A battery module having a plurality of battery cells (2) which are electrically conductively connected to one another in series and/or in parallel and are arranged adjacent to one another in a longitudinal direction (3) of the battery module (1), so that a cell stack (25) is formed. An end plate unit (4) is arranged adjacent to a terminally arranged battery cell (21), wherein the end plate unit (4) comprises at least two end plates (5) formed separately from one another, which are each mechanically connected to a same side surface (6) of the terminally arranged battery cell (21).
H01M 50/264 - Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
H01M 50/209 - Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
2.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A LONGITUDINAL GUIDANCE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
A method for operating a driving assistant for longitudinal guidance of a motor vehicle. The method includes: performing automated longitudinal guidance of the motor vehicle in a first lane at a relative maximum speed; evaluating a traffic situation in an adjacent lane of the motor vehicle; making a decision regarding an increase in the relative maximum speed taking into account an identified risk situation for the motor vehicle due to the traffic situation in the adjacent lane. A device configured to carry out the method, and a corresponding computer program, are also described.
A sensor with a dynamic data range. The sensor generates sensor values at consecutive time points. The sensor is configured in such a way that the data range is subjected, after each time point, to a treatment corresponding to one of the following treatment options performed as a function of the generated sensor values, wherein the treatment options include:—increasing the data range if n of the generated sensor values are outside the data range during a first time window,—decreasing the data range if m of the generated sensor values are within the data range during a second time window, and—otherwise leaving the data range unchanged. A method for automatically adjusting a data range of such a sensor is also described.
A method for determining at least one system state by way of a Kalman filter assembly, wherein at least one measured value measured by at least one sensor of the system is supplied to the Kalman filter assembly is disclosed. The method includes (a) performing a first estimation of the system state by way of a first Kalman filter of the Kalman filter assembly, a first estimation result and at least one associated first item of information about the reliability of the first estimation result being output, (b) performing a second estimation of the system state by way of a second Kalman filter of the Kalman filter assembly, a second estimation result and at least one associated second item of information about the reliability of the second estimation result being output, the second Kalman filter differing from the first Kalman filter in at least one setting parameter, and (c) fusing the first estimation result and the second estimation result to produce an overall estimation result for the system state, and fusing the first item of information about the reliability of the first estimation result and the second item of information about the reliability of the second estimation result to produce an overall item of information about the reliability of the overall estimation result.
G01S 19/39 - Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
5.
VERTICAL SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENT AND METHOD FOR GENERATING AN ABRUPT END POINT DETECTION SIGNAL DURING THE PRODUCTION OF SUCH A VERTICAL SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENT
A vertical semiconductor component for generating an abrupt end point detection signal. The vertical semiconductor component includes: a semiconductor substrate which has a front face and a rear face, the front face being opposite the rear face, and the semiconductor substrate having first chemical elements; a buffer layer which is arranged on the front face of the semiconductor substrate, the buffer layer having second chemical elements; and a semiconductor contact layer which is arranged on the buffer layer, an active region of the vertical semiconductor component being arranged on the semiconductor contact layer. An etching control layer is arranged between the buffer layer and the semiconductor contact layer, the etching control layer having at least one third chemical element which differs from the first chemical elements and the second chemical elements.
The invention relates to a method for producing a catalyst material (47) comprising catalytically active nanoparticles (47), in particular for electrodes (7, 8, 45) with catalyst layers (30) as catalysts for a fuel cell (2), having the steps of: providing (52) a first starting material comprising a first metal, providing (53) a second starting material comprising a second metal, mixing the first starting material and the second starting material in order to form a reactant material, and thermally treating (56) the reactant material so that catalytically active nanoparticles (47) are produced from the first starting material and the second starting material and the first and second metal are connected together in order to at least partly form an alloy of the first and second metal in the catalytically active nanoparticles (47) such that catalytically active nanoparticles (47) are produced as an intermediate material comprising the alloy of the first and second metal. The content of the second metal and/or the second starting material on the surface (48) of the catalytically active nanoparticles (47) is reduced in the intermediate material so that a product material is produced from the intermediate material as the catalyst material (47).
A micro-electromechanical sensor. The micro-electromechanical sensor includes a substrate and a sensor element that can be resiliently deflected relative to the substrate is described. The sensor element is designed in the shape of a rocker having a light side and a heavy side, wherein the light side of the sensor element has a smaller layer thickness in at least one functional region than has the heavy side of the sensor element. An opening having a flexible stop structure is formed in the functional region. A reinforcing structure at least partially surrounding the opening is also provided in the functional region. The reinforcing structure is at least partially realized by an alternating sequence of anchor segments and connecting segments. The connecting segments have a smaller width than the anchor segments.
G01P 15/08 - Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces with conversion into electric or magnetic values
8.
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING DIGITAL IMAGE DATA
A computer-implemented method of processing digital image data. The method includes: determining, by an encoder configured to map a first digital image to an extended latent space associated with a generator of a generative adversarial network, GAN, system, a noise prediction associated with the first digital image, determining, by the generator of the GAN system, at least one further digital image based on the noise prediction associated with the first digital image and a plurality of latent variables associated with the extended latent space.
G06V 10/77 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using data integration or data reduction, e.g. principal component analysis [PCA] or independent component analysis [ICA] or self-organising maps [SOM]; Blind source separation
G06V 10/774 - Generating sets of training patterns; Bootstrap methods, e.g. bagging or boosting
G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
A method for operating a motor vehicle. A deviation of a current driving position of a driver of the motor vehicle from an expected reference driving position of the driver is determined, and the motor vehicle is controlled depending on the determined deviation.
A computer-implemented method for training an encoder. The encoder is configured for determining a latent representation of an image. Training the encoder includes: determining a latent representation and a noise image by providing a training image to the encoder, wherein the encoder is configured for determining a latent representation and a noise image for a provided image; masking out parts of the noise image, thereby determining a masked noise image; determining a predicted image by providing the latent representation and the masked noise image to a generator of a generative adversarial network; training the encoder by adapting parameters of the encoder based on a loss value, wherein the loss value characterizes a difference between the predicted image and the training image.
G06V 10/82 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using neural networks
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
11.
Internal Combustion Engine with Spark Plug and Prechamber Spark Plug
The present disclosure relates to an internal combustion engine, comprising: at least one cylinder; two charge-exchange ports per cylinder, a first charge-exchange port being an inlet port, and a second charge-exchange port being an outlet port; and one spark plug and one prechamber spark plug per each cylinder.
A method for operating a burner, comprising supplying a controlled quantity of combustion air to the burner, supplying a controlled quantity of fuel to the burner, igniting the air-fuel mixture in the burner, determining a pressure pulsation value in the exhaust gas downstream of the burner and/or in an air path upstream of the burner, and adjusting the quantity of combustion air and/or the fuel depending on the pressure pulsation value. Further proposed are a computing unit and a computer program product for performing such a method.
F01N 3/20 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
A semiconductor module. The semiconductor module includes: at least one semiconductor switch and a capacitor component, wherein the capacitor component has a lateral finger structure and includes a semiconductor substrate, at least two first electrodes, at least two second electrodes. The first electrodes and the second electrodes respectively have identical basic forms and are formed alternatingly next to one another at a predefined distance within and/or on the semiconductor substrate and are configured to be contacted individually from outside the capacitor component via respective contacting regions. At least a portion of the first electrodes and of the second electrodes is electrically connected via respective contacting regions of the capacitor component to respective contacting regions of the semiconductor switch, and the capacitor component and the semiconductor switch are integrated into the semiconductor module.
H01L 25/16 - Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups , or in a single subclass of , , e.g. forming hybrid circuits
H01L 23/367 - Cooling facilitated by shape of device
H01L 23/538 - Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another the interconnection structure between a plurality of semiconductor chips being formed on, or in, insulating substrates
H01L 27/06 - Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being a semiconductor body including a plurality of individual components in a non-repetitive configuration
14.
