A method of producing a hermetically sealed package includes contacting a first glass substrate with a first metal foil, conducting a first welding step to bond the first glass substrate to the first metal foil and form a first bond location, contacting a second glass substrate with a second metal foil, conducting a second welding step to bond the second glass substrate to the second foil to form a second bond location, positioning the first metal foil adjacent to the second metal foil, positioning a component between the first metal foil and the second metal foil, contacting the first metal foil with the second metal foil, and sealing the first metal foil and the second metal foil to form a third bond location and to produce the hermetically sealed package.
C03C 27/02 - Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
C03C 27/10 - Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
2.
TWO-POINT BEND TESTING APPARATUSES AND METHODS OF USING THE SAME
Disclosed herein are testing apparatuses for testing stresses in substrates. The testing apparatus includes a base, a first plate coupled to the base, the first plate being movable relative to the base along a first axis, a second plate coupled to the base, the second plate being movable relative to the base and relative to the first plate along a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis, a first actuator operable to move the first plate along the first axis towards or away from the second plate, a second actuator operable to move the second plate along the second axis relative to the first plate, and a controller operatively connected to the first actuator and the second actuator operable to control movement of the first plate and the second plate.
Stir apparatus includes a drive shaft, a stir shaft, and a coupling device attaching an end portion of the drive shaft to an end portion of the stir shaft. In some embodiments, the stir apparatus further comprises a support bracket configured to transfer a lifting force from the drive shaft to the stir shaft while bypassing the coupling device. In some embodiments, the stir apparatus still further comprises a jack configured to move the stir shaft and a plurality of protrusions together as a unit. In some embodiments, methods lift a plurality of protrusions relative to a stir vessel where a lifting force is bypassed from being applied to the coupling device. In some embodiments, the methods include operating a jack to apply the lifting force.
An emissive display includes a substrate; an array of light-emitting diode (LED) pixels on the substrate; a cover plate adhered to the substrate with an optically clear adhesive (OCA); and a light scattering layer between the array of LED pixels and a front surface of the cover plate.
H01L 27/15 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, specially adapted for light emission
H01L 25/075 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups , or in a single subclass of , , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
5.
ANTIMICROBIAL ARTICLES WITH A SURFACE CONTAINING COPPER, SILVER, AND/OR GOLD NANOSTRUCTURES, AND METHODS OF MAKING
INSTITUCIÓ CATALANA DE RECERCA I ESTUDIS AVANÇATS (Spain)
Inventor
Graham, Christina Louise
Pruneri, Valerio
Senaratne, Wageesha
Thelen, Dean Michael
Abstract
An antimicrobial article and methods of making, the antimicrobial article comprising a substrate comprising a first major surface and a second major surface; an optional adhesion layer disposed on the first major surface of the substrate; discontinuous islands comprising copper, silver, gold, or any combination thereof disposed on the first major surface of the substrate, the optional adhesion layer if present, or both; and a dielectric layer disposed between and at least partially covering the discontinuous islands; wherein the discontinuous islands and the dielectric layer together form an outer antimicrobial surface.
C03C 17/34 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
C03C 4/00 - Compositions for glass with special properties
C03C 17/36 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
G02B 1/18 - Coatings for keeping optical surfaces clean, e.g. hydrophobic or photo-catalytic films
6.
PHASE SEPARABLE GLASS COMPOSITIONS HAVING IMPROVED MECHANICAL DURABILITY
A macrosparger (300) for a benchtop bioreactor (370) comprises a tubing (310) and a base (330). The base comprises a plurality of sparging elements (320) in gaseous communication with the tubing and an interior of a benchtop bioreactor. Each sparging element comprises a cylindrical body having an internal compartment formed by a top surface and a bottom surface, the top surface and bottom surface connected by a sidewall, wherein the top surface and bottom surface are substantially oval-shaped. The benchtop bioreactor may be a perfusion bioreactor. A related system comprising the macrosparger and benchtop bioreactor may be used for performing a continuous cell culture.
Methods of etching a plurality of glass-based sheets comprise sorting a plurality glass-based sheets into a plurality of groups based on an average sheet thickness of a corresponding glass-based sheet. A maximum difference between a first average sheet thickness of a first sheet and a second average sheet thickness of a second sheet of a first group of the plurality of groups is less than or equal to a predefined threshold. Methods can further comprise sorting the first group into a plurality of sub-groups based on a total thickness variation. Methods of etching a glass-based sheet comprise placing the glass-based sheet in a jig, where a second edge is closer to the perimeter support than the first edge is to the perimeter support. Methods of etching a glass-based sheet comprise placing the glass-based sheet in a jig, where a first edge is closest to a top side of the jig.
A glass-ceramic article includes a crystalline phase comprising stuffed α-quartz and gahnite and a residual glass phase. The glass-ceramic has a composition comprising: greater than or equal to 69.5 mol % and less than or equal to 85 mol % SiO2; greater than or equal to 7 mol % and less than or equal to 20 mol % Al2O3; greater than or equal to 4.5 mol % and less than or equal to 12 mol % ZnO: greater than or equal to 1 mol % and less than or equal to 8 mol % LizO; and greater than or equal to 0.5 mol % and less than or equal to 4 mol % ZrO2.
C03C 10/00 - Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
C03B 32/02 - Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
C03C 3/085 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
10.
INTERDIGITATED ELECTRODE ASSEMBLIES, LIQUID CRYSTAL DEVICES, AND METHODS FOR MANUFACTURE
Disclosed are interdigitated electrode assemblies and liquid crystal devices and windows including such assemblies, wherein the interdigitated electrode assembly comprises: a substrate: a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes, wherein the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes are interdigitated: at least one first insulator which overlays at least a portion of the plurality of second electrodes: and a first bus bar which overlays the at least one first insulator and does not electrically contact the plurality of second electrodes. Also disclosed are methods for manufacturing interdigitated electrode assemblies and liquid crystal devices and windows including those assemblies.
Methods for producing articles from a glass tube include securing a working end of the glass tube in a glass tube holder of a converter having a plurality of processing stations including a heating station and a forming station. An initial length of the glass tube includes a plurality of serial segments, each of the plurality of serial segments corresponding to one article and having an article number. The methods include heating the working end of the glass tube in the heating station, adjusting an amount of heating of the glass tube in the heating station based on the article number at the working end of the glass tube, and forming a feature of the article in the forming station. Adjusting the amount of heating based on the article number reduces variation in tube temperature, article dimensions, or both, from one article number to the next article number.
A glass composition includes: greater than or equal to 45 mol % and less than or equal to 70 mol % SiO2; greater than or equal to 5 mol % and less than or equal to 15 mol % Al2O3; greater than or equal to 5 mol % and less than or equal to 15 mol % B2O3; greater than or equal to 5.5 mol % and less than or equal to 15 mol % Li2O; and greater than or equal to 0.5 mol % and less than or equal to 12 mol % MgO. RO may be greater than or equal 5.5 mol % and less than or equal to 14 mol %, wherein RO is the sum of MgO, CaO, BaO, and SrO. The glass composition may be free of at least one of La2O3 and Yb2O3. The glass composition may be phase separable.
