A PRP transition unit (41) has two PRP ports (PRP1.A, PRP2.B) connected to a port (P3) of a first Layer 3 switch (A) and to a port (P3) of a Layer 3 switch (B), respectively. Further, MAC addresses of other two or more ports (P1,P2) of the first switch (A) are duplicated in the second switch (B). The duplicated ports of the switch es (A, B) are connected to two or more virtual or physical local area network (LAN) segments (X,Y) and a respectively.
H04L 29/12 - Dispositions, appareils, circuits ou systèmes non couverts par un seul des groupes caractérisés par le terminal de données
G06F 11/16 - Détection ou correction d'erreur dans une donnée par redondance dans le matériel
H04L 1/22 - Dispositions pour détecter ou empêcher les erreurs dans l'information reçue en utilisant un appareil en excédent pour accroître la fiabilité
A pair of primary and standby connectivity devices (43.44) is effectively connected between a PRP network and the non-PRP network(s) to provide a re- dundant interconnection. The primary device (43) is connected to both LANs A and B of the PRP network while the standby device (44) is connected to the LAN_A only. During normal faultless operation the primary device (43) is in an active mode and routes the traffic between all connected network interfaces, whereas the standby connectivity device (44) is in a passive standby mode and routes no traffic via the standby connectivity device 44 to or from the LAN_A of the PRP network. However, when the active primary device (43) or one of its critical interfaces or connections goes down or fails, standby device (44) can replace it and take the active role to route the traffic to and from the LAN_A of the PRP network. Thereby, duplication of the connectivity devices (43,44) as well as connections can be normal in all network directions.
H04L 12/24 - Dispositions pour la maintenance ou la gestion
H04L 1/22 - Dispositions pour détecter ou empêcher les erreurs dans l'information reçue en utilisant un appareil en excédent pour accroître la fiabilité
H04L 12/707 - Prévention ou récupération du défaut de routage, p.ex. reroutage, redondance de route "virtual router redundancy protocol" [VRRP] ou "hot standby router protocol" [HSRP] par redondance des chemins d’accès
G06F 11/16 - Détection ou correction d'erreur dans une donnée par redondance dans le matériel
The invention relates to a valve (1) comprising a flow channel extending between an inlet opening (5) and an outlet opening (6), a closure member (2) arranged in the flow channel, and a noise reduction device(8). In order to efficiently prevent cavitation and noise also when flow through the valve is restricted, the valve (1) comprises a flow guide member(4) which is movable between a closed position restricting flow through the openings (9) of the noise reduction device(8) and an open position where flow through the openings (9) of the noise reduction device(8) is not restricted. The flow guide member(4) is operatively connected to the closure member (2) for moving between the closed position and the open position simultaneously as the closure member (2) moves between the closed position and the open position.
F16K 5/04 - Robinets à boisseau consistant seulement en un dispositif obturateur dont au moins une des faces d'obturation a la forme d'une surface de solide de révolution plus ou moins complète, le mouvement d'ouverture et de fermeture étant essentiellement rota dont les boisseaux sont à surface cylindrique; Leurs garnitures d'étanchéité
F16K 1/20 - Soupapes ou clapets, c. à d. dispositifs obturateurs dont l'élément de fermeture possède au moins une composante du mouvement d'ouverture ou de fermeture perpendiculaire à la surface d'obturation à éléments de fermeture articulés à pivot comportant disque ou volet pivotant dont l'axe de rotation est disposé à l'extérieur du corps de soupape
F16K 47/02 - Moyens incorporés aux soupapes pour absorber l'énergie d'un fluide pour empêcher les coups de bélier ou le bruit
A detector receives optical radiation interacted with the measured sheet and is responsive to a predetermined optical absorption band of lignin, a predetermined optical absorption band of dry matter and two or more separate optical bands. The measuring unit measures a lignin dependent value on the basis of attenuation in the absorption band of lignin, and a dry matter dependent value on the basis of attenuation in the absorption band of the dry matter, and determines a general dependence of attenuation with respect to wavelength by measuring attenuations in the separate optical bands. The measuring unit forms a value representing a dry matter content on the basis of the lignin dependent value, the dry matter dependent value and the general dependence of attenuation.
G01J 1/42 - Photométrie, p.ex. posemètres photographiques en utilisant des détecteurs électriques de radiations
G01N 21/33 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière ultraviolette
G01N 21/31 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique
G01N 21/89 - Recherche de la présence de criques, de défauts ou de souillures dans un matériau mobile, p.ex. du papier, des textiles
An apparatus comprises an optical background component configured to direct optical radiation in an adjustable manner to suspension from an opposite direction with respect to optical radiation from a main optical radiation source illuminating the suspension, and an image processer being configured to receive images of dyed particles of the suspension having color variation caused by micro-compression from a camera placeable on an opposite side with respect to the optical background component and form a micro-compression index of the dyed particles on the basis of the color variation of the dyed particles.
G01N 15/14 - Recherche par des moyens électro-optiques
G01N 15/00 - Recherche de caractéristiques de particules; Recherche de la perméabilité, du volume des pores ou de l'aire superficielle effective de matériaux poreux
Apparatus for organizing structural properties (150) wherein the apparatus comprises an unsupervised classifier (120). The unsupervised classifier (120) receives a plurality of images of structural properties (150), each image having a single structural property (150), and organizes the images of the structural properties (150) with respect to each other such that the more similarity in predetermined features the images of the structural properties (150) have the closer to each other the images are associated. The unsupervised classifier (120) is configured to output the images of the structural properties (150) for teaching a supervised classifier (122).
The invention relates to an attachment ring (1)for attaching an object (4) in a flow channel (2). The attachment ring (1) has a first surface (5) for contacting the object (4) and a second surface (6) for contacting a surface of a shoulder (7). An expansion member (9) expands the attachment ring (1) by pushing the ends (11, 12) away from each other when the expansion member (9) is moved into the opening (10). At least one of the second surface (6) of the attachment ring (1) and the surface (7) of the shoulder is inclined in order to wedge the attachment ring(1) between the surface (7) of the shoulder and the object (4) when the attachment ring (1) is expanded by the expansion member (9).
F16B 21/18 - Dispositifs sans filetage pour empêcher le mouvement relatif selon l'axe d'une broche, d'un ergot, d'un arbre ou d'une pièce analogue par rapport à l'organe qui l'entoure; Fixations à ergots et douilles largables sans filetage à parties séparées par gorges ou encoches pratiquées dans l'axe ou l'arbre - Détails
F16K 51/00 - Autres détails non particuliers aux types de soupapes ou clapets ou autres appareils d'obturation
F16L 55/00 - Dispositifs ou accessoires à utiliser avec, ou en liaison avec, les tuyaux ou les systèmes de tuyaux
A detector receives optical radiation interacted with the measured sheet and is responsive to a predetermined optical absorption band of lignin, a predetermined optical absorption band of dry matter and two or more separate optical bands. The measuring unit measures a lignin dependent value on the basis of attenuation in the absorption band of lignin, and a dry matter dependent value on the basis of attenuation in the absorption band of the dry matter, and determines a general dependence of attenuation with respect to wavelength by measuring attenuations in the separate optical bands. The measuring unit forms a value representing a dry matter content on the basis of the lignin dependent value, the dry matter dependent value and the general dependence of attenuation.
G01N 21/31 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique
The detector receives optical radiation transmitted through the measured object and is responsive to one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of water, one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of cellulose and two or more separate optical bands related to spectral disturbance caused by coloring substance. The measuring unit measures, on the basis of responses of the detector, a water dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation in the predetermined optical absorption band of water, a cellulose dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation in the predetermined optical absorption band of cellulose, determines general dependence of attenuation with respect to wavelength including spectral disturbance caused by coloring substance by measuring attenuations in predetermined separate optical bands apart from the predetermined bands of water and cellulose, and forms a moisture value on the basis of the moisture dependent value, the cellulose dependent value, and the general dependence of attenuation for compensating for the spectral disturbance of the at least one coloring substance.