VERTICAL SEMICONDUCTOR COMPONENT ON THE BASIS OF GALLIUM NITRIDE WITH A STRUCTURED INTERMEDIATE LAYER
A vertical semiconductor component, in particular transistor, with a semiconductor layer structure for forming a semiconductor component on the basis of gallium nitride (GaN) and at least two, preferably three, electrodes arranged vertically one above the other. The semiconductor layer structure includes a contact semiconductor layer contacted by a vertically lower electrode. An intermediate layer for compensating for the lattice mismatch between a non-comprised foreign substrate and the contact semiconductor layer is arranged vertically below the contact semiconductor layer in some regions.
H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
H01L 21/02 - Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
H01L 21/304 - Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
H01L 21/306 - Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
A method is for operating a vehicle which has actuators for influencing a driving behavior of the vehicle. The method includes sensing a setpoint for the driving behavior, in particular a steering angle set by a driver, and depending on the setpoint for the driving behavior, a first pilot control variable is determined using a model for the vehicle. Depending on the first pilot control variable, a second pilot control variable is determined using at least two partial models for the driving behavior of the vehicle, which differ due to the use of at least one of the actuators. Depending on the first pilot control variable and depending on the second pilot variable, a first setpoint for a first actuator is determined. The first setpoint is output in order to actuate the first actuator.
B60W 10/20 - Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of steering systems
B60W 50/00 - CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT - Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit
16.
Apparatus and Method for Influencing a Vehicle Behavior
A method and apparatus is for influencing a vehicle behavior of a vehicle in which a setpoint for a steering wheel actuator of a steering system, in particular of a steer-by-wire steering system, is determined independently of a setpoint for a wheel steering gear actuator, and the steering wheel actuator is actuated depending on the setpoint for the steering wheel actuator. The method further includes determining a setpoint for a wheel steering gear actuator of the steering system independently of the setpoint for the steering wheel actuator, and the wheel steering gear actuator is actuated depending on the setpoint for the wheel steering gear actuator. The setpoint for the steering wheel actuator is determined depending on a target value for influencing the steering wheel actuator.
A method for operating a computing unit including at least one processor core. The method includes: assigning one or multiple application programs executable by the computing unit to one of at least two zones, the zones characterizing resources of the computing unit, which are usable for an execution of a relevant application program, executing at least one of the application programs as a function of the zone to which it is assigned.
G06F 21/74 - Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information operating in dual or compartmented mode, i.e. at least one secure mode
18.
Steering Device with a Steering Sensor Unit for Inductive Detection of at Least One Item of Steering Information
A steering device with a rotatably mounted steering shaft includes an input shaft and a separately formed output shaft, and a steering sensor unit for inductive detection of at least one item of steering information, which steering sensor unit comprises at least one sensor element and at least two rotor elements interacting with the sensor element. A first rotor element is connected for conjoint rotation to the input shaft and has a first portion associated with the sensor element and extending perpendicularly with respect to the steering shaft. A second rotor element is connected for conjoint rotation to the output shaft and has a second portion associated with the sensor element and extending perpendicularly with respect to the steering shaft. The second rotor element has a plurality of fastening lugs for fastening to the output shaft which extend through leadthrough openings of the first rotor in the axial direction.
B62D 6/10 - Arrangements for automatically controlling steering depending on driving conditions sensed and responded to, e.g. control circuits responsive only to input torque characterised by the means for sensing torque
G01D 5/20 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
19.
ELECTROMECHANICAL BRAKE SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, METHOD
An electromechanical brake system for a motor vehicle. The electromechanical brake system includes four wheel brake devices, four primary electric motors, four secondary electric motors, two control devices, and a backup control device. The control devices and/or the backup control device are designed to acquire and/or evaluate sensor data from sensors assigned to the wheel brake devices and/or to the motor vehicle. Each of the wheel brake devices is respectively assigned one of the primary electric motors and one of the secondary electric motors in each case for operating the respective wheel brake devices, and in that, for actuating the electric motors. Each of the control devices is respectively assigned to two of the primary electric motors of two of the wheel brake devices and the backup control device is assigned to the four secondary electric motors of the wheel brake devices.
B60T 8/88 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
B60Q 9/00 - Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups
B60T 8/171 - Detecting parameters used in the regulation; Measuring values used in the regulation
B60T 8/92 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means automatically taking corrective action
B60T 13/74 - Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
B60T 17/22 - Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
20.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EFFICIENT ANALYZING AND COMPARING SLICE-BASED MACHINE LEARN MODELS
A computer-implemented method for a machine-learning network that includes receiving an input dataset, sending the input dataset to a first machine-learning model to output predictions associated with the input data, identifying one or more slices associated with the input dataset and a first machine learning model in a first iteration, wherein each of the one or more slices include input data from the input dataset and common attributes associated with each slice; upon selecting one or more slices of the input dataset, training a shallow regressor model configured to predict residuals associated with the model, create a representation associated with a ground-truth label and a second representation associated with a model prediction associated with each sample associated with each of the one or more slices, determine residuals associated with every prediction of the first machine learning model, training the shallow regressor to compute one or more predicted residuals of the selected slices, generate an optimized model the predicted residuals, determine a modified accuracy of optimized predictions from the optimized model on each of the one or more slices of the input dataset, determine a modified effect of each of the one or more slices by utilizing a difference between the modified accuracy and an original accuracy associated with the first machine learning model, and output the modified effect to a graphical interface.
A system that includes one or more sensors installed in proximity to a machine configured to collect raw signals associated with an environment of the machine, are multi-layer spatial data that include time-stamp data. The system may include a processor in communication with the sensors and programmed to receive one or more raw signals, denoise the one or more raw signals to obtain a pre-processed signal, extract one or more features from the pre-processed signals, classify the one or more features to an associated class, wherein the associated class includes one or more of a normal class, abnormal class, or a potential-abnormal class, create fusion data by fusing the one or more features utilizing the associated class and the time-stamp data, and output a heat map on an overlaid image of the environment.
A venthole of a micromechanical device is sealed with laser irradiation. A micromechanical device has a substrate, such as silicon. The substrate has an upper surface, and defines a venthole leading to a chamber that contains a device, and a trench extending downward from the upper surface and located offset from the venthole. A laser pulse is applied to the substrate at or within the trench. This causes a portion of the substrate located below the upper surface to melt and travel laterally to close off and seal the venthole laterally from beneath the upper surface.
A virtual reality apparatus that includes a display configured to output information related to a user interface of the virtual reality device, a microphone configured to receive one or more spoken word commands from a user upon activation of a voice recognition session, an eye gaze sensor configured to track eye movement of the user, and a processor programmed to, in response to a first input, output one or more words of a text field, in response to an eye gaze of the user exceeding a threshold time, emphasize a group of one or more words of the text field, toggle through a plurality of words of only the group utilizing the input interface, in response to a second input, highlight and edit an edited word from the group, and in response to utilizing contextual information associated with the group a language model, outputting one or more suggested words.
G06F 3/04842 - Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06F 3/0481 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
A system including a user interface that includes a processor in communication with a display and an input interface, the processor programmed to output on the display the user interface including a keyboard layout, wherein the keyboard layout includes at least a keyboard includes a collection of characters, in response to a first input from the input interface, output a first portion of the keyboard layout associated with a first subset of characters of the keyboard layout, wherein the first subset does not include all of the characters, in response to a second input from the input interface, select a second subset of characters, wherein the second subset of characters is from and include less characters than the first subset of characters and the second subset includes two or more characters, and output a character on a text field associated with the user interface based on the selection of the second subset.
G06F 3/04886 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures by partitioning the display area of the touch-screen or the surface of the digitising tablet into independently controllable areas, e.g. virtual keyboards or menus
G06F 3/04842 - Selection of displayed objects or displayed text elements
G06T 19/00 - Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
25.
BONDING AGENT FOR POPULATING PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS, PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD COMPRISING SAID BONDING AGENT AND USE THEREOF
A bonding agent for populating a printed circuit board is described, wherein the bonding agent (10) is in two-dimensional form and is formed from an adhesive (12) which has a firm consistency at room temperature and which shows a softened, tacky consistency at an elevated temperature, and wherein the adhesive (12) in the bonding agent (10) includes an expansion medium (14) that increases in volume at the elevated temperature.
