Abstract

The present invention provides an optical limiter, comprising optical limiting materials. Said optical limiting materials are capable of providing protection to sensitive optical elements, such as equipment comprising lenses or the lens of a human and/or animal anatomical eye, against laser induced damage.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02F 1/355 - Non-linear optics characterised by the materials used

Abstract

An omnidirectional antenna apparatus capable of operating in transmit and receive, comprising at least two directional antennas configured to be mountable in a substantially equi-spaced distributed array around and pointing away from a platform, wherein the antenna apparatus is configured such that, when operated in transmit, the directional antennas operate in phase with each other to deliver a combined omnidirectional performance, wherein the directional antennas operate only on a single polarisation.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
• H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
• H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path

Abstract

The invention provides a contact rig for undertaking experimental research in the field of contact hazards and evaluation of potential mitigation strategies, in particular under laboratory experimental conditions requiring high levels of biosafety, wherein the contact rig comprises: a body providing, or capable of accommodating, a target surface; and a head element configurable or configured in use to support a contact element, such that the contact element can be arranged in i) a first orientation, wherein the contact element is not aligned with the target surface and ii) a second orientation, wherein the contact element abuts the target surface. The invention also provides an associated system, use and methods.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/36 - Textiles
• G01N 3/00 - Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress

Abstract

An Acousto Optic Modulator Device has an Acousto Optic Modulator (AOM) 4 and an actuator controlled angle adjusting mirror, and means to pass light from an input port through the AOM to the adjustable angle mirror and back through the AOM to an output port. The effect of controlling the acoustic frequency in the AOM and the angle of the mirror is to selectively perform fine adjustments to the frequency of inlet laser light, permitting controlled or sudden changes.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02F 1/11 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
• G02F 1/33 - Acousto-optical deflection devices

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of detecting pulsed radiation, in particular to methods and apparatus suitable for use in detecting short pulse lasers and extracting their pulse repetition frequencies, and especially an improved computer implemented method for detecting a pulse repetition frequency of pulsed radiation using a sensor array of sensor elements arranged in element lines.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 11/00 - Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
• G01S 7/48 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group

Abstract

Blast pressure impulse gauge The present invention relates to the field of blast impulse pressure measurement device. Wherein the blast pressure impulse gauge (10) comprises a cylinder with a first open end (11), a closed second end (12) and a peripheral wall (22) between the ends, such as to form the compression chamber (14), filled with a pressure transfer medium comprising a fluid (20). Within the cylinder (13), there is a piston (17), having an external end for receiving a blast (18). At the second end (12) there is a pressure measurement means (19). In use a blast event impinges on the blast receiving end (18), pressure is transferred from the pressure plate (18) and cylinder (17) to the pressure measurement means (19) via the oil (20), such that the blast pressure impulse is measured. The device (10) is particularly suitable where there is a requirement for a configurable and robust measurement device.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01L 5/00 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
• G01L 5/14 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring the energy of projectiles
• G01L 7/16 - Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements in the form of pistons

Abstract

The invention relates tools for extracting a fastener such as a screw or bolt 108 from a panel 109. The tool 100 comprises a clamp 101 comprising adjustable opposable jaws 102 and 103. A screw engagement means 105 is pivotably mounted to the first jaw 102 such that the screw engagement means 105 can be independently rotated whilst clamped against the screw 108 to extract it from the panel 109. In use, the tool 100 clamps the panel 109 around the embedded fastener 108 so that the screw engagement means 105 is held compressed against the fastener 108 and can be rotated to extract the fastener 108 from the panel 109.

IPC Classes  ?

• B25B 5/10 - Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws
• B25B 15/04 - Screwdrivers operated by rotating the handle with ratchet action
• B25B 27/18 - Hand tools or bench devices, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same withdrawing broken threaded parts or twist drills

Abstract

In the invention there is provided a method of immobilising a target vehicle comprising the steps of: (i) providing a cutting means adapted to sever the inflation valve of a vehicle tyre, said inflation valve comprising a stem and a sealing valve wholly or partly located within the stem, (ii) positioning the cutting means against, around or over the stem, and (iii) activating the cutting means, wherein the cutting means is positioned such that, when activated, the sealing valve is removed or disrupted. The activation step preferably immediately follows the positioning step.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 25/09 - Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens by restraining wheel rotation, e.g. wheel clamps
• B60C 25/18 - Tools for mounting or demounting air valves

Abstract

The invention provides for an ionisation chamber suitable for the detection of radioactive gas in air. The chamber has an annular collection electrode and an annular polarising electrode, each electrode having a diameter, a proximate end and a distal end, the proximate ends of both electrodes being fixed at a base plate, wherein each electrode is supported by an insulator, wherein the insulator supporting polarising electrode comprises an outer ring and an inner ring, the outer ring having a diameter corresponding that of the polarising electrode.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01J 47/02 - Ionisation chambers

Abstract

A multispectral image sensor, and a method of use, is provided. The multispectral image sensor has a broadband image sensor and a spectral filter. The broadband image sensor has a plurality of pixels arranged in an array and the broadband image sensor has a plurality of filter elements arranged in an array. Each of the filter elements is coupled with one of more pixels. Each filter element has a passband in a receivable wavelength range of the broadband image sensor. Each filter element has a film with a negative value of permittivity in the passband of the filter element. The film has a plurality of holes, each hole having a dielectric material. The passband of at least two of the filter elements are different.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 3/28 - Investigating the spectrum
• G02B 5/20 - Filters
• G02B 5/00 - Optical elements other than lenses

Abstract

The invention provides a filter for a dynamic airflow carrying airborne particles, the filter comprising a deflecting means that directs the dynamic airflow from an air inlet to an air outlet, via at least one adhesive layer to capture airborne particles. In related aspects, the invention is concerned with an associated insert, housing, system and uses.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 45/10 - Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators which are wetted

Abstract

Multipurpose warhead A multipurpose warhead (10) having an outer casing housing explosive material and a detonation means (19). The casing having a forward section (11) having a first charge (13), and a rearward section (14) having a second charge (16). Wherein the forward section outer casing (12) is stronger then the rearward section outer casing (15). In use the warhead (10) provides multiple effects. This is particularly suited for use against different target types. Also realtes to a weapons system.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 12/22 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
• F42C 19/00 - AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR - Details of fuzes
• F42B 12/76 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing

Abstract

A Rydberg sensor for detecting radio signals has a Rydberg vapour cell and input and output units for probe and control laser beams, where the input and output units split respective input laser beams into respective arrays to intersect oppositely within the vapour cell. The input and output units each contain an array of beamsplitters which preferably have successively increasing splitter ratio along the array, and preferably the beamsplitters are prisms arranged to abut one another and which are bonded to each other and to the vacuum cell to provide resilience to vibration in use. Data or signals from a respective array of photodetectors are passed to a computer processor to measure and discriminate an incident radio signal, for example at a specific frequency and incident angle, in preference to others.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 29/08 - Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics

Abstract

A computer implemented method of detecting a drone 200 from a micro-Doppler signature. The method comprising the steps of controlling a computer processor to perform the steps of: receiving signal data of a re-radiated signal 303 from a wireless communication device 212 on a drone 200 following stimulation of the wireless communication device 212 by a predetermined signal 301. Applying a detection operation to the re-radiated signal 303 data to detect a micro-Doppler signature. Wherein the detection operation comprises applying a predetermined criterion for distinguishing at least one known micro-Doppler signature of a wireless communication device on a drone, from at least one known signature of a wireless communication device that is not on a drone. Declaring the detection of a drone 200 in response to a positive detection based on the predetermined criterion. Characterised in that: the re-radiated signal 303 comprises fundamental component 400 and harmonic components 410/420. The frequency of the harmonic components 410/420 being substantially N integer multiples of the fundamental component 400; wherein N is greater than 1. The computer processor performs the further steps of: extracting harmonic component 410/420 data from the re-radiated signal 303 data; and then applying the detection operation to the harmonic component 410/420 data. The method provides higher confidence and fidelity in detection of a drone than approaches of the prior art.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
• H04K 3/00 - Jamming of communication; Counter-measures

