A method of monitoring a spot quality of an electron beam includes directing the electron beam to a first measurement point in a powder layer a plurality of times, adjusting a focus offset of the electron beam each of the plurality of times the electron beam is directed to the first measurement point, measuring x-ray emissions from the first measurement point each of the plurality of times the electron beam is directed to the first measurement point, and determining a drift in a focus or an intensity of the electron beam based on the measured x-ray emissions.
Devices, systems, and methods for monitoring a powder layer in additive manufacturing are disclosed. A method of monitoring a powder layer includes receiving image data corresponding the powder layer supported by a powder bed within a build chamber from imaging devices, determining leading and trailing regions of interest located adjacent to a leading end and a trailing end of the moving powder distributor, respectively, the leading and trailing regions of interest moving according to movement of the moving powder distributor, selecting at least one point located in the leading region of interest from the image data, determining first characteristics of the point, when the point is located within the trailing region of interest, determining second characteristics of the point, and comparing the first characteristics to the second characteristics.
B22F 12/60 - Dispositifs de planarisation; Dispositifs de compression
B22F 10/37 - Commande ou régulation des opérations des caractéristiques du lit de poudre, p.ex. de la densité
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 10/28 - Fusion sur lit de poudre, p.ex. fusion sélective par laser [FSL] ou fusion par faisceau d’électrons [EBM]
G06V 10/25 - Détermination d’une région d’intérêt [ROI] ou d’un volume d’intérêt [VOI]
B22F 12/90 - Moyens de commande ou de régulation des opérations, p.ex. caméras ou capteurs
B22F 10/00 - Fabrication additive de pièces ou d’objets à partir de poudres métalliques
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B22F 10/368 - Température ou gradient de température, p.ex. température du bassin de fusion
B22F 10/32 - Commande ou régulation des opérations de l’atmosphère, p.ex. de la composition ou de la pression dans une chambre de fabrication
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B22F 10/38 - Commande ou régulation des opérations pour obtenir des caractéristiques spécifiques du produit, p.ex. le lissage de la surface, la densité, la porosité ou des structures creuses
B22F 12/55 - Moyens multiples d’alimentation en matériau
3.
DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR CALIBRATING AND OPERATING AN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM HAVING A PLURALITY OF ELECTRON BEAM GUNS
Devices, systems and methods for calibrating and operating an additive manufacturing system are disclosed. A calibration system for an electron beam additive manufacturing system having a plurality of electron beam guns includes a calibration probe positioned in a build chamber of the electron beam additive manufacturing system, a sensing device positioned to measure and acquire a response generated as a result of impingement of electron beams emitted from the plurality of electron beam guns on the calibration probe, the sensing device generating a response signal as a result of the measured and acquired response, and an analysis component communicatively coupled to the sensing device and programmed to analyze and evaluate the response signal.
B22F 12/90 - Moyens de commande ou de régulation des opérations, p.ex. caméras ou capteurs
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
4.
Devices, systems, and methods for using an imaging device to calibrate and operate a plurality of electron beam guns in an additive manufacturing system
Calibration systems, additive manufacturing systems employing the same, and methods of calibrating include a plurality of electron beam guns. One calibration system includes an imaging device positioned to capture one or more images of an impingement of electron beams emitted from the plurality of electron beam guns on a surface within a build chamber of the electron beam additive manufacturing system and an analysis component communicatively coupled to the imaging device. The analysis component is programmed to receive image data corresponding to the one or more images, determine one or more calibration parameters from the image data, and transmit one or more instructions to the plurality of electron beam guns in accordance with the one or more calibration parameters.
Devices, systems, and methods for calibrating for an electron beam additive manufacturing system. The electron beam manufacturing system includes electron beam guns. A calibration system includes an optical pyrometer. The optical pyrometer captures thermal radiation emitted from raw material. An analysis component is communicatively coupled to the optical pyrometer. The analysis component is programmed to determine calibration parameters from information from the optical pyrometer and a phase transition temperature.
B22F 10/31 - Commande ou régulation des opérations Étalonnage des étapes de procédé ou réglages des appareils, p.ex. avant ou en cours de fabrication
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
G01J 5/00 - Pyrométrie des radiations, p.ex. thermométrie infrarouge ou optique
G01J 5/20 - Pyrométrie des radiations, p.ex. thermométrie infrarouge ou optique en utilisant des détecteurs électriques de radiations en utilisant des éléments résistants, thermorésistants ou semi-conducteurs sensibles aux radiations, p.ex. des dispositifs photoconducteurs
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/00 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
B22F 12/41 - Moyens de rayonnement caractérisés par le type, p.ex. laser ou faisceau d’électrons
B22F 10/80 - Acquisition ou traitement des données
6.
Raw material delivery devices and methods of operating the same
Raw material devices, systems that incorporate raw material delivery devices, and methods of supplying raw material using the raw material devices. A raw material delivery device includes a hollow body comprising a first end and a second end, the second end disposed above the first end in a system vertical direction, an inlet disposed at the first end of the hollow body, an outlet disposed at the second end of the hollow body, and a stepped passageway disposed within the hollow body between the inlet and the outlet. The stepped passageway is configured to deliver raw material via one or more steps from the inlet to the outlet.
B65G 27/12 - Utilisation de dispositifs pour créer ou transmettre les secousses de dispositifs de secouement, c. à d. de dispositifs pour produire des mouvements de basse fréquence et de grande amplitude
B22F 12/50 - Moyens d’alimentation en matériau, p.ex. têtes
Described is an additive manufacturing apparatus for additive manufacturing of three dimensional objects, said apparatus comprises a powder distribution unit movable across a build area for applying a layer of powder material thereon and a solidification device for selectively solidifying the applied powder layer at positions corresponding to a cross section of the object to be manufactured. Said powder distribution unit comprises at least a first and a second powder distributors essentially in parallel with each other and extending in a first direction, said first and second powder distributors are arranged to be adjustably spaced apart in a second direction transversely to said first direction which second direction is essentially in parallel with the direction of movement of said powder distribution unit over said build area.
B22F 1/052 - Poudres métalliques caractérisées par la dimension ou la surface spécifique des particules caractérisées par un mélange de particules de dimensions différentes ou par la distribution granulométrique des particules
B22F 10/28 - Fusion sur lit de poudre, p.ex. fusion sélective par laser [FSL] ou fusion par faisceau d’électrons [EBM]
An electron beam additive manufacturing system includes an electron beam source, an x-ray detection sensor configured to generate a waveform corresponding to an amount of x-rays detected by the x-ray detection sensor, and an electronic control unit comprising a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable memory, the electronic control unit communicatively coupled to the electron beam source and the x-ray detection sensor. The electronic control unit is configured to cause the electron beam source to emit an electron beam such that the electron beam impinges a verification plate, receive the waveform generated by the x-ray detection sensor in response to the x-ray detection sensor capturing x-rays emitted from the impingement of the electron beam with the verification plate, and determine a melt performance of a surface material of the verification plate based on the waveform.
G01N 23/225 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de rayonnement [ondes ou particules], p.ex. rayons X ou neutrons, non couvertes par les groupes , ou en mesurant l'émission secondaire de matériaux en utilisant des microsondes électroniques ou ioniques
H01J 37/305 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour couler, fondre, évaporer ou décaper
H01J 37/244 - Détecteurs; Composants ou circuits associés
B22F 10/28 - Fusion sur lit de poudre, p.ex. fusion sélective par laser [FSL] ou fusion par faisceau d’électrons [EBM]
B22F 12/90 - Moyens de commande ou de régulation des opérations, p.ex. caméras ou capteurs
B22F 10/36 - Commande ou régulation des opérations des paramètres du faisceau d’énergie
B22F 10/85 - Acquisition ou traitement des données pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B22F 10/31 - Commande ou régulation des opérations Étalonnage des étapes de procédé ou réglages des appareils, p.ex. avant ou en cours de fabrication
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
G01N 23/2252 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de rayonnement [ondes ou particules], p.ex. rayons X ou neutrons, non couvertes par les groupes , ou en mesurant l'émission secondaire de matériaux en utilisant des microsondes électroniques ou ioniques en utilisant des faisceaux d’électrons incidents, p.ex. la microscopie électronique à balayage [SEM] en mesurant les rayons X émis, p.ex. microanalyse à sonde électronique [EPMA]
Adjustable guide systems and additive manufacturing systems incorporating the same are disclosed. An adjustable guide system includes a first arm support coupled to a first end of a powder distributor in an additive manufacturing system, a second arm support coupled to a second end of the powder distributor opposite the first end, a plurality of shuttles, and a plurality of guide rails. Each one of the plurality of shuttles is pivotally coupled to the first arm support or the second arm support via one or more link arms. Each one of the plurality of guide rails supports a corresponding one of the plurality of shuttles thereon and allows each shuttle to move along the respective guide rail.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
10.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECTS
A method for producing three-dimensional objects layer by layer using a powdery material which can be solidified by irradiating it with at least two electron beams, said method comprises a pre-heating step, wherein the pre-heating step comprises the sub-step of scanning a pre-heating powder layer area (100) by scanning a first electron beam in a first region (I) and by scanning a second electron beam in a second region (II) distributed over the pre-heating powder layer area (100), wherein consecutively scanned paths are separated by, at least, a security distance (ΔY), said sub-step further comprising the step of synchronising the preheating of said first and second electron beams when simultaneously preheating said powder material within said first and second regions respectively, so that said first and second electron beams are always separated to each other with at least a minimum security distance (ΔX).
