A reflectarray for an antenna system for use in wireless communications is described. The reflectarray includes a substrate and a plurality of cells configured in an array on the substrate. Each cell in the plurality of cells includes three dipoles arranged in a parallel configuration with a length of a center dipole is longer than a length of a lateral dipole. The length of the lateral dipole is 65% of the length of the center dipole. The plurality of cells can include a first set of three parallel dipoles arranged in a first direction and a second set of three parallel dipoles in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. The first set of three parallel dipoles and the second set of three parallel dipoles are shifted half a period along both the first direction and the second direction in the array.
In accordance with various embodiments, a multi-layer electromagnetic device is provided. The device includes a first connectivity layer that includes a first conductive pad having a first capacitance, a feed line coupled between the first conductive pad and a transmit signal source, and a first antipad surrounding at least a portion of the first conductive pad that enables an isolation of electromagnetic signals propagating through the first conductive pad. The first antipad has a resonance that is a function of the first capacitance. The device also includes a second connectivity layer that includes a second conductive pad that enables an electrical connectivity to an external device and a plurality of layers positioned between the first connectivity layer and the second connectivity layer. The conductive pads have antipad extensions into available area of the layer as a function of a capacitance of the conductive pads.
A method for calibration of a phased array antenna system with reduced set of data points for optimized calibration. A system that identifies a constant gain circle and constant phase lines from measured results and selects a set of data points therein for testing.
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
H04B 17/21 - Monitoring; Testing of receivers for correcting measurements
H04B 17/11 - Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
4.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR RADAR WAVEFORMS USING ORTHOGONAL SEQUENCE SETS
Systems, methods, and apparatus for radar waveforms using orthogonal sequence sets are disclosed. In one or more examples, a vehicle for autonomous driving comprises a radar sensor. In some examples, the radar sensor comprises a waveform transmission module adapted to generate a phase-coded waveform based on a set of concatenated orthogonal sequences. Also, in some examples, the radar sensor comprises a receiver adapted to estimate a range and Doppler from a received echo from the phase-coded waveform. In one or more examples, the orthogonal sequences are Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences.
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 13/93 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
5.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBJECT DETECTION WITH INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION
Examples disclosed herein relate to a sensor fusion system for use in an autonomous vehicle. The sensor fusion system has a radar detection unit with a metastructure antenna to direct a beamform in a field-of-view (“FoV”) of the vehicle, an analysis module to receive information about a detected object and determine control actions for the radar detection unit and the metastructure antenna based on the received information and on environmental information, and an autonomous control unit to control actions of the vehicle based on the received information and the environmental information.
H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
G05D 1/00 - Control of position, course, altitude, or attitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
G01S 13/86 - Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
G01S 13/935 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of aircraft or spacecraft for terrain-avoidance
H01Q 3/00 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
6.
MOTION-BASED OBJECT DETECTION IN A VEHICLE RADAR USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK SYSTEMS
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system in an autonomous vehicle for object detection and classification. The radar system has a radar module having a dynamically controllable beam steering antenna and a perception module. The perception module includes a machine learning module trained on a first set of data and retrained on a second set of data to generate a set of object locations and classifications, and a classifier to use velocity information combined with the set of object locations and classifications to output a set of classified data.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in an vehicle. The autonomous driving system includes a radar system configured to detect a target in a path and a surrounding environment of the vehicle and produce radar data with a first resolution that is gathered over a continuous field of view on the detected target. The system includes a super-resolution network configured to receive the radar data with the first resolution and produce radar data with a second resolution different from the first resolution using first neural networks. The system also includes a target identification module configured to receive the radar data with the second resolution and to identify the detected target from the radar data with the second resolution using second neural networks. Other examples disclosed herein include a method of operating the radar system in the autonomous driving system of the vehicle.
Examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna system in a radar system for object detection with a sounding signal. The antenna system includes a radiating array of elements configured to transmit a reference signal and an antenna controller coupled to the radiating array of elements. The antenna controller is configured to detect a set of reflections of the reference signal from an object. The antenna is configured to determine a location of the object and a mobility status from the set of reflections. The antenna controller is also configured to generate signaling indicating the location and mobility status of the object as output to identify a target object different from the object. Other examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system and a method of object detection with the radar system.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
H01Q 3/24 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
9.
RADAR SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL DETECTION
Examples disclosed herein relate to radar systems to coordinate detection of objects external to the vehicle and distractions within the vehicle. A method of environmental detection with a radar system includes detecting an object in an external environment of a vehicle with the radar system positioned on the vehicle. The method includes determining a distraction metric from measurements of user activity obtained within the vehicle with the radar system. The method includes adjusting one or more detection parameters of the radar system based at least on the detected object and the distraction metric. Other examples disclosed herein relate to a radar sensing unit for a vehicle that includes an internal distraction sensor, an external object detection sensor, a coordination sensor and a central controller for internal and external environmental detection.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
B60Q 9/00 - Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups
G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications
H04W 4/46 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in a vehicle, including a radar system with a reinforcement learning engine to control a beam steering antenna and identity targets in a path and a surrounding environment of the vehicle, and a sensor fusion module to receive information from the radar system on the identified targets and compare the information received from the radar system to information received from at least one sensor in the vehicle.
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in an ego vehicle. The autonomous driving system includes a radar system configured to detect and identify a target in a path and a surrounding environment of the ego vehicle. The autonomous driving system also includes a sensor fusion module configured to receive radar data on the identified target from the radar system and compare the identified target with one or more targets identified by a plurality of perception sensors that are geographically disparate from the radar system. Other examples disclosed herein include a method of operating the radar system in the autonomous driving system of the ego vehicle.
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in a vehicle having a radar system with a Non-Line-of-Sight (“NLOS”) correction module to correct for NLOS reflections prior to the radar system identifying targets in a path and a surrounding environment of the vehicle, and a sensor fusion module to receive information from the radar system on the identified targets and compare the information received from the radar system to information received from at least one sensor in the vehicle.
G01S 17/89 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
G01S 5/14 - Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location
13.
TWO-DIMENSIONAL RADAR FOR MILLIMETER WAVE APPLICATIONS
Examples disclosed herein relate to two-dimensional radar for use in millimeter wave applications. An antenna structure of the two-dimensional radar includes a transmit array arranged along a first axis and configured to scan a field of view along the first axis at a first scan rate with radio frequency (RF) beams in a first polarization, and a receive array arranged along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis and configured to receive return RF beams in the first polarization to scan the field of view along the second axis at a second scan rate different from the first scan rate. Other examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna system for two-dimensional radar in millimeter wave applications and a radar system with two-dimensional scanning.
In the present disclosure, a radar system is configured to interact with beacons that shift the phase of a received radar transmission to generate a phase shifted response signal. Phase shifters are designed to assign specific frequency responses to identify target locations. The radar module transmits at a modulated signal at first frequency, each beacon receives the radar transmission, phase shifts the signal and returns the phase shifted signal. Where two or more beacons are used, each will apply a different phase shift to the received radar transmission, wherein the frequency identifies the specific beacons. In a radar system, the modulated transmission signal is compared to the returned phase shifted signal to determine a frequency difference between the two signals.
