The invention relates to a method (200) for controlling a wind power plant (100) having a rotor with at least one rotor blade (17), the method comprising: measuring (210) a strain of the at least one rotor blade; changing (220) a pitch angle of the at least one rotor blade at least partially on the basis of the measured strain of the at least one rotor blade; the measuring of the strain of the at least one rotor blade measuring at least a strain in the region of the root of the rotor blade (17).
F03D 7/02 - Commande des mécanismes moteurs à vent les mécanismes moteurs à vent ayant l'axe de rotation sensiblement parallèle au flux d'air pénétrant dans le rotor
2.
METHOD FOR MONITORING A WIND TURBINE, SYSTEM FOR MONITORING A WIND TURBINE, WIND TURBINES, AND COMPUTER PROGRAMME PRODUCT
The invention relates to a method for monitoring a wind turbine (10). The method comprises: collecting data associated with abnormal behaviour of the wind turbine; comparing the collected data with anonymised data from other wind turbines; using the comparison to associate a fault condition with the abnormal behaviour; and outputting the fault condition to the wind turbine.
The invention relates to a fibre-optic accelerometer for determining acceleration along an axis, comprising an optical fibre with a fibre end face and an acoustic membrane with a membrane frame, a deflection mass and connection bridges, the acoustic membrane being designed to reflect, at least in part, a primary radiation from the fibre end face, and the connection bridges connecting the membrane frame and the deflection mass at least at two different axial positions.
G01P 15/093 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération en ayant recours aux forces d'inertie avec conversion en valeurs électriques ou magnétiques au moyen de capteurs photo-électriques
4.
METHOD FOR MONITORING THE STATE OF THE POWERTRAIN OR TOWER OF A WIND TURBINE, AND WIND TURBINE
Embodiments according to the invention describe a method for monitoring the state of the powertrain or tower of a wind turbine (10), said method having the steps of: detecting data of a state monitoring system which is provided for a structure of the wind turbine (10), said structure being mechanically coupled to the powertrain or tower; processing the detected data of the state monitoring system which is provided for the structure of the wind turbine (10), said structure being mechanically coupled to the powertrain or tower; and determining the state of the powertrain or tower from the processed data of the state monitoring system which is provided for the structure of the wind turbine (10), said structure being mechanically coupled to the powertrain or tower.
A method for determining a remaining service life of a wind turbine (10) is disclosed. The method comprises: acquiring loading data by way of at least one load sensor (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) arranged on the wind turbine (10); creating a temporal profile from the acquired loading data; estimating fatigue loading from the temporal profile of the acquired loading data using a data processing device (16); assigning the estimated fatigue loading to operating conditions and/or a status of the wind turbine (10); and determining the remaining service life from the estimated fatigue loading, the assignment thereof to operating conditions and/or the status of the wind turbine (10) and an expected value for the remaining service life.
The invention relates to a method for determining at least one operating parameter of a wind turbine. The determination method comprises creating a digital image of the wind turbine with respect to the at least one operating parameter and detecting at least one structural sensor signal reflecting a structural behaviour of the wind turbine. The at least one operating parameter of the wind turbine is determined in accordance with the structural sensor signal and the digital image, by means of a turbine model provided with respect to the wind turbine.
The invention relates to a method (300) for controlling a wind farm (10). The method (300) has the steps of: reading data from at least one first wind turbine (200) of the wind farm; supplying the read data of the at least one first wind turbine to a statistical prediction model for controlling at least one second wind turbine (200) of the wind farm on the basis of the read data of the at least one first wind turbine; and using the statistical prediction model in order to control the at least one second wind turbine (200).
The invention relates to an assembly of sensors on a rotor blade and to a method for determining wind flows on one or more rotor blades of a wind turbine. The assembly consists of at least two strain sensors which detect blade bending moments of at least one rotor blade of a wind turbine in at least two different spatial directions. The assembly also comprises a first acceleration sensor for detecting accelerations of the rotor blade in a first spatial direction and at least one second acceleration sensor for detecting accelerations of the rotor blade in a second spatial direction that is different from the first spatial direction. An evaluation device is also comprised which is designed to read in analogue or digital signals of the tension measuring sensors and the acceleration sensors via inputs of the evaluation device, to evaluate the signals, and to provide an evaluation result regarding wake turbulence or wind shear hitting the rotor blade.
