Abrégé

A method for intelligently generating a stimulus for use in characterization of parameters of a model of a battery may include dynamically analyzing a current drawn from the battery by a load, based on analysis of the current, determining a sink current for augmenting the current drawn by the load, and generating the sink current based on a determined need to update the parameters.

Classes IPC  ?

• G05B 13/04 - Systèmes de commande adaptatifs, c. à d. systèmes se réglant eux-mêmes automatiquement pour obtenir un rendement optimal suivant un critère prédéterminé électriques impliquant l'usage de modèles ou de simulateurs
• G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p.ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance

Abrégé

A method for estimating equivalent circuit model parameters of a battery may include measuring a battery voltage across terminals of the battery and a battery current drawn from the battery, decomposing the battery voltage and the battery current into a plurality of sub-bands, each sub-band of the plurality of sub-bands based on a time constant that characterizes a temporal behavior of the battery, for each sub-band of the plurality of sub-bands, estimating an equivalent resistance for such sub-band based on a spectral content of the battery voltage and battery current for such sub-band, and estimating an open circuit voltage of the battery based at least on the spectral content of the battery voltage and battery current present in one of the plurality of sub-bands and the equivalent resistances of the plurality of sub-bands.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p.ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
• G01R 31/3842 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p.ex. état de charge combinant des mesures de tension et de courant
• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires

Abrégé

A system for performing a measurement on a component, the system comprising: an integrated circuit (IC) comprising: analog to digital (ADC) converter circuitry; and processing circuitry, wherein the system further comprises: difference circuitry, wherein: the difference circuitry is operable to generate a compensated measurement voltage by subtracting a compensation voltage received from a voltage source external to the integrated circuit from a measurement voltage output by the component in response to a stimulus signal received by the component; the ADC circuitry is configured to convert the compensated measurement voltage into a digital compensated measurement signal; and the measurement circuitry is configured to generate a measurement result based on the digital compensated measurement signal.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p.ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
• G01R 31/385 - Dispositions pour mesurer des variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs
• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• H01M 10/48 - Accumulateurs combinés à des dispositions pour mesurer, tester ou indiquer l'état des éléments, p.ex. le niveau ou la densité de l'électrolyte

Abrégé

A method for constructing a solenoid inductor of an IC package with active/passive devices includes positioning an inner winding substantially around a magnetic core, positioning an outer winding substantially around the inner winding, and using a layered process to perform positioning the inner and outer windings. The layered process includes processing a first conducting layer as a bottom layer of the outer winding, above processing a first dielectric layer, above processing a second conducting layer as a bottom layer of the inner winding, above processing a second dielectric layer, above processing a magnetic core layer, above processing a third dielectric layer, above processing a third conducting layer as a top layer of the inner winding, above processing a fourth dielectric layer, above processing a fourth conducting layer as a top layer of the outer winding, above processing a fifth dielectric layer, and the inner and outer windings are electrically connected.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01F 27/28 - Bobines; Enroulements; Connexions conductrices
• H01F 17/00 - Inductances fixes du type pour signaux
• H01F 27/24 - Noyaux magnétiques

Abrégé

A method for intelligently generating a stimulus for use in characterization of parameters of a model of a battery may include dynamically analyzing a current drawn from the battery by a load, based on analysis of the current, determining an augmented current for augmenting the current drawn by the load, and generating the augmented current based on a determined need to update the parameters.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique
• G01R 31/374 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p.ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge avec des moyens pour corriger la mesure en fonction de la température ou du vieillissement
• G01R 31/3842 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p.ex. état de charge combinant des mesures de tension et de courant

Abrégé

This application describes electronic circuit packages and methods of manufacture. The package (100, 300) includes a primary integrated circuit die (101) with a smaller secondary integrated circuit die (102) attached to a first surface of the primary integrated circuit die in a first location. A first set of electrical connectors (103) extend from the first surface of the primary integrated circuit die outside the first location to a package connection layer (106) to provide electrical connection between the package connection layer and the primary integrated circuit die. An intermediate layer (108) of dielectric or insulating material extends between the primary integrated circuit die and the package connection layer so that the dielectric or insulating material surrounds the first set of electrical connectors and there is at least some dielectric or insulating material between the second integrated circuit die and the package connection layer.

Classes IPC  ?

• H01L 25/065 - Ensembles consistant en une pluralité de dispositifs à semi-conducteurs ou d'autres dispositifs à l'état solide les dispositifs étant tous d'un type prévu dans le même sous-groupe des groupes , ou dans une seule sous-classe de , , p.ex. ensembles de diodes redresseuses les dispositifs n'ayant pas de conteneurs séparés les dispositifs étant d'un type prévu dans le groupe
• H01L 21/56 - Capsulations, p.ex. couches de capsulation, revêtements
• H01L 23/00 - DISPOSITIFS À SEMI-CONDUCTEURS NON COUVERTS PAR LA CLASSE - Détails de dispositifs à semi-conducteurs ou d'autres dispositifs à l'état solide
• H01L 23/31 - Capsulations, p.ex. couches de capsulation, revêtements caractérisées par leur disposition
• H01L 25/00 - Ensembles consistant en une pluralité de dispositifs à semi-conducteurs ou d'autres dispositifs à l'état solide

Abrégé

Circuitry for determining an impedance of an electrochemical cell comprising at least one first electrode and a second electrode, the circuitry comprising: drive circuitry configured to apply a stimulus to the electrochemical cell, the stimulus having a stimulation frequency and a stimulation amplitude; and measurement circuitry configured to: sample an output of the electrochemical cell at a sampling frequency to generate an output signal; determine an output amplitude of output signal at one or more alias frequencies, the one or more alias frequency based on the stimulation frequency and the sampling frequency; and determine the impedance of the cell at the stimulation frequency based on the output amplitude at the one or more alias frequencies and the stimulation amplitude; and control circuitry configured to: control the sampling frequency and the stimulation frequency such that a Nyquist rate of the sampling frequency is greater than stimulation frequency.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p.ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
• G01R 31/3835 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p.ex. état de charge ne faisant intervenir que des mesures de tension

Abrégé

Circuitry for processing a response from an electrochemical cell to a stimulus, the circuitry comprising: sense circuitry configured to measure the response of the electrochemical cell to the stimulus; and processing circuitry configured to: sample the measured response to obtain a plurality of samples; and determine a first average signal based on a first number of samples of the plurality of samples; and output the first average signal, wherein the first number of samples in the first average signal is selected to minimise a first variance in the first number of samples.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p.ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
• G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p.ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
• G01R 31/382 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p.ex. état de charge

Abrégé

A method for intelligently generating a stimulus for use in characterization of parameters of a model of a battery may include dynamically analyzing a current drawn from the battery by a load, based on analysis of the current, determining an augmented current for augmenting the current drawn by the load, and generating the augmented current based on a determined need to update the parameters.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p.ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
• G01R 31/382 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p.ex. état de charge
• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• G01R 19/00 - Dispositions pour procéder aux mesures de courant ou de tension ou pour en indiquer l'existence ou le signe
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation
• G01R 31/385 - Dispositions pour mesurer des variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs

Abrégé

A method of controlling a vibrational transducer, the method comprising: tracking a temperature metric of the vibrational transducer; and controlling a drive signal for the vibrational transducer, where the drive signal is limited to a value to protect the vibrational transducer from over excursion, and where said value is a function of the tracked temperature metric.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 3/00 - Circuits pour transducteurs
• H04R 9/02 - Transducteurs du type à bobine mobile, à lame mobile ou à fil mobile - Détails
• H04R 29/00 - Dispositifs de contrôle; Dispositifs de tests

Abrégé

A method of controlling a vibrational transducer, the method comprising: tracking a temperature metric of the vibrational transducer; and controlling a drive signal for the vibrational transducer, where the drive signal is limited to a value to protect the vibrational transducer from over excursion, and where said value is a function of the tracked temperature metric.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 3/01 - Dispositions d'entrée ou dispositions d'entrée et de sortie combinées pour l'interaction entre l'utilisateur et le calculateur
• H04R 3/00 - Circuits pour transducteurs

Abrégé

An apparatus, comprising: an audio input for receiving an input audio signal; an tuning input for receiving a tuning signal; a filter chain comprising a plurality of filters for filtering the audio signal to produce a filtered input audio signal, the filter chain comprising: a first filter module operating at a first sampling rate; and a second filter module operating at a second sampling rate greater than the first sampling rate, wherein a phase response of the first filter module is dependent on the tuning input and wherein a magnitude response of the first filter module is substantially independent of the tuning input.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 3/04 - Circuits pour transducteurs pour corriger la fréquence de réponse

Abrégé

A system may include a sampling capacitor and a switch network. The switch network may include one or more first sampling switches electrically coupled to the sampling capacitor and configured to be activated during a first phase of a sampling cycle of the system and one or more second sampling switches electrically coupled to the sampling capacitor and configured to be activated during a second phase of the sampling cycle, wherein the switch network is configured to reset the sampling capacitor to a data-independent and/or signal-independent charge during a reset phase of the sampling cycle.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03M 1/06 - Compensation ou prévention continue de l'influence indésirable de paramètres physiques