A61B 5/107 - Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
G01S 13/84 - Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted for distance determination by phase measurement
A61B 5/05 - Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
15.
Method and apparatus for an active radiating and feed structure
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radiating structure. The radiating structure has a transmission array structure having a plurality of transmission paths with each transmission path having a plurality of slots and a pair of adjacent transmission paths forming a superelement. Each superelement has a phase control module to control a phase of a transmission signal. The radiating structure also includes a radiating array structure having a plurality of radiating elements configured in a lattice, with each radiating element corresponding to at least one slot from the plurality of slots and the radiating array structure positioned proximate the transmission array structure. A feed coupling structure is coupled to the transmission array structure and adapted for propagation of a transmission signal to the transmission array structure. The transmission signal is radiated through at least one superelement and at least one of the plurality of radiating elements and has a phase controlled by the phase control module in the at least one superelement.
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
16.
Hybrid Sparse Subarray Design For Four-Dimensional Imaging Radar
Two-dimensional DOA estimation is challenging as the computational and hardware complexity could scale as the square as compared to that of one-dimensional problem. The proposed scheme relies on designing antenna locations and also involves a mix of subarray and digital beamforming to lower the overall system performance and cost by reducing the costly transceiver chains.
Two-dimensional DOA estimation is challenging as the computational and hardware complexity could scale as the square as compared to that of one-dimensional problem. The proposed scheme relies on designing antenna locations and also involves a mix of subarray and digital beamforming to lower the overall system performance and cost by reducing the costly transceiver chains.
This framework proposes a two-step solution which first isolates a target to a given range doppler bin and elevation angle by linear receive subarray in the elevation direction. However, the elevation estimate is relatively coarse which is further refined along with a high-resolution estimate of azimuth angle. This is achieved by processing the received data from a 2D sparse antenna array, which are systematically chosen to maximize the resolution in both directions. The compressive sensing algorithm is applied to the 2D sparse received array data which exploits the sparse representation of the underlying signal support. The propose approach successfully pairs the correct elevation and azimuth angles for multiple targets. The methodology is effective for a case of single data snapshot and algorithm performance scale well with the availability of multiple data snapshots. It is noted that the proposed methodology allows to further increase the system resolution when data is processed with MIMO virtual array processing.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a on-chip or built-in self-test (BIST) module for an RFIC including means to up-convert a signal from a test frequency to RF at an input to the RFIC and down-convert and output signal.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a beam steering radar for use in an autonomous vehicle. The beam steering radar has a radar module with at least one beam steering antenna, a transceiver, and a controller that can cause the transceiver to perform, using the at least one beam steering antenna, a first scan of a first field-of-view (FoV) with a first chirp slope in a first radio frequency (RF) signal and a second scan of a second FoV with a second chirp slope in a second RF signal. The radar module also has a perception module having a machine learning-trained classifier that can detect objects in a path and surrounding environment of the autonomous vehicle based on the first chirp slope in the first RF signal and classify the objects based on the second chirp slope in the second RF signal.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G05B 13/02 - Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion electric
B60W 60/00 - Drive control systems specially adapted for autonomous road vehicles
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
19.
PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA CALIBRATION SYSTEM AND METHODS FOR USE IN MILLIMETER WAVE APPLICATIONS
Examples disclosed herein relate to a phased array antenna calibration system. The system includes a radio frequency (RF) probe configured to transmit and receive an RF signal, a probe layer coupled to the RF probe via a transmission line layer and configured to transmit or receive the RF signal with the RF probe. In some aspects, the probe layer comprising a plurality of probe elements arranged in an array that corresponds to an arrangement of radiating elements in an antenna-under-test (AUT). The system also includes a foam layer coupled to the probe layer and configured to isolate the AUT from the probe layer.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
Examples disclosed herein relate to a beam steering vehicle radar for object identification. The beam steering vehicle radar includes a beam steering receive antenna having a plurality of antenna elements to generate a radiation beam comprising a main lobe and a plurality of side lobes, at least one guard band antenna to generate a guard band radiation beam, and a perception module coupled to the beam steering receive antenna to detect and identify a first object reflection in the radiation beam. The perception module has a monopulse module to determine a range and angle of arrival for the first object reflection and detect multiple objects upon determining an absence of a second object reflection in the guard band radiation beam.
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in an vehicle. The autonomous driving system includes a radar system configured to detect a target in a path and a surrounding environment of the vehicle and produce radar data with a first resolution that is gathered over a continuous field of view on the detected target. The system includes a super-resolution network configured to receive the radar data with the first resolution and produce radar data with a second resolution different from the first resolution using first neural networks. The system also includes a target identification module configured to receive the radar data with the second resolution and to identify the detected target from the radar data with the second resolution using second neural networks. Other examples disclosed herein include a method of operating the radar system in the autonomous driving system of the vehicle.
Examples disclosed herein relate to an apparatus for attenuation control of a radar signal in a vehicle. The apparatus includes an attenuation control mechanism having at least one property to reduce distortion of a radar signal transmission positioned on a surface of the vehicle, and radiating elements proximate the attenuation control mechanism enabling radiation beams to propagate with reduced distortion.
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
Examples disclosed herein relate to a switched coupled inductance phase shift mechanism for beamsteering an antenna array and applied in a radar system or a communication system. The phase shift mechanism includes a variable inductor element configured to toggle between a first inductance state and a second inductance state in response to a first control bit value, and a plurality of variable capacitor elements coupled to the variable inductor element and configured to toggle between a first capacitance state and a second capacitance state in response to a second control bit value. The variable inductor element and the variable capacitor elements collectively produce a first phase shift using the first inductance and capacitance states, and collectively produce a second phase shift using the second inductance and capacitance states, where a target phase shift is produced from a difference between the first and second phase shifts. Other examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna array and a method of phase shifting with switched coupled inductance.
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
H01F 21/02 - Variable inductances or transformers of the signal type continuously variable, e.g. variometers
24.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A FREQUENCY-SELECTIVE ANTENNA
Examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna system. The antenna system has a transceiver unit adapted to receive a composite communication signal, wherein the composite communication signal is a mix of multiple individual communication signals transmitted at different frequencies, a radiating structure comprising multiple subarrays of radiating elements, each subarray responsive to a different frequency, and an antenna controller adapted to map each communication signal to a user equipment.
H01Q 3/42 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means using frequency-mixing
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 1/24 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 5/42 - Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
25.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A CHIRP GENERATOR IN A RADAR SYSTEM
A radar signal generation system is provided. The system includes a controller configured to set parameters for signal generation. The system includes a chip generator for generating a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signal. The system is configured to recursively perform a series of operations to update the chirp signal value. The chip generator includes a plurality of multiplication modules, a plurality of operand units, where each operand unit stores an operand and each operand unit is coupled to a multiplication module of the plurality of multiplication modules, and an output storage unit. The system also includes a parameter interface module coupled to the controller and configured to set an operand value for each of the plurality of operand units. The controller can be configured for calculating operand values for a series of operations.
