The invention relates to a method for protecting an object, in particular a land vehicle or watercraft, in particular a ship, from of a radar-guided missile by deploying and using an active offboard reflector, which is arranged at a decoy and comprises at least one receiving antenna and at least one transmitting antenna, wherein a radar signal transmitted by the radar-guided missile is picked up and is returned to the missile as an amplified signal in the previously ascertained opposite direction of reception; the invention proposes carrying out the method by deploying a plurality of flying drones, each having at least one active offboard reflector, and positioning the drones relative to one another in space in such a way that the active offboard reflectors thereof act as individual scattering centers and the signals therefrom that are returned to the missile collectively produce a radar scatter pattern that simulates the object to be protected.
F41H 11/02 - Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile defence installations or systems
B64U 20/80 - Arrangement of on-board electronics, e.g. avionics systems or wiring
F41J 2/00 - Reflecting targets, e.g. radar-reflector targets; Active targets transmitting electromagnetic waves
G01S 7/02 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group
G01S 7/38 - Jamming means, e.g. producing false echoes
G01S 13/75 - Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders
The present disclosure relates to a pyrotechnic object, in particular an irritation body, irritation projectile or ammunition, comprising an ignition device, comprising a delay chamber extending along a delay path, in which chamber a delay charge is accommodated, and comprising at least one and preferably a plurality of effect chambers in which or in each of which an effect charge to be ignited is accommodated, wherein the delay chamber is transversely connected to a respective effect chamber via a respective over-ignition opening which branches off from the delay chamber and forms an over-ignition path, wherein in the case of a plurality of effect chambers the plurality of over-ignition openings are arranged successively downstream along the delay path in the order of the effect charges to be ignited.
F42B 5/16 - Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge or powder
The invention relates to a microstructured hollow-core fiber comprising a microstructured hollow core extending along the hollow-core fiber. Said hollow core: has microstructures having at least one first refractive index n; is surrounded by an inner fiber cladding having a refractive index n_inner; and has an outer protective cladding which has a protective cladding refractive index n_outer and which sheathes the inner fiber cladding. The hollow-core fiber is characterized in that: the hollow-core fiber has at least one further cladding which is arranged between the inner fiber cladding and the outer protective cladding so as to sheathe the inner fiber cladding and which has a further refractive index n_w; and the further refractive index n_w is greater than the further refractive index.
Penetrator (1) for a projectile having a tail unit, in particular a sub-calibre kinetic-energy projectile, comprising a one-piece main body (10) and a sub-body (11) fitted on the main body (10), characterized in that the main body (10) has at least a front region (12) and a rear region (17), wherein the rear region (17) of the main body is of a solid design and the front region (12) has a bore (13) formed in it, wherein the bore (13) comprises at least a first region (131) and a second region (132), wherein the first region (131) receives the fitted-on sub-body (11) and the second region (132) extends rearwards behind the fitted-on sub-body (11).
F42B 14/06 - Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
The invention relates to a penetrator (1) for a projectile having a tail unit, in particular a subcaliber kinetic energy projectile, comprising a main body (10), the main body (10) having at least one partial region (12, 12′, 12″) with longitudinal recesses (20, 20′, 20″).
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
F42B 10/04 - Stabilising arrangements using fixed fins
F42B 14/06 - Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
6.
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR REDUCING EYE SAFETY MINIMUM DISTANCES IN CONJUNCTION WITH ILLUMINATION LASER RADIATION
A method is presented for operating a laser radiation device (10) that has an illumination laser (14) and an active laser (13), and wherein, in a first operating mode of the laser radiation device (10) in which the active laser (13) does not emit any active laser radiation (20), the illumination laser (14) is operated in such a way that its illumination laser radiation (22) has a first illumination laser radiant flux. The method is characterized in that, in a second operating mode of the laser radiation device (10) in which the active laser (13) emits active laser radiation (20), the illumination laser (14) is operated such that its illumination laser radiation (22) has a second illumination laser radiant flux that is greater than the first illumination laser radiant flux.
The invention relates to a laser beam device for generating an effective laser beam and an illuminating laser beam, having a coupling element for coupling the illuminating laser beam into a beam path of the effective laser beam. The laser beam device is characterized in that the coupling element has a first sub-region and a second sub-region that is different from the first sub-region, and the effective laser beam, the illuminating laser beam and the coupling element are arranged relative to one another such that the effective laser beam is directed onto the first sub-region and the illuminating laser beam is directed onto the second sub-region, the first sub-region being transparent to the effective laser beam and the second sub-region being designed to reflect the illuminating laser beam in parallel with the effective laser beam.
The invention relates to a sabot (1) which comprises multiple sabot segments (1.1, 1.2, 1.3). The sabot (1) or the sabot segments (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) are characterized by having a structural design at an end (10) opposite the shooting direction such that a low degree of flexural rigidity is achieved at said end (10). A sabot (1) with three sabot segments (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) is preferred. The sabot (1) or the sabot segments (1.1, 1.2, 1.3) have a rear part (3) as a push part and a front part (4) as a pull part. In order to optimize the shape and weight, the front part (4) and the rear part (3) have recesses (5, 6) in the sabot (1) or in the sabot segments (1.1, 1.2, 1.3). Braces (8, 9) are integrated between the recesses (5, 6), or the recesses (5, 6) are introduced between braces (8, 9).
The invention relates to a method for reducing an imbalance of a projectile shell. The projectile shell has a body (1) which has a recess (4). By this recess (4), the body is provided with an inner wall (2) and an outer wall (3). In addition, a mouth hole (6) is provided, which is connected to the recess (4). A central axis (5) is now calculated from the outer geometrical shape of the projectile shell and a measurement is then performed to ascertain an imbalance of the projectile shell. On the basis of the measured imbalance, modified axis (8) is then calculated in relation to the central axis (5), and the body (1) is rotated about the modified axis (8) on the basis of the calculated modified axis (8). As the body (1) is rotated in this way, the projectile shell is machined to eliminate the imbalance as far as possible.
A case jacket made of a felted, in particular combustible fibrous material, comprising a cylindrical case jacket portion and a calotte-shaped case bottom which is connected to an end of the cylindrical case jacket portion, wherein the bottom-side end of the case jacket portion has a first inside diameter and a first outside diameter, and wherein the case bottom has an annular connecting edge towards the case jacket portion, which has a second inside diameter that is smaller than the first inside diameter, and a second outside diameter which is smaller than the second outside diameter, includes a conical connecting portion whose one end has the first inside diameter and the first outside diameter and is connected to the bottom-side end of the case jacket portion, and whose other end has the second inside diameter and the second outside diameter and is connected to the connecting edge of the case bottom, wherein the angle of inclination of the inner wall and the angle of inclination of the outer wall of the conical connecting portion with respect to the cylinder axis are not more than 10°.
