Creation and use of a digital twin instance (DTI) for a physical instance of the part. The DTI may be created by a model inversion process such that model parameters are iterated until a convergence criterion related to a physical resonance inspection result and a digital resonance inspection result is satisfied. The DTI may then be used in relation to part evaluation including through simulated use of the part. The physical instance of the part may be evaluated by way of the DTI or the DTI may be used to generate maintenance schedules specific to the physical instance of the part.
G01N 29/52 - Processing the detected response signal using inversion methods other than spectral analysis, e.g. conjugated gradient inversion
G06F 30/20 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation
G06F 30/13 - Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
G06F 30/17 - Mechanical parametric or variational design
G06F 30/23 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
G06F 119/18 - Manufacturability analysis or optimisation for manufacturability
G06F 119/02 - Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
Creation and use of a digital twin instance (DTI) for a physical instance of the part. The DTI may be created by a model inversion process such that model parameters are iterated until a convergence criterion related to a physical resonance inspection result and a digital resonance inspection result is satisfied. The DTI may then be used in relation to part evaluation including through simulated use of the part. The physical instance of the part may be evaluated by way of the DTI or the DTI may be used to generate maintenance schedules specific to the physical instance of the part.
G01N 29/52 - Processing the detected response signal using inversion methods other than spectral analysis, e.g. conjugated gradient inversion
G06F 30/20 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation
G06F 30/13 - Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
G06F 30/17 - Mechanical parametric or variational design
G06F 30/3308 - Design verification, e.g. functional simulation or model checking using simulation
G06F 30/367 - Design verification, e.g. using simulation, simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis [SPICE], direct methods or relaxation methods
G06F 119/18 - Manufacturability analysis or optimisation for manufacturability
G06F 119/02 - Reliability analysis or reliability optimisation; Failure analysis, e.g. worst case scenario performance, failure mode and effects analysis [FMEA]
Creation and use of a digital twin instance (DTI) for a physical instance of the part. The DTI may be created by a model inversion process such that model parameters are iterated until a convergence criterion related to a physical resonance inspection result and a digital resonance inspection result is satisfied. The DTI may then be used in relation to part evaluation including through simulated use of the part. The physical instance of the part may be evaluated by way of the DTI or the DTI may be used to generate maintenance schedules specific to the physical instance of the part.
G01N 29/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
G06F 30/20 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation
G06F 30/13 - Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
G06F 30/17 - Mechanical parametric or variational design
G01N 29/44 - Processing the detected response signal
09 - Scientific and electric apparatus and instruments
42 - Scientific, technological and industrial services, research and design
Goods & Services
Resonance inspection machines in the nature of piezoelectric instruments for use in inspection and measurement of industrial components for non-destructive resonance inspection of industrial parts using resonance ultrasound spectroscopy; robotically actuated testing apparatus in the nature of piezoelectric instruments for use in inspection and measurement of industrial components for non-destructive resonance inspection of industrial parts using resonance ultrasound spectroscopy; Ultrasonic equipment used to test or inspect damage to aircraft using resonance ultrasound spectroscopy; Ultrasound inspection devices in the nature of ultrasound inspection devices for non-medical, non-destructive testing of manufactured parts, namely, 3D printed parts, aerospace parts, and automotive parts using resonance ultrasound spectroscopy Inspection of manufactured parts including parts made by additive manufacturing or 3D printing for quality control purposes using resonance ultrasound spectroscopy; inspection of manufactured parts including parts made by additive manufacturing or 3D printing using non-destructive resonance ultrasound spectroscopy inspection for quality control purposes; performing resonance ultrasound spectroscopy inspection on parts for non-destructive resonance inspection of parts for quality control purposes; performing parts testing using robotically actuated testing apparatus for non-destructive resonance ultrasound spectroscopy inspection of parts for quality control purposes
5.
Resonance inspection of manufactured parts with witness coupon testing
Resonance inspection of parts in which a resonance standard to which a frequency response of the part is compared is at least in part based on a property derived from testing of a witness coupon that is manufactured concurrently with the part. This approach may allow properties of a material and/or manufacturing technique used to produce the part and witness coupon to inform the resonance standard to improve testing. Approaches are described related to both empirically derived resonance standards as well as model-based resonance standards.
Creation and use of a digital twin instance (DTI) for a physical instance of the part. The DTI may be created by a model inversion process such that model parameters are iterated until a convergence criterion related to a physical resonance inspection result and a digital resonance inspection result is satisfied. The DTI may then be used in relation to part evaluation including through simulated use of the part. The physical instance of the part may be evaluated by way of the DTI or the DTI may be used to generate maintenance schedules specific to the physical instance of the part.
Resonance inspection of parts in which a resonance standard to which a frequency response of the part is compared is at least in part based on a property derived from testing of a witness coupon that is manufactured concurrently with the part. This approach may allow properties of a material and/or manufacturing technique used to produce the part and witness coupon to inform the resonance standard to improve testing. Approaches are described related to both empirically derived resonance standards as well as model-based resonance standards.