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/06 - Systems determining position data of a target
A radar system is provided in accordance with various embodiments herein. The radar system includes a transceiver, an analog to digital converter (ADC), a digital processing unit coupled to the ADC, a control unit coupled to the digital processing unit, and a twiddle factor table. The digital processing unit includes a plurality of fast Fourier transform (FFT) elements and a plurality of memory storage devices coupled to the plurality of FFT elements. The plurality of FFT elements and the plurality of memory storage devices are configured in a pipeline. The control unit is configured to control each of the plurality of FFT elements a predetermined number of times. Each twiddle factor in the twiddle factor table corresponds to an FFT element in the plurality of FFT elements. A pipelined Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) sequence of radix-4 elements is configured in stages and can be operated iteratively.
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
G06F 17/14 - Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system for object identification. The radar system transmitting an azimuth fan beam and incrementing elevation of the beam. The radar system may include a transmit antenna and a receive antenna, each having a plurality of antenna elements arranged in rows and columns. The radar system may include a transceiver coupled to the transmit antenna and the receive antenna, the transceiver configured to control transmit beams having an azimuth fan beam, or an elevation fan beam. The radar system may include a processing unit. In various embodiments, the processing unit may include a digital processing unit; a range Doppler mapping module; and an azimuth detection module coupled to the transceiver. The azimuth detection module may be configured to process received signals and identify an azimuth angle of arrival by correlating signals received at antenna elements in rows of the receive antenna.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
In accordance with various implementations, a radar system comprising a non-line of sight (NLOS) module to enhance operation of the radar system is provided. In various embodiments, the NLOS module is a radar repeater module with phase shifters to generate an indication of an object detected in a NLOS area. In various embodiments, the NLOS module includes a reflector structure configured to reflect or redirect radar signals from a train on the tracks into a NLOS area. The NLOS module can include a receive antenna, a transmit antenna configured to transmit one or more received radar signals into a NLOS area, and a phase shifting module for applying a phase shift to a radar signal reflected from an object in the NLOS area that is outside an operational range of the radar unit.
G01S 13/75 - Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
In the present invention a guide or carrier is used to assemble and position multiple AiPs (or Integrated Circuit packages) on a substrate and maintain spacing therebetween. In some examples, this reduces package size and maintains desired tolerances. The carrier or guard is to be thin and flexible so as to allow some movement but maintain tolerances at specific locations.
H01Q 1/22 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
H01Q 23/00 - Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
Examples disclosed herein relate to a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar for virtual beam steering. The MIMO radar has a plurality of transmit antennas and a receive antenna array having a plurality of radiating elements. The MIMO radar also includes a digital signal processor (DSP) configured to synthesize a virtual receive array having N×M receive subarrays from the plurality of transmit antennas and the receive antenna array, where N is the number of transmit antennas and M is the number of receiving elements. Other examples disclosed herein relate to a method of virtual beam steering.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
A radar system for interacting with navigation targets is provided. The radar system is configured to interact with navigation targets (target devices) that shift the phase of a received radar transmission to generate a phase shifted response signal. Phase shifters (e.g., silicon germanium phase shifters) are designed to assign specific frequency responses from one or more navigation modules to identify target locations. The radar module transmits at a modulated signal at first frequency, each navigation target receives the radar transmission, phase shifts the signal and returns the phase shifted signal. Where two or more navigation targets are used, each will apply a different phase shift to the received radar transmission, wherein the frequency identifies the navigation target devices. In a radar system, the modulated transmission signal is compared to the returned phase shifted signal to determine a frequency difference between the two signals.
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
H01Q 3/22 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation in accordance with variation of frequency of radiated wave
32.
INTELLIGENT METAMATERIAL RADAR HAVING A DYNAMICALLY CONTROLLABLE ANTENNA
Examples disclosed herein relate to an intelligent metamaterial radar. The radar has an Intelligent Metamaterial (“iMTM”) antenna module to radiate a transmission signal with a dynamically controllable iMTM antenna in a plurality of directions based on a controlled reactance and generate radar data capturing a surrounding environment. The radar also has an iMTM interface module to detect and identify a target in the surrounding environment from the radar data and to control the iMTM antenna module.
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 19/06 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
G08G 1/14 - Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
H01Q 3/44 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system for use in millimeter wave applications. The radar system includes an array of transmit elements to transmit a transmit beam and to scan the transmit beam in an azimuth plane across an azimuth field of view (FOVAZ) at a transmit refresh rate. In one or more implementations, the transmit beam is a fan beam in an elevation plane, and the array of transmit elements is arranged along a first axis. The radar system further includes an array of receive elements to receive a receive beam and to scan the receive beam in an elevation plane across an elevation field of view (FOVEL) or to a predetermined elevation location. In one or more implementations, the receive beam is a fan beam in the azimuth plane, and the array of receive elements is arranged along a second axis. In some implementations, the second axis is orthogonal to the first axis.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 3/38 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters the phase-shifters being digital
34.
CONTINUOUSLY STEERING PHASED ARRAY AND HEADLIGHT RADARS
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system for use in millimeter wave applications. The radar system includes a lighting device, such as a light bulb or an array of light emitting diodes (LEDs). The radar system further includes an array of transmit elements to transmit at least one transmit signal, where at least one transmit signal reflects off of at least one object to generate at least one receive signal. The array of transmit elements is configured around at least a first portion of a perimeter of the lighting device. Also, the radar system includes an array of receive elements to receive at least one receive signal, where the array of receive elements is configured around at least a second portion of the perimeter of the lighting device.
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 21/08 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a rectilinear path
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
35.
MODULAR, MULTI-CHANNEL BEAMFORMER FRONT-END INTEGRATED CIRCUITS FOR MILLIMETER WAVE APPLICATIONS
Examples disclosed herein relate to a modular, multi-channel beamformer front-end integrated circuits for millimeter wave applications. A beamformer tile includes an array of radiating elements, and a plurality of radio frequency (RF) integrated circuits coupled to the array of radiating elements and configured to apply phase shifting to transmit signaling directed to the array of radiating elements for a transmit operation and to return signaling from the array of radiating elements for a receive operation, in which each of the plurality of radio frequency integrated circuits comprises a plurality of Multiple-In-Multiple-Out (MIMO) channels that are coupled to a subset of the array of radiating elements. Other examples disclosed herein relate to beamforming antenna system.
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
36.
INTELLIGENT METAMATERIAL RADAR FOR TARGET IDENTIFICATION
Examples disclosed herein relate to an Intelligent Metamaterial (“iMTM”) radar for target identification. The iMTM radar has an iMTM antenna module to radiate a transmission signal with an iMTM antenna structure and generate radar data capturing a surrounding environment. An iMTM interface module detects and identifies a target in the surrounding environment from the radar data and controls the iMTM antenna module.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
Examples disclosed herein relate to a method for semi-supervised training of a radar system. The method includes training a first radar network of the radar system with a first set of radar object detection labels corresponding to a first set of radar data, training a generative adversarial network (GAN) with the trained first radar network, synthesizing a training data set for a second radar network of the radar system with the trained GAN, training a second radar network with the synthesized training data set, and generating a second set of radar object detection labels based on the training of the second radar network.
The present invention is an antenna system having an array of metamaterial cells and a transmission array having a plurality of slots, wherein a signal propagates through the transmission array to the metamaterial cells and radiates a beamform. The system further includes reactance control means to adjust a phase of the beamform and to perform beam steering and beam switching.
