The present invention relates to a process for the hydroconversion of a plastic feedstock comprising: (a1) a step of non-catalytic hydroconversion of said feedstock in the presence of hydrogen, in contact with a source of radicals, said source comprising sulfur and being introduced in such a way that the sulfur content is between 3% and 20% by weight of the feedstock, to produce first conversion products; (a2) a step of catalytic hydroconversion of the first conversion products in the presence of hydrogen, in contact with at least one hydroconversion catalyst, said hydroconversion catalyst comprising at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element selected from the group formed by the non-noble elements of Group VIB and Group VIII of the periodic table, taken alone or as a mixture, and a porous support comprising a porous mineral matrix and at least one zeolite, said steps (a1) and (a2) being carried out at an absolute pressure of between 1 MPa and 38 MPa, at a temperature of greater than or equal to 200°C and less than 400°C, at an hourly space velocity relative to each hydroconversion reactor of between 0.05 h‐1 and 10 h‐1, and with an amount of hydrogen of between 50 Nm3/m3and 5000 Nm3/m3.
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 49/18 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or in the presence of hydrogen-generating compounds, e.g. ammonia, water, hydrogen sulfide
C08J 11/16 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with inorganic material
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10G 47/22 - Non-catalytic cracking in the presence of hydrogen
C10G 47/24 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles
The present invention relates to a solid material mainly composed of BHET having a crystal form with a particular X-ray diffraction diagram, a method for the preparation thereof, a composition comprising said material, and the use of said composition for preparing a polyester.
The present invention relates to a catalytic composition for the selective oligomerization of ethylene, in particular for the trimerization and/or tetramerization of ethylene respectively into 1-hexene and/or 1-octene, which catalytic composition comprises: - at least one chromium- or titanium-based metal precursor; - at least one support in the form of solid methylaluminoxane (MAO); - at least one additive in the form of an aluminium-based compound. The invention further relates to an oligomerization method, preferably for the selective trimerization and/or tetramerization of ethylene respectively into 1-hexene and/or 1-octene, which method uses the catalytic composition according to the invention.
B01J 31/02 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
B01J 31/14 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
The invention relates to an aromatic compound conversion unit (5), comprising: - a section (1) for the pre-fractionation of at least one stream comprising A9+ compounds into at least two effluents: a first effluent (3) enriched in aromatic compounds only substituted by methyls, and a second effluent (4) depleted in aromatic compounds only substituted by methyls; - a section (11) for the isomerisation of the A9+ of the second effluent, producing an isomerization effluent (7) enriched in aromatic compounds substituted in at least two methyl groups; - a section (8) for the post-fractionation of the isomerisation effluent originating from the A9+ isomerization section into at least two effluents: an effluent (10) enriched in aromatic 9-carbon-containing compounds and an effluent (9) depleted in aromatic 9-carbon-containing compounds; - means for recycling the effluent enriched in aromatic 9-carbon-containing compounds to the pre-fractionation section (1).
C07C 5/27 - Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
C07C 6/12 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring
C07C 7/04 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by distillation
The present invention relates to a method for the hydroconversion of a plastic feedstock, the method comprising: (a1) a step of non-catalytic hydroconversion of the feedstock in the presence of hydrogen, in contact with a source of radicals, the source comprising sulfur and being added in such a way that the sulfur content is between 3% and 20% by weight of the feedstock, to produce first conversion products; (a2) a step of catalytic hydroconversion of the first conversion products in the presence of hydrogen, in contact with at least one hydroconversion catalyst, the hydroconversion catalyst comprising at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element selected from the group formed by the non-noble group VIB and group VIII elements of the periodic table, taken alone or as a mixture, with the exception of iron, and a non-zeolitic porous support comprising at least one amorphous silica-alumina, steps (a1) and (a2) being implemented at an absolute pressure of between 1 MPa and 38 MPa, at a temperature of between 200°C and 550°C, at an hourly space velocity relative to the volume of each hydroconversion reactor of between 0.05 h-1 and 10 h-1, and with an amount of hydrogen of between 50 Nm3/m3and 5000 Nm3/m3.
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 49/18 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or in the presence of hydrogen-generating compounds, e.g. ammonia, water, hydrogen sulfide
C10G 47/22 - Non-catalytic cracking in the presence of hydrogen
C10G 47/24 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10G 47/02 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
6.
MIXING CHAMBER FOR A GAS-SOLID CO-CURRENT DOWNFLOW FLUIDISED-BED REACTOR
The invention relates to a device and a process for gas-solid co-current downflow fluidised-bed catalytic cracking comprising/using: a pipeline (1) suitable for carrying a downflow (4) of catalyst particles; a mixing chamber (2) connected to and fed by the pipeline with catalyst particles and comprising an inner wall, at least one first injector (5) of hydrocarbon feed (6) and a central bulk part (12) defining an annular zone (13) through which the catalyst particles pass through the mixing chamber; and a gas-solid co-current downflow fluidised bed reactor (3) fed by the mixing chamber with a mixture comprising catalyst particles and hydrocarbon feed, wherein the central bulk part comprises at least one internal element (11) arranged under the at least one first injector and being suitable for distributing the mixture towards the wall of the mixing chamber.
B01J 4/00 - Feed devices; Feed or outlet control devices
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
B01J 8/34 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with stationary packing material in the fluidised bed, e.g. bricks, wire rings, baffles
7.
METHOD FOR PREDICTING A LOG DURING DRILLING OF A WELL
The invention relates to a method for predicting a log beyond the depth of the drill bit of a well. Based on at least one log training curve acquired in a training well of depth larger than that of the drill bit, which curve is fitted to a curve of the log acquired in the well, a model for predicting the log in the well is constructed by means of a supervised machine-learning method. For each training curve, a compound training curve formed by the segment of the training curve fitted to the curve of the well up to the drill bit, and by the segment of the training curve fitted to the other training curves beyond the drill bit, is constructed. The values of the well log are predicted beyond the drill bit depth by applying the model to the compound training curves.
The present invention relates to a method for converting lignocellulosic biomass by bringing, in the aqueous phase, pretreated lignocellulosic biomass into contact with at least one biocatalyst (3) in a first reactor (1) containing a reaction medium comprising the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass (2) in the aqueous phase and the biocatalyst, the method comprising: - (a) a first step of liquefaction by adding the pretreated lignocellulosic biomass and at least one biocatalyst to the reactor without removing any or all of the reaction medium from the reactor; - followed by (b) a second step of continuous liquefaction with the continuous removal of some of the reaction medium from the first reactor, the addition of at least one biocatalyst, and the continuous addition of pretreated lignocellulosic biomass.
The invention relates to a simulated moving bed, SMB, separation column/method comprising/using a shell (1) which comprises a plurality of adsorbent beds separated by a plurality of trays, each tray comprising a plurality of panels (6), referred to as self-supporting panels, each panel (6) comprising a multi-sided metal frame (7), wherein the metal frame (7) is supported on a first side (13) by the shell and is supported on a second side (14) by: a main beam (3) arranged diametrically in the shell (1); and/or the shell (1) or a central tower (5) arranged in the shell (1), wherein the metal frame (7) comprises at least one third side (15) connecting the first side (13) to the second side (14), and wherein the at least one third side (15) has a height (H) and a thickness that are suitable for ensuring the mechanical strength of the panel.
B01D 15/18 - Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by constructional or operational features relating to flow patterns
C07C 7/12 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01F 25/721 - Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with nozzles for spraying a fluid on falling particles or on a liquid curtain
11.
GAS-SOLID CO-CURRENT DOWNFLOW FLUIDISED BED REACTOR WITH HOMOGENEOUS FLOW
The invention relates to a device and a process for gas-solid co-current downflow fluidised bed catalytic cracking comprising/using: a pipeline (1) suitable for carrying a downflow (4) of catalyst particles; a mixing chamber (2) connected to the pipeline (1) and suitable for being fed by the pipeline with a downflow, the mixing chamber comprising an inner wall and at least one first injector (5) of hydrocarbon feed (6); a gas-solid co-current downflow fluidised bed reactor (3) connected to the mixing chamber and suitable for being fed by the mixing chamber with a mixture comprising catalyst particles and hydrocarbon feed, the downflow gas-solid co-current fluidised bed reactor comprising an inner wall, wherein the inner wall of the mixing chamber and/or of the downflow gas-solid co-current fluidised bed reactor comprises one or more obstacles (9).
B01J 8/00 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
12.
