A method of producing glycidyl nitrate comprises reacting a glycerol solution and nitric acid in a microfluidic reactor to form a dinitroglycerol solution. The glycerol solution exhibits a viscosity of less than or equal to about 150 cP at about 20 C. The dinitroglycerol solution is reacted with a base in the microfluidic reactor to form glycidyl nitrate. Related systems and methods are also disclosed.
A method of making a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is provided. The method comprises depositing a functional resist material layer over a substrate, disposing and pressing a stamp with a plurality of nanopatterns into the functional resist material for a period of time, and removing the stamp from the functional resist material to provide nanofeatures that are inverted versions of the nanopatterns, wherein the nanofeatures form one or more optical elements.
G02B 6/12 - Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
B82Y 20/00 - Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
B82Y 40/00 - Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
G02B 6/13 - Integrated optical circuits characterised by the manufacturing method
H01L 21/70 - Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in or on a common substrate or of specific parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of specific parts thereof
3.
INLET MANIFOLD FOR A LAMINAR GAS FLOW IN A LASER POWDER BED FUSION SYSTEM
An inlet manifold is for use in a laser powder bed fusion system having a build platform for carrying a powder bed and a pump or blower for supplying a gas flow in a direction relative to a surface of the build platform. The inlet manifold is made of a gas flow guide structure having a gas flow inlet to receive the gas flow and being comprised of a plurality of stacked gas flow guides, each being defined by top and bottom guide plates oriented downwards at an angle A relative to the direction of the gas flow for guiding the gas flow downwards towards a gas flow outlet. At least some of the top and the bottom guide plates have upwardly curved ends at the gas flow outlet to redirect the gas flow to be substantially parallel to the surface of the build platform.
B22F 12/00 - Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
A tool for forming a composite structure may include two or more segments (102,104) formed from a polymer material. The tool may further include a crush insert (106) disposed between the two or more segments. The tool may also include a support shaft coupled between the two or more segments. A method of forming a mandrel may include forming segments of the mandrel through an additive manufacturing process. The method may further include assembling the segments relative to one another. The method may also include positioning a crush insert between each of the segments. A method of fabricating a composite structure is also disclosed.
B29C 33/48 - SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING - Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling
B33Y 80/00 - Products made by additive manufacturing
An electrical connector system includes a first connector comprising first contacts and a plurality of contact guides associated with the respective first contacts. The system also includes a second connector comprising second contacts configured to slide between a respective one of the contact guides and a respective one of the first contacts in response to joining the first and second connectors as a mated pair. Each respective contact guide provides contact pressure to a first surface of the respective one of the second contacts to provide a biasing force of the second contact onto the first contact to electrically couple a second surface of the respective one of the second contacts opposite the first side to an adjoining surface of the respective one of the first contacts to conduct a signal between the respective one of each of the first and second contacts.
H01R 13/629 - Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure
H01R 24/38 - Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts
H01R 13/639 - Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together after engagement
Systems and methods are described herein for determining an optimized flight route for an aerial vehicle. In some examples, weather conditions for the aerial vehicle during a flight can be predicted based on weather data. At least two flight route segments based on the predicted weather data can be determined. The at least two flight route segments can include one of a solar flight route segment and a thermal flight route segment. A respective flight route segment of the at least two flight route segments can be discarded that can cause the aerial vehicle to violate a flight constraint. A replacement flight route segment for the respective discarded flight route segment can be determined. An optimized flight route for the aerial vehicle can be generated based on the replacement flight route segment and at least one remaining flight route segment of the at least two flight route segments.
One example includes a switch system. The system includes a first signal port and a second signal port. The system also includes a first switching path arranged between the first and second signal ports. The first switching path includes at least one first switch and at least one of the at least one first switch being configured as a high-speed switching device. The system further includes a second switching path arranged between the first and second signal ports in parallel with the first switching path. The second switching path includes at least one second switch and at least one of the at least one second switch being configured as a high performance switching device.
H03K 17/0416 - Modifications for accelerating switching without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit
8.
SERVO-STABILIZED PHASE DEMODULATED FIBER AMPLIFIER SYSTEM
A fiber laser amplifier system including a non-linear fiber amplifier receiving a seed beam and a pump beam, where the amplifier amplifies the seed beam using the pump beam to provide an output beam having a carrier spectrum. A beam sampler samples off a sample beam from the output beam, a filter receives the sample beam and filters out the carrier spectrum from the sample beam, a photodetector detects beam power of the filtered sample beam and provides a beam power signal, and a controller receives the beam power signal, where the controller controls one or more of an FM drive signal, an AM drive signal and a pump beam to change seed beam FM modulation, seed beam AM modulation and/or pump power in a manner that reduces the beam power of the filtered sample beam and thus beam power outside of the carrier spectrum.
One embodiment includes an electrometer system. The system includes a sensor cell comprising alkali metal atoms within, and an optical beam system configured to provide at least one optical beam through the sensor cell to provide a first Rydberg energy state of the alkali metal atoms, the at least one optical beam exiting the sensor cell as a detection beam. The system also includes a tuning signal generator configured to generate a tuning signal having a predetermined tuning frequency to adjust an energy difference between the first Rydberg energy state and a second Rydberg energy state of the alkali metal atoms. The system further includes a detection system configured to monitor the detection beam to detect an external signal having a frequency that is approximately equal to the energy difference between the first Rydberg energy state and the second Rydberg energy state based on monitoring the detection beam.
One embodiment includes an electrometer system. The system includes a sensor cell comprising alkali metal atoms within, and a probe laser configured to generate a probe beam, the probe beam being provided through the sensor cell. The system also includes a coupling laser configured to generate a coupling beam. The coupling beam can be provided through the sensor cell to combine with the probe beam provided through the sensor cell to provide a Rydberg energy state of the alkali metal atoms, the probe beam exiting the sensor cell as a detection beam. The system further includes a sensor control system configured to monitor the detection beam to detect an external signal based on monitoring a phase of the detection beam.
One embodiment includes a vapor cell for an atomic physics-based sensor system. The vapor cell includes a cell wall formed from an approximately transparent material. The cell wall can enclose an alkali metal vapor and can include an inner surface and an outer surface. The vapor cell can also include at least one structural feature provided on at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface of the cell wall and extending along a portion of the respective at least one of the inner surface and the outer surface.
G01R 33/26 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using optical pumping
12.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR MANEUVERING AN AERIAL VEHICLE DURING ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS
A machine learning maneuver model can be programmed to generate maneuver data identifying a plurality of flight paths for maneuvering an aerial vehicle through an adverse weather condition and a flight path confidence score for each flight path of the plurality of flight paths based on at least weather sensor data characterizing the adverse weather condition. The flight path confidence score can be indicative of a probability of successfully maneuvering the aerial vehicle through the adverse weather condition according to a respective flight path. A maneuver decision engine can be programmed to evaluate each flight path confidence score for each flight path relative to a flight path confidence threshold to identify a given flight path of the plurality of flight paths through the adverse weather condition that poses a least amount of structural risk to the aerial vehicle.
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
G05D 1/228 - Command input arrangements located on-board unmanned vehicles
G05D 1/249 - from positioning sensors located off-board the vehicle, e.g. from cameras
13.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR OUTPUT BIASING OF A MACHINE LEARNING RECOMMENDATION ENGINE
In some examples, systems and methods are described for output biasing maneuvers recommendations provided by at least one machine learning maneuver recommendation (MLM) engine executing on an aerial vehicle. In some examples, output biasing data can be received that includes at least one risk tuning parameter that can influence which of the maneuver recommendations are selected by a maneuver decision engine executing on the aerial vehicle based on a maneuver confidence threshold for implementation by the aerial vehicle. The maneuver confidence threshold can be updated based on the at least one risk tuning parameter to provide an updated maneuver confidence threshold for the output biasing of the maneuvers recommendation provided by the at least one MLM engine. Vehicle command data for implementing a given maneuver recommendation can be outputted based on an evaluation of the updated maneuver confidence threshold.