A part evaluation tool is disclosed and which may be used to assess a part-under-test for use in a system. A plurality of natural frequencies for a system operated at a first steady-state operational are identified. A vibrational response of a part-under-test is acquired, and resonance frequencies within this vibrational response are identified. Resonance frequencies of the part-under-test are compared with the identified natural frequencies for purposes of classifying the part as compliant (e.g., suitable for use in the system) or non-compliant (e.g., not suitable for use in the system).
Generation of feedback for a part production process based on vibrational testing of parts produced by the part production process. A response characteristic may be identified from vibrational data regarding the parts that is correlated to a process variable of the part production process. The response characteristic may relate to a state of the process variable such that identification of the response characteristic may allow for generation of feedback regarding adjustment of a process control. Such response characteristic may relate to a vibrational metric regarding vibrational data and may comprise identifying a trend in data between a plurality of parts. Also presented are approaches to evaluation of parts, including batch evaluation of parts in which collective vibrational data regarding a plurality of parts belonging to a batch are analyzed. The process control aspects may be performed independently or in combination with part evaluation.
Generation of feedback for a part production process based on vibrational testing of parts produced by the part production process. A response characteristic may be identified from vibrational data regarding the parts that is correlated to a process variable of the part production process. The response characteristic may relate to a state of the process variable such that identification of the response characteristic may allow for generation of feedback regarding adjustment of a process control. Such response characteristic may relate to a vibrational metric regarding vibrational data and may comprise identifying a trend in data between a plurality of parts. Also presented are approaches to evaluation of parts, including batch evaluation of parts in which collective vibrational data regarding a plurality of parts belonging to a batch are analyzed. The process control aspects may be performed independently or in combination with part evaluation.
Generation of feedback for a part production process based on vibrational testing of parts produced by the part production process. A response characteristic may be identified from vibrational data regarding the parts that is correlated to a process variable of the part production process. The response characteristic may relate to a state of the process variable such that identification of the response characteristic may allow for generation of feedback regarding adjustment of a process control. Such response characteristic may relate to a vibrational metric regarding vibrational data and may comprise identifying a trend in data between a plurality of parts. Also presented are approaches to evaluation of parts, including batch evaluation of parts in which collective vibrational data regarding a plurality of parts belonging to a batch are analyzed. The process control aspects may be performed independently or in combination with part evaluation.
A part evaluation tool is disclosed and which may be used to assess a part-under-test for use in a system. A plurality of natural frequencies for a system operated at a first steady-state operational are identified. A vibrational response of a part-under-test is acquired, and resonance frequencies within this vibrational response are identified. Resonance frequencies of the part-under-test are compared with the identified natural frequencies for purposes of classifying the part as compliant (e.g., suitable for use in the system) or non-compliant (e.g., not suitable for use in the system).
Various embodiments relating to resonance inspections and in-service parts are disclosed. One protocol (150) includes conducting a resonance inspection of an in-service part (152). The frequency response of the in-service part may be compared with a resonance standard (154) for purposes of determining whether or not the in-service part is changing abnormally (156). An in-service part that is identified as changing abnormally may be characterized as being “rejected” (160). An in-service part that is no identified as changing abnormally may be characterized as being “accepted” (158).
G01N 22/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
G01N 29/46 - Processing the detected response signal by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis
G01N 29/44 - Processing the detected response signal
G01N 29/34 - Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
G01N 29/12 - Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
A resonance inspection tool is disclosed that may be configured to assign a part to a first classification (accepted part) or a second classification (rejected part) using a cluster combination array. Such a cluster combination array may be defined from a first cluster array having a plurality of first clusters (each being of the first classification), and from a second cluster array having a plurality of second clusters (each being of the second classification). One cluster combination array presents all possible combinations of the same first cluster from the first cluster array and each second cluster from the second cluster array, where each such cluster combination includes a corresponding sort. Another cluster combination array presents all possible combinations of the same second cluster from the second cluster array and each first cluster from the first cluster array, where each such cluster combination includes a corresponding sort.
A part (120) may be subjected to both a resonance inspection and a surface vibration inspection. Various protocols (230; 240; 250; 280; 260) are disclosed as to how the results of one or more of these inspections may be used to evaluate the part (120).
Various approaches for assessing a part for a defect are disclosed and that are based upon SAW modes. In one embodiment, a part-under-test (120) is excited. One or more SAW modes (206) are identified in the frequency response (240/260) of the part-under-test (120). A SAW mode area (248/266) in the frequency response of the part- under-test (120) is compared with a baseline SAW mode area (238/258) of a baseline frequency response (230/250) (and which may be associated with an acceptable part). This comparison may be used to determine if the part- under-test (120) may be characterized defective in at least some respect.