WIND TURBINE, SENSOR KIT FOR A WIND TURBINE, SYSTEM COMPRISING A WIND TURBINE AND AN ONLINE-BASED MEMORY AND SERVER SERVICE, AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING DATA FROM A WIND TURBINE TO AN ONLINE-BASED MEMORY AND SERVER SERVICE
The invention relates to a wind turbine (10) comprising a sensor (11, 12, 13, 14, 15) for detecting data, a data processing device (16) for processing the detected data, and a network interface (18) for connecting the data processing device to a data network, wherein the network interface is designed to transmit data processed by the data processing device to an online-based memory and server service and/or to receive data from the online-based memory and server service (20).
The present document describes a method for controlling a wind turbine. The method involves measuring noise emission by means of at least one pressure sensor attached to the rotor blade; recognising a characteristic aeroacoustic sound for at least one flow detachment on the basis of the noise emission; and controlling, in open- or closed-loop fashion, one or more components of the wind turbine on the basis of the recognition of the characteristic aeroacoustic sound of the flow detachment.
F03D 7/02 - Commande des mécanismes moteurs à vent les mécanismes moteurs à vent ayant l'axe de rotation sensiblement parallèle au flux d'air pénétrant dans le rotor
F03D 17/00 - Surveillance ou test de mécanismes moteurs à vent, p.ex. diagnostics
11.
MODELLING AND PREDICTION OF WIND FLOW USING FIBRE-OPTIC SENSORS IN WIND TURBINES
A measurement device and a method for measuring wind flows on one or more rotor blades of a wind turbine are disclosed. It contains at least two pressure sensors that are designed to measure a fluid pressure, preferably an air pressure, at points of a rotor blade surface, wherein the sensors are installed along a rotor blade surface. It additionally includes an evaluation device in order to evaluate the signals from the at least two pressure sensors.
G01P 5/14 - Mesure de la vitesse des fluides, p.ex. d'un courant atmosphérique; Mesure de la vitesse de corps, p.ex. navires, aéronefs, par rapport à des fluides en mesurant les différences de pression dans le fluide
F03D 17/00 - Surveillance ou test de mécanismes moteurs à vent, p.ex. diagnostics
12.
WIND TURBINE CONTROL BASED ON NOISE EMISSION MEASUREMENT USING PRESSURE SENSORS ON ROTOR BLADES
The invention relates to a measuring device and to a method for determining sound emissions of one of several rotor blades of a wind turbine, comprising at least one sensor which is designed to detect vibrations on one or more rotor blades and to provide a result as a signal; wherein the at least one sensor is mounted flush with the surface of the rotor blades.
The invention relates to a sensor arrangement (200) for use on a wind turbine (100). The sensor arrangement (200) comprises a rotor blade-related sensor (202, 204, 206, 208, 210), which is arranged in/on a rotor blade, and a non-rotor blade-related sensor (212, 214, 216), wherein the sensor signals, which are associated with the rotor blade-related sensor, are processed by fusion with the sensor signals which are associated with the non-rotor blade-related sensor. The invention also relates to a method (400) for operating a wind turbine (100).
Embodiments describe a method for fastening a module to a surface of a region of a wind turbine using an adhesive, comprising: placing adhesive on the surface to which the module is to be fastened or on a surface of the module; placing the module on the surface to which the module is to be fastened so that the adhesive forms an adhesive join between said surface of the module and the surface to which the module is to be fastened; and activating and curing the adhesive in the adhesive join by applying energy to the adhesive.