Systems and methods for machine-learning-based aircraft (102) icing (204, 212, 222) prediction use supervised and unsupervised learning (328) to process real-time environmental data, such as onboard measurements of outside air temperature and dew point (222), to predict a risk of icing (204, 212, 222) and determine whether to issue an icing (204, 212, 222) risk alert (312) to an onboard crew member or a remote operator, and/or to recommend an icing avoidance maneuver (214). The systems and methods can use reinforcement learning (512) to generate a confidence metric in the predicted risk of icing (204, 212, 222), to determine a time or distance to predicting icing (204, 212, 222), and/or to not issue an alert (312) or recommend a maneuver (214) in consideration of historical data in a "library of learning" and/or other flight (202) data such as airspeed, altitude, time of year, and weather conditions. The predictive systems and methods are low-cost and low-power, do not require onboard weather radar, and can be effective for use in smaller aircraft (102) that are completely icing-intolerant.
A ground-based computing system receives data of performance parameters for like components disposed on like aircraft, and determines corresponding levels of degradation and rates of change of degradation for the respective like components. A fleet-level of degradation for groups of like components is generated based on analysis of the combined degradations of the like components in the respective group. At least one of a remaining useful lifetime (RUL) and a state-of-health (SOH) for each of the respective like components is determined based on a comparison of the levels of degradation for each of the like components and the fleet-level of degradation of the group of like components. A predicted time for maintenance for each like component is determined based on the corresponding at least one of the RUL and SOH of the like component, thereby enabling cost effective maintenance determinations for components based on a fleet- level information.
A flexible solar array for extraterrestrial deployment and a method of manufacturing such a flexible solar array are disclosed. A power generating layer, a durable layer, and an ultraviolet radiation blocking layer are disposed such that durable layer is between the power generating layer and the ultraviolet radiation blocking layer.
A diverter/mixing valve is provided that includes a main outer housing and a barrel assembly disposed inside the main outer housing. When actuated, an actuator rotates the barrel assembly between an open end inlet position where a first fluid stream flows into a first inlet port and a second fluid stream is blocked from flowing into a second inlet port, and an open side inlet position where the second fluid stream flows into the second inlet port and the first fluid stream is blocked from flowing into the first inlet port.
F16K 5/02 - Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor
F16K 11/076 - Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves; Arrangement of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluid with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves with pivoted closure members with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution
F16K 11/083 - Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves; Arrangement of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluid with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with tapered plug
F16K 11/085 - Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves; Arrangement of valves and flow lines specially adapted for mixing fluid with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with cylindrical plug
One example includes a superconducting current control system. The system includes an inductive coupler comprising a load inductor and a control inductor. The inductive coupler can be configured to inductively provide a control current from the control inductor to a superconducting circuit device based on a load current being provided through the load inductor. The system also includes a current control element comprising a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) array comprising a plurality of SQUIDs. The current control element can be coupled to the inductive coupler to control an amplitude of the load current through the load inductor, and thus to control an amplitude of the control current to the superconducting circuit device.
G01R 33/035 - Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using superconductive devices
G01R 33/00 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
G01R 33/12 - Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
A deicing apparatus for aircraft comprises a passive vortex tube (30) adapted to be mounted at a location at or adjacent a component of an aircraft and adapted to heat the component. A deicing method is also disclosed.
A high-bandwidth underwater electrical connector is provided that includes first and second connectors each having free space optical transceivers. The electrical connector further includes self-passivating transition metal contacts that form a non-conductive outer layer when immersed in a fluid. The first and second free space optical transceivers transmit and receive data at high data speeds.
Ring packet built-in self-test (PBIST) circuitry configured to detect errors in wires connecting a ring of superconducting chips includes circuitry configured to make the PBIST immune to interchip latency and still allow the PBIST to test a stop-to-stop connection. By making a PBIST independent of latency, an entire ring can be characterized for latency and for its bit-error rate prior to running any functional test. Such systems and associated methods can be scaled to larger platforms having any number of ring stops. The PBIST circuitry can function as either transmitter or receiver, or both, to test an entire ring. The PBIST can also be used to tune clocks in the ring to achieve the lowest overall bit error rate (BER) in the ring.
Vehicle capture assemblies and related devices, systems, and methods include one or more probe assemblies for engaging with and securing the target vehicle. The one or more probe assemblies may include one or more attenuation features or movable joints.
Vehicle capture assemblies and related devices, systems, and methods include one or more probe assemblies for passively engaging with and securing the target vehicle.
One example includes a superconducting latch system (50). The system includes a first input stage (52) configured to receive a first input pulse and a second input stage (54) configured to receive a second input pulse. The system also includes a storage loop (60) configured to switch from a first state to a second state in response to receiving the first input pulse, and to switch from the second state to the first state in response to the second input pulse. The first state corresponds to no flux in the storage loop and the second state corresponds to a flux in the storage loop. The system further includes an output stage (62) configured to generate an output pulse (PLSout) in the second state of the storage loop.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
25.
AERIAL VEHICLE HAVING ANTENNA ASSEMBLIES, ANTENNA ASSEMBLIES, AND RELATED METHODS AND COMPONENTS
An aerial vehicle includes a body and an antenna assembly mounted to the body. The antenna assembly includes a fairing component comprising a hollow body, a conductive coating formed on at least an inner surface of the fairing component, a plurality of antenna elements formed in the conductive coating, each antenna element including a first slot line defining a first transmission line and a second slot line defining a second transmission line, an insulator sleeve disposed within the fairing component, wherein an outer surface of the insulator sleeve at least substantially matches an inner surface of the fairing component, and a plurality of cable assemblies operably coupled to the plurality of antenna elements, wherein each cable assembly is coupled to a respective antenna element.
H01R 24/40 - Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts specially adapted for high frequency
F42B 15/34 - Protection against overheating or radiation, e.g. heat shields; Additional cooling arrangements
H01Q 1/02 - Arrangements for de-icing; Arrangements for drying-out
H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
One example includes a signal connector system. The system includes a first connector comprising a first housing and first contacts formed from a self-passivating transition metal and configured to conduct an AC signal. The system also includes a second connector comprising a second housing and second contacts formed from the self-passivating transition metal and configured to electrically couple to a respective one of the first contacts to conduct the AC signal. The first and second housings can be coupled to enclose the signal connector and to create at least one fluid-filled channel between each of the electrically-connected first and second contact pairs in response to fastening the first and second connectors while submerged in a respective fluid to provide a resistive path in the at least one fluid-filled channel for providing signal isolation between each of the electrically-connected first and second contact pairs.
H01R 13/03 - Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating or coating materials
H01R 13/193 - Means for increasing contact pressure at the end of engagement of coupling part
H01R 13/514 - Bases; Cases formed as a modular block or assembly, i.e. composed of co-operating parts provided with contact members or holding contact members between them
H01R 13/533 - Bases or cases made for use in extreme conditions, e.g. high temperature, radiation, vibration, corrosive environment, pressure
A high-voltage underwater electrical connector is provided that includes first and second connectors each having a positive contact and a negative contact. The electrical connector further includes an auxiliary electrode made from a conductive material electrically connected to the first positive contact. A voltage limiting circuit electrically connects the auxiliary electrode to the positive contact. A high resistance water pathway is created between the auxiliary electrode and the negative contacts when the first and second connectors are mated while immersed in water or other corrosive environments.