Abstract

A method and system is provided for processing audio information in a digital signal processor, where the audio information is either received from a microphone array or applied to a loudspeaker array. The digital signal processor applies a double delay-and-subtract beamforming algorithm to two non-collinear pairs of microphone outputs or loudspeaker inputs to provide an array with improved directionality and more uniform signal rejection away from the main beam of the beam formed signal. This can be further improved by tessellating multiple arrays into a macro-array and superimposing their responses.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04R 3/00 - Circuits for transducers
• H04R 5/04 - Circuit arrangements
• H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
• H04R 3/12 - Circuits for transducers for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
• H04R 5/027 - Spatial or constructional arrangements of microphones, e.g. in dummy heads
• H04R 25/00 - Deaf-aid sets

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-tamper container for storing, transporting and optionally dispensing a stack of banknotes, in particular an anti-tamper container in the form of an Automated Teller Machine (ATM) cassette or a cash-in-transit box, wherein the container comprises at least one vessel containing a spoiling agent in fluid communication with the stack of banknotes, wherein the spoiling agent is a liquid phase material in a temperature range greater than or equal to 100 °C. The invention also provides an associated cash dispenser machine, preferably an ATM, an insert for an anti-tamper container and associated methods and uses.

IPC Classes  ?

• G07D 11/125 - Secure containers
• G07D 11/13 - Containers for valuable papers with internal means for handling valuable papers
• G07D 11/225 - Means for sensing or detection for detecting or indicating tampering

Abstract

The present invention is concerned with a system for retaining/restraining objects in a vehicle, wherein the system is capable of slowing down acceleration of objects in a vehicle, and in particular a retention system for restraining dogs in a vehicle, particularly working dogs.

IPC Classes  ?

• B60R 22/10 - Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles specially adapted for children or animals
• A01K 27/00 - Leads or collars, e.g. for dogs

Abstract

There is provided adaptive armour comprising a precursor armour structure formed from an anti-ballistic material, wherein the precursor armour structure comprises one or more receptacles adapted to receive and contain an infill material so as to increase the ballistic performance of the adaptive armour. Optionally, the adaptive armour comprises a plurality of receptacles. Various specific embodiments are described. The invention extends to a corresponding system, method and use.

IPC Classes  ?

• F41H 5/04 - Plate construction composed of more than one layer
• F41H 5/24 - Armour; Armour plates; Shields for stationary use, e.g. fortifications
• F41H 7/04 - Armour construction

Abstract

A jet vectoring apparatus has a nozzle (1) which comprises a throat aperture (8) and an exit aperture (9), the apparatus also having a post exit surface (10). Variation of at least one of the throat aperture (8), exit aperture (9) and post exit surface causes a pressure differential upon the post exit surface which permits the direction of propulsive jet flow (3) (also known as jet thrust) to be varied relative to the longitudinal axis (2) of the apparatus.

IPC Classes  ?

• F02K 1/00 - Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
• F02K 1/09 - Varying effective area of jet pipe or nozzle by axially moving an external member, e.g. a shroud
• F02K 1/16 - Control or regulation conjointly with another control
• F02K 9/86 - Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof characterised by thrust or thrust vector control using nozzle throats of adjustable cross-section
• F02K 9/90 - Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof characterised by thrust or thrust vector control using deflectors

Abstract

Projectile launch apparatus (20) for use in a fluid environment. The apparatus (20) comprises a launch tube (21) having a supercavitating projectile (24) with cavitator (29) received within the launch tube (21). A means for generating expulsion gas (not visible) is arranged to provide expulsion gas to propel the projectile (24) from the launch tube (21), with means for bleeding expulsion gas (31, 32) being provided to bleed a portion of expulsion gas around the projectile (24). This allows expulsion gases to contribute to the formation of the gas cavity around the supercavitating projectile (24) as the projectile (24) is launched from the launch tube (21). Particularly suited to the deployment of supercavitating projectiles underwater, such as in underwater mine disposal applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• F41F 3/10 - Rocket or torpedo launchers for marine torpedoes from below the surface of the water
• F42B 14/02 - Driving bands; Rotating bands
• F42B 17/00 - Rocket torpedoes, i.e. missiles provided with separate propulsion means for movement through air and through water
• F42B 19/12 - Propulsion specially adapted for torpedoes
• F42B 10/42 - Streamlined projectiles

Abstract

In various embodiments the present invention relates to system and method of additive manufacturing metal component, alloy component or metal matrix composite component by the application of induction heating of feedstock material in the form of wire, cored wire or rods combined with induction heating of a shielding gas to energise a deposition layer. In particular, a novel deposition method is proposed whereby the feedstock the material is deposited by locally melting only the outer surface of the material through skin effect induction heating whilst the bulk of material does not experience melting.

IPC Classes  ?

• B22F 10/25 - Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
• B22F 12/53 - Nozzles
• B23K 10/02 - Plasma welding
• B23K 13/01 - Welding by high-frequency current heating by induction heating
• B33Y 10/00 - Processes of additive manufacturing
• B33Y 30/00 - ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING - Details thereof or accessories therefor
• B33Y 70/10 - Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials

Abstract

A method and tracker for determining the location of an object, such as a parcel or luggage. The tracker periodically transmits a wireless access point beacon comprising SSID (network name) and a MAC address, in accordance with an IEEE 802.11 standard, has a power storage device, and an energy harvesting module. A server monitors data from 3rd party mobile devices regarding the locations of wifi beacons, and the user is informed of the relevant location if the beacon of the tracker is uploaded to the server. When the tracker is moved and/or it comes into range of one of the wireless portable devices, the user is informed of its location. This enables indefinite tracking especially in urban areas, worldwide.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves

Abstract

The present invention is concerned with kits, methods and apparatus for analysing a biological sample from a subject to predict and/or monitor the development of infection and/or organ dysfunction and/or sepsis utilising groups of nucleic acid markers to predict the development of infection and/or organ dysfunction and/or sepsis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6883 - Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material

Abstract

The present invention is concerned with kits, methods and apparatus for analysing a biological sample from a subject to predict and/or monitor the development of infection and/or organ dysfunction and/or sepsis utilising groups of nucleic acid markers to predict the development of infection and/or organ dysfunction and/or sepsis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6883 - Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material

Abstract

The present invention is concerned with kits, methods and apparatus for analysing a biological sample from a subject to predict and/or monitor the development of infection and/or organ dysfunction and/or sepsis utilising groups of nucleic acid markers to predict the development of infection and/or organ dysfunction and/or sepsis.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6883 - Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fragment launching devices, wherein the fragment launcher (100) has a casing (101), a launch aperture (105) and a detonation position (108), wherein the inner profile of the casing (101) tapers from the main body (101) towards the fragment launch aperture (105) and from the main body (101) to the detonation position (108). A fragment is held within the launch aperture (105), such that when in use an explosive charge (109) can be initiated to launch the fragment from the launcher (100). The launcher (100) is particularly suited to uses where there is a requirement to launch a fragment in a consistent and repeatable manner. Also relates to a method of use.

IPC Classes  ?

• F41A 31/00 - Testing arrangements
• F41F 7/00 - Launching-apparatus for projecting missiles or projectiles otherwise than from barrels
• F42B 5/02 - Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile

Abstract

A thumbturn device (1) is provided with a hanger (2), to hang it from a doorhandle (5) to position a slot (3) over the thumbturn or key (6) that is below the doorhandle. The device may be flat and of unitary construction, providing a simple mechanism that provides convenient control over whether the thumbturn/key is free to turn or not.

IPC Classes  ?