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
B23K 15/06 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons dans une enceinte sous vide
B29C 64/277 - Agencements pour irradiation utilisant des moyens de rayonnement multiples, p.ex. des micro-miroirs ou des diodes électroluminescentes multiples [LED]
B23K 26/082 - Systèmes de balayage, c. à d. des dispositifs comportant un mouvement relatif entre le faisceau laser et la tête du laser
An apparatus for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, which parts corresponds to successive cross sections of the three-dimensional article, the apparatus comprising: a powder distributor configured for evenly distributing a layer of powder on top of a work table provided inside a build chamber; and at least one high energy beam source emanating at least one high energy beam configured for fusing the powder layer in selected locations corresponding to the cross section of the three-dimensional article, wherein the apparatus further comprising at least one target area arranged spaced apart from the layer of powder for emanating light when irradiated by the at least one high energy beam.
A blast nozzle for a depowdering apparatus includes an abrasive material inlet fluidly connected to an abrasive material outlet and a fluid inlet fluidly connected to a fluid outlet, where the fluid outlet at least partially surrounds the abrasive material outlet. The fluid outlet is angled with respect to the abrasive material outlet and configured to emit a fluid stream directed to a focal point, the focal point being laterally spaced apart from the blast nozzle in a fluid flow direction.
B33Y 40/00 - Opérations ou équipements auxiliaires, p.ex. pour la manipulation de matériau
B24C 1/08 - Méthodes d'utilisation de jet abrasif en vue d'effectuer un travail déterminé; Utilisation d'équipements auxiliaires liés à ces méthodes pour polir des surfaces, p.ex. en utilisant des abrasifs entraînés par un liquide
13.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR WELD TAPERING AT A TRAILING EDGE USING TIME MULTIPLEXING
Systems, apparatus, and methods for weld tapering at a trailing edge using time multiplexing are disclosed. Systems, apparatus, and methods for control of an electron beam for welding using time multiplexing are disclosed. An example apparatus includes memory and at least one processor to execute instructions to at least: in a first portion of a line of an object being formed, control an energy beam at a first position at a first time to form a weld from a powder; and in a second portion of a line of the object being formed, control the energy beam to perform a dispersion sweep at a second position at a second time.
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed on a support structure, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one model of the three-dimensional article, lowering the support structure a predetermined distance and rotating the support structure a predetermined angle in a first direction before applying a first powder layer covering the lowered and rotated support structure, rotating the support structure the predetermined angle in a second direction opposite to the first direction before directing the at least one first energy beam from the at least one first energy beam source at selected locations of the first powder layer, the at least one first energy beam source causing the first powder layer on the stationary support structure which is stationary to fuse in the selected locations according to the model to form first portions of the three-dimensional article.
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/241 - Moyens d’entraînement pour mouvement rotatif
Disclosed herein are methods for estimating a powder layer thickness in an additive manufacturing machine when forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer. The method comprises applying a first powder layer and selectively melting the first powder layer and thereafter measuring the temperature of the first powder layer at a plurality of times. The method further comprises providing a mathematical function giving a reference temperature as a function of time based on the measured temperatures of the first powder layer, applying a second powder layer on top of the first powder layer and measuring the temperature of the second powder layer at a predetermined time, and estimating the powder layer thickness of the second powder layer based on the measured temperature of the second powder layer and the reference temperature calculated by means of the mathematical function for the predetermined time point.
G01B 21/08 - Dispositions pour la mesure ou leurs détails, où la technique de mesure n'est pas couverte par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe, est non spécifiée ou est non significative pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 10/30 - Commande ou régulation des opérations
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
16.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FORMING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARTICLE
An apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together with an electron beam from an electron beam source so as to form the article according to a computer model thereof. The apparatus includes a chamber a chamber having a first section and a second section openly connected to each other. The first section is configured to receive the individual layers of powder material. The second section comprising an electron beam source, an electromagnetic focus coil having an axially extending, and a reflector coil. The electron beam source is configured to emit an electron beam to fuse the individual layers of powder material. The reflector coil is arranged radially outside the electromagnetic focus coil. The direction of windings of the reflector coil is opposite a direction of windings of the electromagnetic focus coil.
H01J 37/305 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour couler, fondre, évaporer ou décaper
H01J 37/09 - Diaphragmes; Ecrans associés aux dispositifs électronoptiques ou ionoptiques; Compensation des champs perturbateurs
17.
Method, apparatus and control unit for selectively sintering a powder layer in additive manufacturing processes to achieve a future, desired heat conductivity
Devices, systems, and methods for selectively sintering a powder layer in additive manufacturing processes to achieve a desired heat conductivity are disclosed. A method includes distributing a powder layer in a build chamber, selectively sintering the powder layer to form a plurality of sintered areas and a plurality of non-sintered areas based on a thermal model, and melting a subset of the plurality of sintered areas.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
A method for controlling an energy beam in an additive manufacturing machine when forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer by successive fusion of selected areas of powder layers, which selected areas correspond to successive layers of the article. The method includes steps of radiating a powder layer by the energy beam and creating a set of images of the powder layer for a set of positions on the powder layer by detecting particles emitted, backscattered or reflected from the powder layer when being radiated, comparing data representing the set of images and reference data with each other for identifying a difference between the energy beam when used on the powder layer and the reference data, with respect to at least one energy beam parameter, and adjusting the energy beam based on such an identified difference between the energy beam when used on the powder layer and the reference data.
A device for viewing and/or illuminating a target surface in an evacuated chamber having condensable vapor therein, the device comprising: a first section with a through hole having a first end with a first opening and a second end with a second opening; and a second section having a chamber comprising a first portion with a first opening, a second portion with a second opening and a gas inlet, where the second opening is covered with a first window, said first section is attached with the first end to the first portion of the chamber allowing free passage between the chamber and the first section, said gas inlet is connectable to a gas reservoir for feeding a gas into the chamber for prohibiting the first window in the chamber for being contaminated of the condensable vapor.
B22F 10/28 - Fusion sur lit de poudre, p.ex. fusion sélective par laser [FSL] ou fusion par faisceau d’électrons [EBM]
B22F 12/82 - Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
20.
Methods for detecting a position of an energy beam spot and apparatuses for performing the same
A method for detecting a position of an energy beam comprises mapping a first density modulated x-ray signal with a plurality of locations on an energy beam target, thereby generating a model of a background x-ray intensity. The method further comprises forming an x-ray signal time series using subsequent intensity modulated x-ray signals, each resulting from scanning the energy beam along the energy beam target in one of a plurality of directions at one of a plurality of speeds, and determining the position of the energy beam based upon a received x-ray signal strength based on the x-ray signal time series and the model of the background x-ray intensity.
G01T 1/29 - Mesure effectuée sur des faisceaux de radiations, p.ex. sur la position ou la section du faisceau; Mesure de la distribution spatiale de radiations
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B22F 10/28 - Fusion sur lit de poudre, p.ex. fusion sélective par laser [FSL] ou fusion par faisceau d’électrons [EBM]
B22F 12/90 - Moyens de commande ou de régulation des opérations, p.ex. caméras ou capteurs
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
Various embodiments of the present invention relate to a method of using of a focus lens in additive manufacturing for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion, with a high energy beam, of parts of at least one layer of a powder bed provided on a work table, which parts correspond to successive cross sections of the three dimensional article, said method comprising the step of: using said focus lens for varying a spot size of said high energy beam on said powder bed as a function of an already fused thickness of said three-dimensional article below said powder which is to be fused. The invention is also related to a method for forming a three dimensional article.
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
Provided is an additive manufacturing apparatus for additive manufacturing of three dimensional objects by selectively solidifying a powder material layer by layer in a process chamber, wherein the apparatus comprises a powder distributor movable across a build area of a build tank for applying a layer of powder material thereon and a solidification device for selectively solidifying the applied powder layer at positions corresponding to a cross section of the object to be manufactured and a control unit adapted to repeat the steps of applying and selectively solidifying until the object is completed, wherein at least one support structure for supporting the powder distributor and/or a bellows assembly associated there-with is connectable to a cooling/heating media supply outside the process chamber and the support structure and/or the bellows assembly is adapted for transporting the cooling/heating media to and from the powder distributor. Certain embodiments further or alternatively include a bellows assembly connected or connectable to a cooling/heating media supply positioned outside the process chamber, the bellows assembly being configured for transporting the cooling/heating media to and from the powder distributor.
An additive manufacturing apparatus includes a process chamber housing enclosing a process chamber. The process chamber housing includes a first separable process chamber housing portion and a second separable process chamber housing portion. The first separable process chamber housing portion includes a top of the process chamber housing and the second separable process chamber housing portion includes a bottom of the process chamber housing. The first separable process chamber housing portion meets the second separable process chamber housing portion at a junction that extends about a periphery of the process chamber housing portion in a closed configuration. The process chamber housing has an open configuration where the first separable process housing portion and the second separable process housing portion are separated to provide an access spacing between the first separable housing portion and the second separable housing portion.