G01N 21/31 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique
A measuring device comprises a first optical sensor row (200) and a second optical sensor row (202) between which a planar object (204) to be measured is placed. The direction of the first sensor row (200) and the direction of the second sensor row (202) differ from one another. Each sensor (208) of the first sensor row (200) forms data representing a distance between the object (204) to be measured and the sensor (208). Each sensor (210) of the second sensor row (202) forms data representing a distance between the object (204) to be measured and the sensor (210) in order to determine at least one property of the object (204) to be measured on the basis of said data.
G01B 11/26 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour tester l'alignement des axes
G01B 11/06 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
G01B 11/14 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la distance ou la marge entre des objets ou des ouvertures espacés
G01N 21/89 - Recherche de la présence de criques, de défauts ou de souillures dans un matériau mobile, p.ex. du papier, des textiles
D21F 7/06 - Indication ou régulation de l'épaisseur des couches; Dispositifs de signalisation
An operator tool is provided to assist an operator of a process or machine in decision making. The tool is initiated by the operator selecting a key variable, "Variable of Interest", at the user interface (20). The variable of interest usually is an output variable of interest (such as quality, cost, etc.). At least most significant variables related to the selected variable of interest are automatically determined by a statistical method and shown at the user interface (22). The operator can adjust the related variables shown on the interface (24). The impact of one variable to another is demonstrated by a prediction method and shown in a numerical and/or graphical form. After being satisfied with the result of the analysis, the operator decides on which is the preferred parameter change in order to overcome the problem in question or achieve the desired improvement, and then implements the corresponding change on the real system (28).
An model predictive control (MPC) type process controller(31) already implemented in the process control layer of the automation system is utilized in automatic determining initial values of MPC tuning parameters. The MPC controller (31) can be switched between an online process control mode (A) and an offline MPC tuning mode(B). In the online process control mode (A) the MPC controller (31) performs an online process control task in a real-time operating system environment on a process control layer of a process automation system. In the offline MPC tuning mode (B), the MPC controller is operated in the real-time operating system environment on the process control layer of the process automation system under control of an optimizer unit (33) to determine MPC tuning parameters meeting a predetermined quality criterion.
G05B 13/04 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c. à d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs
G05B 17/00 - Systèmes impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs desdits systèmes
G05B 19/418 - Commande totale d'usine, c.à d. commande centralisée de plusieurs machines, p.ex. commande numérique directe ou distribuée (DNC), systèmes d'ateliers flexibles (FMS), systèmes de fabrication intégrés (IMS), productique (CIM)
13.
Method and apparatus for varying adaptively pulse interval in NMR-based water content measurement
The invention relates to a NMR method for determining moisture content of a sample, in which method a sample is subjected to a magnetic DC-field, the sample under magnetic DC-field is subjected to a sequence of excitation pulses in RF-frequency with pulse interval for exciting hydrogen nuclei, and NMR signal of the excited hydrogen nuclei is measured. In accordance with the invention spin-lattice relaxation time is estimated for the sample, and pulse interval is adjusted longer than the estimated spin-lattice relaxation time.
G01V 3/00 - Prospection ou détection électrique ou magnétique; Mesure des caractéristiques du champ magnétique de la terre, p.ex. de la déclinaison ou de la déviation
G01R 33/383 - Systèmes pour produire, homogénéiser ou stabiliser le champ magnétique directeur ou le champ magnétique à gradient utilisant des aimants permanents
G01N 24/08 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de la résonance magnétique nucléaire, de la résonance paramagnétique électronique ou d'autres effets de spin en utilisant la résonance magnétique nucléaire
G01R 33/44 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques faisant intervenir la résonance magnétique utilisant la résonance magnétique nucléaire [RMN]
14.
MEASUREMENT OF ALKALIHALIDES IN COMBUSTION PROCESSES
A method for measuring alkalihalide content of flue gas. The method comprises generating a light beam (170), wherein the light beam (170) comprises photons having a first wavelength (λ1), guiding the light beam (170) to a first optical path (160), wherein the first optical path (160) runs through a space (110) containing the flue gas, whereby the light beam (170) is attenuated to an attenuated light beam (175) and detecting a first value indicative of a first intensity (Ik0) of the attenuated light beam (175). The method further comprises generating a light pulse (710), wherein the light pulse (710) comprises photons having a second wavelength (λ2), dissociating at least part of the alkalihalide molecules (510) on the first optical path (160) to alkali atoms (520) and halogen atoms (525), using the light pulse (710), wherein the light beam (170) is further attenuated to an attenuated light beam (175) by absorption to the alkali atoms (520) on the first optical path (160), detecting a second value indicative of a second intensity (Ik) of the attenuated light beam (175), and determining, using the first value and the second value, the alkalihalide content of the flue gas. Furthermore, a device (990) for measuring alkalihalide content of flue gas by performing the method. Still further, a boiler (100) comprising the device (990).
G01N 21/31 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique
G01N 21/63 - Systèmes dans lesquels le matériau analysé est excité de façon à ce qu'il émette de la lumière ou qu'il produise un changement de la longueur d'onde de la lumière incidente excité optiquement
G01J 3/42 - Spectrométrie d'absorption; Spectrométrie à double faisceau; Spectrométrie par scintillement; Spectrométrie par réflexion
A plurality of real control inputs and real process measurements provided by a real automation system controlling an industrial process are continuously stored continuously storing in a historian database. At the same time, a plurality of forecast control inputs and process measurements provided by a virtual automation system based on a simulation model are continuously stored in a futurian data-base. Both the past operation of the industrial process up to present time based on data from the historian database and the forecast future operation of the industrial process from the present time onwards based on data from the futurian database are displayed on the operator screen.
G05B 13/02 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c. à d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques
16.
METHOD AND MEASURING DEVICE FOR MEASURING CALIPER OF MOVING FIBRE WEB
A method and a measuring device(1) for measuring caliper (C) of a moving fibre web (2). The method comprises measuring a distance between at least one optical measuring sensor (12, 21, 22) and at least one surface (2', 2'') of the moving fibre web (2) by means of the optical measuring signal (14) provided by the optical measuring sensor (12, 21, 22), wherein the wavelength of the optical measuring signal (14) is less than or equal to 500 nm.
D21G 9/00 - Autres accessoires pour machines à fabriquer le papier
G01B 11/06 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
G01B 7/04 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques électriques ou magnétiques pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur spécialement adaptés pour mesurer la longueur ou la largeur d'objets en mouvement
A control loop comprises a process controller (202) controlling a field device in a process (204). A remote measurement transmitter (206) measures a desired process variable and transmits the measured variable as a wireless measurement signal to a wireless interface unit (210) on the controller side. The interface unit 210 passes the received measurement signal (ymes), and a trigger signal indicating a reception of a new measurement, to an adaptive estimator (212). When triggered by a trigger signal (214) from the wireless interface, i.e. when a new measurement value is received, the adaptive estimator (212) outputs the new value measurement value to the process controller. Otherwise, between consecutive trigger signals, the adaptive estimator generates an estimated measurement value that gradually moves towards a setpoint (yset) according to a predetermined estimation algorithm or process.
A sampler comprises an ejector (100) and a sample channel (112) extending to the ejector (100), which are placeable in a mixture (102) of particles of a solid and a medium, the medium being a gas and/or a liquid. The ejector (100) comprises at least one inlet (108) and an outlet (116). The ejector (100) takes a mixture sample (110) by using vacuum via the inlet (108) and discharges it via the outlet (116) so as to make the mixture sample (110) flow from the inlet (108) towards the outlet (116). The sample channel (112) takes a desired measuring sample (122) from the mixture sample (110) flowing in the ejector (100), the solid particles and the medium being at least partly separable from one another in the ejector (100) on the basis of the flow and inertia in the mixture sample (110).