• E05B 13/04 - Devices preventing the key or the handle or both from being used shaped as fork-like implements grasping and fixing the key

Abstract

22=CR12x2y3 3 Such Raman substrates provide a means for detecting materials that are not strongly SERS active, such as explosives RDX and PETN.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 3/44 - Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry
• G01N 21/65 - Raman scattering

Abstract

The invention relates to protein biomarkers representing protein biomarker signatures to assess a patient who may develop sepsis, or who may have developed sepsis. The invention relates in particular to methods for assessment or monitoring with respect to diagnosis, prediction or progression of sepsis in a patient, as well as the responsiveness to, or selection of suitable agents for, the treatment of sepsis. The invention also relates to the use of protein biomarkers representing protein biomarker signatures for sepsis, and associated kits and system.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 33/68 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids

Abstract

There is provided an injury protection device for reducing abrasion injury from a face mask, said device comprising a body contoured to fit around a human ear, wherein the contoured body comprises a longitudinal groove adapted to receive a strap from the face mask. The body may be contoured to fit around the upper region of the ear, for example a region at most forward of the triangular fossa to a region at most half way down the helix. In use, greater than or equal to 50% by mass of the device may be comprised in a region at the top of the ear. The invention extends to a corresponding method and use.

IPC Classes  ?

• A41D 13/05 - Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
• A41D 13/11 - Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
• A61F 11/06 - Protective devices for the ears

Abstract

A directional antenna (300), comprising a planar antenna (302) having a main radiating element (303) for generating radiation of a predetermined wavelength, and a beam focussing module (305) for focussing the radiation along an antenna boresight, the beam focussing module (305) comprising a parasitic beam focussing element (307) configured to resonate at the predetermined wavelength and a means for mounting (306) the parasitic beam focussing element (307) onto the planar antenna (302), wherein the parasitic beam focussing element (307) comprises a planar disc of electrically conductive material, the means for mounting (306) being arranged to hold the planar disc substantially parallel to and physically separated from the main radiating element (303) of the planar antenna (302), such that the parasitic beam focussing element (307) can electromagnetically couple to the main radiating element (303) at any polarisation. This focuses the beam around the antenna boresight at multiple polarisations.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 1/24 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
• H01Q 15/08 - Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
• H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
• H01Q 15/04 - Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism comprising wave-guiding channel or channels bounded by effective conductive surfaces substantially perpendicular to the electric vector of the wave, e.g. parallel-plate waveguide lens
• H01Q 21/26 - Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
• H01Q 9/28 - Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
• H01Q 19/10 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
• H01Q 19/185 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are plane

Abstract

A training device comprises at least one sensor (1) configured to track the motion of one or more limbs (15), at least one processor (2) and at least one screen (3). The processor (2) is configured to process data from the at least one sensor (1) and recreate the motion of one or more limbs (15) and present it to the at least one screen (3), and the recreation of motion of the one or more limbs (15) is displayed variably based on one or more controllable or variable adjustment factors, and different parts of the or each limb (15) may be provided with one or more different adjustment factors.

IPC Classes  ?

• G09B 19/00 - Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass

Abstract

The present invention is concerned with personal protective equipment (PPE), and especially PPE for providing eye and ear protection, from contaminants, for example dust or aerosols that may contain viruses or microorganisms. The PPE generates an air shield about the face to prevent ingress of the contaminants into the eyes and ears.

IPC Classes  ?

• A62B 18/00 - Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes
• A42B 3/28 - Ventilating arrangements
• A61F 9/02 - Goggles

Abstract

Computer implemented method for detecting pulsed radiation. A CMOS sensor array being irradiated across at least a portion of the array with pulsed radiation is addressed using a rolling shutter operation 40. The sensor array is read 41 to extract the integrated energy from each sensor element and convert the integrated energy into a pixel value for a pixel in a radiation image. A pulse detection operation 42 is then applied to the radiation image to obtain a pulse repetition frequency 47 of the pulsed radiation. The pulse detection operation 42 includes the steps of extracting a beat signal, calculating a beat frequency 44 and peak to trough ratio 45 from the beat signal, and determining the pulse repetition frequency 47 therefrom. Particularly suited to the technical field of pulsed laser detection. Also relates to a pulse detector for the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 11/00 - Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
• G01S 7/48 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group

Abstract

A casing for a fragmentation weapon has a fragmentation layer 1 of preformed fragments 3 slidably fitted within preformed cells 6 of a lattice 2 sandwiched between an inner casing layer 4 and outer casing layer 5. The casing is particularly suited to use in fragmentation weapons and warheads. Upon detonation of the weapon, the preformed fragments 3 can freely separate from their cells 6 without being attached to the lattice 2 or other fragments 3.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 12/32 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein

Abstract

An industrial programmable logic controller (PLC) (1), comprises physical input interfaces (2, 9) and a physical output interface (3), volatile memory (4) for working data and non-volatile memory (5) for statically compiled code (8) and a microprocessor (6), wherein: the compiled code defines, or calls, an instruction set of an interpreted language, expressed in the compiled language, with opcodes defining operations, and the volatile memory comprises opcodes (7) defining software patching code to be executed, including to read input data via one of the physical input interfaces, to authenticate the input data as a software patch and to modify the opcodes such as to patch the PLC. This enables the PLC software to be patched, without needing to pause the operation of the PLC, and without enabling modification by an unauthorised person.

IPC Classes  ?

• G05B 19/05 - Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts

Abstract

Apparatus for stand-off Raman spectroscopy, comprising optical imaging device (e.g. a sight, e.g. of a rifle), Laser, Optical apparatus (optionally in the form of an adapter) with a wavelength band filter and optical dispersion means (e.g. grating) to disperse a Raman spectrum to an image sensor, and focusing means wherein the laser is a pulsed laser, and each of the detector elements of the array comprises a frequency band pass filter for detecting light pulses in preference to background radiation. Each detector element is provided with a first charge storage element to store charge, connected via a frequency band pass filter to a second charge storage element arranged to store charge preferentially resulting from high frequency light pulses. This may be performed in the short wave infrared spectrum. The image sensor can also have conventional detector elements, enabling viewing of a scene whilst simultaneously obtaining a Raman spectrum of a target in the scene. Advantageously this may be implemented in a rifle sight, optionally by means of an adapter arranged so that the rifle sight can be readily switched from conventional viewing mode to stand off Raman spectroscopy mode.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 3/02 - Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours - Details
• F41G 11/00 - WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING - Details of sighting or aiming apparatus; Accessories
• G01J 3/28 - Investigating the spectrum
• G01J 3/44 - Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry
• G01N 21/65 - Raman scattering
• H04N 5/3745 - Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors having additional components embedded within a pixel or connected to a group of pixels within a sensor matrix, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components

Abstract

A computer implemented method (70) of un-mixing mixed spectrum data of a physical location received from a spectroscopic measurement device (71). A spatial image of the physical location is received and segmented into a plurality of segments (72). A plurality of sets of endmember spectra are generated with each set comprising an endmember spectrum assigned to each of the segments of the spatial image (73). Abundance optimisation operations are performed (74) to generate abundance values for each endmember spectrum that optimise a cost function (75), thereby generating modelled spectrums. The modelled spectrum that optimises the cost function is output as the unmixed spectrum (78). The cost function (75) comprises a spectral similarity term (76) quantifying a difference between the mixed spectrum data and the respective modelled spectrum, and a structural similarity term (77) quantifying a difference between the spatial image and respective modelled spectrum. Using both terms ensures the un-mixed spectrum more accurately reflects the physical attributes of the physical location from which the mixed spectrum was observed. Particularly suited to the field of hyperspectral imagery.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 5/00 - Image enhancement or restoration