A projectile having a projectile body for holding a penetrator, a projectile rear, and a projectile ogive. The projectile body has a narrowed point, on which the penetrator can be supported. The narrowed point results in reliable breaking open of the projectile body when the projectile hits a target.
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
F42B 12/34 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
F42B 12/36 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling
An igniter system for a piece of ammunition, having at least one propellant igniter and at least one igniter element designed for transmitting ignition power and extending away from the propellant igniter. The igniter element is arranged spaced apart from the propellant igniter.
A penetrator for a projectile with a tail assembly, wherein the penetrator includes at least one outer body that acts in a terminal ballistic manner for attacking an armored target, in particular a battle tank with reactive armor. The cross-section of the outer body perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the outer body is a hollow cross-section. The hollow cross-section of the outer body has an area, and an area moment of inertia of the hollow cross-section is increased in comparison with a solid cross-section of at least equal area, so that the outer body has an increased bending stiffness on account of the increased area moment of inertia.
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
F42B 12/62 - Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
A recoil brake for braking recoiling masses of a barreled firearm, comprising a hollow cylinder, which has an interior filled with a fluid and having a high-pressure side and a low-pressure side, a control rod arranged in the hollow cylinder, which has an end connected to the hollow cylinder, a piston rod surrounding the control rod, which is arranged within the hollow cylinder for movement in an axial direction of the hollow cylinder, a piston being formed on the piston rod, which is arranged for displacement in the axial direction and which fluidically separates the high-pressure side from the low-pressure side. A distance by which the piston is displaceable in the axial direction is at least as great as the recoil distance of the recoiling masses during a passage of a bullet through the barreled firearm.
A method and apparatus for displaying a position of an impact point of a directed-energy weapon which has an effective beam optical system and an imaging optical system. An emission of primary radiation of the directed-energy weapon is triggered as an effective beam, and radiation exiting from an irradiated object is received by the imaging optical system and directed onto a camera of a screen. A beam bundle cross section of an effective beam is covered with a reflective optical auxiliary element, the effective beam or the auxiliary beam is triggered with the beam bundle cross section covered, and primary radiation of the effective beam or of the auxiliary beam which is reflected by the reflective optical auxiliary element is received by the imaging optical system and directed onto a spot of the camera as the impact point.
A breechblock for a weapon system having a recoilable barrel and having a breechblock carrier and a rotatable breechblock head. The breechblock head is carried by the breechblock carrier. The breechblock carrier has a control cam that is divided into a number of, preferably at least four, cam sections. The actual weapon function and the unlocking of the breechblock or of the breechblock head are combined in this control cam. The breechblock head comprises a control pin, which engages in the control cam and can be guided therein. Attached to the breechblock carrier are two blocking slides, which keep the breechblock head in one of two different positions, in which positions the breechblock head can enter or leave the locking portion of the barrel, namely, a forward position in the course of the actual functioning of the weapon and a rear position during the advancement of the returning masses.
F41A 7/08 - Drives for externally-powered guns, i.e. drives for moving the breech-block or bolt by an external force during automatic firing
F41A 15/14 - Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on, or within, the bolt
A decoy target, system, and method for protecting moving objects. The decoy target has at least two corner reflectors which reflect radar radiation, wherein the corner reflectors are arranged in a reflector matrix in a staggered manner in terms of height, width and/or depth, specified by the at least one connecting element, corresponding to a target to be simulated.
A device for driving mechanical safety systems. The device contains a housing in which at least one moving piston is arranged. The piston is connected to a first toothed rack and the first toothed rack is operatively connected to a pinion. A second toothed rack is arranged for movement in the housing. As a result, the second toothed rack is displaced in the opposite direction to the movement of the piston. The device has a locking lever and a shift dog. The shift dog is mounted on the second toothed rack and is arranged such that, on movement of the second toothed rack, the shift dog can actuate the locking lever. A locking bush secures the securing shaft to be driven. The locking bush is initially transferred to an unlocked position on movement of the toothed racks and is returned to a locked position on conclusion of the movement.
F41A 17/30 - Multiple safeties, i.e. safeties acting on at least one element of the firing mechanism and at least one other element of the gun, e.g. the moving barrel
A penetrator for a projectile having a guide mechanism, the penetrator comprising at least one solid main body that acts in a terminal ballistic manner for attacking an armoured target, more particularly a tank having reactive armour, a rear region of the penetrator having a hard core that acts in a terminal ballistic manner which improves the penetration effect and is permanently connected to the main body.
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
20.
Sabot of the push-pull type having mutually separate parts for the push and pull function
To reduce the mass of a sabot having a pull and a push function, it is proposed that the sabot comprise mutually separate sabot parts, wherein at least one sabot part is configured such that it performs the pull function and at least one sabot part is configured such that it performs the push function. The sabot parts are nested. This can be implemented in the form of cylindrical nesting or in the form of tangential nesting. In the case of the cylindrical nesting, the outer sabot part encloses the inner sabot part along an interface. In the case of the tangential nesting, the sabot parts are divided into sabot subsegments. The latter are nested in alternating fashion in the tangential direction such that a pull-sabot subsegment and a push-sabot subsegment are nested in alternating fashion in the circumferential direction. To provide sufficient sealing, the sabot subsegments overlap one another.
The invention relates to a method for determining the material moisture of a material, comprising the following steps: referencing a material using a referencing device by determining the material moisture of a material sample of the material in accordance with the mass of the material sample; determining the dielectric material constant (DProbe) of the material sample in accordance with the material moisture; calibrating a first microwave sensor using the dielectric material constant of the material sample; measuring the dielectric material constant of the material online by means of the first microwave sensor; determining the material moisture of the material using the dielectric material constant previously measured online.
The invention relates to a gas piston for a weapon, which is characterized by a spring introduced in the gas piston and a plunger, which engages on one end of the spring, wherein the spring is supported by the other end at the end of the gas piston opposite the plunger. This gas piston can be a component of a gas piston assembly having a counter piston, which is for use in a weapon. The gas piston or the plunger is supported e.g. on the weapon housing. With the special construction of the gas piston or the gas piston assembly formed with same, the gas piston can be transferred from a working position into a resting position within a weapon housing of the weapon.