An exemplary method implemented by a computing system determines a prediction of degradation of components in a complex vehicle to enable cost effective maintenance and enhance vehicle operational availability (vehicle readiness for missions) based on currently measured performance-based parameters associated with the respective components. Residues from models of the components reflect differences between performance as determined by the models of the components and currently measured actual performance parameters. The residues are used determine a level of degradation and a rate of change of degradation for the respective components. The remaining useful life (RUL) of the respective components is the projected/predicted time of remaining acceptable performance of the respective component, and is based on the current degradation level, the rate of change of degradation, and a stored threshold level of degradation that is a maximum amount of degradation that is acceptable.
An electrical connector includes an electrically insulating body and a self-passivating contact held at a higher voltage than a non-passivating contact. The self-passivating contact includes a first electrically conductive material that forms an electrically insulating passivation layer when exposed to water or other aggressive environment. The non-passivating contact includes a second electrically conductive material that is unreactive when exposed to water or other aggressive environment. The passivation layer on the self-passivating contact prevents electric current from flowing between the self-passivating contact and the non-passivating contact through the water or other aggressive environment.
One embodiment includes an electrometer system that includes a sensor cell and a probe laser to generate a probe beam directed through the sensor cell in a first direction and exiting the sensor cell as a detection beam. The system also includes a coupling laser to generate a coupling beam directed through the sensor cell collinearly and anti-parallel with the probe beam. The system also includes a reference signal generator configured to generate a reference signal having a predetermined polarization and a predetermined frequency through the sensor cell. The system further includes a detection system configured to monitor the detection beam to determine a frequency and a vector component of an external signal based on an intensity of the detection beam and based on the predetermined polarization and the predetermined frequency of the reference signal.
G01R 33/26 - Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance for measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using optical pumping
31.
FIBER AMPLIFIER SYSTEM RESISTANT TO NONLINEAR SPECTRAL BROADENING AND DECOHERENCE
A method for reducing nonlinear frequency shifts and suppressing stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a fiber laser amplifier system. The method includes providing a seed beam having a certain wavelength and frequency modulating the seed beam with an RF waveform to spectrally broadening the seed beam, where the RF waveform is a relatively slow-speed waveform having a large modulation depth. The method also includes amplifying the frequency modulated seed beam with an amplifier having a large nonlinear phase shift and exhibiting frequency modulation (FM) to amplitude modulation (AM) conversion, where the modulation depth is much larger than the nonlinear phase shift of the amplifier.
H01S 3/10 - Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
H01S 3/30 - Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
An antenna system includes: an antenna, the antenna configured to combine the feed elements to form a high gain element beam (HGEB), the system further configured to combine the HGEBs to form a large coverage beam; and a feed array configured to transfer a signal to the antenna, the feed array being defocused from a focal plane of the antenna by a defocus distance, the feed array comprising a number N of feed elements.
H01Q 3/40 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with phasing matrix
H01Q 5/45 - Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device
H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
H01Q 3/20 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is fixed and the reflecting device is movable
H01Q 19/17 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
H01Q 19/19 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
An antenna system includes: an antenna, the antenna configured to combine the feed elements to form a high gain element beam (HGEB), the system further configured to combine the HGEBs to form a large coverage beam; and a feed array configured to transfer a signal to the antenna, the feed array being defocused from a focal plane of the antenna by a defocus distance, the feed array comprising a number N of feed elements.
H01Q 3/40 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with phasing matrix
H01Q 5/45 - Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device
H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
H01Q 3/20 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device wherein the primary active element is fixed and the reflecting device is movable
H01Q 19/17 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
H01Q 19/19 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
A qubit assembly includes a first superconducting loop comprising a first Josephson junction and a second Josephson junction, a second superconducting loop comprising the second Josephson junction and a third Josephson junction, and a third superconducting loop comprising the third Josephson junction and a fourth Josephson junction. A flux source is configured to provide a control flux to the second superconducting loop, such that the effective commutation relations between a first quantum operator corresponding to current in the first superconducting loop and a second quantum operator corresponding to current in the third superconducting loop can be changed by changing a magnitude of the control flux provided to the second superconducting loop by the flux source.
Electrical connectors and methods for making electrical connections in an electrolytic environment are provided. An electrical connector is disclosed for supplying power in an electrolytic environment, for example for supplying power in underwater applications. The connector includes first and second mating contacts, each of which is coated with an electrically conductive material that includes a transition metal capable of forming a non- conductive passivation layer in an electrolytic environment. Each contact includes a substrate covered by the electrically conductive coating. The substrate may be formed of a material that is not capable of forming a non-conductive passivation layer in the electrolytic environment. The substrate material for each contact may be conductive or non-conductive, and may have different material properties than the electrically conductive coating.
A non-reciprocal band pass filter including a transmission line having a plurality of repeating finite size unit cells, where each unit cell has a predetermined length and includes an inductor and a varactor. The filter also includes a signal source providing a transmission signal that propagates on the transmission line, and a modulation source providing a modulation signal that modulates the varactor. A ratio between the predetermined length of the unit cells and a frequency of the modulation signal is selected to provide propagation modes that allow the transmission signal to propagate along the transmission line in one direction in a controlled pass band, but prevent the transmission signal from propagating along the transmission line in the opposite direction in the controlled pass band.
H03H 7/52 - One-way transmission networks, i.e. unilines
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
37.
METHODS FOR LARGE ANGLE FIELD OF VIEW SCANNING LIDAR WITH NO MOVABLE PARTS
A method for scanning a transmitted beam through a 360° FOV in a LIDAR system using no moving parts. The method includes directing a laser beam at a first frequency to an SPPR device and directing the laser beam from the SPPR device onto a conical mirror to direct the laser beam at a certain angle therefrom depending on the first frequency of the laser beam. The method further includes shifting the optical frequency of the laser beam to a second frequency to change the angle that the transmitted beam is directed from the conical mirror and intensity modulating the laser beam at the second frequency using a first intensity modulation frequency for a predetermined period of time. The method further includes receiving a reflected beam from the target and estimating a round trip time of the transmitted beam and the reflected beam using the modulation of the laser beam.
G01S 17/32 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 7/481 - Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
38.
FREQUENCY MODULATED SCANNING LIDAR WITH 360 DEGREES FIELD OF VIEW
A method for scanning a transmitted beam through a 360° FOV in a LIDAR system using no moving parts. The method includes generating a laser beam, frequency modulating the laser beam, and directing the frequency modulated laser beam to a spiral phase plate resonator (SPPR) device. The method further includes directing the beam from the SPPR device onto a conical mirror, and receiving a reflected beam from the target. The method mixes and correlates the transmitted beam and the reflected beam, calculates a fast Fourier transform of signals representing the mixed transmitted and reflected beams, determines beat frequencies in the mixed and transformed signals, identifies intermediate frequencies in the beat frequencies, estimates a time delay between the transmitted beam and the reflected beam from the beat frequencies to determine the distance to the target, and determines a Doppler frequency from the beat frequencies to determine the velocity of the target.
A LIDAR system that scans a beam in a full 360° FOV without any moving parts. The system includes a transmitter sub-system having a tunable laser beam source, an SPPR responsive to the laser beam, and a conical mirror receiving the output beam and directing the output beam into a desired FOV. The system also includes a receiver sub-system responsive to a reflected beam that is reflected off of an object that receives the output beam from the mirror, where the receiver sub-system includes a plurality of detector modules each including a receiver detector and arranged so that at least one detector module receives the reflected beam from any direction. The system further includes a signal processor sub-system that tunes the frequency of the laser beam generated by the laser source to change the angle orientation of the output beam and scan the output beam in the 360° FOV.
