A self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet includes a substrate material, a photocatalyst layer, and a primer. The photocatalyst layer comprises a primary photocatalyst and a secondary photocatalyst. The primary photocatalyst is anatase titanium dioxide and the secondary photocatalyst comprises a metallic photocatalyst. The secondary photocatalyst absorbs a visible light energy, transfers the energy to the primary photocatalyst, thus activating the primary photocatalyst as the primary disinfecting agent. The substrate material binds the photocatalyst layer by either connecting the primary photocatalyst and/or the secondary photocatalyst through two oxygen atoms of a carboxyl group (COO) comprising the primer, or by forming hydrogen bonds between the carbonyl group and a surface hydroxyl group (OH—) of the primary photocatalyst. The self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet is activatable by a visible light and can self-disinfect against bacteria and viruses.
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprising two types of LEDs, a switching circuit, a signal generating circuit, and an LED driving circuit is used to replace a conventional luminaire with a severe temporal light artifact. The switching circuit and the LED driving circuit are configured to reduce a low-frequency ripple associated with AC mains. The signal generating circuit is configured to produce two sets of modulation signals with a phase difference of 180 degrees between the two sets of modulation signals, which are then embedded in the LED driving current to drive the two types of LEDs, resulting in imperceptible flicker at a temporal modulation frequency as a result of color mixing of the two types of LEDs and persistence of vision, thereby drastically reducing eyestrain, visual discomfort, etc.
H05B 45/59 - Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to LED life; Protective circuits for reducing or suppressing flicker or glow effects
H05B 45/24 - Controlling the colour of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) lamp comprising an emergency circuit is used to replace a luminaire operated in a normal circuit with alternate-current (AC) mains. The normal circuit comprises a step-down regulator circuit and a load control relay whereas the emergency circuit comprises a rechargeable battery, a step-up regulator circuit, and a self-diagnostic circuit. The linear LED lamp can be auto-switched from a normal mode to an emergency mode according to availability of the AC mains and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The load control relay is configured to convey a forward electric current and a reverse electric current to and from the LED arrays. The self-diagnostic circuit is configured to provide a test sequence and to auto-evaluate battery performance. The step-up regulator circuit adopts an unconventional low power scheme to prolong an emergency lighting time using a limited power of the rechargeable battery.
H05B 45/3578 - Emulating the electrical or functional characteristics of discharge lamps
F21V 25/12 - Flameproof or explosion-proof arrangements
F21V 23/04 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
F21K 9/278 - Arrangement or mounting of circuit elements integrated in the light source
A lighting apparatus includes a first visible light source, a near-infrared (near-IR) radiation source, and a controller. The first visible light source emits a light with a color temperature between 1900K to 6800K, and the near-IR radiation source emitting a wavelength in the 700 nm to 1400 nm wavelength range, and in some cases, with at least 300 nm continuous spectral range of emission between 700 nm to 1400 nm. The radiation energy emitted by the lighting apparatus in the 700 nm to 1400 nm wavelength range is less than the radiation energy emitted by the lighting apparatus in the 380 nm to 700 nm wavelength range. In some embodiments, the controller is configured to strobe the first visible light source with a strobing frequency between 35 Hz and 45 Hz via either an amplitude modulation strobing or a color temperature fusion strobing.
An elongated germicidal lighting device includes an elongated housing, a first light source, a second light source, a third light source, a first driver, a second driver, a third driver, and a controller. The first light source shines a visible light above the housing whereas the second light source shines visible light below the housing. The third light source is an ultraviolet-C (UVC) light source emitting germicidal irradiation to disinfection ambient air and a surface in line of sight. The controller is configured to turn on the first light source, the second light source, and the third light source individually or any combination thereof.
A lighting apparatus includes a light source and a controller. The controller turns on the light source with a strobing frequency between 35 Hz and 45 Hz. Moreover, the controller regulates the light output of the light source with a modulation depth percentage less than 50%. The modulation depth may be adjustable so that each user can maximize the modulation depth according to personal visual tolerance, thus achieving the best Alzheimer treatment for the individual. Another lighting apparatus includes a first light source, a second light source, and a controller. The controller turns on the first light source without strobing and the second light source with a strobing frequency between 35 Hz and 45 Hz. The controller regulates the light output of the second light source with a modulation depth less than the light output of the first light source.
A therapeutic lighting apparatus includes two white light sources each with a different color temperature and a controller. The controller operates the lighting apparatus in either a color temperature fusion mode or a color temperature flickering mode or both simultaneously such that the color temperature flickering mode can be used for treating a patient with Alzheimer's disease. The lighting apparatus can be enhanced with a green light source for supporting a green light mode for treating migraine headache. Similarly, the lighting apparatus can be enhanced with a red light source for supporting a red light mode for tissue repairing. Alternatively, the lighting apparatus can be enhanced with a near-infrared (IR) radiation source for supporting a near-IR mode for lowering the heartbeat, uplifting the mood, and improving the immunization system of a subject.
A color temperature fusion lighting apparatus includes a first light source with a first color temperature, a second light source with a second color temperature, and a driver circuit. The driver circuit operates the lighting apparatus in two modes. In the first mode, the driver circuit operates the lighting apparatus in a first linear combination of the first light source and the second light source, resulting in a first operating color temperature for the lighting apparatus. In the second mode, the driver circuit operates the lighting apparatus in a second linear combination of the first light source and the second light source, resulting in a second operating color temperature. Moreover, the driver circuit is configured to alternate the operation of the lighting apparatus between the first mode and the second mode at a frequency F between 35 to 45 Hz, resulting in a blended color temperature of the first operating color temperature and the second operating color temperature for the lighting apparatus.
A spectral power distribution (SPD) fusion lighting apparatus includes a first visible light source with a first SPD, a second visible light source with a second SPD, a driver circuit, and a controller. The first SPD is different than the second SPD markedly in a 50 nm wavelength range. The controller toggles the turning on of the first visible light and the second visible light at a frequency greater than 25 Hz. The first visible light source is turned on during one half of the duty cycle, whereas the second visible light source is turned on during the other half of the duty cycle. The first visible light source and the second visible light emit similar light outputs and have similar chromaticity coordinates on the CIE 1931 color space chromaticity diagram. In some embodiments a sound wave generator is used to generate a sound wave at the same frequency.
A61M 21/00 - Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
10.
Solid-state lighting with data communication controls
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprising a battery-backup portion is used to replace a luminaire operated only with alternate-current (AC) mains. The battery-backup portion comprises a rechargeable battery, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a front-end communication circuit. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises timers and is configured to provide test schedules and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to the test schedules with test results stored. The LED luminaire further comprises a remote user interface and a concentrator communication circuit configured to communicate with the front-end communication circuit configured to send the test results to the concentrator communication circuit as soon as a rechargeable battery test is performed. When the remote control signals are initiated by the remote user interface with spread-spectrum modulated signals transmitted, the front-end communication circuit can demodulate such signals and subsequently send commands to the self-diagnostic circuit to respond accordingly.
H05B 47/18 - Controlling the light source by remote control via data-bus transmission
H05B 45/38 - Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using boost topology
F21V 23/02 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being transformers or impedances
F21S 9/02 - Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
F21V 23/00 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire phase-dimming driver comprises a first power supply circuit, a second power supply circuit, and an interface control circuit. The second power supply circuit is configured to convert a constant voltage generated from the first power supply circuit into an output direct-current (DC) voltage to dim an external LED luminaire in response to a phase-dimming signal abstracted from a phase-cut mains voltage no matter whether the external LED luminaire is originally dimmable or not. The second power supply circuit is further configured to receive a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal and to control the output DC voltage in response to the PWM signal. The interface control circuit comprises a relay switch configured to sense the phase-dimming signal and to control switching between an intermediate voltage and the output DC voltage to operate the external LED luminaire without flickering.
A light-emitting diode (LED) lamp comprising a normally-operated portion and an emergency-operated portion is used to replace a luminaire operated only in a normal mode with alternate-current (AC) mains. The normally-operated portion comprises a second driving circuit whereas the emergency-operated portion comprises a rechargeable battery, a first driving circuit, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a control circuit. The LED lamp can auto-switch between the normal mode and an emergency mode according to availability of the AC mains and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The control circuit is configured to produce a pulse train with a predetermined duty cycle to operate the first driving circuit while disabling the second driving circuit to eliminate operational ambiguity during the rechargeable battery test. The self-diagnostic circuit is configured to provide multiple sequences and to auto-evaluate battery performance by sending the pulse train to operate the first driving circuit according to the multiple sequences.