B01D 45/04 - Séparation de particules dispersées dans des gaz ou des vapeurs par gravité, inertie ou force centrifuge par inertie
B01D 45/16 - Séparation de particules dispersées dans des gaz ou des vapeurs par gravité, inertie ou force centrifuge en utilisant la force centrifuge produite par le mouvement hélicoïdal du courant gazeux
This invention relates to a device (1) for reducing flow noise. In order to achieve a low flow noise, the device comprises inlet apertures (3) for receiving a fluid flow, chambers (5) into which one or more inlet apertures (3) open up, a cross-sectional area of a single chamber (5) being larger than a combined flow cross-sectional area of the inlet apertures (3) opening up thereto, and cham¬ ber-specific outlet apertures (7) for forwarding the fluid flow from the chamber (5), a flow cross-sectional area of each outlet aperture (7) being smaller than the cross-sectional area of the chamber (5), and the combined flow cross- sectional area of all outlet apertures (7) of the single chamber (5) being larger than the combined flow cross-sectional area of the inlet apertures (3) opening up into said chamber (5).
F16K 47/04 - Moyens incorporés aux soupapes pour absorber l'énergie d'un fluide pour diminuer la pression, l'organe régulateur étant incorporé dans l'élément de fermeture
F16K 47/02 - Moyens incorporés aux soupapes pour absorber l'énergie d'un fluide pour empêcher les coups de bélier ou le bruit
F16L 55/027 - Absorbeurs d'énergie; Absorbeurs de bruit Étranglements
This invention relates to a device (1) for reducing flow noise. In order to achieve low flow noise, the device comprises inlet apertures (3) for receiving a fluid flow, and outlet apertures (7) for forwarding the fluid flow. A combined flow cross-sectional area of outlet apertures (7) receiving fluid from a single inlet aperture (3) is larger than the flow cross-sectional area of said single inlet aperture. At least one first outlet aperture (8) is arranged such that at least a portion of the fluid flow to be received from the inlet aperture (3) may advance substantially directly via it, and at least one second outlet aperture (7) is arranged such that at least a portion of the fluid flow to be received from the inlet aperture (3) may advance via it, whereby at least one second outlet aperture (7) is arranged to produce substantially around the fluid flow formed by at least one first outlet aperture (8) a fluid flow which is slower than that.
F16K 47/04 - Moyens incorporés aux soupapes pour absorber l'énergie d'un fluide pour diminuer la pression, l'organe régulateur étant incorporé dans l'élément de fermeture
F16K 47/02 - Moyens incorporés aux soupapes pour absorber l'énergie d'un fluide pour empêcher les coups de bélier ou le bruit
F16L 55/027 - Absorbeurs d'énergie; Absorbeurs de bruit Étranglements
The measuring device is an on-line measuring device comprising a pressure generator (102) and a sensor (104), by which is determined porosity of paper or board, constituting an object of measurement (1 16), by directing (1000) known suction effect to the paper or board and measuring (1002) low pressure produced by the suction effect for the determination of porosity.
A measuring part (150, 152, 250, 252, 350) measures the amount of matter dispersed in a suspension (106) on the basis of a measurement, in which electromagnetic radiation interacts with the suspension (106), and the proportional volume of a free gas (318) contained in the suspension (106) on the basis of a measurement of electrical conductivity and/or impedance distribution for determining the amount of dispersed solid matter in the suspension (106).
G01N 15/06 - Recherche de la concentration des suspensions de particules
G01N 27/02 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance
G01N 21/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de moyens optiques, c. à d. en utilisant des ondes submillimétriques, de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette
23.
SYSTEM FOR MONITORING A WEB AND A CORRESPONDING METHOD FOR MONITORING THE WEB
The invention relates to a system for monitoring a web, for example a paper web, which system includes - at least one set of lighting elements, general cameras (10) for imaging the web (16) over essentially the entire width of the web (16), at least one processing unit (30) with image- processing software (37) for analysing the images taken using the general cameras (10), at least two precision cameras (10') for imaging the web (16) in a specific illumination geometry at a substantially greater precision relative to the surface area than the general cameras (10), to detect small deviations, - at least one processing unit (30) with image-processing software for analysing the images taken by the precision cameras (10'), - a camera beam (28), - a host unit (34), - a user interface (32), and - a data-transfer network (43). The system further includes software means (65) for statistically analysing the deviations of the images taken by the precision cameras (10'), to create a result covering the entire web. The invention also relates to a corresponding method.
The invention relates to an electromagnet and a method manufacturing the same. The electromagnet comprises a frame (1) having a volume (4) within, and a conductive wiring (7) wound around the frame (1). In accordance with the invention the magnet includes at least two circular grooves (5) having two walls parallel to the each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the frame, at least two wire stacks (7) each comprising at least one substack (7a, 7b), wherein the wire has a cross section,at least one of the walls (6) separating the two circular grooves (5), and jump wiring (10) interconnecting the stacks so that contributions from jump wires (10) of the adjacent stacks to total axial directional current are cancelled in average by the current of the return current wire, such that their contribution to the resulting magnetic field at the sample volume is minimized.
H01F 7/06 - Electro-aimants; Actionneurs comportant des électro-aimants
G01R 33/28 - Dispositions ou appareils pour la mesure des grandeurs magnétiques faisant intervenir la résonance magnétique - Détails des appareils prévus dans les groupes
25.
Modelling of a property of paper, paperboard or board
Properties of an end product, such as paper, paperboard or board, are important for the user of the end product. To be able to manufacture an end product of desired quality, it is important to know what kind of paper pulp used for manufacturing the end product results in a particular kind of property of the end product. Embodiments provide a method and an apparatus for generating a model, which model connects at least one property of the end product with at least one property of the paper pulp. On the basis of the model, also the manufacturing process can be controlled.
The invention relates to a NMR method for determining moisture content of a sample (1), in which method a sample (1) is objected to a magnetic DC-field, the sample (1) under magnetic DC-field is objected to a sequence (2) of excitation pulses (3) in RF- frequency with pulse interval (T3) for exciting hydrogen nuclei, and NMR signal of the excited hydrogen nuclei is measured. In accordance with the invention spin-lattice relaxation time (Tl) is estimated for the sample (1), and pulse interval (T3) is adjusted longer than the estimated spin-lattice relaxation time (Tl).
G01N 24/08 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de la résonance magnétique nucléaire, de la résonance paramagnétique électronique ou d'autres effets de spin en utilisant la résonance magnétique nucléaire
27.
A LOW-FIELD NMR DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE WATER CONTENT OF SOLIDS AND SLURRIES
The invention relates to a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) apparatus and method for measuring the water content of samples. The apparatus comprises means for producing a main magnetic field; a sample receiving space within said main magnetic field; means for exciting a measurable RF magnetization to a sample placed into said sample receiving space at an operating frequency defined by said main magnetic field; means for measuring the RF signal produced by the excited sample; and means for determining the water content in the sample based on the RF signal. According to the invention, the sample receiving space is capable of accommodating a sample having a volume of at least 0.5 dm3, and the means for producing a main magnetic field comprise a resistive electromagnet which is adapted to produce a main magnetic field corresponding to an operating frequency of 400 - 2000 kHz. By means of the invention more cost-efficient and lightweight NMR apparatuses for humidity measurement purposes can be built.
G01N 24/08 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de la résonance magnétique nucléaire, de la résonance paramagnétique électronique ou d'autres effets de spin en utilisant la résonance magnétique nucléaire
Sensors (21, 22, 23, 24) are provided to measure predetermined process variables in the process pipeline (27) and to transmit measurement data over wired automation lines (5A, 5B, 5C, 5D) to the automation system (29) for process automation purposes. A wireless measurement transmitter (WMT, 25A) is connected to the wired automation line (5A) between the sensor (21) and the automation system (29). WMT (25A) is configured to intercept or tap the measurement data transferred on the automation line (5A) and to transmit the tapped measurement data over a wireless connection (26A) to an intelligent control valve (6-1) for local control and/or diagnosis procedures performed at the intelligent control valve.