A breech block, in particular wedge breech block, having a breech end and a breech wedge. The breech block includes an opener shaft with a rotationally coupled opening lever and an ejector system for pulling out cartridge cases or cartridge bases from the breech block. The ejector system includes at least one ejector and at least one ejector lever. The ejector lever is rotationally movably mounted on the opener shaft and the ejector system has at least one transmission element which transmits a rotational movement of the opening lever to the ejector lever.
F41A 15/10 - Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for block-action guns of sliding-block type
A breech system having a weapon barrel which is mounted in a cradle such that it can be moved from a rest position to a recoil position, said breech system comprising a base piece, comprising a breech wedge which can be moved between a closed and open position, a breech mechanism which is attached to the base piece and a guide piece which is fixed to the cradle and has a guide element, wherein the guide element has an actuating element for actuating the breech mechanism, wherein the breech mechanism has a lever mechanism that can be actuated by the actuating element, wherein the breech mechanism has a locking lever which is coupled to the lever mechanism, and wherein the breech wedge can be locked in the open position by the locking lever.
A weapon system that includes a breechblock, which is formed at least by a breechblock carrier and a breechblock head, the breechblock carrier being designed so as to carry the breechblock head. To achieve the fact that forces acting upon the breechblock drive during the unlocking of the breechblock and the withdrawal of a cartridge casing are minimized or even eliminated, the breechblock head is freely movable relative to the breechblock carrier. To separate the breechblock with a breechblock drive of the weapon system during the recoil of the recoiling masses of the weapon system, a device is designed in such a way that a mechanical separation takes place between the breechblock and the breechblock drive during the recoil of the recoiling masses of the weapon system. During the forward motion of the recoiling masses, the mechanical connection between the breechblock drive and the breechblock is reestablished via the device.
F41A 5/08 - Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock recoil-operated having an accelerator lever acting on the breech-block or bolt during the opening movement
F41A 3/46 - Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers mounted on the bolt
F41A 5/32 - Energy accumulator systems, i.e. systems for opening the breech-block by energy accumulated during barrel or gas piston recoil
F41A 15/14 - Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on, or within, the bolt
A weapon system having a breechblock, wherein the breechblock can be mechanically connected to a drive of the weapon system. The weapon system comprises means which are designed in such a way that a mechanical separation occurs between the breechblock and the breechblock drive with the recoil of the recoiling masses of the weapon system. With the forward motion of the recoiling masses, the mechanical connection between the breechblock drive and the breechblock is re-formed.
F41A 5/32 - Energy accumulator systems, i.e. systems for opening the breech-block by energy accumulated during barrel or gas piston recoil
F41A 3/26 - Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks semi-automatically or automatically operated, e.g. having a slidable bolt-carrier and a rotatable bolt
F41A 7/08 - Drives for externally-powered guns, i.e. drives for moving the breech-block or bolt by an external force during automatic firing
F41A 15/14 - Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on, or within, the bolt
F41A 5/14 - Barrel stops, i.e. devices for holding the recoiling barrel in a predetermined position, e.g. the recoil position
In order to ensure that forces acting on a breech drive when unlocking the breech and pulling out a cartridge case are reduced or even eliminated, a breech of a weapon system is proposed which is formed at least by one breech carrier and one breech head and the breech carrier supports the breech head. The breech carrier and the breech head can be mechanically separated from one another. This separability is achieved in that a control case which has at least one control cam is inserted in the breech carrier. In addition, the breech head has a control bolt which engages in the control cam of the control case and can be guided in it. This measure ensures that the forces acting upon the recoil of the weapon cannot act on the breech drive.
F41A 7/08 - Drives for externally-powered guns, i.e. drives for moving the breech-block or bolt by an external force during automatic firing
F41A 3/26 - Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks semi-automatically or automatically operated, e.g. having a slidable bolt-carrier and a rotatable bolt
F41A 5/32 - Energy accumulator systems, i.e. systems for opening the breech-block by energy accumulated during barrel or gas piston recoil
F41A 15/14 - Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on, or within, the bolt
The invention relates to a gun barrel mounting for a gun barrel, comprising a cradle with at least one gun mounting for mounting the gun barrel and a base part that can be connected to the gun barrel.
The invention relates to programmable practice ammunition. For this purpose, a projectile head of a practice projectile of the practice ammunition has at least one electronic system in the form of an electronic fuze replacement system and a signal transmitter. Optionally, an explosive charge can be introduced into the projectile head. The explosive charge is preferably a pyrotechnic. A light signal, an infrared signal, a radio signal, or another suitable electronic or optical signal, even a color signal, can be output and transmitted via the signal transmitter. Optionally, the explosive charge can be triggered and deployed via the signal transmitter. The projectile is provided with radial openings for this purpose. The invention additionally relates to a training system for a realistic practice using an explosive representation at the target or in the target area.
F42B 12/36 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling
F42B 12/40 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating, type
The invention relates to a percussion fuse having an active sensor, which generates a sensor voltage, having a filter circuit consisting of a high pass and at least one low pass, in order to be able to adjust dynamic percussion characteristics. The invention further relates to an operating state switch, which can transition the percussion fuse into one of two operating states, specifically into an activated and a deactivated operating state. To this end, the operating state switch is switched into one of the two operating states by means of a safety voltage. In the active operating state, the sensor voltage is supplied directly to the threshold value switch and in the deactivated operating state, the sensor voltage is held below the threshold value of the threshold value switch by an input limiter.
F42C 1/10 - Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact without firing pin
F42C 15/24 - Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
F42C 15/40 - Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically
F42C 1/00 - Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
The invention relates to a test and/or practice ammunition having at least one projectile with a projectile head and a fin which can be found at the end of the projectile for example or a projectile with a projectile base and a projectile ogive. A cartridge shell is used to receive a drive and has a shell base, wherein an interface is attached in or on the shell base. The test and/or practice ammunition is characterized by a programmable fuze which is arranged in the projectile head or the projectile ogive. The projectile head/projectile ogive is equipped with at least one fuze amplifier and an electronic fuze system and optionally a separating charge.
The invention relates to an electronic ignition unit for a stun grenade, comprising at least one energy source, at least one igniter, at least one control device, wherein the electronic ignition device further comprises an igniter driver connected to the at least one energy source and to the at least one control device.
F42B 12/42 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of illuminating type, e.g. carrying flares
F42C 14/02 - Fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades
F42B 12/36 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling
The invention relates to a method for determining a position of an object, which comprises at least one non-linear component, in particular one semiconductor component, which, when irradiated with high-frequency transmitted signals from at least two different positions, produces and emits object signals having twice and/or three times the frequency of the respective transmitted signals.