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
Examples disclosed herein relate to generating continuous visualizations of beam steering vehicle radar scans by acquiring data for a beam steering radar scan, generating a Range Doppler Map (“RDM”) corresponding to the acquired radar data, displaying a visualization of the RDM showing a plurality of identified objects, shifting each identified object by its velocity to generate a shifted RDM, and updating the visualization at a display rate that is higher than a radar scan rate to display continuous movement. The display may be part of an augmented reality system presented to a driver on a windshield or dashboard.
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 13/89 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 7/24 - Cathode-ray tube displays the display being orientated or displaced in accordance with movement of object carrying the transmitting and receiving apparatus, e.g. true-motion radar
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar warning system positioned in a highway infrastructure. The infrastructure element includes a radar unit that is configured to produce radar data from one or more return radio frequency (RF) beams reflected from a surrounding environment using one or more steerable RF beams radiated to the surrounding environment, detect a moving object in a path of the surrounding environment from the radar data, determine whether the moving object in the path is violating directional criteria, and generate an alert message notifying one or more receiving units to avoid the path of the moving object when the moving object in the path is violating the directional criteria. The infrastructure element also includes a communication unit coupled to the radar unit and configured to send the alert message to the one or more receiving units in the surrounding environment.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system and method of angular resolution refinement for use in autonomous vehicles. The method includes transmitting a radio frequency (RF) beam to a surrounding environment with a beamsteering radar system and receiving return RF beams from the surrounding environment. The method also includes generating radar data from the return RF beams and detecting objects from the radar data, and determining a direction of arrival of each of object and determining an angular distance between the objects. The method further includes initiating a guard channel detection based at least on the angular distance and determining gain amplitudes of the return RF beams, and determining a null between the objects from the gain amplitudes and resolving the objects as separate objects based at least on the determined null. The method also includes determining a refined direction of arrival of the objects based at least on the resolved objects.
G01S 13/44 - Monopulse radar, i.e. simultaneous lobing
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
42.
AMPLITUDE TAPERING IN A BEAM STEERING VEHICLE RADAR FOR OBJECT IDENTIFICATION
Examples disclosed herein relate to a beam steering vehicle radar for object identification. The beam steering radar includes a beam steering receive antenna having a plurality of antenna elements to receive radar return signals, a LNA circuit having a plurality of LNAs, each LNA coupled to each element in the beam steering receive antenna to apply a gain to the return signals to generate amplified return signals, wherein gains of LNAs coupled to center antenna elements are higher than gains of LNAs coupled to edge antenna elements, and a phase shifter circuit to apply a plurality of phase shifts to the amplified return signals.
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
43.
Optimized proximity clustering in a vehicle radar for object identification
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system and method of optimizing proximity clustering. The method includes generating radar data from return radio frequency beams with a radar system and detecting objects from the radar data, and generating a three-dimensional pixel map from the radar data including direction of arrival data. The method includes traversing the pixel map to identify other pixels containing detected objects neighboring a subject pixel and determining whether the subject pixel and a neighbor pixel are assigned to clusters. The method includes assigning the neighbor pixel to a same cluster as that of the subject pixel when only the subject pixel is assigned to a cluster, assigning the subject pixel to a same cluster as that of the neighbor pixel when only the neighbor pixel is assigned to a cluster, and merging clusters when the subject pixel and the neighbor pixel are assigned to different clusters.
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
G01S 13/89 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
44.
Method and apparatus for radiating elements of an antenna array
A radar system having multiple layers and a radiating array of elements, wherein signals are presented to the elements as they propagate through a slotted wave guide.
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
Examples disclosed herein relate to a multi-sensor fusion platform for use in autonomous vehicles, the multi-sensor fusion platform including a camera perception engine having a camera neural network to detect and identify objects in camera data, a lidar perception engine having a lidar neural network to detect and identify objects in lidar data, and a radar perception engine having a radar neural network to detect and identify objects in radar data, such that training of the radar neural network is bootstrapped with the camera and lidar neural networks.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 13/86 - Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
47.
STRIPLINE FEED DISTRIBUTION NETWORK WITH EMBEDDED RESISTOR PLANE FOR MILLIMETER WAVE APPLICATIONS
Examples disclosed herein relate to a stripline feed distribution network with embedded resistor for use in millimeter-wave applications. The feed distribution network includes a plurality of ground planes and a signal plane coupled to the plurality of ground planes. The signal plane is configured to serve as a feed to an antenna array with signaling operating at a millimeter-wave frequency bands. The signal plane includes an input transmission line and a plurality of output transmission lines coupled to the input transmission line. The feed distribution network also includes a resistor plane interposed between the signal plane and at least one ground plane of the plurality of ground planes. The resistor plane is configured to isolate the signal plane from the antenna array, and to match a characteristic impedance between the input transmission line and the plurality of output transmission lines.
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
The present inventions provide methods and apparatuses for a metamaterial antenna structure, wherein a half-power illumination area of a side lobe of an electromagnetic transmission detect objects.
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/28 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of pulse systems
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
49.
REAL-TIME CALIBRATION OF A PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA INTEGRATED IN A BEAM STEERING RADAR
Examples disclosed herein relate to a system for real-time calibration of a phased array antenna integrated in a beam steering radar. The system includes a calibration unit for injecting a calibration signal to the phased array antenna during operation of the beam steering radar, the calibration signal at a frequency different than a frequency of operation of the beam steering radar, a plurality of transmit calibration couplers for receiving the injected signal, the transmit calibration couplers connected to a plurality of amplifiers and phase shifters in the phased array antenna to generate a phase shifted and amplified signal, and a plurality of receive calibration couplers connected to the plurality of phase shifters for transmitting the phase shifted and amplified signal to the calibration unit for measurement.
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
H03F 3/19 - High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
50.
Beam steering radar with adjustable long-range radar mode for autonomous vehicles
Examples disclosed herein relate to a beam steering radar for use in an autonomous vehicle. The beam steering radar has a radar module with at least one beam steering antenna, a transceiver, and a controller that can cause the transceiver to perform, using the at least one beam steering antenna, a first scan of a field-of-view (FoV) with a first number of chirps in a first radio frequency (RF) signal and a second scan of the FoV with a second number of chirps in a second RF signal. The radar module also has a perception module having a machine learning-trained classifier that can detect objects in a path and surrounding environment of the autonomous vehicle based on the first number of chirps in the first RF signal and classify the objects based on the second number of chirps in the second RF signal.
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/34 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
Examples disclosed herein relate to a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radar for virtual beam steering. The MIMO radar has a plurality of transmit antennas and a receive antenna array having a plurality of radiating elements. The MIMO radar also includes a digital signal processor (DSP) configured to synthesize a virtual receive array having N×M receive subarrays from the plurality of transmit antennas and the receive antenna array, where N is the number of transmit antennas and M is the number of receiving elements. Other examples disclosed herein relate to a method of virtual beam steering.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
Examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna calibration method for a beam steering radar. A first set of input voltages is determined for a plurality of phase shifters coupled to a plurality of antenna elements in an antenna array in the beam steering radar, the voltages to control phases of signals for transmission by the antenna array. A first set of input voltages is applied to the antenna array. Radiating signals resulting from the first set of input voltages are measured. Voltage and phase values for the plurality of phase shifters are iteratively optimized to determine voltage and phase value pairs that result in a desired gain for the antenna array. The voltage and phase value pairs are stored in a look-up-table in the beam steering radar.