G05F 1/00 - Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or val
F21V 23/00 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
F21S 9/02 - Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
H05B 45/38 - Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using boost topology
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire dimming driver comprises a power supply circuit, a dimming interface circuit, an optocoupler circuit, an LED luminaire driving circuit, and a supplied voltage control circuit. The LED luminaire driving circuit is configured to automatically convert a constant voltage from the power supply circuit into an output DC voltage to dim an external LED luminaire in response to a dimming signal no matter whether the external LED luminaire is originally dimmable or not. The LED luminaire driving circuit is further configured to receive a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal and to control a magnitude of the output DC voltage in response to the PWM signal. The supplied voltage control circuit comprises a relay switch configured to sense the dimming signal, to control switching between a line voltage from AC mains and the output DC voltage to operate the external LED luminaire without operational ambiguity.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) lamp comprising a normally-operated portion and an emergency-operated portion is used to replace a luminaire operated only in a normal mode with alternate-current (AC) mains. The normally-operated portion comprises a fly-back converter whereas the emergency-operated portion comprises a rechargeable battery, a bidirectional circuit, a boost converter, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a control circuit. The linear LED lamp can auto-switch from the normal mode to an emergency mode according to availability of the AC mains and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The bidirectional circuit is configured to convey a forward electric current and a reverse electric current to and from the rechargeable battery, respectively. The self-diagnostic circuit is configured to provide multiple sequences and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to the multiple sequences. During an auto-evaluation period, a terminal voltage on the rechargeable battery is examined with test results displayed in a status indicator.
An LED lamp includes an elongated housing, LED arrays, a rechargeable battery, a controller circuit, two drivers, a charging circuit, and a battery backup user interface. The first driver converts an external power to drive the LED array whereas the second driver draws power from the rechargeable battery to drive the LED arrays during power outage. The charging circuit charges the rechargeable battery during normal operation. The battery backup user interface includes a battery charging indicator indicating the charging status of the rechargeable battery. The battery backup user interface also includes a battery shutoff switch configured to allow a user to enable or disable the rechargeable battery. In some cases, the battery backup user interface further includes a test button configured to allow the user to trigger a test of the rechargeable battery.
A multi-band multi-source germicidal lighting apparatus includes a first light source, a second light source, a first driver, a second driver, and a controller. The first light source emits a light in a 190˜280 nm wavelength range whereas the second light source emits a light in a 315˜420 nm wavelength range. The first driver is configured to convert an external power to an internal power to activate the first light source, and the second driver is configured to convert an external power to an internal power to activate the second light source, and the controller is configured to toggle the operation of the apparatus between a safe sanitation mode and a full sanitation mode. Optionally, a third light source emitting a visible light and a third driver are used for providing general lighting during the safe sanitation mode.
G06F 3/0346 - Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user; Accessories therefor with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
A germicidal lighting apparatus with visible glare includes a first light source, a second light source, a first driver, a second driver, and a controller. The first light source emits a light in a 180˜280 nm wavelength range and the second light source emits a light in a visible wavelength range greater than 400 nm. The second light source is positioned adjacent to the first light source and serves as a visible glare source to deter an occupant from looking at the apparatus directly. The controller can turn on both the first light source and the second light source simultaneously to produce a unified glare rating (UGR) greater than 16. The apparatus dispenses over a prorated 8-hour period an irradiation dosage greater than American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)-specified Eye Threshold Limit Values (TLV) but less than ACGIH-specified Skin TLV to a substance or surface.
−) of the primary photocatalyst. The self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet is activatable by a visible light and can self-disinfect against bacteria and viruses.
An LED luminaire comprising LED arrays, a buck circuit with a switching portion comprising a transformer, and an LED driving circuit comprising a feedback control circuit is used to replace a conventional luminaire with a severe temporal light artifact. The buck circuit with the switching portion is configured to generate a variable DC voltage with a low-frequency ripple associated with AC mains. The feedback control circuit is configured to feedback a mixed voltage and current control signal to the buck circuit with the switching portion to compensate the low-frequency ripple so as to regulate an LED driving voltage with a ripple-reduced LED current to drive the LED arrays with a flicker-reduced light emission that may protect users of the LED luminaire from possible health hazards such as seizures, headaches, eyestrain, reduced visual performance, migraines, etc.
G05F 1/00 - Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or val
H05B 45/36 - Circuits for reducing or suppressing harmonics, ripples or electromagnetic interferences [EMI]
H05B 45/12 - Controlling the intensity of the light using optical feedback
H05B 45/14 - Controlling the intensity of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
H05B 45/375 - Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
20.
Solid-state lighting with adaptive emergency power
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire emergency driver comprises a rechargeable battery, a power supply unit, an LED driving circuit, a first control circuit, and a second control circuit. The LED driving circuit and the power supply unit each comprises a scalable power control scheme respectively configured to drive external LED arrays with different power levels when the alternate-current (AC) mains are unavailable and to power the first control circuit and to charge the rechargeable battery with different capacity when the AC mains are available. The second control circuit comprises two switches configured to control discharging and charging of the rechargeable battery. The second control circuit further comprises a relay switch circuit configured to control either a first LED driving current from the LED driving circuit or a second LED driving current from an external power supply unit to drive the external LED arrays without crosstalk.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H05B 45/14 - Controlling the intensity of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
H05B 45/12 - Controlling the intensity of the light using optical feedback
H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
A lighting device that comprises a housing, a first visible light source, a second visible light source, an air filter, an airway, and an air circulation mechanism for each airway. The first visible light source contributes to the light output of the device, whereas the second visible light source is responsible for germicidal irradiation by activating a visible-light activatable photocatalytic coating on the air filter. The airway has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air circulation mechanism sucks an ambient air through the air inlet, forces the air through the air filter, and releases the air through the air outlet. The air filter traps airborne particles. The second visible light source is disposed adjacent to the air filter and activates a photocatalyst material in the antiviral photocatalytic coating. Airborne microbials trapped by the air filter are decomposed by the activated photocatalyst material in the antiviral photocatalytic coating.
F21K 9/237 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with a single fitting for each light source, e.g. for substitution of incandescent lamps with bayonet or threaded fittings - Details of housings or cases, i.e. the parts between the light-generating element and the bases; Arrangement of components within housings or cases
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprises an emergency-operated portion comprising a rechargeable battery with a terminal voltage, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a node modulator-demodulator (MODEM). The LED luminaire can auto-switch from a normal power to an emergency power according to availability of the normal power and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises a data memory and is configured to initiate self-diagnostic tests and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to test schedules with the terminal voltage examined and test results stored and integrated in the data memory. The LED luminaire further comprises a remote controller configured to initiate control signals with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted and to collect test data to and from the node MODEM. The node MODEM is configured to demodulate the PSK signals and to send commands to the self-diagnostic circuit to request responses accordingly.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H05B 45/50 - Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
An LED luminaire emergency driver comprises a rechargeable battery, a charger circuit, an LED driving circuit, and a charging and discharging control circuit. The LED luminaire emergency driver is intended to automatically supply a first supplied voltage to drive LED arrays in an event of a normal power failure. The LED driving circuit is configured to convert a terminal voltage from the rechargeable battery into the first supplied voltage when a line voltage from AC mains is unavailable. The charging and discharging control circuit comprises a relay switch and a transistor circuit assembly configured to sense a charging voltage, to control switching between normal power and an emergency power to operate the LED arrays, and to meet regulatory requirements without operational ambiguity and safety issues.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H05B 45/14 - Controlling the intensity of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
A circadian entrainment enhancement device includes a housing, a first directional light source, a second directional light source, and a driver. During daytime, the driver turns on the first directional light source with a high melanopic ratio to enhance the daytime circadian entrainment of a user. During nighttime, the driver turns on the second directional light source with a low melanopic ratio to enhance the nighttime circadian entrainment of a user. A more advanced version of the present disclosure uses a light sensor, a memory module, and a computation module to calculate the necessary light output of the device by factoring the ambient light level into consideration. An even more advanced version of the present disclosure uses a distance sensor to adjust the light level of the light sources according to the distance between the device and the user.