G05B 23/00 - Test ou contrôle des systèmes de commande ou de leurs éléments
F16K 37/00 - Moyens particuliers portés par ou sur les soupapes ou autres dispositifs d'obturation pour repérer ou enregistrer leur fonctionnement ou pour permettre de donner l'alarme
A tracking simulator (29) models an industrial process (3) simultaneously and in parallel with the industrial process (3). The simulator receives control inputs (24-1…24-N) provided by an automation system (2) to control the industrial process (3). Based on these inputs (24), the simulator with its process model(s) provides simulated process outputs (22-1…22-N). In order to avoid divergence of the simulation models from the real process (3), the tracking simulator receives process measurements (21-1…21-N) from the real process (3) and is able to correct, i.e. update, its models based on these real process measurements (21) and the simulator outputs (22). One or more of the up- dated or adjusting parameters (23-1…23-N) for the simulation models are generated by PI or PID controller (20-1…20-N).Additionally, some of the updated parameters can be generated by an NMor SEmethod (32,33). The PI or PID controller can be an automatic controller tuning tool (28) of the automation system. Additionally, some of the updated parameters can be generated by NM.
G05B 13/04 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c. à d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs
G05B 17/02 - Systèmes impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs desdits systèmes électriques
G05B 23/00 - Test ou contrôle des systèmes de commande ou de leurs éléments
30.
METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT IN CONNECTION WITH A MEASURING DEVICE
The invention relates to a method and an arrangement in connection with a measuring device. At least one property of a moving web is measured with a measuring device (1). The measuring device (1) comprises at least one measuring head (3, 4) with at least one part in contact or nearly in contact with the moving web. This part may be, for example, a reference piece, a measuring sensor, a measuring window or any other part relating to measurement. The part is heated, whereby not so much dirt adheres to it from the web or from the air carried over by the web, or it is relatively easy to remove the dirt from the part.
G01N 37/00 - RECHERCHE OU ANALYSE DES MATÉRIAUX PAR DÉTERMINATION DE LEURS PROPRIÉTÉS CHIMIQUES OU PHYSIQUES - Détails non couverts par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
In a diagnosis method of a control valve, position data representing a position of a control valve, and pressure data representing a pressure difference over a valve actuator, and optionally travel direction of the control valve, is measured (41) during online operation of the control valve. The position data and the pressure difference data are processed (42) to contain data around starting points of a plurality of individual travel movements of the control valve during normal online operation of the control valve. Finally, a valve signature graph of the control valve is determined (44) based on the processed position and pressure difference data, collected at a plurality of points along the travel range of the control valve during online operation of the control valve.
F16K 37/00 - Moyens particuliers portés par ou sur les soupapes ou autres dispositifs d'obturation pour repérer ou enregistrer leur fonctionnement ou pour permettre de donner l'alarme
G06F 19/00 - Équipement ou méthodes de traitement de données ou de calcul numérique, spécialement adaptés à des applications spécifiques (spécialement adaptés à des fonctions spécifiques G06F 17/00;systèmes ou méthodes de traitement de données spécialement adaptés à des fins administratives, commerciales, financières, de gestion, de surveillance ou de prévision G06Q;informatique médicale G16H)
F15B 19/00 - Test des systèmes ou appareils de manœuvre utilisant la pression d'un fluide, dans la mesure où ils ne sont pas prévus ailleurs
A measuring device (204) receives data on at least one wavelength band of infrared radiation that has been in interaction with the web (10) and that contains one or more spectral features characteristic to gypsum crystal water but deviating from the characteristic feature of free water. The measuring device determines, based on data on at least one of the spectral features characteristic to the crystal water of gypsum, at least one of the following properties of the web (10): amount of gypsum, proportion of gypsum, amount of gypsum crystal water, proportion of gypsum crystal water, weight of water corrected with gypsum crystal water, proportion of free water, dry weight corrected with the amount of gypsum crystal water, proportion of dry matter corrected with the proportion of gypsum crystal water. The controller (128) receives data from the measuring device (204) on the determined at least one property of the web (10) and controls the manufacturing process of paper or board on the basis of said data.
G01N 21/35 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge
A method for guiding web patching, using a re-reeler, in connection with a paper machine and an off-line coating machine, in which method a defect map of the web is created on the paper machine, to show deviations some of which are shown on the coating machine, using selected criteria, to the operator, the deviations being patched using the re-reeler, guided by the defect map and preset patching rules. On the coating machine, the virtual location of the selected deviations is monitored through the coating machine and if a possible web break occurs, a deviation is localized relative to the web break, and on the basis of this monitoring, feedback is provided to the patching rules of the re-reeler, in order to optimize them.
In a method for diagnosing a pump-valve system, a valve opening of a control valve and a pressure difference (Δp) over the control valve during normal operation of the control valve is measured. Then, based the measured valve opening data and the measured pressure data and a stored inherent valve flow coefficient (Cv) characteristic curve of the control valve, an actual pressure difference over the control valve as a function of a flow rate (Qflow) through the control valve, as well as an actual maximum flow rate (Qmax) through the control valve are determined. Finally, based on the pressure difference (Δp) and the actual maximum flow rate (Cmax), it is possible to determine a potential reduction (Δpr) achievable in the pressure difference, if a fully open flow rate of the control valve is resized to a value (Qfully open new) close to the actual maximum flow rate and a preceding pump is resized accordingly. The potential reduction of the pressure difference (Δpr) can be reported to a user via a user interface, such as graphical user interface, web-based user interface or voice user interface, or by means of any messaging or data communication mechanism.
The invention relates to a method and arrangement for determining the amount of starch used in surface-sizing a cellulose product. In the solution according to the invention, the amount of starch is determined with a transmission method utilizing IR spectroscopy by using absorption wavelengths of cellulose. Absorption values are measured before adding a coating and after it, whereby the amount of starch is determined from the difference between these absorption values.
G01N 21/35 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge
G01N 21/3563 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge pour l'analyse de solides; Préparation des échantillons à cet effet
G01N 21/84 - Systèmes spécialement adaptés à des applications particulières
G01N 21/3559 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge pour la détermination de la teneur en eau dans des feuilles, p.ex. dans du papier
The present invention relates to a valve (1) comprising a closing means (6) arranged in a flow channel and movable in the flow channel, and a sealing ring (8), which comprises at least a first sealing point (9) and a second sealing point (11), the first one of which is arranged to be set tightly against the closing means (6) and the second one tightly against a body (2, 3). In all situations, the first and second sealing point (9, 11) of the tight valve are arranged radially at a distance from one another, and to allow said first sealing point (9) to move in the axial direction (A) with respect to said second sealing point (11) due to fluid pressure, the sealing ring (8) is provided with a bellows (14) between said first sealing point (9) and said second sealing point (11), and the body (2, 3) is provided with space for allowing said axial movement (A).
F16J 15/16 - Joints d'étanchéité entre deux surfaces mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre
F16J 15/52 - Joints d'étanchéité entre organes mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre, par étanchéité sans surfaces mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre, p.ex. des garnitures étanches aux fluides pour transmettre un mouvement au travers d'une paroi par soufflets ou diaphragmes d'étanchéité
F16K 1/226 - Forme ou disposition du joint d'étanchéité
37.
Method for controlling a process and for monitoring the condition of process equipment, and an automation system
An automation system and a method for controlling a process and for monitoring the condition of process equipment. The method comprises the steps of measuring process signals indicating the condition of the process by means of a first sensor; measuring condition monitoring signals indicating the condition of process components by means of a second sensor; processing the process signals by means of a first I/O module; processing the condition monitoring signals by means of a second I/O module; transmitting the processed process signals obtained from the first I/O module to a process station. The method also comprises the steps of transferring the processed condition monitoring signals obtained from the second I/O module to the same process station; and processing both the said processed process signals and the said processed condition monitoring signals by process station software in the said process station.
Properties of an end product (206), such as paper, paperboard or board, are important for the user of the end product (206). To be able to manufacture an end product (206) of desired quality, it is important to know what kind of paper pulp used for manufacturing the end product (206) results in a particular kind of property of the end product. Embodiments provide a method and an apparatus for generating a model, which model connects at least one property of the end product (206) with at least one property of the paper pulp. On the basis of the model, also the manufacturing process can be controlled.