Abstract

A distributed spectrum monitoring system comprises a plurality of antennas (12) deployed in a geographically distributed array remote from a control station location (14). Each antenna (12) is operably connected to a computer controlled real-time spectrum analyser (20) via RF/optic conversion means and a fibre optic cable run (18). A synchronisation source (24) synchronises received signals in the time and frequency domains. The spectrum analysers (20) and synchronisation source (24) are networked to a master control computer (28) means all configured to be collocated at the control station location (14), such that a remote sample of the EM environment can be captured and characterised in real-time.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 17/309 - Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters

Abstract

The invention provides an airborne passive decoy system for use in the radio waveband, the system comprising a controllable aerial propulsion unit and one or more retroreflectors, wherein the one or more retroreflectors are mounted on, contained within or otherwise borne by the controllable propulsion unit, and wherein the system is configured such that the one or more retroreflectors can be deployed as a decoy at a desired location and/or time. The system is an integral system which does not rely on tethers, cables or suchlike. Related methods and uses are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• B64C 39/00 - Aircraft not otherwise provided for
• B64D 3/02 - Aircraft adaptations to facilitate towing or being towed for towing targets
• F41J 2/00 - Reflecting targets, e.g. radar-reflector targets; Active targets transmitting electromagnetic waves
• F41J 9/10 - Airborne targets, e.g. drones, kites, balloons towed

Abstract

A computer implemented method of decoding a signal (30) which comprises receiving a signal (31) (which may be an electromagnetic signal), sampling the received signal to generate an input waveform having magnitude and phase components (32), applying a transform operation to the input waveform to generate a first decoded signal, and then outputting the first decoded signal (35). The transform operation comprises pre-processing the input waveform to generate a mirrored inverted waveform (33) and then applying a continuous wavelet transform to the mirrored inverted waveform (34) to generate the first decoded signal. This allows inversion of the frequency and temporal resolution of the continuous wavelet transform, thereby enabling improved temporal and frequency decoding of a signal. Particularly suitable for signal filters and filtering units.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 27/00 - Modulated-carrier systems
• G06F 17/14 - Fourier, Walsh or analogous domain transformations
• G06K 9/62 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means

Abstract

A vehicle antenna apparatus, comprising a plurality of directional antenna elements (23, 24) arranged to be mountable in a distributed array around and pointing away from a vehicle (20), and powering means configured to power the directional antenna elements (23, 24) in phase with each other. The antenna apparatus further comprises an omnidirectional antenna (21) arranged to be mountable with the vehicle (20), with the powering means being further configured to power the omnidirectional antenna (21) in-phase with the directional antenna elements (23, 24). This provides a combined radiative performance radiating away from the vehicle (20) suitable for communications applications. Also relates to a method of use and manufacture of the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
• H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
• H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path

Abstract

A MIMO antenna (10) comprising first (11) and second (12) spatially separated PIFA antenna elements arranged parallel each other in an antenna plane to radiate in substantially the same direction. The first (11) and second (12) PIFA elements comprise respective first (16a) and second (16b) antenna feeds arranged in respective first and second feed planes (A, B). The feed planes (A, B) are arranged to be perpendicular each other to mitigate mutual coupling. Particularly suitable for use in compact antenna designs or space constrained applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 1/52 - Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
• H01Q 9/04 - Resonant antennas
• H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems

Abstract

A method, computer system and computer-readable medium for determining a surface pattern for a target object using an evolutionary algorithm such as a genetic algorithm, a parameterized texture-generating function, a 3D renderer for rendering images of a 3D model of the target object with a texture obtained from the parameterized texture generating function, and an object recognition model to process the images and predict whether or not the image contains an object of the target object's type or category. Sets of parameters are generated using the evolutionary algorithm and the accuracy of the object recognition model's prediction of the images with the 3D model textured according to each set of parameters is used to determine a fitness score, by which sets of parameters are scored for the purpose of obtaining future further generations of sets of parameters, such as by genetic algorithm operations such as mutation and crossover operations. The surface pattern is obtained based on the images of the 3D model rendered with a surface texture generated according to a high-scoring set of parameters.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• G06K 9/62 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means
• G06T 15/04 - Texture mapping

Abstract

Apparatus is provided, and method of communicating between drones. Two drones are provided, a remote drone able to perform predetermined stored gestures and a local drone having a sensor to detect such gestures (e.g. a camera) and determine whether the movement comprises the predetermined gestures. If the performed gestures match the stored gestures the remote drone is authenticated. A drone may have both sets of functionality to enable two-way handshake protocol. Once the handshake protocol has been completed, transmission of further data is also possible. Movement gestures may include pseudo-random movements such as North, South, West, East, Up Down, and may have varying duration or delays between them. Since not all gestures will be visible to the receiving drone a statistical test is applied to determine whether there is a sufficient match to the predetermined code. The advantage is that a drone may authenticate and potentially share data with another drone, where transmissions are undesirable.

IPC Classes  ?

• B64C 39/02 - Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
• G06K 9/62 - Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means
• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• G05D 1/00 - Control of position, course, altitude, or attitude of land, water, air, or space vehicles, e.g. automatic pilot
• G06F 21/44 - Program or device authentication
• G05D 1/10 - Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions
• H04W 4/00 - Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor

Abstract

Video camera or video camera module, comprising an RGB image sensor, a computer processor adapted to perform pre-processing followed by video compression, and a dazzle detector, characterised in responding to dazzle in one colour channel by reducing values in that colour channel prior to compressing the video data. This has the advantage that in the event of laser dazzle that is specific to a colour channel, the compressed video data generated will retain more detail from the other colour channels compared to a conventional camera.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 3/40 - Scaling of a whole image or part thereof
• H04N 5/217 - Circuitry for suppressing or minimising disturbance, e.g. moire or halo in picture signal generation
• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• H04N 5/232 - Devices for controlling television cameras, e.g. remote control
• H04N 9/04 - Picture signal generators

Abstract

A dual polarised planar antenna (10) comprising first (12) and second (13) antenna elements having respective orthogonal polarisations, the antenna elements (12, 13) being arranged in a back-to-back configuration and fed directly by respective first and second antenna feeds (15), wherein the dual polarised planar antenna (10) further comprises a parasitic element (14) arranged between the antenna elements (12, 13) such that in-use the antenna feeds (15) are decoupled. Particularly suited to low profile antennas and compact antenna base stations. Also relates to a method of manufacture.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 1/52 - Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
• H01Q 9/28 - Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
• H01Q 19/10 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
• H01Q 19/185 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are plane
• H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
• H01Q 21/26 - Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
• H01Q 1/24 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set

Abstract

A projectile (601) for piercing a casing of a mine containing an explosive material, comprising a projectile body having a nose portion (603) and a tail portion (604) and a longitudinal axis, a switch, and electrodes (605, 606) separated such that in use an electrical discharge can flow between them through an explosive material contained within a mine, or to initiate an energetic material comprised between the electrodes to detonate an explosive material contained within a mine. Also provided is a method of mine disposal.

IPC Classes  ?