G01S 13/87 - Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
G01S 7/41 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
G01S 13/46 - Indirect determination of position data
G01S 13/75 - Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders
G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications
The invention relates to an igniter unit for a munition, comprising a housing and at least one pyrotechnic charge, the igniter unit comprising a control and communication device arranged in the housing and at least one interface connected to the control and communication unit and arranged in the housing.
F42B 5/15 - Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile for dispensing gases, vapours, powders, particles or chemically-reactive substances for creating a screening or decoy effect, e.g. using radar chaff or infrared material
F42B 12/02 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
F42B 5/02 - Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
F42B 12/46 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
The invention relates to an igniter with a delay time (Vz) that can be set. The delay time (Vz) can be fixedly defined, or individually and situation-dependently set on-site. In particular, the invention relates to a delay time that can be set for a stun grenade, a hand grenade etc., with options for the individual setting and situation-dependent or situation-contingent customisation of the delay time (Vz), and consequently of the effect of the active compositions in-situ. In order to achieve individual setting options, the invention proposes that at least two different delay times (Vz) can be set. To this end, the igniter has, in a delay section, preferably in the fuse head, a relief bore that can be closed or opened.
F42C 9/10 - Time fuzes; Combined time- and percussion- or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by combustion
F42C 14/02 - Fuzes characterised by the ammunition class or type for hand grenades
A device for combining at least two input laser beams having different spectral components. At least one pre-compensation unit for the at least two input laser beams has a diffractive optical unit which expands the input laser beam into an intermediate beam bundle in which the spectral components are spatially arranged so as to be adjacent to one another with increasing wavelength. A combination unit has at least a first diffractive optical element and a second diffractive optical element, the combination unit being aligned with the pre-compensation unit in such a way that the first diffractive optical element converts an intermediate beam bundle into a convergent beam bundle having a beam waist, the beam waist lying on the second diffractive element, and the second diffractive optical element being designed in this way that all incident spectral components are diffracted in a common radiation direction.
H01S 3/082 - Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors defining a plurality of resonators, e.g. for mode selection or suppression
H01S 3/00 - Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
H01S 3/23 - Arrangement of two or more lasers not provided for in groups , e.g. tandem arrangement of separate active media
A vehicle, in particular a tank, having a turret, on which a gun having a large-calibre gun barrel is secured, and comprising an auto-loader positioned behind the turret, via which auto-loader ammunition can be automatically supplied to the gun barrel. In order to achieve simplified automatic loading of the gun barrel with ammunition, the auto-loader is replaceably secured on the outside of the turret as a separate, modular unit. A magazine located in the auto-loader for receiving the ammunition can also be designed as an interchangeable magazine that can be replaced. An electronic system of the auto-loader is housed in the vehicle, specifically in the turret. The selection of ammunition in the auto-loader and the conveying out of the auto-loader are carried out via at least one mechanical interface, e.g. a power take-off, between the turret and the auto-loader.
In order to provide an economical method for producing a weapon barrel, in which a considerable plasticisation of the barrel inner wall and thus of the twist profile is avoided when armour-piercing ammunition is shot, in particular in the case of an intense firing sequence, it is proposed not to introduce the twist profile of the weapon barrel into a barrel blank, the material of which has its end strength already as a result of hardening and tempering, but has a lower strength level (approximately 800-1000 MPa). Only once the twist profile has been formed by extrusion or hammering is the steel hardened and tempered to a predefined strength value >1000 MPa, and is the barrel blank that is provided with the twist profile mechanically processed further.
C01D 9/12 - Preparation by double decomposition with nitrates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium
B21C 37/00 - Manufacture of metal sheets, rods, wire, tubes, profiles or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
C21D 1/18 - Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
C22C 38/22 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
C21D 9/12 - Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes barrels for ordnance
B21C 37/15 - Making tubes of special shape; Making the fittings
C22C 38/24 - Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
The invention relates to a combination mortar weapon (1) with a base (4) and mortar barrel (12). A frame (7) with a receiving area (8) for receiving an additional base (10) is attached to the base (4). The base (4) belongs to a standard mortar (2) and the additional base (10) belongs to a commando mortar (3). The mortar barrel (12) is secured to the additional base (10) of the commando mortar (3). The mortar barrel (12) is used by the standard mortar (2) and by the commando mortar (3). The connection between the base (4) of the standard mortar (2) and the base (10) of the commando motor (3) is produced at least by a rapid-action closure (11). The frame (7) comprises an arm (13), to which a monopod (14) is attached as the support device and for the purpose of elevating the mortar barrel (12).
A method for producing a weapon housing and to a weapon housing. Said method is characterized in that the weapon housing includes at least two sub-assemblies, an inner contour being cut into at least one solid block for each sub-assembly. The solid block is a steel block. Openings and recesses are introduced into the at least two sub-assemblies.
A method is proposed for protecting a vehicle (2) from a threat (3), in which the threat (3) is recognized as such, preferably classified and a countermeasure (11) is implemented against the threat (3). For this purpose, a new overall situation resulting therefrom, consisting at least of a new wind direction and wind speed, as well as the direction of the threat and the threat distance, is calculated for every change of course and voyage. The calculated course and journey changes are displayed, in which a countermeasure to protect the vehicle can still be successfully implemented. The calculation takes into account at least wind data, threat type and threat direction. Furthermore, at least the vehicle's own data should be taken into account.
An irritation member having a housing, wherein the housing has a front side and a rear side, as well as lateral surfaces connecting the front side and the rear side. The front side and rear side are larger than the lateral surfaces, thereby producing a parallelepipedal housing. The irritation member has blow-out openings on the lateral surfaces and an actuation element that is provided in a recess of the housing. In the event of non-actuation, the actuation element is thereby received in the recess of the housing and thus does not increase the size of the housing. As a result, the irritation member does not look like a conventional irritation member.
F42B 12/42 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of illuminating type, e.g. carrying flares
The invention relates to a decoy (3) for protecting a fast aircraft (1) against an incoming threat (2), wherein said decoy is non-driven. The decoy (3) has a squib (6) on one end and a molded body (11) on the opening side. If the decoy (3) has an active material container (8), the squib (6) can be attached to the end side thereof and the molded body (11) attached to the opening side thereof. The squib (6) contains a propellant, which is converted into a drive energy. The molded body (11) is heavier than the decoy (3) without the molded body (11) and has the task of preventing the separating of the molded body (3) to the rear. In addition, the molded body (11) should be at least 1.0-1.5 times heavier than the decoy itself. Advantageously, however, the molded body (11) is twice as heavy.