C09J 5/06 - Procédés de collage en général; Procédés de collage non prévus ailleurs, p.ex. relatifs aux amorces comprenant un chauffage de l'adhésif appliqué
C09J 7/10 - Adhésifs sous forme de films ou de pellicules sans support
The invention relates to a temperature sensor (100). The temperature sensor (100) comprises an optical waveguide (10) made of an optical waveguide material with at least one integrated temperature sensor element (11); a sleeve (20) which is radially spaced from the optical waveguide (10), surrounds the temperature sensor element (11) of the optical waveguide (10), and is made of a non-metal sleeve material; and a capillary (30) which is radially spaced from the sleeve (20), surrounds at least some regions of the sleeve (20), and is made of a non-metal capillary material. The optical waveguide (10) is fixed to the sleeve (20) at an inlet end (E3) of the sleeve (20) and at an outlet end (E4) of the sleeve (20), and the optical waveguide (10) is fixed to the capillary (30) at an inlet end (El) of the capillary (30). The sleeve material has a thermal expansion coefficient which is greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the optical waveguide material.
G01K 11/32 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques
The invention relates to a method by means of which a system that is capable of oscillating can be monitored. The method comprises detection of natural oscillation modes of the system that can oscillate as a function of at least one operating parameter and/or as a function of at least one environmental parameter of the system that is capable of oscillating, creation of a frequency distribution of the detected natural oscillating modes, division of the natural oscillating modes into frequency classes and, in at least one frequency class, determination of a mode profile over the operating parameter and/or over the environmental parameter.
The invention relates to a device for fibre-optic measuring. The device includes a sensor having at least one fibre-optic sensor element, an evaluation unit, wherein the sensor is dedicated to the evaluation unit, wherein the device is configured to emit optionally a raw signal of the sensor or an adjusted signal of the sensor, and wherein the adjusted signal of the sensor is obtained, whereby at least one calibration variable is used on a signal detected by the sensor. The invention also relates to a method for calibrating the device and a method for fibre-optic measuring using the device.
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01D 18/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils ou des dispositions prévus dans les groupes
G01K 11/32 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques
The invention relates to a monitoring method for a wind turbine and to an associated monitoring device for carrying out the method. The monitoring method comprises: determining a measurement series of the efficiency of the wind turbine from the rotor power and the generator power of the wind turbine in each of at least one specified measurement time period; determining, for each specified measurement time period, a difference between an efficiency expected for the specified measurement time period and the determined efficiency of the wind turbine; and determining, individually from each difference, an operating state of the wind turbine, in particular an operating state of the drive train of the wind turbine.
The invention relates to a method for creating a prediction model for ice build-up on wind turbines. The method comprises: detecting ice build-up data at at least one wind turbine; using meteorological data for the location of the at least one wind turbine; feeding in the ice build-up data of the at least one wind turbine and the meteorological data in a machine learning method; and creating a prediction model based on the machine learning method. The invention also relates to a method for predicting ice build-up on wind turbines. The method comprises: detecting ice build-up data at at least one wind turbine; using meteorological data for the location of the at least one wind turbine; and predicting an ice build-up based on a machine-learned model.
The invention relates to an optoelectronic chip (1) comprising the following elements: a light inlet (11); a wavelength-sensitive optical filter (20); a first photoelectric element (30) for measuring a first light intensity, particularly a first photodiode, the first photoelectric element (30) being arranged such that light (50) penetrating the optoelectronic chip (1) via the light inlet (11), transmittted by the filter, hits the first photoelectric element (30); and a second photoelectric element (40) for measuring a second light intensity, particularly a second photodiode, the second photoelectric element (40) being arranged such that the light (50) penetrating the optoelectronic chip via the light inlet, which is reflected by the filter (20), hits the second photoelectric element (40).
The invention relates to a securing method, comprising the following steps: providing (1001) an optical waveguide (10) made of a material with a first melting temperature, wherein a sensor region (11) of the optical waveguide has at least one integrated temperature sensor element (12); providing (1002) a capillary (20) made of a material with a second melting temperature, in such a way that the capillary (20) surrounds at least regions of the sensor region (11) of the optical waveguide (10), and that a securing region (21) of the capillary is arranged at a distance from the sensor region (11), wherein the second melting temperature is lower than the first melting temperature, wherein the temperature sensor element (12) is arranged in an end region (13) of the optical waveguide, and the end region is inserted into the capillary (20); securing (1003) the securing region of the capillary (20) to the optical waveguide (10), involving a heating of the securing region of the capillary (20) to a heating temperature that is equal to or higher than the second melting temperature; and heating (1004) the free end (23) of the capillary (20) to a heating temperature that is equal to or higher than the second melting temperature. A temperature sensor comprising an optical waveguide (10) with at least one integrated temperature sensor element (12) can be obtained with the method. A securing device (50) comprises an insertion region (51) for the capillary (20), a detector (52) and a heating region (53). The securing device can be used for carrying out the method.