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
H01Q 21/22 - Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
H04B 17/12 - Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of amplitude or phase
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
Examples disclosed herein relate to reconfigurable circuits and systems for a radar system enabling both short-range and long-range operation. A reconfiguration module enables the various configuration changes for operation. The multi-range operation may be used to adjust transmission parameters of other modules including wireless communications.
G01S 7/00 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , ,
G01S 13/44 - Monopulse radar, i.e. simultaneous lobing
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
G01S 17/931 - Lidar systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
54.
Method and apparatus for a meta-structure antenna array
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radiating structure having a plurality of slotted transmission lines, each transmission line including a plurality of boundary lines defining each transmission line, wherein slots are positioned in each transmission line and include a first set of slots interspersed with a second set of slots, the second set of slots having a size smaller than the first set of slots, and a plurality of irises positioned proximate each of the slots and along the length of each transmission line. The radiating structure also has an array of radiating elements proximate the slotted transmission lines so as to receive a transmission signal from the slotted transmission lines and generate a radiation pattern corresponding to the transmission signal.
H01Q 13/08 - Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
H01Q 13/20 - Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
A radar system having an array of radiating elements configured for both analog beamforming and digital beamforming as analog parameters of the individual radiating elements are controlled, while digital control expands the field of view of the system. The radar system can include an array of radiating elements and a reactance control module coupled to the array of radiating elements and configured to adjust a reactance in one or more radiating elements of the array of radiating elements. The radar system also includes a digital control mechanism coupled to the array of radiating elements and configured to adjust a field of view of the array of radiating elements. A hybrid beamforming system and a method for a beamforming antenna are also provided herein.
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
56.
SIMULTANEOUS LOCALIZATION AND MAPPING AND NEURAL NETWORK SYSTEM
A perception engine incorporating place information for a vehicular sensor. The system uses place information to trigger responses in a perception engine. In some examples the system implements a mirroring process in response to other vehicle actions.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system in an autonomous vehicle for object detection and classification. The radar system has a radar module having a dynamically controllable beam steering antenna and a perception module. The perception module includes a machine learning module trained on a first set of data and retrained on a second set of data to generate a set of object locations and classifications, and a classifier to use velocity information combined with the set of object locations and classifications to output a set of classified data.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
58.
Side lobe reduction in a beam steering vehicle radar antenna for object identification
Examples disclosed herein relate to a beam steering vehicle radar for object identification. The radar includes a radar module having at least one beam steering transmit antenna to radiate one or more radio frequency (“RF”) beams in a plurality of directions, at least one beam steering receive antenna to receive one or more RF return signals, and a transceiver to generate radar data capturing a surrounding environment from the one or more received RF return signals. The radar also includes a perception module configured to detect and identify an object in the surrounding environment from the radar data. At least one of the beam steering transmit antenna has a side lobe reduction mechanism formed within a substrate to reduce side lobes in the radiated one or more RF beams.
G01S 7/28 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of pulse systems
G01S 13/44 - Monopulse radar, i.e. simultaneous lobing
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system for three-dimensional beam scanning that includes an antenna module that radiates radio frequency (RF) beams with an analog beamforming antenna in a plurality of directions using phase control elements and generates radar data capturing a surrounding environment from received RF return signals. The antenna module includes a first transceiver operational at a first frequency and configured to scan a field of view with first RF beams along a first axis, and a second transceiver operational at a second frequency and configured to scan the field of view with second RF beams along a second axis. The radar system also includes a perception module that detects and identifies a target in the surrounding environment from the radar data.
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 3/04 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/46 - Indirect determination of position data
Examples disclosed herein relate to a multi-frequency electromagnetic feed line. The multi-frequency electromagnetic feed line includes a waveguide that has a plurality of slots arranged laterally along a length of the waveguide that corresponds to a first axis, in which the plurality of slots are configured to radiate electromagnetic signaling from an input end of the waveguide to a terminal end of the waveguide. The waveguide also has a plurality of vias arranged proximate to the terminal end of the waveguide in a predetermined angle relative to a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, in which the plurality of vias are configured to terminate the plurality of slots for different frequencies of an operating frequency band. A first slot of the plurality of slots that is arranged closest to the terminal end has varying distances to different vias. Other examples disclosed herein relate a method of fabricating a waveguide.
Examples disclosed herein relate to radar systems to coordinate detection of objects external to the vehicle and distractions within the vehicle. A method of environmental detection with a radar system includes detecting an object in an external environment of a vehicle with the radar system positioned on the vehicle. The method includes determining a distraction metric from measurements of user activity obtained within the vehicle with the radar system. The method includes adjusting one or more detection parameters of the radar system based at least on the detected object and the distraction metric. Other examples disclosed herein relate to a radar sensing unit for a vehicle that includes an internal distraction sensor, an external object detection sensor, a coordination sensor and a central controller for internal and external environmental detection.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
B60Q 9/00 - Arrangement or adaptation of signal devices not provided for in one of main groups
G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications
H04W 4/46 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
62.
Range adaptable antenna system for autonomous vehicles
Examples disclosed herein relate to a range adaptable antenna system for use in autonomous vehicles. The antenna system has a connector and a transition layer to receive an RF transmission signal from a transmission signal controller, a range adaptable power divider layer coupled to the connector and transition layer to divide the RF transmission signal into a plurality of transmission signals to propagate through an array of transmission lines, with a set of transmission lines from the array of transmission lines having a set of switches, an RFIC layer having a plurality of phase shifters to apply different phase shifts to the plurality of transmission signals and generate a plurality of phase shifted transmission signals, and an antenna layer having an array of superelements for radiating the plurality of phase shifted transmission signals, wherein a set of superelements is connected to the set of switches in the range adaptable power divider layer for deactivation.
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
G05D 1/02 - Control of position or course in two dimensions
H04W 4/40 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
G05D 1/00 - Control of position, course, altitude, or attitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
63.
Method and apparatus for non-line-of-sight detection and coded radar signals
Radar systems and methods of using the same for detecting objects in non-line-of-sight (“NLOS”) areas are disclosed. In various embodiments, the disclosed radar systems and methods use a clutter signature to determine a location and motion of an object. The disclosed radar systems may include a sounding signal module for transmitting a sounding signal to determine a clutter signature; a radar controller generating, controlling, and interpreting an object detection signal; a transmit antenna unit coupled to the radar controller, adapted to transmit the object detection signal; a receive antenna unit coupled to the radar controller, adapted to receive a return object detection signal; and/or a non-line of sight module coupled to the transmit antenna unit and the receive antenna unit adapted to determine a location of a detected object.
G01S 13/538 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds eliminating objects that have not moved between successive antenna scans, e.g. area MTi
G01S 13/536 - Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
64.
Transition in a multi-layer substrate between a substrate integrated waveguide portion and a coplanar waveguide portion
Transitional elements to offset a capacitive impedance in a transmission line are disclosed. Described are various examples of transitional elements in a multilayer substrate that introduce a transitional reactance to cancel the transmission line capacitive effects. The transitional elements reduce insertion loss.