Abrégé

An electronic control system provides selectable path operation, such as linear and pulse-width modulated (PWM) operation and provides path transition management to improve operation. The system supplies a current or a voltage to a load in response to an input signal or value and includes an output driver, and multiple selectable control paths. The system includes a control circuit that selects between the first control path and the second control path in response to a path selection indication to drive the output driver. The system may include an evaluator that determines the path selection indication in conformity with an amplitude and a slew rate of the input. One or all of the control paths may have a response time to changes in the input signal or value, and the control circuit may delay switching from the second control path to the first control path to compensate for the response time.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03K 3/017 - Réglage de la largeur ou du rapport durée période des impulsions
• G05F 1/56 - Régulation de la tension ou de l'intensité là où la variable effectivement régulée par le dispositif de réglage final est du type continu utilisant des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs en série avec la charge comme dispositifs de réglage final
• H02P 23/00 - Dispositions ou procédés pour la commande de moteurs à courant alternatif caractérisés par un procédé de commande autre que la commande par vecteur

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to circuitry comprising audio amplifier circuitry for receiving an audio signal to be amplified; and first and second output nodes for outputting first and second differential output signals. The circuitry further comprises common mode buffer circuitry configured to receive a common mode voltage and to selectively output the common mode voltage to the first and second output nodes.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels

Abrégé

A system may include a first power domain defined by a first supply rail and a first ground rail, a second power domain defined by a second supply rail and a second ground rail, and a configurable switch coupled between the first ground rail and the second ground rail such that when the configurable switch is enabled, the first ground rail and the second ground rail are electrically shorted to one another and when the configurable switch is disabled, the first ground rail and the second ground rail are electrically isolated from one another.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03K 19/0185 - Dispositions pour le couplage; Dispositions pour l'interface utilisant uniquement des transistors à effet de champ
• G11C 5/14 - Dispositions pour l'alimentation
• G11C 17/00 - Mémoires mortes programmables une seule fois; Mémoires semi-permanentes, p.ex. cartes d'information pouvant être replacées à la main

Abrégé

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the electrochemical cell comprising at least one working electrode and a counter electrode, the circuitry comprising: driver circuitry configured to apply a working bias voltage to the at least one working electrode and a counter bias voltage at the counter electrode to produce a first voltage bias between the at least one working electrode and the counter electrode; control circuitry configured to adjust the first voltage bias over a first bias range by varying the working bias voltage and the counter bias voltage.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 27/416 - Systèmes
• G01N 27/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques
• G01N 27/30 - Composants de cellules électrolytiques Électrodes, p.ex. électrodes pour tests; Demi-cellules

Abrégé

A circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the electrochemical cell comprising at least one working electrode and a counter electrode, comprises: a driver circuitry configured to apply a working bias voltage to the at least one working electrode and a counter bias voltage at the counter electrode to produce a first voltage bias between the at least one working electrode and the counter electrode; a control circuitry configured to adjust the first voltage bias over a first bias range by varying the working bias voltage and the counter bias voltage.

Classes IPC  ?

• A61B 5/1468 - Mesure des caractéristiques du sang in vivo, p.ex. de la concentration des gaz dans le sang, de la valeur du pH du sang en utilisant des procédés chimiques ou électrochimiques, p.ex. par des moyens polarographiques
• G01N 27/416 - Systèmes
• G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p.ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
• G01N 27/48 - Systèmes utilisant la polarographie, c. à d. la mesure des variations d'intensité sous une tension qui varie lentement

Abrégé

A method may include, for a signal path comprising a passive antialiasing filter sampled by a switched-capacitor front-end, monitoring a change of a first impedance of a resistor of the passive antialiasing filter responsive to an environmental condition relative to a second impedance of a switched capacitor of the switched-capacitor front end and compensating the signal path for a change in gain of the signal path resulting from the change of the first impedance.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03M 1/06 - Compensation ou prévention continue de l'influence indésirable de paramètres physiques
• H03L 7/099 - Commande automatique de fréquence ou de phase; Synchronisation utilisant un signal de référence qui est appliqué à une boucle verrouillée en fréquence ou en phase - Détails de la boucle verrouillée en phase concernant principalement l'oscillateur commandé de la boucle
• H03M 1/10 - Calibrage ou tests

Abrégé

A power converter for converting an input voltage at an input of the power converter into an output voltage at an output of the power converter may include a switching node, a power inductor coupled between the switching node and the output, a flying capacitor having a first flying capacitor terminal and a second flying capacitor terminal, a pump capacitor having a first pump capacitor terminal and a second pump capacitor terminal, the second pump capacitor terminal coupled to ground, a first switch coupled between the input and the first flying capacitor terminal, a second switch coupled between the first flying capacitor terminal and the switching node, a third switch coupled between the second flying capacitor terminal and the switching node, a fourth switch coupled between the second flying capacitor terminal and a ground voltage, a fifth switch coupled between the second flying capacitor terminal and the first pump capacitor terminal, and a sixth switch coupled between the output and the first pump capacitor terminal.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p.ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to circuitry for driving a piezoelectric transducer. The circuitry may be implemented as an integrated circuit and comprises driver circuitry configured to supply a drive signal to cause the transducer to generate an output signal and active inductor circuitry configured to be coupled with the piezoelectric transducer. The active inductor circuitry may be tuneable to adjust a frequency characteristic of the output signal.

Classes IPC  ?

• H10N 30/80 - Dispositifs piézo-électriques ou électrostrictifs - Détails de structure
• H10N 30/40 - Dispositifs piézo-électriques ou électrostrictifs à entrée électrique et sortie électrique, p.ex. fonctionnant comme transformateurs

Abrégé

A power management system for use in a device comprising a battery and one or more components configured to draw electrical energy from the battery may include a first power converter configured to electrically couple between charging circuitry configured to provide electrical energy for charging the battery and the one or more downstream components and a bidirectional power converter configured to electrically couple between the charging circuitry and the battery, wherein the bidirectional power converter is configured to transfer charge from the battery or transfer charge from the battery based on a power requirement of the one or more components and a power available from the first power converter.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries

Abrégé

A differential amplifier provides improved signal swing and reduced common-mode output noise. The differential amplifier circuit includes a driver circuit with a first output for driving a first output of the differential amplifier and with a second output for driving a second output of the differential amplifier. The driver circuit has inputs for receiving a differential (complementary) pair of input signals at least one common-mode reference input for receiving a common-mode reference signal. The differential amplifier also includes a signal maxima detector having inputs for receiving the differential input signals that detects a maximum value between the individual signals, including any input common-mode voltage. The differential amplifier also includes a common-mode reference circuit that provides the common-mode reference signal and an input coupled to an output of the signal maxima detector, so that a common-mode voltage of the outputs is independent of power supply voltages provided to the driver circuit.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels

Abrégé

In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a method may include, in a system comprising a differential filter comprising a plurality of impedance elements, applying a common-mode signal to the differential filter, measuring an output signal of the differential filter in response to the common-mode signal to determine an error due to impedance mismatch of the impedance elements, and tuning one or more of the plurality of impedance elements to minimize the error.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03M 3/00 - Conversion de valeurs analogiques en, ou à partir d'une modulation différentielle

Abrégé

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input and a comparator output; a feedback path between the comparator output and the second comparator input configured to provide a feedback signal to the second comparator input; and a loop filter configured to apply filtering to the feedback path to generate the feedback signal, wherein the loop filter comprises the electrochemical cell.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 27/327 - Electrodes biochimiques

Abrégé

The present invention relates to methods, apparatus and systems for audio playback via a personal audio device following a biometric process. A personal audio device may be used to obtain ear model data for authenticating a user via an ear biometric authentication system. Owing to that successful authentication, the electronic device is informed of the person who is listening to audio playback from the device. Thus the device can implement one or more playback settings which are specific to that authorised user.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 21/32 - Authentification de l’utilisateur par données biométriques, p.ex. empreintes digitales, balayages de l’iris ou empreintes vocales
• G06F 3/16 - Entrée acoustique; Sortie acoustique
• H04R 1/10 - Ecouteurs; Leurs fixations
• G10K 11/178 - Procédés ou dispositifs de protection contre le bruit ou les autres ondes acoustiques ou pour amortir ceux-ci, en général utilisant des effets d'interférence; Masquage du son par régénération électro-acoustique en opposition de phase des ondes acoustiques originales

Abrégé

A system may include a resonant sensor configured to sense a physical quantity, a measurement circuit communicatively coupled to the resonant sensor and configured to measure one or more resonance parameters associated with the resonant sensor and indicative of the physical quantity using an incident/quadrature detector having an incident channel and a quadrature channel and perform a calibration of a non-ideality between the incident channel and the quadrature channel of the system, the calibration comprising determining the non-ideality by controlling the sensor signal, an oscillation signal for the incident channel, and an oscillation signal for the quadrature channel; and correcting for the non-ideality.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 27/02 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance

Abrégé

A system may include a passive floating attenuator configured to receive an analog physical quantity and attenuate the analog physical quantity to a floating attenuated signal defined by voltage nodes other than the voltage nodes of the analog physical quantity, an anti-aliasing filter configured to filter the floating attenuated signal to generate a filtered attenuated signal, and a switched-capacitor sampling circuit comprising a plurality of switches configured to sample the filtered attenuated signal.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 19/25 - Dispositions pour procéder aux mesures de courant ou de tension ou pour en indiquer l'existence ou le signe utilisant une méthode de mesure numérique

Abrégé

Switching amplifier circuitry for driving an inductive load, the switching amplifier circuitry comprising modulator circuitry and output stage circuitry, wherein the switching amplifier circuitry is configured to: while the modulator circuitry is outputting a modulated output signal that gives rise to ripple current in the load: adjust a switching frequency of the modulator circuitry over a predetermined range of frequencies; monitor a power of the switching amplifier circuitry as the switching frequency is adjusted over the predetermined range of frequencies; and select, as an operational switching frequency for the modulator circuitry, a frequency within the predetermined range of frequencies at which the monitored power meets a predefined criterion.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation
• H03F 1/02 - Modifications des amplificateurs pour augmenter leur rendement, p.ex. étages classe A à pente glissante, utilisation d'une oscillation auxiliaire