METHOD OF MONITORING THE INTERIOR OF A SUBSEA PIPELINE
The invention relates to a method of monitoring the interior of a pipeline (1) positioned in contact with a soil (S) below a water mass (E), comprising implementation of the following steps by data processing means (11):
(a) for at least one position along said pipeline (1), obtaining acoustic data descriptive of at least one cross-section of said pipeline (1) at said position, acquired by a mobile acoustic acquisition device (20) in said water mass (E),
(b) estimating by quantitative migration from said acoustic data an estimated relative impedance perturbation profile in at least said cross-section of said pipeline (1).
The invention relates to a method for treating a lignocellulosic biomass, the method comprising: - a) a step of impregnating the biomass with a liquor to obtain an impregnated biomass; - b) a step of cooking the impregnated biomass, optionally accompanied by a steam explosion, to obtain a pretreated biomass; - c) a step of enzyme hydrolysis of the pretreated biomass, to obtain a hydrolyzed biomass in the form of one or more sugars; - d) a step of solid/liquid separation of the hydrolyzed biomass in the form of one or more sugars or of the hydrolyzed biomass in the form of one or more sugars which is then treated in one or more other steps subsequent to enzyme hydrolysis step c), so as to obtain a separated juice and an unconverted solid residue; - e) a step of recirculating at least some of the unconverted solid residue back to impregnation step a) and/or to cooking step b).
The invention relates to a method of characterizing and of quantifying carbon from a superficial deposit, wherein a sample of the deposit is subjected to heating in an inert atmosphere, the sample residue is subjected to heating in an oxidizing atmosphere, and quantities of HC, CO and CO2 released during heating, from which standard parameters TOC and MinC, and a ratio between mineral carbon and total carbon of the sample are determined, are measured. If the ratio is non-zero, the organic carbon content is equal to the sum of TOC and of a percentage of TOC ranging between 4 and 12%, and the mineral carbon content is equal to MinC minus this percentage of TOC. If the ratio is zero, the mineral carbon content is zero and the organic carbon content is equal to the sum of TOC and MinC.
G01N 31/12 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroups; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
15.
METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING A WIND FARM WITH ALIGNMENT CONSTRAINTS
The invention relates to a method for constructing a wind farm in a predetermined space, in which at least the following successive steps are carried out: a) forming different grids (GR) in the predetermined space; b) for each grid, determining the average annual energy production of a mini-farm (AEP-mf) composed of wind turbines on the points of intersection of a mesh; c) selecting (Ch) a few grids that make it possible to maximize the energy production; d) for each grid c in step c), determining (Alg1) a first arrangement of the predefined number of wind turbines on the grid; e) modifying (Alg2) the position of the wind turbines on the grid; f) determining a definitive arrangement (Disp_F) of the wind turbines in the predetermined space, and constructing (Const) the wind farm.
The present invention relates to a crosslinkable electrolyte formulation comprising at least: - a hydrocarbon molecule comprising three to six, preferably four, thiol functions; - a bifunctional chain extender in the form of a hydrocarbon chain having two C=C double bonds ; - a monofunctional single-ion chain terminator comprising a C=C double bond and mobile lithium; - a monofunctional polyethylene-glycol-type chain terminator; - a nucleophilic-base-type catalyst, in which the molar ratio [C=C double bonds]/[thiols] is 1. The invention also relates to the preparation and use of a crosslinked solid electrolyte.
The present invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst comprising at least one compound of a phosphate salt, of the M1HxPOy type, x being a fractional number between [0-2] and y being a fractional number between [3-4], with M selected from the group formed by the metals of group I and group II of the periodic table, taken alone or as a mixture, and a substrate comprising porous silicon carbide SiC, said method comprising at least a step of adding said phosphate salt to the substrate comprising the silicon carbide.
B01J 27/18 - Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen with metals
B01J 27/228 - Silicon carbide with phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or bismuth
C07C 51/377 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
18.
METHOD AND REMOVABLE ELECTRIC PROPULSION SYSTEM FOR A WHEELED OBJECT WITH A MEASURING MEANS AND A CONTROL MEANS
The present invention relates to controlling a removable electric propulsion system for a rolling object. In this method, a signal representative of the torque at a wheel driven by an electric machine of the electric propulsion system is measured (MES). This measurement is compared (COMP), over different time increments, with two thresholds, and the electric machine is controlled according to this comparison. The invention also relates to a propulsion system suited for this method and to a coupled assembly comprising the propulsion system and a rolling object.
A process for controlling catalyst temperature in a fluidized catalytic cracking ("FCC") system includes regenerating a spent catalyst feed in a regenerator at a first temperature to produce a regenerated catalyst feed, withdrawing at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst feed to a reactor, and cooling the portion of the regenerated catalyst between an outlet of the regenerator and an inlet of the reactor. A fluidized catalytic cracking ("FCC") system includes a catalyst regenerator configured and adapted to regenerate a spent catalyst feed at a first temperature to produce a regenerated catalyst, a reactor downstream from an outlet of the catalyst regenerator, a catalyst cooler between the outlet of the catalyst regenerator and an inlet of the reactor. The catalyst cooler is configured and adapted to cool at least a portion of a regenerated catalyst from the catalyst regenerator. In embodiments, the FCC system is a downer FCC system including at least one downer reactor and a spent catalyst riser regenerator.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 51/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only plural parallel stages only
B01J 38/30 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas in gaseous suspension, e.g. fluidised bed
B01J 38/32 - Indirectly heating or cooling material within regeneration zone or prior to entry into regeneration zone
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
20.
SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN FLUIDIZED CATALYTIC CRACKING
A fluidized catalytic cracking ("FCC") system includes a catalyst regenerator configured and adapted to regenerate a spent catalyst feed to produce a regenerated catalyst. The system includes a reactor downstream from an outlet of the catalyst regenerator to receive regenerated catalyst therefrom. The system includes a spent catalyst riser between an outlet of the reactor and an inlet of the regenerator. The spent catalyst riser includes a torch oil injection nozzle configured and adapted to provide heat to the catalyst regenerator. A process for controlling catalyst temperature in an FCC system includes regenerating a spent catalyst feed in a catalyst regenerator to produce a regenerated catalyst feed, withdrawing at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst feed to a to a reactor, receiving a spent catalyst from the reactor in a spent catalyst riser, and heating the spent catalyst in the spent catalyst riser with a torch oil injection nozzle. In embodiments, the reactor is a downer.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 51/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only plural parallel stages only
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
21.
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF OLEFINS, INVOLVING DE-ASPHALTING, HYDROCONVERSION, HYDROCRACKING AND STEAM CRACKING
The present invention relates to a process for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feedstock 11 having a sulfur content of at least 0.1 weight %, an initial boiling point of at least 180° C. and a final boiling point of at least 600° C.
C10G 67/16 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural parallel stages only
C10G 67/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 67/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
22.
METHOD FOR DEHYDRATING A FEEDSTOCK COMPRISING AN ALCOHOL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ALKENES
2n2n+12n+1 where n is an integer between 3 and 20, the method comprising an isomerization dehydration step carried out in the gas phase, at a weighted mean temperature of between 200 and 300°C, at a pressure of between 0.1 and 1 MPa, at a weight hourly space velocity (PPH) of between 1 and 25 h-1, in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one zeolite, wherein the zeolite has at least one series of channels, the pore opening of which is defined by a ring of eight oxygen atoms (8MR) and has a mesopore volume of 0.10 ml/g or greater.
C07C 1/24 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms by elimination of water
The present invention relates to a process for treating a plastics pyrolysis oil, comprising:
a) hydrogenation of said feedstock in the presence of at least hydrogen and of at least one hydrogenation catalyst at an average temperature of between 140 and 340° C., the outlet temperature of step a) being at least 15° C. higher than the inlet temperature of step a), to obtain a hydrogenated effluent;
b) hydrotreatment of said hydrogenated effluent in the presence of at least hydrogen and of at least one hydrotreatment catalyst, to obtain a hydrotreated effluent, the average temperature of step b) being higher than the average temperature of step a);
c) separation of the hydrotreated effluent in the presence of an aqueous stream, at a temperature of between 50 and 370° C., to obtain at least one gaseous effluent, an aqueous liquid effluent and a hydrocarbon-based liquid effluent.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 67/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
24.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING ALCOHOLS USING A SUPPORT ON WHICH MICROORGANISMS ARE IMMOBILISED
The present invention relates to a process for producing alcohols, according to which a sugary fluid (2) is introduced into a reaction section (1) comprising a support (4) on which microorganisms are immobilized, in order to produce, by fermentation, an alcohol-enriched must (3) under the action of said microorganisms, characterized in that the process is carried out continuously, and such that a portion of spent support (41) is periodically replaced by a portion of new and/or regenerated support (46).