Methods of recovering lithium from glass include crushing the glass to produce glass particles and contacting the glass particles with an aqueous leaching solution at a leaching temperature greater than ambient temperature and less than the boiling temperature of the aqueous leaching solution to produce a leachate slurry. The glass particles include lithium. The aqueous leaching solution includes sulfuric acid in water or sodium hydroxide in water. Contacting the glass particles with the aqueous leaching solution leaches greater than or equal to about 50% of the lithium out of the glass particles. The methods further comprise separating the leachate slurry to produce a solid residue and a leachate, the leachate comprising the lithium leached from the glass particles. The method further include recovering the lithium from the leachate through precipitation.
A fixed-bed cell culture matrix formed from a rolled cell culture substrate is provided that includes a cell culture vessel having an inlet, an outlet, and an interior reservoir fluidly disposed in a fluid pathway between the inlet and the outlet. A cell culture matrix is disposed in the reservoir in a wound configuration around a winding axis. The cell culture matrix includes a structurally defined substrate from a substrate material defining a plurality of pores, the substrate material being designed for adhering cells thereto. A plurality of permeability zones are provided in the cell culture matrix, which include an opening in the substrate, where the opening being larger than a diameter of any of the plurality of pores. The plurality of permeability zones are arranged with a variable periodicity along a length of the substrate in the wound configuration.
Glass-based article including a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a thickness (t), and a stress profile are disclosed having a thickness (t) of about 3 millimeters or less, and wherein all points of the stress profile between a thickness range from about 0·t up to 0.3·t and from greater than 0.7·t, comprise a tangent with a slope that is less than about −0.1 MPa/micrometers or greater than about 0.1 MPa/micrometers. Also disclosed are glass-based articles having a thickness (t) in a range of 0.1 mm and 2 mm; and wherein at least one point of the stress profile in a first thickness range from about 0·t up to 0.020·t and greater than 0.98·t comprises a tangent with a slope of from about −200 MPa/micrometer to about −25 MPa/micrometer or about 25 MPa/micrometer to about 200 MPa/micrometer, and wherein all points of the stress profile in a second thickness range from about 0.035·t and less than 0.965·t comprise a tangent with a slope of from about −15 MPa/micrometer to about 15 MPa/micrometer.
A glass cartridge comprises a cylindrical body portion comprising an outer diameter Dc and an average sidewall thickness Tc, the cylindrical body portion having a first end and a second end opposite the first end; an opening at the first end of the cylindrical body portion; a shoulder extending radially inward from the second end of the cylindrical body portion; and a neck extending from the shoulder and comprising an outer neck diameter NOD that is less than the outer diameter Dc of the cylindrical body portion. The average wall thickness Tc is less than or equal to 0.85*s1, wherein s1 is a wall thickness of a standard glass cartridge defined by ISO 13926-1:2004 having an outer diameter d1 that is closer to the outer diameter Dc than the outer diameter d1 of any other standard glass cartridge defined by ISO 13926-1:2004.
32323252223232522 (germania) and other components. The glass compositions feature high refractive index and high transmittance in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
Glass compositions include one or more of tungsten oxide (WO3), boron oxide (B2O3), lanthanum oxide (La2O3), niobia (Nb2O5), titania (TiO2) and zirconia (ZrO2) as essential components and may optionally include yttria (Y2O3), barium oxide (BaO), calcium oxide (CaO), antimony oxide (Sb2O3), P2O5(phosphorus oxide), PbO (lead oxide), GeO2 (germania) and other components. The glass compositions feature high refractive index and high transmittance in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
A layered structure, an article such as circuit board including such a layered structure, and methods of making the same are provided. The layered structure includes a substrate comprising glass or glass ceramic, an adhesion layer disposed on the substrate, a seed layer disposed on the adhesion layer, a first conductive layer disposed on the seed layer, and a second conductive layer disposed on the first conductive layer. The seed layer includes a first metal material and has a first type of stress with respect to the substrate. The first conductive layer includes the first metal material and has a second type of stress with respect to the substrate. The second conductive layer includes a second metal material and has the first type of stress with respect to the substrate. The layered structure may further include additional pairs of alternating layers of the first and the second conductive layers.
C03C 17/09 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals by deposition from the vapour phase
C03C 17/10 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with metals by deposition from the liquid phase
C03C 17/36 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
C23C 14/18 - Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
C23C 28/02 - Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of main groups , or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses and only coatings of metallic material
H05K 1/09 - Use of materials for the metallic pattern
H05K 3/18 - Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
20.
LITHIUM RECOVERY FROM WASTE GLASS USING MOLTEN SALT TREATMENT
A method for extracting lithium metal ions from glass includes contacting the glass with a molten salt bath for a duration of time, wherein the glass includes lithium and the contacting the glass with the molten salt bath for the duration of time extracts at least 40% of the lithium metal ions from the glass. The method further includes removing residual solids from the molten salt bath, wherein the residual solids include residual glass having a reduced concentration of lithium. The method further includes precipitating lithium metal ions from the molten salt bath to produce a solid precipitated lithium salt and separating the precipitated lithium salt from the molten salt bath.
Disclosed herein are testing apparatuses for testing stresses in substrates. The testing apparatus includes a base, a first plate coupled to the base, the first plate being movable relative to the base along a first axis, a second plate coupled to the base, the second plate being movable relative to the base and relative to the first plate along a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis, a first actuator operable to move the first plate along the first axis towards or away from the second plate, a second actuator operable to move the second plate along the second axis relative to the first plate, and a controller operatively connected to the first actuator and the second actuator operable to control movement of the first plate and the second plate.
Embodiments of a deadfront article are provided. The deadfront article includes a substrate having a first surface and a second surface. The deadfront article also includes a semi-transparent layer disposed onto the second surface of the substrate. The semi-transparent layer has a region of a solid color or of a design of two or more colors, and the semi-transparent layer has a first optical density. Further, the deadfront article includes a contrast layer disposed onto the region. The contrast layer is configured to enhance visibility of the color(s) of the semi-transparent layer.
C03C 3/078 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing an oxide of a divalent metal, e.g. an oxide of zinc
C03C 3/083 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
C03C 3/089 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron
C03C 3/091 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium
C03C 15/00 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
C03C 17/34 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
C03C 17/38 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal at least one coating being a coating of an organic material
C03C 19/00 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by mechanical means
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06F 3/041 - Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
23.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING GLASS RIBBON CHARACTERISTICS
An apparatus and method for manufacturing a glass article include a thickness control device configured to flow a fluid toward the glass ribbon, the thickness control device including at least one pivotable fluid discharge conduit configured to flow the fluid therethrough, wherein rotation of the pivotable fluid discharge conduit changes a flow orientation of the fluid relative to the glass ribbon.
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
Goods & Services
Unworked or semi-worked calcium fluoride crystals for general industrial and further manufacturing use; Semi-finished products made of calcium fluoride crystals, namely, optical lens blanks of calcium fluoride, optical lenses of calcium fluoride
25.
GLASS BREAKING APPARATUS, GLASS PROCESSING SYSTEM, AND GLASS PROCESSING METHOD
A glass breaking apparatus (10) includes a belt conveyor assembly (100) configured to transfer glass in a first direction, and a breaking roller assembly (200) configured to break the glass received from the belt conveyor assembly, the breaking roller assembly including a first breaking roller (210) including a breaking pin (215) and configured to rotate around a rotation axis extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and a second breaking roller (220) arranged under the first breaking roller (210), configured to rotate in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the first breaking roller.