An additive manufacturing apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of layers of a powder material, which parts correspond to successive cross-sections of the three-dimensional article includes a process chamber housing enclosing a process chamber. A rotatable support conveyor is rotatably connected to a bottom of the process chamber housing by a rotatable shaft. The rotatable support conveyor includes an opening that extends therethrough for dispensing powder material from a powder storage vessel located on the rotatable support conveyor and a powder distributor that includes a rake portion that is located between the rotatable support conveyor and the bottom of the process chamber housing.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
A depowdering apparatus for depowdering a cake comprising a build part includes a depowdering chamber, a blast nozzle, and a build elevator. The depowdering chamber includes a bottom surface and a build inlet extending through the bottom surface, where the build inlet includes an inlet axis that is substantially vertically oriented. The blast nozzle is positioned within the depowdering chamber and oriented to direct a fluid stream toward the inlet axis. The blast nozzle is laterally spaced from the inlet axis and operable to revolve about the inlet axis on a travel path encircling the inlet axis. The build elevator is arranged below the build inlet in a vertical direction and is operable to raise the cake comprising the build part through the build inlet and into the depowdering chamber along the inlet axis as the blast nozzle is revolved about the inlet axis on the travel path.
Devices, systems, and methods for monitoring a powder layer in additive manufacturing are disclosed. A method of monitoring a powder layer includes receiving image data corresponding the powder layer supported by a powder bed within a build chamber from imaging devices, determining leading and trailing regions of interest located adjacent to a leading end and a trailing end of the moving powder distributor, respectively, the leading and trailing regions of interest moving according to movement of the moving powder distributor, selecting at least one point located in the leading region of interest from the image data, determining first characteristics of the point, when the point is located within the trailing region of interest, determining second characteristics of the point, and comparing the first characteristics to the second characteristics.
B29C 67/00 - Techniques de façonnage non couvertes par les groupes , ou
B22F 10/00 - Fabrication additive de pièces ou d’objets à partir de poudres métalliques
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
G06V 10/25 - Détermination d’une région d’intérêt [ROI] ou d’un volume d’intérêt [VOI]
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
Devices, systems, and methods for monitoring a powder layer in additive manufacturing are disclosed. A method includes receiving leading and trailing image data from an image signal processor that is optically coupled to a plurality of leading and trailing optical fibers arranged on a moving powder distributor, the leading and trailing image data corresponding to images of the powder layer, selecting at least one point on the powder bed that is located within a leading region of interest, determining first characteristics of the point, when the point is located within a trailing region of interest due to movement of the moving powder distributor, determining second characteristics of the point, and comparing the first characteristics to the second characteristics to monitor the powder layer distributed by the moving powder distributor.
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
A standard reference plate is configured for insertion into an additive manufacturing apparatus for calibrating an electron beam of the additive manufacturing apparatus. The standard reference plate includes a lower plate and an upper plate being essentially in parallel and attached spaced apart from each other, the upper plate including a plurality of holes. A predetermined hollow pattern is provided inside the holes, and a spacing between the holes and the size of the holes and a distance between the upper plate and the lower plate and a position of an x-ray sensor of the additive manufacturing apparatus with respect to the standard reference plate are arranged so that x-rays emanating from the lower plate, when the electron beam is passing through a hollow part of the hollow pattern, will not pass directly from the lower plate through any one of the holes to the x-ray sensor.
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
G01T 1/29 - Mesure effectuée sur des faisceaux de radiations, p.ex. sur la position ou la section du faisceau; Mesure de la distribution spatiale de radiations
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B33Y 50/00 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
H01J 37/305 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour couler, fondre, évaporer ou décaper
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
B22F 10/28 - Fusion sur lit de poudre, p.ex. fusion sélective par laser [FSL] ou fusion par faisceau d’électrons [EBM]
B22F 12/90 - Moyens de commande ou de régulation des opérations, p.ex. caméras ou capteurs
B22F 10/31 - Commande ou régulation des opérations Étalonnage des étapes de procédé ou réglages des appareils, p.ex. avant ou en cours de fabrication
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, comprising the steps of: providing at least one model of said three-dimensional article, moving a support structure in z-direction at a predetermined speed while rotating said support structure at a predetermined speed, directing a first and second energy beam causing said powder layer to fuse in first and second selected locations according to said model, wherein a first cover area of said first energy beam on said powder layer is arranged at a predetermined minimum distance and non-overlapping from a second cover area of said second energy beam on said powder layer, a trajectory of said first cover area and a trajectory of said second cover area are at least one of overlapping each other, abutting each other or separated to each other when said support structure is rotated a full lap.
B23K 26/144 - Travail par rayon laser, p.ex. soudage, découpage ou perçage en utilisant un écoulement de fluide, p.ex. un jet de gaz, associé au faisceau laser; Buses à cet effet l'écoulement de fluide contenant des particules, p.ex. de la poudre
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, the method comprising the steps of: providing a model of the at least one three dimensional article; applying a first powder layer on a first build platform and on a second build platform; directing a deflectable laser beam from a laser beam source arranged in a first position to cause the first powder layer to fuse in a first selected locations on the first build platform according to the model; at least one of rotating or tilting the laser beam source a predetermined angle to a second position; and directing the deflectable laser beam from the laser beam source in the second position to cause the first powder layer to fuse in a second selected locations on the second build platform according to the model.
An electron beam melting machine and a method of operation are provided which maintains constant energy absorption within a build layer by adjusting an incident energy level to compensate for energy not absorbed by the additive powder. This unabsorbed energy is detected in the form of electron emissions, which include secondary electrons, backscattered electrons, and/or electrons which are transmitted through the build platform.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
32.
Additive manufacturing of three-dimensional articles
The present invention relates to a methods, computer program products, program elements, and apparatuses for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article. The method comprising the steps of providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam for at least one of heating or fusing the powder material, where the electron beam source comprises a cathode and an anode, and varying an accelerator voltage between the cathode and the anode between at least a first and second predetermined value during the forming of the three-dimensional article.
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
The present invention relates to a method for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article, the method comprising the step of heating a first portion of a support surface while depositing a layer of powder material on a second portion of the support surface.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 3/00 - Fabrication de pièces ou d'objets à partir de poudres métalliques, caractérisée par le mode de compactage ou de frittage; Appareils spécialement adaptés à cet effet
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
B29K 105/00 - Présentation, forme ou état de la matière moulée
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
B01J 8/04 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solides; Appareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules immobiles, p.ex. dans des lits fixes le fluide passant successivement à travers plusieurs lits
C01B 3/02 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène
C01B 3/38 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants avec des catalyseurs
C01B 3/48 - Production d'hydrogène ou de mélanges gazeux contenant de l'hydrogène par réaction de composés organiques gazeux ou liquides avec des agents gazéifiants, p.ex. de l'eau, du gaz carbonique, de l'air par réaction d'hydrocarbures avec des agents gazéifiants suivie par une réaction de la vapeur d'eau avec l'oxyde de carbone
The invention relates to a method for estimating a powder layer thickness in an additive manufacturing machine (1) when forming a three-dimensional article (2) layer by layer by successive fusion of selected areas of powder layers, which selected areas correspond to successive layers of the three-dimensional article. The method comprises the steps of applying a first powder layer and selectively melting the first powder layer with an energy beam (11) and thereafter measuring the temperature of the first powder layer at a plurality of time point. The method further comprises the step of providing a mathematical function giving a reference temperature as a function of time, which mathematical function is based on the measured temperatures of the first powder layer at the plurality of time points, applying a second powder layer on top of the first powder layer and measuring the temperature of the second powder layer at a predetermined time point, and estimating the powder layer thickness of the second powder layer based on the measured temperature of the second powder layer and the reference temperature calculated by means of the mathematical function for the predetermined time point.
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
G01B 21/08 - Dispositions pour la mesure ou leurs détails, où la technique de mesure n'est pas couverte par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe, est non spécifiée ou est non significative pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
35.
X-RAY REFERENCE OBJECT, X-RAY DETECTOR, ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CALIBRATING THE SAME
The present invention relates to an additive manufacturing apparatus comprising an X-ray reference object (18) for calibrating an electron beam unit in the additive manufacturing apparatus by detecting X-rays generated by sweeping an electron beam from the electron beam unit over a reference surface (19) of the X-ray reference object (18) and processing the detected signals, the X-ray reference object (18) comprising a support body (20) that has a top surface (21) and comprises a plurality of holes (22) in the top surface (21), The X-ray reference object (18) comprises a plurality of target members (23) inserted into the plurality of holes (22) of the support body (20). The present invention also relates to an X-ray detector to be used in the additive manufacturing apparatus, and to a method for calibrating such an additive manufacturing apparatus.