G01K 11/32 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques
22.
METHOD FOR INCREASING THE YIELD OF A WIND FARM UNDER ICING CONDITIONS
The invention relates to a method for monitoring a wind farm. The method includes determining a first ice mass on a first wind turbine of the wind farm; determining at least one second ice mass on at least one second wind turbine of the wind farm; comparing a first ice mass with a second ice mass and determining a primary wind turbine, which serves as a reference, and at least one secondary wind turbine from the group of the first wind turbine and the at least one second wind turbine; switching off the at least one secondary wind turbine on the basis of a first ice mass from the primary wind turbine; and switching on the at least one secondary wind turbine on the basis of a second ice mass from the primary wind turbine.
F03D 80/40 - Détection de givre; Moyens de dégivrage
F03D 7/02 - Commande des mécanismes moteurs à vent les mécanismes moteurs à vent ayant l'axe de rotation sensiblement parallèle au flux d'air pénétrant dans le rotor
The invention relates to an assembly for monitoring and/or controlling a wind turbine. The assembly for monitoring and/or controlling a wind turbine comprises: an arrangement of two strain sensors, in particular three strain sensors, which detects blade bending moments of a rotor blade of a wind turbine in at least two different spatial directions; a first fibre optic vibration sensor for detecting vibrations of the rotor blade in a first spatial direction; and at least one second fibre optic vibration sensor for detecting vibrations of the rotor in a second spatial direction, which differs from the first spatial direction.
The invention relates to an assembly for monitoring and/or controlling a wind turbine. The assembly includes a first strain sensor for measuring a first blade bending moment of a rotor blade of a wind turbine in a first spatial direction; a second strain sensor for measuring a second blade bending moment of a rotor blade of a wind turbine in a second spatial direction, which differs from the first spatial direction; an arrangement for determining constant components of forces and moments of the rotor blades provided in the wind turbine; and a controller for combining the first blade bending moment, the second blade bending moment and the constant components.
The invention relates to an acoustic emission sensor (100). The acoustic emission sensor comprises an optical resonator (10) having a sensor region (11) configured for reflective operation; an optical waveguide (20) which is optically coupled to the optical resonator (10); a light source (31) which is optically coupled to the optical waveguide (20) to apply light to the optical waveguide (20); and a detection device (32) which is optically coupled to the optical waveguide (20) to detect light from the optical resonator (10). The sensor region (11) of the optical resonator (10) comprises a coupling device (50) for mechanically coupling to a solid measurement object (200). The coupling device (50) comprises a first coupling element (51) for transmitting an acoustic emission signal between the sensor region (11) and the solid measurement object (200), and at least one second coupling element (52). The second coupling element (52) is configured to position the coupling device (50) on the solid measurement object (200), and/or the second coupling element (52) acts as a filter for the acoustic emission signal.
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p.ex. des moyens optiques
26.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR MEASURING THE TORSION OF A TEST OBJECT
The invention discloses an apparatus for measuring the torsion between a first point (41) and a second point (42) of a test object (1), said second point being spaced apart from the first point. The apparatus comprises the following: a source of polarized light, comprising a polarizing light source (15) that emits polarized light, or a polarizer (20) that is connected to a light source (10) by way of an optical feed; a first optical fibre (40) that is optically connected to the output of the polarizing light source (15) or to the output of the polarizer (20) and that is fastened to the test object (1) at the first point (41) and at the second point (42) in such a way that a torsion of the test object about a torsion axis causes a change in the angle of rotation of the first optical fibre from the first point in relation to the second point, and a second polarization-maintaining optical fibre (50), that is connected to the first optical fibre (40) at the second point (42) or downstream of the second point (42) in relation to the light path coming from the source, for supplying the light to a measuring device (30, 31), wherein the distance between the first point (41) and the second point (42) of the test object (1) is greater than or equal to 5 metres, or greater than or equal to 7 metres, or greater than or equal to 10 metres, and the first optical fibre (40) comprises a non-polarization-maintaining, bending-insensitive fibre.
