There may be provided a computer-implemented method. The computer-implemented method includes: i) broadcasting a transaction, by a node in a blockchain network, to a congress pool to join a congress formed of a group of nodes; ii) after the congress has accepted a request from a requester to activate a script, preparing, by the node, a blockchain transaction cryptographically locked with a public key associated with the congress; iii) cooperatively generating, by the node in cooperating with other nodes of the group, a valid cryptographic signature for the transaction to spend the transaction; iv) after the blockchain transaction has been unlocked, receiving data from the plurality of information providing systems; v) determining a centre point for the data received from the plurality of information providing systems; and vi) activating, by the node in cooperation with other nodes of the congress, the script based on the centre point.
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
2.
COMPUTER IMPLEMENTED METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR STORING CERTIFIED DATA ON A BLOCKCHAIN
A method of storing certified data on a blockchain is disclosed. The method comprises generating a first blockchain transaction (Tx1) having a first output (Output 3) containing a first public key of a first private/public key pair, comprising a first private key and a first public key, of a cryptography system, first data related to the first public key, and a first digital signature applied, by means of a second private key of a second private/public key pair, comprising a second private key and a second public key, of a cryptography system, to the first data and to the first public key. The first blockchain transaction is broadcast to the blockchain.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/00 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
A method for blocking sensitive data in a message, the method performed on a computing device and comprising: creating a copy of said message; generating at least one zero knowledge proof, the generating of each of said at least one zero knowledge proof comprising: obtaining a mask bit string which identifies locations of at least one sensitive bit in bits of said copy; computing a public bit string by modifying said bits of said copy by assigning the at least one sensitive bit with a predetermined value; determining a secret bit string which includes said at least one sensitive bit and satisfies a requirement that said bits of said copy are equal to an output of a bitwise logical calculation using the public bit string, the mask bit string and the secret bit string; hashing the copy of said message or a portion thereof to generate an output hash value; and generating a zero knowledge proof using the public bit string, the mask bit string, the output hash value, the secret bit string; removing each of said at least one sensitive bit from said copy to generate a modified message; and outputting the modified message to a recipient together with the at least one output hash value, and the at least one zero knowledge proof to enable the recipient to prove that the modified message is valid.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
4.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING ALIAS-BASED ADDRESSING FOR A DISTRIBUTED LEDGER
The present disclosure provides a method of implementing a payment service for one or more clients for transactions associated with a distributed ledger, such as the Bitcoin blockchain. The method comprises providing an alias for a client, associating the alias with a network in a directory and providing a location for a host computing resource responsible for the payment service, wherein the host computing resource is configured to facilitate identification of the client associated with the alias. The present disclosure also provides a method comprising creating a machine readable resource in a location associated with the payment service, wherein the machine readable resource comprises an endpoint identifier for the payment service, an entry associated with at least one capability supported by the payment service, and instructions and/or a specification for accessing a public address for facilitating transactions associated with the alias. The present disclosure also discusses a method of implementing a simplified payment protocol for clients associated with the payment service.
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
An asset mixing protocol allows a group of participant computer systems to mix their assets using a set of asset mixing transactions created in such a way that a given participant computer system may have input and output addresses included in different asset mixing transactions. The use of quantities derived from an accumulation tree allows the protocol to securely condition the redeeming of the deposit made by the participant computer systems to the broadcast of all asset mixing transactions on the blockchain. Safeguards are provided that protect against a central coordinator or dealer possessing enough information to steal assets from the participant computer systems.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06F 16/22 - Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
6.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING OR ENFORCING PERFORMANCE OF TRANSFERS CONDUCTED OVER A BLOCKCHAIN
The invention provides methods and systems by which an agreed set of conditions governing transfers on a blockchain (e.g. the Bitcoin blockchain) can be generated and enforced. Advantageously, the conditions can be used to specify and influence the behaviour of another party who will be receiving the asset, by enforcing their fulfilment of an agreed set of rules. In one embodiment, a computer-implemented method comprises the step of providing, to a recipient, a representation of at least one rule (r) relating to a transfer to be conducted over a blockchain network. It also comprises the step of receiving, from a sender: a redeem script (R) which comprises the representation (r); and a script address comprising a hash (HR) of the redeem script (R). It also comprises the step of generating a hash (H) of the redeem script (R) and comparing it with the script address. If the hash (H) matches the script address, the sender can use the script address in a locking script associated with an output of a blockchain transaction (TX0) safe in the knowledge that the rules (r) will be enforced in order to unlock the asset.
G06Q 20/02 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
7.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EFFICIENT AND SECURE PROCESSING, ACCESSING AND TRANSMISSION OF DATA VIA A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
The disclosure provides improved methods and systems for processing, storing, sharing, retrieving, writing and accessing data (content) on a blockchain e.g. Bitcoin. The invention may form part of a protocol for storing, searching and accessing the data. In particular, improved efficiency and also enhanced access control permissions are provided. An embodiment of the disclosure comprises the step of processing at least one blockchain transaction (Tx) comprising: a protocol flag; a discretionary public key (DPK); and a discretionary transaction ID (DTxID). These are discretionary in the sense that they are not required as part of the underlying blockchain protocol but in accordance with the present invention. This combination of features enables portions of data to be identified, retrieved and shared on a blockchain, and also to be linked/associated with one another when provided in a plurality of transactions. It enables a graph or tree-like structure to be constructed, which reflects the hierarchical relationships between portions of data, facilitating their processing, searching and sharing.
G06F 21/62 - Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/30 - Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert and users' encryption keys not requiring secrecy
8.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR SECURING COMPUTER SOFTWARE USING A DISTRIBUTED HASH TABLE AND A BLOCKCHAIN
A computer-implemented method (100) and system (1) for determining a metadata M for securing a controlled digital resource such as computer software using a distributed hash table (13) and a peer-to-peer distributed ledger (14). This is a blockchain such as the Bitcoin blockchain. The method includes determining (110) a data associated with the computer software and determining (120) a first hash value based on the computer software. A second hash value based on the data and the computer software may be determined (130). The method further includes sending 140, over a communications network (5), the data, the first hash value and the second hash value to an entry for storage in a distributed hash table (13). The second hash value may be a key of a key-value pair. The data and the first hash value may be a value in the key-value pair. A metadata (M) that is based on the second hash value may be determined (150) for storage on the peer-to-peer distributed ledger (14).
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06Q 20/12 - Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
9.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EFFICIENT AND SECURE PROCESSING, ACCESS AND TRANSMISSION OF DATA VIA A BLOCKCHAIN
Methods and systems are provided for storing, sharing, retrieving, writing and accessing data (content) on a blockchain such as, for example, the Bitcoin ledger. Embodiments of the method may comprise the step of processing at least one blockchain transaction (Tx) comprising: a protocol flag; at least one discretionary public key (DPK); and at least one discretionary transaction ID (DTxlD). These are discretionary in the sense that they are not required as part of the underlying blockchain protocol but in accordance with present disclosure. The at least one transaction (Tx) also comprises a plurality of inputs, each input having: i) a parent public key (PPK) and ii) a signature (S) generated using the parent public key (PPK). Thus, the transaction forms an indexed node in a graph or hierarchical tree of logically associated nodes at least some of which include or reference portions of data. The nodes in such a tree can have multiple parents and/or children. Authorised access to the data is cryptographically enforced. Large, complex data sets can be represented, stored, communicated and identified in a secure and efficient manner over a resilient, peer-to-peer architecture.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
10.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR OFF-CHAIN EXCHANGE OF TRANSACTIONS PERTAINING TO A DISTRIBUTED LEDGER
This specification describes a system and method that enables multiple blockchain users to exchange their transactions before diffusion over the blockchain network in order to blur the link between the IP address of the transaction generated by a user and pot the user's blockchain address in the transaction. The system and method provides a technical solution to exchange transactions directly off-chain. Participants in the method agree to make deposits and alter their transaction in such a way that a refund and compensation scheme put in place automatically relies on the confirmations in the blockchain of the transactions exchanged among participants thus providing increased security as well as anonymity. The method scales for an arbitrary number (n>2) of participants.