B33Y 40/00 - Opérations ou équipements auxiliaires, p.ex. pour la manipulation de matériau
B33Y 50/00 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
B33Y 99/00 - Matière non prévue dans les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
H01J 37/30 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
H01J 37/304 - Commande des tubes par une information en provenance des objets, p.ex. signaux de correction
H01J 37/244 - Détecteurs; Composants ou circuits associés
H01J 37/305 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour couler, fondre, évaporer ou décaper
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
G01T 1/29 - Mesure effectuée sur des faisceaux de radiations, p.ex. sur la position ou la section du faisceau; Mesure de la distribution spatiale de radiations
36.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING ILLUMINATION IN AN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
An apparatus for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, which parts corresponds to successive cross sections of the three-dimensional article, the apparatus comprising: a powder distributor configured for evenly distributing a layer of powder on top of a work table provided inside a build chamber; and at least one high energy beam source emanating at least one high energy beam configured for fusing the powder layer in selected locations corresponding to the cross section of the three-dimensional article, wherein the apparatus further comprising at least one target area arranged spaced apart from the layer of powder for emanating light when irradiated by the at least one high energy beam.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 40/00 - Opérations ou équipements auxiliaires, p.ex. pour la manipulation de matériau
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
37.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FORMING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARTICLE
In a first aspect the invention relates to an apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article (2) through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together with an electron beam (16) from an electron beam source (7) so as to form the article (2) according to a computer model thereof, the apparatus (1) comprising a chamber (3) having a first section (4) and a second section (5) openly connected to each other, the individual layers of powder material that are fused together are provided in the first section (4), the second section (5) comprising the electron beam source (7) and an electromagnetic focus coil (9) having an axially extending center axis. The apparatus is characterized in that the second section (5) further comprises a reflector coil (19) arranged radially outside the electromagnetic focus coil (9), wherein the direction of windings of the reflector coil (19) is opposite the direction of windings of the electromagnetic focus coil (9). In a second aspect the invention relates to a coil arrangement for such an apparatus. In a third aspect the invention also relates to a method for controlling the apparatus.
The invention relates to a method for controlling an energy beam (3) in an additive manufacturing machine when forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer by successive fusion of selected areas of powder layers, which selected areas correspond to successive layers of the three-dimensional article. The method comprises the steps of radiating a powder layer (6) by the energy beam (3) and creating a set of images of the powder layer for a set of positions on the powder layer by detecting particles emitted, backscattered or reflected from the powder layer (6) when being radiated, comparing data representing the set of images and reference data with each other for identifying a difference between the energy beam (3) when used on the powder layer (6) and the reference data, with respect to at least one energy beam parameter, and adjusting the energy beam (3) based on such an identified difference between the energy beam (3) when used on the powder layer (6) and the reference data.
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
G01N 23/203 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de rayonnement [ondes ou particules], p.ex. rayons X ou neutrons, non couvertes par les groupes , ou en utilisant la réflexion de la radiation par les matériaux en mesurant la rétrodiffusion
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
G01N 23/2251 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de rayonnement [ondes ou particules], p.ex. rayons X ou neutrons, non couvertes par les groupes , ou en mesurant l'émission secondaire de matériaux en utilisant des microsondes électroniques ou ioniques en utilisant des faisceaux d’électrons incidents, p.ex. la microscopie électronique à balayage [SEM]
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
B23K 26/34 - Soudage au laser pour des finalités autres que l’assemblage
39.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR VIEWING AND/OR ILLUMINATING A TARGET SURFACE IN AN EVACUATED CHAMBER HAVING CONDENSABLE VAPOR THEREIN
A device for viewing and/or illuminating a target surface in an evacuated chamber having condensable vapor therein, the device comprising: a first section with a through hole having a first end with a first opening and a second end with a second opening; and a second section having a chamber comprising a first portion with a first opening, a second portion with a second opening and a gas inlet, where the second opening is covered with a first window, said first section is attached with the first end to the first portion of the chamber allowing free passage between the chamber and the first section, said gas inlet is connectable to a gas reservoir for feeding a gas into the chamber for prohibiting the first window in the chamber for being contaminated of the condensable vapor.
G01N 21/15 - Prévention de la souillure des éléments du système optique ou de l'obstruction du chemin lumineux
G01N 21/3563 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge pour l'analyse de solides; Préparation des échantillons à cet effet
G01N 21/359 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge en utilisant la lumière de l'infrarouge proche
G01N 21/88 - Recherche de la présence de criques, de défauts ou de souillures
G02B 27/00 - Systèmes ou appareils optiques non prévus dans aucun des groupes ,
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B23K 26/14 - Travail par rayon laser, p.ex. soudage, découpage ou perçage en utilisant un écoulement de fluide, p.ex. un jet de gaz, associé au faisceau laser; Buses à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
C23C 14/52 - Dispositifs pour observer le processus de revêtement
C23C 14/54 - Commande ou régulation du processus de revêtement
G01N 21/84 - Systèmes spécialement adaptés à des applications particulières
The invention relates to a powder distributor device (11) for an additive manufacturing apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer from a powder. The powder distributor device (11) comprises a worktable (16) and a unit (17) displaceably connected to the worktable for forming a powder layer on a build area. The powder distributor device (11) comprises a spring suspension arrangement (20) by which arrangement the powder layer forming unit (17) is connected to the worktable (16) for enabling thermal expansion induced movement of the powder layer forming unit relative to the worktable.
A method for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed comprising: providing a model of the three dimensional article, applying a first powder layer on a work table, directing an energy beam over the work table causing the first powder layer to fuse in selected locations according to the model to form a first cross section of the three-dimensional article, applying a second powder layer on the work table, directing the energy beam over the work table causing the second powder layer to fuse in selected locations according to the model to form a second cross section of the three-dimensional article, wherein the second layer is bonded to the first layer, detecting a local thickness in at least two positions in at least the second powder layer, varying an energy beam parameter depending on the detected local thickness of the second powder layer.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
Provided is an additive manufacturing apparatus for additive manufacturing of three dimensional objects by selectively solidifying a powder material layer by layer in a process chamber, wherein the apparatus comprises a powder distributor movable across a build area of a build tank for applying a layer of powder material thereon and a solidification device for selectively solidifying the applied powder layer at positions corresponding to a cross section of the object to be manufactured and a control unit adapted to repeat the steps of applying and selectively solidifying until the object is completed, wherein at least one support structure for supporting the powder distributor and/or a bellows assembly associated there-with is connectable to a cooling/heating media supply outside the process chamber and the support structure and/or the bellows assembly is adapted for transporting the cooling/heating media to and from the powder distributor. Certain embodiments further or alternatively include a bellows assembly connected or connectable to a cooling/heating media supply positioned outside the process chamber, the bellows assembly being configured for transporting the cooling/heating media to and from the powder distributor.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
Described is an additive manufacturing apparatus for additive manufacturing of three dimensional objects, said apparatus comprises a powder distribution unit movable across a build area for applying a layer of powder material thereon and a solidification device for selectively solidifying the applied powder layer at positions corresponding to a cross section of the object to be manufactured. Said powder distribution unit comprises at least a first and a second powder distributors essentially in parallel with each other and extending in a first direction, said first and second powder distributors are arranged to be adjustably spaced apart in a second direction transversely to said first direction which second direction is essentially in parallel with the direction of movement of said powder distribution unit over said build area.
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B22F 1/052 - Poudres métalliques caractérisées par la dimension ou la surface spécifique des particules caractérisées par un mélange de particules de dimensions différentes ou par la distribution granulométrique des particules
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 40/00 - Opérations ou équipements auxiliaires, p.ex. pour la manipulation de matériau
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
44.
A METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING POWDER MATERIAL
Described is an additive manufacturing apparatus for additive manufacturing of three dimensional objects, said apparatus comprises a powder distribution unit movable across a build area for applying a layer of powder material thereon and a solidification device for selectively solidifying the applied powder layer at positions corresponding to a cross section of the object to be manufactured. Said powder distribution unit comprises at least a first and a second powder distributors essentially in parallel with each other and extending in a first direction, said first and second powder distributors are arranged to be adjustably spaced apart in a second direction transversely to said first direction which second direction is essentially in parallel with the direction of movement of said powder distribution unit over said build area.
Described is a build chamber (1) for an additive manufacturing apparatus (100) for forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer from a powder. The build chamber (1) comprising a build chamber base body (2) and said build chamber base body (2) is formed by at least two segments (4) telescopically coupled together.
The invention relates to a build chamber (1) for an additive manufacturing apparatus (100) for forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer from a powder. The build chamber (1) comprising a build chamber base body (2) and the build chamber base body (2) is formed by at least two segments (4) telescopically coupled together. Associated with the telescopically coupled segments are one or more bellows assemblies, further coupled to support structure configured to raise and/or lower the build table. An associated method is also provided.
Described is a build chamber that comprises a telescopic build tank operatively connected at opposing ends to a powder table and a build table, the telescopic build tank comprising at least two segments telescopically coupled relative to one another, each of the at least two segments comprising a set of engagement grooves located on an interior surface of the at least two segments and a set of engagement pins located on an exterior surface of the at least two segments. The set of engagement pins is configured to engage with and travel along a corresponding set of engagement grooves of another of the at least two segments, and each engagement groove comprises a first axially extending channel positioned along a single axis and having at least one closed end, the at least one closed end being configured to impede separation of the at least two segments relative to one another.
F16B 7/20 - Assemblages de barres ou assemblages de tubes, p.ex. de section non circulaire, y compris les assemblages élastiques utilisant des assemblages à baïonnette
48.
Compact build tank for an additive manufacturing apparatus
Described is a build chamber that comprises a telescopic build tank operatively connected at opposing ends to a powder table and a build table, the telescopic build tank comprising at least two segments telescopically coupled relative to one another, each of the at least two segments comprising a set of engagement grooves located on an interior surface of the at least two segments and a set of engagement pins located on an exterior surface of the at least two segments. The set of engagement pins is configured to engage with and travel along a corresponding set of engagement grooves of another of the at least two segments, and each engagement groove comprises a first axially extending channel positioned along a single axis and having at least one closed end, the at least one closed end being configured to impede separation of the at least two segments relative to one another.