An emergency lighting and power system comprises a rechargeable battery, an LED driving circuit, and a charging and discharging control circuit. The emergency lighting and power system is intended to automatically supply illumination or power or both in an event of failure of normal power supply. The LED driving circuit is configured to convert a terminal voltage from the rechargeable battery into an AC voltage to operate a luminaire when a line voltage from AC mains is unavailable. The charging and discharging control circuit comprises at least two relay switches configured to sense a loss of normal power supply, to switch between normal power and an emergency power to operate the luminaire in proper situations, and to meet regulatory requirements without operational ambiguity and safety issues.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprising an emergency-operated portion is used to replace a luminaire operated only in a normal mode with alternate-current (AC) mains. The emergency-operated portion comprises a rechargeable battery with a terminal voltage, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a transceiver circuit. The LED luminaire can auto-switch from the normal mode to an emergency mode or the other way around according to availability of the AC mains and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises timers and is configured to provide sequences and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to the sequences with the terminal voltage examined and test results stored. The LED luminaire further comprises a remote controller. When the remote control signals are initiated by the remote controller with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted, the transceiver circuit can demodulate such PSK signals and subsequently send commands to the self-diagnostic circuit to request responses accordingly.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H05B 45/382 - Switched mode power supply [SMPS] with galvanic isolation between input and output
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 7/06 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
27.
Solid-state lighting with auto-tests and communications
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprises an emergency-operated portion comprising a rechargeable battery with a terminal voltage, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a node modulator-demodulator (MODEM). The LED luminaire can auto-switch from a normal power to an emergency power according to availability of the normal power and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises a clock and is configured to initiate self-diagnostic tests and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to test schedules with the terminal voltage examined and test results stored. The LED luminaire further comprises a remote controller configured to initiate control signals with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted and to collect test data to and from the node MODEM. The node MODEM is configured to demodulate the PSK signals and to send commands to the self-diagnostic circuit to request responses accordingly.
H02J 3/38 - Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
F21S 9/02 - Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprises an emergency-operated portion comprising a battery, a self-diagnostic circuit comprising a test portion configured to auto-evaluate battery performance, a first controller, and a node modulator-demodulator (MODEM). The LED luminaire can auto-switch from a normal power to an emergency power according to availability of the normal power and whether a battery test is initiated. The first controller is configured to communicate between the test portion and the node MODEM, ensuring command data and test data respectively to be transferred to the self-diagnostic circuit and to a remote control unit that comprises a data-centric circuitry comprising a variety of data communication devices configured to initiate the command data with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted via a principal MODEM and to periodically collect the test data to and from the node MODEM. The test data assembled are ultimately transferred to a root server for further reviews.
G05F 1/00 - Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or val
H05B 45/50 - Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H04L 67/12 - Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
H02J 9/02 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which an auxiliary distribution system and its associated lamps are brought into service
29.
Antiviral air-filtering lighting device using visible light
An antiviral air-filtering lighting device includes an air-permeable lampshade, a visible light source, a driver, and an air circulation mechanism. The lampshade diffuses a visible light emitted from the visible light source and includes an air inlet port. The lampshade is coated with a visible-light activatable antiviral photocatalytic coating. The visible light source is disposed inside the lampshade to shine its light through the lampshade to activate the visible-light activatable antiviral photocatalytic coating on the lampshade. The air circulation mechanism sucks an ambient air from outside the lighting device, and forces the air through the lampshade. The lampshade traps airborne microbials on the surface having the visible-light activatable antiviral photocatalytic coating. A light emitted by the first visible light source activates a photocatalyst material in the visible-light activatable antiviral photocatalytic coating, and the airborne microbials trapped by the air filter are killed or deactivated by the activated photocatalyst material.
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprises an emergency-operated portion comprising a rechargeable battery with a terminal voltage, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a node modulator-demodulator (MODEM). The LED luminaire can auto-switch from a normal power to an emergency power according to availability of the normal power and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises a clock and is configured to initiate self-diagnostic tests and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to test schedules with the terminal voltage examined and each of test results sent to a remote control unit that comprises a data-centric circuitry comprising a variety of data communication devices configured to initiate command data with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted via a principal MODEM and to periodically collect each of test data to and from the node MODEM. The test data assembled are ultimately transferred to a root server for further reviews.
H05B 45/50 - Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02M 7/06 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
An anti-bacterial lighting device includes a translucent housing, a first light source, a second light source, an air-inflow port, and an air circulation mechanism. The translucent housing is air-permeable and coated with an anti-bacterial photocatalyst on its surface. The first light source is a visible light source emitting a visible light with a spectral power distribution (SPD)>95% in a visible light wavelength range (>400 nm). The second light source is a far-UVC light source emitting a non-visible light with an SPD>90% in a 200 nm˜230 nm wavelength range. The lights of the first light source and the second light source shine through the translucent housing and activates the anti-bacterial photocatalyst on the housing. The air circulation mechanism sucks an ambient air into the housing through the air-inflow port and forces the air out through the air-permeable housing.
B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
B01D 46/00 - Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
B01J 21/06 - Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
B01J 19/12 - Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
A lighting device that comprises a housing, two light sources, at least one airway, an air filter in each airway, and an air circulation mechanism for each airway. The air filter is coated with an antiviral photocatalytic coating. The first light source contributes to the light output of the device, whereas the second light source activates the photocatalyst material in the antiviral photocatalytic coating on the air filter. As the air circulation mechanism forces the air through the air filter, the airborne microbials are trapped on the surface of the air filter, and subsequently killed and decomposed by the photocatalyst material in the antiviral photocatalytic coating. With different embodiments, the present disclosure transforms the regular lighting equipment to antiviral air-filtering equipment and brings wellness lighting to the daily life.
F24F 3/16 - Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by ozonisation
F21V 33/00 - Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
F21V 23/00 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprising an emergency-operated portion is used to replace a luminaire operated only with alternate-current (AC) mains. The emergency-operated portion comprises a rechargeable battery with a terminal voltage, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a transceiver circuit. The LED luminaire can auto-switch from the AC mains to an emergency power or the other way around according to availability of the AC mains and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises a clock and is configured to initiate self-diagnostic tests and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to test schedules with the terminal voltage examined and test results stored. The LED luminaire further comprises a remote controller configured to initiate remote control signals with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted. The transceiver circuit is configured to demodulate such PSK signals and send commands to the self-diagnostic circuit to request responses accordingly.
H02H 7/20 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from norm for electronic equipment
H05B 45/357 - Driver circuits specially adapted for retrofit LED light sources
H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
H05B 45/382 - Switched mode power supply [SMPS] with galvanic isolation between input and output
H05B 45/355 - Power factor correction [PFC]; Reactive power compensation
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire controller comprising a transceiver circuit, a power converter circuit, and a control circuit is adopted to convert remote control signals into a pulse-width modulation (PWM) signal and a controllable DC voltage to operate an external LED luminaire by turning it on and off and controlling its luminous intensity. The LED luminaire controller further comprises a remote controller. When the remote control signals are initiated by the remote controller with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted, the transceiver circuit can demodulate such PSK signals and subsequently send the PWM signal, the controllable DC voltage, and a metering command to the control circuit to request responses accordingly.
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprising LED arrays, a transceiver circuit, a voltage converter circuit, and a control circuit is adopted to convert remote control signals into PWM signals to operate the voltage converter circuit, controlling luminous intensity and color temperature of the LED luminaire. The LED luminaire further comprises a remote controller. When the remote control signals are initiated by the remote controller with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted, the transceiver circuit can demodulate such PSK signals and subsequently send the PWM signals responsive to decoded commands to control the voltage converter circuit to turn the LED arrays on and off, to tune the LED arrays up and down, and to dim the LED arrays up and down.
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire control system comprising a control circuit is adopted to provide remote control signals to operate an external luminaire that comprises LED arrays and a power supply. The LED luminaire control system further comprises a relay switch, a remote controller, and a transceiver circuit. When the remote control signals are initiated by the remote controller with phase-shift keying (PSK) signals transmitted, the transceiver circuit can demodulate such PSK signals and subsequently send decoded commands to the LED luminaire control system to control the luminaire by turning on and off and dimming up and down the external luminaire.