Abrégé

Switching amplifier circuitry for driving an inductive load, the switching amplifier circuitry 5 comprising modulator circuitry and output stage circuitry, wherein the switching amplifier circuitry is configured to: while the modulator circuitry is outputting a modulated output signal that gives rise to ripple current in the load: adjust a switching frequency of the modulator circuitry over a predetermined range of frequencies; monitor a power of the switching amplifier circuitry as the switching frequency is adjusted over the predetermined range of frequencies; and select, as an operational switching frequency for the modulator circuitry, a frequency within the predetermined range of frequencies at which the monitored power meets a predefined criterion.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/185 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comportant des dispositifs à effet de champ
• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation

Abrégé

An integrated circuit (IC) provides on-line, wafer-level, die-level, or package-level thermal calibration of an integrated thin-film resistor, by thermally enclosing the thin-film resistor with metal layers formed above and below the thin-film resistor along its length and width. Metal vias thermally couple the metal layers to the substrate to at least partially equalize the temperature of the metal layers and the thin-film resistor and the substrate. A controllable heat source, which may be provided by another thin-film resistor integrated on or below the substrate, and a reference temperature sensor provide heating/calibration measurement of the resistance of the thin-film resistor over a range of temperature. The reference temperature sensor may be provided within the IC, for example, integrated on the substrate or packaged with the die containing the thin-film resistor, or may be otherwise thermally coupled to the metal layers, e.g., by an extension of one of the metal layers.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 35/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils couverts par les autres groupes de la présente sous-classe
• G01R 27/16 - Mesure de l'impédance d'un élément ou d'un réseau dans lequel passe un courant provenant d'une autre source, p.ex. câble, ligne de transport de l'énergie

Abrégé

A system may include a switched-capacitor analog front end comprising a plurality of switches for sampling an analog physical quantity and a bootstrap generation network electrically coupled to the plurality of switches and configured to generate a bootstrap sampling clock for controlling the plurality of switches and generate a floating supply voltage for the bootstrap sampling clock based on the analog physical quantity.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03M 3/00 - Conversion de valeurs analogiques en, ou à partir d'une modulation différentielle
• H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p.ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande

Abrégé

The present application relates to current sensing circuitry (100) that comprises a differential amplifier (110) comprising first and second inputs configured to sense a current across a sense resistance, and an output configured to output a current sense signal. The circuitry (100) further comprises a first current source, a second current source and a switch network operable in: a first phase in which the first current source is connected to the first input and disconnected from the output, and the second current source is connected to the output and disconnected from the first input; and a second phase in which the first current source is connected to the output and disconnected from the first input, and the second current source is connected to the first input and disconnected from the output.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 19/25 - Dispositions pour procéder aux mesures de courant ou de tension ou pour en indiquer l'existence ou le signe utilisant une méthode de mesure numérique
• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels

Abrégé

A bootstrapped switch circuit may include a signal switch configured to, when enabled via a gate terminal of the signal switch during a sampling phase of the bootstrapped switch circuit, pass an input signal received at its input to its output. The bootstrapped switch circuit may also include a bootstrap circuit coupled to the signal switch comprising a bootstrap capacitor and a plurality of switches coupled to the bootstrap capacitor, wherein one of the plurality of switches comprises a p-type field effect transistor configured to decouple, by deactivating a second p-type field effect transistor, the bootstrap capacitor during a bootstrap phase of the bootstrapped switch circuit in which the signal switch is disabled, and further wherein the p-type field effect transistor is coupled to other of the plurality of switches and the bootstrap capacitor such that the signal switch is able to pass the input signal having a magnitude greater than voltage supply rails of the bootstrapped switch circuit from the input to the output.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels

Abrégé

Methods and apparatus for controlling a switch transition in an inductive switching circuit are disclosed. A switch driver is configured to receive an indication of current through a diode associated with a first switch and dynamically control a switch transition of a second switch based on the indication of current, so as to reduce the switch transition time, when possible, whilst maintaining a voltage transient due to the switch transition within an acceptable range.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03K 17/082 - Modifications pour protéger le circuit de commutation contre la surintensité ou la surtension par réaction du circuit de sortie vers le circuit de commande
• H03K 17/16 - Modifications pour éliminer les tensions ou courants parasites

Abrégé

This disclosure provides techniques for determining a reference resistance of a loudspeaker, such as in a mobile device. The reference resistance value may be used, among other applications, for speaker protection by reducing overdrive of the loudspeaker beyond safe temperature, which could damage the loudspeaker, while allowing driving of the loudspeaker closer to safety limits to improve performance of the loudspeaker. In a first aspect, a method of audio device monitoring includes applying a first signal to a loudspeaker; measuring a voltage and a current for the loudspeaker while applying the first signal to the loudspeaker; and determining a reference resistance for the loudspeaker based on the voltage and the current. Other aspects and features are also claimed and described.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 3/00 - Circuits pour transducteurs
• H04R 29/00 - Dispositifs de contrôle; Dispositifs de tests

Abrégé

Methods and apparatus for controlling a switch transition in an inductive switching circuit are disclosed. A switch driver is configured to receive an indication of current through a diode associated with a first switch and dynamically control a switch transition of a second switch based on the indication of current, so as to reduce the switch transition time, when possible, whilst maintaining a voltage transient due to the switch transition within an acceptable range.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03K 3/012 - Modifications du générateur pour améliorer le temps de réponse ou pour diminuer la consommation d'énergie
• H02M 1/08 - Circuits spécialement adaptés à la production d'une tension de commande pour les dispositifs à semi-conducteurs incorporés dans des convertisseurs statiques

Abrégé

In an example there is provided a first integrated circuit. The first integrated circuit is configured to receive an audio signal and configured to drive an audio transducer based on the received audio signal. The first integrated circuit is configured to transmit a portion of the audio signal to a second integrated circuit.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 5/04 - Circuits
• H04R 3/04 - Circuits pour transducteurs pour corriger la fréquence de réponse

Abrégé

An adaptive noise-canceling system generates an anti-noise signal with a filter that has a response controlled by a set of coefficients selected from a collection of coefficient sets. The adaptive noise-canceling system includes an acoustic output transducer for reproducing a signal containing the anti-noise signal, a first microphone for measuring ambient noise at a first location to produce a first noise measurement signal, a second microphone for measuring the ambient noise at a second location to generate a second noise measurement signal, and an analysis subsystem for analyzing the first noise measurement signal and the second noise measurement signal. The adaptive noise-canceling system also includes a controller that selects the set of coefficients from the collection of coefficient sets according to a phase difference between the first noise measurement signal and the second noise measurement signal as determined by the analysis subsystem.

Classes IPC  ?

• G10K 11/178 - Procédés ou dispositifs de protection contre le bruit ou les autres ondes acoustiques ou pour amortir ceux-ci, en général utilisant des effets d'interférence; Masquage du son par régénération électro-acoustique en opposition de phase des ondes acoustiques originales

Abrégé

A driver (300, 400) for driving a transducer has nodes for connection to high-side and low-side voltage supplies, an output node (301) and nodes (N1-N4) for connecting first and second capacitors (C1, C2). A network of switches is configured such that switching driver can be selectively switched between any of a first switch state in which a voltage at the output node is the high-side voltage supply, a second switch state in which the voltage at the output node is the low-side voltage supply, a third switch state in which the voltage at the output node is higher that the high-side voltage supply by an amount equal to the input voltage; a fourth switch state in which the voltage at the output node is higher that the high-side voltage supply by an amount equal to twice the input voltage and a fifth switch state in which the voltage at the output node is lower than the low-side voltage supply by an amount equal to the input voltage.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 1/02 - Modifications des amplificateurs pour augmenter leur rendement, p.ex. étages classe A à pente glissante, utilisation d'une oscillation auxiliaire
• H03F 3/185 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comportant des dispositifs à effet de champ
• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation

Abrégé

This application relates to control of semiconductor devices, in particular MOS devices, so as to reduce RTS/flicker noise. A circuit (100) includes a first MOS device (103, 104) and a bias controller (107). The circuit is operable in at least a first circuit state (PRO) in which the first MOS device is active to contribute to a first signal (Sout) and a second circuit state (PRST) in which the first MOS device does not contribute to the first signal. The bias controller is operable to control voltages at one or more terminals of the first MOS device to apply a pre-bias (VPB1, VPB2) during an instance of the second circuit state. The pre-bias is applied to set an occupancy state of charge carriers traps within the first MOS device, to limit noise during subsequent operation in the first circuit state. In embodiments, the bias controller is configured so that at least one parameter of the pre-bias is selectively variable in use based on one or more operating conditions.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03K 19/0948 - Circuits logiques, c. à d. ayant au moins deux entrées agissant sur une sortie; Circuits d'inversion utilisant des éléments spécifiés utilisant des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs utilisant des transistors à effet de champ utilisant des transistors MOSFET utilisant des dispositifs CMOS
• H03K 17/16 - Modifications pour éliminer les tensions ou courants parasites
• H03K 19/003 - Modifications pour accroître la fiabilité
• H03M 1/00 - Conversion analogique/numérique; Conversion numérique/analogique

Abrégé

A method for generating a signal for a device process may include retrieving a reduced-memory template signal centered on a chosen subharmonic of a reconstruction sample rate, upsampling the reduced-memory template signal to generate the signal for the device process at a desired data rate, and communicating the signal to a transducer for playback by the transducer.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01S 15/04 - Systèmes de détermination de la présence d'une cible

Abrégé

This application relates to methods and apparatus for sensing current in a monitored current path, where the monitored current path is bidirectional such that current can flow in either direction along the monitored current path. A current sensor has first and second sense resistors (401a, 401b) configured to each pass a current corresponding to the current in the monitored current path. The first and second sense resistors are configured to have a matching arrangement, such that current flow through the first sense resistor when current is flowing in one direction in the monitored current path matches current flow through the second sense resistor when current is flowing in the opposite direction in the monitored current path.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 19/00 - Dispositions pour procéder aux mesures de courant ou de tension ou pour en indiquer l'existence ou le signe

Abrégé

An acoustic signal processing system and method includes classification technology to classify a relationship between at least two sound components of a received sound signal. The exemplary sound components are ambient noise and localized noise. The classification technology dynamically determines a classification value that represents the relationship between the sound components and processes the sound signal in accordance with the acoustic signal classification to modify the sound signal. In at least one embodiment, dynamic classification of the relationship between sound components in a sound signal and responsive signal processing improve performance of systems, such as an active noise cancellation (ANC) system, by, for example, attenuating at least one of the sound components and/or enhancing at least one of the sound components. In an ANC system context, the sound components generally include noise components such as ambient noise and noise localized to a microphone.