G05B 13/04 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c. à d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs
D21G 9/00 - Autres accessoires pour machines à fabriquer le papier
39.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONDITION MONITORING OF VALVE
In the method and apparatus of the invention, the process point is taken into account when the condition and performance of a control valve are monitored. In the condition monitoring of the valve, process measurements are used in addition to measurements inside the valve (LF) in such a manner that the process measurements identify the operating point (Δpvalve, hvalve, Ps) at which the valve operates, and the measurements inside the valve are observed at these operating points to detect changes and to determine the condition of the valve. According to an aspect of the invention, the variables (Δpvalve, hvalve, Ps) representing the operating point of an industrial process are considered when changes in the friction load of the valve and/or the load factor (LF) of the actuator are observed.
F16K 37/00 - Moyens particuliers portés par ou sur les soupapes ou autres dispositifs d'obturation pour repérer ou enregistrer leur fonctionnement ou pour permettre de donner l'alarme
G05B 23/00 - Test ou contrôle des systèmes de commande ou de leurs éléments
One measuring part of a traversing measuring unit measures at least one characteristic of a web with a first radiation type from a plurality of measuring locations during a traversing movement at successive moments in time. At least two measuring parts of an array measuring unit measure at least one characteristic of the web with another radiation type during each traversing movement at a plurality of different moments in time by directing the measurement to a plurality of measuring locations in the web at each moment in time. A signal processing unit is arranged to estimate at least one characteristic measured by the traversing measuring unit with at least one measurement of the array measuring unit.
The invention relates to a method for guiding web patching, using a re-reeler, in connection with a paper machine and an off-line coating machine (16), in which method a defect map (31) of the web is created on the paper machine (12), to show deviations (P), some of which are shown on the coating machine (16), using selected criteria, to the operator, the said deviations being patched using the re-reeler, guided by the defect map (31) and preset patching rules (144). On the coating machine (16), the virtual location of the selected deviations (P) is monitored through the coating machine (16), and if a possible web break occurs, a deviation (P) is localized relative to the web break, and on the basis of this monitoring, feedback (27) is provided to the patching rules (144) of the re-reeler (14), in order to optimize them.
The invention relates to a method and arrangement for determining the amount of starch used in surface-sizing a cellulose product. In the solution according to the invention, the amount of starch is determined with a transmission method utilizing IR spectroscopy by using absorption wavelengths of cellulose. Absorption values are measured before adding a coating and after it, whereby the amount of starch is determined from the difference between these absorption values.
G01N 21/35 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge
A measurement device measures a liquid flow discharged from a funnel (104) in a lower branch (108) and/or a side branch (106). A modelling function is established between liquid flows received with the funnel (104) and/or liquid flows discharged through the lower branch (108) and/or the side branch (106). In drainability measurement, a sensor (400) measures the flow through a wire (102) out of a measurement chamber (100) at least at two points in time. A processor (204) establishes a parameter descriptive of the drainability from flows measured at the different points in time based on a modelling function stored in a memory (210).
G01N 15/00 - Recherche de caractéristiques de particules; Recherche de la perméabilité, du volume des pores ou de l'aire superficielle effective de matériaux poreux
The invention relates to a LED light matrix (14) equipped with impulse means for illuminating a moving object (10) in a selected area (11) from an oblique direction for video imaging, said LED light matrix (14) including a group of LEDs (15, 16) each equipped with optics for focusing the light produced by the LED, and with the group being located substantially obliquely relative to the object to be illuminated. Separate LEDs (15, 16) of the LED light matrix (14) are so oriented that the intensity distribution of illumination in the selected area (11) is weighted proportionally to the distance.
The invention relates to a method and equipment for determining dust formation of web-like material. A measuring device for measuring the dust formation of the moving web-like material is arranged in connection with a production line for web-like material. Air is sucked from the surface of the web-like material by means of a suction nozzle (3). The amount of particles in the sucked air is determined from the sucked air by means of a particle-identifying sensor. On the basis of the amount of particles, a parameter describing the dust formation of the web-like material is determined.
An automation system and a method for controlling a process and for monitoring the condition of process equipment. The method comprises the steps of measuring process signals indicating the condition of the process by means of a first sensor; measuring condition monitoring signals indicating the condition of process components by means of a second sensor; processing the process signals by means of a first I/O module; processing the condition monitoring signals by means of a second I/O module; transmitting the processed process signals obtained from the first I/O module to a process station. The method also comprises the steps of transferring the processed condition monitoring signals obtained from the second I/O module to the same process station; and processing both the said processed process signals and the said processed condition monitoring signals by process station software in the said process station.
G05B 19/042 - Commande à programme autre que la commande numérique, c.à d. dans des automatismes à séquence ou dans des automates à logique utilisant des processeurs numériques
Optical radiation sources (206, 208, 300) functioning on different optical bands radiate on different optical bands and focus optical radiation on a region (210) in a web (10) surface as pulses in such a manner that illumination areas of the pulses overlap on the plane of the web (10). At most one optical radiation band is focused on the web (10) from the direction of the normal. The spatial intensity distribution of at least one optical band differs from the uniform distribution and the intensity distributions of at least two different optical bands differ from one another in a predetermined manner. A camera (202) forms still images of the web (10) surface region (210) on each optical radiation band. An image-processing unit (204) determines the surface topography of the web (10) on the basis of the images. In addition, a controller (126) may control the paper manufacturing process on the basis of the determined surface topography.
G01N 21/89 - Recherche de la présence de criques, de défauts ou de souillures dans un matériau mobile, p.ex. du papier, des textiles
G01B 11/30 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la rugosité ou l'irrégularité des surfaces
D21F 7/06 - Indication ou régulation de l'épaisseur des couches; Dispositifs de signalisation
G01B 11/25 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer des contours ou des courbes en projetant un motif, p.ex. des franges de moiré, sur l'objet
This invention relates to a valve (1), comprising an inlet opening (2), an outlet opening (3) and a flow channel (4) connecting the inlet opening and the outlet opening, which flow channel has a shut-off member (5) from which a shaft (6) protrudes via which the shut-off member (5) can be moved in the flow channel (4); and a shaft sealing arrangement comprising a suction channel (10) so that fluid having flown from the flow channel to the shaft sealing arrangement can be removed to the suction channel via a first end (11) of the suction channel; and sealing points (7, 8) arranged on both sides of the first end (11) of said suction channel, seen in the longitudinal direction of the shaft (6). To prevent possible leakage along the shaft, a second end (12) of the suction channel (10) opens to an area of rapid flow or low pressure in the flow channel (4) of the valve (1).
F16K 41/04 - Joints d'étanchéité pour tiges avec un presse-étoupe avec une bague au moins, en caoutchouc ou d'un matériau analogue, entre la tige et son logement
A method and an apparatus for measuring color of a moving web. The web is measured by reflectance measurement and transmittance measurement, wherein the reflectance measurement is carried out by illuminating a surface of the web in a measuring area, where on the other side of the web at the measuring area resides a solidly attached backing element and measuring the radiation reflected from the web. The transmittance measurement is carried out by illuminating the web and measuring the radiation transmitted through the web. The radiation measured in the transmittance measurement is transmitted through the backing element.
A system and method for monitoring a condition and an operation of a periodically moving object is provided. Herein a synchronized time average is calculated for a measurement signal, the signal containing periodical variations and obtained from the object response. In general, a frequency response is determined based on the periodical variations of the measurement signal. A signal component representing the determined frequency response is filtered from the measurement signal. The filtered signal is used as a synchronizing signal. A synchronized time average of sequences, determined by dividing the measurement signal by the synchronizing signal, is calculated.
A method for the calibration of measuring equipment, and measuring equipment. The measuring equipment comprises at least one first sensor, at least one second sensor and at least one reference piece. When the measuring equipment is calibrated, a moving web is supported against the reference piece and the reference piece with the moving web supported thereto is moved to different distances from the first sensor and the second sensor. Further, a distance between the first sensor and the moving web and a distance between the second sensor and the reference piece is measured at least for two different distances, and the first sensor and the second sensor are calibrated to be uniform in relation to the movement of the reference piece.
G01B 3/30 - Barres, blocs, ou bandes où la distance entre deux faces est fixe, mais peut être réglée à l'avance, p.ex. calibres de longueur, calibres d'épaisseur
52.
