor (32) can be connected to the lead screw (3) in a mechanically rigid manner and to the cylinder tube in a fluid-tight and/or pressure-tight manner, and wherein the second rotor (34) can be mechanically connected to a drive element (208), such that the lead screw is rotatable by the drive element (208) via the second rotor and the first rotor. The invention also relates to a cleaning apparatus (10) and a heat exchanger (13).
B08B 9/045 - Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes the cleaning devices being rotated while moved
F28G 1/08 - Non-rotary, e.g. reciprocated, appliances having scrapers, hammers, or cutters, e.g. rigidly mounted
F28G 15/04 - Feeding or driving arrangements, e.g. power operation
F28G 15/08 - Locating position of cleaning appliances within conduits
F28D 7/10 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
A01C 23/00 - Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
C02F 1/66 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage pH adjustment
01 - Chemical and biological materials for industrial, scientific and agricultural use
07 - Machines and machine tools
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
11 - Environmental control apparatus
Goods & Services
Gases for industrial, general technical, leisure and commercial purposes, in particular compressed gases and gas mixtures and gases in liquefied or dissolved form; Chemical products and liquids, in particular refrigerants, Coolants, liquids proper for cooling purposes, cryogenic liquid gases; Chemical agents for welding technology and soldering technology, in particular anti-spray agents and brazing fluxes. Machines and mechanical apparatus, included in class 7, namely those for autogenous welding and cutting, arc welding and torch cutting, brazing and joining of metals; valves for use as parts of these machines; cutting and abrasion machines and parts of such machines; electrodes and wires for electric arc welding. Measuring, signalling, regulating and controlling apparatus and instruments for gases; protective clothing for protection against accidents in an industrial environment; Welding gloves; Welding helmets and welding masks. Apparatus for steam generation and gas preparation; gas generators and apparatus for producing process gas from gases stored as cryogenic liquid; Gas regulators, gas regulation systems and gas panels; regulating and safety accessories for gas supply apparatus and gas pipes in general, in particular measuring, switching, regulating, pressure adjustment and safety components; burners and burner tool kits.
The invention relates to a method for producing a synthesis product. An electrolysis raw product which contains at least carbon dioxide and water is formed and is subjected to a co-electrolysis process, thereby obtaining a raw gas which contains at least carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. The invention is characterized in that at least part of the carbon monoxide contained in the raw gas and at least part of the carbon dioxide contained in the raw gas are supplied to one or more hydroformylation reactors and subjected to a hydroformylation process, thereby obtaining one or more hydroformylation products. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding system (100, 200).
The invention relates to a method for depicting a positioning line (40) in a space, wherein two laser beams (10, 20) from different directions are guided together at an intersection point (30), and said positioning line (40) is generated in the space by displacing said intersection point (30).
G01C 15/00 - Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups
G02B 27/22 - Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects
H04N 13/39 - Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume the picture elements emitting light at places where a pair of light beams intersect in a transparent material
91.
METHOD FOR TREATING A SULPHIDE-CONTAINING WASTE LYE
The invention relates to a method for treating a sulphide-containing waste lye from a caustic treatment, in which method the waste lye and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture are fed to an oxidation reactor (10) and subjected therein to wet oxidation, wherein steam is fed into the oxidation reactor (10). According to the invention, an oxidation reactor (10) is used comprising a number of chambers (11-19), of which a first chamber (11) has a larger volume than a second chamber (12), wherein the waste lye and the oxygen or the oxygen-containing gas mixture is fed to the first chamber (11), fluid flowing out of the first chamber (11) is transferred to the second chamber (12), a steam quantity and/or steam temperature of the steam fed into the oxidation reactor (10) is controlled using a control device (TIC), and at least part of the steam fed into the oxidation reactor (10) is fed into the first chamber (11) and into the second chamber (12). The invention also relates to a corresponding system (100) and a corresponding oxidation reactor (10).