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B33Y 40/00 - Opérations ou équipements auxiliaires, p.ex. pour la manipulation de matériau
B29C 64/232 - Moyens d’entraînement pour un mouvement le long de l'axe orthogonal au plan d’une couche
F16B 7/20 - Assemblages de barres ou assemblages de tubes, p.ex. de section non circulaire, y compris les assemblages élastiques utilisant des assemblages à baïonnette
49.
Build tank for an additive manufacturing apparatus
Described is a build chamber for an additive manufacturing apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer from a powder. The build chamber comprises a build chamber base body and said build chamber base body is formed by at least two segments telescopically coupled together.
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B22F 1/00 - Poudres métalliques; Traitement des poudres métalliques, p.ex. en vue de faciliter leur mise en œuvre ou d'améliorer leurs propriétés
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
The invention relates to a build chamber (1) for an additive manufacturing apparatus (100) for forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer from a powder. The build chamber (1) comprising a build chamber base body (2) and the build chamber base body (2) is formed by at least two segments (4) telescopically coupled together. Associated with the telescopically coupled segments are one or more bellows assemblies, further coupled to support structure configured to raise and/or lower the build table. An associated method is also provided.
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 1/00 - Poudres métalliques; Traitement des poudres métalliques, p.ex. en vue de faciliter leur mise en œuvre ou d'améliorer leurs propriétés
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B33Y 40/00 - Opérations ou équipements auxiliaires, p.ex. pour la manipulation de matériau
B29C 64/232 - Moyens d’entraînement pour un mouvement le long de l'axe orthogonal au plan d’une couche
F16B 7/20 - Assemblages de barres ou assemblages de tubes, p.ex. de section non circulaire, y compris les assemblages élastiques utilisant des assemblages à baïonnette
Provided is an electron beam source for generating an electron beam comprising a cathode, an anode and a grid for regulating an electron beam current. The cathode has a base and a protrusion with sidewalls and a top surface. The base surface and the top surface are essentially flat. The base surface and the top surface are arranged at a predetermined distance from each other. The base is larger than the protrusion. The electron beam source further comprising a control unit adapted for changing an applied voltage to the grid for switching a spot size of the electron beam on a target surface between at least a first a first spot size corresponding to emission from the top surface of the cathode only and to a second spot size corresponding to emission from the top surface and the base surface of the cathode.
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
H01J 37/302 - Commande des tubes par une information d'origine externe, p.ex. commande par programme
H01J 37/317 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour modifier les propriétés des objets ou pour leur appliquer des revêtements en couche mince, p.ex. implantation d'ions
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
An electron beam source comprising a cathode, an anode, a means for deflecting an electron beam over a target surface and at least one vacuum pump, the electron beam source further comprising a contraction area arranged between the anode and the means for deflecting the electron beam where a hole in the contraction area is aligned with a hole in the anode with respect to the cathode, a first vacuum pump is arranged between the contraction area and the anode and a second vacuum pump is arranged above the anode, a gas inlet is provided between the contraction area and the means for deflecting the electron beam, wherein a first crossover of the electron beam is arranged at or in close proximity to the contraction area.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
H01J 37/304 - Commande des tubes par une information en provenance des objets, p.ex. signaux de correction
B23K 15/06 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons dans une enceinte sous vide
Provided is an electron beam source (200) for generating an electron beam comprising a cathode (240), an anode and a grid for regulating an electron beam current. The cathode has a base (242) and a protrusion (244) with sidewalls (247) and a top surface (248). The base surface and the top surface are essentially flat. The base surface and the top surface are arranged at a predetermined distance D from each other. The base is larger than the protrusion. The electron beam source further comprising a control unit adapted for changing an applied voltage to the grid for switching a spot size of the electron beam on a target surface between at least a first a first spot size corresponding to emission from the top surface of the cathode only and to a second spot size corresponding to emission from the top surface and the base surface of the cathode.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
An electron beam source including a cathode, an anode, a means for deflecting an electron beam over a target surface and at least one vacuum pump, the electron beam source further including a contraction area arranged between the anode and the means for deflecting the electron beam where a hole in the contraction area is aligned with a hole in the anode with respect to the cathode, a first vacuum pump is arranged between the contraction area and the anode and a second vacuum pump is arranged above the anode, a gas inlet is provided between the contraction area and the means for deflecting the electron beam, wherein a first crossover of the electron beam is arranged between the cathode and the anode and a second crossover is arranged at or in close proximity to the contraction area.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B23K 15/06 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons dans une enceinte sous vide
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
H01J 37/304 - Commande des tubes par une information en provenance des objets, p.ex. signaux de correction
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
H01J 37/301 - Dispositifs permettant aux faisceaux de passer d'une région à une autre région à pression différente
Provided is a seal (19) for sealing against powder between a cylinder (14) of a build tank (5) and a build table (9) arranged in the cylinder of an additive manufacturing apparatus (1) for forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer from a powder. The seal (19) has an endless ring portion (21) for extending along a circumference of an inner surface (20) of the cylinder (14) and abutting against the inner surface (20).
F16J 15/3228 - Joints d'étanchéité entre deux surfaces mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre par joints élastiques, p.ex. joints toriques avec au moins une lèvre formée par déformation d’une bague plate
56.
AN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING APPARATUS COMPRISING A BUILD CHAMBER WITH A HEAT EXCHANGER
Provided is an additive manufacturing apparatus (1) for forming a three-dimensional article (2) layer by layer from a powder. The apparatus comprising an outer casing (3) forming a build chamber (4), and a build tank (5) arranged inside the casing in the build chamber. The apparatus (1) further comprises an arrangement (20) for controlling a temperature of the apparatus. The temperature control arrangement (20) comprises at least a first circuit (21) for a first working fluid. The first circuit being arranged at a wall portion (40; 50) of the apparatus for transferring heat between the build chamber (4) and the first working fluid.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/255 - Enceintes pour le matériau de construction, p.ex. récipients pour poudre
B29C 64/295 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet Éléments de chauffage
Described is a method for analyzing a build layer (1; 11) in an additive manufacturing machine when forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer by successive fusion of selected areas of powder layers, which selected areas correspond to successive layers of the three- dimensional article. The method comprises the steps of radiating a portion (4; 14) of the build layer (1; 11) by an energy beam and detecting particles emitted, backscattered or reflected from the radiated portion of the build layer, and scanning the portion (4; 14) of the build layer by moving the energy beam along a main path (5; 15) and simultaneously moving the energy beamback-and- forth across the main path in a meandering pattern (6; 16).
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B33Y 50/00 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
The invention relates to a platform device (4) for forming a three-dimensional article (2) in an additive manufacturing machine layer by layer by successive fusion of selected areas of powder layers (3), which selected areas correspond to successive layers of the three-dimensional article. The platform device (4) has a support member (5) with a surface (6) for receiving powder. The support member (5) is rotatable about a first rotation axis (13) extending in a direction (15) substantially perpendicular to the surface (6). The support member (5) and the first rotation axis (13) are rotatable about a second rotation axis (14) arranged substantially in parallel with and offset to the first rotation axis (13).
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
Described is a method for analyzing a build layer (1; 11) in an additive manufacturing machine when forming a three-dimensional article layer by layer by successive fusion of selected areas of powder layers, which selected areas correspond to successive layers of the three-dimensional article. The method comprises the steps of radiating a portion (4; 14) of the build layer (1; 11) by an energy beam and detecting particles emitted, backscattered or reflected from the radiated portion of the build layer, and scanning the portion (4; 14) of the build layer by moving the energy beam along a main path (5; 15) and simultaneously moving the energy beam back-and-forth across the main path in a meandering pattern (6; 16).
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
G06F 30/00 - Conception assistée par ordinateur [CAO]
The invention relates to a platform device (4) for forming a three-dimensional article (2) in an additive manufacturing machine layer by layer by successive fusion of selected areas of powder layers (3), which selected areas correspond to successive layers of the three-dimensional article. The platform device (4) has a support member (5) with a surface (6) for receiving powder. The support member (5) is rotatable about a first rotation axis (13) extending in a direction (15) substantially perpendicular to the surface (6). The support member (5) and the first rotation axis (13) are rotatable about a second rotation axis (14) arranged substantially in parallel with and off-set to the first rotation axis (13).
B29C 64/232 - Moyens d’entraînement pour un mouvement le long de l'axe orthogonal au plan d’une couche
B29C 64/241 - Moyens d’entraînement pour mouvement rotatif
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
A method for detecting electron beam filament wear in an electron beam source, the method comprising the steps of: enlarging a beam spot emanating from the electron beam source on a work table to a predetermined minimum size, capturing an image of the beam spot on the work table by a camera, comparing the captured image of the beam spot with a reference image, and detecting filament wear if the captured image is deviating more than a predetermined value from the reference image.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/393 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
62.
Method and apparatus for detecting electron beam source filament wear
A method for detecting electron beam filament wear in an electron beam source, the method comprising the steps of: enlarging a beam spot emanating from the electron beam source on a work table to a predetermined minimum size, capturing an image of the beam spot on the work table by a camera, comparing the captured image of the beam spot with a reference image, and detecting filament wear if the captured image is deviating more than a predetermined value from the reference image.