Provided is a phase grating liquid crystal (PGLC) device including a transparent substrate; a first electrode on the transparent substrate; a second electrode on the transparent substrate; and a liquid crystal (LC) layer on the first and second electrodes; wherein the first electrode includes a first bus line, and a plurality of first branch electrodes connected to the first bus line, and a plurality of second branch electrodes connected to the second bus line, and wherein the first and second electrodes are at the same level with respect to the transparent substrate.
G02F 1/137 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
27.
SHAPED GLASS LAMINATES AND METHODS FOR FORMING THE SAME
Embodiments of a laminate including a first curved glass substrate comprising a first viscosity (poises) at a temperature of 630° C.; a second curved glass substrate comprising a second viscosity that is greater than the first viscosity at a temperature of 630° C.; and an interlayer disposed between the first curved glass substrate and the second curved glass substrate, are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, the first curved glass substrate exhibits a first sag depth that is within 10% of a second sag depth of the second curved glass substrate. In one or more embodiments, the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate exhibit a shape deviation therebetween of about ±5 mm or less as measured by an optical three-dimensional scanner or exhibit minimal optical distortion. Embodiments of vehicles including such laminates and methods for making such laminates are also disclosed.
C03B 23/025 - Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
C03B 23/03 - Re-forming glass sheets by bending by press-bending between shaping moulds
C03B 23/035 - Re-forming glass sheets by bending using a gas cushion or by changing gas pressure, e.g. by applying vacuum
C03C 3/087 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
28.
LITHIUM RECLAMATION FROM GLASS-BASED MATERIALS BY WATER-DRIVEN EXTRACTION
A process for recovering lithium from lithium-containing glass based materials includes providing lithium-containing particles comprising the lithium-containing glass-based materials; contacting the lithium-containing particles with calcium salts in water, wherein the contacting causes leaching of at least a portion of lithium ions from the lithium-containing particles into a first leachate of the first mixture; separating the first mixture into the first leachate and a first residue; and recovering lithium from the first leachate.
A group of glass compositions in the Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2—B2O3 family that can be chemically strengthened in single or multiple ion exchange baths containing at least one of NaNO3 and KNO3 for a short time (2-4 hours) to develop a deep depth of layer (DOL). In some instances, the DOL is at least 70 μm; in others, at least about 100 μm. The ion exchanged glasses have a high damage resistance (indentation fracture toughness ranging form greater than 10 kgf to greater than 50 kgf) that is better than or at least comparable to that of sodium aluminosilicate glasses.
C03C 3/087 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
C03C 3/085 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
C03C 3/091 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium
C03C 3/093 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
C03C 3/097 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum
C03C 4/18 - Compositions for glass with special properties for ion-sensitive glass
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
H05K 5/00 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
A linear optical CZ-gate includes an A1 optical channel having an A1 input end and an A1 output end, an A2 optical channel having an A2 input end and an A2 output end, wherein a first quantum memory is optically coupled to the A2 optical channel, a B1 optical channel having a B1 input end and a B1 output end, wherein a second quantum memory is optically coupled to the B1 optical channel. The A2 optical channel and the B1 optical channel converge at a common optical channel downstream the first quantum memory and the second quantum memory, a nonlinear sign gate optically coupled to the common optical channel, and a B2 optical channel comprising a B2 input end and a B2 output end.
Solution synthesis of rare-earth-doped nanoparticles, followed by flash sintering of the nanoparticles, can produce rare-earth-doped transparent polycrystalline ceramics with beneficial optical and/or mechanical properties, such as low optical losses, high optical coherence, high refractive-index controllability, and/or high mechanical strength. In one example application, high-quality erbium-doped yttria for quantum memory devices can be fabricated.
32.
Antimicrobial compositions including copper(I) salts and additives
Biocidal compositions including a carrier, a copper(I) salt, and a copper-assisting additive different from the carrier are provided, which in some aspects have improved antimicrobial efficacy and/or total color difference. Also provided are biocidal compositions or UV curable films thereof that exhibit high transmittance that is similar to the transmittance of an otherwise identical composition or film thereof without either the copper(I) salt or the copper-assisting additive. Also provided are biocidal additive formulations in which a copper(I) salt has a molarity of at least 20 mM.
A01N 25/08 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
A01N 25/22 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients stabilising the active ingredients
A glass composition includes from 60 mol % to 76 mol % SiO2; from 7 mol % to 16 mol % Al2O3; from 0 mol % to 12 mol % B2O3; and from 0 mol to 14 mol % Na2O. (R2O+RO)/Al2O3 in the glass composition may be greater than or equal to 1. A glass laminate article includes a core glass layer having a low temperature coefficient of thermal expansion (LTCTEcore) and a high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion (HTCTEcore): a clad glass layer laminated to a surface of the core glass layer, the clad glass layer having a low temperature coefficient of thermal expansion (LTCTEclad) and a high temperature coefficient of thermal expansion (HTCTEclad); and a thickness t.
A method of forming an antimicrobial film, including providing a substrate with a polymer coating disposed thereon, the polymer coating including: an antimicrobial material, an inner surface contacting the substrate, and an outer surface opposite the inner surface; and extracting ions from the antimicrobial material toward the outer surface, such that the outer surface interacts with surface microorganisms. A composition, including a polymer; an antimicrobial material; and at least one of an organic solvent and an additive. The antimicrobial material comprises at least one of copper-containing glass particles, copper oxide particles, copper metal particles, copper salts, copper coordination complexes, cuprite crystals, and a combination thereof. Further, the additive can be selected to increase the oxidation resistance of the antimicrobial material.
A01N 25/08 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
Activated dissolvable supports are provided comprising an ionotropically crosslinked compound comprising a polymer material having at least one repeating unit comprising an ionically crosslinked carboxylic acid group, and an activated hydroxyl group, wherein the hydroxyl group is activated by N,N′-disuccinimidyl carbonate (DSC) or N-hydroxy succinimidyl chloroformate in a solvent to form succinimidyl carbonate groups for ligand binding. Methods of forming activated dissolvable supports, culturing cells on activated dissolvable supports, and harvesting cells from dissolvable supports are provided.
Provided is a scoring apparatus for scoring a glass ribbon moving in a vertical direction, comprising: a first rail which is spaced apart from and faces a first surface of the glass ribbon, and crosses the glass ribbon in a direction inclined with respect to the vertical direction; a scoring wheel reciprocating along the first rail and comprising a first pivot and a tip; a second rail that is spaced apart from a second surface while facing the second surface and extends parallel to the first rail, the second surface being opposite to the first surface of the glass ribbon; a support wheel reciprocating along the second rail and comprising a second pivot and a roll pad; and a supporter located below the second rail and configured to reciprocate in the vertical direction, wherein the tip forms a score line on the first surface of the glass ribbon.
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
21 - HouseHold or kitchen utensils, containers and materials; glassware; porcelain; earthenware
Goods & Services
Flexible and foldable flat panels for display devices, namely smartphones and tablet computers; Flexible and foldable flat panels for display devices, namely vehicle display screens Flexible and foldable unworked or semi-worked glass for use in the manufacture of display devices; Flexible and foldable unworked or semi-worked glass, not for building, for use as a component of electronic display panels, namely smartphones and tablet computers; Flexible and foldable unworked or semi-worked glass, not for building, namely, interior glass for vehicles
16 - Paper, cardboard and goods made from these materials
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Printed matter including instructional and teaching materials. Scientific research services for pharmaceutical purposes; scientific laboratory services; research and development of new products for others; scientific research.