• F41H 11/12 - Means for clearing land minefields; Systems specially adapted for detection of landmines
• F41H 13/00 - Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
• F42B 33/06 - Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets, or bombs

Abstract

The invention relates to devices and methods of characterising a single unknown pulse signal. They create multiple replica of the original that may be more reliably measured, by dividing the signal through nodes and using different signal pathways that may apply a temporal delay. The device and methods have multiple fields of application, most notably with the internal confinement fusion industry.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 11/00 - Measuring the characteristics of individual optical pulses or of optical pulse trains
• G01R 29/02 - Measuring characteristics of individual pulses, e.g. deviation from pulse flatness, rise time or duration
• G01S 7/486 - Receivers
• H01S 3/00 - Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
• H03K 5/13 - Arrangements having a single output and transforming input signals into pulses delivered at desired time intervals

Abstract

A method (10) of regenerating a signal is provided. The method involves sampling (13) a received signal to obtain a plurality of samples each having an associated magnitude. The samples are sorted (15) to obtain a statistical distribution (which may be a histogram). Known distributions are fitted to the statistical distribution using a fitting operation (16, 17), and for each a measure of similarity is obtained. A matched distribution is then determined from the measures of similarity (18), that is subsequently used to regenerate a signal (12) that itself is statistically representative of the originally sampled signal. Such a method mitigates the storage burden associated with the recording and subsequent regeneration of representative wireless signal environments for wireless device testing. Also relates to an apparatus for the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 17/00 - Monitoring; Testing
• H04B 17/318 - Received signal strength
• H04B 17/391 - Modelling the propagation channel
• H04B 17/26 - Monitoring; Testing of receivers using historical data, averaging values or statistics

Abstract

e.ge.g. iris) and an optical limiter device. The optical limiter comprises two layers (6, 7) of non-linear optical limiter material, and at least the one closest to the image sensor (5) has a front surface that is vulnerable to high intensity light, such that in a maximum-aperture size (lowest f number) situation if an incoming laser pulse was sufficiently intense to otherwise damage the image sensor, then this would instead cause blackening and/or distortion to that location on that front surface of the optical limiter material, thereby offering enhanced protection to the image sensor. Whilst the blackened and/or distorted patch that is formed leads to a dark spot on the resulting images and this persists afterwards, it has been found that this can be partially addressed using software and is far preferable to the image sensor not working.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 26/02 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
• G02F 1/35 - Non-linear optics

Abstract

A captive piston projectile (40) comprising a payload housing (43), a piston assembly attached to the payload housing (43), and actuation means (46) for urging the piston assembly from a stowed configuration to an extended configuration. The piston assembly comprises a tubular piston member (41) attached around the periphery of the payload housing (43), the attachment optionally being in the form of a circumferential groove (42) within which the piston member (41) can slide. This provides increased thrust whilst maintaining payload volume. Particularly suited to use with barrelled weapons, and also relates to a method of manufacture.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 5/10 - Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile with self-propelled bullet
• F42B 5/184 - Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases telescopic

Abstract

An electromagnetic pulse detector (10) comprising an antenna (11) and a means for processing pulses (12), wherein the antenna (11) is configured to receive an electromagnetic pulse and to generate therefrom a dispersed electrical pulse, the means for processing pulses (12) being configured to operate on the dispersed electrical pulse. The reduced temporal burden on the means for processing pulses (12) facilitates relatively low cost signal processing. Particularly suited to detection of electromagnetic pulses over a wide geographic area.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01R 29/08 - Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics

Abstract

A test-rig (10) for assessing the performance of a liquid-jet barrelled disruptor (19) comprises a mount (20) for supporting a disruptor at a predetermined stand-off from an impact surface (16). The total linear momentum delivered by the jet at the impact surface (16) is measured using a ballistic sled (12) and the central axial impulse load of the jet is measured using a pressure gauge (18), such that a coherence metric, which characterises how focussed the jet is, can be derived. A method for assessing the performance of a liquid-jet barrelled disruptor is also described.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 35/00 - Testing or checking of ammunition
• G01L 5/14 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring the energy of projectiles

Abstract

A reconfigurable piston (10) suitable for use in a piston actuator. The reconfigurable piston (10) comprises a tubular piston rod (11) into which rod ballast (13) can be received, and retention means (optionally end plates (12a) and 12b) for securing the rod ballast (13) within the tubular piston rod (11). This allows the mass of the piston rod (11) to be varied to vary acceleration for a constant applied force, as can be required in airsoft applications. Also relates to a method of manufacture.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16F 9/02 - Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only
• F15B 15/14 - Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
• F16F 9/32 - Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium - Details
• F41B 11/642 - Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas having a piston effecting a compressor stroke during the firing of each shot the piston being spring operated

Abstract

A piston housing (11) is provided that is suitable for receiving a piston rod (26). The piston housing (11) comprises a body (20) defining a tubular region within which a piston rod (26) can slide, and a sleeve retention means (25) for securing a removable sleeve liner (31) within the tubular region. The internal diameter of the tubular region can therefore be reconfigured to receive a piston rod (26) having a predetermined rod-diameter. The piston housing (11) is particularly suited to use in interior ballistics measurement. Also relates to a piston apparatus comprising the housing (11), and related method of manufacture and use.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 35/00 - Testing or checking of ammunition
• G01L 5/14 - Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring the energy of projectiles

Abstract

A pipe clamp (20) for inhibiting fluid flow through a flexible pipe, comprising first (21) and second (22) contact members for positioning on opposing sides of a flexible pipe, and actuation means (29), optionally a pyrotechnically driven piston actuator, for automatically urging the contact members together, such that in-use a flexible pipe can be pinched closed. Particularly suited to inhibiting fluid flow in pipework under repair, or emergency shut off of fluid flow in failed pipework. Also relates to a pinch valve and method of use.

IPC Classes  ?

• F16L 55/10 - Means for stopping flow in pipes or hoses
• F16K 7/02 - Diaphragm cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage with tubular diaphragm
• F16K 7/04 - Diaphragm cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage with tubular diaphragm constrictable by external radial force
• F16K 7/06 - Diaphragm cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage with tubular diaphragm constrictable by external radial force by means of a screw-spindle, cam, or other mechanical means
• F16K 7/07 - Diaphragm cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage with tubular diaphragm constrictable by external radial force by means of fluid pressure

Abstract

A method of sampling for trace substances and apparatus for the same. An item to be sampled is placed in an item holder (20), the item holder (20) comprising retention means (21) (optionally a frame) for holding the item, and adjustment means (22) for positioning and orientating retention means (21). The retention means (21) is orientated to a predetermined orientation using the adjustment means (22). The item within the item holder (20) is then sampled using sampling apparatus (25) (optionally a swab). This improves the repeatability of sampling, particularly for direct sampling methods and apparatus used in security screening.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/00 - Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
• G01N 1/02 - Devices for withdrawing samples

Abstract

A sensing element is provided for use in a system for measuring fluid flow, such as, turbulent air flow. The sensing element comprises a sensor body and a first load cell arrangement connected to the sensor body. The sensor body has a three dimensional shape which is rotationally symmetric about a longitudinal axis passing through the first load cell arrangement and the sensor body. The first load cell arrangement is configured to measure the force exerted on the sensor body by fluid flow in at least an xy plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. A system for measuring fluid flow comprising the sensing element and a method for measuring fluid flow using the sensing element and the system are also provided.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01P 5/02 - Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer
• G01P 5/04 - Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring forces exerted by the fluid on solid bodies, e.g. anemometer using deflection of baffle-plates
• G01F 1/28 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by detection of dynamic effects of the flow by drag-force, e.g. vane type or impact flowmeter

Abstract

The present invention is concerned with improved apparatus and methods for retrieving ferromagnetic objects from bodies of water.

IPC Classes  ?