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed on a support structure, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one model of the three-dimensional article, lowering the support structure a predetermined distance and rotating the support structure a predetermined angle in a first direction before applying a first powder layer covering the lowered and rotated support structure, rotating the at least one model by the predetermined angle in the first direction before directing the at least one first energy beam from the at least one first energy beam source at selected locations for fusing the first powder layer, the at least one first energy beam source causing the first powder layer on the stationary support structure which is stationary to fuse in the selected locations according to the model to form first portions of the three- dimensional article.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed on a support structure, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one model of the three-dimensional article, lowering the support structure a predetermined distance and rotating the support structure a predetermined angle in a first direction before applying a first powder layer covering the lowered and rotated support structure, rotating the at least one model by the predetermined angle in the first direction before directing the at least one first energy beam from the at least one first energy beam source at selected locations for fusing the first powder layer, the at least one first energy beam source causing the first powder layer on the stationary support structure which is stationary to fuse in the selected locations according to the model to form first portions of the three- dimensional article.
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed on a support structure, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one model of the three-dimensional article, lowering the support structure a predetermined distance and rotating the support structure a predetermined angle in a first direction before applying a first powder layer covering the lowered and rotated support structure, rotating the support structure the predetermined angle in a second direction opposite to the first direction before directing the at least one first energy beam from the at least one first energy beam source at selected locations of the first powder layer, the at least one first energy beam source causing the first powder layer on the stationary support structure which is stationary to fuse in the selected locations according to the model to form first portions of the three-dimensional article.
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/241 - Moyens d’entraînement pour mouvement rotatif
Disclosed is a method for manufacturing three-dimensional articles with porosity. A model is created of a porous structure, said creating step comprising the steps of: defining a three-dimensional space comprising a predetermined pattern of nodes, wherein said nodes are connected together in a predetermined manner with struts, moving each node in said three-dimensional space a randomized distance, which distance is less than a predetermined value and in a randomized direction, slicing said three-dimensional space into a predetermined number of two-dimensional layers with a predetermined thickness, slicing said three-dimensional article into two-dimensional layers with a predetermined thickness, applying one two-dimensional layer of said article on one two-dimensional layer of said porous structure resulting in a porous two-dimensional layer of said article, repeating said applying step for all two dimensional layers of said article, manufacturing the three-dimensional article with porosity according to the model by exposing fusible material to an energy source.
B22F 3/11 - Fabrication de pièces ou d'objets poreux
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 10/38 - Commande ou régulation des opérations pour obtenir des caractéristiques spécifiques du produit, p.ex. le lissage de la surface, la densité, la porosité ou des structures creuses
B29K 105/04 - Présentation, forme ou état de la matière moulée cellulaire ou poreuse
67.
Method and apparatus for detecting defects in freeform fabrication
A method for detecting defects in three-dimensional articles. Providing a model of said article. Providing a first powder layer on a substrate, directing an energy beam over said substrate causing said first powder layer to fuse in selected locations forming a first cross section of said three-dimensional article, providing a second powder layer on said substrate, directing the energy beam over said substrate causing said second powder layer to fuse in selected locations to form a second cross section of said three-dimensional article. A first and second image of a first and second fusion zone of said first powder layer respectively is captured. Comparing said first and second images with corresponding layers in said model. Detecting a defect in the three-dimensional article if a deviation in said first image with respect to said model is at least partially overlapping a deviation in said second image with respect to said model.
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
G01N 21/95 - Recherche de la présence de criques, de défauts ou de souillures caractérisée par le matériau ou la forme de l'objet à analyser
B32B 15/01 - Produits stratifiés composés essentiellement de métal toutes les couches étant composées exclusivement de métal
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 10/85 - Acquisition ou traitement des données pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
Various embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for welding a workpiece comprising the steps of: making a first weld at a first position on said workpiece with a high energy beam, deflecting the high energy beam with at least one deflection lens for making a second weld at a second position on said workpiece, focusing the high energy beam on said workpiece with at least one focusing lens, shaping the high energy beam on said workpiece with at least one astigmatism lens so that the shape of the high energy beam on said workpiece is longer in a direction parallel to a deflection direction of said high energy beam than in a direction perpendicular to said deflection direction of said high energy beam. The invention is also related to the use of an astigmatism lens and to a method for forming a three dimensional article.
B23K 26/064 - Mise en forme du faisceau laser, p.ex. à l’aide de masques ou de foyers multiples au moyen d'éléments optiques, p.ex lentilles, miroirs ou prismes
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B23K 26/06 - Mise en forme du faisceau laser, p.ex. à l’aide de masques ou de foyers multiples
B23K 26/073 - Détermination de la configuration du spot laser
G02B 27/09 - Mise en forme du faisceau, p.ex. changement de la section transversale, non prévue ailleurs
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
A method for producing three-dimensional objects layer by layer using a powdery material which can be solidified by irradiating it with at least two electron beams, said method comprises a pre-heating step, wherein the pre-heating step comprises the sub-step of scanning a pre-heating powder layer area (100) by scanning a first electron beam in a first region (I) and by scanning a second electron beam in a second region (II) distributed over the pre-heating powder layer area (100), wherein consecutively scanned paths are separated by, at least, a security distance (ΔY), said sub-step further comprising the step of synchronising the preheating of said first and second electron beams when simultaneously preheating said powder material within said first and second regions respectively, so that said first and second electron beams are always separated to each other with at least a minimum security distance (ΔX).
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
B23K 15/06 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons dans une enceinte sous vide
B29C 64/277 - Agencements pour irradiation utilisant des moyens de rayonnement multiples, p.ex. des micro-miroirs ou des diodes électroluminescentes multiples [LED]
B23K 26/082 - Systèmes de balayage, c. à d. des dispositifs comportant un mouvement relatif entre le faisceau laser et la tête du laser
A method for producing three-dimensional objects layer by layer using a powdery material which can be solidified by irradiating it with at least two electron beams, said method comprises a pre-heating step, wherein the pre-heating step comprises the sub-step of scanning a pre-heating powder layer area (100) by scanning a first electron beam in a first region (I) and by scanning a second electron beam in a second region (II) distributed over the pre-heating powder layer area (100), wherein consecutively scanned paths are separated by, at least, a security distance (ΔY), said sub-step further comprising the step of synchronising the preheating of said first and second electron beams when simultaneously preheating said powder material within said first and second regions respectively, so that said first and second electron beams are always separated to each other with at least a minimum security distance (ΔX).
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/277 - Agencements pour irradiation utilisant des moyens de rayonnement multiples, p.ex. des micro-miroirs ou des diodes électroluminescentes multiples [LED]
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
71.
Apparatus, method, and computer program product for fusing a workpiece
Provided is an apparatus that includes a high energy beam configured to make a first weld at a first position on a workpiece; at least one deflection lens configured to deflect the high energy beam so as to cause the high energy beam to make a second weld at a second position; at least one focusing lens configured to focus the high energy beam; at least one astigmatism lens; and at least one controller. The controller is configured to shape the high energy beam so that the shape of the high energy beam on the workpiece is longer in a direction parallel to a deflection direction of the high energy beam than in a direction perpendicular to the deflection direction of the high energy beam. A length ratio is varying as a function of the power of the energy beam, while the width in the perpendicular direction is constant.
B23K 26/34 - Soudage au laser pour des finalités autres que l’assemblage
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B23K 26/06 - Mise en forme du faisceau laser, p.ex. à l’aide de masques ou de foyers multiples
B23K 26/073 - Détermination de la configuration du spot laser
G02B 27/09 - Mise en forme du faisceau, p.ex. changement de la section transversale, non prévue ailleurs
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article, the apparatus comprising an electron beam source emanating an electron beam for fusing the powder material in a build tank, a hollow construction having an upper opening and a lower opening, means for moving the hollow construction between a first position and a second position, a synchronising unit for synchronising the movement of a powder distributor for applying the individual layers of powder material on the work table with the movement of the hollow construction so that the hollow metal construction is at the first position when fusing and/or heating the powder layer and at the second position when the powder distributor is distributing the powder material for forming the individual powder layers.
B23K 15/06 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons dans une enceinte sous vide
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
The present invention relates to an apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article, the apparatus comprising an electron beam source emanating an electron beam for fusing the powder material in a build tank, a hollow construction having an upper opening and a lower opening, means for moving the hollow construction between a first position and a second position, a synchronising unit for synchronising the movement of a powder distributor for applying the individual layers of powder material on the work table with the movement of the hollow construction so that the hollow metal construction is at the first position when fusing and/or heating the powder layer and at the second position when the powder distributor is distributing the powder material for forming the individual powder layers.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
74.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING A THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARTICLE
An apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, which parts corresponds to successive cross sections of the three-dimensional article, said apparatus comprising: a powder distributor configured for evenly distributing a layer of powder on top of a work table provided inside a vacuum chamber; and an electron beam source emanating an electron beam configured for fusing the powder layer in selected locations corresponding to said cross section of the three-dimensional article, wherein: said powder distributor being an elongated rod provided movable at a predetermined distance above the powder bed and with its central axis in parallel with a top surface of said work table, wherein at least one sensor is provided on said powder distributor facing towards said electron beam source, a detector for detecting a signal sent out from said sensor when said sensor is interacting with said electron beam.