40.
COLLABORATIVE MULTITASK AND TRANSFER LEARNING FOR PREDICTING PROPERTIES WITH SCARCE DATA
A method of forming a model for predicting one or more properties is provided. The method includes determining a plurality of datasets of properties. The method also includes training a common encoder and one or more individual decoders utilizing the plurality of datasets of properties. Each individual decoder of the individual decoder(s) is distinct from each other and is used to model different properties. The method also includes determining a transfer learning dataset for one or more properties, training a new decoder using the transfer learning dataset and the common encoder, generating a predicted property using the common encoder and the new decoder, and preparing an item using the predicted property.
A stretch blow molding method may include fabricating a preform (e.g., by molding, optionally while a core pin rotates within a mold cavity), heating the preform to a softening temperature, stretching and thereby elongating at least a portion of the heated preform, blowing the elongated preform with pressurized fluid within a mold cavity, and cooling the resulting pipette. A system for fabricating a stretch blow molded pipette includes a first mold defining a mold cavity for producing a preform. A stretch rod drive unit is configured to move a stretch rod within an interior of the preform to form an elongated preform, and a second mold defines blow molding cavity and a molding surface to contain expansion of the elongated perform when subjected to blowing by supplying pressurized fluid to an interior thereof.
Methods and systems are provided for scalable preparation of transfection reagent. A method includes providing a plurality of reagent components for mixing together to form the transfection reagent, and mixing the reagent components in a passive mixing module having an outlet for outputting a mixture of the plurality of reagent components. The method further includes providing a plurality of incubation containers fluidly connected to the outlet and configured for receiving and holding the mixture; filling one or more of the plurality of incubation containers with at least a portion the mixture from the outlet, where the filling occurs consecutively; and holding the at least a portion of the mixture in one or more of the plurality of incubation containers for a predetermined incubation time to form the transfection reagent.
C12M 1/00 - Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
C12N 15/87 - Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
A61K 48/00 - Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
A glass-based article having a first surface, a second surface, a thickness (t) extending between the first and second surface, and a first compression stress region at the first surface, a second compression stress region at the second surface, and a tension stress region there between. A compressive stress within at least the first compression stress region increases at a first slope from the first surface to a knee and the compressive stress increases at a second slope from the knee to the tension stress region. The first slope is greater than 80 MPa/µm and less than 420 MPa/μm and has a median value greater than 175 MPa/µm and less than 200 MPa/µm, measured by RNF. The second slope is greater than 0.50 MPa/µm and less than 2.50 MPa/µm and has a median value that is greater than 1.40 MPa/µm and less than 1.55 MPa/µm, measured by RNF.
A cell culture insert for use in culturing cells to promote the formation of spheroids and methods of using these spheroid-promoting cell culture inserts. The cell culture insert includes a porous membrane and one or more sidewalls that are non-adherent to cells and cause the cells in the insert to associate with each other and form spheroids.
11 from about 4.0 microns to about 4.6 microns and a core volume from about 4.5 %Δ-micron2to about 5.5 %Δ-micron22 122 is greater than about 0.4 and less than about 0.6 and a trench volume between about -50 %Δ-micron2s and about -20 %Δ-micron2. The optical fiber has a mode field diameter at 1310 nm from about 8.8 microns to about 9.4 microns, a 2 m cable cutoff from about 1120 nm to about 1260 nm, a bending loss at 1310 nm, as determined by the mandrel wrap test using a 15 mm diameter mandrel, of less than 1.0 dB/turn, and a zero dispersion wavelength between 1300 nm and 1324 nm.
A method of making a multicore optical fiber preform, the method including consolidating a preform assembly to form the multicore optical fiber preform, the preform assembly including a plurality of core canes such that each core cane is disposed within an axial hole of a sleeve, each core cane including a core section of alkali doped silica glass such that the silica glass has a maximum alkali concentration between about 0.10 wt.% and about 10 wt.%, the core section of each core cane being encased by the sleeve along a height of the core cane and by covers disposed at first and second axial ends of the core section, and the covers including silica glass having a chlorine concentration of about 0.05 wt.% or less.
A display system comprises a glass substrate, a frame comprising a curved support surface, an adhesive layer compring an adhesive that is disposed between the curved support surface and the glass substrate, and a display module comprising a back panel. The adhesive layer retains the glass substrate in the shape of the curved support surface. There is a gap between a peripheral edge of the back panel and an inner edge of the frame. A spacer disposed in the gap and extends an entirety of a distance between the peripheral edge and the inner edge to maintain the gap during fabrication of the display system and facilitate the adhesive layer having a uniform thickness. Spacers for containing the adhesive during fabrication, methods of shaping the adhesive layer, frame features for containing flows of the adheisve, ways of shaping the adhesive layer, and fabrication methods are also described.
cc is the characteristic length (cm) of the body and α is the thermal diffusivity (cm2/sec) of the body. The process further including exposing the body to a second thermal treatment by heating the body to a second temperature T2 between about 1050℃ and about 1250℃ wherein, after the second thermal treatment, a peak-to-valley difference of hydroxyl concentration amongst a plurality of segments of the body is about 70 ppm or less.
Systems for finishing ends of glass tubes or glass rods include a conveyor operable to translate and rotate the glass tubes or glass rods and a separating laser system comprising a laser source operable to produce a separating laser beam and a beam delivery system operable to modify a shape, power density, or power density distribution of the separating laser beam and direct the separating laser beam to the glass tubes or glass rods. Methods of cutting and finishing ends of the glass tubes or rods with the systems includes rotating each glass tube or rod about a center axis of the glass tube or rod, heating a target region of the glass tube or rod by exposing the target region to a separating laser beam while rotating the glass tube or rod, and applying a pulling force to the end of the glass tube or rod.
The present disclosure provides low-diameter optical fibers with intermediate effective area at 1550 nm that exhibit low macrobend loss at 1550 nm at bend diameters of 32 mm and 50 mm, low microbend loss at 1550 nm, and low attenuation at 1550 nm. The optical fibers are coated and have an outer coating diameter less than 210 μm. The optical fibers feature a cladding with a trench cladding region having a trench volume less than 20 % μm2.
A method for producing glass articles from glass tubes includes rotating a glass tube about a center axis, heating a target region of the glass tube to a forming temperature, forming at least one feature of the glass article at the target region of the glass tube, and separating the glass article from the working end of the glass tube. Heating the target region of the glass tube, separating the glass article from the working end of the glass tube, or both includes exposing the target region, a separating region, or both of the glass tube to a laser beam produced by a laser system, which heats the glass tube at the target region, the separating region, or both. A system includes the converter and the laser system for heating or separating the glass article from the glass tube.
A method of making a multicore optical fiber preform, the method including consolidating a preform assembly to form the multicore optical fiber preform, the preform assembly including a plurality of core canes such that each core cane is disposed within an axial hole of a sleeve, each core cane including a core section of alkali doped silica glass such that the silica glass has a maximum alkali concentration between about 0.10 wt. % and about 10 wt. %, the core section of each core cane being encased by the sleeve along a height of the core cane and by covers disposed at first and second axial ends of the core section, and the covers including silica glass having a chlorine concentration of about 0.05 wt. % or less.
A fixed-bed bioreactor system (300) is provided that includes a vessel with a media inlet (310), a media outlet (312), and an interior cavity disposed between and in fluid communication with the media inlet and media outlet; a cell culture substrate disposed in the interior cavity between the media inlet and the media outlet in a packed-bed configuration, the cell culture substrate having a plurality of porous disks (308) in a stacked arrangement; and a harvesting volume (2010,2020) to hold a fluid, the harvesting volume being in fluid communication with the interior cavity, wherein each of the plurality of porous disks comprises a surface configured to culture cells thereon. The harvesting volume can be inside or outside of the vessel.
An optical fiber having a silica-based core region with an outer radius r1 from about 4.0 microns to about 4.6 microns and a core volume from about 4.5% Δ-micron2 to about 5.5% Δ-micron2. The optical fiber further includes a depressed-index cladding region and an outer cladding region. The depressed-index cladding region having an inner radius r2 such that r1/r2 is greater than about 0.4 and less than about 0.6 and a trench volume between about −50% Δ-micron2s and about −20% Δ-micron2. The optical fiber has a mode field diameter at 1310 nm from about 8.8 microns to about 9.4 microns, a 2 m cable cutoff from about 1120 nm to about 1260 nm, a bending loss at 1310 nm, as determined by the mandrel wrap test using a 15 mm diameter mandrel, of less than 1.0 dB/turn, and a zero dispersion wavelength between 1300 nm and 1324 nm.
5 (wt. %) is greater than 3. When the precursor glass composition is converted to a glass-ceramic article, the glass-ceramic article may include grains having a longest dimension of less than 100 nm.
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
C03B 32/02 - Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
C03C 3/097 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum
C03C 4/02 - Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
C03C 10/00 - Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
56.
LOW-DIAMETER OPTICAL FIBER WITH LOW BEND LOSS AT LARGE AND SMALL BEND DIAMETER, AND INTERMEDIATE EFFECTIVE AREA
The present disclosure provides low-diameter optical fibers with intermediate effective area at 1550 nm that exhibit low macrobend loss at 1550 nm at bend diameters of 32 mm and 50 mm, low microbend loss at 1550 nm, and low attenuation at 1550 nm. The optical fibers are coated and have an outer coating diameter less than 210 μm. The optical fibers feature a cladding with a trench cladding region having a trench volume less than 20% μm2.
A process of forming a titania-silica glass body, the process including exposing a titania-doped silica soot body to a first thermal treatment by heating the body to a first temperature T1 between about 800° C. and about 1100° C. for a first time duration t1 calculated using the equation:
A process of forming a titania-silica glass body, the process including exposing a titania-doped silica soot body to a first thermal treatment by heating the body to a first temperature T1 between about 800° C. and about 1100° C. for a first time duration t1 calculated using the equation:
t
1
>
L
c
2
4
α
,
A process of forming a titania-silica glass body, the process including exposing a titania-doped silica soot body to a first thermal treatment by heating the body to a first temperature T1 between about 800° C. and about 1100° C. for a first time duration t1 calculated using the equation:
t
1
>
L
c
2
4
α
,
wherein Lc is the characteristic length (cm) of the body and α is the thermal diffusivity (cm2/sec) of the body. The process further including exposing the body to a second thermal treatment by heating the body to a second temperature T2 between about 1050° C. and about 1250° C. wherein, after the second thermal treatment, a peak-to-valley difference of hydroxyl concentration amongst a plurality of segments of the body is about 70 ppm or less.
Apparatuses and methods are described for substrate materials and designs for controlling heat dissipation from semiconductor devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The embodiments may reduce temperature increases of semiconductor devices during operation. In some examples, a substrate structure is manufactured with a plurality of fins positioned along a first side. A plurality of heating sources, such as electronic components that generate heat, may be positioned along a second side of the substrate structure. The plurality of heat sources may be positioned to be laterally offset from the plurality of fins. In some examples, a plurality of LEDs are positioned along the first side of the substrate structure and at least partially laterally in line with the plurality of fins. In some examples, the plurality of LEDs are positioned along the first side of the substrate structure and laterally offset from the plurality of fins.
H01L 25/075 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups , or in a single subclass of , , e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group
A method of manufacturing ceramic tape includes a step of directing a tape of partially-sintered ceramic into a furnace. The tape is partially-sintered such that grains of the ceramic are fused to one another yet the tape still includes at least 10% porosity by volume, where the porosity refers to volume of the tape unoccupied by the ceramic. The method further includes steps of conveying the tape through the furnace and further sintering the tape as the tape is conveyed through the furnace. The porosity of the tape decreases during the further sintering step.
F26B 13/10 - Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
F27B 9/28 - Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
Atomic layer deposition methods for coating an optical substrate with magnesium fluoride. The methods include two primary processes. The first process includes the formation of a magnesium oxide layer over a surface of a substrate. The second process includes converting the magnesium oxide layer to a magnesium fluoride layer. These two primary processes may be repeated a plurality of times to create multiple magnesium fluoride layers that make up a magnesium fluoride film. The magnesium fluoride film may serve as an antireflective coating layer for an optical substrate, such as an optical lens.
C23C 16/30 - Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
C23C 16/455 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition (CVD) processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into the reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in the reaction chamber
G01N 21/95 - Investigating the presence of flaws, defects or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
H01L 21/67 - Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components
An electrical heater body, comprising an outer periphery, a plurality of slots, a plurality of core segments, and a plurality of end regions, is disclosed. Each slot extends from the outer periphery to a terminal end within the electrical heater body. Each core segment is defined between a different pair of adjacent slots. Each end region is between one of the terminal ends of the slots and the outer periphery. Each pair of adjacent core segments is connected by one of the end regions. The electrical heater body is shaped as an array of intersecting walls. A first group of intersecting walls extend in a primary direction parallel to the plurality of slots. A second group of intersecting walls intersect the first group at a plurality of intersection angles. At least a portion of the intersection angles in each of the core segments varies along the primary direction.
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
A manufacturing system includes a tape advancing through the manufacturing system and a station of the manufacturing system. The tape includes a first portion having grains of an inorganic material bound by an organic binder. The station of the manufacturing system receives the first portion of the tape and prepares the tape for sintering by chemically changing the organic binder and/or removing the organic binder from the first portion of the tape, leaving the grains of the inorganic material, to form a second portion of the tape and, at least in part, prepare the tape for sintering.
An apparatus and method for manufacturing glass include a heat extractor configured to extract heat from molten glass. The heat extractor includes a first conduit and at least one second conduit which may include a plurality of second conduits circumferentially surrounding the first conduit. The first conduit and the at least one second conduit are configured to flow a fluid therethrough.
5 (wt. %) is greater than 3. When the precursor glass composition is converted to a glass-ceramic article, the glass-ceramic article may include grains having a longest dimension of less than 100 nm.
C03C 10/00 - Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
C03B 32/02 - Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
C03C 3/097 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum
C03C 4/02 - Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
The principles and embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to complexly curved laminates made from a complexly curved substrate and a flat substrate, such as automotive window glazings, and methods of cold forming complexly-curved glass products from a curved substrate and a flat substrate. In one or more embodiments, the laminate includes first complexly-curved glass substrate with a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, a second complexly-curved glass substrate with a third surface and a fourth surface opposite the third surface with a thickness therebetween; and a polymer interlayer affixed to the second convex surface and third surface, wherein the third surface and fourth surface have compressive stress values respectively that differ such that the fourth surface has as compressive stress value that is greater than the compressive stress value of the third surface.