• B63C 7/22 - Apparatus engaging vessels or objects using electromagnets or suction devices
• B63C 11/52 - Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
• H01F 7/02 - Permanent magnets
• H01F 7/04 - Means for releasing the attractive force
• H01F 7/14 - Pivoting armatures

Abstract

A method for determining the directional frequency response of an arrangement of transducer elements. The method comprises providing a simulation of locations of the transducer elements, in the spatial domain; providing a beamforming direction and a frequency range; converting the simulation of locations from the spatial domain into corresponding frequency response values in a spatial frequency domain, such that, for each frequency of a plurality of frequencies in the frequency range, a spatial frequency contour is defined, each of the spatial frequency contours intersecting at the origin; determining the frequency response by applying a transformation to the frequency response values for the provided beamforming direction and frequency range, translating the spatial frequency domain into a modified frequency domain, wherein the contours avoid intersecting; and outputting the frequency response. There is further provided a data processing device adapted to perform the method, a computer program, and a computer-readable medium.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 29/22 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object - Details
• G01N 29/26 - Arrangements for orientation or scanning
• G01N 29/34 - Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
• G01N 29/44 - Processing the detected response signal
• G10K 11/34 - Sound-focusing or directing, e.g. scanning using electrical steering of transducer arrays, e.g. beam steering
• H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
• H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
• H04R 1/20 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
• G01N 29/30 - Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects

Abstract

A method of detecting an explosion comprising the steps of locating means for detecting ionisation (12) (optionally an ionisation pin) remotely to an explosive source (11); and then detecting at least a first explosively generated ionisation event (17) using the means for detecting ionisation (12), following detonation of the explosive source (11). Particularly suited to very near-field overpressure measurement applications. Also relates to apparatus for the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 35/00 - Testing or checking of ammunition

Abstract

A method of testing wireless devices (optionally mobile phone handsets) having means for generating feedback data in response to received signals. A wireless device is located in a reverberation chamber (20) with a provided base station antenna (21) and optionally a noise antenna (24). A reference signal (22) and optionally a noise signal (25) are transmitted to the wireless device from the respective base station and noise antennas. Feedback data from the wireless device (optionally reference signal received power 'RSRP' and quality 'RSRQ') is extracted (23), enabling the performance of the wireless device in the given signal environment to be measured. Particularly suited to laboratory testing of mobile phone handsets in representative signal environments. Also relates to a test configuration for performing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04B 17/29 - Performance testing

Abstract

The present invention provides a synthetic nucleic acid for use in methods for interrogating samples suspected of comprising trace DNA. The present invention is especially concerned with forensic analysis of trace DNA, and especially methods and products for achieving collection, extraction and amplification of trace DNA samples capable of limiting the loss of the trace DNA, whilst improving the amplification and the subsequent likelihood of achieving positive sequencing of the trace DNA.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/6806 - Preparing nucleic acids for analysis, e.g. for polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay
• C12Q 1/6848 - Nucleic acid amplification reactions characterised by the means for preventing contamination or increasing the specificity or sensitivity of an amplification reaction

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for the visualisation of a print on an object, the apparatus comprising: a base comprising a heating element in thermal communication with a receptacle for storing an agent, a housing to provide a sealed chamber; and a port for applying a vacuum to, or releasing a vacuum from, the sealed chamber. The invention is particularly for the visualisation of a fingerprint such as a latent fingerprint. The invention also relates to a system incorporating the apparatus with a cartridge and agent, and associated methods and uses for visualising a print on an object.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/1172 - Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof using fingerprinting

Abstract

The present invention provides devices, which devices are manikins, and methods for simulating a drowning scenario, in particular to aid in locating of missing persons in waterways.

IPC Classes  ?

• G09B 19/00 - Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
• G09B 23/30 - Anatomical models

Abstract

A screening apparatus (10) comprising means for screening (11), and means for processing data (14). The means for processing data (14) is configured to be capable of operating the means for screening (11) at a plurality of detection points for each of a plurality of threat quantity values (optionally determined from threat information 16), wherein each detection point comprises a probability of detection and respective false alarm rate. This allows an item of cargo or a person (12) to be adaptively screened in a respective screening event, and is particularly suited to high throughput screening applications such as in airport security. Also relates to a method for performing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01V 5/00 - Prospecting or detecting by the use of nuclear radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity

Abstract

A method and apparatus for generating a radar image. The method has the steps of A) Generating radar measurements using a radar signal, B) Performing interferometry on groups of the radar measurements to generate Skyline images, where the number of frequencies and/or number of measurement locations is sufficient to resolve scatterer location ambiguity, and C) Generating an image by evaluating variations of values in corresponding locations of multiple Skyline images based on non-parallel baselines, to identify a scatterer intensity at various positions.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 13/90 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques

Abstract

An electronic stun grenade (10) comprising a casing (11) and a means for generating light (13), wherein the means for generating light (13) is mounted onto an exterior surface of the casing (11). This allows the interior volume defined by the casing (11) to be more effectively used for containing a means for powering the means for generating light (13). Particularly suited to applications requiring compact stun grenades, such as man portable or weapon launched devices.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 8/26 - Hand grenades
• F42B 12/42 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of illuminating type, e.g. carrying flares
• F41H 13/00 - Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
• F42B 8/18 - Rifle grenades
• F42B 8/20 - Mortar grenades
• F42B 27/00 - Hand grenades

Abstract

A method of detecting pulsed radiation comprising the steps of irradiating at least a portion of an array of sensor elements with pulsed radiation (71); addressing the array using a rolling shutter operation (72); reading the array to obtain a radiation image (73); and then applying a pulse detection operation (74) to the radiation image. The rolling shutter operation (72) is configured to address each element line of the array for a predetermined integration period. The predetermined integration period being calculated using an integration period function, itself a function of an anticipated pulse repetition interval of the pulsed radiation. The method and apparatus for the same enable low cost camera arrays to be used for pulse detection and for wider application in the field of low cost communications.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 1/70 - Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
• G01S 11/00 - Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
• G02B 26/06 - Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
• H04N 5/353 - Control of the integration time

Abstract

An apparatus (20) for deploying rescue equipment (23). The apparatus (20) comprises a housing (21) for containing a rescue equipment (23), the housing (21) itself having an opening through which the rescue equipment (23) can be deployed. Pushing means (24) is provided for pushing against an inner moveable panel (22) that is configured to slide to urge the rescue equipment (23) through the opening of the housing (21). Allows rescue equipment (23) to be deployed in a substantially horizontal direction, and therefore is well suited to applications where the apparatus (20) is embedded into bulkheads of vessels or buildings. Also relates to a method of installation.

IPC Classes  ?

• E06C 9/14 - Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted with non-rigid longitudinal members, e.g. rope or chain ladders, ladders of the lazy-tongs type
• B63B 29/20 - Arrangements or adaptations of ladders
• A62B 1/00 - Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like

Abstract

The invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for use as a medicament in the prevention or treatment of disease in an animal, the pharmaceutical composition comprising: a first formulation comprising a bioactive component, microcrystal excipient and solubility modifier; and a second formulation comprising a bioactive component, amphiphile and an oil-based excipient; wherein the first formulation and second formulation are sequentially administered to the animal via a parenteral route and an oral route respectively. The invention also provides for associated pharmaceutical kits and use of the pharmaceutical composition and/or pharmaceutical kits as a medicament in the prevention or treatment of plague infection, or the prevention of treatment of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 9/00 - Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
• A61K 39/00 - Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
• A61K 39/02 - Bacterial antigens
• A61P 31/04 - Antibacterial agents
• A61K 39/12 - Viral antigens
• C07K 16/10 - Immunoglobulins, e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from viruses from RNA viruses
• A61P 31/14 - Antivirals for RNA viruses

Abstract

The present invention is concerned with methods and apparatus for disclosing the location of potential chemical or biological forensic evidence on an object, and in particular for disclosing and recording the location of said forensic evidence. The methods and apparatus are especially concerned with disclosing and recording the location of DNA forensic evidence, fingerprints and stains of biological origin.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 21/64 - Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
• G01N 21/76 - Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence

Abstract

A configurable fluid vessel comprising a flexible bladder (45) having a fluid port (47) through which a fluid such as water can be provided into the bladder (45). The fluid vessel further comprises an internal support frame (43) within the flexible bladder (45) to increase rigidity and preferably an urging means (44) for urging the flexible bladder (45) into a predetermined shape. The fluid vessel is collapsible for storage whilst retaining rigidity when in use. The fluid vessel is particularly suited for use in explosive jet disruptors (40) for tailoring the formation of a fluid jet.

IPC Classes  ?