The present invention relates to a process for trapping silicon compounds in a gaseous or liquid feedstock, comprising bringing the feedstock into contact with a trapping mass with a liquid hourly space velocity LHSV of less than 5 h−1 or a gas hourly space velocity GHSV of less than 500 h−1.
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
B01D 53/82 - Solid phase processes with stationary reactants
B01D 53/46 - Removing components of defined structure
B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
The present invention relates to a mass for trapping silicon compounds, comprising a porous alumina-based support and at least one metal chosen from the metals from groups VIB and VIIIB, and exhibiting a grain density of at least 1.20 g/ml, a specific surface of at least 300 m2/g and pores with a mean size of less than 6.5 nm, as determined by mercury porosimetry. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said trapping mass and to a trapping process using said trapping mass.
B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
C10G 25/05 - Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulfur compounds
27.
METHOD FOR OLIGOMERIZATION IN A REACTOR COMPRISING A GAS/LIQUID DOUBLE DISTRIBUTOR
The present invention relates to a gas/liquid reactor for the oligomerization of gaseous ethylene, comprising a gaseous ethylene injection device and a liquid injection device, said injection devices advantageously being arranged so that the injection of the liquid can bring about a reduction, by shear, of the size of the ethylene bubbles, during the injection of the gaseous ethylene. The gas/liquid reactor according to the present invention may be used for any gaseous olefinic feedstock injected into a liquid phase.
B01J 10/00 - Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
B01J 4/00 - Feed devices; Feed or outlet control devices
B01J 19/26 - Nozzle-type reactors, i.e. the distribution of the initial reactants within the reactor is effected by their introduction or injection through nozzles
28.
SYSTEM FOR HEAT EXCHANGE BETWEEN A BUILDING AND THE EARTH'S SUB-SOIL COMPRISING THE CIRCULATION OF PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS IN A CLOSED CIRCUIT
The present invention relates to a system of heat exchange between a building (1) and the Earth's subsurface (5), comprising a closed loop with at least one pipe (9) installed in said subsurface (5) for heat exchange with subsurface (5), and connected by connecting pipes (4, 7) to at least one pipe (6) installed in said building (1) for heat exchange with building (1), the closed loop comprising a circulation pump (P) for circulating a fluid through said closed loop, and the fluid comprising capsules containing phase change materials.
The present invention relates to a system of heat exchange between a building (1) and the Earth's subsurface (5), comprising a closed loop with at least one pipe (9) installed in said subsurface (5) for heat exchange with subsurface (5), and connected by connecting pipes (4, 7) to at least one pipe (6) installed in said building (1) for heat exchange with building (1), the closed loop comprising a circulation pump (P) for circulating a fluid through said closed loop, and the fluid comprising capsules containing phase change materials.
The invention also relates to a method for cooling or heating a building (1) from the heat exchange system between a building (1) and the Earth's subsurface (5).
The present invention relates to a system of heat exchange between a building (1) and the Earth's subsurface (5), comprising a closed loop with at least one pipe (9) installed in said subsurface (5) for heat exchange with subsurface (5), and connected by connecting pipes (4, 7) to at least one pipe (6) installed in said building (1) for heat exchange with building (1), the closed loop comprising a circulation pump (P) for circulating a fluid through said closed loop, and the fluid comprising capsules containing phase change materials.
The invention also relates to a method for cooling or heating a building (1) from the heat exchange system between a building (1) and the Earth's subsurface (5).
FIG. 1 to be published.
F24T 10/10 - Geothermal collectors with circulation of working fluids through underground channels, the working fluids not coming into direct contact with the ground
29.
METHOD FOR TREATING WASTE PLASTICS BY POLYMER DISSOLUTION AND ADSORPTION PURIFICATION
The present invention relates to a process for treating a plastic feedstock, comprising:
a) a dissolution step involving placing the feedstock in contact with a dissolution solvent, at a dissolution temperature of between 100° C. and 300° C. and a dissolution pressure of between 1 and 20.0 MPa abs, the dissolution solvent having a boiling point of between −50° C. and 250° C., to obtain a crude polymer solution;
b) a step of adsorption by placing the crude polymer solution in contact with an adsorbent, at a temperature of between 100 and 300° C. and a pressure of between 1.0 and 20.0 MPa abs, to obtain a refined polymer solution; and then
c) a step of recovering the polymers, to obtain at least one solvent fraction and one purified polymer fraction.
The invention relates to a process for rejuvenating an at least partially spent hydrotreating and/or hydrocracking catalyst, said catalyst comprising a group VIII metal, a group VIB metal and an oxide support, said process comprising the following steps:
a) the catalyst is regenerated,
b) said regenerated catalyst is then brought into contact with an impregnation solution consisting of a mixture of water, at least one precursor of a group VIB metal, at least one precursor of a group VIII metal and at least one organic compound, the amount of organic compound introduced into the regenerated catalyst being optimized with respect to the metals already present in the regenerated catalyst and with respect to the amount of metals introduced via the impregnation solution,
c) a drying step is then carried out without subsequently calcining it.
A method for selective hydrogenation of a C2 steam cracking fraction comprising acetylene, in the presence of a catalyst comprising an active phase based on at least one group VIII metal and a support provided in the form of a ceramic or metal monolith, characterized in that said support comprises a number of channels per unit length, CPSI, of between 300 and 1200, and in that the active phase is provided in the form of a layer on the walls of said support, the thickness of said layer of active phase being between 30 μm and 150 μm.
C07C 5/09 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds to carbon-to-carbon double bonds
The present invention relates to a process for treating a plastic feedstock comprising polymers, comprising:
a) a dissolution step involving placing the plastic feedstock in contact with a dissolution solvent, at a dissolution temperature of between 100° C. and 300° C. and a dissolution pressure of between 1 and 20.0 MPa abs, to dissolve at least a portion of the polymers of the plastic feedstock and to obtain a crude polymer solution;
b) a step of washing by placing the crude polymer solution in contact with a dense solution, at a temperature of between 100° C. and 300° C., a pressure of between 1 and 20.0 MPa abs and at a mass ratio between the dense solution and the crude polymer solution of between 0.05 and 20.0, to obtain a washed polymer solution and a washing effluent; and then
c) a step of recovering the polymers, to obtain a solvent fraction and a purified polymer fraction. FIG. 1 to be published
The invention relates to a process for the hydrotreatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock, of which at least 50% by weight of the compounds have an initial boiling point of greater than 300°C and a final boiling point of lower than 650°C, so as to obtain a hydrotreated effluent. Said process comprises the following steps: a) said hydrocarbon feedstock is brought into contact, in the presence of hydrogen, with at least one first catalyst comprising an alumina support and an active phase consisting of nickel and molybdenum; b) the effluent obtained in step a) is brought into contact, in the presence of hydrogen, with at least one second catalyst comprising a silica-alumina support and an active phase consisting of nickel and tungsten, phosphorus and an organic compound.
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/50 - Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metal, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/54 - Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
C10G 65/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
34.
PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CATALYST COMPRISING A GROUP VIII METAL AND A SUPPORT IN THE FORM OF A MONOLITH OR A FOAM COATED WITH ALPHA ALUMINA
Process for preparing a selective hydrogenation catalyst comprising an active phase based on at least one group VIII metal, deposited on an alpha alumina, and a support in the form of a ceramic or metal foam or monolith, which process comprises at least the following steps: - supplying a gamma alumina powder comprising a specific surface area of between 100 and 500 m²/g; - bringing into contact, by coating, the gamma alumina powder and a support in the form of a ceramic or metal foam or monolith; - calcining at a temperature of between 900°C and 1300°C; - bringing the calcined catalyst precursor into contact with a solution comprising a precursor of the active phase comprising a group VIII metal; - drying and then calcining the material.
C10G 45/40 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
35.
IMPROVED METHOD FOR CONVERTING A FEEDSTOCK CONTAINING A BIOMASS FRACTION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS BY MEANS OF FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS
COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES (France)
Inventor
Heraud, Jean-Philippe
Kalaydjian, François
Pires Da Cruz, Antonio
Hequet, Michael
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for converting a feedstock comprising at least one biomass fraction into hydrocarbons, the method comprising a step a) of pretreating the feedstock; a water electrolysis step b) for obtaining a stream of hydrogen and a stream of oxygen, wherein the water is at least partially produced by means of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis carried out in step e); a step c) of gasifying the feedstock pretreated in step a) in the presence of all or some of the stream of oxygen from the water electrolysis step b) so as to obtain a gaseous effluent comprising a synthesis gas; an optional step d) of conditioning the gaseous effluent comprising a synthesis gas from step c); and a step e) of synthesising, by means of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, the gaseous effluent from step c) or, optionally, from step d) in the presence of all or some of the hydrogen from the water electrolysis step b) so as to produce a stream comprising synthesis liquid hydrocarbons and at least one gaseous effluent.