A method for fabricating a multilayered metal nanowire array including providing a metal seed layer, stacking a plurality of porous templates on the seed layer so that a gap forms between each adjacent pair of templates, depositing by electroplating a metal in the pores so that the metal produces nanowires in the templates and lateral interposers in the gaps between the templates, and dissolving the templates so as to produce the multilayered nanowire array including the lateral interposers. The layers between the interposers can have the same or different thicknesses, the diameter and density of the pores in each layer can be the same or different and the metal deposited in the pores of the layers can be the same or different.
H01L 21/48 - Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the groups
H01L 23/373 - Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device
H01L 23/42 - Fillings or auxiliary members in containers selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
One example includes a Josephson analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system. The system includes a control line inductively coupled to an input signal line on which an input analog signal is provided. The input signal line can be inductively coupled to the control line to propagate an induced input current that is based on the input analog signal on the control line. The system also includes at least one Josephson transmission line (JTL) stage that is biased via a DC bias current and is configured to generate an output pulse in response to the induced input current and the DC bias current exceeding a predetermined threshold current associated with the at least one JTL stage.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
One embodiment includes a clock distribution resonator system (10). The system includes a clock source (12) configured to generate a clock signal (CLK) having a predefined wavelength, and a main transmission line (16) coupled to the clock source to propagate the clock signal and comprising a first predetermined length defined as a function of the wavelength of the clock signal. The system also includes a plurality of transmission line (18) branches each coupled to the main transmission line to propagate the clock signal. Each of the plurality of transmission line branches (18) includes a second predetermined length different from the first predetermined length. The system further includes a plurality of clock distribution networks (20) coupled to the respective plurality of transmission line branches and being configured to provide the clock signal to each of a plurality of circuits (14) to provide clock synchronization for the associated plurality of circuits.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 5/15 - Arrangements in which pulses are delivered at different times at several outputs, i.e. pulse distributors
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
43.
COMBINED LASER ARCHITECTURE USING WAVELENGTH MULTIPLEXED SEED SOURCE
A WDM seed beam source for a fiber laser amplifier system that includes a number of master oscillators that generate seed beams at different wavelengths and a spectral multiplexer that multiplexes all of the seed beams onto a single fiber. An EOM modulates the combined seed beams on the single fiber and a spectral demultiplexer then separates the modulated seed beams into their constituent wavelengths on separate fibers before the seed beams are amplified and spectrally combined. The fiber laser amplifier system includes a separate fiber amplifier that amplifies the separated seed beams, an emitter array that directs the amplified beams into free space, beam collimating optics that focuses the uncombined beams, and an SBC grating responsive to the collimated uncombined beams that spatially combines the collimated uncombined beams.
A buffer layer (104) can be used to smooth the surface roughness of a galvanic contact layer (102) (e.g., of niobium) in an electronic device, the buffer layer being made of a stack of at least four (e.g., six) layers of a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure material (10), such as copper, the at least four FCC material layers alternating with at least three layers of a body-centered cubic (BCC) crystal structure material (12), such as niobium, wherein each of the FCC material layers and BCC material layers is between about five and about ten angstroms thick. The buffer layer can provide the smoothing while still maintaining desirable transport properties of a device in which the buffer layer is used, such as a magnetic Josephson junction, and magnetics of an overlying magnetic layer in the device, thereby permitting for improved magnetic Josephson junctions (MJJs) and thus improved superconducting memory arrays and other devices.
Superconducting integrated circuit (100) layouts are proofed against the detrimental effects of stray flux by designing and fabricating them to have one or more ground planes (104) patterned in thex y plane with a regular grid (106) of low-aspect-ratio flux-trapping voids (202). The ground plane(s) can be globally patterned with such voids and thousands or more superconducting circuit devices and wires can thereafter be laid out so as not to intersect or come so close to the voids that the trapped flux would induce supercurrents in them, thus preventing undesirable coupling of flux into circuit elements. Sandwiching a wire layer between patterned ground planes permits wires to be laid out even closer to the voids. Voids of successively smaller maximum dimension can be concentrically stacked in pyramidal fashion in multiple ground plane layers having different superconductor transition temperatures, increasing the x-y area available for device placement and wire-up.
H10N 69/00 - Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one superconducting element covered by group
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
One example includes a tunable current-mirror qubit. The qubit includes a plurality of flux tunable elements disposed in a circuit loop. A first portion of the flux tunable elements can be configured to receive a first input flux and a remaining portion of the flux tunable elements can be configured to receive a second input flux to control a mode of the tunable current-mirror qubit between a microwave excitation mode to facilitate excitation or quantum state manipulation of the tunable current-mirror qubit via a microwave input signal and a noise-protected mode to facilitate storage of the quantum state of the tunable current-mirror qubit. The qubit also includes at least one capacitor interconnecting nodes between respective pairs of the flux tunable elements to facilitate formation of Cooper-pair excitons in each of the microwave excitation mode and the noise-protected mode.
Systems and methods are provided for protecting a temperature sensitive object. A system includes a temperature sensitive object and a thermal control material in thermal communication with the temperature sensitive object. The thermal control material has an emissivity that varies as a function of temperature, and includes a substrate comprising a first surface comprising one of a photonic crystal, a metamaterial, a metasurface, and a multilayer film, a solid state phase change material in contact with the surface, and a reflective thin film material at one of a second surface of the substrate, at a surface of the solid state phase change material, and on an opposite side of an optical cavity from the substrate.
A current device readout system and a method for reading a current state of a current device are provided. The system includes a tunable resonator (16) having a resonant frequency that is associated with a current state of a current device (12) being configured as flux qubit. The tunable resonator can be configured to receive a tone signal having a predetermined frequency from a feedline (20) to determine the current state of the current device. The system also includes an isolation device (18) inductively interconnecting the tunable resonator and the current device. The isolation device is configured as a quantum flux parametron and can be tunable to isolate the current device in a first state and to facilitate the determination of the current state of the current device in a second state.
G11C 11/44 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using super-conductive elements, e.g. cryotron
A superconducting on-chip coiled coupled-line 90° hybrid coupler is made of a series array of repeated cells of coiled transmission lines that are inductively and capacitively coupled. The coupler splits an incoming microwave signal into two output signals of roughly equal power and separated in phase from each other by roughly 90°. The coupler can be incorporated into such superconducting electronic circuits as clock-distribution networks for reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) systems, as well as Josephson-based phase shifters and vector modulators.
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
H01F 6/06 - Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
H01F 41/04 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils or magnets for manufacturing coils
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
A superconducting neuromorphic pipelined processor core can be used to build neural networks in hardware by providing the functionality of somas, axons, dendrites and synaptic connections. Each instance of the superconducting neuromorphic pipelined processor core can implement a programmable and scalable model of one or more biological neurons in superconducting hardware that is more efficient and biologically suggestive than existing designs. This core can be used to build a wide variety of large-scale neural networks in hardware. The biologically suggestive operation of the neuron core provides additional capabilities to the network that are difficult to implement in software-based neural networks and would be impractical using room-temperature semiconductor electronics. The superconductive electronics that make up the core enable it to perform more operations per second per watt than is possible in comparable state-of-the-art semiconductor-based designs.
Spacecraft servicing devices or pods and related methods may be configured to be deployed from a carrier spacecraft and include at least one spacecraft servicing component configured to perform at least one servicing operation on the target spacecraft. The spacecraft servicing devices may be configured to be transported from an initial orbit to another orbit after the spacecraft servicing device is deployed from the carrier spacecraft.
Test structures and methods for superconducting bump bond electrical characterization are used to verify the superconductivity of bump bonds that electrically connect two superconducting integrated circuit chips fabricated using a flip-chip process, and can also ascertain the self-inductance of bump bond(s) between chips. The structures and methods leverage a behavioral property of superconducting DC SQUIDs to modulate a critical current upon injection of magnetic flux in the SQUID loop, which behavior is not present when the SQUID is not superconducting, by including bump bond(s) within the loop, which loop is split among chips. The sensitivity of the bump bond superconductivity verification is therefore effectively perfect, independent of any multi-milliohm noise floor that may exist in measurement equipment.