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01B 11/26 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour tester l'alignement des axes
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
F03D 7/00 - Commande des mécanismes moteurs à vent
The invention relates to a device for detecting acceleration. The device contains: a frame; a mass; a lever arm connected to the mass, wherein the mass is provided at a first lever position; an optical fiber having a fiber-optic sensor; and a compensation element for disturbance variables, wherein the compensation element for disturbance variables is connected to the lever arm or the mass and wherein the compensation element for disturbance variables is connected to the frame.
G01P 15/093 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération en ayant recours aux forces d'inertie avec conversion en valeurs électriques ou magnétiques au moyen de capteurs photo-électriques
G01P 1/00 - MESURE DES VITESSES LINÉAIRES OU ANGULAIRES, DE L’ACCÉLÉRATION, DE LA DÉCÉLÉRATION OU DES CHOCS; INDICATION DE LA PRÉSENCE OU DE L’ABSENCE D’UN MOUVEMENT; INDICATION DE LA DIRECTION D’UN MOUVEMENT - Parties constitutives des instruments
G01P 21/00 - Essai ou étalonnage d'appareils ou de dispositifs couverts par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01P 15/18 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération dans plusieurs dimensions
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01P 15/08 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération en ayant recours aux forces d'inertie avec conversion en valeurs électriques ou magnétiques
28.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR IDENTIFYING A FIBER IN A BUNDLE OF OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE FIBERS, AND CORRESPONDING USE
The invention relates to a method and a device for identifying a fiber in a bundle of optical waveguide fibers and to the use of the method. The method has the steps of ascertaining at least one reflection property or at least one scattering property at an accessible end (11, 12, 13) of the fiber; and comparing the ascertained at least one reflection property or the ascertained at least one scattering property with a typically unique reflection property which characterizes the fiber (1, 2, 3) or with a typically unique scattering property which characterizes the fiber (1, 2, 3). The device comprises a unit (210) for supplying a test light to an end of the fiber (1, 2, 3) and for ascertaining at least one reflection property or at least one scattering property at an accessible end of the fiber (1, 2, 3) and a unit (220) for comparing the ascertained at least one reflection property with a typically unique reflection property which characterizes the fiber or with a typically unique scattering property which characterizes the fiber (1, 2, 3).
G01M 11/00 - Test des appareils optiques; Test des structures ou des ouvrages par des méthodes optiques, non prévu ailleurs
H04B 10/071 - Dispositions pour la surveillance ou le test de systèmes de transmission; Dispositions pour la mesure des défauts de systèmes de transmission utilisant un signal réfléchi, p.ex. utilisant des réflectomètres optiques temporels [OTDR]
29.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR RECOGNISING THE ATTACHMENT OF ICE TO A STRUCTURE OF A CONSTRUCTION
Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a device and a method for recognising the attachment of ice to a structure (110) of a construction (100). The device comprises at least one acceleration sensor (10) that is arranged and configured to detect an acceleration on the structure; an evaluation device (30) for determining at least one natural frequency of the structure (110) from the detected acceleration, wherein the evaluation device (30) is configured to indirectly detect attachment of ice to said structure (110) on the basis of the determined natural frequency of the structure (110); and at least one ice detection sensor (20, 20a, 20b) that is arranged and configured to directly detect attachment of ice at a position on said structure (110), wherein the evaluation device (30) combines the indirect detection of the attachment of ice and the direct detection of the attachment of ice.