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C10K 1/34 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by catalytic conversion of impurities to more readily removable materials
C10K 1/10 - Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
C10G 45/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
C25B 1/04 - Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE POUR L'AGRICULTURE L'ALIMENTATION ET L'ENVIRONNEMENT (France)
IFP Energies Nouvelles (France)
Inventor
Aymard, Caroline
Louesdon-Jeunet, Severine
Rousset, Romain
Hudebine, Damien
Abstract
The subject of the invention is a process for treating lignocellulosic biomass comprising the following steps:
a) conditioning the lignocellulosic biomass,
b) washing said particles,
c) separating the aqueous solution from the washed biomass particles,
d) impregnating said lignocellulosic substrate with an acid liquor,
e) carrying out a solid/liquid separation of the impregnated lignocellulosic substrate,
f) pretreating said substrate from step e) by cooking,
g) carrying out an enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated lignocellulosic substrate,
h) carrying out a fermentation of the hydrolyzate from step g),
and introducing the used aqueous washing solution into a step of said biomass treatment process which is after the pretreatment step f), and/or into an enzyme production step and/or into a step of producing/propagating the microorganisms necessary for steps g) or h).
The invention relates to a method for rejuvenating a catalyst comprising a group VIII metal, a group VIB metal and an oxide support not containing zeolite, comprising the following steps of: a) regenerating the catalyst at a temperature of greater than 360°C and less than 420°C so as to obtain a regenerated catalyst having a certain carbon and sulfur content and a proportion of crystalline phase determined by X-ray diffraction and characterised by a ratio of less than 0.6, b) placing the regenerated catalyst in contact with an aqueous solution consisting of water, phosphoric acid and an organic acid, each having an acidity constant pKa greater than 1.5, c) drying at a temperature of less than 200°C.
B01J 38/12 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
38.
METHOD FOR REJUVENATING A CATALYST FROM A HYDROPROCESSING AND/OR HYDROCRACKING PROCESS
The invention relates to a method for rejuvenating a catalyst comprising a group VIII metal, a group VI B metal and an oxide support not containing zeolite, comprising the following steps of: a) regenerating the catalyst at a temperature of greater than 360°C and less than 420°C so as to obtain a regenerated catalyst having a certain carbon and sulphur content and a proportion of crystalline phase determined by X-ray diffraction and characterised by a ratio of less than 0.6, b) then placing the regenerated catalyst in contact with at least one acidic or basic, organic or inorganic compound, c) drying at a temperature of less than 200°C.
B01J 38/12 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
39.
REGENERATION METHOD COMPRISING A REGENERATION STEP, A REJUVENATION STEP AND A CALCINATION STEP OF A ZEOLITE-BASED HYDROCRACKING CATALYST, AND USE THEREOF IN A HYDROCRACKING PROCESS
The present invention relates to a method for regenerating an at least partially spent catalyst from a hydrocracking process, said at least partially spent catalyst originating from a fresh catalyst comprising at least one group VIIl metal, at least one group VIB metal and a support comprising at least one zeolite, said method comprising at least the following steps: a) a regeneration step in which the at least partially spent catalyst is subjected to a thermal and/or hydrothermal treatment in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature between 350° C and 460° C so as to obtain a regenerated catalyst, b) a step of rejuvenating the regenerated catalyst obtained in step a) by bringing same in contact with an organic or inorganic, acidic or basic compound, c) a step of calcining the catalyst obtained in step b) at a temperature higher than 300° C, optionally in the presence of water, in order to obtain a calcined rejuvenated catalyst.
B01J 29/16 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
The present invention relates to a process for regenerating an at least partially spent catalyst derived from a hydrocracking process, the at least partially spent catalyst being derived from a fresh catalyst comprising at least one group VIII metal, at least one group VIB metal, and a substrate comprising at least one zeolite, the process comprising at least the following two steps: a) a regeneration step in which the at least partially spent catalyst is subjected to a thermal and/or hydrothermal treatment in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature of between 350°C and 460°C so as to obtain a regenerated catalyst; b) a step of rejuvenating the regenerated catalyst derived from step a) by bringing it into contact with an acidic or basic, organic or inorganic compound, the acidic or basic, organic or inorganic compound not comprising the element phosphorus, in order to obtain a rejuvenated catalyst.
B01J 29/16 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
B01J 37/14 - Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen
B01J 38/12 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
41.
METHOD FOR REGENERATING A ZEOLITE-BASED HYDROCRACKING CATALYST, AND USE THEREOF IN A HYDROCRACKING PROCESS
The present invention relates to a method for regenerating an at least partially spent catalyst from a hydrocracking process, said at least partially spent catalyst originating from a fresh catalyst comprising at least one group VIIl metal, at least one group VIB metal and a support comprising at least one zeolite, said method comprising at least one regeneration step in which the at least partially spent catalyst is subjected to a thermal and/or hydrothermal treatment in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas at a temperature between 350° C and 460° C so as to obtain a regenerated catalyst, said method not comprising any subsequent rejuvenation step of bringing the regenerated catalyst in contact with at least one organic or inorganic, acid or basic compound.
B01J 29/16 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
B01J 37/14 - Oxidising with gases containing free oxygen
B01J 38/12 - Treating with free oxygen-containing gas
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
42.
PROCESS FOR PREPARING A CATALYST COMPRISING A GROUP VIII METAL FROM AN ALPHA ALUMINA
Process for preparing a selective hydrogenation catalyst comprising an active phase based on at least one group VIII metal, deposited on an alpha alumina, and a support in the form of a ceramic or metal foam or monolith, which process comprises at least the following steps: - supplying an alpha alumina powder comprising a specific surface area of between 1 and 50 m²/g; - bringing the alumina powder into contact with a solution comprising a precursor of the active phase comprising a group VIII metal; - drying and then calcining the catalyst precursor; - bringing the calcined catalyst precursor into contact with a support in the form of a ceramic or metal foam or monolith ; - calcining.
C10G 45/40 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
43.
METHOD FOR PREPARING A CATALYST CONTAINING AN ACTIVE NICKEL PHASE AND A NICKEL-COPPER ALLOY
The invention relates to a method for preparing a catalyst containing nickel and copper and a porous alumina support, comprising the following steps of : a) bringing the alumina support into contact with a solution containing a nickel precursor and a first organic compound having at least one carboxylic acid function; b) drying at a temperature below 250°C, then calcining at a temperature of between 250°C and 550°C; c) bringing the calcined catalyst precursor obtained at the end of step b) into contact with a solution containing a nickel precursor, a copper precursor and a second organic compound having at least one carboxylic acid function; d) drying at a temperature below 250°C.
B01J 37/18 - Reducing with gases containing free hydrogen
C10G 45/48 - Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/36 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
44.
METHOD FOR SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION USING A FOAMED CATALYST
The present invention relates to a method for the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated compounds containing at least two carbon atoms per molecule in the presence of a catalyst comprising an active phase made from at least one group VIII metal and a support in the form of a ceramic or metal foam, the catalyst having a geometric surface area of between 1000 and 7000 m2/m3 and a pore diameter of between 0.2 and 1.5 mm.
C10G 45/40 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
Method for treating a partially desulphurised sulphur-containing hydrocarbon feedstock from a preliminary hydrodesulphurisation step in the presence of a catalyst comprising an active phase comprising a group VII metal and a mesoporous and macroporous alumina support comprising a bimodal distribution of mesopores, wherein: -the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 18 nm is between 10 and 30% by volume of the total pore volume of the support; -the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 18 nm and less than 50 nm is between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of the support; -the volume of macropores having a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than 8000 nm is between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of the support.
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
The invention relates to a method for hydrodesulfurization of a sulfur-containing olefinic gasoline cut wherein said gasoline cut, hydrogen and a catalyst comprising an alumina support obtained by dehydration of an aluminum hydroxide or oxyhydroxide at a temperature of between 400° C. and 1200° C. and for a time of between 0.1 seconds and 5 seconds, at least one metal from group VIB, at least one metal from group VIII, and phosphorus are brought into contact, the molar ratio between the phosphorus and the metal from group VIB being between and 0.35.