53.
SUPERCONDUCTING BUMP BOND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Test structures and methods for superconducting bump bond electrical characterization are used to verify the superconductivity of bump bonds that electrically connect two superconducting integrated circuit chips fabricated using a flip-chip process, and can also ascertain the self-inductance of bump bond(s) between chips. The structures and methods leverage a behavioral property of superconducting DC SQUIDs to modulate a critical current upon injection of magnetic flux in the SQUID loop, which behavior is not present when the SQUID is not superconducting, by including bump bond(s) within the loop, which loop is split among chips. The sensitivity of the bump bond superconductivity verification is therefore effectively perfect, independent of any multi-milliohm noise floor that may exist in measurement equipment.
A system for degaussing a magnetized structure can include a given circuit that provides a differential alternating current (AC) signal that decays from an upper level to a lower level over a predetermined amount of time. The system also includes a given electrical coil coupled to the given circuit. The electrical coil circumscribes the magnetized structure. The electrical coil induces a decaying magnetic field on the magnetized structure in response to the differential AC signal to convert the magnetized structure into a degaussed structure.
An integrated circuit is provided that comprises a first thermal sink layer, a first ground plane associated with a first set of circuits that have a first operational temperature requirement, a first thermally conductive via that couples the first ground plane to the first thermal sink layer, a second thermal sink layer, a second ground plane associated with a second set of circuits that have a second operational temperature requirement that is higher than the first operational temperature requirement, and a second thermally conductive via that couples the second ground plane to the second thermal sink layer. The first thermal sink layer is cooled at a first temperature to maintain the first set of circuits at the first operational temperature requirement and the second thermal sink layer is cooled at a second temperature to maintain the second set of circuits at the second operational temperature requirement.
H01L 23/367 - Cooling facilitated by shape of device
H01L 23/373 - Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device
H01L 23/44 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation the complete device being wholly immersed in a fluid other than air
One embodiment describes a Josephson current source system comprising a flux-shuttle loop that is inductively coupled with an AC input signal. The flux-shuttle loop includes a plurality of stages each comprising at least one Josephson junction. The plurality of stages can be spaced about the flux shuttle loop. Each of a plurality of pairs of the plurality of stages are configured to concurrently trigger in a sequence via the respective at least one Josephson junction in response to the AC input signal and to provide a respective pair of single-flux quantum (SFQ) pulses that move sequentially and continuously through each stage of the plurality of stages around the flux-shuttle loop via each of the at least one Josephson junction of each of the respective stages that results in a DC output current being provided through an output inductor.
A milliohm resistor is fabricated as a Josephson junction device that contains ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic material (206, 210, 416) of sufficient thickness to render the device entirely resistive between terminals. The device can have a resistance on the order of milliohms and can consume a much smaller chip footprint than resistors of the same resistance fabricated using conventional resistive materials. Because the device can be fabricated without modification to processes used to fabricate reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) circuitry, it can easily be incorporated in RQL circuits to mitigate flux trapping or to perform other functions where very small resistances are needed. lii particular, the device can burn off circulating currents induced by trapped flux without affecting the transmission of SFQ pulses through RQL circuitry.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
B82Y 10/00 - Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
An inverting reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) phase-mode D flip-flop (300) accepts a data input (Dl) and a logical clock input (LCLKI). The flip-flop includes a stacked Josephson junction (J3) and a comparator (J5, J4). The triggering or untriggering of the stacked Josephson junction (J3) by positive or negative single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses (Dl) can switch a direction of DC bias current through a component of the comparator (through J4), such as an output Josephson junction (J4), which can then either pass or suppress logical clock SFQ pulses (LCLKI). When so passed, the data input is captured to the output (QNO) upon clocking the flip-flop via the provision of the logical clock SFQ pulses, e.g., as reciprocal pulse pairs (pulse positive, pulse negative).
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
59.
AC POWER TRANSFER OVER SELF-PASSIVATING CONNECTORS
Methods and systems to transform an alternating current into constant-polarity constant or pulsed voltages, provide these to a first group of contacts of an electrical connector assembly such that none of the contacts is subjected to polarity reversal, receive the constant-polarity constant or pulsed voltages from a second group of contacts of the electrical connector assembly, and reconstruct the alternating current from these voltages.
H02M 5/42 - Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
60.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TELEMETRY IN ACOUSTIC ARRAYS TECHNICAL FIELD
A data telemetry system and method digitizes acoustic sensor data. Acoustic sensor data is digitized and used to apply strain to a series of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in a fiber. Each FBG is assigned a nominal wavelength. A wavelength interrogator launches wavelengths into the fiber and scans the reflected wavelengths from the FBGs. A data telemetry rate of at least 5 kHz may be achieved. Acoustic sensors may be part of undersea acoustic sensing arrays with large element counts having reduced system cabling and improved Size, Weight and Power (SWaP). The system and method realizes low power loss per array element and efficient multiplexing of many data streams in a small form factor.
G01D 5/353 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using optical means, i.e. using infrared, visible or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
E21B 47/12 - Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
E21B 47/14 - Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
G01D 21/00 - Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
G01H 9/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
G01H 11/00 - Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
G01V 11/00 - Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups
G08C 23/06 - Non-electric signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems using light waves, e.g. infrared through light guides, e.g. optical fibres
One example includes a superconducting transmission line driver system. The system includes an input stage configured to receive an input pulse and an AC bias current source configured to provide an AC bias current. The system also includes an amplifier coupled to the input stage and configured to generate a plurality of sequential SFQ pulses based on the input pulse in response to the AC bias current. The system further includes a low-pass filter configured to filter the plurality of sequential SFQ pulses to generate an amplified output pulse that is output to a transmission line.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
62.
PRECLEAN AND DIELECTRIC DEPOSITION METHODOLOGY FOR SUPERCONDUCTOR INTERCONNECT FABRICATION
A method is provided of forming a superconductor device interconnect structure. The method comprises forming a first dielectric layer overlying a substrate and forming a superconducting interconnect element in the first dielectric layer. The superconducting interconnect element includes a top surface aligned with a top surface of the first dielectric layer to form a first interconnect layer. The superconductor device interconnect structure is moved into a dielectric deposition chamber. The method further comprises performing a cleaning process on a top surface of the first interconnect layer in the dielectric deposition chamber to remove oxidization from a top surface of the first interconnect layer, and depositing a second dielectric layer over the first interconnect layer in the dielectric deposition chamber.
One example includes a memory cell system that includes a quantizing loop that conducts a quantizing current in a first direction corresponding to a first stored memory state and to conduct the quantizing current in a second direction corresponding to a second stored memory state. The system also includes a bias element configured to provide a substantially constant flux bias of the quantizing loop in each of the first and second states of the stored memory state. The stored memory state can be read from the memory cell system in response to the substantially constant flux bias and a read current that is provided to the memory cell system. The system further includes a tunable energy element that is responsive to a write current that is provided to the memory cell system to change the state of the stored memory state between the first state and the second state.
G11C 11/44 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using super-conductive elements, e.g. cryotron
64.
NANOPOROUS WICK AND OPEN-CELLULAR POROUS STRUCTURES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE
A nanoporous open-cell foam or wick structure and method for production are ½ disclosed. The nanoporous foam or wick structures are produced from, for example, thermoplastic or thermoset polymer gels in which a gelation solvent is removed so as to preserve an expanded monolithic gel structure consisting of intertwined and or chemically crosslinked polymer molecular fibrils. The nanoporous foam or wick may encompass a stand-alone structure, or be incorporated in to microporous open cell foams or wick materials converting them in to nanoporous cellular materials having a bipore structure. Such produced nanoporous polymer materials have unique properties that may be exploited for making high performance capillary pump loop or heat pipe thermal management systems, low-boiloff slosh-less cryogen storage vessels and superior insulation materials for systems operating under ambient and elevated pressure conditions.