• F41B 9/00 - Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols
• B65D 33/02 - Local reinforcements or stiffening inserts, e.g. wires, strings, strips or frames

Abstract

A dual polarised omnidirectional antenna apparatus (20) capable of operating in transmit and receive, comprising at least two dual polarised directional antennas (21) configured to be mountable in a substantially equi-spaced distributed array around and pointing away from a platform, wherein the antenna apparatus (20) is configured such that, when operated in transmit, the dual polarised directional antennas operate in phase with each other to deliver a combined omnidirectional, dual polarised, performance. This increases operational bandwidth and mitigates interference effects in communications applications.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 21/20 - Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along, or adjacent to, a curvilinear path
• H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
• H01Q 25/00 - Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
• H01Q 1/32 - Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles

Abstract

A method for testing a receiver in a code division multiple access (CDMA) communications system. Frequency spectrums for each of a plurality of provided CDMA code patterns (31) are generated (35) and phase shifted (36), before being combined (37) to generate a constellation spectrum. The constellation spectrum is converted 38 to a time domain constellation signal which can be injected (33) into a CDMA receiver under test. The method allows for fast and cost-effective synthetic generation of constellation signals that are particularly suited to testing global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. Also relates to apparatus for providing the same.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 19/23 - Testing, monitoring, correcting or calibrating of a receiver element

Abstract

The present invention provides a disclosure gel for detecting surface microorganism contamination, especially a disclosure gel for detecting viable bacillus anthracis spores. The present invention also provides methods of use thereof.

IPC Classes  ?

• C12Q 1/04 - Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
• C12Q 1/34 - Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase
• G01N 33/52 - Use of compounds or compositions for colorimetric, spectrophotometric or fluorometric investigation, e.g. use of reagent paper
• G01N 33/58 - Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances

Abstract

A firing stand (30) for mounting a plurality of shaped charges. The firing stand (30) can be configured by a user between a transport configuration in which shaped charges are stored for transport, and at least a first firing configuration from which shaped charges can be deployed. Inter-connected rotating panels (31) may be used to provide user configurability to the firing stand (30), with shaped charges optionally being mounted in panel apertures (36). The firing stand provides for rapid and configurable deployment of multiple shaped charges.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42D 3/00 - Particular applications of blasting techniques

Abstract

A continuous wave, frequency diverse array (FDA) detector, transmitter, receiver and/or method are disclosed. The frequencies can be radio waves or sonic waves. Different frequencies are applied to each transmitter element, to generate transmissions schemes with repeating patterns of constructive interference (e.g. each pattern may be a spiral). The patterns differ (e.g. opposite spiral directions to help determine azimuth, or different spiral rotation speeds to help determine range), to a sufficient extent that from the timing of signal reflected back as a result of each one, the azimuth and/or range of an object can be determined, irrespective of where the object/target is in the field of view. Use of continuous wave transmissions enables lower transmission powers and/or avoids requiring an expensive beam-steering transmitters or receivers.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
• G01S 13/32 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
• G01S 13/42 - Simultaneous measurement of distance and other coordinates

Abstract

A Triggered Gap includes a cathode (4) that is positioned between a reservoir (8) for example a carbon reservoir, and an anode (3). The cathode (4) has an aperture (11) that allows material from the reservoir (8) to ablate into a vacuum gap between the anode (3) and the cathode (4), thus closing the switch.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01T 2/02 - Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap

Abstract

Francisella tularensis F. tularensisF.tularensis F.tularensisF.tularensistularensis proteins or variant or fragment thereof as a medicament, in particular with reference to tularemia, and corresponding methods of production.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61K 39/02 - Bacterial antigens
• C07K 14/195 - Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
• A61K 31/716 - Glucans
• A61P 31/00 - Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• A61P 31/04 - Antibacterial agents

Abstract

Odour training apparatus for training animals to detect odours, comprises a carousel (20) for supporting a plurality of odour sample pots (21) at a plurality of odour sample positions (22) and in an orientation for retaining liquid samples. The carousel (20) is rotatable about axis (B) to provide a user selected odour sample at a predetermined presentation position (29). The apparatus comprises means for covering the odour sample pots (23) and means for uncovering an odour sample pot (26, 27) at the predetermined presentation position (29), such that a sample can be presented at the predetermined presentation position (29) whilst an animal is trained on its odour. This apparatus is of particular use for training animals on liquid samples, or in applications where cross contamination between samples must be mitigated. Also included is a method of using the odour training apparatus.

IPC Classes  ?

• A01K 15/02 - Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals
• A01K 1/03 - Housing for domestic or laboratory animals

Abstract

A method for monitoring the mass of an object (10) is provided, the method comprising the steps of: (i) applying a vibratory force to the object (10) so that the object vibrates in whole or in part, (ii) providing a sensor or sensors (14) configured to measure vibrations of the object in response to the force, (iii) measuring vibration data from the sensor(s) (14), and (iv) comparing the vibration data or a parameter derived therefrom to reference data or one or more reference parameters, so as to determine the mass of the object or an indication that the mass of the object (10) differs from that indicated by the reference data or one or more reference parameters. Preferably, the object (10) is a vehicle. The vibratory force may be provided by an integral vehicle component, for example a vehicle engine (12).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01G 19/02 - Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in groups for weighing wheeled or rolling bodies, e.g. vehicles
• G01G 19/08 - Weighing apparatus or methods adapted for special purposes not provided for in groups for incorporation in vehicles

Abstract

A system or a method for assisting an individual to acclimatize to hot environment prior to being exposed to the hot environment using a measured heart rate with or without a measured skin temperature and/or a measured body core temperature. A Physiological Strain Index (PSI) or adaptive PSI (aPSI) is calculated for the individual to provide a target for the individual's exertion level such that an area under the calculated PSI/aPSI curve is used to determine the amount of heat acclimatization that has occurred for that particular training session and/or prior training sessions.

IPC Classes  ?

• A61B 5/00 - Measuring for diagnostic purposes ; Identification of persons
• A61B 5/01 - Measuring temperature of body parts
• A61B 5/024 - Measuring pulse rate or heart rate

Abstract

A detector (1, 2) and associated method for the detection of man-made airborne beta particles in the presence of background beta radiation. The detector detects the energy of particles at a detector head (8), and comprises a low level discriminator (LLD) (20) for distinguishing between noise and beta particles (once alpha particles and optionally gamma particles have been stripped from the count of particles). The LLD threshold value (22) is variable over time according to the electronic noise of the detector head (8), such that the LLD threshold value (22) tracks just above the electronic noise thereby maximising the number of detected beta particles. Electronic noise can be measured directly or derived from a measurement of the temperature of the detector head (8).

IPC Classes  ?

• G01T 1/178 - Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular type of detector for measuring specific activity in the presence of other radioactive substances, e.g. natural, in the air or in liquids such as rain-water

Abstract

A stand-off breaching device (20) for breaching a barrier, comprising a housing (21), an explosive main charge (24) having a barrier-end (25) and a rear-end (26), a detonator (29), and means for initiating the detonator (27) when the explosive main charge (24) is at a preselected distance from a barrier. The detonator (29) is configured to detonate explosive main charge (24) at the rear-end (26) such that the resultant detonation wave propagates through the explosive main charge (24) towards the barrier-end (25) and the barrier being breached. This configuration provides more efficient transfer of explosively generated overpressure towards a barrier, thereby enabling the use of explosive main charges (24) with reduced mass, and the associated improvements in operator safety. The breaching device (20) is particularly suited to use in door breaching operations.

IPC Classes  ?

• F42B 12/20 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
• F42C 13/00 - Proximity fuzes; Fuzes for remote detonation

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for the production of a metal halide adduct of S4N4, in particular a specific copper adduct of S4N4, for the visualisation of a print on an object, in particular a fingerprint on a metal object. The present invention also provides a method and apparatus for visualising a print on an object, using S2N2 obtained from a metal halide adduct of S4N4.

IPC Classes  ?