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
47.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CATALYST COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE GROUP VIB METAL, AT LEAST ONE GROUP VIIIB METAL AND A CARRIER BASED ON OXIDE(S)
The present invention relates to a process for the production of a recycled catalyst comprising at least one metal M1 from group VI B, and/or at least one metal M2 from group VIII, optionally phosphorus and/or sulfur, and a support based on oxide(s). The process comprises the recycling of at least a part of the metal or metals of a source catalyst comprising the metal M1 and/or the metal M2 common with the recycled catalyst to be produced, with:
an extraction by an extraction solution of the metal M1 and/or of the metal M2 from said source catalyst, in order to obtain a solution of extracted metal/metals, then—an impregnation of the support with an impregnation solution resulting from said solution of extracted metal/metals, in order to obtain an impregnated substrate, said extracted metal(s) remaining in the liquid phase from the extraction until the impregnation.
The invention relates to a method for capturing organometallic impurities in a gasoline-type hydrocarbon feedstock containing sulfur compounds and olefins, wherein said feedstock is brought into contact with hydrogen and a capture mass comprising a nickel-based active phase, and a mesoporous and macroporous alumina substrate having a bimodal distribution of mesopores and wherein: —the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 18 nm corresponds to between 10 and 30% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate; —the volume of mesopores with a diameter greater than or equal to 18 nm and less than 50 mm corresponds to between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate; the volume of macropores having a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than 8000 mm corresponds to between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate.
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
The invention is a method of determining an electrofacies interpretation of measurements relative to at least a portion of at least one well drilled through an underground formation. The method comprises applying supervised or unsupervised classification methods to measurements in order to determine learning information. Supervised classification methods are subsequently applied to the measurements, the classification methods being trained by learning information. An ensemble classification method is then applied to the results of the supervised classification methods to determine the electrofacies interpretation of the measurements.
ClostridiumClostridium. The invention further relates to methods, tools and kits for deleting or modifying one or more coding sequences, or controlling the transcription of one or more coding sequences, the XylR and/or AraR transcriptional repressors, the genetically modified bacteria obtained and the uses thereof, in particular to simultaneously ferment at least one hexose and pentose, or the carbon-containing elements of a substrate comprising at least two carbon-containing elements chosen from among glucose, arabinose, xylose, mannose and galactose.
The present invention relates to a genetic tool comprising at least two different nucleic acids allowing the transformation, by homologous recombination, of a bacterium of the genus Clostridium, typically of a solventogenic bacterium.
The present invention relates to a method for treating a catalyst comprising at least one aluminosilicate zeolite of the ZSM-5 family and a binder comprising silicon oxide, such that said treatment comprises a steam treatment of the catalyst, said steam treatment being carried out - on the catalyst in the form of a catalyst bed of catalyst particles - said bed being positioned in a reactor for catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons, - with a stream of steam treatment gas passing through said bed and comprising steam, - at a temperature of at least 150°C, - and a pressure of at most 3x106 Pa.
12344 being independently chosen from among linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups, having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and X- being the hydroxide ion OH-; - in at least one solvent, bringing the dehydration catalyst into contact with the feedstock comprising a hexose at a temperature of between 30 and 160°C and a pressure of between 0.0001 and 8.0 MPa.
B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
54.
METHOD FOR HYDRODESULFURIZATION IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST ON A MESOPOROUS-MACROPOROUS SUBSTRATE
Disclosed is a method for the hydrodesulfurization of an olefinic gasoline cut containing sulfur, wherein said gasoline cut, hydrogen and a catalyst are brought into contact, said catalyst comprising a group VIB metal, a group VIII metal and a mesoporous and macroporous alumina substrate having a bimodal mesopore distribution and wherein: —the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 18 nm corresponds to between 10 and 30% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate; —the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 18 nm and less than 50 nm corresponds to between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate; —the volume of macropores having a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than 8000 nm corresponds to between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate.
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
55.
METHOD FOR DETERMINING UNCERTAINTIES ASSOCIATED WITH A MODEL OF A SEDIMENTARY BASIN
The invention is a method for determining uncertainties of a property of a sedimentary basin, comprising determining realizations of a spatial distribution of the property for combinations of uncertain parameters of a stratigraphic simulation or of a basin simulation, applying a principal component analysis to the realizations, and determining an approximate analytical model of the spatial distribution of the property by constructing an approximate analytical model for a selection of components whose sum of eigenvalues is greater than a predefined threshold. The approximate analytical model is iteratively improved by determining, at each iteration, at least one additional combination of uncertain parameters by adaptive sequential planning applied to the approximate analytical models of the selected components taken in descending order. The uncertainties of the properties are thereafter determined from the approximate analytical model.
G01V 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
E21B 49/00 - Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
56.
SYSTEM FOR LOCKING AND UNLOCKING AN ELONGATED ELEMENT WITH A SHEATH AND AN ATTACHMENT ELEMENT AT EITHER END OF THE SHEATH
The invention relates to a system for locking/unlocking a cable 14 to/from a support, which system comprises: - a sheath with an opening at each end for the cable 14 to pass therethrough 11; - a first attachment element 12 attached to the sheath 11 at a first end; - a second attachment element attached to the sheath 11 at a second end; - a spacer means for increasing the distance between the first and second attachment elements in order to exert a tension on the sheath 11. The second attachment element comprises at least two movable bodies 15 and 16 that are movable relative to one another and a drive means 25 for driving a first movement of one of the bodies 15 or 16 relative to the other, the first movement causing the sheath 11 to tighten on the elongated element 14 at the second end.
F16G 11/04 - Means for fastening cables or ropes to one another or to other objects; Caps or sleeves for fixing on cables or ropes with wedging action, e.g. friction clamps of grommet-thimble type
The invention relates to a method for compressing carbon dioxide comprising at least the following steps: a) compressing (Comp) the fluid to a pressure (P1) greater than 8 bar and strictly lower than 50 bar; b) cooling (Ref1) the compressed fluid to a temperature (T1') between -50°C and 15°C so as to partially liquefy the fluid, the gas fraction of the fluid being between 1% and 99% by volume; c) compressing (PP), by means of multi-stage compression, the compressed and cooled fluid to a pressure (P3) strictly lower than the critical pressure of the fluid; d) preferably cooling (Ref2) the fluid produced by the multi-stage compression step (PP) in order to completely liquefy at least the carbon dioxide; e) compressing (PSP) the fluid so that the pressure (P4) of the fluid exceeds the critical point of the fluid. The invention also relates to a transport and storage method, as well as to a system for compressing carbon dioxide.
The invention relates to a method for capturing organometallic impurities in a gasoline-type hydrocarbon feedstock containing sulfur compounds and olefins, wherein said feedstock is brought into contact with hydrogen and a capture mass comprising a nickel-based active phase, and a mesoporous and macroporous alumina substrate having a bimodal distribution of mesopores and wherein: —the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 18 nm corresponds to between 10 and 30% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate; —the volume of mesopores with a diameter greater than or equal to 18 nm and less than 50 nm corresponds to between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate.
C10G 25/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 20/02 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
59.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR STORING AND RECOVERING ENERGY USING COMPRESSED-GAS WITH RECOVERY LIQUID
The present invention is a compressed-gas energy storage and recovery system and method. The system comprises a compression line (1), an air storage means (1000) and an expansion line (2). According to the invention, the compression line (1) and expansion line (2) comprise a heat storage means (200, 201, 202) including heat storage particles. The expansion line comprises means (600, 601, 602) for injecting and mixing liquid in expansion line (2).
F02C 6/16 - Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads for storing compressed air
F02C 1/04 - Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid the working fluid being heated indirectly
60.
OXYGEN-CARRIER SOLID WITH SUB-STOICHIOMETRIC SPINEL FOR A CHEMICAL-LOOPING REDOX PROCESS
The present invention relates to an oxygen carrier solid, to the preparation thereof and to the use thereof in a chemical looping redox process such as chemical looping combustion (CLC). The solid in particulate form includes a total copper content (X) ranging from 5% to 39% expressed as CuO by weight relative to the total weight of the solid in its oxidized form, and a ceramic matrix within which said copper is dispersed, the matrix including a first sub-stoichiometric spinel of formula MgaAlbO4, and/or a second sub-stoichiometric spinel of formula CucMgdAleO4. The carrier solid includes an amount Y of MgO as a weight percentage of the oxygen carrier solid of between 1% and 23%, and Y<−0.6342X+26.223.
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
B01J 23/78 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups with alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
61.
METHOD FOR THE SELECTIVE HYDROGENATION OF A GASOLINE IN THE PRESENCE OF A CATALYST ON A MESOPOROUS-MACROPOROUS SUBSTRATE
A method for selective hydrogenation of gasoline including polyunsaturated compounds and light sulfur compounds wherein the gasoline and hydrogen is brought into contact with a catalyst containing a group VIB metal, a group VIII metal and a mesoporous and macroporous alumina substrate having a bimodal mesopore distribution and wherein the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 18 nm is 10 to 30% by volume of the total pore volume of the substrate, the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 18 nm and less than 50 nm is 30 to 50% by volume of the total pore volume of the substrate; the volume of macropores having a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than 8000 nm is 30 to 50% by volume of the total pore volume of the substrate.