Classes IPC  ?

• G10K 11/178 - Procédés ou dispositifs de protection contre le bruit ou les autres ondes acoustiques ou pour amortir ceux-ci, en général utilisant des effets d'interférence; Masquage du son par régénération électro-acoustique en opposition de phase des ondes acoustiques originales
• H04R 3/04 - Circuits pour transducteurs pour corriger la fréquence de réponse
• G10L 21/0232 - Traitement dans le domaine fréquentiel
• G10L 15/16 - Classement ou recherche de la parole utilisant des réseaux neuronaux artificiels
• H04R 5/033 - Casques pour communication stéréophonique
• H04R 5/04 - Circuits

Abrégé

Circuitry for acoustic crosstalk cancellation between first and second acoustic signals, the circuitry comprising: crosstalk cancellation circuitry configured to: receive a first audio signal and, based on the received first audio signal, generate a first crosstalk cancellation signal; receive a second audio signal and, based on the received second audio signal, generate a second crosstalk cancellation signal; combine the first crosstalk cancellation signal with a signal indicative of the second audio signal to generate a first crosstalk cancellation circuitry output signal; and combine the second crosstalk cancellation signal with a signal indicative of the first audio signal to generate a second crosstalk cancellation circuitry output signal; and output stage circuitry configured to: receive the first crosstalk cancellation circuitry output signal and, based on the received first crosstalk cancellation circuitry, generate a first drive signal for driving a first speaker to generate the first acoustic signal; and receive the second crosstalk cancellation circuitry output signal and, based on the received second crosstalk cancellation circuitry, generate a second drive signal for driving a second speaker to generate the second acoustic signal, wherein a parameter of the crosstalk cancellation circuitry is variable based on one or more of: a position of a user of a host device incorporating the circuitry with respect to the host device; a volume setting of the host device; a level of the first and/or second crosstalk cancellation signal; and an operational parameter of the output stage circuitry.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 3/02 - Circuits pour transducteurs pour empêcher la réaction acoustique

Abrégé

In an example there is provided an integrated circuit configured to perform a plurality of functions, the integrated circuit comprising a memory, wherein each function of the integrated circuit is configured to transmit a request to a processor, and wherein the integrated circuit is configured such that the first function to detect that its request has been serviced by the processor is configured to download firmware and/or configuration data for itself and for at least one other function.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 9/445 - Chargement ou démarrage de programme
• G06F 8/61 - Installation

Abrégé

Circuitry for determining an impedance of an electrochemical cell comprising at least one first electrode and a second electrode, the circuitry comprising: drive circuitry configured to apply a stimulus to the electrochemical cell; sense circuitry configured to measure a response of the electrochemical cell to the stimulus; and processing circuitry configured to: determine an estimated transfer function of the electrochemical cell based on the stimulus and the response; determine a score for the estimated transfer function; and adjust the stimulus or circuitry used to measure the response based on the score.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• G01N 27/416 - Systèmes
• H01M 10/42 - Procédés ou dispositions pour assurer le fonctionnement ou l'entretien des éléments secondaires ou des demi-éléments secondaires

Abrégé

Circuitry for a resistance of an electrochemical cell comprising at least one first electrode and a second electrode, the circuitry comprising: drive circuitry configured to apply a stimulus to the at least one first electrode of the electrochemical cell; sense circuitry configured to measure a response of the electrochemical cell to the stimulus, the response comprising a faradaic component and a non-faradaic component; and processing circuitry configured to: sample the response at a sample time, the sample time selected to maximise a ratio of the non-faradaic component to the faradaic component; and determine the resistance of the electrochemical cell based on the response at the sample time.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p.ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
• G01R 31/36 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p.ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge
• G01R 31/374 - Dispositions pour le test, la mesure ou la surveillance de l’état électrique d’accumulateurs ou de batteries, p.ex. de la capacité ou de l’état de charge avec des moyens pour corriger la mesure en fonction de la température ou du vieillissement

Abrégé

The application describes a switched driver (401) for outputting a drive signal at an output node (402) to drive a load such as a transducer. The driver receives respective high-side and low-side voltages (VinH, VinL) defining an input voltage at first and second input nodes and has connections for first and second capacitors (403H, 403L). A network of switching paths is configured such that each of the first and second capacitors can be selectively charged to the input voltage, the first input node can be selectively coupled to a first node (N1) by a path that include or bypass the first capacitor, and the second input node can be selectively coupled to a second node (N2) by a path that includes or bypasses the second capacitor. The output node (402) can be switched between two switching voltages at the first or second nodes. The driver is selectively operable in different operating modes, where the switching voltages are different in each of said modes.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 3/00 - Circuits pour transducteurs
• H03K 17/687 - Commutation ou ouverture de porte électronique, c. à d. par d'autres moyens que la fermeture et l'ouverture de contacts caractérisée par l'utilisation de composants spécifiés par l'utilisation, comme éléments actifs, de dispositifs à semi-conducteurs les dispositifs étant des transistors à effet de champ

Abrégé

Control circuitry for controlling a current through an inductor of a power converter, the control circuitry comprising: comparison circuitry configured to compare a measurement signal, indicative of a current through the inductor during a charging phase of the power converter, to a signal indicative of a target average current through the inductor for the charging phase and to output a comparison signal based on said comparison; detection circuitry configured to detect, based on the comparison signal, a crossing time indicative of a time at which the current through the inductor during the charging phase is equal to the target average current for the charging phase; and current control circuitry configured to control a current through the inductor during a subsequent charging phase based on the crossing time.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique
• H02M 3/157 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation avec commande numérique
• H03K 3/0233 - Circuits bistables
• H03K 5/24 - Circuits présentant plusieurs entrées et une sortie pour comparer des impulsions ou des trains d'impulsions entre eux en ce qui concerne certaines caractéristiques du signal d'entrée, p.ex. la pente, l'intégrale la caractéristique étant l'amplitude
• G01R 19/165 - Indication de ce qu'un courant ou une tension est, soit supérieur ou inférieur à une valeur prédéterminée, soit à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur d'une plage de valeurs prédéterminée
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation

Abrégé

This application relates to methods and apparatus for driving a transducer with switching drivers. A driver circuit has first and second switching drivers for driving the transducer in a bridge-tied-load configuration, each of the switching drivers having a respective output stage for controllably switching the respective driver output node between high and low switching voltages with a controlled duty cycle. Each of switching drivers is operable in a plurality of different driver modes, wherein the switching voltages are different in said different driver modes. A controller controls the driver mode of operation and the duty cycle of the switching drivers based on the input signal. The controller is configured to control the duty cycles of the first and second switching drivers within defined minimum and maximum limits of duty cycles; and to transition between driver modes of operation when the duty cycle of one of the switching drivers reaches a duty cycle limit.

Classes IPC  ?

• B06B 1/02 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique
• G06F 3/01 - Dispositions d'entrée ou dispositions d'entrée et de sortie combinées pour l'interaction entre l'utilisateur et le calculateur
• B06B 1/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique fonctionnant par effet piézo-électrique ou par électrostriction
• H10N 30/80 - Dispositifs piézo-électriques ou électrostrictifs - Détails de structure

Abrégé

There is described a two-terminal multi-level memristor element synthesised from binary memristors, which is configured to implement a variable resistance based on unary or binary code words. There is further described a circuit such as a synapse circuit implemented using a multi-level memristor element.

Classes IPC  ?