The invention relates to a method (200) for the functional testing of a fibre-optic sensor (110). The method (200) comprises receiving (220) optical sensor signals of the fibre-optic sensor (110) in an evaluation unit (124), determining (230) a first variable from the optical sensor signals, determining (240) whether the first variable lies within a pre-determined range, determining (250) a malfunction of the fibre-optic sensor (110) if the first variable lies outside the pre-determined range, and determining (260) a second variable from the optical sensor signals, which is different from the first variable, if it is determined that the first variable lies within the pre-determined range, the second variable declaring a parameter that is to be determined by the fibre-optic sensor (110).
G01D 18/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils ou des dispositions prévus dans les groupes
G01H 9/00 - Mesure des vibrations mécaniques ou des ondes ultrasonores, sonores ou infrasonores en utilisant des moyens sensibles aux radiations, p.ex. des moyens optiques
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01P 15/093 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération en ayant recours aux forces d'inertie avec conversion en valeurs électriques ou magnétiques au moyen de capteurs photo-électriques
G01P 21/00 - Essai ou étalonnage d'appareils ou de dispositifs couverts par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
31.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING LOADS ON A WIND TURBINE TOWER
The invention relates to a method (100) for determining loads on a wind turbine tower. In a first step (110) of the method (100), bending moments in at least one rotor blade of the wind turbine are determined in order to provide a first variable, which identifies a first force acting on a nacelle of the wind turbine tower. In addition, in a second step (120) of the method (100), a nacelle deflection is determined order to provide a second variable which identifies a second force acting on the nacelle of the wind turbine tower. Furthermore, a third step (130) of the method (100) comprises entering the first variable and the second variable into a calculation model, which displays the behavior of the tower. A fourth step (140) of the method (100) comprises a determination of loads on the tower of the wind turbine by means of the calculation model.
The invention relates to a method (200) for monitoring a status of at least one wind turbine. The method (200) comprises: detecting first measurement signals via one or more sensors (210), wherein the first measurement signals provide one or more parameters relating to at least one rotor blade of the at least one wind turbine in a normal status; training a trainable algorithm based on the first measurement signals of the normal status (220); detecting second measurement signals via the one or more sensors (230); and recognising an undetermined anomaly via the trainable algorithm trained in the normal status, if a current status of the wind turbine, determined based on the second measurement signals, deviates from the normal status (240).
F03D 7/02 - Commande des mécanismes moteurs à vent les mécanismes moteurs à vent ayant l'axe de rotation sensiblement parallèle au flux d'air pénétrant dans le rotor
F03D 7/00 - Commande des mécanismes moteurs à vent
The invention relates to a device comprising an optical waveguide (131) having an end (134), a membrane (111) having a membrane surface (112), and an optical resonator (120), which is formed between the membrane surface (112) and a substrate surface (141). The device also comprises a deflecting unit (135), which is designed to deflect, toward the resonator (120), primary radiation (138) exiting from the end (134). The device also comprises a magnet (150), which is arranged on the membrane (111).
G01R 33/032 - Mesure de la direction ou de l'intensité de champs magnétiques ou de flux magnétiques en utilisant des dispositifs magnéto-optiques, p.ex. par effet Faraday
34.
METHOD FOR PREDICTING THE ACCUMULATION OF ICE ON A ROTOR BLADE OF A WIND TURBINE AND THE USE THEREOF
Embodiments describe a method for predicting the accumulation of ice on a rotor blade (111, 112) of a wind turbine (100) and the use thereof. The method comprises defining an upper threshold value (So) and/or a lower threshold value (Su) for a system variable (S) which is associated with the mass of the rotor blade (111, 112) and/or with the mass of an ice attachment (1) of the rotor blade (111, 112); acquiring system variable data during an acquisition time period (T); carrying out a compensation calculation of the curve profile for a prediction time period ( ∆t1', ∆t2', ∆t3') from the system variable data which were acquired during a partial time period ( ∆t1, ∆t2, ∆t3) of the acquisition time period (T) in order to obtain a prediction curve (N1, N2, N3); carrying out at least one further compensation calculation of the curve profile for a further prediction time period (∆t1', ∆t2', ∆t3') from the system variable data which were acquired during another partial time period (∆t1, ∆t2, ∆t3) of the acquisition time period (T) in order to obtain a further prediction curve (N1, N2, N3); determining whether or not the upper threshold value (So) will be exceeded by one or more of the prediction curves (N1, N2, N3) in future and/or whether the lower threshold value (Su) will not be undershot by one or more of the prediction curves (N1, N2, N3) in the future; and outputting the result of the determination.; and outputting the result of the determination.