H01Q 13/18 - Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity
H01P 5/08 - Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking lines or devices of different kinds
H01P 3/00 - Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
H01P 5/10 - Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking lines or devices of different kinds for coupling balanced with unbalanced lines or devices
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
Radar systems are disclosed having phase measures limited to +/−π. An optical flow method considers the time derivative of the range with respect to phase (or velocity), and gives an indication of whether the phase is outside the measurable range by comparing the derivatives to forward and reverse wrap thresholds.
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
Examples disclosed herein relate to an adaptive radar for near-far target identification. The radar includes an antenna module configured to radiate a transmission signal with an analog beamforming antenna in a plurality of directions using one or more phase control elements in a first radar scan and to generate radar data capturing a surrounding environment. The radar also includes a data pre-preprocessing module configured to receive the radar data and determine adjustments to transceiver parameters in the antenna module for a second radar scan subsequent to the first radar scan based at least on range. The radar also includes a perception module configured to detect and identify a target in the surrounding environment from the radar data. Other examples disclosed herein relate to methods of near-far target identification in a radar.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
Examples disclosed herein relate to a vector modulator architecture, having an input splitter network configured to receive a radio frequency (RF) input signal and generate a plurality of quadrature signals at different phases, a variable gain amplifier (VGA) stage coupled to the input splitter network and configured to apply a first gain to one or more of the plurality of quadrature signals, a power combiner coupled to the VGA stage and configured to combine the plurality of quadrature signals into a combined RF signal, and a power amplifier (PA) stage coupled to the power combiner and configured to apply a second gain to the combined RF signal and generate an output RF signal. Other examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna system for autonomous vehicles and a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar warning system positioned in a highway infrastructure. The infrastructure element includes a radar unit that is configured to produce radar data from one or more return radio frequency (RF) beams reflected from a surrounding environment using one or more steerable RF beams radiated to the surrounding environment, detect a moving object in a path of the surrounding environment from the radar data, determine whether the moving object in the path is violating directional criteria, and generate an alert message notifying one or more receiving units to avoid the path of the moving object when the moving object in the path is violating the directional criteria. The infrastructure element also includes a communication unit coupled to the radar unit and configured to send the alert message to the one or more receiving units in the surrounding environment.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a multi-layer, multi-steering (MLMS) antenna array for autonomous vehicles. The MLMS antenna array includes a superelement antenna array layer comprising superelement subarrays, in which each superelement subarray includes radiating slots for radiating a transmission signal. The MLMS antenna array also includes a power divider layer coupled to the superelement antenna array layer and configured to serve as a feed to the superelement antenna array layer, in which the power divider layer is coupled to phase shifters that apply different phase shifts to transmission signals propagating to the superelement antenna array layer. The MLMS antenna array also includes a transition layer configured to couple the power divider layer and the superelement antenna array layer to the phase shifters through transition structures such as through-hole vias. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
70.
Dual edge-fed slotted waveguide antenna for millimeter wave applications
Examples disclosed herein relate to a dual edge-fed Slotted Waveguide Antenna (SWA). The SWA has a plurality of antenna sections having a plurality of radiating slots and configured to radiate one or more transmission signals through the plurality of radiating slots, in which the plurality of antenna sections are symmetric about a termination region between the plurality of antenna sections. The SWA also has a plurality of distributed feed networks coupled to the plurality of antenna sections and configured to serve as a feed to the plurality of antenna sections, in which each of the plurality of distributed feed networks is a corporate feed structure comprising a plurality of transmission lines and further configured to propagate the one or more transmission signals through the plurality of transmission lines. Other examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.
Examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna system in a radar system for object detection with a sounding signal. The antenna system includes a radiating array of elements configured to transmit a reference signal and an antenna controller coupled to the radiating array of elements. The antenna controller is configured to detect a set of reflections of the reference signal from an object. The antenna is configured to determine a location of the object and a mobility status from the set of reflections. The antenna controller is also configured to generate signaling indicating the location and mobility status of the object as output to identify a target object different from the object. Other examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system and a method of object detection with the radar system.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
H01Q 3/24 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
72.
Dynamic supply modulation power amplifier architecture for millimeter wave applications
Examples disclosed herein relate to a dynamic supply modulation power amplifier architecture for millimeter wave applications. The architecture includes phase shifters coupled to a power input port, power amplifiers coupled to respective power output ports, variable gain amplifiers coupled to the phase shifters and to the power amplifiers and are configured to supply dynamically varying input power to the power amplifiers. The architecture includes a first look-up table coupled to the variable gain amplifiers to control the variable gain amplifiers. The architecture also includes a second look-up table coupled to the power amplifiers, where each of the power amplifiers is supply modulated by active drain voltage modulation controlled by the second look-up table and variable input power from the variable gain amplifiers. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle and an analog beamforming antenna for millimeter wave applications.
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H03G 3/30 - Automatic control in amplifiers having semiconductor devices
H03F 3/21 - Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
H03F 3/68 - Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics
G05D 1/02 - Control of position or course in two dimensions
B60W 50/00 - CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT - Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
73.
Recurrent super-resolution radar for autonomous vehicles
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in an ego vehicle. The autonomous driving system includes a radar system to detect a target in a path and a surrounding environment of the ego vehicle and produce radar data with a first resolution that is gathered over a continuous field of view on the detected target. The system includes a recurrent super-resolution network having recurrent encoder layers to receive the radar data with the first resolution and produce radar data with a second resolution using first neural networks. The recurrent encoder layers perform recurrence operations prior to a max pooling operation. The radar data with the second resolution may be produced from at least an output of the recurrent encoder layers. Other examples disclosed herein include a method of operating the radar system in the autonomous driving system of the ego vehicle.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/86 - Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
Examples disclosed herein relate to a receive antenna array using main and side lobe portions to enhance object detection in a radar system. The receive antenna array includes an array of radiating elements and an antenna controller. The antenna controller determines portions of a radiation pattern of the array of radiating elements in response to detection of an object. The antenna controller also determines a directivity of a transmission from the array of radiating elements to increase gain of the transmission in a direction of the object based on the one or more portions of the radiation pattern. In some aspects, the portions includes a first portion of the radiation pattern that corresponds to a main lobe, a second portion that corresponds to at least one side lobe portion and a third portion that corresponds to an overlapping area of the main lobe and the at least one side lobe.
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
75.
Intelligent antenna metamaterial method and apparatus
The present disclosure is a metamaterial-based object detection system. An intelligent antenna metamaterial interface (IAM) associates specific metamaterial unit cells into sub-arrays to adjust the beam width of a transmitted signal. The IAM is part of a sensor fusion system that coordinates a plurality of sensors, such as in a vehicle, to optimize performance. In one implementation, an MTM antenna structure is probe-fed to create a standing wave across the unit cells.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
H01Q 3/30 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 3/38 - Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of real or effective orientation of directivity characteristic of an antenna or an antenna system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that antenna or antenna system, e.g. to give a maximum or minimum signal
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
G01S 13/86 - Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
76.
Phase compensated multi-layer, multi-steering antenna array for millimeter wave applications
Examples disclosed herein relate to a multi-layer, multi-steering (“MLMS”) antenna array for millimeter wavelength applications. The MLMS antenna array includes a superelement antenna array layer comprising a plurality of superelement subarrays. In some aspects, each superelement subarray of the plurality of superelement subarrays includes a plurality of phase compensated slots for radiating a transmission signal. The MLMS antenna array also includes a power division layer configured to serve as a feed to the superelement antenna array layer. The MLMS antenna array also includes a top layer disposed on the superelement antenna array layer. The top layer may include a superstrate or a metamaterial antenna array. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
H01Q 21/29 - Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
77.
Analog beamforming antenna for millimeter wave applications
Examples disclosed herein relate to an analog beamforming antenna for millimeter wavelength applications. The analog beamforming antenna includes a superelement antenna array layer comprising an array of superelements, in which each superelement includes a coupling aperture oriented at a predetermined non-orthogonal angle relative to a plurality of radiating slots for radiating a transmission signal. The analog beamforming antenna also includes a power division layer configured to serve as a feed to the superelement antenna array layer, in which the power division layer comprising a plurality of phase control elements configured to apply different phase shifts to transmission signals propagating to the superelement antenna array layer. The analog beamforming antenna also includes a top layer disposed on the superelement antenna array layer. The top layer may include a superstrate or a metamaterial antenna array. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
G01S 13/04 - Systems determining presence of a target
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
78.
Multi-layer, multi-steering antenna array for millimeter wave applications
Examples disclosed herein relate to a multi-layer, multi-steering (“MLMS”) antenna array for millimeter wavelength applications. The MLMS antenna array includes a superelement antenna array layer comprising a plurality of superelement subarrays, in which each superelement subarray of the plurality of superelement subarrays includes a plurality of radiating slots for radiating a transmission signal. The MLMS antenna array also includes a power division layer configured to serve as a feed to the superelement antenna array layer, in which the power division layer includes a dielectric layer interposed between a plurality of conductive layers. The MLMS antenna array also includes a top layer disposed on the superelement antenna array layer. The top layer may include a superstrate or a metamaterial antenna array. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system for use in an autonomous driving vehicle.
H01Q 1/42 - Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
79.
Autoencoder assisted radar for target identification
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autoencoder assisted radar for target identification. The radar includes an Intelligent Metamaterial (“iMTM”) antenna module to radiate a transmission signal with an iMTM antenna structure and generate radar data capturing a surrounding environment, a data pre-processing module having an autoencoder to encode the radar data into an information-dense representation, and an iMTM perception module to detect and identify a target in the surrounding environment based on the information-dense representation and to control the iMTM antenna module. An autoencoder for assisting a radar system and a method for identifying a target with an autoencoder assisted radar in a surrounding environment are also disclosed herein.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 3/00 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
G06K 9/62 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
80.
High frequency component isolation for wireless and radar systems
Examples disclosed herein relate to a high frequency component isolation for wireless and radar systems. The disclosure herein includes a radar system that has an array of radiating elements and a phase control module coupled to the array of radiating elements. The phase control module is configured to isolate one or more transmission signal paths through the phase control module from at least one conductor electrically coupled to one or more active circuits in the phase control module, the at least one conductor proximate to the one or more transmission signal paths. The phase control module is configured to adjust a reactance in a transmission signal propagating through the isolated one or more transmission signal paths to one or more radiating elements of the array of radiating elements. Other examples disclosed herein include beamforming system with high frequency component isolation and a method of beamforming with high frequency component isolation.
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
81.
Geographically disparate sensor fusion for enhanced target detection and identification in autonomous vehicles
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in an ego vehicle. The autonomous driving system includes a radar system configured to detect and identify a target in a path and a surrounding environment of the ego vehicle. The autonomous driving system also includes a sensor fusion module configured to receive radar data on the identified target from the radar system and compare the identified target with one or more targets identified by a plurality of perception sensors that are geographically disparate from the radar system. Other examples disclosed herein include a method of operating the radar system in the autonomous driving system of the ego vehicle.
The present disclosures provide methods and apparatuses for a metamaterial antenna structure having a plurality of super elements of slotted transmission lines. The metamaterial antenna structure has an aperture structure with apertures positioned in a specific orientation relative to a centerline of the aperture structure and configured to propagate transmission signals from a distributed feed network through the apertures. The metamaterial antenna structure also has a transmission array structure comprising a plurality of transmission lines coupled to the aperture structure and configured to propagate the transmission signals from the aperture structure through one or more slots in the transmission array structure, in which the apertures of the aperture structure are interposed between the slots. The metamaterial antenna structure also has a radiating array structure coupled to the transmission array structure and configured to radiate the transmission signals from the transmission array structure.
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in an ego vehicle. The autonomous driving system includes an antenna system having an antenna controller configured to provide a radar transmission signal for transmission to a target. The antenna system also includes a beacon circuit coupled to the antenna controller and configured to generate a superimposed signal comprising the radar transmission signal and a beacon signal having information that identifies the ego vehicle to other vehicles that are in a range distance of the ego vehicle. The antenna system also includes a metamaterial antenna structure coupled to the beacon circuit and configured to transmit the superimposed signal to the other vehicles. Other examples disclosed herein include a radar system having a beacon system and a method of operating the antenna system in the autonomous driving system of the ego vehicle, for vehicle identification.
G07C 5/00 - Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
H04W 4/46 - Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
G08G 1/017 - Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
84.
Intelligent meta-structure antennas with targeted polarization for object identification
Examples disclosed herein relate to an intelligent meta-structure antenna module for use in a radar for object identification, the module having a first Intelligent Meta-Structure (“iMTS”) antenna with a set of slots in a longitudinal direction for horizontal polarization and configured to detect a vehicle, and a second iMTS antenna with a set of slots in a transverse direction for vertical polarization and configured to detect a pedestrian.
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
Examples disclosed herein relate to an autonomous driving system in a vehicle, including a radar system with a reinforcement learning engine to control a beam steering antenna and identity targets in a path and a surrounding environment of the vehicle, and a sensor fusion module to receive information from the radar system on the identified targets and compare the information received from the radar system to information received from at least one sensor in the vehicle.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
G01S 13/86 - Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/00 - Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
86.
Meta-structure antenna system with adaptive frequency-based power compensation
Examples disclosed herein relate to a Meta-Structure (“MTS”) antenna system with adaptive frequency-based power compensation. The MTS antenna system includes a radiating array structure having a plurality of radiating elements, and a transmission array structure coupled to the radiating array structure and feeding a transmission signal through to the radiating array structure. The transmission array structure has a plurality of super element transmission paths, each having a plurality of vias to form transmission paths and a plurality of slots for feeding the transmission signal to the radiating array structure, and a plurality of power amplifiers coupled to an adaptive feedback module, each power amplifier coupled to a super element transmission path, the adaptive feedback module to adjust a power gain at a center frequency.
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
H01Q 13/22 - Longitudinal slot in boundary wall of waveguide or transmission line
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/44 - Monopulse radar, i.e. simultaneous lobing
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
G01S 13/34 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
87.
Method and apparatus for object detection using a beam steering radar and a decision network
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system in an autonomous vehicle. The radar system has a radar module including at least one beam steering antenna and an antenna controller. The radar system also includes a perception module having an object detection module to detect objects in a path and surrounding environment of the autonomous vehicle, and a decision network to determine a control action for the antenna controller to perform based on the detected objects and a control policy.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
88.
Method and apparatus for beam steering and switching
Systems, methods, and apparatus for beam steering and switching are disclosed. In one or more examples, a method for operating a communication system comprises switching, at least one switch in a rearrangeable switch network, to control input levels to power amplifiers in a power distribution network. The method further comprises outputting, by the power amplifiers in the power distribution network, power to a plurality of antenna elements. Further, the method comprises steering and distributing power, by the antenna elements, in beams associated with each of the antenna elements according to a level of the power in each of the antenna elements.
H01Q 3/28 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
H01Q 1/24 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
Systems, methods, and apparatus for radar waveforms using orthogonal sequence sets are disclosed. In one or more examples, a vehicle for autonomous driving comprises a radar sensor. In some examples, the radar sensor comprises a waveform transmission module adapted to generate a phase-coded waveform based on a set of concatenated orthogonal sequences. Also, in some examples, the radar sensor comprises a receiver adapted to estimate a range and Doppler from a received echo from the phase-coded waveform. In one or more examples, the orthogonal sequences are Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences.
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 13/93 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
90.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OBJECT DETECTION USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK SYSTEMS
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radar system in an autonomous vehicle for object detection and classification. The radar system has an antenna module having a dynamically controllable metastructure antenna and a perception module. The perception module includes a machine learning module trained on a first set of data and retrained on a second set of data to generate a set of perceived object locations and classifications, and a classifier to use velocity information combined with the set of object locations and classifications to output a set of classified data.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a sensor fusion system for use in an autonomous vehicle. The sensor fusion system has a radar detection unit with a metastructure antenna to direct a beamform in a field-of-view (“FoV”) of the vehicle, an analysis module to receive information about a detected object and determine control actions for the radar detection unit and the metastructure antenna based on the received information and on environmental information, and an autonomous control unit to control actions of the vehicle based on the received information and the environmental information.
H01Q 3/00 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
H01Q 1/28 - Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
G05D 1/00 - Control of position, course, altitude, or attitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
G01S 13/86 - Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
G01S 13/935 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of aircraft or spacecraft for terrain-avoidance
92.
Method and apparatus for reactance control in a transmission line
Examples disclosed herein relate to methods and apparatuses for a radiating structure to radiate a transmission signal, where the radiating structure incorporates reactance control elements to change a reactance of transmission lines and/or radiating unit cell elements, and a resonant coupler to isolate the transmission signal from a reactance control signal to the reactance control elements. A reactance control signal, such as a bias voltage, controls the reactance of transmission lines of the transmission array structure and/or the radiating unit cell elements so as to change the phase of the transmission signal, thereby steering a beam of the transmission signal. The reactance control elements may be incorporated into a microstrip within the transmission lines.
H01Q 13/20 - Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
93.
Method and apparatus for a frequency-selective antenna
Examples disclosed herein relate to an antenna system. The antenna system has a transceiver unit adapted to receive a composite communication signal, wherein the composite communication signal is a mix of multiple individual communication signals transmitted at different frequencies, a radiating structure comprising multiple subarrays of radiating elements, each subarray responsive to a different frequency, and an antenna controller adapted to map each communication signal to a user equipment and adjust an electrical parameter of the radiating elements within each subarray so as to direct each individual communication signal in the composite communication signal to a corresponding user equipment.
H01Q 3/42 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means using frequency-mixing
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
H04L 5/00 - Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 1/24 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 5/42 - Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
94.
Intelligent metamaterial radar having a dynamically controllable antenna
Examples disclosed herein relate to an intelligent metamaterial radar. The radar has an Intelligent Metamaterial (“iMTM”) antenna module to radiate a transmission signal with a dynamically controllable iMTM antenna in a plurality of directions based on a controlled reactance and generate radar data capturing a surrounding environment. The radar also has an iMTM interface module to detect and identify a target in the surrounding environment from the radar data and to control the iMTM antenna module.
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 19/06 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
G08G 1/14 - Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
H01Q 3/44 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
G01S 13/34 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
95.
Method and apparatus for a passive radiating and feed structure
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radiating structure. The radiating structure has a transmission array structure having a plurality of transmission paths, each transmission path having a plurality of slots. The radiating structure also has a radiating array structure of a plurality of radiating elements, with each radiating element corresponding to at least one slot from the plurality of slots, the radiating array structure positioned proximate the transmission array structure. A feed coupling structure is coupled to the transmission array structure and adapted for propagation of a transmission signal to the transmission array structure, the transmission signal radiated through at least one of the plurality of slots and at least one of the plurality of radiating elements.
Examples disclosed herein relate to a radiating structure. The radiating structure has a transmission array structure having a plurality of transmission paths, with each transmission path having a plurality of slots. The radiating structure also has a radiating array structure of a plurality of radiating elements, with each radiating element corresponding to at least one slot from the plurality of slots, and at least one radiating element from the plurality of radiating elements comprising an integrated reactance control device. The radiating array structure is positioned proximate the transmission array structure. A feed coupling structure is coupled to the transmission array structure and adapted for propagation of a transmission signal to the transmission array structure, the transmission signal radiated through at least one of the plurality of slots and at least one of the plurality of radiating elements, the at least one reactance control device providing a phase shift in the radiated transmission signal.
The present invention is a metamaterial-based object detection system. An intelligent antenna metamaterial interface (IAM) associates specific metamaterial unit cells into sub-arrays to adjust the beam width of a transmitted signal. The IAM is part of a sensor fusion system that coordinates a plurality of sensors, such as in a vehicle, to optimize performance. In one embodiment, an MTM antenna structure is probe-fed to create a standing wave across the unit cells.
H01Q 3/30 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase
H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
98.
Intelligent metamaterial radar for target identification
Examples disclosed herein relate to an Intelligent Metamaterial (“iMTM”) radar for target identification. The iMTM radar has an iMTM antenna module to radiate a transmission signal with an iMTM antenna structure and generate radar data capturing a surrounding environment. An iMTM interface module detects and identifies a target in the surrounding environment from the radar data and controls the iMTM antenna module.
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
H01Q 3/36 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
G01S 13/72 - Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
G01S 13/32 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
G01S 13/58 - Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
The present invention is an antenna system having an array of metamaterial cells and a transmission array having a plurality of slots, wherein a signal propagates through the transmission array to the metamaterial cells and radiates a beamform. The system further includes reactance control means to adjust a phase of the beamform and to perform beam steering and beam switching.
H01Q 3/34 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the phase by electrical means
H01Q 1/36 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 21/06 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
G01S 7/03 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
G01S 13/32 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
The present invention is a nodal radar system having a metamaterial-based object detection system. An intelligent antenna metamaterial interface (IAM) associates specific metamaterial unit cells into sub-arrays to adjust the beam width of a transmitted signal. The nodal radar system is positioned on infrastructure to complement sensor information from mobile vehicles and devices within an environment.
G01S 13/931 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
H01Q 3/26 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
G01S 7/00 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , ,
G01S 13/91 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for traffic control
H01Q 3/24 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
G01S 13/02 - Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
patents