F41H 11/02 - Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile defence installations or systems
F42B 12/70 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
A fragment-free propulsion of a cartridge-type ammunition, including a propellant casing and a high-pressure chamber, wherein the high-pressure chamber accommodates a propellant powder and, in the bottom region, a primer, having at least one overflow bore. To avoid fragments, a membrane, which separates the high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber from one another and which does not tear to connect the high-pressure chamber to the low-pressure chamber when pressure is built up but instead is bent, is embedded in the high-pressure chamber. For this purpose, the high-pressure chamber additionally has a cap, the membrane, and a body. The membrane is embedded in the body and is secured by the cap. In addition, the membrane covers a gap that is formed by an outer diameter of the cap and an inner diameter of the body, and into which the membrane is bent when pressure is built up.
A projectile that extends in the longitudinal direction and can be introduced into a cartridge by means of a casing. Moreover, the projectile has a projectile body that contains both a penetrator and an expanding medium. Characterizing the present invention, it is proposed to use metal foam, in particular air-foamed aluminum, as the expanding medium.
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
F42B 12/34 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
A hand grenade for producing smoke, having a housing provided with outflow openings for the smoke to be produced. The hand grenade also has a fuse head having an igniter for igniting the hand grenade and an ignition and delay line. An active charge can be ignited via the fuse head and the ignition and delay line, creating a carrier gas in the housing. An effect region is also provided in the hand grenade, by means of which at least one effect module of the hand grenade can be supplied. The effect module contains an active ingredient that can be converted into its gaseous state of aggregation by the action of heat and can flow out of the outflow openings with the carrier gas.
F42B 12/48 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing
A projectile having a projectile body for holding a penetrator, a projectile rear, and a projectile ogive. The projectile body has a narrowed point, on which the penetrator can be supported. The narrowed point results in reliable breaking open of the projectile body when the projectile hits a target.
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
F42B 12/34 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
F42B 12/36 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling
A method and a device for drying an explosive, wherein the explosive contains moisture and microwave radiation causes the explosive to expel the moisture contained in the explosive. Provided is a drying chamber having magnetrons that exert the required microwave radiation on the explosive to be dried and thereby heat the explosive. During heating, the moisture in the explosive is then expelled.
F26B 3/347 - Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
C06B 21/00 - Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
B28B 11/24 - Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
F26B 15/18 - Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by endless belts
H05B 6/78 - Arrangements for continuous movement of material
A spin-stabilized artillery projectile having at least one driving band and at least one obturator, wherein the driving band contains at least one compensating groove, and wherein the at least one obturator is arranged in the compensating groove of the driving band. The cross-section of the compensating groove, is preferably trapezoidal, but can also be rectangular or square. As a result, a complete detachment of the obturator is achieved and residues are avoided.
An electronic securing device for an electronic load with an energy supply is provided, which can supply the securing device and the load with energy when an input signal is applied for a corresponding time, wherein the electronic securing device has a time delay, which ensures that only signals of a predetermined minimum duration are detected as a signal. The electronic securing device also has a programmable logic, which comprises the time control, and by way of which an operating switch can also be switched on. The programmable logic switches the energy supply to the load for a certain time and switch off again after the time has elapsed. The switching of the energy to the load takes place via a power switch. The switching off of the logic takes place via a first logic switch, which in turn can switch the operating switch and thereby deactivate the logic.
F42C 15/44 - Arrangements for disarming, or for rendering harmless, fuzes after arming, e.g. after launch
F42C 15/40 - Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected electrically
51.
Stun grenade having an adjustable switch mechanism to connect different effect chambers simultaneously to a delay set
A stun grenade for individual adjustment and situation-dependent adaptation of the number of active masses in situ. A switch mechanism is built into the stun grenade, enabling the simultaneous activation of different chambers inside the stun grenade in order to adjust the effect. The switch mechanism is formed by a tube and peripherally integrated boreholes and grooves. A different number of the chambers in the stun grenade is activated by the switch mechanism, thereby increasing or decreasing the active power.
F42B 12/42 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of illuminating type, e.g. carrying flares
F42C 15/34 - Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by a blocking-member in the pyrotechnic or explosive train between primer and main charge
It is proposed to make a threat better visible for a defensive measure. In this context, the threat (2) should be imaged more intensely for the defensive measure. For the purposes of more effective imaging, provision is made for the threat to emit a stronger IR signature and thus be able to stand out sufficiently against the background for the defensive measure. The stronger IR signature is caused by heating a surface of the threat, which is realized by a laser weapons system. The defensive measure can better detect this heating and has an IR seeker head to this end.
A uniform projectile casing which is utilized for projectiles with different ranges. A projectile of relatively short range can in this case be optimized with regard to payload, whereas a projectile with the relatively long range is subjected to a range optimization, with a reduction in payload. The payload of a projectile of relatively long range is generally lower in relation to a projectile with relatively short range. The artillery projectiles have a projectile casing of equal size for the projectiles of different range. To create an artillery projectile, for example 155 mm, a uniform payload-optimized 30 km projectile casing) is used, from which 40 km projectiles can be generated (produced, assembled) by means of a reduction in payload. The range is selected and defined by mutually different projectile bases. The artillery projectile has multiple modular parts which are assembled in order to create the artillery projectile.
F42B 12/02 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
A sabot in which bionic structures are provided. The structures are generated or created by way of an additive manufacturing process during the manufacture of the sabot in a defined manner with respect to size, shape and/or volume and in a targeted manner with respect to the local and quantitative embedding in the sabot.
A weapons system with at least two HEL effectors, which have at least one beam guidance system, the use of only one laser source or one pump source for the at least two HEL effectors is provided. The beam guidance systems of the HEL effectors resort to the common laser source or common pump source. An optical link of the common laser source or of the common pump source with the beam guidance system, be it direct or indirect, is implemented by means of at least one optical switching unit, and so at least one functional, complete HEL effector of the weapons system is provided to defend against threats.
H01S 3/00 - Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
F41H 13/00 - Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
H01S 3/08 - Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
H01S 3/094 - Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
H01S 3/0941 - Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a semiconductor laser, e.g. of a laser diode
H01S 3/101 - Lasers provided with means to change the location from which, or the direction in which, laser radiation is emitted
H01S 3/23 - Arrangement of two or more lasers not provided for in groups , e.g. tandem arrangement of separate active media
The invention relates to a device for venting or supplying air to a room, said room being delimited by walls. The room is completely surrounded by the walls and has a ventilation system for supplying an airflow in order to exchange the air in the room with the air outside of the room. For this purpose, the closed room is interrupted by an opening through which the airflow can enter or exit the room. The opening is then covered by at least three perforated plates, wherein the perforated plates are arranged in a layered manner relative to one another, and the perforated plates have two different degrees of hardness.