The invention relates to a method for treating a waste liquor of a caustic wash using an oxidation reactor (100), wherein the waste liquor and oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture are fed into the oxidation reactor (100) and vapour is introduced into the oxidation reactor (100). According to the invention, the vapour is introduced at least partially by means of a vapour-feeding device (10) comprising a cylindrical section (11) with a central axis (12) and a wall (13), wherein the central axis (12) is vertically oriented, a plurality of groups of openings (14) are embodied in the wall, each of the groups comprises a plurality of the openings (14), and the plurality of openings (14) of each of the groups is arranged in at least one plane (15) which is/are each oriented perpendicularly to the central axis (12). The invention further relates to a corresponding system and to a corresponding oxidation reactor (100).
The invention relates to a method for treating a waste liquor of a caustic wash, in which the waste liquor along with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture and vapour is supplied to an oxidation unit (1) and is subjected therein to a wet oxidation for a reaction time at a first temperature level and a first pressure level, wherein a three-phase component mixture comprising a gas phase, a liquid phase and solid particles is extracted from the oxidation unit (1) and subjected to a cooling process and a phase separation. According to the invention, the three-phase component mixture in the unchanged composition is first decompressed from a first pressure level to a second pressure level and thereby cooled to a second temperature level, and the three-phase component mixture decompressed to the second pressure level and cooled to the second temperature level is then subjected at least partially to another cooling process to reach a third temperature level and thereafter a phase separation. The invention also relates to a corresponding system.
A disadvantage with helium supply containers in an ISO system is the inability to measure or predict the container temperature. Direct measurements are not possible and downstream measurements are considered inaccurate because of potential leak of heat into the ISO system. The invention is a method and device for supplying helium to at least one end user from at least one container of helium to an end user through at least one supply system, additional pressurization helium gas to the at least one container, wherein a mass flow meter and a pressure transmitter, in electronic communication with a programmable logic controller measures an amount of helium being supplied to the at least one user, provides the amount to the programmable logic controller which provides a signal to the at least one end user of an amount of helium that remains in the at least one container and the temperature therein.
The invention relates to a method for producing a gas product which contains at least carbon monoxide, wherein an electrolysis raw product which contains at least carbon dioxide is formed and is subjected to a low-temperature electrolysis process, thereby obtaining a raw gas which contains at least carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, and the electrolysis raw product is formed from at least part of a starting mixture which contains carbon dioxide using a first carbon dioxide separation process, and/or the gas product is formed from at least part of the raw gas using a second carbon dioxide separation process. The waste heat of the low-temperature electrolysis process is discharged out of the low-temperature electrolysis process using a heat pump and is at least partly transferred to the first and/or second carbon dioxide separation process. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding system (100).
The invention relates to a method for operating a heat exchanger (10) which has a first exchange zone (1) with a first end (11) and a second end (12), a second exchange zone (2) with a first end (21) and a second end (22), and a separation zone (3) between the first end (11) of the first exchange zone (1) and the second end (12) of the second exchange zone (2). The respective heat conductivity between the first end (11) and the second end (12) of the first exchange zone (2) and between the first end (11) and the second end (12) of the second exchange zone (2) is higher than the heat conductivity of the separation zone (13) between the second end (11) of the first exchange zone (1) and the first end of the second exchange zone (2). In a first operating mode, the temperature of the first end (11) of the first exchange zone (1) is controlled to a first temperature level, and the temperature of the second end (12) of the second exchange zone (2) is controlled to a second temperature level below the first temperature level by conducting fluids through the first exchange zone (1) and the second exchange zone (2). The first operating mode is interrupted by a second operating mode in which the conduction of the fluid through the first exchange zone (1) and the second exchange zone (2) is prevented. According to the invention, the fluids being conducted through the first exchange zone (1) and the second exchange zone (2) in the first operating mode comprise pressurized dry air and at least one air product cryogenically formed using the pressurized dry air. The second operating mode is interrupted and the first operating mode or another operating mode is initiated as soon as a variable exceeds or falls below a specified value, said variable characterizing a heat transfer occurring between the first end (11) and the second end (12) of the first exchange zone (1) and/or between the first end (21) and the second end (22) of the second exchange zone (2) after the second operating mode is initiated. The invention likewise relates to a corresponding assembly.