G05F 1/00 - Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or val
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire control system comprising a rechargeable battery and a control and test circuit is adopted to provide an emergency power to operate a luminaire that works only in alternate-current (AC) mains. The luminaire comprises LED arrays and a power supply. The LED luminaire control system further comprises a current-fed converter circuit, a control and test unit, a relay switch, a local controller, a remote controller, and a receiver circuit. When a battery discharging test is initiated by the remote controller with a band-pass signal transmitted, the receiver circuit can detect such a signal and subsequently send a decoded command to the LED luminaire control system to execute such a test by operating the luminaire without uncertainty.
F21S 9/02 - Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
H05B 47/19 - Controlling the light source by remote control via wireless transmission
An LED luminaire comprises LED arrays, a full-wave rectifier, an LED driving circuit, and electric current bypass circuit(s). The full-wave rectifier is coupled to an external power-line dimmer which is coupled to the AC mains and configured to convert a phase-cut line voltage into a first DC voltage. With the electric current bypass circuit(s) to partially provide a holding current path to cause the external power-line dimmer to sustain a dimming function, the LED driving circuit can provide a second DC voltage with various driving currents according to various input power levels to drive LED arrays without flickering. By adapting switching frequencies and a duty cycle, the LED driving circuit can regulate the second DC voltage to reach a voltage level equal to or greater than a forward voltage of the LED arrays no matter whether the first DC voltage is higher or lower than the second DC voltage.
A luminaire power pack comprises a rechargeable battery, an LED driving circuit, a power setting circuit, a charging circuit, and a charging detection circuit. The luminaire power pack may be used to increase functionalities of an external luminaire connected to AC mains. The LED driving circuit is configured to convert a terminal voltage from the rechargeable battery into a step-up DC voltage and to provide different output power according to power settings when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable. The luminaire power pack may further comprise a relay switch configured to relay either the line voltage from the AC mains or the step-up DC voltage to operate the external luminaire. The charging detection circuit is configured to enable or disable the LED driving circuit in proper situations and to meet regulatory requirements without operational ambiguity and safety issues.
An LED luminaire comprises a rechargeable battery, LED array(s), two drivers, and a power outage detection circuit. The LED luminaire may be used to replace a conventional lamp connected to AC mains for use in emergency. The two drivers comprise a first driver configured to operate the LED array(s) and to manage to charge the rechargeable battery when the line voltage from the AC mains is available and a second driver configured to convert a terminal voltage from the rechargeable battery into a DC voltage to power the LED array(s) when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable. The power outage detection circuit is configured to enable or disable the second driver in proper situations and to meet regulatory requirements without operational ambiguity and safety issues. Furthermore, the first driver comprises a controllable current shunt circuit configured to regulate a charging current to flow into the rechargeable battery.
A circadian lighting apparatus includes a housing, two light sources, and a control logic. The first light source has a higher color temperature (e.g. 5000K) and the second light source has a lower color temperature (e.g., 1900K). The control logic can clamp operation color temperature to a mixed high color temperature (e.g., 4000K) and a mixed low color temperature (e.g., 2700K), and operate the apparatus according to a circadian schedule such that the mixed high color temperature is used for a daytime circadian state and the mixed low color temperature is used for a nighttime circadian state, and the color temperature of the apparatus is bound by the mixed high color temperature and the mixed low color temperature. This apparatus enables a personalize-able circadian light where each user can set his/her own circadian color temperature range.
A61M 21/02 - Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis for inducing sleep or relaxation, e.g. by direct nerve stimulation, hypnosis, analgesia
H05B 47/105 - Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
A61M 21/00 - Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
42.
Solid-state lighting with multiple controls and tests
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire control gear comprising a rechargeable battery and a control and test circuit is adopted to provide an emergency power to operate a luminaire that works only in alternate-current (AC) mains. The luminaire comprises LED arrays and a power supply. The LED luminaire control gear further comprises a current-fed converter circuit, a control and test unit, and a relay switch. When a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable or when a battery discharging test is initiated, the LED luminaire control gear is automatically started to provide a high DC voltage within an input operating voltage range of the luminaire and a low-voltage conversion circuit to control the power supply to operate the LED arrays without strobing. The relay switch is configured to couple either the line voltage or the high DC voltage to the power supply to operate thereon.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H05B 45/14 - Controlling the intensity of the light using electrical feedback from LEDs or from LED modules
An anti-bacterial lighting apparatus includes one translucent housing, at least one light source, and an air circulation mechanism. The translucent housing is air permeable, has as least one air inflow port, and has an anti-bacterial photocatalytic film on its inside surface. The at least one light source is inside the housing, and its light activates the anti-bacterial photocatalytic film on the housing. The air circulation mechanism, such as a fan, is at the air inflow port of the housing. It sucks the ambient air from outside the housing and forces the air through the air-permeable housing. The air-permeable housing traps airborne bacteria and viruses, and the activated anti-bacterial photocatalytic film kills the trapped bacteria and viruses. Moreover, the light shines through the translucent housing while the apparatus is filtering the air and killing the airborne bacteria and viruses.
A circadian lighting apparatus includes a housing, two light sources, and a control logic. The first light source is a blue-enriched light source for stimulating human to a high circadian mode. The second light source is a blue-depleted light source for calming down human to a low circadian mode. The criteria of a good circadian lighting apparatus are identified. When coated with an anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating on the exterior, the circadian lighting apparatus becomes a disinfecting equipment that can kill the airborne bacteria and viruses that make contact to its anti-bacterial photocatalytic coated surface.
H03K 19/20 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits
An LED luminaire comprising LED arrays, a full-wave rectifier coupled to AC mains, a power switching converter, and an LED driving circuit coupled to the power switching converter is used to replace a conventional luminaire with a severe temporal light artifact. The power switching converter is configured to convert a first DC voltage from the full-wave rectifier into a second DC voltage with a low-frequency ripple associated with the AC mains. By adapting switching frequencies to compensate the low-frequency ripple of the second DC voltage, the LED driving circuit can regulate the second DC voltage into a third DC voltage with a ripple-reduced LED driving current to drive the LED arrays with a flicker-reduced light emission to protect users of the LED luminaire from possible health hazards such as seizures, headaches, eyestrain, reduced visual performance, migraines, etc.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) lamp comprising a normally operated portion and an emergency-operated portion is used to replace a luminaire operated only in a normal mode with alternate-current (AC) mains. The normally operated portion comprises LED arrays and a power supply whereas the emergency-operated portion comprises a rechargeable battery, a charging circuit, an LED driving circuit, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a charging detection and control circuit. The linear LED lamp can auto-switch from the normal mode to an emergency mode or the other way around according to availability of the AC mains and whether a rechargeable battery test is initiated. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises multiple timers and is configured to provide multiple sequences and to auto-evaluate battery performance according to the multiple sequences. During an auto-evaluation period, a terminal voltage on the rechargeable battery is examined with test results displayed in a status indicator.
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02M 7/06 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H05B 45/50 - Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprising a normally operated portion and an emergency operated portion is used to replace a luminaire operated only in a normal mode with alternate-current (AC) mains. The normally operated portion comprises LED arrays and a power supply whereas the emergency operated portion comprises a rechargeable battery, a charging circuit, an LED driving circuit, a self-diagnostic circuit, and a charging detection and control circuit. According to availability of the AC mains, the LED luminaire can auto-select to work in an emergency mode when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises multiple timers and is configured to provide multiple sequences and to auto-test battery discharging current according to the multiple sequences. During an auto-test period, a terminal voltage on the rechargeable battery and an LED forward voltage across the LED arrays are examined with test results displayed in a status indicator.
H05B 47/16 - Controlling the light source by timing means
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire comprises a rechargeable battery, LED array(s), at least two drivers, a battery charging circuit, and a luminaire control circuit. The LED luminaire may be used to replace a fluorescent or a conventional LED lamp connected to AC mains to operate in both a normal mode and an emergency mode. The at least two drivers comprise an LED driving circuit and a power supply unit respectively configured to drive the LED arrays when AC mains are unavailable and available. The luminaire control circuit comprises a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit respectively configured to manage discharging and charging of the rechargeable battery. The luminaire control circuit further comprises a switchover circuit configured to manage an LED driving current from either the LED driving circuit or the power supply unit to drive the LED arrays without crosstalk.
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 3/24 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
H02M 7/06 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
49.