A computer program product is configured for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, which parts correspond to successive cross sections of the three-dimensional article, by: providing a model of the at least one three-dimensional article; applying a first powder layer on a work table; directing a first energy beam from a first energy beam source over the work table causing the first powder layer to fuse in first selected locations according to corresponding models to form a first cross section of the three-dimensional article, where the first energy beam is fusing at least a first region of a first cross section with parallel scan lines in a first direction; varying a distance between two adjacent scan lines, which are used for fusing the powder layer, as a function of a mean length of the two adjacent scan lines.
B33Y 80/00 - Produits obtenus par fabrication additive
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
Various embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for welding a workpiece comprising the steps of: making a first weld at a first position on said workpiece with a high energy beam, deflecting the high energy beam with at least one deflection lens for making a second weld at a second position on said workpiece, focusing the high energy beam on said workpiece with at least one focusing lens, shaping the high energy beam on said workpiece with at least one astigmatism lens so that the shape of the high energy beam on said workpiece is longer in a direction parallel to a deflection direction of said high energy beam than in a direction perpendicular to said deflection direction of said high energy beam. The invention is also related to the use of an astigmatism lens and to a method for forming a three dimensional article.
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
B23K 26/06 - Mise en forme du faisceau laser, p.ex. à l’aide de masques ou de foyers multiples
B23K 26/073 - Détermination de la configuration du spot laser
G02B 27/09 - Mise en forme du faisceau, p.ex. changement de la section transversale, non prévue ailleurs
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
B29K 105/00 - Présentation, forme ou état de la matière moulée
77.
Apparatus, method, and computer program product for fusing a workpiece
Various embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for welding a workpiece comprising the steps of: making a first weld at a first position on said workpiece with a high energy beam, deflecting the high energy beam with at least one deflection lens for making a second weld at a second position on said workpiece, focusing the high energy beam on said workpiece with at least one focusing lens, shaping the high energy beam on said workpiece with at least one astigmatism lens so that the shape of the high energy beam on said workpiece is longer in a direction parallel to a deflection direction of said high energy beam than in a direction perpendicular to said deflection direction of said high energy beam. The invention is also related to the use of an astigmatism lens and to a method for forming a three dimensional article.
A method is provided for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article. The method includes: providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam; providing a leakage current detector for sensing a current through the anode and/or the Wehnelt cup; providing a low impedance voltage source connectable to the Wehnelt cup via a switch, where the voltage source is having a more negative potential than a negative potential applied to the cathode; and protecting the cathode against vacuum arc discharge energy currents when forming the three-dimensional article by providing the Wehnelt cup to the low impedance negative voltage by closing the switch when the leakage current detector is sensing a current through the anode and/or the Wehnelt cup which is higher than a predetermined value.
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B22F 7/06 - Fabrication de couches composites, de pièces ou d'objets à base de poudres métalliques, par frittage avec ou sans compactage de pièces ou objets composés de parties différentes, p.ex. pour former des outils à embouts rapportés
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
A method is provided for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article. The method includes: providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam; providing a leakage current detector for sensing a current through the anode and/or the Wehnelt cup; providing a low impedance voltage source connectable to the Wehnelt cup via a switch, where the voltage source is having a more negative potential than a negative potential applied to the cathode; and protecting the cathode against vacuum arc discharge energy currents when forming the three-dimensional article by providing the Wehnelt cup to the low impedance negative voltage by closing the switch when the leakage current detector is sensing a current through the anode and/or the Wehnelt cup which is higher than a predetermined value.
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
B29C 64/268 - Agencements pour irradiation par faisceaux d’électrons [FE]
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
H01J 37/302 - Commande des tubes par une information d'origine externe, p.ex. commande par programme
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B22F 7/06 - Fabrication de couches composites, de pièces ou d'objets à base de poudres métalliques, par frittage avec ou sans compactage de pièces ou objets composés de parties différentes, p.ex. pour former des outils à embouts rapportés
B23K 15/06 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons dans une enceinte sous vide
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
Provided is a method for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article in a vacuum chamber, said method comprising the steps of: providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam for at least one of heating or fusing said powder material in said vacuum chamber, applying a first set of beam parameters for formation of a fused bulk material of said three- dimensional article, where said bulk material has a predetermined microstructure, applying a second set of beam parameters for formation of a top portion of said three-dimensional article, wherein said second set of beam parameters is applied a predetermined number of layers prior to reaching a top surface of said three-dimensional article for encapsulating chimney porosities into said bulk material. Associated apparatus and computer program product are also provided.
Provided is a method for forming a three dimensional article comprising the steps of: providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam for at least one of heating or fusing said powder material, where said electron beam source comprises a cathode, an anode, and a grid between said cathode and anode; controlling the electron beam source in at least two modes during said formation of said three dimensional article; applying a predetermined accelerator voltage between said cathode and said anode; applying a predetermined number of different grid voltages between said grid and said cathode for producing a corresponding predetermined number of electron beam currents; and at least one of creating or updating a look-up table or mathematical function during one of the at least two modes, wherein said look-up table or mathematical function defines a relationship between a desired electron beam current and an applied grid voltage.
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
B29K 105/00 - Présentation, forme ou état de la matière moulée
82.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL ARTICLES
Provided is a method for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article in a vacuum chamber, said method comprising the steps of: providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam for at least one of heating or fusing said powder material in said vacuum chamber, applying a first set of beam parameters for formation of a fused bulk material of said three-dimensional article, where said bulk material has a predetermined microstructure, applying a second set of beam parameters for formation of a top portion of said three-dimensional article, wherein said second set of beam parameters is applied a predetermined number of layers prior to reaching a top surface of said three-dimensional article for encapsulating chimney porosities into said bulk material. Associated apparatus and computer program product are also provided.
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, the method comprising the steps of: providing a model of the at least one three dimensional article; applying a first powder layer on at least one build platform; directing an electron beam from an inclined electron beam source over the at least one build platform where a central electron beam emanating from the source is building an angle α with respect to a normal to the build platform ≠0º, the directing of the first energy beam causing the first powder layer to fuse in a first selected locations according to the model; rotating or tilting the electron beam source a predetermined angle, directing the electron beam from the tilted or rotated electron beam source causing a first powder layer to fuse in a second selected locations according to the model.
A method for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed, the method comprising the steps of: providing a model of the at least one three dimensional article; applying a first powder layer on at least one build platform; directing an electron beam from an inclined electron beam source over the at least one build platform where a central electron beam emanating from the source is building an angle α with respect to a normal to the build platform≠0°, the directing of the first energy beam causing the first powder layer to fuse in a first selected locations according to the model; rotating or tilting the electron beam source a predetermined angle, directing the electron beam from the tilted or rotated electron beam source causing a first powder layer to fuse in a second selected locations according to the model.
A method is provided for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam for at least one of heating or fusing the powder material, where the electron beam source comprises a cathode, an anode, and a Wehnelt cup between the cathode and anode; providing a guard ring between the Wehnelt cup and the anode and in close proximity to the Wehnelt cup, where the guard ring is having an aperture which is larger than an aperture of the Wehnelt cup; protecting the cathode and/or the Wehnelt cup against vacuum arc discharge energy currents when forming the three-dimensional article by providing the guard ring with a higher negative potential than the Wehnelt cup and cathode.
A method is provided for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article, the method comprising the steps of: providing at least one electron beam source emitting an electron beam for at least one of heating or fusing the powder material, where the electron beam source comprises a cathode, an anode, and a Wehnelt cup between the cathode and anode; providing a guard ring between the Wehnelt cup and the anode and in close proximity to the Wehnelt cup, where the guard ring is having an aperture which is larger than an aperture of the Wehnelt cup; protecting the cathode and/or the Wehnelt cup against vacuum arc discharge energy currents when forming the three-dimensional article by providing the guard ring with a higher negative potential than the Wehnelt cup and cathode.
H01J 37/305 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour couler, fondre, évaporer ou décaper
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
A method is provided for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a metal powder bed, which parts corresponds to successive cross sections of the three-dimensional article, the method comprising the steps of: directing the at least one electron beam from the at least one electron beam source over a work table causing a powder layer to fuse in selected locations to form a first cross section of the three-dimensional article, preheating, with the at least one electron beam, an area of non-fused powder to a temperature within a predetermined temperature range a predetermined distance in Z-direction before the area is to be fused, where the area times the distance in z-direction is defining a preheating volume of non-fused powder when the three dimensional article is finished.
A method for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a metal powder bed is provided, comprising the steps of: distributing a first metal powder layer on a work table inside a build chamber, directing at least one high energy beam from at least one high energy beam source over the work table causing the first metal powder layer to fuse in selected locations, distributing a second metal powder layer on the work table, directing at least one high energy beam over the work table causing the second metal powder layer to fuse in selected locations, introducing a first supplementary gas into the build chamber, which first supplementary gas comprising hydrogen, is capable of reacting chemically with or being absorbed by a finished three-dimensional article, and releasing a predefined concentration of the gas which had reacted chemically with or being absorbed by the finished three dimensional article.
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
A method for forming a three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a metal powder bed is provided, comprising the steps of: distributing a first metal powder layer on a work table inside a build chamber, directing at least one high energy beam from at least one high energy beam source over the work table causing the first metal powder layer to fuse in selected locations, distributing a second metal powder layer on the work table, directing at least one high energy beam over the work table causing the second metal powder layer to fuse in selected locations, introducing a first supplementary gas into the build chamber, which first supplementary gas comprising hydrogen, is capable of reacting chemically with or being absorbed by a finished three-dimensional article, and releasing a predefined concentration of the gas which had reacted chemically with or being absorbed by the finished three dimensional article.