C10G 45/60 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
62.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING WATER FROM UNDERWATER AND/OR COASTAL SPRINGS WITH AN OVERFLOW TANK
The invention relates to a system for obtaining water from at least one underwater spring, which system comprises a separation means (1) for separating the spring water from the seawater, an overflow tank (5) comprising an opening for receiving the water and a collection device (4) for collecting the spring water spring, the overflow tank (5) comprising an overflow wall configured such that the spring water travels over the overflow wall in order to enter, under gravitational force, into the collection device (4). Moreover, the overflow cross-section of the overflow tank (5) is strictly greater than the flow cross-section of the opening and the overflow cross-section of the overflow tank (5) is located above sea level (8). Figure 1 to be published.
The invention relates to a method for processing lignocellulosic biomass, the method using at least one reactor (9; 14) for processing the biomass, the reactor (9; 14) being provided with a feed device (6; 11) equipped with a biomass inlet and a biomass outlet, the biomass outlet being in fluid communication with an inlet of the reactor, such that - a residue (8; 13) is extracted from the biomass, as it passes through the feed device (6; 11) to the reactor (9; 14), via an extraction outlet provided in the device, the residue being a solid and liquid mixture; - the residue is separated into a solid residue (32; 42) and a liquid residue (31; 41); - at least some of the solid residue (32; 42) is added back into the feed device or into one of the feed devices.
The present invention relates to a process for hydrocracking hydrocarbon feedstocks, comprising at least the steps of a) hydrotreatment of said feedstocks; b) a first step of hydrocracking of at least a portion of the effluent leaving step a); c) the gas/liquid separation of the effluent resulting from step b) to produce a liquid effluent and a gaseous effluent; d) the separation of the liquid effluent resulting from step c) into at least one "converted" effluent comprising hydrocarbon compounds having boiling points of less than a temperature T1 of between 340°C and 385°C and an unconverted liquid fraction comprising hydrocarbon compounds having a boiling point of greater than the temperature T1; e) the fractionation of the "converted" liquid effluent resulting from step d) and comprising hydrocarbon compounds having boiling points of less than the temperature T1, to obtain at least one first fraction comprising hydrocarbon compounds having a boiling point of less than a temperature T2 of between 150°C and 220°C and at least one second fraction comprising hydrocarbon compounds having a boiling point of greater than the temperature T2 but less than the temperature T1; f) a second step of hydrocracking of at least a portion of the second liquid fraction resulting from step e) and comprising hydrocarbon compounds having a boiling point of greater than the temperature T2, but less than the temperature T1.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 45/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
C10G 65/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only cracking steps
65.
PROCESS FOR RECYCLING USED PLASTICS BASED ON POLYETHYLENE USING A LIGHT HYDROCARBON SOLVENT
Process for purifying a plastic feedstock comprising polyethylene, which comprises: a) dissolving the plastic feedstock in a dissolution solvent comprising a hydrocarbon compound having a boiling point of between -15°C and 100°C, at a dissolution temperature of between 120°C and 220°C and a dissolution pressure of between 1.0 and 25.0 MPa absolute, to obtain a crude polymer solution; b) purifying the crude polymer solution, comprising: b1) separation of the insoluble matter; and/or b2) washing, with a dense solution; and/or b3) extraction, by an extraction solvent; and/or b4) adsorption of the impurities; then c) solvent-polymer separation, using a supercritical separation section, at a temperature of between 160 and 300°C and a pressure of between 2.7 and 10.0 MPa absolute, followed by at least one solvent recovery section, to obtain purified polyethylene.
Process for purifying a plastic feedstock, comprising: a) a dissolution step comprising placing the plastic feedstock in contact with a dissolution solvent comprising a hydrocarbon compound having a boiling point of between -15 and 100°C, at a dissolution temperature of between 120°C and 250°C and a dissolution pressure of between 1.0 and 25.0 MPa, to obtain a crude polymer solution; b) a step of purifying the crude polymer solution to obtain a purified polymer solution, comprising: b1) separation of the insoluble matter; and/or b2) washing, by contact with a dense solution; and/or b3) extraction, by contact with an extraction solvent; and/or b4) adsorption of the impurities; then c) a solvent-polymer separation step, using a supercritical separation section, operated at between 160 and 300°C and at a pressure of between 2.7 and 10.0 MPa, followed by at least one solvent recovery section, to obtain purified thermoplastics.
The invention relates to a method for purifying a plastics feedstock comprising polypropylene, said method comprising the steps of: a) dissolving the plastics feedstock in a dissolution solvent comprising a hydrocarbon compound having a boiling point of between -15°C and 100°C, at a dissolution temperature of between 150°C and 250°C and a dissolution pressure of between 1.0 and 18.0 MPa absolute, in order to obtain a crude polymer solution; b) purifying the crude polymer solution, comprising: b1) separating the insoluble substances; and/or b2) washing, using a dense solution; and/or b3) extraction, using an extraction solvent; and/or b4) adsorbing impurities; then c) solvent-polymer separation, using a supercritical separation section, at a temperature of between 160 and 300°C and a pressure of between 2.7 and 10.0 MPa absolute, followed by at least one solvent recovery section, in order to obtain purified polypropylene.
C01B 39/48 - Other types characterised by their X-ray diffraction pattern and their defined composition using at least one organic template directing agent
The present invention relates to a device and to a method for detecting at least the presence of gas hydrate crystals (10) formed by a fluid.
The present invention relates to a device and to a method for detecting at least the presence of gas hydrate crystals (10) formed by a fluid.
The device according to the invention comprises: a polychromatic light source (2) likely to emit a radiation (20) at least in the visible spectrum; a body (3, 3′, 3″) comprising a reflecting surface (4) of predefined color in contact with the fluid; means for measuring a light intensity (5) as a function of wavelength, so arranged as to detect a radiation re-emitted in a non-specular manner (21) by reflecting surface (4) when it is illuminated by polychromatic light source (2); means for detecting at least the presence of hydrate crystals (10) from the light intensity measured as a function of wavelength and of at least one predefined threshold.
G01N 21/31 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
70.
SYNTHESIS OF LEVULINIC ACID BY HYDRATION OF FURFURYL ALCOHOL IN THE PRESENCE OF A HOMOGENEOUS ACID CATALYST AND OF A SOLVENT BASED ON ETHER AND/OR ACETALS
The present invention relates to a method for synthesising levulinic acid by hydration of furfuryl alcohol at a temperature of between 25 and 140°C in the presence of a homogeneous acid catalyst and of a solvent based on ether and/or acetal. The use of such a solvent makes it possible to obtain an equivalent, or better, yield than the yields obtained with known solvents, while having high stability properties.
The present invention relates to a method for separating levulinic acid from a composition comprising levulinic acid and humins, in which said composition is subjected to a step of thermal separation in the presence of a flux having a boiling point above that of levulinic acid so as to obtain a light fraction containing levulinic acid and a heavy fraction containing the humins and said flux. The presence of a flux makes it possible to reduce the viscosity of the humins and to increase the degree of levulinic acid recovery.
C07C 51/44 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07C 59/185 - Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing keto groups
72.
METHOD FOR PREPARING AN IZM-2 BASED CATALYST BY A SPECIFIC HEAT TREATMENT AND USE OF SAID CATALYST FOR THE ISOMERISATION OF PARAFFINIC FEEDSTOCKS TO MIDDLE DISTILLATES
The present invention relates to a method for preparing a bifunctional catalyst using an IZM-2 zeolite, a hydrogenating function and a matrix. The preparation method according to the invention uses a specific heat treatment of the catalyst which improves its selectivity for the isomerisation of paraffinic feedstocks in middle distillates.
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
C10G 45/62 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C10G 45/64 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
73.
CATALYTIC BED COMPRISING A PARTICULAR PHOTOCATALYTIC CATALYST
The present invention relates to a catalytic bed comprising a particular photocatalytic catalyst. The bed comprises structuring particlesa made of inorganic material, b, combined with at least one semiconductor material, a, with photocatalytic properties, the combination being produced by mixing structuring particles made of inorganic material, b, with the semiconductor material, a, in the form of particles, —and/or by chemical or physicochemical deposition of the semiconductor material, a, on the structuring particles made of inorganic material, b, the structuring particles, b, being of substantially spherical shape and of mean diameter between 22 nm and 8.0 μm.