Solid-state lighting with a control gear cascaded by a luminaire
A light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system comprising a luminaire and an LED luminaire control gear is used to replace the luminaire operated with alternate-current (AC) mains. The luminaire coupled to the LED luminaire control gear comprises LED arrays and a power supply. The LED luminaire control gear comprises a rechargeable battery, a current-fed inverter, and a relay switch. When a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable, the LED luminaire control gear is automatically started to provide a high output voltage within an input operating voltage range of the luminaire and a low direct-current (DC) voltage to control the power supply to provide an LED driving voltage greater than a forward voltage across the LED arrays, eliminating operating instability of the power supply. The relay switch is configured to couple either the line voltage or the high output voltage to the power supply to operate thereon.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
G01R 31/385 - Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
A light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system comprising a luminaire and a power pack is used to replace the luminaire operated only in a normal mode with alternate-current (AC) mains. The luminaire comprises LED arrays and a power supply whereas the power pack comprises a rechargeable battery, a charging circuit, an LED driving circuit, and a self-diagnostic circuit. According to availability of the AC mains, the LED lighting system can auto-select to work in an emergency mode when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable. The self-diagnostic circuit comprises multiple timers and multiple detection circuits and is configured to provide a sequence and to auto-test battery charge and discharge current according to the sequence. In another embodiment, the luminaire power pack is integrated into an enhanced LED luminaire to support such dual mode operations.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H02M 7/06 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02J 7/04 - Regulation of the charging current or voltage
51.
Anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating apparatus and process
An anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating apparatus includes a chassis and a container containing an anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. There is a means mounted on the chassis for applying plasma-based surface activation unto a stationary surface underneath the chassis. There is also a means mounted on the chassis for spraying the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid on the surface underneath the chassis. A third means mounted on the chassis for shining UV light onto the surface sprayed with the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. Optionally, there is a means mounted on the chassis for baking the surface sprayed with the anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating liquid. The plasma-based surface activation may be replaced with the spraying of a non-photocatalytic prime coating. The equivalent anti-bacterial photocatalytic coating processes for coating stationary surface are also introduced.
B05D 3/06 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
A light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system comprising a luminaire and an add-on control gear is used to replace the luminaire operated with AC mains. The luminaire comprises LED arrays and a power supply with a luminaire DC voltage. When a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable, the add-on control gear is automatically started to provide a control DC voltage greater than a forward voltage across the LED arrays. The add-on control gear comprises a rechargeable battery, a DC-to-DC converter configured to provide the control DC voltage when enabled, and a power detection and control circuit. The power detection and control circuit comprises a transistor circuit and a relay switch, in which the former is configured to enable the DC-to-DC converter, and the latter is configured to couple either the control DC voltage or the luminaire DC voltage to the LED arrays to operate thereon.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02M 3/156 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
H02M 1/14 - Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
H02M 7/06 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
53.
Solid-state lighting with a battery backup control
An LED luminaire comprises a rechargeable battery, LED array(s), at least two drivers, a battery charging circuit, and a detection and control circuit. The LED luminaire may be used to replace a fluorescent or a conventional LED lamp connected to AC mains. The at least two drivers comprise a power switching driver and a constant current driver. The power switching driver is configured to power the LED array(s) and the battery charging circuit whereas the constant current driver is configured to convert a battery terminal voltage from the rechargeable battery to a DC voltage to light up the LED array(s) when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable. The detection and control circuit is configured to disable the constant current driver when the line voltage from the AC mains is available or to enable the constant current driver when the line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 23/02 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being transformers or impedances
F21S 9/02 - Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02M 3/24 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) lamp (LL lamp) comprising a front-end module, an LED driving circuit operable with a ballast and alternate current (AC) mains, an anti-electric-shock module, and a switch control module operates with the AC mains in a single end and double ends and with the ballast in the double ends without any risk of electric shock. Besides, the LL lamp passes an industry required electric shock test when an input AC voltage from a testing ballast is applied in the double ends. Whereas both the front-end module and the switch control module are coupled to a first ground reference, the LED driving circuit is coupled to a second ground reference. When the input AC voltage from the ballast is applied, the switch control module is enabled to couple the second ground reference to the first ground reference, allowing a current returned to operate the LL lamp.
An LED luminaire comprises a power converter, a power switching driver, LED array(s) powered by the power switching driver, and a voltage detection circuit. The voltage detection circuit comprises a first voltage detection circuit, a second voltage detection circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, an optocoupler circuit, and a pair of low-voltage input ports receiving an external voltage. The voltage detection circuit is configured to extract a flyback signal from an output voltage and the external voltage and to couple the flyback signal to the power switching driver. The external voltage comprises a voltage sent from a Zigbee luminaire controller, which comprises a Zigbee module and a meter and control unit. The Zigbee luminaire controller is configured to receive commands from the Zigbee module, to control the LED luminaire, and to measure in response to the commands.
An LED luminaire comprises a power switching driver, an electric current controller, LED array(s) powered by the electric current controller, and a detection and control circuit. The detection and control circuit comprises comparator(s), a voltage regulator circuit, and a pair of low-voltage input/output ports receiving an external voltage. The detection and control circuit is configured to extract a controllable feedback signal voltage from an output voltage coupled from the power switching driver, an output current driving the LED array(s), and the external voltage and to couple to the electric current controller to change the output current driving the LED array(s). The external voltage comprises a voltage sent from a wireless luminaire controller, which comprises a wireless module and a meter and control unit. The wireless luminaire controller is configured to receive commands from the wireless module, to control the LED luminaire, and to measure in response to the commands.
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02M 7/06 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
An LED luminaire comprises a power switching driver, LED array(s) powered by the power switching driver, and a detection and control circuit. The detection and control circuit comprises a voltage sensing circuit, a current sensing circuit, a voltage regulator circuit, an optocoupler circuit, and a pair of low-voltage input ports receiving an external voltage. The detection and control circuit is configured to extract an electrical signal from an output voltage, an output current driving the LED array(s), and the external voltage and to couple an optical feedback signal to the power switching driver. The external voltage comprises a voltage sent from a motion sensor, an adapted control voltage from a daylight sensor, or both to control the power switching driver to offset lighting amount of the LED luminaire to reduce energy consumption in response to changing daylight availability when a motion is detected.
An LED luminaire comprises a rechargeable battery, LED array(s), multiple driving circuits, a built-in test switch, and a voltage pull-down circuit. The multiple driving circuits comprise a charging circuit configured to charge the rechargeable battery, a first driving circuit configured to convert a DC voltage from the rechargeable battery to light up the LED array(s) when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable, and a second driving circuit configured to operate the LED array(s) when the line voltage from the AC mains is available. The built-in test switch and the voltage pull-down circuit are configured to enable or disable the first and the second driving circuits in proper situations and to meet regulatory test requirements without operational ambiguity and safety issues. Furthermore, the charging circuit and the second driving circuit are electrically isolated, no electric shock hazard possibly occurred.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
59.
Solid-state lighting with noncoupled drivers free of electric shock hazard
An LED luminaire comprises a rechargeable battery, LED array(s), noncoupled drivers, and a logic control circuit. The LED luminaire may be used to replace a fluorescent or a conventional LED lamp connected to AC mains. The noncoupled drivers comprise a charging circuit configured to charge the rechargeable battery, a first driver configured to convert a DC voltage from the rechargeable battery to light up the LED array(s) when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable, and a second driver configured to operate the LED array(s) when the line voltage from the AC mains is available. The logic control circuit is configured to enable or disable the first driver in proper situations and to meet regulatory requirements without operational ambiguity and safety issues. Furthermore, the charging circuit and the second driver are noncoupled, no electric shock hazard possibly occurred.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
H02J 7/02 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
A lighting apparatus that includes at least one light source and at least one transparent or translucent lens, and at least one anti-bacterial composite film. The anti-bacterial composite film that includes photocatalytic particles and nano silver particles is formed on at least a part of the outer surface of the lens. With this anti-bacterial composite film, the lighting apparatus retains its germicidal function when the light source is turned off. Moreover, at least 95% of the spectral power distribution (SPD) of the light source comes from the visible light wavelength range (>400 nm). Artificial light sources such as LED can also be used with the anti-bacterial lighting apparatus.