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
C03B 23/035 - Re-forming glass sheets by bending using a gas cushion or by changing gas pressure, e.g. by applying vacuum
66.
VEHICLE INTERIOR COMPONENT HAVING HIGH SURFACE ENERGY BONDING INTERFACE AND METHODS OF FORMING SAME
Disclosed is a method of forming a vehicle interior component. In the method, a glass article is arranged on a forming surface of a forming surface. The glass article has a first major surface and a second major surface. The first major surface faces the forming surface, and the second major surface is opposite to the first major surface. The second major surface includes a region having a surface free energy of at least 35 mN/m. An adhesive is applied to the region of the second major surface of the glass article. The adhesive is contacted with a frame to attach the frame to the glass article.
A cell culture matrix for a perfusion-flow fixed-bed reactor is provided. The cell culture matrix includes a substrate having a porous sheet for adhering cells thereto. The sheet has a first side, a second side opposite the first side, a thickness separating the first side and the second side, and a plurality of openings formed in the substrate, arrayed in a regular pattern, and passing through the thickness of the substrate. The porous sheet is wound into a cylindrical shape having a plurality of wound layers, and the cell culture matrix does not include a spacer material or physical barrier between the plurality of wound layers of the substrate.
The present disclosure is directed to resistive heater bodies, resistive heater assemblies, and fluid treatment systems comprising said resistive heater assemblies, and finds particular application in reducing cold-start emissions in gasoline- and diesel-powered engines. More specifically, the resistive heater bodies and assemblies of the present disclosure provide conductive bases for electrode attachment that have with improved mechanical and electrical properties, which enable consistent and sustainable electrode coupling even under harsh conditions such as in exhaust aftertreatment systems.
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
The present disclosure is directed to resistive heater bodies having a honeycomb structure and one or more current directing features, systems incorporating such resistive heater bodies. The honeycomb heater bodies and systems of the present disclosure find particular application in reducing cold-start emissions in gasoline- and diesel-powered engines. More specifically, the resistive heater bodies of the present disclosure provide current directing features enabling improved heating performance of downstream catalyst-containing substrates.
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
Methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support techniques for material hand-off using a double-acting kinematic mount are described. A kinematic mount may be mounted between a flange of a robotic manipulator and with a tool for retrieval and placement of an object. The kinematic mount may include a first sub-component and a second sub-component, where a floating structure of the first sub-component may be coupled with a plate of the second sub-component by a preloading force (e.g., via one or more springs, magnets). The kinematic mount may be configured such that the floating structure may be decoupled from the plate of the second sub-component when a force greater than the preloading force is applied to a bottom plate of the first sub-component. The first sub-component may move independently of the second sub-component while decoupled, allowing the tool to align to the object during retrieval and placement.
A glass container for storing pharmaceutical formulations may include a glass body formed from a Type IA or Type IB glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92(2011). The glass body may include a wall portion with an inner surface and an outer surface, a heel portion and a floor portion, wherein the inner surface of the glass container is formed by the inner surface of the glass body. The glass body may include at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719 and Type 1 chemical durability according to USP <660>. The glass container does not comprise a boron-rich layer on the inner surface of the glass body in as formed condition.
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B65D 1/02 - Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
B65D 1/40 - Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations p - Details of walls
C03C 15/02 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching for making a smooth surface
C03C 17/00 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
C03C 17/22 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
C03C 17/30 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with silicon-containing compounds
C03C 17/32 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
C03C 17/34 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
C03C 17/42 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating of an organic material and at least one non-metal coating
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
C09D 179/08 - Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
72.
DISPLAY ARTICLES WITH ANTIGLARE SURFACES AND THIN, DURABLE ANTIREFLECTION COATINGS
A display article is described herein that includes: a substrate comprising a thickness and a primary surface; a textured surface region; and an antireflective coating disposed on the textured surface region. The textured surface region comprises structural features and an average texture height (Rtext) from 50 nm to 300 nm. The substrate exhibits a sparkle of less than 5%, as measured by PPD140, and a transmittance haze of less than 40%, at a 0° incident angle. The antireflective coating comprises alternating high refractive index and low refractive index layers. Each of the low index layers comprises a refractive index of less than or equal to 1.8, and each of the high index layers comprises a refractive index of greater than 1.8. The article also exhibits a first-surface average photopic specular reflectance (% R) of less than 0.3% at any incident angle from about 5° to 20° from normal at visible wavelengths.
C03C 15/00 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
C23C 14/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C23C 14/04 - Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
C23C 16/02 - Pretreatment of the material to be coated
C23C 16/04 - Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
G02B 1/118 - Anti-reflection coatings having sub-optical wavelength surface structures designed to provide an enhanced transmittance, e.g. moth-eye structures
G02B 1/14 - Protective coatings, e.g. hard coatings
A green tape composition includes at least one Li-garnet ceramic powder; at least one excess lithium source; at least one dispersant; at least one binder; and at least one plasticizer, such that a porosity of the green tape composition is <10 vol. %. A method includes dispersing at least one lithium garnet powder and at least one excess lithium source in a predetermined ratio in an organic solvent to form a garnet suspension; adding at least one dispersant, at least one binder, and at least one plasticizer to the garnet suspension; milling the garnet suspension; and de-airing under vacuum, such that a porosity of the green tape composition is <10 vol. %.
Methods of forming Luneburg lenses and Luneburg lenses formed from same are provided. One method includes providing a spherical core formed of a material with a substantially uniform dielectric constant from a center of the spherical core to an outer surface of the spherical core. The method further includes forming a plurality of holes that are substantially uniform in size and symmetrically located about the center of the spherical core. The method further includes forming an at least one outer layer that is substantially spherical by winding a filament formed of a low-loss material around the spherical core.
Devices comprising a structure comprising a bilinear elastic property in compression for mitigating impact forces. In aspects, the device can comprise a frame with the structure comprising a bilinear elastic property in compression. In aspects, the device can comprise a cover glass layer and an electronic display, and the structure comprising a bilinear elastic property in compression is configured to mitigate the effect of impact forces on the cover glass layer, the electronic display, or both.
Glasses that can be chemically strengthened and are colored by transition metals. Most of the glasses are black, with some having high damage resistance and compressive surface layers having high compressive stress and depth of layer after ion exchange. These colored glasses do not require a post-forming heat treatment to produce color and are formable by fusions drawing, rolling, slot drawing, and float glass processes.
C03C 3/097 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum
C03C 3/083 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
C03C 3/085 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
C03C 3/087 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
C03C 3/091 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium
C03C 4/02 - Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
78.
GLASS MANUFACTURING APPARATUS AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING GLASS
Glass manufacturing apparatus comprise a forming body configured to draw a glass forming ribbon and positioned within an enclosure. Glass manufacturing apparatus comprise a first diffuser comprising a first inlet comprising a first inlet cross-sectional area and a first outlet comprising a first outlet cross-sectional area. The first outlet cross-sectional area is greater than the first inlet cross-sectional area. The first outlet is positioned within the enclosure. Methods of manufacturing a glass ribbon comprise flowing a glass-forming ribbon. Methods comprise flowing a first gas through the first inlet of a first diffuser at a first average inlet velocity. Methods comprise flowing the first gas from the first diffuser through a first outlet of the first diffuser at a first average outlet velocity. The first average inlet velocity is greater than the first average outer velocity.