The invention relates to a method for determining a height of a movable device, comprising the steps of providing the movable, in particular portable, device having a first pressure sensor for determining an air pressure of the environment of the device, providing a stationary second pressure sensor in an environment of the device, in particular on a wall or the like, providing a motion sensor, in particular in the form of an acceleration sensor, in the device, determining a motion state of the device on the basis of measured values from the motion sensor, measuring a first air pressure and a second air pressure by means of the first pressure sensor if a standstill of the device was determined as the motion state, a motion of the device having been determined between the two measurements, and determining a relative and/or absolute height at least on the basis of a difference between the measured air pressures.
G01C 5/06 - Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels by using barometric means
G01C 21/20 - Instruments for performing navigational calculations
27.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OPERATING A PARKING ASSISTANCE SYSTEM OF A VEHICLE
The invention relates to a method for operating a parking assistance system of a vehicle, comprising the steps of: determining a position of the vehicle using at least one position sensor (10) and at least one other sensor (12, 14, 16, 20), in particular a camera, radar, other sensors or a map; and activating or deactivating the parking assistance system of the vehicle using the position of the vehicle.
B60W 50/08 - Interaction between the driver and the control system
28.
POWER CONVERTER DEVICE FOR CONVERTING A DC INPUT VOLTAGE INTO A DC OUTPUT VOLTAGE, ELECTRIC DRIVE AND CHARGING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING AN ELECTRICAL OUTPUT CURRENT
The present invention relates to determining an output current in an electric drive system operated as a DC-DC converter. For this purpose, the output current is calculated using measured variables such as input current, input voltage and output voltage.
B60L 53/10 - Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
B60L 53/24 - Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
29.
FUEL INJECTOR ARRANGEMENT FOR INSTALLING A FUEL INJECTOR IN AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
The invention relates to a fuel injector arrangement for installing a fuel injector (1) in an internal combustion engine, the fuel injector (1) being designed for the metered dispensing of liquid or gaseous fuel, and having a housing (5) which comprises an injector body (6) and a jacket tube (10) surrounding the injector body (6), the injector body (6) having a fuel inflow (8) and an injection opening (9) for dispensing the fuel. An annular gap (13) is formed between the jacket tube (10) and the injector body (6) and forms a fuel flow path. A clamping device (30), by which a clamping force (F) is exerted on the fuel injector (1), pushes the fuel injector (1) against a contact face (4) in the internal combustion engine, the clamping device (30) exerting the clamping force at least indirectly onto the jacket tube (10). The end face (14) of the jacket tube (10) facing the injection opening (9) is supported on a pressure face (16) on the injector body (6).
A separating system (72) for separating water and recirculation fuel from a recirculation system (65) of a fuel cell unit, comprising a water separator (51) for separating water from recirculation fuel, a collecting chamber (78) for storing water separated by the water separator (51), a drain valve (75) for releasing water stored in the collecting chamber (78) into the surroundings, a purge valve (76) for releasing recirculation fuel into the surroundings, an outlet line (64) for draining the water stored in the collecting chamber (78) into the surroundings, and the outlet line (64) additionally acts to drain the recirculation fuel into the surroundings, wherein the drain valve (75) additionally acts as the purge valve (76) and thus forms a dual function valve (75, 76, 77) for releasing water stored in the collecting chamber (78) into the surroundings and for releasing recirculation fuel into the surroundings.
H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
H01M 8/04119 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
The invention relates to a light vehicle and to methods for navigating using a portable wireless communication terminal (1) and a bicycle screen. One of the methods comprises the steps: computing (200) a first data packet (3) representing map information (5) by means of the wireless communication terminal (1) and transmitting (400) the first data packet (3) to the bicycle screen, and computing (700) a second data packet (4) representing an ego position (6) of the wireless communication terminal (1) by means of the wireless communication terminal (1) and transmitting (800) the second data packet (3) to the bicycle screen (2), receiving a first data packet (3) representing map information (5) from the wireless communication terminal (1) and displaying the map information (5) on the bicycle screen (2), and receiving a second data packet (4) representing an ego position (6) of the wireless communication terminal (1) from the wireless communication terminal (1) and displaying the ego position (6) on the bicycle screen (2).
The invention relates to a method for operating a sensor (10) for detecting at least one property of a measurement gas in a measurement gas chamber, comprising the following steps: heating the sensor element (12) by means of a heating element (42), detecting an electrical resistance of a Nernst cell (40) and generating a signal indicating the resistance of the Nernst cell (40), detecting an electrical resistance of a pump cell (36) and generating a signal indicating the resistance of the pump cell (36), evaluating a temporal profile of the signals indicating the resistance of the pump cell (36) and Nernst cell (40). A check is made here to ascertain whether the signal indicating the resistance of the pump cell (36) and/or Nernst cell (40) falls below a resistance threshold value. If the evaluation reveals that the signal indicating the resistance of the Nernst cell (40) does not fall below the resistance threshold value, but the signal indicating the resistance of the pump cell (36) has already fallen below the resistance threshold value, a temperature of the sensor element (12) is controlled on the basis of the signal indicating the resistance of the pump cell (36). If the signal indicating the resistance of the Nernst cell (40) still falls below the resistance threshold value before the diagnosis of line interruptions is enabled, regular heating operation is carried out by means of temperature control on the basis of the resistance of the Nernst cell (40).
The invention relates to a wiper blade (10), in particular for a motor vehicle. The wiper blade comprises at least one support element (23) with at least one spring strip (16) and a wiper strip (12). According to the invention, a replaceable element (24) is provided, which comprises the wiper strip (12) and a stabilizing element (14), and the stabilizing element (14) is detachably fastened to the support element (23).
A method for operating a brake system of a vehicle comprises detecting a stroke of a brake actuation device, generating a braking request signal, which represents a target braking torque, based on the detected stroke of the brake actuation device or based on an external brake actuation signal, generating a braking torque corresponding to the target braking torque based on the braking request signal exclusively by operating an electric machine as a generator, determining a change in the stroke of the brake actuation device and, in response to a reduced stroke of the brake actuation device, carrying out a pressure build-up avoidance process on at least one wheel brake of a braking circuit, which wheel brake is connected via a supply line to a main brake cylinder that can be actuated by an actuator based on the braking request signal and is connected via a discharge line to a pressure accumulator. An outlet valve arranged in the discharge line between the wheel brake and the pressure accumulator is closed or, if the outlet valve is in the closed state, the outlet valve is kept closed, a high-pressure switching valve, which is arranged in a return line connecting the pressure accumulator to the hydraulic pressure generation device, is opened, and hydraulic fluid is returned from the pressure accumulator through the return line to the main brake cylinder, wherein the actuator actuates the main brake cylinder based on the braking request signal as a result of the reduced stroke of the brake actuation device such that the pressure in the main brake cylinder is reduced.
maxmax), is in its second starting position, wherein optionally the motor (16) is transferred to an initial operation and operated, during which a rotor of the motor (16) is rotated and at least one motor sensor signal (16s) of at least one motor sensor (16a) of the motor (16) determines, at least once, whether a motor torque of the motor (16) exceeds a predefined threshold motor torque and/or a gradient of the motor torque exceeds a predefined threshold gradient, and wherein the initial operation is terminated if the motor torque of the motor (16) exceeds the threshold motor torque and/or the gradient of the motor torque exceeds the threshold gradient.
11222); and, if the first value and the second value are within their relevant comparison value ranges, it is established, as actuation information for the brake booster, that a brake actuation element (22) connected to the driver brake force transmission element is in an unactuated state, the driver brake force transmission element (18) is in its first starting position, and/or the motor force transmission element (20) is in its second starting position.
B60T 7/04 - Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot-actuated
B60T 8/32 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
B60T 13/74 - Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
37.
METHOD FOR ALIGNING AND/OR POSITIONING A LASER MODULE OF A LASER PROJECTOR, LASER PROJECTOR, AND ALIGNING AND/OR POSITIONING DEVICE
The invention relates to a method for aligning and/or positioning a laser module (10) of a laser projector (12) relative to at least one other laser module (20) of the laser projector (12). In at least one step (16), a laser beam (66) output by the laser module (10) is scanned by a micromirror (MEM, 18) over a region (24) which comprises a target (22); in at least one step (26), another laser beam (68) output by the other laser module (20) is scanned by the same micromirror (18) over another region (74) which comprises the same target (22); in at least one additional step (28), a reflection signal (32) of the scanned laser beam (66) and another reflection signal (34) of the other scanned laser beam (68) are detected on the basis of micromirror (18) operating parameters (36) which are detected or ascertained simultaneously with the respective reflection signals (32, 34); and in at least one additional step (38), the alignment and/or position of at least the laser module (10) is adapted relative to the at least one other laser module (20) and/or the alignment and/or the position at least of the at least one other laser module (20) is adapted relative to the laser module (10) until a reflection of the reflection signal (32) of the laser beam (66) by means of the target (22) and a reflection of the other reflection signal (34) of the other laser beam (68) by means of the target (22) are detected with an at least substantially matching operating parameter (36) of the micromirror (18).
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
The present invention dampens pressure pulsation in a liquid-pressure control unit. The present invention provides a damping device, which is provided in a liquid-pressure control unit that controls braking forces generated in wheels, the device serving to attenuate pressure pulsation and having an inlet port which is connected to a discharge side of a pump, and an outlet port which communicates with the inlet port. The damping device includes: a first liquid chamber which communicates with the inlet port via a first opening; a second liquid chamber which communicates with the first liquid chamber through a communication hole and communicates with the outlet port through a second opening; a first piston slidably provided in the first liquid chamber; a first biasing member for biasing the first piston toward the first opening; a valve element provided in the second liquid chamber and capable of opening and closing the second opening side of the communication hole; a second biasing member for biasing the valve element toward the first opening; and a protrusion which is provided on the second opening side of the first piston, can be inserted into the communication hole, and can be brought into contact with the valve element.
B60T 8/40 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the br
39.
METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING UNCERTAINTIES DURING THE DETECTION OF MULTIPLE OBJECTS
A method for identifying uncertainties during the detection and/or tracking of multiple objects from point cloud data using a transformer with an attention model. The state of the tracked objects is stored in the feature space. The method includes: calculating feature vectors from the point cloud data by means of a backbone, wherein the feature vectors serve as key vectors for the transformer; calculating anchor positions from the point cloud data by means of a sampling method; ascertaining feature vectors from the anchor positions using an encoding, wherein the feature vectors serve as object queries for the transformer; calculating attention weights for cross-attention from the object queries and a spatial structure used by the backbone; determining the greatest attention weights of the transformer for each object query; calculating a covariance matrix for the greatest attention weights; calculating the determinant of the covariance matrix to obtain an attention spread.
A field-effect transistor. The field-effect transistor includes: a source layer doped according to a first type, a drain layer doped according to a first type, a channel layer located vertically between the source layer doped according to the first type and the drain layer doped according to the first type, and a gate trench which extends vertically from the source layer doped according to the first type to the drift layer doped according to the first type and adjoins the channel layer. The channel layer has, at least on average, a lower doping of the second type and a higher doping of the first type in a region that is more than a specified distance from the gate trench than in a region that is less than the specified distance from the gate trench. Methods for production are also described.
A method for determining a movement state of a rigid body relative to an environment using a multiplicity of measurement data sets relating to objects in the environment around the body. Each measurement data set includes a measurement time, a Doppler velocity, and an azimuth angle in relation to a respective sensor reference system. The method includes determining a movement state of the body relative to the environment as a velocity vector and an angular velocity vector in a body reference system. At least one set of conditions that includes a plurality of measurement data sets is created. A function dependent on Doppler velocity deviations between estimated Doppler velocities and the Doppler velocities of the measurement data sets included in the set of conditions is minimized in a regression analysis for the set of conditions. The estimated Doppler velocities are regarded as dependent variables in the regression analysis.
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 13/28 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses
G01S 17/26 - Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse-modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency-modulated or phase-modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals
G01S 17/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
A method for operating a motor vehicle having at least one vehicle communication arrangement fixed to the body. Signals are emitted by a user device, which can be handled independently of the motor vehicle and can be assigned or is assigned to a driver of the motor vehicle, and are received by the vehicle communication arrangement. A distance between the user device and the motor vehicle is monitored on the basis of the received signals. Provision is made for the distance to be monitored during operation of the motor vehicle and for a safety operating state of the motor vehicle to be activated when a distance exceeding a predefined threshold value is detected.
The present disclosure relates to an internal combustion engine comprising at least one cylinder, four charge-exchange points per cylinder, wherein a first and a second charge-exchange port are each an inlet port, and wherein a third and a fourth charge-exchange port are each an outlet port, also comprising one spark plug and one prechamber spark plug per each cylinder.
A method for recognizing a traffic sign by means of a LiDAR system. The LiDAR system is designed to sense an intensity level of a light signal detected in the LiDAR system, the light signal including a plurality of light signal points. The method includes the following steps: a) ascertaining a degree of reflection of each light signal data point from the intensity level thereof; b) comparing the ascertained degrees of reflection with a predefined reflectivity limit value; c) if the predefined reflectivity limit value is exceeded, marking the corresponding light signal data point as belonging to a retroreflector; d) ascertaining a size of the retroreflector from the marked light signal data points. e) recognizing the retroreflector as a traffic sign as a function of the ascertained size of the retroreflector.
A method for parameterizing a scene having a surface, on which at least two objects are disposed, using a camera disposed at a distance from the objects. The method includes: a) using the camera, producing an image of the scene, the image containing image data regarding the objects; b) recognizing at least two objects in the image by evaluation of the image data and assigning each recognized object to a specific object class; c) estimating an object size of each of the at least two recognized objects in accordance with at least one surface parameter characterizing the surface; d) for each of the at least two objects: calculating an individual probability that the object has the object size estimated in measure c); e) calculating a scene probability from the at least two calculated individual probabilities.
G06V 10/764 - Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning using classification, e.g. of video objects
G06V 20/58 - Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestrians; Recognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads
46.
ELECTROMECHANICAL BRAKE SYSTEM FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND CORRESPONDING CONTROL METHOD
An electromechanical brake system for a motor vehicle. The brake system includes four wheel brake devices, four primary electric motors, four secondary electric motors, four control devices, and a backup control device. The control devices and/or the backup control device are designed to acquire and/or evaluate sensor data from sensors assigned to the wheel brake devices and/or the motor vehicle. Each of the wheel brake devices is respectively assigned one of the primary electric motors and one of the secondary electric motors in each case for operating the respective wheel brake devices. For actuating the electric motors, each of the control devices is respectively assigned to one of the primary electric motors of one of the wheel brake devices and the backup control device is assigned to the four secondary electric motors of the wheel brake devices.
B60T 8/88 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
B60Q 9/00 - Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups
B60T 8/171 - Detecting parameters used in the regulation; Measuring values used in the regulation
B60T 8/92 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means automatically taking corrective action
B60T 13/74 - Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
B60T 17/22 - Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
47.
DIGITAL SHADOWS FOR REMOTE ATTESTATION OF VEHICLE SOFTWARE
Systems and methods for performing vehicle software attestation. One system includes an electronic control unit (ECU) master included in a vehicle and a verifier system. The ECU master receives a digital shadow request generated by the verifier system and generates a digital shadow. The digital shadow is based on a unique, one-way identifier of a program memory space of the ECU master and a unique, one-way identifier of a program memory space of each of a plurality of other ECUs included in the vehicle. The ECU master transmits the digital shadow to the verifier system. The verifier system receives the digital shadow from the ECU master as a first digital shadow, receives a second digital shadow from a digital twin representing software installed in the ECU master and each of the plurality of other ECUs, and determines whether the first digital shadow matches the second digital shadow.
G06F 21/57 - Certifying or maintaining trusted computer platforms, e.g. secure boots or power-downs, version controls, system software checks, secure updates or assessing vulnerabilities
48.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A VISUAL ANALYTICS FRAMEWORK FOR SLICE-BASED MACHINE LEARN MODELS
A computer-implemented method for a machine-learning network includes receiving an input dataset, wherein the input dataset is indicative of image information, tabular information, radar information, sonar information, or sound information, sending the input dataset to the machine-learning model to output predictions associated with the input data, identifying one or more slices associated with the input dataset and the machine learning model in a first iteration, wherein each of the one or more slices include input data from the input dataset and common attributes associated with each slice, outputting an interface that includes information associated with the one or more slices and performance measurements of the one or more slices of the first iteration and subsequent iterations identifying subsequent slices, wherein the performance measurements relate to the predictions associated with the first iteration and subsequent iterations.
A cooktop system is configured to detect cooking events during a cooking process performed on a cooktop. The system includes a cooktop having one or more cameras integrated into the cooking surface and a controller that is configured to receive the image data generated by the cameras, process the image data to identify a corresponding cooking event, and perform a response function based on the identified cooking event.
A method for operating an electromechanical brake booster of a brake system of a vehicle. A virtual dynamic brake pressure value representing a driver braking request of a driver of the vehicle is determined in a control unit of the brake booster using a pedal travel of a brake pedal of the vehicle acquired at the brake booster, a clearance value of the brake system read in via a data bus of the vehicle from a brake control unit of the brake system, and a stiffness factor of the brake system read in via the data bus from the brake control unit.
B60T 8/32 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
51.
Microelectromechanical Device for Generating Sound Pressure
Embodiments generally relate to drives for microelectromechanical devices for generating a sound pressure that can be implemented in a microelectromechanical system (MEMS). The movable legs of the actuators are connected to one another by means of connecting elements and form a lateral surface, the volume of which can be changed by the movement of the legs to generate a sound pressure.
A holographic optical element (HOE). The HOE includes a hologram, and an electroactive polymer (EAP), in particular a dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA). The electroactive polymer includes at least one elastomer layer, in particular an elastomer film, arranged between two electrodes, and the hologram is applied to an electrode of the electroactive polymer. The hologram or a holographic function which can be provided by means of the hologram, and in particular diffraction properties of the hologram, can be adapted by means of a controllable deformation of the electroactive polymer. A method for producing such a holographic optical element is also described.
G02B 26/08 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
53.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED METHOD FOR SWITCHING A CONTROL FUNCTION OF A VEHICLE BETWEEN A DRIVER AND AN AT LEAST PARTIALLY AUTOMATED CONTROL METHOD OF A VEHICLE
A computer-implemented method for switching a control function of a vehicle between a driver and an at least partially automated control method for controlling the vehicle. In the method, a stored driver profile is recorded, wherein a state of the driver and/or a state of the vehicle and/or a state of the control method are recorded, wherein a switch of the control function between the driver and the control method is carried out depending on the driver profile and depending on the state of the driver and/or the state of the vehicle and/or the state of the control method.
A method for ascertaining at least one eye state of at least one person situated in a defined spatial region. At least one light beam is directed, in a scanning manner, into the defined spatial region using a light source of a scanning laser feedback interferometry sensor. The defined spatial region has, in the horizontal direction, at least the dimension of a width of a head of the person. A modulation of the power of the light source of the laser feedback interferometry sensor is measured as a function of at least one light beam reflected back by at least one eye of the person situated in the defined spatial region. The at least one eye state of the at least one person situated in the defined spatial region is ascertained as a function of the modulation of the power of the light source, using a processing unit.
The present invention relates to mechanical coupling device for selective rotary coupling of a first shaft to a second shaft. This coupling device comprises the following: - a first rotary member which is intended to be securely rotationally connected to the first shaft; - a second rotary member which is intended to be securely rotationally connected to the second shaft, - a rotationally fixed ring, which surrounds the first member and the second member along an overlap section in which the first and second members overlap; - a locking unit for the rotation of the first shaft by means of the second shaft, and comprising a groove delimited by the ring and an elastic element and a rolling body that are encapsulated in the groove; wherein the rolling body is held in a clamped position in the groove by being pressed by the elastic element in the direction of an opening of the groove, the cross-section of which opening is smaller than the corresponding dimension of the rolling body; and wherein the first member has a release section, in order to allow rotation of the second shaft by means of the first shaft, wherein the release section extends opposite the groove opening, in order to be suitable for coming into contact against the rolling body in order to release it from its clamped position.
F16D 41/10 - Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface with provision for altering the freewheeling action with self-actuated reversing
B62D 1/181 - Steering columns yieldable or adjustable, e.g. tiltable with power actuated adjustment, e.g. with position memory
B62D 1/184 - Mechanisms for locking columns at selected positions
56.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PREAMPLIFYING A NUCLEIC ACID MIXTURE
The invention relates to a method for preamplifying a nucleic acid mixture (30). Said method comprises denaturing (21) the nucleic acid mixture (30) in order to obtain single-stranded nucleic acids (31, 32), hybridizing (22) the single-stranded nucleic acids (31, 32) with chemically modified primers (41, 42), and isothermally preamplifying (23) the hybridized nucleic acids (51, 52, 53, 54) by means of an SD polymerase (61). The invention also relates to a microfluidic device comprising: an element for receiving a patient sample; an element for preamplifying a nucleic acid mixture (20) in the patient sample; and an element for detecting nucleic acid biomarkers in the preamplified nucleic acid mixture (30). The device (10) is designed to carry out the preamplification (23) by means of the method.
The invention relates to the detection of an electric current through a diode which is arranged in parallel with a semiconductor switching element. For this purpose, an output signal of a circuit arrangement is used for saturation monitoring (desat circuit). The output signal is evaluated during periods in which the semiconductor switching element is open.
G01R 19/00 - Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
58.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PROVIDING AN ACTUATION MODEL FOR AN ELECTRONICALLY COMMUTATED ELECTRIC MACHINE AND A MOTOR SYSTEM
The invention relates to a method for creating an actuation table for actuating an electronically commutated electric machine (2), wherein the actuation table provides, depending on an operating point, an actuation specification (uL, αL), depending on which an actuation model can be generated with actuation signals for actuating a driver circuit (3) for energising phases of the electric machine (2), the method comprising the following steps: - measuring an electric machine (2) on a test stand (10) at several predefined operating points and in each case with several actuation specifications (uL, αL), wherein the several actuation specifications (uL, αL) are each selected based on an optimisation method, in particular a reinforcement optimisation method or a blackbox-Bayesian optimisation method, in order to optimise the actuation specification (uL, αL) for the respective operating point; - creating the actuation table based on the operating points and the optimised actuation specifications (uL, αL).
H02P 6/34 - Modelling or simulation for control purposes
H02P 21/00 - Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
H02P 23/00 - Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
G05B 13/04 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric involving the use of models or simulators
The invention relates to a deflecting unit (106a), which is designed in particular for use in an optical system (1a) for a virtual retinal scan display. An image content is projected onto the deflecting unit (106a) by means of a projector unit (16a). The deflecting unit (106a) is designed to direct the image content at an eye (24a) of a user. The deflecting unit (106a) has, at least in part, an uneven profile at least on a surface of the deflecting unit (106a) that is directed toward the eye (24a). The profile is designed such that, when at least part of the image content hits a plurality of defined positions of the profile, the image content is focused on a retina (22a) of the user.
The invention relates to a hybrid eye-tracking device (16), in particular a high-speed hybrid eye-tracking device, preferably in a pair of data goggles (10), for determining an instantaneous eye position, in particular of an eye (68) of a user of the data goggles (10), comprising at least one camera sensor (12) and at least one laser feedback interferometry (LFI) sensor (14, 14'), wherein the camera sensor (12) is configured to determine an eye position from a camera image and wherein the LFI sensor (14, 14') is configured to determine at least one instantaneous speed, in particular of an eye movement.
A sensor system (110) for determining at least one rotation characteristic of an element (114) rotating about at least one axis of rotation (112) is proposed. The sensor system (110) comprises at least one inductive position sensor (120), which is designed to capture at least one piece of information about the rotation characteristic of the rotating element (114) and to output at least one position sensor signal comprising the at least one piece of information about the rotation characteristic, a control unit (130), which is designed to evaluate the first output signal, an inductive speed sensor (152), which is designed to capture at least one piece of information about a speed of the rotating element (114) and to output at least one speed sensor signal comprising the at least one piece of information about the speed, at least one evaluation unit (126), which is designed to process the position sensor signal and to output at least one first output signal (127), the evaluation unit (126) furthermore being designed to process the speed sensor signal and to output at least one second output signal (155) comprising the at least one piece of information about the speed of the rotating element (114), the sensor system (110) being designed to check the plausibility of the first output signal (127) by comparing the first output signal (127) with the second output signal (155).
G01P 21/02 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus or devices covered by the other groups of this subclass of speedometers
G01P 3/48 - Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
G01P 3/488 - Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by variable reluctance detectors
The present invention dampens pressure pulsation in a liquid-pressure control unit. The present invention provides a damping device, which is provided in a liquid-pressure control unit that controls braking forces generated in wheels, the device serving to attenuate pressure pulsation and having an inlet port which is connected to a discharge side of a pump, and an outlet port which communicates with the inlet port. The damping device includes: a first liquid chamber which communicates with the inlet port via a first opening; a second liquid chamber which communicates with the first liquid chamber through a communication hole and communicates with the outlet port through a second opening; a first piston slidably provided in the first liquid chamber and placed on the opposite side from the second opening with respect to the first opening in the first liquid chamber; a first biasing member for biasing the first piston toward the first opening; a second piston slidably provided in the first liquid chamber and placed on the second opening side with respect to the first opening in the first liquid chamber; a second biasing member for biasing the second piston toward the first opening; a first valve element provided in the second liquid chamber and capable of opening and closing the second opening side of the communication hole; and a third biasing member for biasing the first valve element toward the first opening.
B60T 8/40 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the br
63.
CONTROL DEVICE, CONTROL UNIT, DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM, AND DIAGNOSTIC METHOD
The present invention provides a control device, a control unit, a diagnostic system, and a diagnostic method that can appropriately save space in which a device can be mounted in a saddle-ride type vehicle. With respect to the control device, control unit, diagnostic system, and diagnostic method according to the present invention, the control device comprises: a control unit capable of controlling the operation of an apparatus, and executing a CAN diagnosis mode and an output mode for self-diagnosing the apparatus; and a connector unit, wherein the connector unit includes a first CAN pin and a second CAN pin, the first CAN pin and the second CAN pin are connected to a comparator, a detection circuit that detects the potential of one of the CAN pins connected to one of the power lines is connected to one of a first power line and a second power line, the control unit determines whether the output mode can be executed on the basis of the detection result of the detection circuit, and the control device is equipped with a diode that blocks a current flowing from one CAN pin to the comparator and the detection circuit.
G01R 31/00 - Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
64.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING A TRAFFIC SITUATION
The invention relates to a device (1) for detecting a traffic situation, comprising a surroundings receiving unit (2) which is designed to receive first information by directly communicating with a traffic participant (10) in the surroundings of the device (1), said first information describing the traffic situation, a first transmission unit (3) which is designed to transmit the first information received by the traffic participant in the surroundings of the device at least partly to an application server (20), and a first receiving unit (4) which is designed to receive traffic information from the application server (20), said traffic information being based on the first information transmitted to the application server (20) and comprising information relating to the traffic situation.
G08G 1/01 - Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
H04W 4/44 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
The invention relates to a backend device, comprising: a communications unit, which is configured to receive infrastructure assistance data for a motor vehicle travelling in an at least partially automated manner inside an infrastructure, from at least one infrastructure system for infrastructure-supported assistance of the motor vehicle during its at least partially automated travel through the infrastructure, wherein the communication unit is configured to forward the received infrastructure assistance data to the motor vehicle in accordance with a safety specification, wherein the safety specification indicates that infrastructure assistance data of an infrastructure system for infrastructure-supported assistance of a motor vehicle during its at least partially automated travel through an infrastructure must be forwarded unchanged and directly to the motor vehicle. The invention relates to a method for operating a backend device, a computer program and a machine-readable storage medium.
G08G 1/0967 - Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
H04W 4/44 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
66.
METHOD FOR MOUNTING A ROLLING BEARING AND POSITIONING DEVICE FOR POSITIONING A SHIM RING DURING MOUNTING OF A ROLLING BEARING
The invention relates to a method for mounting a rolling bearing (10) of a bearing arrangement (12) in a housing (14) with a first housing part (16) and a second housing part (18), wherein on an inner side (20) of the first housing part (16) a bearing seat (24) for the rolling bearing (10) is arranged, said method comprising the following steps: providing the bearing arrangement (12) with the rolling bearing (10); positioning the bearing arrangement (12) in the second housing part (18); providing and positioning a shim ring (20) on the bearing seat (24); holding the shim ring (26) in the bearing seat (24) by means of magnetic interaction and connecting the first housing part (16) to the second housing part (18), wherein as a result of the connection the rolling bearing (10) is pushed into the bearing seat (24), wherein during the connection the shim ring (26) is held in the bearing seat (24) by means of magnetic interaction. The invention also relates to a positioning device (28) for positioning a shim ring (26) during mounting of a rolling bearing (10).
The invention relates to a method for producing a micromechanical layer structure with a high aspect ratio of a layer thickness (33) to a distance (34) of a first structural element (31) from an adjacent second structural element (32) in a main direction of extent (35) of the layer structure, said method having the steps of: (A) providing a substrate (10) with etching stop layer (20) arranged thereon and a micromechanical functional layer (30) arranged above the etching stop layer; (B) forming at least one recess (36) in the functional layer (30) by etching as far as the etching stop layer (20); (C) depositing an intermediate layer sequence (40) comprising at least a first insulation layer (42), an intermediate layer (44) and a second insulation layer (46); (D) filling the recess (36) by depositing a filling layer (50); (E) planarising the surface of the filling layer (50); (F) etching the intermediate layer (44) by etching access points (70) through the intermediate layer sequence (40) by a first etching process; and (G) exposing the first structural element and the second structural element by etching the first insulation layer (42), and the second insulation layer (46) by a second etching process. The invention also relates to a micromechanical layer structure with a high aspect ratio and to a capacitive sensor and a capacitive actuator having such a layer structure.
The present invention relates to a method for determining a blindness of an ultrasonic sensor (10, 20) of an ultrasonic system, and to an ultrasonic system, said method comprising: a first step for transmitting an ultrasonic signal (30) by means of a first ultrasonic sensor (10) of the ultrasonic system to surroundings of the first ultrasonic sensor (10), a second step for generating a first measurement signal, which represents first ground echoes (40) of the transmitted ultrasonic signal (30) received by the first sensor (10), a third step for generating a second measurement signal, which represents second ground echoes (45) of the transmitted ultrasonic signal (30) received by a second sensor (20) of the ultrasonic system, a fourth step for normalising the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal, and a fifth step for determining a blindness of the first ultrasonic sensor (10) and/or the second ultrasonic sensor (20) by comparing the first measurement signal with the second measurement signal.
G01S 7/52 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/539 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
The present invention relates to the control of a brake system, in particular a brake-by-wire system. For this purpose, in addition to a purely local calculation of the parameters for converting a braking request into an actuating command for a brake actuator, a calculation of parameters by a remote processing device, for example in a cloud or similar, is provided. This makes it possible to relieve the load on the locally required hardware.
B60T 17/22 - Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
B60T 7/16 - Brake-action initiating means for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger operated by remote control, i.e. initiating means not mounted on vehicle
B60T 8/88 - Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration with failure responsive means, i.e. means for detecting and indicating faulty operation of the speed responsive control means
70.
METHOD FOR OPERATING A BRAKING SYSTEM OF A MOTOR VEHICLE, BRAKING SYSTEM, AND MOTOR VEHICLE
The invention relates to a method for operating a braking system (1) of a motor vehicle, wherein the braking system (1) comprises a primary actuator (2) for generating a hydraulic brake pressure in the braking system (1), and a secondary actuator (3) for generating the brake pressure as an alternative in a fault state of the primary actuator (2). According to the invention, if a braking request and the fulfillment of a specified criterion by at least one component of the motor vehicle, in particular of the braking system (1), are detected during an operating state of the braking system (1), in which operating state the primary actuator (2) is in a functional state, the secondary actuator (3) is controlled instead of the primary actuator (2) in order to generate the brake pressure. Furthermore, the functional capability of the secondary actuator (3) is determined by measuring and analyzing the brake pressure which is generated by the secondary actuator (3).
The invention relates to a method for operating a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle (2), using a pedal device (3), in particular a brake pedal device. The pedal device (3) has at least one displaceable pedal (5) and at least two sensors (6, 7) for detecting an actuation of the pedal (5). A driver request is determined on the basis of an output signal of at least one of the sensors (6, 7), wherein in order to detect a malfunction of the pedal device (5), the output signals of the two sensors (6, 7) are compared with each other, and if a malfunction is detected, the vehicle is brought into a safe state. According to the invention, after the safe state has been achieved, instructions for carrying out a functional test of the pedal device (3) are output to a driver of the vehicle in particular.
The invention relates to a brake device (10) for a vehicle (F), comprising a rotor component (RK), which is connected or can be connected to a drive component of the vehicle (F), and a stator component (STK) comprising a magnet device (ME), by means of which a magnetic field (B) can be generated on the rotor component (BK) and an eddy current braking effect can be generated on the rotor component (RK) by means of the magnetic field (B), wherein the rotor component (RK) has a rotational axis (A) about which the rotor component (RK) can be rotated. The rotor component (RK) comprises a first diagonal region (SB1) which is inclined towards the rotational axis (A) by a specified angle (a), and the stator component (STK) comprises a second diagonal region (SB2) which is inclined towards the rotational axis (A) by the specified angle (a). The stator component (STK) and/or the rotor component (RK) can be moved in a direction along the rotational axis (A) by the magnetic field (B), the first diagonal region (SB1) can be brought into frictional contact with the second diagonal region (SB2), and a friction braking effect can be produced on the rotor component (RK). The brake device also comprises a restoring element (RE), by means of which the rotor component (RK) can be pushed away from the stator component (STK) and/or vice versa when an attractive force which can be produced by the magnetic field (B) between the rotor component (RK) and the stator component (STK) falls below a specified magnitude.
B60T 13/74 - Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
F16D 63/00 - Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups
F16D 65/18 - Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together
H02K 49/04 - Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type of the eddy-current hysteresis type
73.
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AN ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE
A method for controlling an electrical power supply system for a vehicle is proposed, wherein the power supply system comprises a fuel cell system having at least one fuel cell stack and comprises a battery system, coupled to the fuel cell system, having at least one battery, the method involving sensing a setpoint output demanded by the electrical power supply system, actuating the fuel cell system to provide a required fuel cell power output and drawing a required battery power output which together result in the sensed setpoint output, determining an instantaneous geographic altitude of the vehicle and/or a planned change in geographic altitude for the vehicle, and selecting a target state of charge of the at least one battery, wherein the target state of charge of the at least one battery drops as the geographic altitude increases and rises as the geographic altitude decreases.
B60L 50/75 - Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
B60L 58/13 - Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
B60L 58/40 - Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
74.
COMBINED CELL-SPECIFIC LABELLING AND ENRICHMENT OF BIOMARKERS
The invention relates to a microfluidic method for the combined cell-specific labelling and enrichment of biomarkers in a reaction compartment, comprising the following method steps: a) providing a microfluidic device comprising at least one carrier substrate for receiving a sample fluid, wherein the carrier substrate comprises at least one microcavity (110), and further comprising at least one electrode arranged at or in the microcavity (110) to generate an electric field designed to trap a cell (510) and/or a primer particle (512) in the microcavity (110); b) loading the at least one microcavity (110) of the microfluidic device with a cell (510) and trapping it; c) loading the at least one microcavity (110) of the microfluidic device with a primer particle (512) comprising at least one primer population coupled thereto and trapping the primer particle (512), wherein steps b) and c) can also be carried out in reverse order; d) introducing an amplification mixture into the at least one microcavity (110); e) displacing the amplification mixture above the at least one microcavity by a non-aqueous phase, so that the microcavity (110) represents a closed reaction compartment; f) inducing cell lysing and primer (516, 517) releasing conditions; and, g) binding the at least one primer population (517) to biomarker regions of the DNA (539) and/or RNA (539) of the lysed cell (510a) for cell-specific labelling and amplification of a biomarker target region (530).
C12Q 1/6853 - Nucleic acid amplification reactions using modified primers or templates
C12Q 1/6886 - Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material for cancer
C12Q 1/6806 - Preparing nucleic acids for analysis, e.g. for polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay
Systems and methods for detecting a failure of a wheel speed sensor. One example system includes an encoder and an electronic processor. The electronic processor is configured to receive, from the wheel speed sensor, a wheel speed, receive, from the encoder, a signal, and determine, based on the signal from the encoder, a positional change of an electric motor shaft of the electric motor. The electronic processor is configured to determine, based on the wheel speed and the positional change of the electric motor, whether the wheel speed sensor is faulty.
A trailer tow assist system including a camera that captures a rearward image of the trailer and its surroundings, a human machine interface that displays the rearward image, an input device that receives user input, and an electronic processor. The electronic processor receives the rearward image, identifies a target-space within the surroundings, determines a vehicle orientation relative to the target-space, determines a trailer angle relative to the vehicle, determines a trailer trajectory within the surroundings, and displays the trailer trajectory and rearward image on the human machine interface. The electronic processor also controls, in response to the user input, the vehicle to follow the trailer trajectory along a centerline of the trailer trajectory.
B60R 1/26 - Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles for viewing an area outside the vehicle, e.g. the exterior of the vehicle with a predetermined field of view to the rear of the vehicle
B60T 8/17 - Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
B60W 10/04 - Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
B60W 10/18 - Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of braking systems
B60W 10/20 - Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of steering systems
G06T 7/70 - Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras
G06V 20/58 - Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestrians; Recognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads
H04N 7/18 - Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
85.
METHOD FOR OUTPUTTING TO A ROAD USER AT LEAST ONE WARNING SIGNAL FROM A VEHICLE OPERATING FULLY AUTONOMOUSLY
A method for outputting to a road user at least one, in particular a visual and/or acoustic, warning signal from a vehicle operating fully autonomously. A gesture and/or an acoustic message from at least one vehicle occupant of the vehicle operating fully autonomously is captured first. In addition, a road user in the surroundings of the vehicle is detected. In addition, a viewing direction of the road user, in particular at a time of gesture capture or capture of the acoustic message, is detected. Following this, the warning signal from the vehicle operating fully autonomously is output to the road user depending on the captured gesture of the vehicle occupant and/or the acoustic message and the viewing direction of the road user.
B60Q 1/50 - Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking
B60W 60/00 - Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
G06V 20/58 - Recognition of moving objects or obstacles, e.g. vehicles or pedestrians; Recognition of traffic objects, e.g. traffic signs, traffic lights or roads
G06V 20/59 - Context or environment of the image inside of a vehicle, e.g. relating to seat occupancy, driver state or inner lighting conditions
G06V 40/20 - Movements or behaviour, e.g. gesture recognition
86.
MICROMECHANICAL DEVICE COMPRISING A HYDROGEN DRAINAGE LAYER
A micromechanical device. The device includes a MEMS chip which comprises a cavity; an IC chip which includes an IC substrate and at least one IC functional layer, wherein the IC chip is connected to the MEMS chip such that the IC functional layer is disposed between the IC substrate and the cavity. The IC chip includes a hydrogen drainage layer which is disposed between the IC functional layer and the cavity.
An injector for injecting a fluid. In injector includes a filter for filtering the fluid to be injected. The filter is arranged in a tubular section of the injector. The filter has a sleeve and a filter body. The sleeve holds the filter body in the tubular section. The sleeve has a securing section and a holding section. The securing section is connected to the filter body. The holding section holds the sleeve in the tubular section of the injector. The filter body or parts of the filter body are arranged exclusively within the securing section.
A method for wireless time synchronization of a first electrical unit with a second electrical unit is disclosed, which can in particular be intermittently wirelessly connected to each other, in particular via a low-energy connection, wherein the first electrical unit includes a first time counter and the second electrical unit comprises a second time counter, and wherein a connection event occurs repeatedly at predetermined connection time intervals. The method includes (a) transmitting a first data packet, by the first electrical unit, to the second electrical unit upon a first connection event, (b) receiving the first data packet and creating a second timestamp based on the second time counter, by the second electrical unit, (c) transmitting a second data packet with the created second timestamp, by the second electrical unit, to the first electrical unit upon a next connection event, (d) receiving the second data packet by the first electrical unit, (e) determining a current time, by the first electrical unit, based on one or more time periods of the predetermined connection time interval and the second timestamp, and (f) setting the first time counter to the current time determined.
A vertical semiconductor component, in particular transistor, with a drift layer and/or an active layer on the basis of gallium nitride (GaN), and at least two, preferably three, electrodes. At least one measuring electrode is formed at a lower vertical level than the at least one other electrode and is designed to be contactable from vertically above.
H01L 21/66 - Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment
H01L 29/20 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only AIIIBV compounds
Methods and systems of using a trained machine-learning model to perform root cause analysis on a manufacturing process. A pre-trained machine learning model is provided that is trained to predict measurements of non-faulty parts. The pre-trained model is trained on training measurement data regarding physical characteristics of manufactured parts as measured by a plurality of sensors at a plurality of manufacturing stations. With the trained model, then measurement data from the sensors is received regarding the manufactured part and the stations. This new set of measurement data is back propagated through the pre-trained model to determine a magnitude of absolute gradients of the new measurement data. The root cause is then identified based on this magnitude of absolute gradients. In other embodiments the root cause is identified based on losses determined between a set of predicted measurement data of a part using the model, and actual measurement data.
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control (DNC), flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), integrated manufacturing systems (IMS), computer integrated manufacturing (CIM)
A computer-implemented system and method relate to object discovery. The system and method include receiving a source image and generating input data by associating each pixel of the source image with predetermined phase values. An encoder encodes the input data to generate latent representation data in spherical coordinates. A decoder decodes the latent representation data to generate spherical reconstruction data of the source image. The spherical reconstruction data includes a radial component and a plurality of phase components. A reconstructed image is generated based at least on the radial component. The reconstructed image is a reconstruction of the source image.
BOSCH SECURITY SYSTEMS - SISTEMAS DE SEGURANÇA, S.A (Portugal)
Inventor
Bastardo, Pedro
Fernandes, Rui
Cannizzaro, Andrea
Henriques, Rui
Cardoso, Nelson
Cruz, Pedro Miguel
Ranzal, Daniel
Da Silva Carvalho Pereira De Sousa, Pedro José
Braga Dias De Aguiar, Susana Isabel
Da Silva Tavares, Paulo José
Guimarães Pires Moreira, Pedro Miguel
Lobato Da Rocha Barros, Francisco
Abstract
A method and apparatus for calibrating a laser range finder of a camera comprising an image sensor and an optical lens defining a camera optical axis, the method comprising the steps of: providing a first flat surface perpendicular to the camera optical axis at a first predetermined distance from camera; emitting a laser beam of the laser range finder onto the first surface; capturing an image from the sensor; measuring a first image location of a laser spot centre of the laser beam spot on the first surface, said first image location comprising a horizontal and a vertical position; providing a second flat surface perpendicular to the camera optical axis at a second predetermined distance; repeating the previous operation and determining, from the measured first and the second image location of the laser spot, an image location at an infinite distance of the laser.
Various aspects relate to a multipart air-conditioning system and to a method for dividing a total energy consumption of a multipart air-conditioning system, wherein the method comprises: controlling at least one internal unit of the plurality of internal units according to a target temperature that has been set; measuring a first temperature at an outlet of at least one external unit and a second temperature at an inlet of the at least one external unit; determining a first pressure value, a second pressure value and a third pressure value; determining, for each of the plurality of internal units, a respective mass throughput and a respective enthalpy change of a coolant using the first pressure value, the second pressure value, the third pressure value, the first temperature and the second temperature; determining a respective power of each internal unit of the plurality of internal units using the determined mass throughput and the determined enthalpy change; determining, for each internal unit of the plurality of internal units, a proportion of the determined power in a total power which is a sum of the powers of all internal units; dividing the total energy consumption of the multipart air-conditioning system among the internal units according to the determined proportions.
The invention relates to a bearing foil (36) for an axial foil bearing (32) for the rotatable mounting of a shaft (22), wherein the bearing foil (36) has a plurality of elastic foil segments (42) arranged distributed over its circumference. Each film segment (42) is connected via a retaining arm (44) to a retaining ring (40) surrounding the film segments (42) around their outer circumference.
The invention relates to a method for electric-motor-assisted pushing of an electric motorcycle (1), comprising: receiving vehicle dynamics data (21), which show a current vehicle dynamics state of the electric motorcycle (1); identifying whether the electric motorcycle (1) is pushed by evaluating the vehicle dynamics data (21); if it is identified that the electric motorcycle (1) is pushed: activating a push mode, which allows a controller (23) for controlling an electric drive motor (5) of the electric motorcycle (1) to control the drive motor (5) in such a way that the drive motor (5) produces a push torque for electric-motor-assisted pushing of the electric motorcycle (1).
B60L 15/20 - Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell system (1) having multiple fuel cell stacks (100, 200) which each have a cathode (110, 210) and an anode (120, 220), the cathodes (110, 210) each being supplied with air via a feed air path (111, 211), and exhaust air emitted from the fuel cell stacks (100, 200) being discharged via an exhaust air path (112, 212), and the anodes (120, 220) each being supplied with hydrogen via an anode circuit (121, 221). According to the invention, inert gas is generated during start-up and/or shutdown of the fuel cell system (1) by exhaust air recirculation and at least one fuel cell stack (200, 100) is inertised with the aid of the generated inert gas. The invention further relates to a fuel cell system (1) that is suitable for carrying out the method or can be operated according to the method.
H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
H01M 8/04302 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
H01M 8/04303 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
H01M 8/249 - Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
97.
FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND OPERATING METHOD FOR A FUEL CELL SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a fuel cell system (100) for converting energy. The fuel cell system (100) comprises: - a fuel cell stack (101) which comprises a cathode sub-system (103) and an anode sub-system (105), - a pressure sensor (107) which is arranged in the anode sub-system (105), - a flush valve (109) for flushing the anode sub-system (105), - a computing unit (111), the computing unit (111) being configured to determine a composition of a gas which is flowing through the anode sub-system (105) by means of measured values acquired by the pressure sensor (107) and to control the flush valve (109) according to the determined composition.
H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell (1) having a recirculation blower (2). Depending on an evaporation criterion, a heating device (3) provides heat in a targeted manner for evaporating water (W) on the recirculation blower (2). The invention further relates to a fuel cell (1) for directly generating electrical energy from hydrogen, which is configured to carry out a method according to the invention.
H01M 8/04089 - Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
H01M 8/04228 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
H01M 8/04223 - Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
H01M 8/04291 - Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
H01M 8/043 - Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
H01M 8/04492 - Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
A field-effect transistor. The field-effect transistor includes: an n-doped source layer, an n-doped drain layer, a channel layer located vertically between the n-doped source layer and the n-doped drain layer, and several gate trenches extending vertically from the n-doped source layer to the n-doped drain layer and adjoining the channel layer. A fin is respectively formed between each two gate trenches, wherein at least two of the fins have different widths. A method for production is also described.
H01L 29/423 - Electrodes characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions not carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
H01L 29/16 - Semiconductor bodies characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System in uncombined form
H01L 29/417 - Electrodes characterised by their shape, relative sizes or dispositions carrying the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
Disclosed herein are methods for identifying physicochemical properties associated with protein corona formation at the level of proteins and NP-functionalization. Further disclosed herein are compositions comprising combinations of particles configured for low abundance protein collection and deep proteomic analysis.