C08J 9/28 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
B29C 67/20 - Shaping techniques not covered by groups , or for porous or cellular articles, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored
A method and apparatus for generating a covariance matrix during adaptive beamforming of a multi-beam antenna. The method uses an upper right triangle of the covariance and time sharing of complex conjugate multipliers to efficiently compute the covariance matrix. In addition, a variable number of beams may be selected in the covariance matrix according to an operating environment of the multi-beam antenna.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
66.
BARRIER COATING RESIN FORMULATIONS, BARRIER COATINGS FORMED FROM THE BARRIER COATING RESIN FORMULATIONS, ARTICLES COMPRISING THE BARRIER COATINGS, ROCKET MOTORS COMPRISING THE BARRIER COATINGS, AND RELATED METHODS
A barrier coating resin formulation comprising at least one polycarbosilane preceramic polymer, at least one organically modified silicon dioxide preceramic polymer, at least one filler, and at least one solvent. A barrier coating comprising a reaction product of the at least one polycarbosilane preceramic polymer and the at least one organically modified silicon dioxide preceramic polymer and the at least one filler is also disclosed, as are articles comprising the barrier coating, rocket motors comprising the barrier coating, and methods of forming the articles.
A superconducting structure (10) includes a first superconducting device (12) having a plurality of first superconducting contact pads (16) disposed on a top side of a first superconducting device, a second superconducting device (22) having a plurality of second superconducting contact pads (26) disposed on a bottom side of a second superconducting device, and a plurality of superconducting bump structures (30) with a given bump structure coupling respective superconducting contact pads of the plurality of first superconducting contact pads and the second plurality of superconducting pads to one another to bond the first superconducting device to the second superconducting device. Each superconducting bump structure includes a first under bump metallization (UBM) layer (18) disposed on the top surface of a given superconducting contact pad, a second UBM layer (28) disposed on the top surface of a given superconducting contact pads, and a superconducting metal layer (20) coupling the first UBM layer to the second UBM layer.
A reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) phase-mode D flip-flop accepts a data input and a logical clock input. A D flip-flop with an enable input further accepts enable input and further requires that the enable be asserted high to allow the data input to change the output on the logical clock pulse. The flip-flop includes a storage loop and a comparator, each of which includes Josephson junctions (JJs). The storage loop stores the data input, provided as a positive or negative single flux quantum (SFQ) pulse, is stored in the storage loop as positive or negative state, respectively, effectively biasing a JJ shared between the storage loop and the comparator. The data input is captured to the output upon clocking (or enabled clocking), when a clock pulse causes the shared JJ to preferentially trigger over an escape JJ in the comparator, the shared JJ having been biased by storage loop current.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
Non-destructive read out (NDRO) circuits are provided for use in reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) superconducting systems. Each NDRO circuit includes a "body" circuit that provides a single or multi-state sub-critical bias current to one or many independent "tail" circuitries. Each "tail" has minimal effect on the "body" thereby preventing any interference or destruction to the state of the "body" circuitry. The circuits reduce device count and thereby increase circuit density, simplify and reduce the cost of fabrication, and provide functionality not available in existing designs, such as the ability to write a state and read it in the same operation cycle. The NDRO circuits provide more compact unit cells useful in memory or logic arrays, demanding fewer resources with increased functionality. The circuits also provide compact cells for AND, AND-OR, A-NOT-B, inverter, multiplexer, and demultiplexer gates.
G11C 11/44 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using super-conductive elements, e.g. cryotron
G11C 8/16 - Multiple access memory array, e.g. addressing one storage element via at least two independent addressing line groups
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
Superconducting logic arrays, SLAs, and field-programmable gate arrays, FPGAs that are based on Josephson transmission lines, JTLs, accommodate reciprocal quantum logic, RQL, compliant binary input signals and provide RQL-compliant output signals that are evaluations of generalized logic functions. Each JTL-based superconducting FPGA, JTLBSFPGA, incorporates multiple JTL-based SLAs, JTLBSLAs, connected together. Each JTLBSLA includes an array of software-programmable and/or mask-programmed logic cells that output products of inputs and cell states, such that the JTLBSLAs output evaluations of sum-of-products functions. New JTLBSLA logic cells are described, including some that provide programmable cell states via magnetic Josephson junctions (MJJ). JTLBSFPGAs provide area efficiency and clock speed advantages over CMOS FPGAs. Unlike SLAs based on Josephson magnetic random access memory, JMRAM, JTLBSLAs do not require word line drivers, flux pumps, or sense amplifiers. Because JTLBSLAs and JTLBSFPGAs are RQL-compliant, they can also include RQL gates connected within or between them, without signal conversion circuitry.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
G11C 11/44 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using super-conductive elements, e.g. cryotron
Superconducting logic arrays (SLAs) and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) that are based on Josephson transmission lines (JTLs) accommodate reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) compliant binary input signals and provide RQL-compliant output signals that are evaluations of generalized logic functions. Each JTL-based superconducting FPGA (JTLBSFPGA) incorporates multiple JTL-based SLAs (JTLBSLAs) connected together. Each JTLBSLA includes an array of software-programmable and/or mask-programmed logic cells that output products of inputs and cell states, such that the JTLBSLAs output evaluations of sum-of-products functions. New JTLBSLA logic cells are described, including some that provide programmable cell states via magnetic Josephson junctions (Mils). JTLBSFPGAs provide area efficiency and clock speed advantages over CMOS FPGAs. Unlike SLAs based on Josephson magnetic randorn access memory (JMRAM), JTLBSLAs do not require word line drivers, flux pumps, or sense amplifiers. Because JTLBSLAs and JTLBSFPGAs are RQL-cornpliant, they can also include RQL gates connected within or between them, without signal conversion circuitry.
One example includes a magnetic flux source system that includes a tunable current element (50). The tunable current element includes a SQUID (52) inductively coupled to a first control line (54) that conducts a first control current that induces a bias flux in the SQUID to decrease relative energy barriers between discrete energy states of the tunable current element. The system also includes an inductor (LI) in a series loop with the SQUID and inductively coupled to a second control (56) line that conducts a second control current that induces a control flux in the series loop to change a potential energy of the discrete energy states of the tunable current element to set an energy state of the tunable current element to one of the discrete energy states to generate a current that provides a magnetic flux at an amplitude corresponding to the energy state of the at least one tunable current element.
Real-time reconfigurability of quantum object connectivity can be provided with one or more quantum routers that can each be configured as either or both of a single-pole double-throw switch and a cross-point switch. The quantum router includes variable-inductance coupling elements in RF-SQUIDs having inductors transformer-coupled to two control flux lines, one providing a static current and the other providing a dynamic current, the direction of which can be toggled to couple or uncouple quantum objects, such as qubits, based on the dynamic current direction to provide reconfigurable quantum routing.
One embodiment includes a clock distribution system. The system includes a first resonator spine that propagates a first clock signal and a second resonator spine that propagates a second clock signal that is out-of-phase relative to the first clock signal. The system also includes at least one resonator rib each conductively coupled to at least one of the first and second resonator spines and being arranged as a standing wave resonator with respect to a respective at least one of the first and second clock signals to inductively provide the respective at least one of the first and second clock signals to an associated circuit via a respective transformer-coupling line. The system further includes an isolation element configured to mitigate at least one of inductive and capacitive coupling between the first and second clock signals.