Device and process for the conversion of a feedstock of aromatic compounds, in which the feedstock is treated notably by means of a fractionation train (4-7), a xylene separation unit (10) and an isomerization unit (11), and in which a pyrolysis unit (13) treats a second hydrocarbon feedstock, produces a pyrolysis effluent feeding the feedstock, and produces a pyrolysis gas comprising CO, CO2 and H2; a reverse water gas shift RWGS reaction section (50) treats the pyrolysis gas and produces an RWGS gas enriched in CO and in water; a fermentation reaction section (52) treats the RWGS gas enriched in CO and in water, and produces ethanol.
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C10G 11/00 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
75.
PROCESS FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF ETHANOL IN A MULTITUBULAR REACTOR
COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN (France)
Inventor
Gabelle, Jean-Christophe
Coupard, Vincent
Dastillung, Rejane
Mejean, Mickael
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for the dehydrogenation of a feedstock comprising ethanol, using at least one multitubular reactor advantageously comprising a plurality of tubes comprising at least one dehydrogenation catalyst, and a calender, said feedstock being introduced into the tubes in gas form, at an inlet temperature of greater than or equal to 240° C., a pressure between 0.1 and 1.0 MPa, and a WWH between 2 and 15 h−1, wherein a heat-transfer fluid circulates in said calender at a flow rate such that the weight ratio of said heat-transfer fluid relative to said feedstock is greater than or equal to 1.0, and such that said heat-transfer fluid is introduced into said calender in gas form at an inlet temperature of greater than or equal to 260° C. and at an inlet pressure of greater than or equal to 0.10 MPa, and less than or equal to 1.10 MPa, and leaves the calender at least partly in liquid form.
C07C 45/00 - Preparation of compounds having C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
C07C 1/207 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms from carbonyl compounds
C07C 7/00 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives
76.
METHOD FOR OPTIMISED MANAGEMENT OF THE SEQUENCING OF VEHICLE CHARGING ON A LOCAL ELECTRICITY GRID
The invention relates to charging vehicles connected to a charging infrastructure. The charging infrastructure may have a micro-grid possibly including renewable energy producers. The invention provides a method and optimized management accounting for the variety of vehicle batteries, and a number of charging stations smaller than the number of vehicle parking spaces. The present invention relates to an urban electricity micro-grid, focused on an aspect of local electricity production and use, and on an aspect of electricity purchase and resale optimization.
The present invention relates to a vehicle comprising a powertrain (2) equipped with a cooling system (1). The cooling system (1) comprises a radiator (3) on the front face of the vehicle, this radiator being equipped with an electric motor-fan device (5), which is powered by a dedicated electric circuit. Said dedicated electric circuit comprises a power generation device (7) independent of the powertrain, and a rechargeable electric battery (6).
hhh) during a predetermined period. The forecast model is a combination of a calibrated transfer function (FT CS) and a power variation model (MOD VAR) constructed by way of machine learning, the combination (MOD PRO) being corrected (COR) on the basis of the produced power. A produced power forecast is then determined in real time by applying the produced power forecast model (MOD COR).
The present invention relates to an original process for the preparation of a catalyst in the form of an extrudate comprising an acid zeolite with the structural code MFI, the zeolite content being between 45% and 90% relative to the total mass of the catalyst, and a binder, and optionally containing a hydrogenating active phase, comprising at least a) the mixture of said MFI zeolite and the binder, the average size of the elementary particles of said MFI zeolite being between 110 and 800 nm, b) the addition of said mixture a) of a peptizing agent c) the addition to said mixture of a neutralizing agent d) the shaping by extrusion of the mixture e) optionally, the drying of the solid, f) the heat treatment of the said solid obtained in the presence of water vapor at a temperature between 400 and 1000° C. in the presence of an air flow containing from 1 to 60% by volume of water, and g) optionally, the introduction of one or more precursors of a hydrogenating active phase on the solid.
The present invention relates to a process for removing acid compounds contained in a gaseous effluent which consists in bringing a gaseous effluent into contact, in the absorption column, with an absorbent solution comprising water, between 20% and 28% by weight of pentamethyldipropylenetriamine and between 5% and 35% by weight of N-methyldiethanolamine.
C10L 3/10 - Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
The invention relates to a process for depolymerizing a polyester feedstock comprising PET, said process comprising, prior to the step of depolymerization by glycolysis and to the step of purification of the depolymerization effluent, an improved step of conditioning the feedstock in which the polyester feedstock is conditioned in terms of temperature and pressure and then mixed with a diol effluent in a static or dynamic mixer in order in particular to substantially reduce the viscosity of the feedstock.
C08J 11/24 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
82.
EXTRACTION COLUMN WITH ALTERNATING SPILLWAY SECTIONS
The present invention relates to a column for the liquid-liquid extraction of a feedstock by an extraction solvent, comprising perforated trays (Pi) for the passage of a dispersed phase (B), the perforated trays being spaced apart by an inter-tray space (8), and comprising spillways (6), a spillway being a hole allowing the passage of a continuous phase (A) through a perforated tray, the extraction column (1) alternately comprising perforated trays of type I having two peripheral spillways, and perforated trays of type II having a single central spillway, wherein: the cross-section S2 of the central spillways is larger than the cross-section S1 of the peripheral spillways, cross-section S1 corresponding to the sum of the cross-sections of the two peripheral spillways. The present invention also relates to a liquid-liquid extraction method using said liquid-liquid extraction column.
B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
C07C 7/10 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
The present invention relates to a column for the liquid-liquid extraction of a feedstock by an extraction solvent, comprising perforated trays (Pi) for the passage of a dispersed phase (B), the perforated trays being spaced apart by an inter-tray space (8), and comprising spillways (6), a spillway being a hole allowing the passage of a continuous phase (A) through a perforated tray, the extraction column (1) alternately comprising perforated trays of type I having two peripheral spillways, and perforated trays of type II having a single central spillway, wherein: the height H1 of the inter-tray spaces located directly downstream of the trays of type I, in the direction of flow of the continuous phase, is greater than the height H2 of the inter-tray spaces located directly downstream of the trays of type II. The present invention also relates to a liquid-liquid extraction method using said liquid-liquid extraction column.
B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
C07C 7/10 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
2223322S coming from the method, to decrease the consumption of the sulphurising agent to maintain the catalysts in sulphide form in feedstocks having low sulphur content.
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 47/00 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
85.
VEHICLE WITH A COOLING SYSTEM COMPRISING A COLD PLATE
The present invention relates to a vehicle comprising a cooling system that is intended to cool at least one heat-producing vehicle member (5). The cooling system comprises a closed circuit (5) for the circulation of thermal fluid which comprises a radiator (7), a means for exchanging heat with the heat-producing member (5), a pump (6) and a cold plate device (1). The cold plate (1) is incorporated into a part of the bodywork of the vehicle.
The invention relates to a process for converting used tyres to obtain carbon black, comprising the following steps:
a) sending a solid feedstock based on used tires to a reaction zone in the presence of a liquid solvent to obtain a vapor effluent and a first liquid effluent comprising the carbon black,
b) sending the liquid effluent to a filtration and washing unit to obtain a filtered and washed carbon black cake and a second liquid effluent;
c) sending said vapor effluent and the second liquid effluent to a fractionation zone to obtain at least one hydrocarbon cut;
d) sending said hydrocarbon cut obtained at the end of step c) to the reaction zone as liquid solvent of step a);
e) drying the carbon black cake.
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
87.
METHOD FOR LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION OF AROMATICS WITH EXTRACT RECYCLE STREAMS
The present invention relates to a method and to a device for separating aromatic compounds from a feedstock (1) comprising a mixture of aromatic and non-aromatic compounds, in which aromatics are extracted from the feedstock in a liquid-liquid extractor (T1) fed with a solvent stream (2) in order to produce at least an extract (4) concentrated in aromatic compounds, with respect to the feedstock, and a raffinate (3) concentrated in non-aromatic compounds, with respect to the composition of the feedstock; and in which an upper part (Z1) and a lower part (Z2) of the liquid-liquid extractor (T1) are fed respectively with a first fraction (51) and a second fraction (52) of extract recycle stream (5), the upper part and the lower part being defined with respect to the position of the feed point of the feedstock in the liquid-liquid extractor.
B01D 11/04 - Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
C07C 7/10 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids
C10G 1/04 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by extraction
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
89.
METHOD FOR DETECTING AND COUNTING AT LEAST ONE GEOLOGICAL CONSTITUENT OF A ROCK SAMPLE
The present invention is a method of detecting and counting a geological constituent (cge) of an acquired image of a rock sample (IER), by a location detection machine learning method (ALG).