F41H 7/03 - Air-pressurised compartments for crew; Means for preventing admission of noxious substances, e.g. combustion gas from gun barrels, in crew compartments; Sealing arrangements
A protection device for a laser system having at least one active laser and having at least one beam guide. Eye safety and/or protection for an exposed person is achieved using at least one additional laser as a warning laser which, operating in a visible spectral range, is used shortly before the active laser is used, and which, can cause at least one person to close his or her eyes and/or change his or her viewing direction away from the receptor point of the active laser beam on a target.
F41H 13/00 - Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
G08B 13/183 - Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems by interruption of a radiation beam or barrier
The installation space dimensions of a weapon system in the tower are complied with, and a loading space diameter of a caliber-larger weapon barrel is approximately maintained in relation to the smaller caliber. The required larger loading space volume for the caliber increase is predominantly achieved by an extension of the loading space of the caliber-larger weapon barrel relative to a loading space of the caliber-smaller weapon barrel itself. Since the loading space diameter of a larger caliber remains virtually unchanged, the outer dimensions of the caliber-larger weapon barrel also remain virtually unchanged compared to the outer dimensions of the caliber-smaller weapon barrel in the region of the loading part.
A striking mechanism for triggering a firing pin of an externally or self-powered weapon that has a breech. The striking mechanism including a kinematic mechanism having a trigger rocker, a safety device and a release. The trigger rocker acts on the safety device such that the release functionally interacts with a striking hammer. The striking hammer having a telescopic pushrod. A spring mounted around the telescopic pushrod is tensioned when the breech is advanced and a catching edge of the release engages under a catching edge of the striking hammer.
F41A 7/08 - Drives for externally-powered guns, i.e. drives for moving the breech-block or bolt by an external force during automatic firing
F41A 25/26 - Assembling or dismounting recoil elements or systems
F41A 3/44 - Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
F41A 11/02 - Modular concepts, e.g. weapon-family concepts
F41A 17/30 - Multiple safeties, i.e. safeties acting on at least one element of the firing mechanism and at least one other element of the gun, e.g. the moving barrel
F41A 17/58 - Sear safeties, i.e. means for rendering ineffective an intermediate lever transmitting trigger movement to firing pin, hammer, bolt or sear automatically operated, i.e. operated by breech opening or closing movement
F41A 17/76 - Hammer safeties, i.e. for preventing the hammer from hitting the cartridge or the firing pin automatically operated, i.e. operated by breech opening or closing movement
F41A 19/18 - Mechanical firing mechanisms for multibarrel guns
F41A 7/00 - Auxiliary mechanisms for bringing the breech-block or bolt or the barrel to the starting position before automatic firing; Drives for externally-powered guns; Remote-controlled gun chargers
61.
Cocking device for a firing pin and weapon comprising said cocking device
A cocking device for a firing pin spring of a firing pin of a weapon, the firing pin being integrated into a breech. This firing pin spring is cocked during the pre-run of the control slide, by means of a cocking slide on the weapon, said cocking slide having a cocking curve, in which a pin of a cocking rocker is engaged.
F41A 3/44 - Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
F41A 17/42 - Safeties for locking the breech-block or bolt in a safety position
F41A 17/66 - Firing-pin safeties, i.e. means for preventing movement of slidably-mounted strikers automatically operated, i.e. operated by breech opening or closing movement
A pyrotechnic delayed-action composition and primer charge made of REACh-compliant components that are safe for humans and the environment. The delayed-action composition comprises at least one oxidant, at least one reducing agent, at least one filler and at least one mineral binder. The performance parameters thereof, in particular the burning time, can be set variably within a wide range. The composition clinkers on its own, thus preventing extinction at the front of the burning material even in dynamic conditions. The primer charge comprises at least one oxidant, at least one reducing agent, at least one filler and at least one mineral binder. It is easy to ignite and, due to its clinker structure, transfers its energy well to the compositions to be ignited. The delayed-action composition and the primer charge have the same structure and can easily be combined and adapted to each other in delayed-action units.
C06B 33/00 - Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
C06B 23/00 - Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
C06C 9/00 - Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
F42C 9/10 - Time fuzes; Combined time- and percussion- or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by combustion
D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loom; Weaves not provided for in any other single group
An ammunition feed device of a belted ammunition in a weapon system for delivery before a closure or before a closure head, wherein the ammunition must be drawn from the ammunition belt by a cartridge hook and delivered to the closure. To prevent a misfire, etc., the cartridge hook is integrated in the weapon system separately from the closure. The cartridge hook is carried or placed by the closure, when the closure has covered a distance to the rear or must still cover a distance forward.
A cocking device for a firing pin spring of a firing pin of a weapon, the firing pin being integrated into a breech. This firing pin spring is cocked during the pre-run of the control slide, by means of a cocking slide on the weapon, said cocking slide having a cocking curve, in which a pin of a cocking rocker is engaged.
F41A 3/44 - Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
F41A 17/42 - Safeties for locking the breech-block or bolt in a safety position
F41A 17/66 - Firing-pin safeties, i.e. means for preventing movement of slidably-mounted strikers automatically operated, i.e. operated by breech opening or closing movement
A protection and defence system for an infrastructure against a threat approaching the infrastructure, comprising at least one effector. When a threat is determined, the at least one effector dispenses a non-lethal countermeasure which damages the threat and thus causes its crash. Vision and target tracker, such as at least a camera and tracker, and at least one directing/actuating drive are allocated to the effector or effectors. The effector and the vision and target tracker thereof are supported by a modular platform which can be fixedly installed to/on various infrastructures, can be removed therefrom and be used in a mobile mode. In addition, the platforms comprise a sensor that detects the spatial position of the effectors.
F41H 13/00 - Means of attack or defence not otherwise provided for
F42B 5/313 - Cartridge cases of plastics formed by assembling several elements all elements made of plastics
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
66.
Recoil intensifier of an externally powered machine weapon, in particular a machine gun
For an externally powered weapon, in particular a machine weapon and a machine gun, having at least one barrel, a recoil intensifier at the front end of the barrel is proposed to intensify a weapon return of the returning masses of the weapon and to generate and intensify a signal for monitoring, in particular functionally monitoring, the weapon. The recoil intensifier is of a flared form. The signal intensified by the intensification is used for example for counting the number of shots fired, initiating an emergency stop function, etc. Depending on the further use, the mechanically intensified signal may be converted into an electrical signal.