A load-compensated tunable coupler leverages a cross-bar switch and simulated loads or ballasts to provide a tunable coupling between two quantum objects that can be selectively coupled or decoupled without changing their resonant frequencies
H03K 17/92 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
One example includes a current driver system. The system includes a current source configured to provide a source current to a transition node. The system also includes a Josephson latch comprising at least one Josephson junction stage. The at least one Josephson junction stage can be configured to conduct the source current from the transition node as a current-clamped bias current in a deactivated state of the Josephson latch. The Josephson latch can be configured to activate in response to the bias current and a trigger pulse to switch the at least one Josephson junction stage to a voltage state to conduct at least a portion of the source current from the transition node as an output current to a load in response to activation of the Josephson latch.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
77.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING IMMERSION COOLING IN A COMPACT-FORMAT CIRCUIT CARD ENVIRONMENT
An apparatus for providing immersion cooling in a compact-format circuit card environment comprises a plurality of circuit cards. A plurality of thermal energy transfer devices is provided, each thermal energy transfer device at least partially inducing a respective one of first and second operating temperatures to a corresponding circuit card subassembly. At least one first temperature cooling manifold is in selective fluid communication with at least one first operating temperature thermal energy transfer device. At least one second temperature cooling manifold is in selective fluid communication with at least one second operating temperature thermal energy transfer device. A plurality of manifold interfaces is provided, each manifold interface being in fluid communication with a corresponding thermal energy transfer device. A housing includes first and second operating fluid inlets in fluid communication with first and second operating fluid outlets, respectively.
An apparatus for providing forced flow cooling in a circuit card environment is provided includes at least one circuit card including first and second longitudinally spaced circuit card subassemblies, connected together into a single circuit card oriented substantially in a lateral-longitudinal plane. The first and second circuit card subassemblies have first and second operating temperatures, which are different from one another. A housing defines a housing internal volume which completely three-dimensionally surrounds the circuit card. A first temperature-control fluid is directed laterally across at least a portion of the first circuit card subassembly within the housing internal volume in a first flow path to induce the first operating temperature concurrently with a second temperature-control fluid being directed laterally across at least a portion of the second circuit card subassembly within the housing internal volume in a second flow path to induce the second operating temperature.
In an example, a system (100) comprises a first optical device (110), a second optical device (120), and an optical modulator (130). The first optical device (110), in a non-cryogenic environment (111), receives a light signal, outputs the light signal, receives a first modulated light signal, and outputs the first modulated light signal into the non-cryogenic environment. The second optical device (129), in a cryogenic environment (121), receives the light signal from the first optical device (110), outputs the light signal, receives the first modulated light signal, and outputs the first modulated light signal. The optical modulator (130), in the cryogenic environment, receives the light signal from the second optical device (120), modulates the light signal to produce the first modulated light signal and a second modulated light signal, outputs the second modulated light signal, and outputs the first modulated light signal to the second optical device (120).
G02B 6/42 - Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
Superconducting interface circuits and methods convert between non- return-to-zero (NRZ) encoded voltage signals (102out) and reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) compliant signals of opposite-polarity single flux quantum (SFQ) pulse pairs (104out), and vice-versa, so as to provide highspeed NRZ input (102out) to, and output from (108out), RQL computing circuitry (106).
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
H03M 5/02 - Conversion to or from representation by pulses
81.
IMMERSION COOLING TEMPERATURE CONTROL METHOD, SYSTEM, AND APPARATUS
An apparatus for providing immersion cooling in a circuit card environment includes a circuit card having first and second longitudinally spaced circuit card subassemblies, connected together into a single circuit card oriented substantially in a lateral-longitudinal plane. The first and second circuit card subassemblies have first and second operating temperatures, respectively, which are different from one another. A thermal energy transfer device is operatively connected to an area of the circuit card correlated with a selected one of the first and second circuit card subassemblies. The thermal energy transfer device at least partially induces the respective one of the first and second operating temperatures to the selected circuit card subassembly. The thermal energy transfer device transversely overlies at least a supermajority of the selected circuit card subassembly and is laterally spaced from the other circuit card subassembly. A system and method for providing immersion cooling are also provided.
One embodiment includes a clock distribution system. The system includes at least one resonator spine that propagates a clock signal and at least one resonator rib conductively coupled to the at least one resonator spine and being arranged as a standing wave resonator. At least one of the at least one resonator rib has a thickness that varies along a length of the respective one of the at least one resonator rib. The system also includes at least one transformer-coupling line. Each of the at least one transformer-coupling line can be conductively coupled to an associated circuit and being inductively coupled to the at least one resonator rib to inductively generate a clock current corresponding to the clock signal to provide functions for the associated circuit.
Systems and methods are provided for linking two components in a superconducting circuit. A plurality of circuit elements, each comprising one of an inductor, a capacitor, and a Josephson junction, are connected in series on a path connecting the two components. A plurality of tunable oscillators are connected from the path connecting the two components. Each tunable oscillator is responsive to a control signal to tune an associated resonance frequency of the tunable oscillator within a first frequency range, within which the two components are coupled, and within a second frequency range, within which the two components are isolated.
G06N 10/40 - Physical realisations or architectures of quantum processors or components for manipulating qubits, e.g. qubit coupling or qubit control
H03H 2/00 - Networks using elements or techniques not provided for in groups
H03K 17/92 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 19/16 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using saturable magnetic devices
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
A reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) gate circuit has an input stage having logical inputs asserted based on receiving positive single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses and an amplifying output stage comprising a JTL to deliver an output signal. The input stage includes two or more storage loops, at least two being associated each with a logical input, each comprising an input Josephson junction (JJ), a storage inductor, and a logical decision JJ, the logical decision JJ being common to all the storage loops associated with the logical inputs and being configured to trigger based on biasing provided by one or more currents stored in the storage loops and a bias signal provided to the circuit. The output stage asserts an output based on the triggering of the logical decision JJ.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
85.
CONTROLLING A STATE OF A QUBIT ASSEMBLY VIA TUNABLE COUPLING
Methods and apparatuses are provided for controlling the state of a qubit. A qubit apparatus includes a load, a qubit, and a compound Josephson junction coupler coupling the qubit to the load. A coupling controller controls the coupling strength of the compound Josephson junction coupler such that a coupling between the qubit and the load is a first value when a reset of the qubit is desired and a second value during operation of the qubit.
A Josephson inverter gate circuit provides efficient implementation of polarity or logical inversion while eliminating the need for physically large high-efficiency magnetic transformers in the signal path. The circuit can consist of a half-twisted Josephson transmission line (JTL) or a JTL with an unshunted floating Josephson junction that produces two single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses when triggered by an SFQ input signal, which results in an output SFQ signal of reversed polarity. Implemented as a logical inverter, proper initialization of the circuit is accomplished within the signal inversion stage with flux biasing.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
A reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) gate circuit has a first stage having four logical inputs asserted based on receiving positive single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses and storing the SFQ pulses in respective storage loops each associated with a logical input, and a second stage having two more storage loops. First and second logical decision Josephson junctions (JJs) make determinations based on signals stored in the first-stage storage loops. A third logical decision JJ makes a third determination based on the first and second determinations. Each logical decision JJ triggers based on biasing provided by one or more currents stored in its associated storage loops and a bias signal having an AC component. The second stage asserts an output based on the triggering of the third logical decision JJ. Four-input AND, OR, AO22, and OA22 gates are thereby provided.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 19/177 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using elementary logic circuits as components arranged in matrix form
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
A tri-stable storage loop useful in reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) gate circuits and systems has control and signal input lines. When alternating stable current storage states are induced in the storage loop by an alternating input provided to the control input line, provision of a positive SFQ pulse on the signal input line while the storage loop stores a positive current changes the storage loop from alternating between a positive-current state and a null current state to alternating between a negative-current state and the null-current state, and provision of a negative SFQ pulse on the signal input line while the storage loop stores a negative current changes the storage loop from alternating between the negative-current state and the null current state to alternating between the positive-current state and the null-current state.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
G06N 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
G11C 11/44 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using super-conductive elements, e.g. cryotron
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
A Josephson inverter gate circuit provides efficient implementation of polarity or logical inversion while eliminating the need for physically large high-efficiency magnetic transformers in the signal path. The circuit can consist of a half-twisted Josephson transmission line (JTL) or a JTL with an unshunted floating Josephson junction that produces two single flux quantum (SFQ) pulses when triggered by an SFQ input signal, which results in an output SFQ signal of reversed polarity. Implemented as a logical inverter, proper initialization of the circuit is accomplished within the signal inversion stage with flux biasing.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
H03K 19/20 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits
A push-pull tunable coupler includes a push transformer, a pull transformer and two compound Josephson junctions arranged in upper and lower branches. Absent biasing, the balanced push and pull of current between the branches causes current from a first object to circulate within a loop and not to be coupled to a second object. Biasing of at least one of the compound Josephson junctions unbalances the push and pull of current in the branches to couple the first and second objects. The coupler has reduced sensitivity to differential-mode noise around the off state, is completely insensitive to common-mode noise, and is capable of inverting the coupled signal with appropriate relative biasing of the compound Josephson junctions.