A method comprising the steps of: distributing a titanium alloy or pure titanium powder layer on a work table inside a vacuum chamber, directing at least one electron beam from at least one electron beam source over the work table causing the powder layer to fuse in selected locations, distributing a second powder layer on the work table of a titanium alloy or pure titanium inside the build chamber, directing the at least one electron beam over the work table causing the second powder layer to fuse in selected locations, and releasing a predefined concentration of the gas from the metal powder into the vacuum chamber when at least one of heating or fusing the metal powder layer, wherein at least one gas comprising hydrogen is absorbed into or chemically bonded to the titanium or titanium alloy powder to a concentration of 0.01-0.5% by weight of the hydrogen.
A method comprising the steps of: distributing a titanium alloy or pure titanium powder layer on a work table inside a vacuum chamber, directing at least one electron beam from at least one electron beam source over the work table causing the powder layer to fuse in selected locations, distributing a second powder layer on the work table of a titanium alloy or pure titanium inside the build chamber, directing the at least one electron beam over the work table causing the second powder layer to fuse in selected locations, and releasing a predefined concentration of the gas from the metal powder into the vacuum chamber when at least one of heating or fusing the metal powder layer, wherein at least one gas comprising hydrogen is absorbed into or chemically bonded to the titanium or titanium alloy powder to a concentration of 0.01-0.5 % by weight of the hydrogen.
A device for detecting X-rays radiated out of a substrate surface, said device comprising at least one X-ray detector, a resolver grating and a modulator grating, said resolver grating with at least one opening facing towards said X-ray detector is arranged in front of said X-ray detector. Said modulator grating is provided between said resolver grating and said substrate at a predetermined distance from said resolver grating and said substrate, where said modulator grating having a plurality of openings in at least a first direction, wherein said x-rays from said surface is spatially modulated with said modulator grating and resolver grating.
H01J 37/304 - Commande des tubes par une information en provenance des objets, p.ex. signaux de correction
H01J 37/305 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour couler, fondre, évaporer ou décaper
H01J 37/244 - Détecteurs; Composants ou circuits associés
B23K 15/00 - Soudage ou découpage par faisceau d'électrons
G01T 1/29 - Mesure effectuée sur des faisceaux de radiations, p.ex. sur la position ou la section du faisceau; Mesure de la distribution spatiale de radiations
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
H01J 37/30 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B28B 1/00 - Fabrication d'objets façonnés à partir du matériau
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
H01J 37/317 - Tubes à faisceau électronique ou ionique destinés aux traitements localisés d'objets pour modifier les propriétés des objets ou pour leur appliquer des revêtements en couche mince, p.ex. implantation d'ions
H01J 37/09 - Diaphragmes; Ecrans associés aux dispositifs électronoptiques ou ionoptiques; Compensation des champs perturbateurs
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
An apparatus for forming a three-dimensional article is provided, comprising means for providing a predetermined amount of powder, a powder distributor, means for directing an energy beam over a first powder layer causing it fuse in selected locations according to a model, a camera for capturing at least one image of a shape of at least one portion of the predetermined amount of powder that has yet to be initially distributed, the at least one image being captured prior to distribution of an entirety of all portions of the predetermined amount of powder over the surface, and means for comparing at least one value of at least one parameter in the image detected with a corresponding reference parameter value, wherein the at least one parameter is associated with the shape of the powder that has yet to be initially distributed.
B22F 3/105 - Frittage seul en utilisant un courant électrique, un rayonnement laser ou un plasma
B22F 7/02 - Fabrication de couches composites, de pièces ou d'objets à base de poudres métalliques, par frittage avec ou sans compactage de couches successives
B29C 67/00 - Techniques de façonnage non couvertes par les groupes , ou
B22F 5/00 - Fabrication de pièces ou d'objets à partir de poudres métalliques caractérisée par la forme particulière du produit à réaliser
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/20 - Fabrication additive, c. à d. fabrication d’objets en trois dimensions [3D] par dépôt additif, agglomération additive ou stratification additive, p.ex. par impression en 3D, stéréolithographie ou frittage laser sélectif - Détails ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
An apparatus for forming at least one three-dimensional article through successive fusion of parts of a powder bed. The apparatus comprises a powder distributor configured for evenly distributing a layer of powder on top of a build table; an energy beam configured for fusing the powder layer in selected locations corresponding to the cross section of the three-dimensional article, the powder distributor comprises an elongated rod provided movable at a predetermined distance above the powder table and with its central axis in parallel with a top surface of the powder table, and a flexible foil attached onto the elongated rod and protruding from the rod towards the powder table; and an elongated device parallel with the powder distributor and arranged onto or over the powder table outside the build table, where the elongated device is arranged for mechanically touching the flexible foil.
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B22F 12/00 - Appareils ou dispositifs spécialement adaptés à la fabrication additive; Moyens auxiliaires pour la fabrication additive; Combinaisons d’appareils ou de dispositifs pour la fabrication additive avec d’autres appareils ou dispositifs de traitement ou de fabrication
B29C 64/188 - Procédés de fabrication additive impliquant des opérations supplémentaires effectuées sur les couches ajoutées, p.ex. lissage, meulage ou contrôle d’épaisseur
B29C 64/165 - Procédés de fabrication additive utilisant une combinaison de matériaux solides et liquides, p.ex. une poudre avec liaison sélective par liant liquide, catalyseur, inhibiteur ou absorbeur d’énergie
An apparatus comprising a control unit configured for applying a first powder layer on a work table; directing a first energy causing said first powder layer to fuse in first selected locations to form a first cross section where said first energy beam is fusing a first region with parallel scan lines in a first direction and a second region with parallel scan lines in a second direction; fusing at least one of the scan lines in said first region in said first direction immediately before fusing at least one of said scan lines in said second region in said second direction; applying a second powder layer and directing the energy beam causing said second powder layer to fuse in second selected locations where the energy beam is fusing said first region with parallel scan lines in a third direction and said second region in a fourth direction.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
G05B 19/4099 - Usinage de surface ou de courbe, fabrication d'objets en trois dimensions 3D, p.ex. fabrication assistée par ordinateur
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
B29K 105/00 - Présentation, forme ou état de la matière moulée
An apparatus comprising a control unit configured for applying a first powder layer on a work table, directing a first energy beam from a first energy beam source over said work table causing said first powder layer to fuse in first selected locations according to a corresponding model to form a first cross section of said at least one three-dimensional article, where said first energy beam is fusing a first article with parallel scan lines in a first direction, fusing a second scan line in said first direction in said first layer in said first article within a predetermined time interval after fusing a first scan line in said first article, wherein at least one intermediate scan line is fused within said time interval at another predetermined position and where said first and second scan lines are adjacent to each other.
B29C 64/153 - Procédés de fabrication additive n’utilisant que des matériaux solides utilisant des couches de poudre avec jonction sélective, p.ex. par frittage ou fusion laser sélectif
B29C 64/386 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive
G05B 19/4099 - Usinage de surface ou de courbe, fabrication d'objets en trois dimensions 3D, p.ex. fabrication assistée par ordinateur
B33Y 30/00 - Appareils pour la fabrication additive; Leurs parties constitutives ou accessoires à cet effet
B33Y 50/02 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour la fabrication additive pour la commande ou la régulation de procédés de fabrication additive
B28B 17/00 - FAÇONNAGE DE L'ARGILE OU D'AUTRES COMPOSITIONS CÉRAMIQUES; FAÇONNAGE DE SCORIES; FAÇONNAGE DE MÉLANGES CONTENANT DES SUBSTANCES ANALOGUES AU CIMENT, p.ex. DU PLÂTRE - Parties constitutives ou accessoires de l'appareillage à façonner le matériau; Mesures auxiliaires prises en liaison avec un tel façonnage
B29K 105/00 - Présentation, forme ou état de la matière moulée
A method for verifying a size of an energy beam spot, said method comprising the steps of providing a first beam spot having a predetermined size and power at a first position on a work piece, varying a focus and/or astigmatism lens setting for said first beam spot until max intensity for the beam spot is detected, comparing the detected settings of said focus lens and/or astigmatism lens for said maximum intensity of the beam spot with stored settings of said focus lens and/or astigmatism lens for the beam spot with said predetermined size and power, repeating step a-c for different predetermined beam powers, repeating step a-d for different positions on said work piece, wherein said beam spot size is verified if each detected settings of said focus lens and/or astigmatism lens are deviating less than a predetermined value from corresponding stored settings of said focus lens and/or astigmatism lens.
A method for verifying a position of an energy beam spot, said method comprising the steps of: providing a calibrated energy beam having a first focus in a at least two positions at a work table, detecting said at least two positions of said energy beam spot on said work table created with said energy beam having said first focus, providing said calibrated energy beam having a second focus in said at least two positions at a work table, detecting said at least two positions of said energy beam spot on said work table created with said energy beam having said second focus, comparing said at least two positions created with said first and second focus, wherein said position of the energy beam is verified if said positions created with said first focus are deviating less than a predetermined distance from said positions created with said second focus.