F41A 21/26 - Barrels or gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means specially adapted for recoil reinforcement, e.g. for training purposes
F41A 7/00 - Auxiliary mechanisms for bringing the breech-block or bolt or the barrel to the starting position before automatic firing; Drives for externally-powered guns; Remote-controlled gun chargers
F41A 19/01 - Counting means indicating the number of shots fired
F41A 25/12 - Spring-operated systems using coil springs
A weapon which has a modular design. The weapon is subdivided into weapon-specific modular assemblies which are designed as carrier units of the components. The modular assemblies include a weapon housing into which a breech system of the weapon and a striking mechanism is provided, a weapon cradle that connects with the weapon housing, and a weapon barrel module. The modular assemblies are connected to each other by rails and guides, by binders and holders, by pins, or by bolts and quick release fasteners.
F41A 25/26 - Assembling or dismounting recoil elements or systems
F41A 3/44 - Semi-rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements movably mounted on the bolt or on the barrrel or breech housing having sliding locking elements, e.g. balls, rollers
F41A 11/02 - Modular concepts, e.g. weapon-family concepts
F41A 17/30 - Multiple safeties, i.e. safeties acting on at least one element of the firing mechanism and at least one other element of the gun, e.g. the moving barrel
F41A 17/58 - Sear safeties, i.e. means for rendering ineffective an intermediate lever transmitting trigger movement to firing pin, hammer, bolt or sear automatically operated, i.e. operated by breech opening or closing movement
F41A 17/76 - Hammer safeties, i.e. for preventing the hammer from hitting the cartridge or the firing pin automatically operated, i.e. operated by breech opening or closing movement
F41A 19/18 - Mechanical firing mechanisms for multibarrel guns
F41A 7/08 - Drives for externally-powered guns, i.e. drives for moving the breech-block or bolt by an external force during automatic firing
F41A 7/00 - Auxiliary mechanisms for bringing the breech-block or bolt or the barrel to the starting position before automatic firing; Drives for externally-powered guns; Remote-controlled gun chargers
68.
Weapon drive and weapon drive with an emergency weapon stop
A drive for a weapon having a drive cam and a connecting rod unit guided in the drive cam. The drive cam includes the firing cycle of the weapon. A connecting rod unit has a front pin and a rear pin, a strut pin. With its front pin, the connecting rod unit engages in the drive cam. The front pin is also connected to a crank, which is driven by an external drive. The strut pin is connected to an overall control slider of a breech block of the weapon. An emergency stop device, which when a shot is fired makes a pin extend and ensures that the overall control slider is taken along. If, on the other hand, no shot is fired, the pin is not made to extend and the overall control slider not moved. Parts of the drive may in this case continue to run.
A penetrator and a sub-caliber ammunition or projectile accommodating said penetrator. The penetrator according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the penetrator has an interface in the front area. Via said geometric interface, a basic penetrator devised in according to the invention can be provided having different penetrator tips and completed to form an individual KE penetrator.
F42B 12/06 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
F42B 12/08 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with armoured cupola
F42B 12/74 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
F42B 10/04 - Stabilising arrangements using fixed fins
F42B 14/06 - Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
F42B 33/00 - Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
A projectile with a projectile casing and at least one pyrotechnic charge incorporated in the projectile casing is proposed, wherein the projectile has an open projectile base with a destructible membrane and the pyrotechnic charge burns away at a defined rate during the flight of the projectile, and so the projectile loses mass in such a way that a predetermined effective range is not exceeded. As a result, safety and a nonlethal effect are achieved, in particular outside the effective range.
F42B 10/48 - Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means
F42B 12/74 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
F42B 10/40 - Range-increasing arrangements with combustion of a slow-burning charge, e.g. fumers, base-bleed projectiles
F42B 12/44 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of incendiary type
A weapon having a barrel cluster, having at least one, preferably multiple, weapon barrel(s) and having a bolt, and only one of the weapon barrels is oriented in alignment with the single bolt and interacts therewith for the purposes of firing. The barrel cluster has a front, muzzle-side barrel holder and has a rear, bolt-side barrel holder, and has, in a partial region, a control body with a control cam which is incorporated on the circumference. By way of said control cam, the barrel cluster can be adjusted as a whole and independently of the firing of the weapon. The control body is preferably electronically rotated, for which purpose a pin of the actuator engages into the control cam of the control body.
F41F 1/10 - Revolving-cannon guns, i.e. multibarrel guns with the barrels and their respective breeches mounted on a rotor; Breech mechanisms therefor
F41A 11/02 - Modular concepts, e.g. weapon-family concepts
F41A 17/16 - Cook-off prevention, i.e. prevention of spontaneous firing of a cartridge by chamber wall heat
F41A 17/30 - Multiple safeties, i.e. safeties acting on at least one element of the firing mechanism and at least one other element of the gun, e.g. the moving barrel
F41A 19/18 - Mechanical firing mechanisms for multibarrel guns
In order to obtain an explosive smoke grenade, which can be fired from a portable anti-tank weapon, in particular a recoilless infantry weapon, and permits an enemy position or a vehicle to be fogged as quickly as possible, so that the enemy has only a very limited radius of action, a explosive smoke grenade is provided with a time fuse that can be programmed such that the burst charge detonates in the direct vicinity of the enemy position but before the grenade has reached the ground, and releases the smoke-generating active material. In addition, the pyrotechnic active substance arranged between the burst charge and the grenade casing is formed of a plurality of film strips, which are coated with a red-phosphorus-containing incendiary composition (flares). For this purpose, the dimensions of the flares are selected such that they generate a visibility barrier in both the visible and the infrared wavelength regions.
F42B 12/48 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing
F42B 12/70 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
F42C 17/04 - Fuze-setting apparatus for electric fuzes
F42C 11/06 - Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
F41G 1/473 - Sighting devices for particular applications for lead-indicating or range-finding, e.g. for use with rifles or shotguns
F41C 27/06 - Adaptations of smallarms for firing grenades, e.g. rifle grenades, or for firing riot-control ammunition; Barrel attachments therefor
F42B 12/20 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
F42C 9/02 - Time fuzes; Combined time- and percussion- or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition the timing being caused by mechanical means
A mount part for a weapon barrel in a weapon barrel holder having a tubular inner diameter which comprises a first section and an encircling ring-shaped second section which is of greater outer diameter than the first section and than a following third section. The third section has at least one slot. The at least one slot runs substantially perpendicular to the second section. In a particular usage situation, the ring-shaped section has circumferential bevels. This permits usage in a barrel mounting of a multi-barrelled weapon having multiple weapon barrels mounted in a common barrel mounting.