An LED lighting system comprising a luminaire and an emergency backup system is used to replace a fluorescent or an LED lamp normally operated with AC mains. When a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable, the emergency backup system is automatically started to provide a high DC voltage larger than a minimum operating voltage of the luminaire. The emergency backup system comprises a rechargeable battery, a driver configured to convert a DC voltage from the rechargeable battery into the high DC voltage when enabled, and a voltage sensing and control circuit comprising a logic circuit and a relay switch configured to enable the driver and to couple the high DC voltage to two electrical conductors of the luminaire to operate the luminaire, no risk of damaging the luminaire.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H02M 7/217 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 7/06 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
62.
Linear solid-state lighting with a pulse amplitude control scheme
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based tube (LLT) lamp comprises a pulse amplitude control module, a power sustaining device, an LED driving circuit, and LED arrays. The pulse amplitude control module is configured to generate one or more voltage pulses in each alternate-current (AC) cycle in response to a half-wave direct-current (DC) voltage when the LLT lamp starts to receive power from an input AC line voltage and when the half-wave DC voltage drops to a few tens of volts in each AC cycle. The power sustaining device receives the one or more voltage pulses and builds up a DC voltage depending on pulse amplitudes. When an electric shock occurs, the DC voltage built up is not high enough to operate the LED driving circuit and thus to disable the LED arrays, without electric shock current leaking into an electrical conductor of the LLT lamp during relamping or maintenance.
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21K 9/272 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes - Details of end parts, i.e. the parts that connect the light source to a fitting; Arrangement of components within end parts
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 7/217 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
An LED luminaire comprises a rechargeable battery, LED array(s), multiple drivers, and a control circuit. The LED luminaire may be used to replace a fluorescent or a conventional LED lamp connected to AC mains. The multiple drivers comprise a first driver configured to charge the rechargeable battery, a second driver configured to convert a DC voltage from the rechargeable battery to light up the LED array(s) when a line voltage from the AC mains is unavailable, and a third driver configured to operate the LED array(s) when the line voltage from the AC mains is available. The control circuit is configured to manage the multiple drivers in a way that the second driver is disabled when the line voltage from the AC mains is available and that the first driver and the third driver are disabled when a rechargeable battery test is performed, without ambiguity and safety issues.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
G01R 31/36 - Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
64.
Linear solid-state lighting with reliable electric shock current control free of fire hazard
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) lamp comprising a housing, two lamp bases at two ends of the housing, a full-wave rectifier, an LED driving circuit, LED arrays, two displacement sensors, and two pairs of electrical contacts controlled by the two displacement sensors, is used to replace a fluorescent tube or a conventional LED tube lamp. The two displacement sensors and the two pairs of electrical contacts are configured to respectively perform position sensing for electric shock hazards. The two pairs of electrical contacts are operated by using a low direct current (DC) voltage supplied by a power sustaining device. When both two lamp bases are inserted in the two sockets, the two pairs of electrical contacts are driven to make an electric connection from the power sustaining device to a low voltage input of the LED driving circuit and to power the LED driving circuit. Use of the low DC voltage is to eliminate electric arcing that may cause internal fire when used with ballasts and to prevent substantial electric shock current from reaching ground through a person's body when used with AC mains.
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
F21K 9/278 - Arrangement or mounting of circuit elements integrated in the light source
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 23/00 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
65.
Solid-state lighting with auto-select settings for line voltage and ballast voltage
An LED lamp, comprising a first full-wave rectifier, a ballast operation circuit, an LED driving circuit, LED array(s), and an optocoupler, replaces a fluorescent tube or a conventional LED tube lamp in lamp fixture sockets that are wired to connect to either AC mains or a ballast. The ballast operation circuit, comprising two frequency sensitive devices, a second full-wave rectifier, and two or more diodes connected in series, auto-selects an input AC voltage to operate the LED lamp without ambiguity and safety issues. When the input AC voltage is from the ballast, the optocoupler is enabled to disable the LED driving circuit, whereas the LED array(s) are powered by the second full-wave rectifier. When the input AC voltage is from the AC mains, the optocoupler is disabled to maneuver the LED driving circuit, whereas the LED array(s) are operated by the LED driving circuit, pre-powered by the first full-wave rectifier.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) lamp comprising a housing, two lamp bases at two ends of the housing, a full-wave rectifier, an LED driving circuit, one or more LED arrays, at least two proximity sensors, and at least two pairs of electrical contacts controlled by the at least two proximity sensors, is used to replace a fluorescent tube or a conventional LED tube lamp. The at least two proximity sensors and the at least two pairs of electrical contacts configured to respectively perform proximity sensing between the two lamp bases and two sockets in an existing lamp fixture are operated by using a low DC voltage. When both two lamp bases are inserted in the two sockets, the at least two pairs of electrical contacts are driven to make an electrical coupling between the full-wave rectifier and the LED driving circuit.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp comprises a front-end electric shock detection and control module, an LED driving circuit, and LED arrays. The front-end electric shock detection and control module comprises at least one full-wave rectifier, at least one half-wave rectifier, a constant current sink connected to the at least one half-wave rectifier, a signal extraction unit, a switch control unit, and at least one switch. By sending probing pulses to the constant current sink and checking a detection signal in a mixed direct-current voltage from the at least one full-wave rectifier and the at least one half-wave rectifier in response to the probing pulses, the front-end electric shock detection and control module detects and determines if the linear LED-based solid-state lamp is operated in a normal mode or in an electric shock hazard mode.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp comprises an LED driving circuit, LED arrays, a rectifier configured to convert an input AC voltage into a DC voltage, and an electric arc detection and current control module. The electric arc detection and current control module comprises a first derivative circuit configured to detect voltage variations from the DC voltage provided by the rectifier. The DC voltage varies drastically when an electric arc occurs while maintaining intact when the input AC voltage is not affected by the electric arc. The first derivative circuit takes a first-derivative of the voltage variations, coupling to a comparator circuit to determine if the electric arc occurs. When the electric arc is detected, the electric arc detection and current control module shuts off a current return from the LED arrays to reach the rectifier, hence preventing the electric arc from occurring during relamping or operating.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 25/12 - Flameproof or explosion-proof arrangements
F21K 9/278 - Arrangement or mounting of circuit elements integrated in the light source
F21K 9/275 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes - Details of bases or housings, i.e. the parts between the light-generating element and the end caps; Arrangement of components within bases or housings
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp comprises an LED driving circuit, LED arrays, at least one rectifier, and an electric current flow control module. The LED driving circuit comprises a control loop compensation device with a control loop correction signal to precisely control an electric current to flow into the LED arrays. The electric current flow control module uses the control loop correction signal in a way that it detects and determines if the linear LED-based solid-state lamp is operated in a normal mode or in an electric shock hazard mode. When an electric shock hazard is identified, the electric current flow control module shuts off a return current flow from the LED arrays to reach the at least one rectifier, thus eliminating an overall through-lamp electric shock current. The scheme can effectively prevent a through-lamp electric shock from occurring during relamping or maintenance.
A light-emitting diode (LED) luminaire adopts LED light sources (LEDs) and a corrugated light exit window. Light rays emitting at different angles from the LEDs launch onto the corrugated light exit window with numerous light images of the LEDs. The light images are so heavily overlapped that smooth out hot spots with dark spots, an effect of averaging, creating a uniform illumination output. The LED luminaire is capable of averaging white light emissions from a plurality of LEDs, mixing light emissions from various white LEDs at different correlated color temperatures (CCTs), or mixing light emissions from various white LEDs at a specific CCT with emissions from LEDs having saturated colors, rendering a uniform illumination with a consistent intensity or color hue within viewing angles.