Embodiments of the invention describe a method for ascertaining a value of an ice buildup quantity on at least one rotor blade (111, 112) of a wind turbine (100) and to the use thereof. The method has the steps of ascertaining a base value (G) for at least one natural frequency of the rotor blade when vibrations are excited in an ice buildup-free state; ascertaining a shift base factor for shifting the at least one natural frequency relative to the ice buildup-free state in the event of an ice buildup quantity which is increased by a specific value; detecting a measurement value or a measurement value curve of a measurement variable which is suitable for determining the current natural frequency of the rotor blade (111, 112); determining the current natural frequencies of the rotor blade (111, 112); and deriving a current shift factor by comparing the current natural frequencies with the base value (G), comparing the current shift factor with the shift base factor, and deriving a value for the ice buildup quantity using the comparison.
The invention relates to a method for operating a wind turbine. The method comprises measuring a torsion between a first point (10) of a rotor blade (100) of a wind turbine and a second point (12) spaced apart from the first point, and determining at least one parameter, in particular an actual value of the at least one parameter, of the wind turbine based on the measured torsion, wherein the at least one parameter is selected from the group comprising an angle of attack of the rotor blade (100), a pitch angle, a wind speed, an angle of incidence, and a flow speed.
Disclosed is a fibre-optic pressure sensor (110) having an optical waveguide (112) with one end, an optical deflection unit (301) that is connected to the optical waveguide (112) and a sensor body (300), on which an optical resonator (302) is formed by means of a sensor membrane (303). The optical waveguide (112) and/or the deflection unit (301) are attached to the sensor body (300) by means of a curable adhesive or a solder connection.
G01L 9/00 - Mesure de la pression permanente, ou quasi permanente d’un fluide ou d’un matériau solide fluent par des éléments électriques ou magnétiques sensibles à la pression; Transmission ou indication par des moyens électriques ou magnétiques du déplacement des éléments mécaniques sensibles à la pression, utilisés pour mesurer la pression permanente ou quasi permanente d’un fluide ou d’un matériau solide fluent
G01L 19/00 - MESURE DES FORCES, DES CONTRAINTES, DES COUPLES, DU TRAVAIL, DE LA PUISSANCE MÉCANIQUE, DU RENDEMENT MÉCANIQUE OU DE LA PRESSION DES FLUIDES - Détails ou accessoires des appareils pour la mesure de la pression permanente ou quasi permanente d'un milieu fluent dans la mesure où ces détails ou accessoires ne sont pas particuliers à des types particuliers de manomètres
38.
SENSOR PATCH, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SENSOR PATCH
The invention relates to a sensor patch (110) comprising a light guide (112) having a sensor element (111). The sensor patch (110) further comprises a carrier structure having a first fastening element (301) for fastening the light guide (112) at a first position (401), and a second fastening element (302) that is spaced apart from the first fastening element (301) for fastening the light guide (112) at a second position (402), wherein the sensor element (111) is arranged between the first position (401) and the second position (402). Said sensor patch further comprises an intermediate carrier (500) having a first surface (503), on which the first and second fastening elements (301, 302) are mounted at respective fastening positions (501, 502), and an opposite second surface (504) that can be mounted on a measuring object, and a covering element (303) arranged on the intermediate carrier (500) and connected thereto. Together with the intermediate carrier (500), the covering element (303) forms a cross-sectional dimension that is oriented approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal extension of the light guide (112) oriented in such a way that the light guide (112) extends in the neutral fiber (900) of the sensor patch (110).
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
39.