• H10B 61/00 - Dispositifs de mémoire magnétique, p.ex. dispositifs RAM magnéto-résistifs [MRAM]
• G06N 3/02 - Réseaux neuronaux
• G11C 11/16 - Mémoires numériques caractérisées par l'utilisation d'éléments d'emmagasinage électriques ou magnétiques particuliers; Eléments d'emmagasinage correspondants utilisant des éléments magnétiques utilisant des éléments dans lesquels l'effet d'emmagasinage est basé sur l'effet de spin
• H10N 50/10 - Dispositifs magnéto-résistifs

Abrégé

A system for relaying communication for a PHY/data link level communication protocol may include a first device having a first and second transceiver, the first transceiver having a first protocol controller configured to detect a first bus condition and second transceiver having a second protocol controller configured to detect a second bus condition and a switching matrix coupled to the first and second transceiver and configured to operate in a relaying mode to enable: the first protocol controller to control a physical layer of the second transceiver and enables the second protocol controller to control a physical layer of the first transceiver, a physical layer of a first transmitter of the first transceiver to receive an output of a second receiver of the second transceiver, and the physical layer of a second transmitter of the second transceiver to receive an output of a first receiver of the first transceiver.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 13/40 - Structure du bus
• G06F 13/42 - Protocole de transfert pour bus, p.ex. liaison; Synchronisation

Abrégé

Circuitry for determining an impedance of an electrochemical cell comprising at least one first electrode and a second electrode, the circuitry comprising: drive circuitry configured to apply a stimulus to the electrochemical cell, the stimulus having a stimulation frequency and a stimulation amplitude; and measurement circuitry configured to: measure an output of the electrochemical cell to generate an output signal; separate the output signal into a linear component and a non-linear component; and determine the impedance of the cell based on the linear component of the response.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• G01R 31/385 - Dispositions pour mesurer des variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs
• G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p.ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
• G01R 31/392 - Détermination du vieillissement ou de la dégradation de la batterie, p.ex. état de santé

Abrégé

Apparatus for delivering power from a battery node of a battery to an output node, the output node coupled to an analyte monitoring device, the apparatus comprising: a slow charging path between the battery node and the output node; a fast charging path parallel to the slow charging path, the fast charging path switchably coupled between the battery node and the output node; and control circuitry configured to: selectively couple the fast charging path between the battery node and the output node to allow faster transfer of charge between the battery node and the output node than the slow charging path.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries
• G01N 27/403 - Ensembles de cellules et d'électrodes
• H02J 7/34 - Fonctionnement en parallèle, dans des réseaux, de batteries avec d'autres sources à courant continu, p.ex. batterie tampon
• G01R 31/385 - Dispositions pour mesurer des variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs

Abrégé

Apparatus for delivering power from a battery node of a battery to an output node, the apparatus comprising: a slow charging path between the battery node and the output node; a fast charging path parallel to the slow charging path, the fast charging path switchably coupled between the battery node and the output node; and control circuitry configured to: selectively couple the fast charging path between the battery node and the output node to allow faster transfer of charge between the battery node and the output node than the slow charging path.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries
• H02J 7/34 - Fonctionnement en parallèle, dans des réseaux, de batteries avec d'autres sources à courant continu, p.ex. batterie tampon

Abrégé

A system for relaying communication for a PHY/data link level communication protocol may include a first device having a first and second transceiver, the first transceiver having a first protocol controller configured to detect a first bus condition and second transceiver having a second protocol controller configured to detect a second bus condition and a switching matrix coupled to the first and second transceiver and configured to operate in a relaying mode to enable: the first protocol controller to control a physical layer of the second transceiver and enables the second protocol controller to control a physical layer of the first transceiver, a physical layer of a first transmitter of the first transceiver to receive an output of a second receiver of the second transceiver, and the physical layer of a second transmitter of the second transceiver to receive an output of a first receiver of the first transceiver.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04N 23/90 - Agencement de caméras ou de modules de caméras, p. ex. de plusieurs caméras dans des studios de télévision ou des stades de sport

Abrégé

This application relates to voltage regulators and, particular, to low-dropout regulators (LDOs). The regulator (300) has an output stage (102) which receives an input voltage (Vin) and outputs an output voltage (Vout) and which includes at least one transistor (103) as an output device configured to pass an output current to the output, ased on a drive voltage (V1). A differential amplifier (101) is configured to receive a feedback signal derived from the output voltage and also a reference voltage (REF) to generate an amplifier output to control the drive voltage (V1) to minimise any difference between the feedback signal and the reference voltage. A controller (301) is operable to selectively reconfigure the output stage to provide a change in output current in response to a load activity signal (ACT), which is indicative of a change in load activity that results in a change in load current demand for a load connected, in use, to the output.

Classes IPC  ?

• G05F 1/575 - Régulation de la tension ou de l'intensité là où la variable effectivement régulée par le dispositif de réglage final est du type continu utilisant des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs en série avec la charge comme dispositifs de réglage final caractérisé par le circuit de rétroaction

Abrégé

A detected sound signal may comprise speech or non-verbal sounds, and many non-verbal sounds contain health information. If the speech, or a non-verbal sound containing health information, was produced by an enrolled user, data relating to the sound can be stored in a storage element. A system also comprises a data modification block, for obfuscating received data to provide an obfuscated version of the stored data. The system then has a first access mechanism, for controlling access to the stored data such that only an authorised user can obtain access to said stored data, and a second access mechanism, for controlling access to said stored data such the second access mechanism only provides access to the obfuscated version of the stored data.

Classes IPC  ?

• G10L 25/66 - Techniques d'analyses de la parole ou de la voix qui ne se limitent pas à un seul des groupes spécialement adaptées pour un usage particulier pour comparaison ou différentiation pour extraire des paramètres en rapport avec l’état de santé
• G16H 10/00 - TIC spécialement adaptées au maniement ou au traitement des données médicales ou de soins de santé relatives aux patients
• A61B 7/00 - Instruments d'auscultation

Abrégé

A current digital-to-analog converter may be used in a system for measuring temperature of a thermistor, with mismatch reduction techniques applied to digital-to-analog converter elements of the digital-to-analog converter in order to maximize accuracy and precisions of the temperature measurement.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01K 7/22 - Mesure de la température basée sur l'utilisation d'éléments électriques ou magnétiques directement sensibles à la chaleur utilisant des éléments résistifs l'élément étant une résistance non linéaire, p.ex. une thermistance
• H03M 1/10 - Calibrage ou tests

Abrégé

A system and method provide on-line, wafer-level, die-level, or package-level thermal calibration of an integrated measurement resistor with a single temperature insertion. The system includes a measurement resistor integrated on a substrate with an unknown temperature coefficient and a temperature reference sensor thermally coupled to the measurement resistor. A measurement circuit measures an indication of a resistance of the measurement resistor. An electrically-controllable integrated heat source is operated by a controller to change a temperature of the measurement resistor and the temperature reference sensor and stores values of the resistance indication and the sensed temperature corresponding to multiple temperatures of the temperature of the measurement resistor and the temperature reference sensor. The controller generates or approximates a mathematical relationship between the resistance of the measurement resistor and the temperature of the measurement resistor and the temperature reference sensor from the stored values.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01K 15/00 - Test ou étalonnage des thermomètres
• G01K 7/16 - Mesure de la température basée sur l'utilisation d'éléments électriques ou magnétiques directement sensibles à la chaleur utilisant des éléments résistifs

Abrégé

A battery charging system may include a first current source for charging a battery that provides a direct current for charging the battery and a second current source for charging the battery that provides an alternating current for charging the battery and that provides electrical energy for operation of a system load of the battery during discharging of the battery. Further, a battery charging system may include a first current source for charging a battery that provides a direct current for charging the battery and a second current source for charging the battery that provides an alternating current at a frequency of at least 5 KHz for charging the battery.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 7/34 - Fonctionnement en parallèle, dans des réseaux, de batteries avec d'autres sources à courant continu, p.ex. batterie tampon
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation
• H02J 7/04 - Régulation du courant ou de la tension de charge

Abrégé

An integrated circuit (IC), comprising: a first input pin for receiving a first input signal; a first converter configured to convert the first input signal to a first output signal; a first gain stage configured to apply a first gain to the first output signal; gain update circuitry configured to: output a first external gain control signal to a first output pin of the IC; and subsequently output a first internal gain control signal to the first gain stage to update the first gain of the first gain stage, wherein output of the first internal gain control signal is delayed relative to output of the first external gain control signal by a first predetermined delay, the first predetermined delay to compensate for signal chain delay between the first input pin and the first gain stage.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03G 3/30 - Commande automatique dans des amplificateurs comportant des dispositifs semi-conducteurs
• H03F 3/04 - Amplificateurs comportant comme éléments d'amplification uniquement des tubes à décharge ou uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs

Abrégé

Signal processing circuitry configured to receive an input signal and to output a processed output signal, wherein the signal processing circuitry is configured to: receive an indication of a temporal location of a transient in the input signal; and provide, in the processed output signal, a masking signal bridging the temporal location of the transient to mask the transient.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 3/04 - Circuits pour transducteurs pour corriger la fréquence de réponse
• H03G 3/30 - Commande automatique dans des amplificateurs comportant des dispositifs semi-conducteurs

Abrégé

An integrated circuit (IC), comprising: a first input pin for receiving a first input signal; a first converter configured to convert the first input signal to a first output signal; a first gain stage configured to apply a first gain to the first output signal; gain update circuitry configured to: output a first external gain control signal to a first output pin of the IC; and subsequently output a first internal gain control signal to the first gain stage to update the first gain of the first gain stage, wherein output of the first internal gain control signal is delayed relative to output of the first external gain control signal by a first predetermined delay, the first predetermined delay to compensate for signal chain delay between the first input pin and the first gain stage.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03G 1/00 - RÉGLAGE DE L'AMPLIFICATION - Détails des dispositions pour le réglage de l'amplification
• H03G 3/00 - Commande de gain dans les amplificateurs ou les changeurs de fréquence
• H03G 3/30 - Commande automatique dans des amplificateurs comportant des dispositifs semi-conducteurs
• H03F 3/187 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs dans des circuits intégrés
• H03G 3/02 - Commande actionnée manuellement
• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels

Abrégé

A system may include an analog loop filter comprising a plurality of analog integrators, the analog loop filter configured to receive an analog signal input and a feedback output signal, at least one sampler for sampling outputs of the analog integrators, a second loop filter coupled between an output of an analog pulse-width modulation driver and a digital pulse-width modulation controller, wherein the second loop filter comprises at least one integrator and is configured to receive sampled outputs of the analog integrators from the at least one sampler and receive a feedback pulse-width modulation signal from the analog pulse-width modulation driver, and a correction subsystem configured to apply a non-linear function to a signal path of the second loop filter in order to compensate for non-linearity introduced as a result of sampling outputs of the analog integrators.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation
• H03F 1/32 - Modifications des amplificateurs pour réduire la distorsion non linéaire
• H03F 1/02 - Modifications des amplificateurs pour augmenter leur rendement, p.ex. étages classe A à pente glissante, utilisation d'une oscillation auxiliaire

Abrégé

A method of detecting a suitability of a signal for live speech detection, the method comprising: receiving the signal containing speech from a transducer; measuring a signal characteristic of an audible component of the received signal; estimating an expected signal characteristic of an ultrasonic component of the received signal based on the measured signal characteristic of the audible component; determining, based on the estimated expected signal characteristic, whether the ultrasonic component is suitable for detecting whether the speech is live speech.