A computer-implemented method of testing whether or not a blockchain transaction is a double spend attempt, the method being performed by a first party and comprising: generating a first blockchain transaction, wherein the first blockchain transaction comprises an input for unlocking an output of a blockchain transaction previously transmitted to one or more nodes of a blockchain network for inclusion in the blockchain; generating a signature based on the first blockchain transaction and one or more time indicators, each time indicator indicating when the first blockchain transaction was generated and/or transmitted to a second party; and transmitting to the second party, the first blockchain transaction, the signature and the one or more time indicators, wherein at least the first blockchain transaction is transmitted to the second party via an off-chain communication channel.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A computer-implemented method for revoking access to a first network, wherein the first network comprises a set of bridging nodes and a set of devices controllable by one or more of the set of bridging nodes, wherein each bridging node is also a respective node of a blockchain network, and wherein each bridging node and device is associated with a respective certificate granting access to the first network; the method being performed by a registration authority and comprising: obtaining an alert transaction, the alert transaction being a blockchain transaction and comprising a first output, the first output comprising an alert message identifying one or more bridging nodes and/or one or more devices; and revoking access to the first network by the identified one or more bridging nodes and/or one or more devices by revoking the respective certificate of the identified one or more bridging nodes and/or one or more devices.
A computer-implemented method of generating a second public key based on a first public key using blockchain transactions. The method is performed by a first party and comprises generating an output script of a first blockchain transaction. The output script comprises a public key derivation script configured to, when executed alongside an input script of a second blockchain transaction, generate the second public key based on the first public key. The input script of the second blockchain transaction comprises the first public key. The method further comprises transmitting the first blockchain transaction to one or more nodes of a blockchain network for inclusion in the blockchain.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A computer-implemented method of generating a hash-based message authentication code, HMAC, of a message using blockchain transactions. The method is performed by a first party and comprises generating an output script of a first blockchain transaction. The output script comprises a HMAC script configured to, when executed alongside an input script of a second blockchain transaction, generate the HMAC of the message based on an input value included in the input script of the second blockchain transaction. The method further comprises causing the first blockchain transaction to be transmitted to one or more nodes of a blockchain network for inclusion in the blockchain.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
15.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR CONTROLLING A MINING POOL FOR MULTIPLE BLOCKCHAIN NETWORKS
Methods and systems to control mining pools configured to mine more than one blockchain network. A pool controller may automatically select a candidate block generated for one of the blockchain networks for mining by the mining units. The selection may be based on determining an expectation value associated with each current candidate block generated for the respective blockchain networks and which of them is the highest. The expectation value may be based, at least in part, on a current coinbase value and a current difficulty setting for that blockchain network. The pool control may perform the selection with the generation of each new candidate block for any of the blockchain networks.
G06F 17/00 - Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
G06F 16/27 - Replication, distribution or synchronisation of data between databases or within a distributed database system; Distributed database system architectures therefor
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
H04L 12/16 - Arrangements for providing special services to substations
A method performed in a layered network. The layered network comprises a core layer comprising one or more core nodes, one or more intermediate layers each comprising one or more intermediate layer nodes, and one or more outer layers each comprising one or more outer layer nodes. Each of the core nodes is a node of a blockchain network. One or more intermediate layer nodes are smart contracts nodes providing a smart contract service for maintaining the state of a smart contract. One or more outer layer nodes are client nodes of the smart contract service. The method comprises, by a smart contract node: recording a state of the smart contract in a record of the state maintained at the first smart contract node. In addition, at least a first transaction also recording the state is recorded on a blockchain of the blockchain network.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06F 21/64 - Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
17.
ATTESTATION SERVICE FOR USE WITH A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
A method comprising, at an attesting node of a network: receiving a sequence of data items from one or more client nodes of the network, determining an order of the sequence of data items, and attesting to the order by: including an indication of a respective set of one or more of the data items in each of a series of blockchain transactions. Each successive transaction comprises a respective input pointing to an output of the respective preceding transaction, wherein the output of the respective preceding transaction comprises a locking script, and the input of the respective successive transaction includes an unlocking script comprising a respective signature based on a respective key in a series of keys. The respective signature in each successive transaction signs a portion of the respective successive transaction including at least the indication of the respective set of data items.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A computer-implemented method for connecting to a layered network. The layered network comprises a plurality of nodes arranged in an ordered set of layers. The ordered set of layers comprises, in order, a core layer comprising a set of core nodes, a second layer comprising a set of second nodes, and one or more outer layers each comprising a respective set of outer nodes. Each core node is connected to at least one other core node. The method is performed by a connecting node and comprises connecting to the network according to a connection protocol. The connection protocol requires that each node must connect to at least one node of a preceding layer, and each outer node must also connect to at least one core node.
H04L 12/715 - Hierarchical routing, e.g. clustered networks or inter-domain routing
H04L 29/08 - Transmission control procedure, e.g. data link level control procedure
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
19.
EVENT STREAMS FOR A SEQUENCE OF EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH A BLOCKCHAIN
In a first aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for implementing a platform providing a plurality of services that are associated with a blockchain, using a platform processor associated with an application programming interface (API) that is capable of receiving a client request in a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) transmission protocol format for a service. Further to suitable verification of the identity of the client and/or the request, a destination address or endpoint for the requested blockchain service is determined, and at least one blockchain transaction is generated based on the destination address to obtain an output script. A result based on the output script is then sent to the given client in the HTTP transmission protocol format. In some aspects, the blockchain transaction is associated with an event stream that is implemented as a Finite State Machine on the blockchain. In some aspects, the blockchain transaction is generated to create, amend or terminate an event stream that is implemented using the blockchain, the transaction spending a dust output of a previous transaction and/or having an unspent dust output.
G06F 21/64 - Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
20.
METHODS, DATA STRUCTURES, AND SYSTEMS FOR ORDERED DATA LOGGING
In one aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices, systems, and data structures for implementing an ordered, append-only data logging system. In particular a method comprises creating a transaction of a first type comprising an input associated with a transaction output from a latest transaction in the set of transactions. Then creating a transaction of a second type. Finally submitting both the transaction of the second type and the transaction of the first type to the blockchain.