• C01B 21/086 - Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals containing one or more sulfur atoms
• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints

Abstract

A method and apparatus are provided for registering a base recorded image (9) of an object or terrain with a secondary recorded image (10) of the object or terrain, using a base image sensor model (12), secondary image sensor model (13) and elevation information (11). A plurality of biases (24) and respective matched biases (29) are applied to the secondary image sensor (model 13) and base image sensor model (12), to determine a plurality of corrected sensor models (26) and respective nominally corrected base image sensor models (31). Each corrected sensor model (26) and respective nominally corrected base image sensor model (31) is used to reproject (27) the secondary recorded image (10), and in each case the reprojected secondary recorded image is correlated (19) with the base recorded image (12) to ascertain a correlation score (20) and adjustments to the bias corrections (32). The correlation score being evaluated to determine optimally corrected sensor models and and/or an optimally transformed image.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 7/32 - Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using correlation-based methods

Abstract

The present invention provides personal aerosol sampling devices, in particular personal bio-aerosol sampling devices, and methods of use thereof to sample air in any working environment, such as in a hospital environment, or a manufacturing facility.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/22 - Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
• G01N 15/06 - Investigating concentration of particle suspensions

Abstract

A laser detector apparatus (1) is provided, where a pixel array (3) is arranged behind a lens arrangement (4) such that distant objects (9) (in general, those at infinity) are out of focus at the pixel array. The image from the pixel array is evaluated by a computer processor (6) to detect such out of focus images which will be of a known size and shape (generally circular spots of known width). This can enable distant laser threats to be readily distinguished from nearby bright objects (10), whilst also protecting the pixel array from powerful laser sources (because the laser energy is not focussed to a point, on the pixel array it is less likely to damage the pixel array). It can also enable the wavelength of the laser to be accurately determined from the ratio of colours in the image of the laser spot, because it will typically not be a saturated image. The apparatus and method are particularly suitable for identifying and distinguishing laser sources across a wide range of brightnesses, and is also suitable for detecting and distinguishing multiple laser sources.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01J 1/42 - Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using electric radiation detectors
• G01J 1/04 - Optical or mechanical part
• G01S 3/00 - Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
• G06K 9/00 - Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints
• G06K 9/46 - Extraction of features or characteristics of the image
• G01S 3/78 - Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sealing system, its uses and method of use for forming a seal against a surface, and in particular for plugging and sealing an orifice such as a road or railway tunnel to prevent or minimise the dispersion of hazardous agent(s) in an emergency scenario. The system comprises a frame (200) which can be orientated against a surface (50) of an orifice, frame (10) comprising a perimeter outer surface (180) through which pliant elements (40) can extrude, via apertures (22), following the initiation of a means (30) for providing an overpressure.

IPC Classes  ?

• E21F 17/107 - Dams, e.g. for ventilation inflatable

Abstract

This invention relates to a device for rapid focus control of one or more lasers. The controlled beam (5), is refracted by the dynamic refraction device (1) whose refractive index is set by its response to the control beam (3). The invention can be used for rapid focus and re-focus of a laser on a target as might be useful in such industries as flat panel television manufacturing, fuel injector nozzle manufacture, laser material processing/machining, laser scanning and indirect drive inertial confinement fusion.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 1/00 - Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
• G02F 1/01 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
• H01Q 15/00 - Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices

Abstract

A method and apparatus are provided for protecting a target or vehicle from shaped charge jet weapons which project a narrow jet of high velocity metal. The jet is disrupted by a spinning armour element, typically a disk, rotating at sufficient speed as to cause the jet to be disrupted. Because the jet is disrupted, a secondary layer of armour is able to absorb the jet.

IPC Classes  ?

• F41H 5/007 - Reactive armour; Dynamic armour

Abstract

The injuries inflicted on persons by anti-personnel mines are reduced or mitigated by using material having a density of at least 6 g/cm3 and, preferably, a density of at least 6 g/cm3 and a mass of at least 200 g, worn about the heel, ankle or lower leg of an individual. The invention also relates to the use of footwear comprising material having a density of at least 6 g/cm3 to mitigate the risk of injury, and protective footgear comprising a heel section adapted to fit around the heel of an item of footwear, and fastening means for attaching the footgear to said item of footwear, wherein the heel section itself comprises a base region formed from a material having a density of at least 6 g/cm3 and a mass of at least 200 g, and an upper region connected to the base region and supporting the fastening means.

IPC Classes  ?

• A43B 3/00 - Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
• A43B 3/16 - Overshoes
• F41H 1/00 - Personal protection-gear
• F41H 11/12 - Means for clearing land minefields; Systems specially adapted for detection of landmines

Abstract

A method and apparatus are provided for generating enhanced digital imagery from digital input images (7) exhibiting differences other than or in excess of differences in projection. By applying a plurality of image transformations (10) to frequency normalised (8) versions of the input images, and generating measures of image similarity (11) therefrom, an optimum image transformation (12) can be determined that can be applied to the digital input images such that they are substantially matched. Digital input images of physical objects or environments to which the method is applied can then be used in image fusion, ortho-rectification or change detection applications, in order to monitor the physical object or environment.

IPC Classes  ?

• G06T 3/00 - Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image

Abstract

There is provided a method and apparatus for providing a cavity backed antenna suitable for off-body communications. The cavity backed antenna comprising a substantially omnidirectional antenna element (11) mountable upon a user's body such that an underlying bone (17) forms the cavity back plate. The cavity between the antenna element and the underlying bone thereby being filled with soft tissue (14, 15, 16). The cavity backed antenna operating in synergy with the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the body to deliver an overall directional gain pointing away from the user's body.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01Q 13/18 - Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity
• H01Q 1/27 - Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies

Abstract

This invention relates to a device for safely discharging stored voltages and in particular the safe discharging of high voltage capacitors. The device once connected with the electrical connectors (82), provides a discharge pathway having an internal switching means. The switching means is held open by the insulative pin (50) which in use is removed by the operator at a timing and at a distance of their choosing, thus allowing a discharge pathway to be formed and any stored voltage to be discharged to ground. The device would principally be used by service engineers of electrical high voltage circuitry.

IPC Classes  ?

• H01H 27/04 - Insulating plug or plate inserted between normally-closed contacts
• H02J 7/00 - Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
• H01H 3/30 - Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor

Abstract

A structural element (20) comprising a plurality of layers (10a, 10b), each with a plurality of inflatable ribs (12). When the ribs are in a fully inflated state, and the layers connected such that the ribs of at least one layer are orientated at an offset angle to the ribs of another layer, the structural element is substantially rigid. In use, the structural element is particularly suitable for the construction of temporary modular structures such as walls, shelters, and items of furniture or other load-bearing means.

IPC Classes  ?

• E04C 2/32 - Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
• E04H 15/20 - Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
• E04B 1/19 - Three-dimensional framework structures

Abstract

Method and apparatus for protecting against homoglyph style malicious attacks by identifying threat links in incoming electronic messages such as emails. Such messages can then be blocked, deleted or edited to prevent the user controlling a computer to download code from those linked. The method involves establishing a list of internet domains are relevant to a user or organisation, and identifying incoming messages with internet links that may cause users to wrongly think those links are directed to those listed internet domains. This is achieved by applying an image similarity assessment algorithm to detect links which would have visual similarity to those listed internet domains. The method may include only assessing image similarity on those links that have a predetermined amount of text similarity to those listed internet domains, and may also include further checks if the link is still a suspect link after the image similarity check.

IPC Classes  ?

• H04L 29/06 - Communication control; Communication processing characterised by a protocol
• H04L 12/58 - Message switching systems

Abstract

A controlled atmosphere bag suitable for microscopy and spectroscopy, having an optic attachment (7) a sample support attachment (6), gas inlet means (2), gas outlet means (4) and a sample insertion means (3) that allow a sample to be analysed to be enclosed in a relatively small and controlled gas atmosphere chamber allowing the remainder of the analysis device to remain outside the chamber retaining full dexterity for the operator.

IPC Classes  ?

• G02B 21/24 - Base structure
• B01L 1/00 - Enclosures; Chambers