Classes IPC  ?

• G10L 21/0388 - Amélioration de l'intelligibilité de la parole, p.ex. réduction de bruit ou annulation d'écho utilisant des techniques d’étalement de bande - Détails du traitement à cet effet
• G10L 15/20 - Techniques de reconnaissance de la parole spécialement adaptées de par leur robustesse contre les perturbations environnantes, p.ex. en milieu bruyant ou reconnaissance de la parole émise dans une situation de stress
• G10L 21/0364 - Amélioration de l'intelligibilité de la parole, p.ex. réduction de bruit ou annulation d'écho en changeant l’amplitude pour améliorer l'intelligibilité

Abrégé

A system may include an analog loop filter comprising a plurality of analog integrators, the analog loop filter configured to receive an analog signal input and a feedback output signal, at least one sampler for sampling outputs of the analog integrators, a second loop filter coupled between an output of an analog pulse-width modulation driver and a digital pulse-width modulation controller, wherein the second loop filter comprises at least one integrator and is configured to receive sampled outputs of the analog integrators from the at least one sampler and receive a feedback pulse-width modulation signal from the analog pulse-width modulation driver, and a correction subsystem configured to apply a non-linear function to a signal path of the second loop filter in order to compensate for non-linearity introduced as a result of sampling outputs of the analog integrators.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation
• H03M 3/00 - Conversion de valeurs analogiques en, ou à partir d'une modulation différentielle
• H03K 7/08 - Modulation de durée ou de largeur

Abrégé

A driver apparatus for driving a load with a differential drive signal is described. For a level of input signal within a first range, a first switching driver modulates the voltage at a first output node with a first modulation index by switchably connecting at least one flying capacitor to the first output node, whilst a second switching driver modulates the voltage at a second output node with a second modulation index by controlling switching between DC voltages that are maintained throughout a switching cycle of the driver apparatus. The first and second switching drivers are controlled so, for at least a first part of the first input range, a change in input signal level results in a change of the first controlled modulation index that has a different magnitude to any change in the second controlled modulation index a constant modulation frequency of the differential drive signal is maintained.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation
• H02M 1/08 - Circuits spécialement adaptés à la production d'une tension de commande pour les dispositifs à semi-conducteurs incorporés dans des convertisseurs statiques
• H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p.ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande
• H04R 3/00 - Circuits pour transducteurs

Abrégé

The present disclosure relates to power converter circuitry, and in particular to power converter circuitry for providing a supply voltage to a load such as amplifier circuitry. In one aspect the invention provides a system comprising: amplifier circuitry; and power converter circuitry for receiving a supply voltage and providing an output voltage to the amplifier circuitry, the power converter circuitry comprising: a control loop for regulating an output voltage of the power converter circuitry in accordance with a target output voltage value; and controller circuitry configured to adjust the target output voltage value if the supply voltage to the power converter circuitry is within a first predefined threshold of a requested output voltage of the power converter circuitry.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation

Abrégé

This application relates to methods and apparatus for power limiting for amplifiers. An amplifier is configured to receive an input supply voltage and to draw, in use, an amplifier input current resulting in an amplifier input power. A power limiter is configured to monitor an indication of the amplifier input power, determine a first signal limit based on said indication of the amplifier input power and a pre-set limit and apply regulation to the input signal to provide a regulated input signal for input to the amplifier that does not exceed the first signal limit.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 1/52 - Circuits pour la protection de ces amplificateurs
• H03F 3/183 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs

Abrégé

Circuitry for processing an analyte signal obtained from an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a first analog-to-digital converter (ADC) configured to generate a first digital output based on the analyte signal; a second ADC configured to generate a second digital output based on the analyte signal; and control circuitry configured to control generation of the second digital output by the second ADC based on the first digital output from the first ADC.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01N 27/327 - Electrodes biochimiques
• H03M 1/12 - Convertisseurs analogiques/numériques
• A61B 5/1468 - Mesure des caractéristiques du sang in vivo, p.ex. de la concentration des gaz dans le sang, de la valeur du pH du sang en utilisant des procédés chimiques ou électrochimiques, p.ex. par des moyens polarographiques
• A61B 5/1486 - Mesure des caractéristiques du sang in vivo, p.ex. de la concentration des gaz dans le sang, de la valeur du pH du sang en utilisant des électrodes enzymatiques, p.ex. avec oxydase immobilisée
• A61B 5/145 - Mesure des caractéristiques du sang in vivo, p.ex. de la concentration des gaz dans le sang, de la valeur du pH du sang
• A61B 5/00 - Mesure servant à établir un diagnostic ; Identification des individus

Abrégé

A method of adapting a battery charging profile of a battery may include monitoring one or more parameters associated with the battery during normal operation of a device powered from the battery and while the battery is simultaneously charged by a charger and is discharged by a dynamic system load of the device, determining an impedance of the battery based on the one or more parameters, determining a condition of the battery based on the impedance and the one or more parameters, and adapting the battery charging profile based on the condition.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/382 - Dispositions pour la surveillance de variables des batteries ou des accumulateurs, p.ex. état de charge
• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• G01R 31/396 - Acquisition ou traitement de données pour le test ou la surveillance d’éléments particuliers ou de groupes particuliers d’éléments dans une batterie
• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries

Abrégé

A switched mode amplifier system may include a switched mode amplifier having an amplifier input coupled to an output of an analog integrator and an amplifier output, include a feedback network coupled between the amplifier output and an input of the analog integrator, include a loop filter configured to generate a digital loop filter output, include a quantizer configured to generate a pulse-width modulated representation of the digital loop filter output; and include a calibration system. The calibration system may be configured to force the input of the analog integrator to a fixed known input value, low-pass filter the pulse-width modulated representation of the digital loop filter output generated by the quantizer to generate a filtered quantizer output signal, determine an offset of the switched mode amplifier system based on the filtered quantizer output signal, and correct for the offset.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation
• H03F 3/185 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comportant des dispositifs à effet de champ
• H03K 7/08 - Modulation de durée ou de largeur

Abrégé

A switched mode amplifier system may include a switched mode amplifier having an amplifier input coupled to an output of an analog integrator and an amplifier output and include a calibration system. The calibration system may be configured to force the input of the analog integrator to a fixed known input value, force the amplifier output to a fixed known duty cycle, measure an analog signal generated at the output of the analog integrator in response to forcing the input of the analog integrator to the fixed value, determine an offset of the switched mode amplifier system based on the analog signal, and correct for the offset.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels
• H03F 3/183 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs
• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation

Abrégé

A method of adapting a battery charging profile of a battery may include monitoring one or more parameters associated with the battery during normal operation of a device powered from the battery and while the battery is simultaneously charged by a charger and is discharged by a dynamic system load of the device, determining an impedance of the battery based on the one or more parameters, determining a condition of the battery based on the impedance and the one or more parameters, and adapting the battery charging profile based on the condition.

Classes IPC  ?

• G01R 31/367 - Logiciels à cet effet, p.ex. pour le test des batteries en utilisant une modélisation ou des tables de correspondance
• G01R 31/389 - Mesure de l’impédance interne, de la conductance interne ou des variables similaires
• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries

Abrégé

A power converter system may include a first power converter configured to couple via its input to a power source and configured to convert an input voltage provided by the power source to an intermediate voltage, a second power converter coupled via its input to an output of the first power converter and configured to convert the intermediate voltage to a regulated output voltage, a capacitor coupled at one of its terminals to an electrical node of the intermediate voltage. Based on one or more electrical parameters of the power converter, the second power converter is controlled to regulate the regulated output voltage at a substantially constant level and the first power converter is controlled to control the intermediate voltage to maintain the intermediate voltage between a maximum voltage and a minimum voltage and regulate an input current drawn from the power source at a substantially constant level.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 1/42 - Circuits ou dispositions pour corriger ou ajuster le facteur de puissance dans les convertisseurs ou les onduleurs
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation
• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique
• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries

Abrégé

A switched mode amplifier system may include a switched mode amplifier having an amplifier input coupled to an output of an analog integrator and an amplifier output, include a feedback network coupled between the amplifier output and an input of the analog integrator, include a loop filter configured to generate a digital loop filter output, include a quantizer configured to generate a pulse-width modulated representation of the digital loop filter output; and include a calibration system. The calibration system may be configured to force the input of the analog integrator to a fixed known input value, low-pass filter the pulse-width modulated representation of the digital loop filter output generated by the quantizer to generate a filtered quantizer output signal, determine an offset of the switched mode amplifier system based on the filtered quantizer output signal, and correct for the offset.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/187 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs dans des circuits intégrés
• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation

Abrégé

A switched mode amplifier system may include a switched mode amplifier having an amplifier input coupled to an output of an analog integrator and an amplifier output, include a feedback network coupled between the amplifier output and an input of the analog integrator, and a calibration system. The calibration system may be configured to force the input of the analog integrator to a fixed known input value, force the amplifier output to a fixed known duty cycle, measure an analog signal generated at the output of the analog integrator in response to forcing the input of the analog integrator to the fixed value, determine an offset of the switched mode amplifier system based on the analog signal, and correct for the offset.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/183 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs
• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation
• H03F 3/45 - Amplificateurs différentiels

Abrégé

An audio codec integrated circuit (IC), comprising: an audio input interface; an audio output interface, wherein a first one of the audio input interface and the audio output interface comprises a plurality of interface pins, each interface pin configured to receive a respective one of a plurality of audio input signals or output a respective one of a plurality of audio output signals; a plurality of data converters for converting the plurality of audio input signals into the plurality of audio output signals; and routing circuitry for routing the plurality of audio input signals to the data converters and the plurality of audio output signals from the data converters, the routing circuitry configurable by at least one select pin to adjust the order of routing of the plurality of audio input signals to the data converters or the order of routing of the plurality of audio output signals from the data converters.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 5/04 - Circuits
• H04R 3/12 - Circuits pour transducteurs pour distribuer des signaux à plusieurs haut-parleurs

Abrégé

An integrated circuit (IC), comprising: a first transducer driver for driving a first transducer; a second transducer driver for driving a second transducer; and boost circuitry comprising first and second boost nodes, the boost converter configurable to boost a supply voltage received at one or more input pins of the IC to provide first and second boosted voltages to respective first and second transducer drivers via respective first and second boost nodes.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 5/04 - Circuits
• H04R 3/12 - Circuits pour transducteurs pour distribuer des signaux à plusieurs haut-parleurs
• H04S 1/00 - Systèmes à deux canaux
• H04R 5/02 - Dispositions spatiales ou structurelles de haut-parleurs

Abrégé

A power converter for converting an input voltage at an input of the power converter into an output voltage at an output of the power converter may include a first power converter branch comprising a first capacitor, a first switch network, and a first inductor, the first switch network arranged to selectably couple the first capacitor between an input voltage, a first reference voltage, and a first terminal of the first inductor, wherein a second terminal of the first inductor is coupled to an output node; a second power converter branch comprising a second capacitor, a second switch network, and a second inductor, the second switch network arranged to selectably couple the second capacitor between the input voltage, a second reference voltage, and a first terminal of the second inductor, wherein a second terminal of the second inductor is coupled to the output node; and a third switch network between the first power converter branch and the second power converter branch, wherein the third switch network is arranged to selectably couple the first and second capacitors in series or in parallel, to allow enable charge balancing between the first capacitor and second capacitor.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p.ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande
• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation

Abrégé

Amplifier circuits provide operation with low-distortion zero crossings outside of a unipolar power supply voltage range. The amplifiers include multiple driver circuits and a control circuit. The control circuit selects between actively operating selected ones of the multiple driver circuits or all of the multiple driver circuits, according to an input signal to be reproduced by one or more of the multiple amplifier driver circuits. The control circuit determines a splice point at which the control circuit selects between actively operating selected ones of the multiple driver circuits or all of the multiple driver circuits.

Classes IPC  ?

• H03F 3/187 - Amplificateurs à basse fréquence, p.ex. préamplificateurs à fréquence musicale comportant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs dans des circuits intégrés
• H03F 1/26 - Modifications des amplificateurs pour réduire l'influence du bruit provoqué par les éléments amplificateurs
• H03F 3/217 - Amplificateurs de puissance de classe D; Amplificateurs à commutation

Abrégé

A DC-DC converter for converting an input voltage at an input node, the converter comprising: first and second inductor nodes for connection of an inductor therebetween; first and second flying capacitor nodes for connection of a flying capacitor therebetween; a first switching network for selectively connecting the first flying capacitor node to each of the input node and the first inductor node; a second switching network for selectively connecting the second flying capacitor node to each of the input node and a reference voltage node; and reservoir circuitry, comprising: first and second reservoir capacitor nodes for connection of a reservoir capacitor therebetween; a third switching network for selectively connecting the first reservoir capacitor node to each of the first and second flying capacitor nodes; a fourth switching network for selectively connecting the second reservoir capacitor node to each of the second flying capacitor node and the reference voltage node.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p.ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande
• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation

Abrégé

A DC-DC converter for converting an input voltage at an input node, the converter comprising: first and second inductor nodes for connection of an inductor therebetween; first and second flying capacitor nodes for connection of a flying capacitor therebetween; a first switching network for selectively connecting the first flying capacitor node to each of the input node and the first inductor node; a second switching network for selectively connecting the second flying capacitor node to each of the input node and a reference voltage node; and reservoir circuitry, comprising: first and second reservoir capacitor nodes for connection of a reservoir capacitor therebetween; a third switching network for selectively connecting the first reservoir capacitor node to each of the first and second flying capacitor nodes; a fourth switching network for selectively connecting the second reservoir capacitor node to each of the second flying capacitor node and the reference voltage node.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation
• H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p.ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande
• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique

Abrégé

The controller for a system including a power converter may be configured to cause the system to operate in one of a low-power mode and the high-power mode based on power demand from a load at the output of the power converter and when in the low-power mode, monitor the output of the power converter to detect an occurrence of a load transient from the load and in response to detecting the occurrence of the load transient, transition from the low-power mode to the high-power mode via a transition mode to minimize undershoot and overshoot of the output voltage.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 1/00 - APPAREILS POUR LA TRANSFORMATION DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT ALTERNATIF, DE COURANT ALTERNATIF EN COURANT CONTINU OU VICE VERSA OU DE COURANT CONTINU EN COURANT CONTINU ET EMPLOYÉS AVEC LES RÉSEAUX DE DISTRIBUTION D'ÉNERGIE OU DES SYSTÈMES D'ALI; TRANSFORMATION D'UNE PUISSANCE D'ENTRÉE EN COURANT CONTINU OU COURANT ALTERNATIF EN UNE PUISSANCE DE SORTIE DE CHOC; LEUR COMMANDE OU RÉGULATION - Détails d'appareils pour transformation
• H02M 1/15 - Dispositions de réduction des ondulations d'une entrée ou d'une sortie en courant continu utilisant des éléments actifs
• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique

Abrégé

An integrated circuit (IC), comprising: a converter comprising: one or more core devices; and one or more output internal nodes, each internal node coupled to one of the one or more core devices; protection circuitry comprising: one or more isolation switches, each of the one or more isolation switches coupled between a respective one of the one or more internal output nodes and a respective output external pin of the IC, wherein the protection circuitry configured to: monitor a characteristic at each respective external output pin of the IC; and if the characteristic is outside an operating specification of the one or more core devices, open one or more of the one or more isolation switches to isolate one or more of the one or more core devices from the respective external pin of the IC.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02H 7/20 - Circuits de protection de sécurité spécialement adaptés pour des machines ou appareils électriques de types particuliers ou pour la protection sectionnelle de systèmes de câble ou ligne, et effectuant une commutation automatique dans le cas d'un chan pour équipement électronique
• H02H 1/00 - CIRCUITS DE PROTECTION DE SÉCURITÉ - Détails de circuits de protection de sécurité

Abrégé

Embodiments of the invention relate to methods, apparatus and systems for biometric processes. The methods include updating stored ear model data for a user following successful authentication of the user. The ear model data may be acquired using a personal audio device that generates an acoustic stimulus and detects a measured response. The acquisition of the ear model data may be responsive to a determination that the personal audio device is inserted into or placed adjacent to the user's ear. The acquisition of the ear model data may also be responsive to the determination that the personal audio device has not been removed from or moved away from the user's ear.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 21/32 - Authentification de l’utilisateur par données biométriques, p.ex. empreintes digitales, balayages de l’iris ou empreintes vocales
• G10K 11/178 - Procédés ou dispositifs de protection contre le bruit ou les autres ondes acoustiques ou pour amortir ceux-ci, en général utilisant des effets d'interférence; Masquage du son par régénération électro-acoustique en opposition de phase des ondes acoustiques originales
• G06F 16/23 - Mise à jour
• G06F 21/40 - Authentification de l’utilisateur sous réserve d’un quorum, c. à d. avec l’intervention nécessaire d’au moins deux responsables de la sécurité
• G10L 17/00 - Identification ou vérification du locuteur

Abrégé

A method of detecting live speech comprises: receiving a signal containing speech; obtaining a first component of the received signal in a first frequency band, wherein the first frequency band includes audio frequencies; and obtaining a second component of the received signal in a second frequency band higher than the first frequency band. Then, modulation of the first component of the received signal is detected; modulation of the second component of the received signal is detected; and the modulation of the first component of the received signal and the modulation of the second component of the received signal are compared. It may then be determined that the speech may not be live speech, if the modulation of the first component of the received signal differs from the modulation of the second component of the received signal.

Classes IPC  ?