A method performed in a layered network. The layered network comprises a core layer comprising one or more core nodes, one or more intermediate layers each comprising one or more intermediate layer nodes, and one or more outer layers each comprising one or more outer layer nodes. Each core node is a node of a blockchain network. At least some intermediate layer nodes are database nodes. At least some outer layer nodes are client nodes. Each database node stores at least part of a distributed database. The method comprises, at a database node: receiving one or more update requests from one or more client nodes requesting to update a database entry; and for each update request, applying the update locally and/or forwarding to another database node. At least one transaction including an indication of the one or more update requests is also recorded on a blockchain of the blockchain network.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 29/08 - Transmission control procedure, e.g. data link level control procedure
A computer-implemented method for adapting connections between nodes of a layered network. The layered network comprises a plurality of nodes arranged in an ordered set of layers. The ordered set of layers comprises, in order, a core layer comprising a set of core nodes, a second layer comprising a set of second nodes, and one or more outer layers each comprising a respective set of outer nodes. Each core node is connected to at least one other core node. The method is performed by an adapting node, the adapting node being a node of the layered network that is connected to one or more second nodes and multiple core nodes. The method comprises, based on one or more network properties of the layered network, disabling a respective connection between the adapting node and at least one but not all of the multiple core nodes.
H04L 12/715 - Hierarchical routing, e.g. clustered networks or inter-domain routing
H04L 29/08 - Transmission control procedure, e.g. data link level control procedure
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
The present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for synchronising a plurality of event streams using an atomic blockchain transaction, the transaction having multiple inputs, each spending a dust output of a previous transaction for a respective event stream among the plurality, each input having an unspent dust output and a data payload.
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
In a first aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for implementing a platform providing a plurality of services that are associated with a blockchain, using a platform processor associated with an application programming interface (API) that is capable of receiving a client request in a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) transmission protocol format for a service. Further to suitable verification of the identity of the client and/or the request, a destination address or endpoint for the requested blockchain service is determined, and at least one blockchain transaction is generated based on the destination address to obtain an output script. A result based on the output script is then sent to the given client in the HTTP transmission protocol format. In some aspects, the blockchain transaction is associated with an event stream that is implemented as a Finite State Machine on the blockchain.
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06F 21/64 - Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
The present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for verification of blockchain transactions associated with a platform providing a plurality of services associated with a blockchain to one or more clients.
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
36 - Financial, insurance and real estate services
38 - Telecommunications services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
(1) Downloadable computer software for use in electronically trading, transmitting, receiving, storing, and sending digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets, and managing payments and exchange transactions involving digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets; (1) Financial services, namely, storing and transferring of digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital financial assets by means of an electronic wallet; financial services, namely, conducting an online financial exchange for trading and transmitting digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital financial assets; online trading of digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital financial assets;
(2) Transmission of data for digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital assets via electronic communication networks; electronic transmission of data for digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital assets via computer terminals and electronic devices;
(3) Providing temporary use of online non-downloadable software for use in electronically trading, transmitting, receiving, storing, and sending digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets, and managing payments and exchange transactions involving digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets;
A computer-implemented method of using blockchain transactions to issue one or more single-uses tokens for use by one or more respective token redeemers, wherein the method is performed by a token issuer and comprises: generating a token transaction, wherein the token transaction comprises: one or more token outputs, wherein each token output comprises token data representing a respective single-use token, wherein each single-use token is associated with a respective spendable output of the token transaction, and wherein a respective validity of each single-use token is conditional on the respective spendable output being present in an unspent transaction output set of a blockchain; and one or more inputs, wherein at least a first one of the inputs comprises a signature linked to a first public key of the token issuer; and transmitting the token transaction to one or more nodes of a blockchain network to be recorded in the blockchain.
The present disclosure proposes computer implemented methods, devices and systems for implementing an addressing service for transactions associated with a distributed ledger, wherein an alias is provided for a client among one or more clients associated with the addressing service, the alias being specific to the client. The method comprises the steps of obtaining or accessing a plurality of seed words; for a given alias associated with a given client among the one or more clients, encoding the alias and applying a hash function to the encoded alias to obtain a hash value; extracting a first series from the hash value; and determining at least one seed word from the plurality of seed words based on the first series, the at least one seed word representing a code for the given alias.
A method of managing an overlay network overlaid on data-storage transactions of a blockchain, whereby data content of the overlay network is stored in payloads of the data- storage transactions and overlay-layer links are defined between the data-storage transactions. The method comprises identifying a graph structure of the overlay network, wherein nodes corresponds to different ones of the data-storage transactions and edges correspond to the links. Each node is associated with a respective first key for signing an input of a child data-storage transaction to authorise writing the child to the blockchain. The method further comprises using a child key derivation, CKD, function to determine a hierarchical set of second keys having the same graph structure as the overlay network, wherein the second keys enable an additional function other than signing inputs of the data- storage transactions.
The invention relates to distributed processing systems that involve the distribution of computational tasks to one or more untrusted worker computer systems. When an untrusted worker computer system performs a calculation on behalf of a requesting computer system, the requesting computer system (or other verifying computer system) is provided with information that allows the requesting computer system to cryptographically verify that that task has been correctly completed. After completing the calculation, the worker computer system provides information to the requester that includes a proof and I/O data. The requesting computer system may use a set of public verification key parameters, the proof, and the I/O data to verify that the computation performed by an untrusted worker computer system is correct. In some examples, the calculation performed by the worker is associated with the verification of a blockchain transaction. For example, the verification of the computation performed by the untrusted worker computer system may occur as part of validating a transaction on a blockchain node.
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
A computer-implemented method for generating an identity-based cryptographic key, the method comprising: obtaining a set of private key shares and a set of corresponding public key shares, wherein each private key share is generated based on the personal identifier, and wherein at least one of the set of private key shares is generated by a respective one of a set of key-generating parties; generating an identity-based private key based on each of the one or more private key shares; and generating a partial identity-based public key, wherein the partial identity-based public key is generated based on each of the set of corresponding public key shares; transmitting the partial identity-based public key to at least one of the set of key-generating parties for generating the identity-based public key; and/or generating the identity-based public key, wherein the identity-based public key comprises the personal identifier and the partial identity-based public key.
H04L 9/30 - Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert and users' encryption keys not requiring secrecy
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A computer-implemented method of pseudo-randomly generating winning game elements for use in playing a game. An oracle obtains: a set of seed data items, the set of seed data items comprising one or more user seed data items; and a sequence of first public keys, each first public key representing a respective one of the set of first game elements. The oracle generates an output of a game transaction that comprises an output script. The script comprises the sequence of at least some of the first public keys, and wherein the output script is configured to, when executed, generate at least one pseudorandom number, the pseudorandom number being based on the set of seed data items, and to select a winning key, the winning public key being the public key at a position in the sequence of first public keys corresponding to the pseudorandom number.