A light-emitting diode (LED) lamp using an LED driving circuit, at least two frequency sensitive devices, at least six diodes configured to convert an AC voltage into a DC voltage and manage electric current flows, a switch control module, and a return current switch operates normally with an input voltage from either ballast or line voltages of AC mains. The LED driving circuit may be configured to operate normally only with the AC mains providing a regulated power and a current to LED arrays. When an input AC voltage is applied to the LED lamp, the at least six diodes and the at least two frequency sensitive devices can detect the input AC voltage, control electric current flowing into the switch control module or the LED driving circuit, and complete current returns so that the LED lamp can operate with either the ballast or the AC mains without operational ambiguity.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp comprises an LED driving circuit, LED arrays, at least one rectifier, and an operation monitoring module. The LED driving circuit comprises a current sensing device that is originally used to precisely control an electric current to flow into the LED arrays. The operation monitoring module uses the same current sensing device in a way that it detects an electric shock current and determines if the linear LED-based solid-state lamp is operated in a normal mode or in an electric shock hazard mode. When an electric shock hazard is identified, the operation monitoring module shut off a return current flow from the LED arrays to reach the at least one rectifier, thus eliminating an overall through-lamp electric shock current. The scheme can effectively reduce a risk of electric shock hazard to users during relamping or maintenance.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 25/10 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is over-loaded, e.g. thermal switch
F21K 9/278 - Arrangement or mounting of circuit elements integrated in the light source
F21K 9/272 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes - Details of end parts, i.e. the parts that connect the light source to a fitting; Arrangement of components within end parts
A dimming and correlated color temperature (CCT) tuning lighting system comprises a controller and multiple light-emitting diode (LED)-based lighting devices. Each lighting device comprises a control circuit, at least two LED driving circuits, and at least two types of LED-based light sources. When the controller receives low voltage dimming and CCT tuning signals from its inputs, it generates pulse-width modulated (PWM) dimming and CCT tuning signals delivered to the control circuit and at least two LED driving circuits in each of the multiple lighting devices, which then individually power the at least two types of LED-based light sources to emit a light with a lighting level and a CCT. The controller may be integrated in each of the multiple lighting devices to further simplify system design, ultimately achieving the lowest cost.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp comprising an LED driving circuit, LED arrays, at least one pair of electrical contacts, and a controller, is used to replace a fluorescent tube or a conventional LED tube lamp in an existing lamp fixture. The controller and the at least one pair of electrical contacts are configured to perform galvanic isolation between the controller and the LED driving circuit connecting with LED arrays. Thus an overall through-lamp electric shock current can be limited only from the controller, eliminating a substantial electric shock current flow through the LED driving circuit and subsequently the LED arrays. The scheme can effectively reduce a risk of electric shock and an internal fire hazard to users during relamping or maintenance.
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
An add-on IPS (Indoor Positioning System) controller for an LED lighting device includes a power input port, a power output port, a housing, a control unit in the housing, and at least one data signal receiver in the control unit. A power input of the control unit is connected to the power input port. A power output of the control unit is connected to the power output port. The data signal receiver is configured to receive data from the external data source. The control unit further includes a two-way wireless module configured to send and receive the data between the IPS server and the IPS-enabled end-user device. The control unit is configured to activate and deactivate the power output port to supply output voltage responsive to the data signals.
H04B 10/00 - Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
An add-on VLC (Visible Light Communication) controller for an LED lighting device includes a power input port, a power output port, a housing, a control unit in the housing, and at least one data signal receiver in the control unit. A power input of the control unit is connected to the power input port. A power output of the control unit is connected to the power output port. The data signal receiver is configured to receive data from the external data source. The control unit further includes VLC protocol engine configured for interpreting the received data according to VLC protocol, and a VLC transceiver for converting the received data into one or more LIBM (Light Intensity Baseband Modulation) modulated signals. The control unit is configured to activate and deactivate the power output port to supply output voltage responsive to the one or more LIBM-modulated signals.
H04B 10/00 - Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
A light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp using an LED driving circuit with an electric current control operates normally for a regulated power from either a compact fluorescent (CFL) electronic ballast or AC mains. The LED driving circuit together with a matching circuit is configured to optimize resonant characteristics of the CFL electronic ballast used and enhance lamp compatibility without flickering, which in turn reduces possibility of overheating and fires due to incompatibility. With a cycle-by-cycle current control and power switching at a constant on-time and varied off-time, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing occasional fire hazards occurred in both the CFL electronic ballast and the LED lamp.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 17/12 - Fastening of component parts of lighting devices, e.g. shades, globes, refractors, reflectors, filters, screens, grids or protective cages characterised by specific fastening means or way of fastening by screwing
F21V 23/06 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being coupling devices
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
F21K 9/27 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
F21K 9/66 - Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction - Details of globes or covers forming part of the light source
F21V 29/70 - Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
F21Y 107/30 - Light sources with three-dimensionally disposed light-generating elements on the outer surface of cylindrical surfaces, e.g. rod-shaped supports having a circular or a polygonal cross section
79.
Linear solid-state lighting with electric shock and arc prevention mechanisms free of fire and shock hazards
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp comprising electric shock and arc prevention switches, thermal protection devices, and bi-pins at the opposite ends normally operates with either an electronic ballast or AC mains. When such a lamp is installed in or uninstalled from a lamp fixture with the bi-pins in lamp sockets, the electric shock and arc prevention switches with double controls can work with the electronic ballast to prevent an electric arc from occurring not only between the lamp sockets and the bi-pins but also between electrical contacts in the electric shock and arc prevention switches. Together with the thermal protection devices, the lamp eliminates any possible fire hazard associated with the electric arc while maintaining electric shock free for installers.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 23/02 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being transformers or impedances
F21V 25/12 - Flameproof or explosion-proof arrangements
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
F21K 9/27 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
F21K 9/278 - Arrangement or mounting of circuit elements integrated in the light source
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
80.
Linear solid-state lighting compatible with ballasts in double ends and operable with AC mains in a single end
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp using a six-diode combination and a ballast compatible and AC mains operable (BA) LED driving circuit operate normally with AC mains in a single end and with an electronic ballast in double ends. The BA LED driving circuit configured to operate in a wide range of input voltages and frequencies, especially for various high voltages and high frequencies associated with various electronic ballasts to provide a regulated power and a current from either electronic ballast or AC mains. With a cycle-by-cycle current control and power switching at a constant on-time and varied off-time, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing occasional fire hazards occurred in the ballast. An additional frequency sensitive device is used to prevent a possible electric shock from occurring for both configurations during initial installation and re-lamping, thus no shock protection switches needed.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 19/00 - Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
F21K 9/27 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
F21V 23/06 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being coupling devices
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
F21Y 105/10 - Planar light sources comprising a two-dimensional array of point-like light-generating elements
81.
Linear solid-state lighting with an arc prevention switch mechanism free of fire and shock hazards
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp comprising integrated arc and shock prevention switches normally operates with either an electronic ballast or AC mains. When such a universal lamp is installed in or uninstalled from a linear tube lamp fixture, the integrated arc and shock prevention switches can work with an electronic ballast to prevent electric arc from occurring inside the lamp, thus eliminating any possible internal fire hazard while maintaining electric shock free for installers.
A light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp (LED lamp) comprising four input ports, two bridge rectifiers, two interface modules, an LED driving circuit, and LED arrays operates normally for an input voltage applied from any two of the input ports without operational uncertainty and a fire hazard. The LED driving circuit is configured to provide a regulated power and current to drive the LED arrays. With a cycle-by-cycle triac switching and current control, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing any fire hazards possibly occurred in the ballast when operated with the LED lamp. With various electrical connection terminals, the lamp can fit and operate in various lamp fixtures comprising two-pin, four-pin, or Edison-base sockets.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 25/10 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is over-loaded, e.g. thermal switch
F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F21V 23/06 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being coupling devices
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
F21K 9/27 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
An LED lighting device with a replaceable driver-control module interface is described. The LED lighting device may include a driver-less LED lighting device, a driver-control module with driver function, and a housing interface on the driver-less LED lighting device to house and connect the driver-control module. The driver-less LED lighting device receives AC from an external AC source and passes the AC to the driver-control module. The driver-control module receives AC from the driver-less LED lighting device and provides DC to the driver-less lighting device to drive LED diodes in the driver-less LED lighting device. The housing interface on the lighting device houses the driver-control module such that, when the driver-control module is fastened to the driver-less lighting device through the housing interface, the driver-control becomes an integral part of the lighting device.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp using an all-in-one LED driving circuit with a power factor correction (PFC) and control device operates normally for a regulated power and current from either electronic ballast or AC mains. The all-in-one LED driving circuit is configured to operate in a wide range of input voltages and frequencies, especially for various high voltages and high frequencies associated with various electronic ballasts. With a cycle-by-cycle current control and power switching at a constant on-time and varied off-time, an over-rated surge current is limited, preventing occasional fire hazards occurred in the ballast. When two shock protection switches are used in two lamp bases in the lamp, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
F21Y 101/02 - Miniature, e.g. light emitting diodes (LED)
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
Embodiments of an end-cap for an LED tube are described. In one aspect, an end-cap for an LED tube may include an end-cap housing, an elastic component, a power connector, and a movable assembly. The movable assembly may include a power pin thereon and configured to connect to an external power source. The elastic component may reside inside the end-cap housing. A first end of the movable assembly may connect to the end-cap housing. A second end of the connecting assembly opposite to the first end thereof may connect to a body of the LED tube through the power connector. The power connector may be electrically disconnected from the power pin when the end-cap housing is pressed. The power connector may be electrically connected to the power pin when the end-cap housing is not pressed.