H03K 17/92 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
A capacitively-driven tunable coupler includes a coupling capacitor (110) connecting an open end of a quantum object (104) (i.e., an end of the object that cannot have a DC path to a low-voltage rail, such as a ground node, without breaking the functionality of the object) to an RF SQUID (108) having a Josephson element capable of providing variable inductance and therefore variable coupling to another quantum object (106).
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
One example includes a memory circuit. The circuit includes a memory array arranged as rows and columns of memory cells. An array portion stores a respective memory word in a given one of the rows in response to a word-write signal corresponding to a write address of the given one of the rows and in response to a plurality of bit-write signals associated with the plurality of columns, and reads a respective memory word from a given one of the rows in response to a word-read signal corresponding to a read address of the given one of the rows and in response to a plurality of bit-read signals associated with the plurality of columns. The circuit also includes a write-through detection system that activates an analog bypass portion to read the memory word from the analog bypass portion in response to the read address being equal to the write address.
G11C 8/18 - Address timing or clocking circuits; Address control signal generation or management, e.g. for row address strobe [RAS] or column address strobe [CAS] signals
G11C 7/10 - Input/output [I/O] data interface arrangements, e.g. I/O data control circuits, I/O data buffers
G11C 11/00 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
G11C 11/44 - Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using super-conductive elements, e.g. cryotron
G11C 5/02 - Disposition of storage elements, e.g. in the form of a matrix array
G11C 7/18 - Bit line organisation; Bit line lay-out
One embodiment includes a clock distribution system. The system includes at least one resonator spine that propagates a sinusoidal clock signal and at least one resonator rib conductively coupled to the at least one resonator spine and arranged as a standing wave resonator. The system also includes at least one transformer-coupling line. Each of the at least one transformer-coupling line is conductively coupled to an associated circuit and has a plurality of inductive couplings to the at least one resonator rib to inductively generate a clock current corresponding to the sinusoidal clock signal via each of the plurality of inductive couplings in an additive manner to provide functions for the associated circuit.
A reciprocal quantum logic (RQL) phase-mode flip-flop includes a storage loop and a comparator, each of which includes Josephson junctions (JJs). A data input, provided as a positive or negative single flux quantum (SFQ) pulse, is stored in the storage loop to set the storage loop in a positive or negative state, respectively, effectively biasing an output JJ shared between the storage loop and a comparator. The data input is captured to the output upon the receipt of a logical clock SFQ reciprocal pulse pair to the comparator, when one of the pulses in the pair causes the output JJ to preferentially trigger over an escape junction in the comparator, owing to the output JJ having been biased by current in the storage loop.
H03K 3/38 - Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of superconductive devices
Large fan-in logical gate circuits (100) for use in reciprocal quantum logic, RQL, systems and related methods permit for improved efficiency and density of RQL logic. A majority 3-of-5 gate circuit, as described, can be extended to include more than five inputs, and can also be modified to create AND gates, OR gates, and OA gates. The gate circuits can accommodate inputs and provide outputs each in the form of single flux quantum, SFQ, pulses, either positive or negative, to indicate asserted and de-asserted logic states, respectively.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
H03K 19/20 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits
H03K 19/23 - Majority or minority circuits, i.e. giving output having the state of the majority or the minority of the inputs
An inverting reciprocal quantum logic, RQL, gate circuit (100) has an input stage (104) having a logical input asserted based on receiving a positive single flux quantum, SFQ, pulse and an output stage (102) comprising phase mode logic inverter circuitry. The input stage (104) includes one or more storage loops, at least one being associated with each logical input, each comprising an input Josephson junction, JJ, a storage inductor, and a logical decision JJ, the logical decision JJ being common to all the storage loops associated with the logical inputs and being configured to trigger based on biasing provided by one or more currents stored in the storage loops and a first bias signal provided to the input stage. The output stage (102) de-asserts an output and is provided with a second bias signal having a second state opposite of a first state of the first bias signal.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
H03K 19/20 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits
H03K 19/23 - Majority or minority circuits, i.e. giving output having the state of the majority or the minority of the inputs
A Josephson AND/OR gate circuit makes efficient use of Josephson junction, JJ, and inductor components to provide two-input, two-output AND/OR logical functions. The circuit (100) includes four logical input storage loops (106-1, 106-2, 106-3, 106-4) that each contain one of two logical decision JJs (108) that are configured such that they trigger to provide the OR and AND signals (AO, OO), respectively. Functional asymmetry is provided in the topologically symmetrical AND/OR gate circuit by a bias storage loop (106-5) that includes both of the logical decision JJs (108) and that is initialized to store a directional F0of current at system start-up.
H03K 19/195 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices
H03K 19/20 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits
98.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES, FORMING APPARATUSES AND RELATED SYSTEMS AND METHODS
Methods of forming a composite structure (106) include conforming at least one ply of material (8112) to a forming surface of a tool (102) having differing features. Apparatuses (100) for forming a composite structure include a forming tool (102) and a material feed assembly (104) configured to hold a supply of material, where the material feed assembly may be configured to pivot the supply of material relative to the forming tool (102). Composite structures (106) having an at least partially annular shape are formed by an at least partially automated process.
B29C 70/32 - Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
B29C 70/38 - Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
B29C 70/56 - Tensioning reinforcements before or during shaping
99.
THERMALLY ISOLATED GROUND PLANES WITH A SUPERCONDUCTING ELECTRICAL COUPLER
An integrated circuit is provided that comprises a first ground plane associated with a first set of circuits that have a first operational temperature requirement, and a second ground plane associated with a second set of circuits that have a second operational temperature requirement that is higher than the first operational temperature requirement. The second ground plane is substantially thermally isolated from the first ground plane. A superconducting coupler electrically couples the first ground plane and the second ground plane while maintaining relative thermal isolation between the first ground plane and the second ground plane.
H01L 23/34 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation
H01L 23/538 - Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another the interconnection structure between a plurality of semiconductor chips being formed on, or in, insulating substrates
One example includes a parametric amplifier system. The system includes an input/output (I/O) transmission line to propagate a signal tone. The system also includes a non-linearity circuit comprising at least one Josephson junction to provide at least one inductive path of the signal tone in parallel with the at least one Josephson junction. The system further includes an impedance matching network coupled to the I/O transmission line to provide impedance matching of the tone signal between the I/O transmission line and the non-linearity element.
patents