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
F25B 1/00 - Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
F25J 1/00 - Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
F25J 5/00 - Arrangements of cold-exchangers or cold-accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
97.
Method for cryogenic separation of air, and air separation plant
A method for cryogenic separation of air uses an air separation plant, wherein, in a mass transfer column, a liquid first fluid and a gaseous second fluid are subjected to mass transfer with one another. A gaseous third fluid is removed from the column and is at least partly discharged from the air separation plant. A liquid fourth fluid is removed from the column and is at least partly fed into a low-pressure column. The first fluid is formed using at least a part of an oxygen-rich liquid removed from the low-pressure column. The second fluid is formed using an oxygen-enriched liquid removed from a high-pressure column. The oxygen-enriched liquid removed from the high-pressure column and bottom liquid of the mass transfer column are mixed and partly evaporated in a condenser-evaporator. A liquid fifth fluid is removed from the mass transfer column between a feed point for the first fluid and a feed point for the oxygen-enriched liquid, and is at least partly fed into the low-pressure column. The fifth fluid or a fraction thereof is fed into the low-pressure column below the fourth fluid or a fraction thereof.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
F25J 3/04 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
98.
METHOD FOR THE ADDITIVE MANUFACTURE OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL, MEMBRANE-LIKE METALLIC COMPONENT, AND COMPONENT OF THIS TYPE
The invention relates to a method for the additive manufacture of a three-dimensional, membrane-like component. This method comprises the following steps: - providing a metallic starting material, - melting the starting material using a heat source to form a component layer, - repeating the above steps. The method according to the invention is characterised in that at least one step is provided in which pores are formed in at least one component layer so that at least one region of the component has membrane-like properties.
B01D 67/00 - Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
B29C 64/00 - Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
B29C 64/153 - Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
99.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR REMOVING NITROGEN FROM NATURAL GAS
Methods and systems for producing a product natural gas employing a natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery unit followed by removing nitrogen in a nitrogen rejection unit (NRU) operatively connected with the NGL recovery unit by a pressure management sub- system (PMSS). In one embodiment, the PMSS includes a first conduit fluidly connecting the top of a demethanizer column (or an existing conduit connected to the top of the demethanizer) to a separator, a second conduit fluidly connecting the separator to a pump, the pump connected to a distillation column in the NRU by a third conduit, in another embodiment, the PMSS includes a first conduit fluidly connecting an NGL expander to a separator, allowing natural gas vapors and nitrogen to be fed to the NRU column through a second conduit. Alternatively, the PMSS allows mixture from the NGL recovery unit expander to be fed directly via the first conduit to the NRU distillation column.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
F25J 3/08 - Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures
100.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR REMOVING NITROGEN FROM NATURAL GAS
Methods and systems for producing a product natural gas employing a natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery unit followed by removing nitrogen in a nitrogen rejection unit (NRU) operatively connected with the NGL recovery unit by a pressure management sub- system (PMSS). In one embodiment, the PMSS includes a first conduit fluidly connecting the top of a demethanizer column (or an existing conduit connected to the top of the demethanizer) to a separator, a second conduit fluidly connecting the separator to a pump, the pump connected to a distillation column in the NRU by a third conduit, in another embodiment, the PMSS includes a first conduit fluidly connecting an NGL expander to a separator, allowing natural gas vapors and nitrogen to be fed to the NRU column through a second conduit. Alternatively, the PMSS allows mixture from the NGL recovery unit expander to be fed directly via the first conduit to the NRU distillation column.
F25J 3/02 - Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
C07C 7/09 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by fractional condensation
F25J 3/08 - Separating gaseous impurities from gases or gaseous mixtures