Various approaches for assessing a part for a defect are disclosed and that are based upon SAW modes. In one embodiment, a part-under-test (120) is excited. One or more SAW modes (206) are identified in the frequency response (240/260) of the part-under-test (120). A SAW mode area (248/266) in the frequency response of the part-under-test (120) is compared with a baseline SAW mode area (238/258) of a baseline frequency response (230/250) (and which may be associated with an acceptable part). This comparison may be used to determine if the part-under-test (120) may be characterized defective in at least some respect.
The density of gold and tungsten are almost identical, allowing for substitution by unscrupulous entities. The detection of the replacement is difficult to detect by common nondestructive testing methods, and repositories have resorted to drilling, cutting and melting samples of gold bars to certify their integrity. Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy allows a digital fingerprint to be produced, which has been shown to be effective in the detection of tampering. These spectra are representative of the dimensions, density and elastic constants of any solid object. Since the dimensions and density are essentially identical for pure and adulterated gold samples, only the elastic constant variance changes the spectral fingerprint. The method described in this application provides a reliable and accurate process to certify the integrity of gold samples.
A system and method for evaluating a part-under-test (120) is disclosed. The part-under-test (120) is excited using at least one drive frequency. A first surface acoustical wave (SAW) mode (206) is identified in the frequency response (200). A separate reference peak (204) for the identified SAW mode (206) is also identified in the frequency response (200). At least one degeneracy assessment zone (208) is evaluated for existence of a surface defect trigger condition. If a surface defect trigger condition exists, the part-under-test (120) may be rejected. Otherwise, the part-under-test (120) may be accepted.
A system and method for evaluating a part-under-test (120) is disclosed. The part-under-test (120) is excited using at least one drive frequency, as done in resonant ultrasound spectroscopy. A first surface acoustical wave (SAW) mode (206) is identified in the frequency response (200). A separate reference peak (204) for the identified SAW mode (206) is also identified in the frequency response (200). The zone in the frequency response (200) delimited by the reference peak (204 ) and the surface acoustical wave (SAW) mode (206) is defined as a degeneracy assessment zone (208). If an extra peak (210), refered as a degenerate peak, appears in the frequency response (200), the part-under-test (120) may be rejected. Otherwise, the part-under-test (120) may be accepted.
A waveform generator and a signal analyzer are respectively provided in electrical communication with an input transducer and an output transducer capable of conversion between electrical and acoustic signals, and in mechanical communication with a part. A processor coupled with the waveform generator and signal analyzer receives a set of parameters defining a frequency scan from which it determines a number of frequency sweeps to be performed by the waveform generator. Each of the frequency sweeps has a number of frequencies less than a maximum capacity of the waveform generator, and for each frequency sweep, the processor instructs the waveform generator to excite the input transducer and synchronously receiving a response signal with the signal analyzer at multiple frequencies.
A waveform generator and a signal analyzer are respectively provided in electrical communication with an input transducer and an output transducer capable of conversion between electrical and acoustic signals, and in mechanical communication with the part. A processor coupled with the waveform generator and signal analyzer receives a set of parameters defining a frequency scan from which it determines a number of frequency sweeps to be performed by the waveform generator. Each of the frequency sweeps has a number of frequencies less than a maximum capacity of the waveform generator, and for each frequency sweep, the processor instructs the waveform generator to excite the input transducer and synchronously receiving a response signal with the signal analyzer at multiple frequencies.
A part (120) may be inspected for defects by using to both resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy (RUS) and surface vibration analysis by laser vibrometry. Various protocols (230; 240; 250; 280; 260) are disclosed as to how the results of one or more of these inspections may be used to evaluate the part (120). Particularly, modes found in resonant ultrasonic spectroscopy can be identified using the surface vibration data.
G01N 29/12 - Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
G01N 29/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object - Details
G01N 29/44 - Processing the detected response signal
24.
Utilizing resonance inspection of in-service parts
Various embodiments relating to resonance inspections and in-service parts are disclosed. One protocol (150) includes conducting a resonance inspection of an in-service part (152). The frequency response of the in-service part may be compared with a resonance standard (154) for purposes of determining whether or not the in-service part is changing abnormally (156). An in-service part that is identified as changing abnormally may be characterized as being “rejected” (160). An in-service part that is no identified as changing abnormally may be characterized as being “accepted” (158).
G01N 22/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
G01N 29/46 - Processing the detected response signal by spectral analysis, e.g. Fourier analysis
G01N 29/44 - Processing the detected response signal
G01N 29/34 - Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
Various embodiments relating to resonance inspections and in-service parts are disclosed. One protocol (150) includes conducting a resonance inspection of an in-service part (152). The frequency response of the in-service part may be compared with a resonance standard (154) for purposes of determining whether or not the in-service part is changing abnormally (156). An in-service part that is identified as changing abnormally may be characterized as being "rejected" (160). An in-service part that is no identified as changing abnormally may be characterized as being "accepted" (158).
G01B 3/44 - Gauges with an open yoke and opposed faces, i.e. calipers, in which the internal distance between the faces is fixed, although it may be preadjustable of limit-gauge type, i.e. "go/no-go" preadjustable for wear or tolerance
