Abstract

The present invention relates to a process, by means of which polyurethanes, which have been formed from polyether polyols and aromatic isocyanates, can be decomposed to polyether polyols and aromatic amines.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12P 13/00 - Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
• C08J 11/24 - Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic oxygen-containing compounds containing hydroxyl groups
• C12N 9/78 - Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5)
• C12P 13/02 - Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol

Abstract

The invention relates to a polyol formulation for producing flameproof polyurethane/polyisocyanate rigid foams (referred to individually or jointly in the following as "PUR/PIR rigid foams"), containing a polyester polyol having an OH number = 250 mg KOH/g, a functionality of 1.5 to 2.5 and a free glycol content with Mn < 150 g/mol of < 6 wt.%, a polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of < 700 g/mol and an average functionality of < 2.5 and specific polyethyleneglycol alkylphenyl ethers, and to methods for producing PUR/PIR rigid foams using said polyol formulation and to the PUR/PIR rigid foams obtained thereby.

IPC Classes  ?

• C08L 75/06 - Polyurethanes from polyesters
• C08J 9/04 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
• C08G 18/42 - Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
• C08G 18/48 - Polyethers

Abstract

The present invention relates to a layer structure, preferably a hinge, particularly preferably a book cover, most particularly preferably a book cover for identification and security documents, comprising at least one outer layer a) containing at least one thermoplastic elastomer, preferably a thermoplastic polyurethane and at least one layer b) containing at least one material selected from the group consisting of a polymer, a metal, a textile, a paper and a synthetic paper or a combination of at least two thereof. The invention further relates to a laminate comprising the aforementioned layer structure and to the production method therefor. The invention further relates to the use of the layer structure and/or laminate in order to produce a hinge, preferably a multilayer book cover, in particular for security and identification documents.

IPC Classes  ?

• B32B 5/02 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments
• B32B 3/10 - Layered products essentially comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products essentially having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. apertured or formed of separate pieces of material
• B32B 3/26 - Layered products essentially comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products essentially having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids
• B32B 3/30 - Layered products essentially comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products essentially having particular features of form characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. grooved, ribbed
• B32B 5/18 - Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material
• B32B 15/04 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance
• B32B 15/095 - Layered products essentially comprising metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
• B32B 27/06 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance
• B32B 27/08 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of synthetic resin of a different kind
• B32B 27/10 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance of paper or cardboard
• B32B 27/40 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
• B32B 37/00 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
• B42D 1/00 - Books or other bound products
• G06K 19/077 - Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a treated object, comprising the steps: a) producing an object by means of additive manufacturing, the object being produced by the repeated arrangement, layer by layer, of at least one first material on a substrate spatially selectively in accordance with a cross-section of the object, the method comprising the additional method step: b) at least partially bringing the object, which is still on the substrate or has already been detached from the substrate and which has been produced by additive manufacturing, into contact with a liquid heated to = T or a powder bed of a second material heated to = T for a time = 1 minute in order to obtain the treated object, T standing for a temperature of = 25 °C. The invention further relates to an object produced by a method of this type.

IPC Classes  ?

• B29C 64/35 - Cleaning
• B29C 71/00 - After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
• B29C 71/02 - Thermal after-treatment
• B29C 71/04 - After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation

Abstract

The present invention relates to a layered composite comprising at least one transparent layer a) containing a thermoplastic, this transparent layer having a light transmission in the range of from = 85 % to = 98 % determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07, and an opaque layer b) containing at least one thermoplastic, characterised in that the opaque layer b) has a light transmission in the range of from = 0.1 % to = 25 % determined according to ISO 13468-2:2006-07, a layer thickness in the range of from = 20 µm to = 70 µm, preferably from = 20 µm to = 60 µm, particularly preferably from = 25 µm to = 55 µm, and at least one opening.

IPC Classes  ?

• B32B 38/04 - Punching, slitting or perforating
• B42D 25/20 - Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
• B32B 27/28 - Layered products essentially comprising synthetic resin comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following subgroups
• B32B 37/22 - Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of both discrete and continuous layers

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing aniline or an aniline derivative, in which a solution of aminobenzoic acid in aniline with a mass fraction of aniline in the solution, in relation to the total mass of aminobenzoic acid and aniline, in the region of 20% to 85%, is subject to a thermal decarboxylation at a temperature in the region of 165°C to 500°C without the presence of a non-system catalyst, such that the aminobenzoic acid is converted into aniline. The obtained aniline can be converted in to derivatives, such as di- and polyamines of the diphenylmethane series.

IPC Classes  ?

• C07C 209/68 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton
• C07C 211/46 - Aniline
• C12P 7/40 - Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group

Abstract

The present invention relates to novel urethanases for the enzymatic degradation of polyurethanes and to an enzymatic process for the complete degradation of polyurethanes in defined monomers.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12N 9/80 - Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in linear amides
• C12N 9/78 - Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5)
• C12P 13/02 - Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol