Drag-reducing polymers and methods of manufacturing drag-reducing polymers are provided. In one aspect, an ultra-high molecular weight terpolymer useful as a drag reducer for hydrocarbons having a molecular weight greater than 1 million is provided. The terpolymer includes (a) a first monomer including a first alpha-olefin monomer having a carbon chain length of between 4 and 9 carbon atoms. The terpolymer further includes (b) a second monomer including a second alpha-olefin monomer having a carbon chain length of between 12 and 15 carbon atoms. The terpolymer further includes (c) a third monomer including a third alpha-olefin monomer having a carbon chain length of between 10 and 11 carbon atoms, wherein the second monomer is present at greater than or at 25% (molar content).
A drag reducing composition, methods of forming a drag reducing composition, and methods of using a drag reducing composition to reduce the pressure drop of a liquid hydrocarbon through a conduit are provided. The drag reducing composition includes a latex polymer, a cationic surfactant, optionally a nonionic surfactant, and a continuous phase. The cationic surfactant is selected from quaternary ammonium-based cationic surfactants, imidazolium-based cationic surfactants, pyridinium-based cationic surfactants, or a combination thereof.
A storage vessel assembly for storing chemical includes a storage vessel, a frame for housing the storage vessel, an agitation device disposed in the storage vessel, a temperature control system coupled to the storage vessel, and a controller configured to operate the agitation device and the temperature control system.
Implementations described herein generally relate to a drag reducing agent (DRA) for improving flow of crude oils having high asphaltene content through pipelines. The DRA is a terpolymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 6 degrees Celsius or below. The terpolymer is formed by a first monomer, a second monomer, and a third monomer. The first and second monomers are chosen based on the glass transition temperatures of corresponding homopolymers. The glass transition temperature of the homopolymer formed with the first monomer is at least 120 degrees Celsius higher than the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer formed with the second monomer. The DRA comprised of the terpolymer formed with the second monomer produces softer solids and fewer solids due to the low glass transition temperature of the terpolymer. The softer solids are more easily handled by the pump to keep the injection system clear.
Implementations described herein generally relate to methods for purifying alpha-olefins. The alpha-olefins may be used to form drag reducing agents for improving flow of hydrocarbons through conduits, particularly pipelines. In one implementation, a method of increasing alpha-olefin content is provided. The method includes providing an olefin feedstock composition having an alpha-mono-olefin and at least one of a diolefin having an equal number of carbon atoms to the alpha-mono-olefin and/or a triolefin having an equal number of carbon atoms to the alpha-mono-olefin. The method further includes contacting the olefin feedstock composition with ethylene in the presence of a catalyst composition including an olefin metathesis catalyst. The method further includes reacting the olefin feedstock composition and ethylene at metathesis reaction conditions to produce an alpha-olefin product comprising the alpha-mono-olefin and alpha-olefins having fewer carbon atoms than the alpha-mono-olefin.
Implementations described herein generally relate to methods for purifying alpha-olefins. The alpha-olefins may be used to form drag reducing agents for improving flow of hydrocarbons through conduits, particularly pipelines. In one implementation, a method of increasing alpha-olefin content is provided. The method includes providing an olefin feedstock composition having an alpha-mono- olefin and at least one of a diolefin having an equal number of carbon atoms to the alpha-mono-olefin and/or a triolefin having an equal number of carbon atoms to the alpha-mono-olefin. The method further includes contacting the olefin feedstock composition with ethylene in the presence of a catalyst composition including an olefin metathesis catalyst. The method further includes reacting the olefin feedstock composition and ethylene at metathesis reaction conditions to produce an alpha-olefin product comprising the alpha-mono-olefin and alpha-olefins having fewer carbon atoms than the alpha-mono-olefin.
Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to a drag reducing suspension capable of dissolving in cold hydrocarbon fluids at usage level. In one embodiment, the drag reducing composition comprises a drag reducing polymer, a partitioning agent comprises a one or more of a coal-tar resin, a C5 aliphatic petroleum resin, a C9 aromatic petroleum resin, C5/C9 aliphatic/aromatic petroleum resin, a cycloaliphatic diene-based petroleum resin, a pure monomer resin, a terpene resin, a terpene phenol resin, a styrenated terpene resin, a rosin resin, a rosin resin derivative, one or more of an alkylphenol resin, a modified alkylphenol resin, and fully or partially hydrogenated form thereof, and suspending fluid medium. The partitioning agent has a good solubility (greater than 8 ppm) in a hydrocarbon stream, such as in a cold refined hydrocarbon stream, for example a diesel stream at a temperature of 0C or less.
C08L 23/02 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
C08L 61/04 - Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
F17D 1/17 - Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by mixing with another liquid
8.
AN AQUEOUS FLOW IMPROVER FORMULATION FOR REFINED PRODUCTS
An aqueous drag reducer having the components of water, a hydrocarbon soluble amine oxide rheology modifier; and a hydrocarbon soluble polymer having a molecular weight greater than one million.
The present invention refers to a method of forming a drag reducing polymer formulation comprising: forming a drag reducing polymer; and mixing a hydrocarbon additive with the drag reducing polymer to form the drag reducing polymer formulation, wherein the hydrocarbon additive is selected from the group consisting of: heptane, isooctane, kerosene, N-Paraffin depleted kerosene, and combinations thereof, and; wherein from about 3 wt % to about 16 wt % hydrocarbon additive is mixed with the drag reducing polymer. Also to a method of forming a drag reducing polymer formulation by forming a latex drag reducing polymer via emulsion polymerization and mixing about 3-16 wt% kerosene additive.
C08L 33/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters,; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08L 33/08 - Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
C08L 33/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
A composition comprising a drag reducing latex formulation produced by emulsion polymerization to create solid particles dispersed in an aqueous medium and an additive, the composition rapidly dissolves in a flowing hydrocarbon and minimizes/eliminates special equipment for preparation and incorporation into the hydrocarbon. The use of the composition results in a decrease of film formation while injected through a pump head when compared to the drag reducing latex formulation injected through the pump head.
C08L 33/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters,; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
F15D 1/02 - Influencing the flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
C08J 5/16 - Manufacture of articles or materials having reduced friction
11.
MINIEMULSION POLYMERIZATION TO PREPARE DRAG REDUCERS
A method of producing a polymer latex drag reducer. The method begins by forming an aqueous solution comprising a surfactant, a buffer and water. The method then forms an organic solution comprising a monomer and a co-stabilizer. The aqueous solution and the organic solution are mixed to form an emulsion. The emulsion is then subjecting to a high shear device to produce a miniemulsion, wherein the monomers are broken into small droplets followed by polymerizing the miniemulsion with the addition of an initiator, wherein a nucleation occurs in the small monomer droplets.
An apparatus for a diaphragm pump and a method for transporting at least a portion of a latex and/or a latex drag reducer through a diaphragm pump are disclosed. A method for reducing the pressure drop associated with flowing a hydrocarbon-containing fluid through a pipeline also is disclosed.
F04B 15/02 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous
E21B 41/02 - Equipment or details not covered by groups in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells
F04B 15/04 - Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being hot or corrosive
F04B 43/067 - Pumps having fluid drive the fluid being actuated directly by a piston
F17D 1/17 - Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by mixing with another liquid
13.
DRAG REDUCING COPOLYMERS FOR COLD FLUID APPLICATIONS
Drag reducing compositions comprising polymer particles, where the polymer particles include copolymers comprising the residues of at least one methacrylate monomer and at least one comonomer having a polymerizable vinyl group, where the comonomer has no more than one pendant substituent per vinyl carbon. The drag reducing compositions can have improved dissolution rates in hydrocarbon-containing fluid to decrease the pressure drop associated with the turbulent flow of the hydrocarbon-containing fluid through a conduit.
F17D 1/16 - Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
F17D 1/17 - Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by mixing with another liquid
C08J 3/02 - Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
C08L 33/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
A flow improver comprising a plurality of core-shell particles that can be formed by emulsion polymerization. The core of the core-shell particles can include a drag reducing polymer, while the shell of the particles can include repeat units of a hydrophobic compound and an amphiphilic compound. The flow improver can demonstrate increased pumping stability over conventionally prepared latex flow improvers.
A drag reducing composition comprising at least one non-polyalphaolefin polymer having an average particle size in the range of from about 5 to about 800 micrometers. The non-polyalphaolefin polymer can initially be formed via emulsion polymerization. The initial polymer particles can then be at least partially consolidated and then reduced in size and suspended in a carrier fluid. The resulting drag reducing composition can be added to a hydrocarbon-containing fluid to decrease the pressure drop associated with the turbulent flow of the hydrocarbon-containing fluid through a conduit.
A drag reducing composition comprising particles of at least two different drag reducing polymers. The different drag reducing polymers can be formed by different processes, such as bulk polymerization or emulsion polymerization, and the particles of the different drag reducing polymers can have different mean particle sizes. The drag reducing compositions can be added to a hydrocarbon-containing fluid to decrease the pressure drop associated with the turbulent flow of the hydrocarbon-containing fluid through a conduit.
C08L 33/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
C08J 5/16 - Manufacture of articles or materials having reduced friction
C08L 23/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
A system for reducing pressure drop associated with the turbulent flow of asphaltenic crude oil through a conduit. The crude oil has a high asphaltene content and/or a low API gravity. Such reduction in pressure drop is achieved by treating the asphaltenic crude oil with a high molecular weight drag reducing polymer that can have a solubility parameter within about 20 percent of the solubility parameter of the heavy crude oil. The drag reducing polymer can also comprise the residues of monomers having at least one heteroatom.
F17D 1/16 - Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
C08L 33/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
F15D 1/02 - Influencing the flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
F17D 1/17 - Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity by mixing with another liquid
F17D 3/12 - Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for injecting a composition into the line
A system for reducing pressure drop associated with turbulent fluid flow through subsea conduits. Such reduction in pressure drop is accomplished by transporting a hydrate inhibited drag reducer through a long conduit of small diameter, and thereafter injecting the drag reducer into a host fluid at the subsea location, to make a treated fluid. The treated fluid is then extracted from the subsea location via a production/transportation conduit. The presence of the drag reducer in the treated fluid reduces pressure drop associated with flow through the production/transportation conduit.
F17D 1/16 - Facilitating the conveyance of liquids or effecting the conveyance of viscous products by modification of their viscosity
B05D 5/08 - Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
19.
MODIFIED LATEX DRAG REDUCER AND PROCESSES THEREFOR AND THEREWITH
A modified latex drag reducer and methods of making and using the drag reducer in order to reduce friction losses resulting from turbulent fluid flow through a conduit. Particularly, the modified latex drag reducer is formed from an initial latex which is a product of an emulsion polymerization reaction. The initial latex is then modified, preferably by admixing with at least one low HLB surfactant or at least one solvent, or both, to form a modified latex with an enhanced dissolution rate in a hydrocarbon stream over the initial latex.
Latex drag reducers and systems for delivering latex drag reducers are disclosed. The latex drag reducers comprise a polymer that is formed via an emulsion polymerization reaction dispersed in a continuous phase and can undergo subsequent modification in order to increase the solubility of the polymer in hydrocarbons. The polymers generally present a particle size of less than about 1000 nm and are suitable for delivery to a subsea flowline via a small diameter conduit of an umbilical line without an unacceptable level of pressure drop or plugging of the conduit.
E21B 41/00 - Equipment or details not covered by groups
C09K 8/00 - Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
patents