A63F 13/75 - Enforcing rules, e.g. detecting foul play or generating lists of cheating players
A63F 13/69 - Generating or modifying game content before or while executing the game program, e.g. authoring tools specially adapted for game development or game-integrated level editor by enabling or updating specific game elements, e.g. unlocking hidden features, items, levels or versions
A63F 13/71 - Game security or game management aspects using secure communication between game devices and game servers, e.g. by encrypting game data or authenticating players
A63F 13/73 - Authorising game programs or game devices, e.g. checking authenticity
A63F 13/792 - Game security or game management aspects involving player-related data, e.g. identities, accounts, preferences or play histories for payment purposes, e.g. monthly subscriptions
A63F 13/35 - Interconnection arrangements between game servers and game devices; Interconnection arrangements between game devices; Interconnection arrangements between game servers - Details of game servers
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06F 21/64 - Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
A computer-implemented method of pseudo-randomly selecting game elements for use in playing a game. An oracle obtains: a set of seed data items, the set of seed data items comprises one or more user seed data items generated by a respective user; a sequence of public keys; and a list of game elements. A total number of public keys corresponds to a total number of game elements. The oracle generates a first output of a game transaction. The first output comprises the sequence of public keys and a script configured to generate at least one pseudorandom number based on the set of seed data items. The script is configured to generate a list of the public keys based on the at least one pseudorandom number. An order of public keys in the list of public keys differs compared to an order of public keys in the sequence of public keys.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
35.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR AUTOMATED DIGITAL CERTIFICATE VERIFICATION
A public key may be recorded on the blockchain by a certificate authority in such a manner that any third party may quickly and easily verify that the public key is certified by the certificate authority and that the certification has not been revoked. The certificate authority may be able to revoke the certification nearly instantaneously, and/or may be able to simultaneously certify a new key for the same entity while revoking the old key. The verification may be incorporated into a new transaction so that there is no gap between reliance on the certificate and the verification of its validity. In some cases, each transaction in which the certificate is used may also serve as linked certificate transaction that renews the certificate to enable a subsequent use.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/00 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
36.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR A CONSISTENT DISTRIBUTED MEMORY POOL IN A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
There may be provided a computer-implemented method. It may be implemented using a blockchain network such as, for example, the Bitcoin network. The computer-implemented method includes: receiving, at a mempool node of distributed mempool network (DMP) implementing a distributed hash table (DHT), a request to update routing information of the mempool node; initializing a set of random walks within a key space of the DHT, the set of random walks used for generating a set of key-value records to be stored by the mempool node; generating a first record in an first table based at least in part on a first identification information stored in stored in a second of a long-distance table type; generating a second record in a third table of the long-distance table type by at least performing a first random walk of the set of random walks, the second record containing a second identification information and an address associated with the second identification information; generating a third record in a fourth table of a short-distance table type by at least obtaining records from a table maintained by a second mempool node of the DMP network.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A method of providing credentials to enable a second party to verify an identity of a first party. The first party is associated with a first public key which is registered with a third party. One or more first credentials are provided to the second party. A request transaction is obtained, which comprises a) an input comprising a signature generated based on a respective private key of the third party, and b) an output locked to a second public key of the first party. The second public key is based on the first public key. A confirmation transaction is generated. The confirmation transaction comprises an input that references the output of the request transaction, and a signature generated based on a private key corresponding to the second public key of the first party. The confirmation transaction is transmitted to nodes of a blockchain network for inclusion in a blockchain.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
38.
COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL USING BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS
A computer-implemented method for granting permission to a requestor to join a first network. The first network comprises a set of bridging nodes and a set of devices controllable by one or more of the set of bridging nodes. Each bridging node is also a respective node of a blockchain network. The method is performed by a registration authority and comprises generating a first blockchain transaction. The first blockchain transaction comprises an input comprising a signature linked to a first public key of the registration authority. The first blockchain transaction also comprises a first output comprising a first certificate, the first certificate comprising an identifier assigned to the requestor. The method further comprises transmitting the first blockchain transaction to the blockchain network for inclusion in the blockchain.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
39.
REQUEST AND RESPONSE PROTOCOL USING BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS
A computer-implemented method for controlling one or more devices of a first network. The first network comprises a set of bridging nodes and a set of devices controllable by one or more of the set of bridging nodes. Each bridging node is also a node of a blockchain network, and each device has a respective device identifier. The method is performed by a first one of the bridging nodes and comprises generating a first blockchain transaction. The first blockchain transaction comprises a first input comprising a signature linked to a first public key of the first node, and a first output comprising command data. The command data comprises a respective identifier of a first one of the devices controlled by a second one of the bridging nodes, and a command message for controlling the first device.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
Contributions to a work by contributors having respective levels in a defined hierarchy are recorded in one or more blockchain transactions. One or more lower-level contributors provide, to a higher-level contributor, one or more lower-level contributions respectively, and the higher-level contributor provides a higher-level contribution responsive to the one or more lower-level contributions. A higher-level contributor transaction comprises one or more inputs, which in turn comprise: one or more pointers to one or more spendable outputs of one or more lower-level contributor transactions and one or more transaction signatures. The transactions contain contributions commitments which, together with the one or more pointers, represent the relationship between the higher-level contributor and the lower-level contributors within the defined hierarchy. The one or more transaction signatures prove that relationship.
A data structure embodied in one or more blockchain transactions has a plurality of nodes, each node embodied as a hash value contained in a blockchain transaction of the one or more blockchain transactions; and a plurality of directional edges plurality of nodes comprises leaf nodes and non-leaf nodes. In a first aspect, at least one of the non-leaf nodes has at least one child leaf node and at least one child non-leaf node, the hash value of the at least one non-leaf node being a hash of a concatenation of the respective hash values of the child leaf node and the child non-leaf node. In a second aspect, a first of the non-leaf nodes has a different number of child nodes than a second of the non-leaf nodes. In a third aspect, a first of the leaf nodes has a different level than a second of the leaf nodes.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
Methods and devices to enable the splitting of storage and validation functions from mining function in a blockchain network. The storage and validation nodes create candidate blocks and collect block rewards from successfully mined blocks. The mining nodes provide hash power for mining the candidate blocks and received resources from the storage and validation node for successful mining of a candidate block. Atomic exchange mechanisms are described for preventing loss and fraud and minimizing the use of bandwidth by mining nodes.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
In a first aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for implementing a payment service for enabling transactions associated with a client to be written into, or stored in a distributed ledger, i.e. a blockchain. The payment service is implemented as an API to which one or more clients have access to processing digital asset payments pertaining to a respective client. In a first aspect includes obtaining mining fee quotes from a plurality of miners for a client and processing a request for submitting a transaction to the blockchain based on a selected fee quote. In a second aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for requesting a transaction associated with a digital asset payment to be mined in a blockchain, based on a digital asset payment between a client (payer) and a customer (payee) of the client. The request being associated by a selected fee quote and/or service level associated with the selected fee quote among the received fee quotes in the above aspect. In a third aspect the method includes creating, processing and mining a blockchain transaction associated with a client by a miner, based on the miner satisfying the selected fee quote from the client, as mentioned in the above aspect.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
In an aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for processing blockchain transactions associated with a client. A payment service is implemented as a gateway or an API endpoint to which one or more clients have access to. A request to submit a transaction received from a given client is associated with a call-back identifier. The call-back identifier is such that it enables direct communication between the given client and another entity, such as a miner or another counterparty. The payment processer submits the transaction to a miner, this submission associated with the call-back identifier. Then, once a corresponding blockchain transaction has been created by a miner, a call-back notification pertaining to it can be provided for the client directly from the miner using the call-back identifier.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A computer-implemented method of generating a second transaction for a blockchain. The blockchain comprises a first transaction comprising a first token and a first output transferring an amount of a digital asset between a second party and a first party. The first token represents a first amount of a token asset other than the digital asset, the second transaction is for transferring a second token representing a second amount of the token asset from a first party to a third party. The method is performed by the first party and comprises generating the second transaction. The second transaction comprises a first input configured to unlock the first output of the first transaction, and a first output comprising the second token. The second token comprises data representing the second amount of the token asset, the second amount being less than the first amount.
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
H04L 9/00 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
46.
TIME-LOCKED BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS AND RELATED BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
A blockchain payment channel based on a series of spending transactions exchanged between parties, in which: a funding transaction, committed to a blockchain, comprises at least one spendable transaction output locked to at least two public keys of the parties, wherein the funding transaction contains or otherwise evidences a function for at least partially computing the series of spending transactions. A previous transaction of the series is received at computer equipment of one of the parties. The function contained or otherwise evidenced in the funding transaction is used to at least partially compute the current transaction. A portion of the current transaction is cryptographically signed by the party, the signed portion comprising the at least two spendable transaction outputs, using a private key counterpart to the public key of the party, thereby computing a transaction signature for inclusion in the transaction input of the current transaction.
G06Q 20/02 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
A blockchain payment channel is effected based on a series of spending transactions exchanged between parties, in which each transaction of the series of spending transactions has a future lock time, before which it cannot be committed to the blockchain, and comprises at least two spendable transaction outputs having respective digital asset values. At computer equipment of the party, a previous transaction of the series of spending transactions is received, and a function is applied to one or more function variables contained in the previous transaction to at least partially determine the current transaction. A portion of the current transaction is cryptographically signed, the signed portion comprising the at least two spendable transaction outputs, using a private key counterpart to the public key of the party, thereby computing a transaction signature for inclusion in the transaction input of the current transaction.
G06Q 20/02 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
In one aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for partitioning a request associated with a digital asset into an arbitrary number of transactions. The partitioning is based on knowing or obtaining a maximum number of outputs allowed for a request and an arbitrarily selection of a possible integer partition of an arbitrarily selected integer. The randomly selected integer partition then forms the basis for determining the number of transactions and UTXOs, so that a digital asset value can be arbitrarily split across the determined UTXOs before being stored on a public blockchain. In another aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for arbitrarily distributing a digital asset value associated with a request across an arbitrarily determined number of transactions. This is based on an arbitrarily selected number of transactions, and a maximum number of outputs allowed for each request. In another respect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems for generating or determining one or more public addresses associated with a given entity for use in blockchain transactions for the given entity, so that such addresses may be securely and correctly associated with the given entity, while maintaining anonymity of the entity's identity.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
49.
COMPUTER IMPLEMENTED METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR STORING CERTIFIED DATA ON A BLOCKCHAIN
A method of storing certified data on a blockchain is disclosed. The method comprises generating a first blockchain transaction (Tx1) having a first output (Output 3) containing a first public key of a first private/public key pair, comprising a first private key and a first public key, of a cryptography system, first data related to the first public key, and a first digital signature applied, by means of a second private key of a second private/public key pair, comprising a second private key and a second public key, of a cryptography system, to the first data and to the first public key. The first blockchain transaction is broadcast to the blockchain.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/00 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
A computer-implemented method of generating a transaction for a blockchain, the transaction being for transferring an amount of a digital asset from a first party to a second party. The method comprises generating a first transaction comprising an output locking the amount of the digital asset, the output comprising an output script comprising a plurality of criterion components each requiring a respective input data item, and a plurality of counter script components. Each criterion component is associated with one of the counter script components. The output script is configured so as to, when executed alongside an input script of a second transaction, i) increment a counter each time a respective criterion component is satisfied by a respective input data item of the input script, and ii) to require the counter to increment to at least a predetermined number in order to be unlocked by the input script.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A computer-implemented method of linking a first party and a second party, the method being performed by the first party and comprising: obtaining a first cryptographic public- private key pair comprising a first private key and a corresponding first public key; generating a first shared private key pair known to the first party and the second party; and generating a second cryptographic public-private key pair comprising a second private key and a corresponding second public key, wherein the second private key is generated based on the first private key and the shared private key.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
52.
ALLOCATION OF A DIGITAL ASSET USING BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS
A computer-implemented method of generating a transaction associated with a blockchain, the transaction being for distributing amounts of an allocation of a digital asset, wherein the allocating party is associated with an allocating public key linked with the allocation, and wherein each recipient party is associated with a respective ownership public key. The method comprises obtaining a respective ownership public key of each of the one or more recipient parties. For each of the one or more recipient parties, a respective payment public key is generated based on (i) the ownership public key associated with that recipient user, and (ii) the allocating public key. The transaction comprises one or more output scripts, each output script configured to transfer a respective amount of the allocation to a respective payment address, the respective payment address being based on the respective payment public key.
G06Q 20/02 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
G06Q 20/12 - Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic shopping systems
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
53.
BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS INCLUDING PORTIONS OF CODE IN DIFFERENT LANGUAGES FOR COMPLEX VALIDATION
A method performed by a node of a blockchain network, comprising: accessing the locking script from a first transaction on the blockchain; receiving a second transaction not yet on- chain, the second transaction comprising an unlocking script; extracting, from the first transaction or another transaction on the blockchain, a portion of code formulated in a second language other than a first language used for the locking and unlocking scripts; running the extracted portion of code in the second language, wherein as a result thereof the code generates at least one value; writing this value to a storage location readable by the locking script; and running the locking script together with the unlocking script in order to validate the second transaction, wherein the unlocking script is configured to read the first value from said storage location, and a condition for validation according to the locking script is dependent on the first value.
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
According to a first aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a method of accessing data from one or more destination transactions stored on a blockchain, wherein the method comprises selecting one or more hyperlinks linking to the destination transaction(s). According to a second aspect of the disclosure, there is provided a request-response protocol for requesting access to data from a destination transaction.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 29/08 - Transmission control procedure, e.g. data link level control procedure
A method performed by computer equipment of a consuming party, comprising: accessing an electronic document comprising a plurality of pointers, each pointer comprising a respective transaction identifier of a respective destination transaction stored on a blockchain, wherein the destination transactions comprise one or more first transactions storing respective genetic data of at least part of a reference genome, and one or more second transactions storing respective genetic data of at least a corresponding part of a target genome in compressed form compressed relative to the reference genome; accessing the genetic data from at least one of the first destination transactions and at least a corresponding one of the second destination transactions based on the respective identifiers accessed from the electronic document; and decompressing the accessed genetic data of the target genome based on the accessed genetic data of the reference genome.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A method comprising: retrieving a header file from a first transaction recorded on a blockchain maintained across a plurality of nodes of a blockchain network. The header file comprises: program header information, and reference information comprising one or more respective transaction IDs of one or more respective second transactions stored on the blockchain. Each second transaction comprises a respective section of a body of the program file, at least one of the sections comprising runnable program code. The method comprises, from the blockchain, retrieving the respective section of the program file from at least one of the second transactions based on the reference information; and running a program comprising the program header information and the at least one retrieved section.
Methods and devices to track proof-of-work contributions from mining devices in a mining pool. The mining pool includes a pool master computing device that stores a bloom filter. The bloom filter stores candidate block header information that meets a partial proof-of-work standard based on regular reports from the mining devices during their proof-of-work searching. On receipt of new candidate block header information form one of the mining device, the pool master constructs a candidate block header using the information and assesses whether it is already stored in the bloom filter. If not, then it stores the block header in the bloom filter. If so, then it records a bad hash in association with the mining device that reported it.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06F 16/22 - Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
In one aspect, the present disclosure proposes methods, devices and systems and devices for providing a new structured data pertaining to blockchain transactions to implement a new data structure. This new data structure is provided to implement a distributed database. In another aspect, a new distributed data management system (DBMS) is provided, that can manage data associated with the new data structure. However, unlike a conventional DBMS for traditional databases, the present disclosure provides a blockchain DBMS that is configured to managed data associated with one or more blockchain transactions, said data being stored in the new data structure. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for generating or providing one or more blockchain transactions for implementing one or more standard database commands that are received for accessing or manipulating a database, where the data is stored on the new data structure.
G06F 16/22 - Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
G06Q 20/02 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
A computer implemented voting process (2) for executing a blockchain transaction, such as a transaction on the Bitcoin blockchain, is disclosed. The process comprises distributing shares (6) of a first common secret among a plurality of participants (4), wherein the first common secret implements an automated voting process (14) by the participants and is accessible to a first threshold number of shares and is inaccessible to less than the first threshold number of shares. The process further comprises determining (10, 12), based on different numbers of said shares of the first common secret held by a plurality of the participants, at least one combination of shares held by a plurality of the participants, to provide the first threshold number of shares.
G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
A computer-implemented method of encoding a digital contract between first and second parties of a blockchain network, the digital contract being for transferring an amount of a digital asset from the first to the second party based on a condition being fulfilled; the method comprising: obtaining a plurality of data elements, each representing a different contract condition, wherein at least one of the conditions is linked to the second party; generating a hash tree based on the data elements, wherein the hash tree comprises: i) first leaf hashes generated by hashing a respective data element, and second leaf hashes comprising at least one hash key generated by hashing a secret value known only to the trusted third party, ii) internal hashes, and iii) a root hash; and making the root hash available to the first party for inclusion in a transaction of the blockchain.
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
36 - Financial, insurance and real estate services
45 - Legal and security services; personal services for individuals.
Goods & Services
Financial services conducted via electronic communications networks, namely, electronic funds transfer; bill payment services; cashless purchasing services for merchants and consumers whereby purchase monies are held in trust and sent to merchants upon sales to consumers; stored value card services; electronic money issuance and transfer services; direct deposit of funds into customer bank accounts Providing financial fraud protection and prevention
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
36 - Financial, insurance and real estate services
38 - Telecommunications services
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Downloadable computer software for use in electronically trading, transmitting, receiving, storing, and sending digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets, and managing payments and exchange transactions involving digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets Financial services, namely, storing and transferring of digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital financial assets by means of an electronic wallet; financial services, namely, conducting an online financial exchange for trading and transmitting digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital financial assets; online trading of digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital financial assets Transmission of data for digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital assets via electronic communication networks; electronic transmission of data for digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens and digital assets via computer terminals and electronic devices Providing temporary use of online non-downloadable software for use in electronically trading, transmitting, receiving, storing, and sending digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets, and managing payments and exchange transactions involving digital currency, virtual currency, digital tokens, and digital assets
63.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR FACILITATING TRANSACTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH A BLOCKCHAIN USING A NETWORK IDENTIFIER FOR PARTICIPATING ENTITIES
The present disclosure proposes methods and devices for facilitating IP transaction involving digital assets over the Internet directly based on IP addresses for entities. The aspects and embodiments of the present disclosure enable secure IP address transactions by ensuring that the public key of the recipient is never used in the generation of payment destination addresses, thereby making message replay and MITM attacks extremely hard to implement by an attacker. Furthermore, the aspects and embodiments ensure that the payment destination addresses for digital assets are based on new or single use private as well as public keys that are computed or provided based on the public key for the recipient and are specific to a given transaction.
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04L 29/12 - Arrangements, apparatus, circuits or systems, not covered by a single one of groups characterised by the data terminal
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A method for recording a target transaction in a blockchain. The method comprises: streaming a sequence of data portions to the first party over a side channel; and in response to each data portion, receiving back over the side channel an instance of a first transaction from the first party. The target transaction comprises an output pointing to an output of the first transaction, and the target transaction comprises an output specifying an amount of digital asset to transfer from the output of the first transaction to the second party, wherein the amount increases in each successive instance of the target transaction. The method comprises causing the latest instance of the first transaction and a corresponding version of the target transaction to be propagated through the network and recorded in the blockchain.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
66.
BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTION COMPRISING RUNNABLE CODE FOR HASH-BASED VERIFICATION
A method comprising, at a node of a blockchain network: obtaining a first transaction including runnable code specifying a reference instance of an r-part of ant ECDSA signature; receiving a second transaction including information comprising at least an s-part of the ECDSA signature, and obtaining a public key wherein the ECDSA signature signs a message based on a corresponding private key; and running the code from the first transaction, the code being configured to return a result of true, irrespective of whose private key was used as the first private key, on condition that: the ECDSA verification function, as applied to the ECDSA signature, verifies that the s-part received in the second transaction corresponds to the reference instance of the r-part specified by the first transaction, given the message received in the second transaction and the obtained first public key.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
67.
MALLEABILITY OF TRANSACTIONS FOR INCLUSION IN A BLOCKCHAIN
A method of recording a target transaction in a blockchain, comprising: obtaining an updated version of the target transaction, being updated relative to a pre-existing first version; and instead of the first version, sending the updated version to be propagated through a network of nodes to be recorded in the blockchain. The target transaction comprises an input comprising an unlocking script and a pointer to an output of a first transaction, the output of the first transaction comprising a locking script specifying a plurality of alternative conditions for unlocking that output. The unlocking script of the first version of the target transaction is configured to unlock the first output of the first transaction based on a first of said alternative conditions, and the unlocking script of the updated version is configured to unlock it based on a second one of said alternative
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
68.
USING BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS TO PROVIDE OFF-CHAIN FUNCTIONALITY
A method of executing transactions of a blockchain network. A first transaction comprises at least a first output comprising a first locking script of a stack-based scripting language, the first locking script comprising a portion of the first locking script to be executed before a first instance of an opcode is executed. A second transaction comprises a first unlocking script that references the first output in the first transaction. Upon executing the first instance of the opcode, execution of the first locking script is terminated whilst not invalidating the first transaction. A first data element is read from at least one stack, wherein the first data element is generated during execution of the first unlocking script and the portion of the first locking script. The first data element as read from the at least one stack is supplied to an off-chain function, wherein the function is configured to generate a result based on at least said first data element.
G06F 21/64 - Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A method of validating transactions for recordal in a blockchain comprises receiving one or more transactions at a node of a blockchain network. For each received transaction a protocol for validating the transaction is applied. The protocol is configured to allow a termination opcode to be included in an output script of the transaction. The termination opcode is configured to, upon being executed by the node, a) terminate execution of the output script, and b) not to invalidate the transaction based only on the inclusion of the termination opcode in the output script. The protocol is also configured to disallow any instance of the termination opcode from being included in an input script of the transaction, said disallowing comprising the node at least invalidating the transaction if any instance of the termination opcode is included in the input script.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A knowledge proof is performed using a set of transactions for recording in a blockchain maintained in a blockchain network. A challengee receives a competition challenge. The competition challenge has a derivable challenge solution but the challenge solution is not communicated to the challengee directly. The challengee competes with one or more other challengees to derive an independent instance of the challenge solution from the competition challenge. Upon the challengee successfully deriving the independent instance of the challenge solution before any of the other one or more challengees, the challengee uses data thereof as a secret challengee key to sign at least one message, and thereby generate at least one transaction signature, and submits the at least one transaction signature and the at least one message to the blockchain network for verifying at a node of the blockchain network.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
At least one proof transaction is received at a node of a blockchain network and comprises at least one Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) signature and at least one zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) component. The node verifies the ECDSA signature of the at least one proof transaction based on a public key associated with the ECDSA signature and a signed part of the at least one proof transaction, and determined whether the ZKP component is correct for the ECDSA signature and a defined hash value and a defined hash function, in that it proves an ephemeral key counterpart to an r-part of the ECDSA signature to be a preimage of the defined hash value with respect to the defined hash function.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
A method comprising: providing a first transaction specifying an output amount of a digital asset to greater than pointed to by its inputs, wherein an output of the first transaction comprises a locking script specifying a condition; over a side channel, receiving an input from each of multiple users, and adding each received input to the first transaction; and once a target is reached, whereby the total input amount pointed to by the inputs of the first transaction is equal to or exceeds the output amount, causing the first transaction and a second transaction to be published to a blockchain network to be recorded in a blockchain. The second transaction comprises an input pointing to the output of the first transaction and comprising an unlocking script meeting said condition. The condition requires the unlocking script to include a media key enabling the users to access the item of media content.
A procedure comprising: a) formulating a proposed instance of a first transaction and sending it to the second party over a side channel, the proposed instance being formulated according to a transaction protocol recognized by the nodes of a blockchain network for validating transactions, and specifying a set of one or more values of a respective one or more parameters of the transaction including at least said amount of the digital asset, b) upon the second party not accepting the proposed instance of the first transaction, receiving back over the side channel a counter-proposed instance of the first transaction, the counter-proposed instance also being formulated according to the transaction protocol, but specifying a modified set of one or more values of the one or more transaction parameters, and c) the first party selecting whether to accept the counter-proposed instance received in b).
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
74.
BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTION COMPRISING RUNNABLE CODE FOR HASH-BASED VERIFICATION
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
75.
VERIFICATION OF DATA FIELDS OF BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTIONS
A computer-implemented method of generating a secondary transaction identifier of a target transaction which enables a querying user to determine whether the target transaction comprises a candidate data field. The method comprises identifying a set of data fields of the target transaction, each data field comprising respective data of the transaction; and generating a transaction hash tree. Each data field is hashed to generate a respective one of a plurality of leaf hashes of the transaction hash tree. The root hash of the transaction hash tree comprises the secondary transaction identifier.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
76.
IN-SCRIPT FUNCTIONS WITHIN A BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTION
A method of executing a transaction of a blockchain. The transaction comprises at least one output comprising a locking script, and the locking script comprises an instance of a first opcode and one or more instances of a second opcode. Each instance of the second opcode separates portions of the locking script. Upon calling the instance of the first opcode, a first data element is read from at least one stack, the first data element being generated during execution of the locking script with an unlocking script of a different transaction. A first part of the locking script that follows an instance of the second opcode corresponding to the first data element is output.
G06F 9/52 - Program synchronisation; Mutual exclusion, e.g. by means of semaphores
G06Q 20/02 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
At least one proof transaction for recording on a blockchain comprises at least an s-part for an Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm, ECDSA, signature. The s-part is computed from a set of signature components, each provided by a participant of a signing subset of a set of keyshare participants. Each of keyshare participant holds an ephemeral keyshare of an unknown ephemeral key, and each of the signing components is provided by the participant of the signing subset based on their ephemeral keyshare. The at least one proof transaction indicates an r-challenge of at least one challenge transaction, and a node of a blockchain network applies signature verification to: (i) the s-part of the at least one proof transaction, and (ii) one of: (iia) an r-part of the r-challenge, (iib) an r-part of the at least one proof transaction, and in that event checks that that r-part satisfies the r-challenge.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
In a first aspect, the present disclosure proposes computer implemented methods, devices, and systems for implementing a channel service for messages or transactions that are associated with a blockchain, the channel service being provided for one or more clients. The method comprising providing a given client access to one or more functions that enable direct communication between the given client and another entity, the one or more functions include (i) channel functions or procedures pertaining to one or more channels for transmission of data; and/or (ii) message functions or procedures pertaining to the data being transmitted using the one or more channels. In a second aspect, the present disclosure proposes computer implemented methods, devices, and systems for implementing addressing for a channel service, such as the channel service in the first aspect. Communication using a channel associated with the channel service is initiated based on the addressing keys pertaining to the communicating entities.
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
79.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR NON-PARALLELISED MINING ON A PROOF-OF-WORK BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
The present disclosure provides methods and systems for ensuring the security of a blockchain and associated network, and for enabling the establishment of consensus regarding the state of the blockchain. A method of the disclosure may be implemented by one or more nodes on a blockchain network, using a non-parallelisable algorithm to calculate an output based on a computational difficulty parameter, a hash of at least one blockchain transaction; and/or a hash of at least one blockchain block header. The non-parallelisable, inherently sequential algorithm comprises at least one of the following operations or a combination thereof: a recursive operation, a modular exponentiation and/or a repeated squaring operation.
Embodiments of the present disclosure provides protocols, methods and systems which provides advantages such as the resistance of centralisation of mining on a blockchain network, preferably a Proof-of-Work blockchain. A method in accordance with an embodiment may comprise generating a plurality of non-parallelisable challenges (or "puzzles") and allocating one of said plurality of challenges to each miner on the network. The miner uses an inherently sequential (non-parallelisable) algorithm to find a solution to his allocated challenge. The challenges are generated by a committee of nodes, and a new set of challenges is generated for each block.
Methods and systems for registering identity of a mining node on a blockchain in a blockchain network. The methods may include creating a validity-check transaction having a first output controlled by the mining node and containing a miner identifier and propagating the validity-check transaction on the blockchain network. The methods may further include mining, by the mining node, a new block containing a generation transaction, wherein the generation transaction includes an information field that contains the miner identifier and a reference to the validity-check transaction. Another node may validate identity by receiving the miner identifier and the reference to the validity-check transaction, retrieving the validity-check transaction to confirm it contains the miner identifier, and determining that the first output is an unspent transaction output.
A blockchain network may be used to improve upon public-key infrastructure by providing for fast and secure registration, revocation and update of digital certificates. A public key may be recorded on the blockchain by a certificate authority in such a manner that any third party may quickly and easily verify that the public key is certified by the certificate authority and that the certification has not been revoked. The certificate authority may be able to revoke the certification nearly instantaneously, and/or may be able to simultaneously certify a new key for the same entity while revoking the old key. In some cases, the ability to revoke a certification may be given to the owner of the public key or, in some cases, to one or even a group of other entities.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
83.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR RECORDING WORK HISTORY AND PROVING REPUTATION IN A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
Methods and system of recording work history of a mining node on a blockchain in a blockchain network. The methods may include mining a first block containing a registration generation transaction that includes, within a registration information field, a miner identifier for the mining node; and mining two or more additional blocks in an order, each additional block containing a generation transaction that includes an information field containing the miner identifier, a reference to the generation transaction of the preceding additional block in the order, wherein the registration generation transaction is a first block in the order. Work history may be verified by tracing the recorded work history and validating the miner identifier. Recorded work history may serve as the basis for a reputation score for the miner, which reflects contributed work evidenced by the proof-of-work secured work history.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
84.
DESTINATION ADDRESSING ASSOCIATED WITH A DISTRIBUTED LEDGER
The present disclosure relates to methods, devices and/or systems associated with a transaction for a distributed ledger, such as the Bitcoin blockchain. In some embodiments, the present disclosure relates to a method for performing payer entity validation, based on the request. In other embodiments the present disclosure relates to a method for implementing asynchronous processing of a request sent by a payer entity, when a payee entity is non-responsive.
G06Q 20/02 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
G06Q 20/06 - Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
The present disclosure provides a method of implementing a payment service for one or more clients for transactions associated with a distributed ledger, such as the Bitcoin blockchain. The method comprises providing an alias for a client, associating the alias with a network in a directory and providing a location for a host computing resource responsible for the payment service, wherein the host computing resource is configured to facilitate identification of the client associated with the alias. The present disclosure also provides a method comprising creating a machine readable resource in a location associated with the payment service, wherein the machine readable resource comprises an endpoint identifier for the payment service, an entry associated with at least one capability supported by the payment service, and instructions and/or a specification for accessing a public address for facilitating transactions associated with the alias. The present disclosure also discusses a method of implementing a simplified payment protocol for clients associated with the payment service.
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
AA1BBB). The common secret is determined on the basis of the first private key and the second public key, and the properties of the cryptography system are such that the common secret can be determined on the basis of the second private key and the first public key. An encryption key, based on the common secret, is determined for encryption of data (M), and the data is encrypted on the basis of the encryption key, wherein the step of encrypting data includes an exclusive or (XOR) operation.
A method of enabling knowledge proof in a blockchain transaction is disclosed. The method comprises sending, from a verifier to a prover, a blockchain transaction redeemable by means of data including (i) first data (y) based on a combination of an ephemeral key (r), second data (c) and a private key of a public-private key pair of a cryptography system, wherein the public key (v) is based on an integer generator raised to a first power, wherein the first power is based on the private key, and wherein knowledge of the private key is required in order to determine the ephemeral key from the first data, and (ii) third data (x) based on the integer generator raised to a second power, wherein the second power is based on the ephemeral key.
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
88.
SHORT TRANSACTION IDENTIFIER COLLISION DETECTION AND RECONCILIATION
Methods and devices for resolving a collision in short transaction identifiers in a blockchain network. The method may include receiving a set of short transaction identifiers from a sending node. The receiving node locates a corresponding full transaction identifier for each short transaction identifier in a mempool. For at least one short transaction identifier, the receiver identifies a collision. It then sends a message to the sending node requesting resolution of the collision regarding the at least one short transaction identifier, and receives collision resolution data from the sending node to enable identification of a valid corresponding full transaction identifier for the at least one short transaction identifier. The receiver may send intermediate Merkle tree hashes with its request for resolution, and the collision resolution data may include information identifying which of the hashes is incorrect.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
89.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR PROPAGATING BLOCKS IN A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
Methods and devices for propagating blocks in a blockchain network. At a mining node, while hashing a first block header of a first candidate block, the mining node sends, to other mining nodes, a first message specifying transactions and their order in a first ordered set of transactions contained in the first candidate block. The mining also receives a second message specifying transactions and their order in a second ordered set of transactions contained in a second candidate block being mined by a second mining node. If the mining node succeeds in mining the candidate block it notifies other mining nodes by providing them with a coinbase transaction, hash value, and timestamp. If another mining node is successful, then the mining node receives information from the other mining node from which, in conjunction with the second message, it can assemble the second candidate block and validate it.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
90.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTHENTICATING OFF-CHAIN DATA BASED ON PROOF VERIFICATION
Determining when and/or how to execute a program or script published to a blockchain network may rely on data that is external to the blockchain (i.e., external data) such as data about the real-world state and events. A prover (e.g., a node of the blockchain network) may perform one or more computations on behalf of a client, such as the execution of the program. To execute the program properly, the prover may rely on external data, which the prover may obtain from a data provider that has a trust relationship with the client (e.g., the client accepts as valid data provided by a trusted data provider). Systems and methods described herein may be utilized by a prover to provide cryptographically verifiable assurances of the authenticity of input data purportedly obtained from a data provider, the input data utilized in the execution of a program or script published to a blockchain network. An example of a blockchain network is a Bitcoin-based network.
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
G06F 16/22 - Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
Methods performed by a validation one or a sender one of a plurality of nodes implemented by computing devices in a network. The sender node sends, to the validation node, a request to transfer an amount of virtual currency from a sender account (associated with transaction receipts) to a recipient account. The request includes first copies of the receipts or references thereto. The validation node requests second copies of the receipts from at least two of the nodes, and receives the second copies from fewer than all of the nodes. The validation node determines whether the first copies have been tampered with by comparing the first and second copies to one another. When tampering has not occurred, at least one new receipt is generated indicating the amount has been transferred. Then, the at least one new receipt is forwarded to fewer than all of the nodes for storage.
A method comprising: a second party receiving confirmation that a first party agrees to a statement; the second party receiving a piece of information after said confirmation, and after a cryptographic signature of the first party. To attest to this, the second party generates their own cryptographic signature by signing a portion of data comprising said piece of information or a transformation thereof. A network of nodes is then sent one or more transactions comprising the first and second signatures. Transactions are propagated across the network to be recorded in a blockchain on condition of meeting a validation condition. The validation condition for one of the one or more transactions comprises: the first signature is included in one of the one or more transactions, the second signature is included in one of the one or more transactions, and the second signature was generated by signing the particular portion of data.
G06Q 20/30 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
94.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTING TRANSFERS OVER A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
95.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTING TRANSFERS OVER A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
G06Q 20/30 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
96.
COMPUTER IMPLEMENTED METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PSEUDO-RANDOM DATA GENERATION
12Ni1i11), wherein the one-way function is adapted to receive input data and generate output data based on the input data, wherein the input data is not deducible from the output data and the one-way function.
G06F 7/58 - Random or pseudo-random number generators
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
97.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTING TRANSFERS OVER A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
G06Q 20/30 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
98.
COMPUTER-IMPLEMENTED SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR IMPLEMENTING TRANSFERS OVER A BLOCKCHAIN NETWORK
G06Q 20/30 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices
G06Q 20/36 - Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
99.
COMPUTER IMPLEMENTED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING OR VERIFYING LOCATION
A computer implemented method is provided, which comprises the steps of: broadcasting a request for location data; receiving from a plurality of nodes location data comprising a distance and a public key corresponding to an area proximal to that node; selecting a public key which is common to a set of the plurality of nodes; and requesting the set of nodes to participate in threshold secret sharing to obtain a cryptographic signature associated with the common public key. The method makes use of a blockchain for communicating and verifying data, and includes transferring control of a transaction using the cryptographic signature obtained.
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
H04W 12/00 - Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
The invention relates to distributed ledge technologies such as consensus-based blockchains. Computer-implemented methods for a secure random number generation within blockchain scripts are described. The invention is implemented using a blockchain network, which may be, for example, a Bitcoin blockchain. A first transaction that includes a puzzle is validated at a node in a blockchain network, with the first transaction being associated with a digital asset, and with a solution to the puzzle being indeterminable at a time of validation of the first transaction. A pseudorandom number, based at least in part on a solution to the puzzle that is included in a second transaction, is generated at least in part by validating the second transaction, the second transaction created to transfer control of the digital asset associated with the first transaction. Control of the digital asset is transferred based at least in part on the pseudorandom number.
G06Q 20/40 - Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists
H04L 9/06 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols the encryption apparatus using shift registers or memories for blockwise coding, e.g. D.E.S. systems
H04L 9/32 - Arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system