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
Catalyst consisting of an active phase of palladium and zinc, and a porous alumina support, the palladium content being between 0.01% and 2% by weight of palladium element relative to the total weight of the catalyst, the zinc content being between 5% and 30% by weight of zinc element relative to the total weight of the catalyst, said catalyst not comprising any alloy based on palladium and zinc, the metallic dispersion D of the palladium being between 10% and 30%.
B01J 23/60 - Platinum group metals with zinc, cadmium or mercury
B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C10G 45/40 - Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
C07C 7/167 - Purification, separation or stabilisation of hydrocarbons; Use of additives by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound by hydrogenation for removal of compounds containing a triple carbon-to-carbon bond
C07C 5/03 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds
91.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CELLULOLYTIC AND/OR HEMICELLULOLYTIC ENZYMES
The present invention concerns a process for producing cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic enzymes by a cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic microorganism, said process comprising at least - a) a phase of growth of the microorganism in the presence of at least one carbonaceous substrate, then - b) a phase of production of the enzymes in the presence of at least one inductive substrate, and also: - c) a phase of preparation of a carbonaceous substrate comprising glucose and/or fructose, said carbonaceous substrate being used in one and/or the other of the phases a) of growth and b) of production, said phase of preparation comprising a step c1) of hydrolysis of sucrose in acidic aqueous medium to give glucose and fructose.
The invention relates to the various uses of a fungus strain which belongs to the Trichoderma genus and in which the cel1a gene has been knocked out. The invention relates in particular to a method of producing proteins by a fungus strain which belongs to the Trichoderma genus and in which the cel1a gene has been knocked out, comprising at least two steps:
a first step of growth in a batch phase in the presence of at least one carbon growth substrate, and
a second step of producing proteins in a fed-batch phase in the presence of a composition comprising at least lactose and a second sugar, the lactose content in the composition representing approximately between 0 and 30% by weight of the total sugar content of the composition, in particular between 5 and 30%.
The present invention relates to a process for hydroconversion of a feedstock comprising a fraction of less than 50% by weight of plastic pyrolysis oil and/or CSR (102) and a heavy hydrocarbon fraction (101) containing a part of at least 50% by weight having a boiling point of at least 300 °C, and containing sulfur and nitrogen. The hydroconversion uses one or more ebullated-bed or hybrid ebullated-bed reactors (20), and preferably two successive hydroconversion steps. The process according to the invention makes it possible to produce higher quality materials with a lower boiling point, for example for the production of fuels or chemical compounds for petrochemistry, with an improved yield of certain cuts while allowing for facilitated treatment of the hydroconverted products in downstream steps as fixed bed hydrotreatment and maintaining good stability of the unconverted fraction.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
C10G 49/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 49/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or with moving solid particles
C10G 69/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
94.
CATALYTIC MATERIAL BASED ON A GROUP VIB ELEMENT AND A GROUP IVB ELEMENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN BY ELECTROLYSIS OF WATER
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (CNRS) (France)
UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD (LYON 1) (France)
GRENOBLE INP (INSTITUT POLYTECHNIQUE DE GRENOBLE) (France)
UNIVERSITE SAVOIE MONT BLANC (France)
UNIVERSITE GRENOBLE ALPES (France)
Inventor
Bonduelle, Audrey
Obadia, Mona Marie
Cacciuttolo, Quentin
Steinmann, Stephan
Abidi, Nawras
Dubau, Laetitia
Sibert, Eric
Abstract
The invention relates to a catalytic material comprising at least one group VIB metal at least partially in sulphurated form, at least one group IVB metal at least partially in sulphurated form, and an electrically conductive support, wherein said group VIB metal is selected from molybdenum and/or tungsten, and said group IVB metal is selected from titanium, zirconium and/or hafnium.
A subject matter of the invention is a catalyst comprising a support and an active phase consisting of nickel, molybdenum and tungsten, and phosphorus, the nickel content, measured in the NiO form, is between 3% and 4% by weight; the molybdenum content, measured in the MoO3 form, is between 2% and 4% by weight; the tungsten content, measured in the WO3 form, is between 34% and 40% by weight; the phosphorus content, measured in the P2O5 form, is between 3% and 4% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the catalyst; the WO3/MoO3 molar ratio is between 5.3 and 12.4 mol/mol, the NiO/(WO3 + MoO3) molar ratio is between 0.20 and 0.33 mol/mol and the P2O5/(WO3 + MoO3) molar ratio is between 0.21 and 0.34 mol/mol. The invention also relates to its method of preparation and to its use in hydrotreating and/or hydrocracking.
The present invention relates to an oligomerization process implemented in a sequence of at least two gas/liquid reactors, placed in series, comprising at least one gas headspace recycle loop. The process more particularly relates to the oligomerization of ethylene to linear alpha-olefins such as 1-butene, 1-hexene, 1-octene or a mixture of linear alpha-olefins.
B01J 10/00 - Chemical processes in general for reacting liquid with gaseous media other than in the presence of solid particles; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
B01J 19/24 - Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
B01J 19/00 - Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
97.
HYDROCRACKING CATALYST COMPRISING TWO ZEOLITES Y, ONE SPECIFIC ZEOLITE Y OF WHICH BEING FOR NAPHTHA PRODUCTION
The invention relates to a hydrocracking catalyst which is selective towards the naphtha cut and to the hydrocracking process utilizing said catalyst, said catalyst comprising at least one hydro-dehydrogenating element selected from the group consisting of group VIB elements and non-noble group VIII elements, individually or as a mixture from the periodic table, and a support comprising at least one porous mineral matrix, a first zeolite Y having an initial crystal parameter a0 of the elementary mesh greater than 24.42 Å and a second zeolite Y having an initial crystal parameter a0 of the elementary mesh strictly less than 24.40 Å, a BET specific surface area of between 700 and 1000 m2/g, a microporous volume determined by nitrogen adsorption of greater than 0.28 ml/g and a Brønsted acidity of greater than 300 micromoles/g.
B01J 29/16 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the faujasite type, e.g. type X or Y containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
B01J 29/70 - Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C10G 47/20 - Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers the catalyst containing other metals or compounds thereof
The present invention relates to a process for treating a plastics pyrolysis oil, comprising:
a) the selective hydrogenation of said feedstock to obtain a hydrogenated effluent;
b) hydrotreatment of said hydrogenated effluent to obtain a hydrotreatment effluent;
c) a first step of hydrocracking of said hydrotreated effluent to obtain a first hydrocracked effluent;
d) separation of the hydrocracked effluent in the presence of an aqueous stream, to obtain a gaseous effluent, an aqueous liquid effluent and a hydrocarbon-based liquid effluent;
e) fractionation of the hydrocarbon-based liquid effluent to obtain at least one gas stream and at least one naphtha cut and a heavier cut;
f) a second step of hydrocracking of the heavier cut to obtain a second hydrocracked effluent;
g) recycling of at least a portion of said second hydrocracked effluent into the separation step d).
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
99.
EBULLATED BED OR HYBRID EBULLATED-ENTRAINED BED HYDROCONVERSION OF A FEEDSTOCK COMPRISING A VEGETABLE OR ANIMAL OIL FRACTION
The present invention relates to a method for the hydroconversion of a feedstock comprising a vegetable and/or animal oil fraction (102), in particular used oil and a heavy hydrocarbon fraction (101) containing a portion of at least 50% by weight that has a boiling point of at least 300°C and containing sulphur and nitrogen, the sum of the vegetable and/or animal oil fraction (102) and of the heavy hydrocarbon fraction (101) forming 100% of the feedstock by weight. The hydroconversion implements one or more ebullated bed or hybrid ebullated-entrained bed reactors (20), and preferably two successive hydroconversion steps, with a view to producing materials having a higher quality, with a lower boiling point, for example for producing fuels or chemical products, while being designed to be used with said vegetable and/or animal oil fraction.
C10G 47/30 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 47/28 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles according to the "moving bed" technique
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/18 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing with moving solid particles according to the "moving bed" technique
C10G 45/20 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing with moving solid particles according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 45/16 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
C10G 47/26 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions with moving solid particles suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries
C10G 65/02 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 21/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 49/10 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups , , , , or with moving solid particles
100.
DEVICE FOR RADIAL SEPARATION IN SIMULATED MOVING BED
The present invention relates to a device, a column and a method for radial separation or reaction, wherein the adsorption chamber (9) has a charging height (H3) greater than the height of the distribution duct (6) and the height of the collecting duct (8), and the upper wall (2) of the adsorption chamber (9) comprises at least one inlet (16) for washing solvent.