Method for determining the total peroxide content of pulp suspension
A method and an apparatus for determining the total peroxide content of a cellulose pulp suspension in the pulp suspension bleaching stage, wherein the bleaching chemical is peroxide. A sample is taken from the pulp suspension, which sample is measured in a measuring device (25, 25′). Before measuring, the pH of the sample is adjusted and after that the total peroxide content or the perhydroxyl content of the sample is measured, of which measurement the total peroxide content of the sample is determined.
The method measures consistency with a rotating consistency meter. The method comprises chopping with the teeth of a chopper structure optical radiation transmitted by an optical source to an optical detector while the shafts of the rotating consistency meter rotate. In addition, a chopper reference of the chopper structure chops optical radiation to form at least one reference pulse independent of the swivel between the shafts. The duration of each reference pulse is measured when measuring consistency. The change in the reference pulse is defined by comparing the duration of the measured reference pulse with the duration of the predefined reference pulse. The durations of the measuring pulses are corrected according to the change in the duration of the reference pulse.
G01L 3/08 - Dynamomètres de transmission rotatifs dans lesquels l'élément transmettant le couple comporte un arbre élastique en torsion impliquant des moyens optiques d'indication
G01N 11/14 - Recherche des propriétés d'écoulement des matériaux, p.ex. la viscosité, la plasticité; Analyse des matériaux en déterminant les propriétés d'écoulement en déplaçant un corps à l'intérieur du matériau en utilisant des corps en rotation, p.ex. moulinet
A moistening nozzle of a paper web comprises a frame (1) into which air and water are conducted. Inside the frame (1) there is arranged a water nozzle (2) wherewith water is conducted to an outlet of the moistening nozzle and an air nozzle wherewith air is correspondingly conducted to the outlet. The air nozzle (3) and the water nozzle (2) are arranged one within the other such that the air and the water form water mist that is blown out from the moistening nozzle. The air nozzle (3) is provided with an inner thread (10) that brings the air in swirling motion.
B05B 7/26 - Appareillages dans lesquels des liquides ou d'autres matériaux fluides en provenance de différentes sources sont mélangés avant de pénétrer dans le dispositif d'évacuation
The invention concerns axial locking of a valve shaft (5) to be non-turnably attached to a closing element (3) of a valve, an end (5a) of the shaft (5) to be attached to the closing element (3) being machined on two opposite sides in order to fit into a pivot recess (6) formed in the outer perimeter of the closing element (3). The invention is characterized by a collar part (7) to be fitted to said end (5a) of the shaft and to be turned into a locking position, one of the end surfaces of the main part of said collar part having at least one axial projection (7b) that fits into the pivot recess (6) of the closing element (3) of the valve when the collar part (7) is in the locking position and the end of the shaft (5a) is positioned into the pivot recess (6) of the closing element (3).
F16K 5/08 - Robinets à boisseau consistant seulement en un dispositif obturateur dont au moins une des faces d'obturation a la forme d'une surface de solide de révolution plus ou moins complète, le mouvement d'ouverture et de fermeture étant essentiellement rota - Détails
F16B 21/02 - Dispositifs de fixation largables verrouillant par rotation
A sensor element for a consistency transmitter for use in measurements of a pulp suspension and coated with a diamond coating. A consistency transmitter for measuring the consistency of a pulp suspension, comprising: a sensor element to be placed in the pulp suspension and provided with a diamond coating; a part provided with equipment for measuring the force/torque effective on the sensor element, for processing the force/torque by computation, and for converting the force/torque to an electrical signal; and a transmitting element, connected to the sensor element and said part, for transmitting the force/torque effective on the sensor element to said part. A method in the manufacture of a sensor element for a consistency transmitter for use in measurements of a pulp suspension, wherein the method comprises the step of coating the sensor element with a diamond coating.
G01N 11/14 - Recherche des propriétés d'écoulement des matériaux, p.ex. la viscosité, la plasticité; Analyse des matériaux en déterminant les propriétés d'écoulement en déplaçant un corps à l'intérieur du matériau en utilisant des corps en rotation, p.ex. moulinet
A measuring device comprising at least one mixer structure to receive a fiber suspension sample from at least one process part. Each mixer structure is provided with a measuring unit, a feeding valve for feeding feed liquid into a sample line for pushing the sample in the sample line towards the measuring unit, a mixing valve structure for feeding dilution liquid into the mixer structure The mixer structure mixes the flowing sample and the dilution liquid with one another in order to reduce the consistency of the sample. The measuring device measures from the first part of the mixed sample one property of the fiber suspension and the measuring device measures from the second part of the mixed sample a further property.
The invention relates to a seal intended for sealing an axis pair, whereby the axes rotate in the same direction, the inner one of the axes is inside the outer axis and the phase difference of the axes is arranged to remain within predefined limits. The seal (200) is a tubular seal made of an elastic material and comprises at least two tube sections (202, 204) fixed to each other. Folds (212, 214) of the at least two tube sections (202, 204) have opposing twisting angles. One end of the seal (200) is fastened to the outer axis and the other end is fastened to the inner axis, and the seal (200) is arranged to twist by a torque proportional to the phase difference between the axes.
G01N 11/14 - Recherche des propriétés d'écoulement des matériaux, p.ex. la viscosité, la plasticité; Analyse des matériaux en déterminant les propriétés d'écoulement en déplaçant un corps à l'intérieur du matériau en utilisant des corps en rotation, p.ex. moulinet
One measuring part (106) of a traversing measuring unit (104) measures at least one characteristic of a web (14) with a first radiation type from a plurality of measuring locations (112) during a traversing movement at successive moments in time. At least two measuring parts (108) of an array measuring unit (102) measure at least one characteristic of the web (14) with another radiation type during each traversing movement at a plurality of different moments in time by directing the measurement to a plurality of measuring locations (110) in the web (14) at each moment in time. A signal processing unit (114) is arranged to estimate at least one characteristic measured by the traversing measuring unit (104) with at least one measurement of the array measuring unit (102).
G01N 23/16 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de rayonnement [ondes ou particules], p.ex. rayons X ou neutrons, non couvertes par les groupes , ou en transmettant la radiation à travers le matériau et mesurant l'absorption le matériau étant une feuille ou un film en mouvement
The invention relates to a valve comprising a housing and a closing member (4) arranged in the housing, from which member a shaft protrudes via which the closing member (4) is rotatable in the housing. In order to provide a working and easy-to-use valve, the closing member (4) comprises a sector (11) closing the opening, a flexible sector (12) having a thinner wall than the closing sector (11), a guiding sector (13) having the same radius (R) as the inner surface (9) of the housing wall, and an open sector (14).
F16K 5/18 - Dispositions particulières pour tenir écartées les faces d'obturation ou pour les presser l'une contre l'autre dans le cas des boisseaux à surface cylindrique
F16K 5/16 - Dispositions particulières pour tenir écartées les faces d'obturation ou pour les presser l'une contre l'autre dans le cas des boisseaux à surface conique
A multivariabie controller (634) receives from a recycled fibre line at least two measuring results, of which at least one relates to accept measurement and at least one to reject measurement. The multivariable controller (634) controls on the basis of at least one accept-related measuring result and at least one reject- related measuring result the mechanical processing of the flotation process and the supply of at least one chemical affecting flotation into the recycled fibre process
The invention relates to controlling (3) a flow control valve (1), comprising measuring a flow at a suitable point of a flow process (5) and calculating a pressure drop across the valve by means of a Cv curve of the valve, a measured valve opening &sgr;m, and the measured flow (Qm). By means of this calculated pressure drop, a flow set point (Qsp) and an inverse Cv curve of the valve, a new valve opening (ac) providing the desired flow is calculated. The control is thus adapted to each operating point and its prevailing flow gain and linearizes the dependence between flow control and flow.
G05D 7/06 - Commande de débits caractérisée par l'utilisation de moyens électriques
G05B 13/04 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c. à d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs
63.