A bioreactor system for culturing cells is provided. The system includes a cell culture vessel with an interior reservoir. an inlet and an outlet fluidly connected to the reservoir. A fluid flow path supplies fluid to the inlet and receives fluid from the outlet. and a media conditioning vessel is fluidly connected to the cell culture vessel. The system also includes an outlet sensor arranged at the outlet of the cell culture vessel. The outlet sensor can detect a property of cell culture media exiting the cell culture vessel via the outlet, and the bioreactor system can adjust a property of the cell culture media based on the property detected by the outlet sensor.
Foldable substrates comprise a first portion, a second portion, and a central portion positioned therebetween. The first portion comprises a substrate thickness and a first depth of compression. The central portion comprises a folding region positioned between a first transition region and a second transition region. A local thickness of the folding region between a first folding surface area and a second folding surface area, excluding any teeth, increases as a distance from a midline of the folding region decreases. In aspects, the folding region comprises a plurality of teeth extending from the first folding surface area. In aspects, the local thickness of the folding region as a function of the position along the folding width of the folding region can be proportional to a cube root of a sine of a fractional position, the fractional position scaled to range from 0 to pi radians across the folding width.
G09F 9/30 - Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
81.
COMPLEXLY CURVED GLASS ARTICLES AND METHODS OF FORMING THE SAME
Complexly-curved glass articles and methods of forming the same are described herein. The glass articles described herein may be reformed via application of vacuum pressure thereto. The glass articles may comprise a first glass layer comprising a first non-developable curved shape defined by a first curved surface and a second curved surface. At least one of the first curved surface and the second curved surface comprises a surface area of 60.000 mm2 or more. A thickness of the glass articles may comprise a uniformity of +/−75 microns per 1000 mm2 of surface area. The non-developable curved shape may comprise a maximum compressive strain shape parameter, as measured between an imaginary central surface disposed between the first curved surface and the second curved surface and an imaginary surface, of greater than or equal to 3.0%.
A method of monitoring biomass during a cell culture of cells in a bioreactor is provided. The method includes culturing the cells in the bioreactor using a cell culture medium perfused through the bioreactor; measuring at least one of a cell nutrient and a cell byproduct in the cell culture medium; determining at least one of a consumption rate of the cell nutrient and an accumulation rate of the cell byproduct; and predicting a cell number within the bioreactor at a specified culture time based on at least one of the consumption rate and the accumulation rate.
83.
ARTICLE AND METHOD FOR TEMPORARY BONDING OF SUBSTRATES
Articles and methods for temporary bonding of substrates are described. The articles include a photo-release layer to enable reversal of the temporary bonding upon exposure of the photo-release layer to light to separate the substrates. The method includes plasma treatment of the photo-release layer to increase the bonding energy. Higher bonding energy allows for processing of the article with greater mechanical force before separation. Plasma treatment also allows for temporary bonding with a thinner photo-release layer and a photo-release layer with low total thickness variation (TTV). Once separated from the article, a processed substrate can be bonded to other substrates.
B32B 43/00 - Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairing; Apparatus therefor
B32B 7/12 - Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
84.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FORMING GLASS LAMINATES COMPRISING PLIES WITH OFFSET EDGES
Methods and apparatuses for fabricating glass laminates where there is a substantial offset between edges of glass plies of the laminates are described herein. The method includes placing an entirety of the periphery of a stack of the glass plies in a vacuum ring comprising a vacuum channel with a depth that circumferentially varies. The vacuum ring includes at least a first portion where the vacuum channel has a first depth and a second portion where the vacuum channel has a second depth that is at least two times greater than the first depth to accommodate edge offsets. Negative pressure can be applied to a space between the plies via the vacuum ring to deair the space. A suitable furnace can be used to bond the plies together and form a laminate having a desired shape.
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B32B 1/00 - Layered products essentially having a general shape other than plane
C03B 23/035 - Re-forming glass sheets by bending using a gas cushion or by changing gas pressure, e.g. by applying vacuum
C03C 27/10 - Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
85.
GLASS WITH UNIQUE FRACTURE BEHAVIOR FOR VEHICLE WINDSHIELD
Disclosed herein are embodiments of a borosilicate glass composition as may be useful for windshield and other applications in particular due to unique fracture behavior.
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
C03C 3/091 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium
C03C 3/097 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum
C03C 4/18 - Compositions for glass with special properties for ion-sensitive glass
Provided is a glass laminate article including a core substrate having a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a side surface between the first surface and the second surface: a first metal sheet on the first surface: and a glass substrate on the first metal sheet, wherein the first metal sheet has, at 60° C., a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) lower than that of aluminum at the same temperature.
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
B32B 5/18 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material
B32B 7/12 - Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
B32B 9/04 - Layered products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/04 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B32B 15/082 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising acrylic resins
B32B 15/14 - Layered products essentially comprising metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
B32B 15/18 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising iron or steel
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
Glazing, such as for vehicles, includes a sheet of glass-ceramic that has different regions with different transmission properties, including a first visually clear region that blocks infrared, a second visually clear region that allows transmission of infrared, and a third colored region.
C03C 10/00 - Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
C03B 23/025 - Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
C03C 3/091 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium
C03C 3/093 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
C03C 23/00 - Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
88.
IMPROVED GLASS FORMING BODY BY POWDER IMPREGNATION
A method is provided for making an impregnated glass forming body. The method includes providing a glass forming body and applying a powder to at least one portion of the glass forming body to form the impregnated glass forming body. The powder includes at least one of zircon, zirconia, zirconium, stabilized zirconia, a zirconium silicon alloy, alumina, nano-alumina, or aluminosilicate powder. The impregnated glass forming body may have increased strength against static fatigue, such as at at pressures ranging from approximately 3,500 pounds per square inch to approximately 8,500 pounds per square inch. The glass forming body may include at least one of zircon, alumina, low-creep zircon (LCZ) material, or zircon based ceramic material.
Methods and systems for etching a glass-based substrate. In aspects, the method can comprise applying an adhesive to a first glass-based substrate and a second glass-based substrate, coupling the first glass-based substrate to the second glass-based substrate to form a laminated structure, etching the exposed sides of the laminated structure with an etchant, and separating the first glass-based substrate and the second glass-based substrate after the etching. Systems for etching a glass-based substrate can comprise a mesh etching fixture that can be used to minimize or eliminate fixture marks on the glass-based substrate during etching.
C03C 27/10 - Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose
C03C 15/00 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
B32B 17/10 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
C09K 13/00 - Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
90.
SERPENTINE HEATERS HAVING FEATURES TO REDUCE HOT SPOTS AT SLOT ENDS
A heater body including an outer periphery. A plurality of slots extend from the outer periphery and terminate within the heater body. A plurality of core segments are defined between pairs of adjacent slots. A plurality of bend regions are arranged around respective terminal ends of the slots. Each pair of adjacent core segments is connected by a corresponding one of the bend regions. An auxiliary conductive feature is located within each of the bend regions. The plurality of slots electrically disconnect each pair of adjacent core segments from each other to create a serpentine current-carrying path that extends across the heater body through the electrically conductive material of the core segments and the bend regions. Each of the auxiliary conductive features locally reduces an electrical resistance of the heater body in the bend regions in comparison to the electrically conductive material alone.