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H01R 33/96 - Holders with built-in electrical component with switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling
F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
H01R 33/08 - Two-pole devices with two current-carrying pins, blades, or analogous contacts, having their axes parallel to each other for supporting tubular fluorescent lamp
F21K 9/27 - Retrofit light sources for lighting devices with two fittings for each light source, e.g. for substitution of fluorescent tubes
Embodiments of an end-cap with retractable and rotatable pin for an LED tube are described. In one aspect, an end-cap for an LED tube may include an end-cap housing, an end-cap base assembly, a power-pin assembly, and at least one elastic component. The power-pin assembly may include at least one power pin thereon and configured to connect to an external power source. The power-pin assembly may protrude out of a center opening of the end-cap housing. The end-cap base assembly may have at least one power connector one end of which is connected to the body of the LED tube to receive electric power. The at least one elastic components may reside inside the end-cap housing and is placed between the power-pin assembly and the end-cap base assembly. The power connector may connect to the at least one power pin when the at least one elastic component is pressed.
F21V 21/00 - Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
H01R 33/08 - Two-pole devices with two current-carrying pins, blades, or analogous contacts, having their axes parallel to each other for supporting tubular fluorescent lamp
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
H01R 33/96 - Holders with built-in electrical component with switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling
F21Y 101/02 - Miniature, e.g. light emitting diodes (LED)
87.
Linear solid-state lighting with frequency sensing free of fire and shock hazards
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp using a frequency sensing and control mechanism operates normally with both an electronic ballast and the AC mains. The frequency sensing and control mechanism automatically detects voltage types associated with output voltages from the ballast and the AC mains in a single-ended or a double-ended lamp fixture and makes proper management so that the universal lamp works for either case and in either fixture without operational uncertainty. When two shock protection switches are used in two lamp bases, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F21Y 101/02 - Miniature, e.g. light emitting diodes (LED)
88.
Methods and systems of proactive monitoring of LED lights
Various embodiments of methods and systems of proactive monitoring of LED lights are described herein. An LED light monitoring system may include a specification database of LED lamps and drivers, a usage database that records the usage of LED lamps and drivers, a data acquisition subsystem that obtains the identity and the usage data of LED lamps or drivers in use, and a data processing subsystem that calculates, for each LED lamp, its current lumen output statistically and, for each LED driver, its remaining lifetime, and provides replacement recommendations for LED lamps and drivers.
An add-on smart controller for an LED lighting device includes a power input port, a power output port, a housing, a control unit in the housing, and at least one control signal receiver in the control unit. A power input of the control unit is connected to the power input port. A power output of the control unit is connected to the power output port. The control signal receiver is configured to receive external control signals. The control unit is configured to activate the power output port to supply output voltage responsive to the control unit receiving an ON signal. The control unit is configured to deactivate the power output port responsive to the control unit receiving an OFF signal.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp using an AC current control scheme and shock protection switches operates normally with an electronic ballast. Due to the use of shock protection switches in the two lamp bases at two opposite ends, the ballast-compatible LED lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation, maintenance, and re-lamping no matter what the rated power and the brand of the LLT lamp are and no matter whether the electronic ballast is existing used ones that may be incompatible with the lamp or faulty, leading to an unacceptable leakage current.
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
F21Y 101/02 - Miniature, e.g. light emitting diodes (LED)
91.
Linear solid-state lighting with readily retrofittable modular structure
A linear light-emitting diode (LED) tube lamp having a readily retrofittable modular structure enables consumers or manufacturers to readily retrofit the lamp by replacing an LED module or internal electronic control units that include an LED driver in maintenance or lamp upgrade without hazards. The readily retrofittable modular structure includes a core assembly in each of lamp bases for easily securing or removing the electronic control unit through a mechanical securing means, and two sets of connection modules for quickly connecting and disconnecting the electronic control unit with the LED module. The readily retrofittable modular structure may use one bi-pin or two bi-pins to connect to the AC mains via pluggable wire for delivering power to the LEDs. Thus, the LLT lamp using the readily retrofittable modular structure may be configured as single-ended, double-ended, or double-ended with double shock-protection switches and can be cost-effectively retrofitted after initial installation.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state universal lamp using a degenerate voltage sensing and control mechanism operates normally in both single-ended and double-ended linear tube lamp fixtures. The degenerate voltage sensing and control mechanism automatically detects power source configuration in the fixture and makes proper management so that the universal lamp works in any fixtures without operational uncertainty or risk of fire. When used with shock protection switches in the two lamp bases at two opposite ends, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.
F21S 4/00 - Lighting devices or systems using a string or strip of light sources
F21V 25/12 - Flameproof or explosion-proof arrangements
F21V 23/04 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
F21K 99/00 - Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
H05B 33/08 - Circuit arrangements for operating electroluminescent light sources
F21V 25/04 - Safety devices structurally associated with lighting devices coming into action when lighting device is disturbed, dismounted, or broken breaking the electric circuit
F21Y 101/02 - Miniature, e.g. light emitting diodes (LED)
An LED lighting device includes at least one LED light source emitting light, at least one rechargeable battery for supplying power when external power is not available, at least one electrical connector for connecting the rechargeable battery to external power source for recharging, and at least one control mechanism for switching the operation mode of the device. By setting the operation mode via the control mechanism, the LED light device can be used for more than one intended purposes such as regular lighting, emergency lighting, and flashlight.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp using a novel voltage sensing and control mechanism operates normally in both single-ended and double-ended luminaire fixtures. The voltage sensing and control mechanisms automatically detect supply source configuration in the fixture and make proper management so that the linear LED lamp works in any fixtures without operational uncertainty or risk of fire. When used with shock protection switches on the two lamp bases at two opposite ends, the universal lamp fully protects a person from possible electric shock during initial installation and re-lamping.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp having an electrically insulating heat sink that comprises a honeycomb structure is used to replace a conventional metallic one for efficiently dissipating the heat generated by operating the lamp. The lamp further built with a pair of shock protection switches can operate free of electric shock hazard.
F21V 23/04 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being switches
F21V 23/06 - Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being coupling devices
F21V 29/00 - Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
H01R 33/96 - Holders with built-in electrical component with switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling
H01R 29/00 - Coupling parts for selective co-operation with a counterpart in different ways to establish different circuits, e.g. for voltage selection, for series/parallel selection
96.
Solid-state lighting of a white light with tunable color temperatures
A light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state device comprises a color mixing mechanism to dynamically change the correlated color temperature (CCT) of a white light. With different lumen proportions for white phosphor-coated LEDs and integrated red and green LEDs, the light mixtures can be located in any one of eight CCT quadrangles. In practice, CCTs of a white-light can be tuned in a continuous manner. Because all the possible light mixtures on the chromaticity diagram correspond to a line segment that overlays the Planckian locus within the eight CCT tolerance quadrangles, the effect of LED intensity fluctuations that may put the mixture out of white light region is reduced. Also, because the two additional LEDs that mix with the white phosphor-coated LEDs contribute to the overall spectral power distribution (SPD) that substantially matches the SPD of standard illuminants, a CRI of 80 can be reached.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state device comprising a curved surface to hold a flexible printed circuit board with multiple linear arrays of surface mount LEDs provides lighting applications with a broad viewing angle over 180° along the radial direction. On each of the two lamp bases of the lamp, a shock-protection switch is mounted to prevent shock hazard during re-lamping.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state device comprising at least two shock protection switches, at least one each at the two ends of the device, fully protects a person from possible electric shock during re-lamping with LED lamps.
A linear light-emitting diode (LED)-based solid-state lamp having a double safety mechanism that comprises at least three shock protection switches, fully protects a person from possible electric shock during re-lamping or maintenance. One protection switch provided at each end of the lamp is able to cut off power when the associated end of the lamp is not inserted into the lamp socket. A third protection switch can be used to turn off the power from the AC main for additional shock protection.
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