• G10L 15/06 - Création de gabarits de référence; Entraînement des systèmes de reconnaissance de la parole, p.ex. adaptation aux caractéristiques de la voix du locuteur
• G10L 19/26 - Pré-filtrage ou post-filtrage
• G10L 25/78 - Détection de la présence ou de l’absence de signaux de voix

Abrégé

A buck-boost converter for converting an input voltage at an input node into an output voltage at an output node, the converter comprising: first and second inductor nodes for connection of an inductor therebetween; a first converter stage coupled between the input node and the first inductor node; and a second converter stage coupled between the second inductor node and the output node, wherein one or more of the first converter stage and the second converter stage comprises a switching network, comprising: a first switch for selectively connecting a first flying capacitor node to a stage input node; a second switch for selectively connecting the first flying capacitor node to a stage output node; a third switch for selectively connecting a second flying capacitor node to the stage output node; and a fourth switch for selectively connecting the second flying capacitor node to a reference voltage, the first and second flying capacitor nodes for connection of a flying capacitor therebetween.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique
• H02M 7/483 - Convertisseurs munis de sorties pouvant chacune avoir plus de deux niveaux de tension

Abrégé

A buck-boost converter for converting an input voltage at an input node into an output voltage at an output node, the converter comprising: first and second inductor nodes for connection of an inductor therebetween; a first converter stage coupled between the input node and the first inductor node; and a second converter stage coupled between the second inductor node and the output node, wherein one or more of the first converter stage and the second converter stage comprises a switching network, comprising: a first switch for selectively connecting a first flying capacitor node to a stage input node; a second switch for selectively connecting the first flying capacitor node to a stage output node; a third switch for selectively connecting a second flying capacitor node to the stage output node; and a fourth switch for selectively connecting the second flying capacitor node to a reference voltage, the first and second flying capacitor nodes for connection of a flying capacitor therebetween.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/158 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des tubes à décharge avec électrode de commande ou des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande utilisant des dispositifs du type triode ou transistor exigeant l'application continue d'un signal de commande utilisant uniquement des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec commande automatique de la tension ou du courant de sortie, p.ex. régulateurs à commutation comprenant plusieurs dispositifs à semi-conducteurs comme dispositifs de commande finale pour une charge unique
• H02M 3/07 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques utilisant des résistances ou des capacités, p.ex. diviseur de tension utilisant des capacités chargées et déchargées alternativement par des dispositifs à semi-conducteurs avec électrode de commande

Abrégé

A cell balancing system for balancing a set of series-connected cells, the cell balancing system comprising first balancer circuitry and second balancer circuitry. The first balancer circuitry comprises a first set of capacitors and a first switch network. The first switch network is controllable such that in operation of the cell balancing system: during a first phase of operation of the first balancer circuitry, a capacitor of the first set of capacitors is coupled to a first cell of the set of series-connected cells; and during a second phase of operation of the first balancer circuitry, the capacitor of the first set of capacitors is coupled to a second cell of the set of series-connected cells. The second balancer circuitry comprises a second set of capacitors and a second switch network. The second switch network is controllable such that in operation of the cell balancing system: during a first phase of operation of the second balancer circuitry, a capacitor of the second set of capacitors is coupled to a first subset of cells of the set of series- connected cells, the first subset comprising two or more of the set of series-connected cells; and during a second phase of operation of the second balancer circuitry, the capacitor of the second set of capacitors is coupled to a second subset of cells of the set of series-connected cells, different than the first subset, the second subset comprising two or more of the set of series-connected cells.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries
• H02J 7/34 - Fonctionnement en parallèle, dans des réseaux, de batteries avec d'autres sources à courant continu, p.ex. batterie tampon

Abrégé

A method and apparatus for detecting a microphone condition of a microphone, the method comprising: applying an electrical stimulus to a microphone; measuring an electrical response to the electrical stimulus at the microphone; comparing the electrical response to an expected response; and determining the microphone condition based on the comparison.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 29/00 - Dispositifs de contrôle; Dispositifs de tests

Abrégé

A power management integrated circuit (PMIC) may have a loop controller configured to receive a first error signal from a first driver IC having a first driver powered from a supply voltage and configured to drive a first output signal responsive to a first input signal and a first error detector configured to generate the first error signal based between the supply voltage as detected locally to the first driver IC and a first reference voltage associated with the first driver, receive a second error signal from a second driver IC analogous to the first driver IC, and regulate the supply voltage based on the first and second error signals.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02M 3/00 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu
• H02M 3/02 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif
• H02M 3/04 - Transformation d'une puissance d'entrée en courant continu en une puissance de sortie en courant continu sans transformation intermédiaire en courant alternatif par convertisseurs statiques

Abrégé

A cell balancing system for balancing a set of series-connected cells, the cell balancing system comprising first balancer circuitry and second balancer circuitry. The first balancer circuitry comprises a first set of capacitors and a first switch network. The first switch network is controllable such that in operation of the cell balancing system: during a first phase of operation of the first balancer circuitry, a capacitor of the first set of capacitors is coupled to a first cell of the set of series-connected cells; and during a second phase of operation of the first balancer circuitry, the capacitor of the first set of capacitors is coupled to a second cell of the set of series-connected cells. The second balancer circuitry comprises a second set of capacitors and a second switch network. The second switch network is controllable such that in operation of the cell balancing system: during a first phase of operation of the second balancer circuitry, a capacitor of the second set of capacitors is coupled to a first subset of cells of the set of series-connected cells, the first subset comprising two or more of the set of series-connected cells; and during a second phase of operation of the second balancer circuitry, the capacitor of the second set of capacitors is coupled to a second subset of cells of the set of series-connected cells, different than the first subset, the second subset comprising two or more of the set of series-connected cells.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries
• H02J 7/34 - Fonctionnement en parallèle, dans des réseaux, de batteries avec d'autres sources à courant continu, p.ex. batterie tampon

Abrégé

Cell balancing circuitry for balancing a set of cells, the cell balancing circuitry comprising: a switch network configured for coupling to the cells; a set of capacitors coupled in parallel between the switch network and a common node; and detection circuitry configured to detect a fault in a capacitor of the set of capacitors based on a voltage at the common node.

Classes IPC  ?

• H02J 7/00 - Circuits pour la charge ou la dépolarisation des batteries ou pour alimenter des charges par des batteries
• H02J 7/34 - Fonctionnement en parallèle, dans des réseaux, de batteries avec d'autres sources à courant continu, p.ex. batterie tampon

Abrégé

Embodiments described herein relate to methods and apparatuses for controlling an operation of a vibrational output system and/or an operation of an input sensor system, wherein the controller is for use in a device comprising the vibrational output system and the input sensor system. A controller comprises an input configured to receive an indication of activation or de-activation of an output of the vibrational output system; and an adjustment module configured to adjust the operation of the vibrational output system and/or the operation of the input sensor system based on the indication to reduce an interference expected to be caused by the output of the vibrational output system on the input sensory system.

Classes IPC  ?

• G06F 3/01 - Dispositions d'entrée ou dispositions d'entrée et de sortie combinées pour l'interaction entre l'utilisateur et le calculateur
• G08B 6/00 - Systèmes de signalisation tactile, p.ex. systèmes d'appel de personnes
• B06B 1/04 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique fonctionnant par électromagnétisme
• B06B 1/02 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique

Abrégé

This application relates to an amplifier selectively operable in first or second modes. The first mode is a BTL mode with first and second output drivers (103p, 103n) both active to generate respective driving signals that vary with an input signal. The second mode is an SE mode, where the first output driver (103p) is active to generate a driving signal at and the output of the second driver (103n) is held constant. A controller (201) selectively controls the mode based on an indication of output signal amplitude. In the first mode, a ratio of magnitude of the two driving signals varies with the indication of output signal amplitude, i.e. the magnitudes of the two driving signals may vary so as to be not equal.

Classes IPC  ?

• B26D 1/26 - Coupe d'une pièce caractérisée par la nature ou par le mouvement de l'élément coupant; Appareils ou machines à cet effet; Eléments coupants à cet effet comportant un élément qui ne suit pas le mouvement de la pièce ayant un élément coupant se déplaçant autour d'un axe avec un élément coupant non circulaire se déplaçant autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire à la ligne de coupe
• B26D 7/20 - Bancs à couper
• B26F 3/08 - Séparation par la chaleur avec des éléments chauffés

Abrégé

A system may include driving circuitry configured to drive a driving signal to an output transducer, sensing circuitry configured to sense a physical quantity associated with the output transducer in response to the driving signal, and interference detection circuitry configured to detect the presence of interference of the system and mitigate the effect of the interference in the system.

Classes IPC  ?

• H04R 3/00 - Circuits pour transducteurs
• B06B 1/02 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique
• B06B 1/04 - Procédés ou appareils pour produire des vibrations mécaniques de fréquence infrasonore, sonore ou ultrasonore utilisant l'énergie électrique fonctionnant par électromagnétisme
• H04R 29/00 - Dispositifs de contrôle; Dispositifs de tests
• G06F 3/01 - Dispositions d'entrée ou dispositions d'entrée et de sortie combinées pour l'interaction entre l'utilisateur et le calculateur

Abrégé

A system may include driving circuitry configured to drive a driving signal to an output transducer, sensing circuitry configured to sense a physical quantity associated with the output transducer in response to the driving signal, and interference detection circuitry configured to detect the presence of interference of the system and mitigate the effect of the interference in the system.

Classes IPC  ?

• G08B 6/00 - Systèmes de signalisation tactile, p.ex. systèmes d'appel de personnes
• G06F 3/01 - Dispositions d'entrée ou dispositions d'entrée et de sortie combinées pour l'interaction entre l'utilisateur et le calculateur