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
A control apparatus for controlling a thickness of a substrate, such as a glass ribbon. The control apparatus comprises a laser assembly and a shielding assembly. The laser assembly generates an elongated laser beam traveling in a propagation direction along an optical path. The shielding assembly comprises at least one shield selectively disposed in the optical path. The shield is configured to decrease an optical intensity of a region of the elongated laser beam. The shielding assembly is configured to change an intensity profile of the elongated laser beam from an initial intensity profile to a targeted intensity profile. A desired targeted intensity profile can be dictated by an arrangement of the shield(s) relative to the optical path, and can be selected to affect a temperature change at portions of the substrate determined to benefit from a reduction in thickness.
G02B 26/02 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
G02B 27/09 - Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectioned area, not otherwise provided for
92.
APPARATUSES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR COLD FORMING GLASS
The disclosure relates to forming methods, systems, apparatuses and resulting displays that represent improvements in various key areas. The disclosed methods, systems and apparatuses can include a backing configured to support the glass substrate. In one embodiment, the backing can comprise a plurality of linkages. The one or more of the plurality of linkages are selectively moveable to interface with and correspond to a radius of curvature of the curved portion of the glass substrate However, other embodiments contemplate segments, mesh or other construction for the backing.
B32B 37/00 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
B32B 37/10 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using direct action of vacuum or fluid pressure
B32B 37/12 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
A glass article including at least about 40 mol % SiO2 and, optionally, a colorant imparting a preselected color is disclosed. In general, the glass includes, in mol %, from about 40-70 SiO2, 0-25 Al2O3, 0-10 B2O3; 5-35 Na2O, 0-2.5 K2O, 0-8.5 MgO, 0-2 ZnO, 0-10% P2O5 and 0-1.5 CaO. As a result of ion exchange, the glass includes a compressive stress (σs) at at least one surface and, optionally, a color. In one method, communicating a colored glass with an ion exchange bath imparts σs while in another; communicating imparts σs and a preselected color. In the former, a colorant is part of the glass batch while in the latter; it is part of the bath. In each, the colorant includes one or more metal containing dopants formulated to impart to a preselected color. Examples of one or more metal containing dopants include one or more transition and/or rare earth metals.
C03C 4/02 - Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
C03C 3/087 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
C03C 3/11 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
94.
GLASS CONTAINERS WITH IMPROVED STRENGTH AND IMPROVED DAMAGE TOLERANCE
A coated glass package comprising a glass body having a Type 1 chemical durability according to USP 660, at least a class A2 base resistance or better according to ISO 695, and at least a type HGB2 hydrolytic resistance or better according to ISO 719. A lubricous coating having a thickness of ≤100 microns may be positioned on at least a portion of the exterior surface of the glass body. The portion of the coated glass package with the lubricous coating comprises a coefficient of friction that is at least 20% less than an uncoated glass package and the coefficient of friction does not increase by more than 30% after undergoing a depyrogenation cycle. A horizontal compression strength of the coated glass package is at least 10% greater than an uncoated glass package and the horizontal compression strength is not reduced by more than 20% after undergoing the depyrogenation cycle.
B32B 17/06 - Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or fibres of glass, slag or the like comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
B65D 1/02 - Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
B65D 1/40 - Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations p - Details of walls
C03C 15/02 - Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching for making a smooth surface
C03C 17/00 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
C03C 17/22 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
C03C 17/30 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with silicon-containing compounds
C03C 17/32 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with organic material with synthetic or natural resins
C03C 17/34 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
C03C 17/42 - Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating of an organic material and at least one non-metal coating
C03C 21/00 - Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface
C09D 179/08 - Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
95.
ARTICLES WITH SCATTERING REGIONS TO PREFERENTIALLY SCATTER LIGHT IN ONE OR MORE DIRECTIONS
Described herein are articles with scattering regions comprising a plurality of microstructures that are elongated in a first direction so as to preferentially scatter light in one or more directions. Each of the plurality of microstructures comprises a feature size measured in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction. The feature size varies as function of position within the microstructure to achieve favorable transmission haze performance while also suppressing scattering of light at relatively high scattering angles relative to specular to improve display washout from external light sources. A two-dimensional power spectral density of the first major surface comprises a peak region that is entirely disposed on one side of an axis associated with scattering directions that are parallel with the first direction.
Methods of manufacturing glass include determining a first location of a first region from a sample of a glass ribbon. The first region includes a first stress outside of a predetermined stress range. Methods include determining a second location of a second region from the glass ribbon based on the first location from the sample. The second region includes a second stress outside the predetermined stress range. Methods include heating the second region by irradiating the second region with a laser beam while the glass ribbon travels along a ribbon travel path such that the second region is heated from a first temperature, which is greater than or equal to a transition temperature of the glass ribbon, to a second temperature. Methods include cooling the second region from the second temperature such that the second region comprises a third stress within the predetermined stress range.
C03C 3/087 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
C03C 3/091 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium
C03C 3/093 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing boron containing aluminium containing zinc or zirconium
C03C 3/095 - Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica by weight containing rare earths
C03C 23/00 - Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
H05K 5/00 - Casings, cabinets or drawers for electric apparatus
C03C 4/02 - Compositions for glass with special properties for coloured glass
98.
GLASS ARTICLES, NATIVELY COLORED GLASS HOUSINGS, AND METHODS OF MAKING THE SAME
Methods of making a housing for a consumer electronic device includes melting precursor materials together to form a glass article comprising a silicate glass with a multi-valent colorant having a reduced form and an oxidized form. The multi-valent colorant is a metal selected from a group consisting of cerium, titanium, cobalt, copper, nickel, vanadium, chromium, and combinations thereof. A precursor molar ratio can be different than a molar ratio of the glass article. A natively colored glass housing includes a glass article including a thickness from 200 µm to 5 mm. The molar ratio of the glass article can be from 0.3 to 0.9. A total transmittance of at least one 10 nm band within a wavelength range of 380 nm to 750 nm through the thickness can be from 3% to 80%.
An electrical heater assembly, fluid treatment assembly, and method of manufacturing same are disclosed. The electrical heater assembly includes a heater body including a resistive portion and a plurality of slits in the resistive portion. The slits electrically disconnect sections of the resistive portion from each other to define a serpentine current-carrying path through the resistive portion. An electrode attachment portion us connected at an end of the serpentine current-carrying path. An electrode is included that includes a first end that is electrically connected to the heater body at the electrode attachment portion. The first end extends in a transverse direction from the heater body.
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
H05B 3/06 - Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or with holders
100.
ELECTRICAL HEATERS HAVING SERPENTINE DESIGNS AND SELECTED DEAD ZONES FOR EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT SYSTEMS AND ASSEMBLIES
An electrical heater, an exhaust treatment assembly, and method of manufacture. The heater includes a resistive portion configured to generate heat when electrical current is passed therethrough. A plurality of slots extend into the resistive portion from an outer periphery of the resistive portion and define a serpentine current-carrying path extending through the resistive portion between a pair of electrode attachment portions. Each of the electrode attachment portions is connected to a respective end segment that is bounded between an outer periphery of the resistive portion and a respective first slot of the plurality of slots. At least one auxiliary slot in each of the end segments that extends from the outer periphery toward the first slot in a direction transverse to the first slot to bias current flow through a concentrated region adjacent to and extending along the first slot in each end segment.
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