LIGHT GUIDE CLAMPING DEVICE, FIBRE OPTIC SENSOR AND PRODUCTION METHOD
The invention relates to a clamping device (300) for a light guide (112). The clamping device (300) contains a carrier structure having a first securing element (301) for securing the light guide (112) in a first position (401), and a second securing element (302) at a distance from the first securing element (301) for securing the light guide (112) in a second position (402), wherein the first and second positions (401, 402) have a first distance (403) in a longitudinal extension of the light guide (112). An intermediate carrier (500) is also provided having a first surface (503) on which the first and second securing elements (301, 302) are attached in respective securing positions (501, 502), and having an opposing second surface (504), which can be applied to a measurement object. In addition, a second distance (505) of the securing positions (501, 502) of the securing elements (301, 302) on the intermediate carrier (500) is greater than the first distance (403) in a longitudinal direction of the light guide (112).
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
40.
METHOD FOR DETECTING A TORSION INSTABILITY OF A ROTOR BLADE OF A WIND POWER PLANT AND PROFILE FOR A ROTOR BLADE
The invention relates to a method for detecting a torsion instability of a rotor blade of a wind power plant. The method comprises the measurement of an acceleration with a fiber-optic acceleration sensor, the acceleration sensor being provided at a radial position in the region of the outer 70 % of the radius of the rotor blade, and the evaluation of the acceleration for generating a signal for detecting a torsion instability, in particular flutter, and/or a signal for detecting a torsional/bending coupling.
G01P 15/093 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération en ayant recours aux forces d'inertie avec conversion en valeurs électriques ou magnétiques au moyen de capteurs photo-électriques
F03D 17/00 - Surveillance ou test de mécanismes moteurs à vent, p.ex. diagnostics
41.
METHOD FOR MONITORING A WIND TURBINE, METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING ICE ON A WIND TURBINE, ACCELERATION SENSOR FOR A ROTOR BLADE, ROTOR BLADE COMPRISING AN ACCELERATION SENSOR, AND PROFILE FOR A ROTOR BLADE
Disclosed is a method for monitoring a wind turbine. The method comprises: the measurement of an acceleration by means of a fibre-optic acceleration sensor in a rotor blade of the wind turbine; an opto-electronic conversion of an acceleration signal of the fibre-optic acceleration sensor; and the filtering of the opto-electronically converted acceleration signal by means of an analogue anti-aliasing filter.
G01P 15/093 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération en ayant recours aux forces d'inertie avec conversion en valeurs électriques ou magnétiques au moyen de capteurs photo-électriques
42.
METHOD FOR MONITORING A WIND POWER PLANT AND ROTOR BLADE COMPRISING AN ACCELERATION SENSOR
Disclosed is a method for monitoring a wind power plant. The method comprises the measurement of an acceleration with a fiber-optic acceleration sensor in a rotor blade of the wind power plant, the acceleration sensor being made to less than 10 wt.% of metal or containing less than 20 g of metal.
G01P 15/093 - Mesure de l'accélération; Mesure de la décélération; Mesure des chocs, c. à d. d'une variation brusque de l'accélération en ayant recours aux forces d'inertie avec conversion en valeurs électriques ou magnétiques au moyen de capteurs photo-électriques
F03D 17/00 - Surveillance ou test de mécanismes moteurs à vent, p.ex. diagnostics
43.
METHOD FOR THE INDIVIDUAL PITCH CONTROL OF ROTOR BLADES OF A WIND TURBINE, AND WIND TURBINES
The invention relates to a method for the individual pitch control of the rotor blades of a wind turbine. The method comprises: measuring an acceleration by means of an acceleration sensor in a rotor blade of the wind turbine; high-pass filtering of a signal of the acceleration sensor in order to determine a time-variant variable; and setting the pitch of the first rotor blade of the wind turbine using the time-variant variable, said pitch setting being part of an individual pitch control.
F03D 7/02 - Commande des mécanismes moteurs à vent les mécanismes moteurs à vent ayant l'axe de rotation sensiblement parallèle au flux d'air pénétrant dans le rotor
F03D 80/00 - MÉCANISMES MOTEURS À VENT - Détails, composants ou accessoires non prévus dans les groupes