A METHOD AND A SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE PERFORMANCE OF A PAPER OR PULP PRODUCTION PROCESS
A method and a system for monitoring the performance of a paper or pulp production process, which comprise the following steps: a) collecting data connected to at least one controllable variable (11 ) of the process from the process, b) removing from the process data collected in step a) at least one period that does not represent the normal operating state of the process, c) calculating from the process data received from step b) (12) with a moving calculation method a set of first data points, d) forming of the first data points calculated from step c) a set of second data points, which describe the cumulative coefficients of variation (COV), e) defining a first and a second limit value for the cumulative curve (14, 15) of the coefficients of variation (COV), which limit values define a line segment between them, f) defining for the line segment a parameter (23, 24) describing its slope and the y-coordinate of a point on the line between the limit values, in which point the line and a pre-selected cumulative number intersect, and presenting the parameter (23, 24) describing the slope of the line segment defined in step f) and the y-coordinate of the point defined between the limit values as a signal for deducing the performance of the process.
G06F 17/18 - Opérations mathématiques complexes pour l'évaluation de données statistiques
G06F 17/17 - Opérations mathématiques complexes Évaluation de fonctions par des procédés d'approximation, p.ex. par interpolation ou extrapolation, par lissage ou par le procédé des moindres carrés
This invention relates to a control valve which comprises a first and a second flow channel (2, 3), a valve chamber (4) and a closing member (5), from which a shaft (6) extends. A flow connection is established in the control valve through the inner part of the chamber (4). The flow connection into the chamber (4) and the one out of the chamber (4) are constricted at all openings (A1, A2, A3) when the closing member (5) is turned about the rotation axis (10) in the chamber (4).
F16K 5/04 - Robinets à boisseau consistant seulement en un dispositif obturateur dont au moins une des faces d'obturation a la forme d'une surface de solide de révolution plus ou moins complète, le mouvement d'ouverture et de fermeture étant essentiellement rota dont les boisseaux sont à surface cylindrique; Leurs garnitures d'étanchéité
F16K 5/18 - Dispositions particulières pour tenir écartées les faces d'obturation ou pour les presser l'une contre l'autre dans le cas des boisseaux à surface cylindrique
65.
METHOD OF CONTROLLING RECYCLED FIBRE LINE, AND RECYCLED FIBRE LINE
Measuring devices (120, 122, 124, 126) measure at least one characteristic of the fibres of recycled fibre pulp and at least one characteristic of ink, and the measuring devices (120, 122, 124, 126) feed the measurement results to controllers (108, 109) of a pulping subprocess (100) and a dispersing subprocess (104), the controllers performing multivariable-based predictive calculation and optimization of control functions. The controllers (108, 109) of the pulping subprocess (100) and the dispersing subprocess (104) generate control variables (116, 118, 516) on the basis of the measurement results for mechanical and chemical processing of the recycled fibre pulp to be performed in the pulping subprocess (100) and the dispersing subprocess (104).
A measuring device comprises a camera (206) and an image-processing unit (210) and a fractionating pipe (204) that receives a sample from recycled fibre pulp of a recycled fibre process and arranges the particles of the flowing sample in accordance with particle size. The measuring device processes the sample as at least two fractions according to particle size. The camera (206) images at least one fraction. The image-processing unit (210) receives images imaged by the camera (206) and measures at least one parameter of at least added substance in at least one imaged fraction.
A system and a method for calculating a synchronized time average for a measurement signal obtained from an object (1) to be measured and containing periodical variations. In the method: from the periodical variations of the measurement signal a frequency (fMAX) is determined, said frequency corresponding within predetermined limits (fE-e2, fE+e2) to a frequency estimated as the periodicity (fE) characteristic of the object (1) to be measured; a signal component representing the determined frequency (fMA씟) is separated from the measurement signal by filtering, and the filtered signal is used as a synchronizing signal, and the measurement signal is divided into sequences by means of the synchronizing signal, and the synchronized time average of the sequences is calculated. In an example of the method, the rotating frequency or the moving frequency of the object (1) selected as the periodicity (fE) characteristic to the object.
A method for the calibration of measuring equipment (1), and measuring equipment (1). The measuring equipment (1) comprises at least one first sensor (10), at least one second sensor (11) and at least one reference piece (12). When the measuring equipment (1) is calibrated, a moving web (2) is supported against the reference piece (12) and the reference piece (12) with the moving web (2) supported thereto is moved to different distances from the first sensor (10) and the second sensor (11). Further, a distance (D1) between the first sensor (10) and the moving web (2) and a distance (D2) between the second sensor (11) and the reference piece (12) is measured at least for two different distances, and the first sensor (10) and the second sensor (12) are calibrated to be uniform in relation to the movement of the reference piece (12).
G01B 11/06 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
D21F 7/06 - Indication ou régulation de l'épaisseur des couches; Dispositifs de signalisation
G01B 7/06 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques électriques ou magnétiques pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
G01B 21/04 - Dispositions pour la mesure ou leurs détails, où la technique de mesure n'est pas couverte par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe, est non spécifiée ou est non significative pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur en mesurant les coordonnées de points
G01B 21/08 - Dispositions pour la mesure ou leurs détails, où la technique de mesure n'est pas couverte par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe, est non spécifiée ou est non significative pour mesurer la longueur, la largeur ou l'épaisseur pour mesurer l'épaisseur
69.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE TOTAL PEROXIDE CONTENT OF PULP SUSPENSION
A method and an apparatus for determining the total peroxide content of a cellulose pulp suspension in the pulp suspension bleaching stage, wherein the bleaching chemical is peroxide. A sample is taken from the pulp suspension, which sample is measured in a measuring device (25, 25'). Before measuring, the pH of the sample is adjusted and after that the total peroxide content or the perhydroxyl content of the sample is measured, of which measurement the total peroxide content of the sample is determined.
A method and an apparatus for determining the total peroxide content of a cellulose pulp suspension in the pulp suspension bleaching stage, wherein the bleaching chemical is peroxide. A sample is taken from the pulp suspension, which sample is measured in a measuring device (25, 25'). Before measuring, the pH of the sample is adjusted and after that the total peroxide content or the perhydroxyl content of the sample is measured, of which measurement the total peroxide content of the sample is determined.
A sample is taken of a suspension in a process into a measurement device (100), and the sample is closed into a measurement receptacle (102). A radio frequency signal is led through the sample in a vertical direction by means of a transceiver (108 - 112). The impact of air bubbles on the measurement is decreased. The transit time of the measurement signal and the temperature are measured, and the relative proportion of the substance to be measured in the sample is determined by means of these in a measurement unit (114).
G01N 15/06 - Recherche de la concentration des suspensions de particules
G01N 9/24 - Recherche du poids spécifique ou de la densité des matériaux; Analyse des matériaux en déterminant le poids spécifique ou la densité en observant la propagation de l'onde ou de la radiation des particules à travers le matériau
G01N 22/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de micro-ondes ou d'ondes radio, c. à d. d'ondes électromagnétiques d'une longueur d'onde d'un millimètre ou plus
G01F 1/66 - Mesure du débit volumétrique ou du débit massique d'un fluide ou d'un matériau solide fluent, dans laquelle le fluide passe à travers un compteur par un écoulement continu en mesurant la fréquence, le déphasage, le temps de propagation d'ondes électromagnétiques ou d'autres types d'ondes, p.ex. en utilisant des débitmètres à ultrasons
A moistening nozzle of a paper web comprises a frame (1) into which air and water are fed. Inside the frame (1) there is arranged a water nozzle (2) where-with water is conducted to an outlet of the moistening nozzle and an air nozzle wherewith air is correspondingly conducted to the outlet. The air nozzle (3) and the water nozzle (2) are arranged one within the other such that the air and the water form water mist that is sprayed out from the moistening nozzle. The air nozzle (3) is provided with a thread (10) that brings the air in swirling motion. The air nozzle comprises a sleeve part (4) with an opening through which air is discharged and in said opening there is arranged a piece that is an integral part of the frame (1) of the moistening nozzle, whereby a part of the moistening nozzle frame (1) forms an Inner edge of the air gap (15) provided by said piece and the sleeve part (4).
B05B 7/10 - Pistolets pulvérisateurs; Appareillages pour l'évacuation produisant une turbulence à la sortie
B05B 1/34 - Buses, têtes de pulvérisation ou autres dispositifs de sortie, avec ou sans dispositifs auxiliaires tels que valves, moyens de chauffage agencés pour influencer la forme de l'écoulement du liquide ou d'autre matériau fluide, p.ex. pour produire une turbulence
The method measures consistency with a rotating consistency meter. The method comprises chopping (900) with the teeth of a chopper structure optical radiation transmitted by an optical source to an optical detector while the shafts of the rotating consistency meter rotate. In addition, a chopper reference of the chopper structure chops (902) optical radiation to form at least one reference pulse independent of the swivel between the shafts. The duration of each ref erence pulse is measured (904) when measuring consistency. The change in the reference pulse is defined (906) by comparing the duration of the meas ured reference pulse with the duration of the predefined reference pulse. The durations of the measuring pulses are corrected (908) according to the change in the duration of the reference pulse.
G01N 11/14 - Recherche des propriétés d'écoulement des matériaux, p.ex. la viscosité, la plasticité; Analyse des matériaux en déterminant les propriétés d'écoulement en déplaçant un corps à l'intérieur du matériau en utilisant des corps en rotation, p.ex. moulinet
G01N 11/00 - Recherche des propriétés d'écoulement des matériaux, p.ex. la viscosité, la plasticité; Analyse des matériaux en déterminant les propriétés d'écoulement
G01N 15/06 - Recherche de la concentration des suspensions de particules
A measuring device comprising at least one mixer structure (106) to receive a fibre suspension sample from at least one process part. Each mixer structure (106) is provided with a measuring unit, a feeding valve (208) for feeding feed liquid into a sample line (210) for pushing the sample in the sample line towards the measuring unit, a mixing valve structure (202) for feeding dilution liquid into the mixer structure (106) The mixer structure (106) mixes the flowing sample and the dilution liquid with one another in order to reduce the consistency of the sample. The measuring device measures from the first part of the mixed sample one property of the fibre suspension and the measuring device measures from the second part of the mixed sample a further property.
A measuring device comprising at least one mixer structure (106) to receive a fibre suspension sample from at least one process part. Each mixer structure (106) is provided with a measuring unit, a feeding valve (208) for feeding feed liquid into a sample line (210) for pushing the sample in the sample line towards the measuring unit, a mixing valve structure (202) for feeding dilution liquid into the mixer structure (106) The mixer structure (106) mixes the flowing sample and the dilution liquid with one another in order to reduce the consistency of the sample. The measuring device measures from the first part of the mixed sample one property of the fibre suspension and the measuring device measures from the second part of the mixed sample a further property.
A method and an apparatus for measuring color of a moving web. The web (2) is measured by reflectance measurement and transmittance measurement, wherein the reflectance measurement is carried out by illuminating a surface (2a) of the web (2) in a measuring area, where on the other side of the web (2) at the measuring area resides a solidly attached backing element (16) and measuring the radiation reflected from the web (2). The transmittance measurement is carried out by illuminating the web (2) and measuring the radiation transmitted through the web (2). The radiation measured in the transmittance measurement is transmitted through the backing element (16).
A moistening nozzle of a paper web comprises a frame (1) into which air and water are conducted. Inside the frame (1) there is arranged a water nozzle (2) wherewith water is conducted to an outlet of the moistening nozzle and an air nozzle wherewith air is correspondingly conducted to the outlet. The air nozzle (3) and the water nozzle (2) are arranged one within the other such that the air and the water form water mist that is blown out from the moistening nozzle. The air nozzle (3) is provided with an inner thread (10) that brings the air in swirling motion.
A moistening nozzle of a paper web comprises a frame (1) into which air and water are conducted. Inside the frame (1) there is arranged a water nozzle (2) wherewith water is conducted to an outlet of the moistening nozzle and an air nozzle wherewith air is correspondingly conducted to the outlet. The air nozzle (3) and the water nozzle (2) are arranged one within the other such that the air and the water form water mist that is blown out from the moistening nozzle. The air nozzle (3) is provided with an inner thread (10) that brings the air in swirling motion.
10 ABSTRACT A paper web moistening device comprises several moistening nozzles (2) in the cross direction of a paper web for blowing water mist comprising air and water onto the paper web (3) surface. At least one means for removing water 5 mist and/or air from the vicinity of the paper web (3) surface is arranged be- tween the moistening nozzles. This means is arranged closer to the paper web (3) surface than the moistening nozzles (2). (Figure 1)
B05B 7/00 - Appareillages de pulvérisation pour débiter des liquides ou d'autres matériaux fluides provenant de plusieurs sources, p.ex. un liquide et de l'air, une poudre et un gaz
The solution provides a frequency distribution of a dimension of objects projected onto an image, the distribution being generated by measuring the dimension of the objects in a space in which the position of each object is at least partly free, the dimension of each object in the image depending on the position of the object. The frequency distribution of the projected objects is weighted by a weighting operation compensating for the impact of the projection in order to generate a real frequency distribution of the objects.
G01N 1/22 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état gazeux
G01N 15/06 - Recherche de la concentration des suspensions de particules
G01N 21/49 - Dispersion, c. à d. réflexion diffuse dans un corps ou dans un fluide
G01N 21/85 - Analyse des fluides ou solides granulés en mouvement
G01N 15/02 - Recherche de la dimension ou de la distribution des dimensions des particules
G08B 21/00 - Alarmes réagissant à une seule condition particulière, indésirable ou anormale, et non prévues ailleurs
G06K 9/00 - Méthodes ou dispositions pour la lecture ou la reconnaissance de caractères imprimés ou écrits ou pour la reconnaissance de formes, p.ex. d'empreintes digitales
G06K 9/46 - Extraction d'éléments ou de caractéristiques de l'image
G06K 9/66 - Méthodes ou dispositions pour la reconnaissance utilisant des moyens électroniques utilisant des comparaisons ou corrélations simultanées de signaux images avec une pluralité de références, p.ex. matrice de résistances avec des références réglables par une méthode adaptative, p.ex. en s'instruisant
81.
Measurement of an object from an image consisting of a pixel matrix
An image of an object is formed on a matrix detector consisting of pixels and a property dependent on at least one dimension is measured by means of a value related to the object and proportional to the intensity of the optical radiation detected by at least one pixel.
G01N 21/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'utilisation de moyens optiques, c. à d. en utilisant des ondes submillimétriques, de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette
The solution provides a frequency distribution of a dimension of objects projected onto an image, the distribution being generated by measuring the dimension of the objects in a space in which the position of each object is at least partly free, the dimension of each object in the image depending on the position of the object. The frequency distribution of the projected objects is weighted by a weighting operation compensating for the impact of the projection in order to generate a real frequency distribution of the objects.
An image of an object is formed on a matrix detector consisting of pixels and a property dependent on at least one dimension is measured by means of a value related to the object and proportional to the intensity of the optical radiation detected by at least one pixel.
The invention relates to a seal intended for sealing an axis pair, whereby the axes rotate in the same direction, the inner one of the axes is inside the outer axis and the phase difference of the axes is arranged to remain within prede-fined limits. The seal (200) is a tubular seal made of an elastic material and comprises at least two tube sections (202, 204) fixed to each other. Folds (212, 214) of the at least two tube sections (202, 204) have opposing twisting an-gles. One end of the seal (200) is fastened to the outer axis and the other end is fastened to the inner axis, and the seal (200) is arranged to twist by a torque proportional to the phase difference between the axes.
F16J 15/52 - Joints d'étanchéité entre organes mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre, par étanchéité sans surfaces mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre, p.ex. des garnitures étanches aux fluides pour transmettre un mouvement au travers d'une paroi par soufflets ou diaphragmes d'étanchéité
D21G 9/00 - Autres accessoires pour machines à fabriquer le papier
G01N 11/14 - Recherche des propriétés d'écoulement des matériaux, p.ex. la viscosité, la plasticité; Analyse des matériaux en déterminant les propriétés d'écoulement en déplaçant un corps à l'intérieur du matériau en utilisant des corps en rotation, p.ex. moulinet
brevets