A case discharge device having a case ejector for ejecting a case or a misfire for a weapon having a bolt with a bolt head, wherein a munition is supplied to a weapon barrel of the weapon by the bolt and the case or the misfire is pulled out of the weapon barrel. The case discharge device is characterized in that, now, in the bolt head, there is situated a groove into which a case ejector which is static with respect to a weapon housing engages. During the return of the bolt, the case ejector which is static with respect to the weapon housing slides within the groove and engages on the bottom of the case in order to release the latter from the bolt and, after the release, discharge said case.
F41A 15/16 - Cartridge extractors, i.e. devices for pulling cartridges or cartridge cases at least partially out of the cartridge chamber; Cartridge ejectors, i.e. devices for throwing the extracted cartridges or cartridge cases free of the gun for bolt-action guns the ejector being mounted on the breech housing or frame
A smoke munition or smoke grenade which can be fired from a launcher, for example a grenade launcher, and has at least one active charge for producing smoke as a protection for ships. To achieve the effect that the active charge of the smoke grenade can be delivered quickly and safely for the ship's crew and the active compound thereof can be converted completely into smoke even after hitting the water, the invention proposes providing the active charge with a floating aid, which can be deployed before the active charge hits the water and prevents the active charge from sinking and prevents the active compound that produces the smoke from becoming wet.
F42B 5/155 - Smoke-pot projectors, e.g. arranged on vehicles
F42B 12/48 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances smoke-producing
F42B 10/48 - Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means
F42B 12/34 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
76.
Method and device for providing a dummy target for protecting a vehicle and/or an object from radar-guided seeker heads
A method and a device for providing a dummy target via decoy chaffs for protecting a vehicle and/or an object from radar-guided missiles. After identification of the radar-guided missile and calculation of a decoy chaff pattern, the decoy chaff pattern is presented in the form of polar coordinates in accordance with the firing of shots, a “cut-off” distance for the determination of a defence radius is then found in these polar coordinates. A minimum distance between the disassembly or detonation points within the defence radius is set. The dummy target is then optimized on the basis of the “cut-off” distance and the minimum distance between the disassembly or detonation points. As a result of this calculation, the only decoy chaffs that are deloyed are those that meet the conditions, i.e. that have a minimum distance between the disassembly or detonation points within the defence radius in the optimized dummy target.
A cartridge with a drive system and a projectile which is connected to the drive system, wherein the drive system has a propellant case filled with a propellant and has a case bottom containing a substantially axially extending case bottom opening with a T-shaped edge contour. The case bottom opening is closed by a plug which is of T-shaped configuration, receives an ignition cap and is held in position by a safety fuse ring of a rupture disc. The safety fuse ring is arranged between the front side of the head part of the plug and the rear side of an adjoining inner-side projection of the case bottom, with the result that the propellant chamber is delimited by the front surface of the plug neck. An inner edge of the safety fuse ring engages in a positively locking and/or non-positive manner into an outer groove-shaped recess of the plug.
A firing device for firing cartridge ammunition comprising a case head, which has on its outer circumference at least one peripheral, groove-shaped depression. In order to achieve secure arrestment of the ammunition in the firing device when the firing device is loaded from the muzzle end, a head piece and a tubular ammunition receiving-device is provided, wherein the ammunition receiving-device is arranged such that it can be moved axially in the direction of the head piece against the pressure of a restoring element. In this case, the head piece includes an annular guiding element, which extends axially into the ammunition receiving-device and has multiple guiding openings, which extend through the wall of the guiding element and are in each case of a form that is angled from the outer side of the guiding element in the direction of the opening of the ammunition receiving-device.
A mortar includes at least one barrel mounted movably over a ball journal in a bottom supporting device, and an aiming device serving to aim the barrel vertically and horizontally. In order to be able to aim the barrel of the mortar automatically in a simple and cost advantageous manner, the aiming device preferably comprises a carriage that can be moved along guideways essentially horizontally towards or away from the barrel. At the carriage, the first end region of a pivoted arm is mounted so that it can be rotated about a pivot axis, and the second end region of the pivoted arm is connected with a spherical plain bearing, guiding the barrel. The spherical plain bearing embraces a housing part, which is open at its end faces and in which an inner part is mounted spherically (rotatably), which contains a cylindrical barrel guide, for movably accommodating the barrel.
An ammunition is proposed with an explosive-free missile that releases, upon dismantling at the target a fuel or fuel mixture as flammable air-fuel mixture, being caused to spontaneously react by at least one, by impact dismantling triggered, explosive-free, spark-generating ignition mechanism. The thus produced optical and thermal target signature can be detected with the naked eye, as well as with rifle scopes or other optical target detection systems, as well as with night-vision and thermal imaging devices.
F42B 12/46 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
F42B 12/40 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating, type
F42B 12/44 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of incendiary type
A muzzle brake of a weapon or a weapons system for small- and medium-calibre weapons, that has a reduced outer signature with respect to heat and/or propellant gas emissions is provided. For this purpose, the propellant gas emerging from the barrel is diverted to the gas outlet openings of the muzzle brake in order to impinge on them to absorb the recoil, and is then made to pass further to the rear, and thereby cooled in a device.
A system for optically programming an in-flight projectile fired from a weapon comprises a fire control device and a controlled projectile. The fire control device comprises an optical transmitter and the projectile comprises a fuze, an optical collector and an optical sensor. The transmitter transmits optical signals to the in-flight projectile in order to program the circuit of the fuze disposed in the projectile.
A training ammunition projectile has a projectile body comprising a head with a frangible ogive designed to burst when the projectile strikes a target. One or more marking agents, disposed in the head for marking the position of the target upon its release when the ogive has burst, include 1) chemi-luminescent components, disposed in separate frangible compartments, which mix and react chemically with each other when the compartments break up on setback, causing the mixed components to luminesce, and/or (2) a low density, fine, dry powder material disposed in the head and designed to create a plume, both for marking the target when the projectile strikes the target. A dry thermal material, disposed in a separate compartment in the head and designed to be exposed to oxygen or air upon setback, due to the initial acceleration and the centrifugal forces, produce an exothermic reaction and emit heat during flight of the projectile, thereby to increase the temperature of the marking agents during flight and provide an Infrared marking signature when the projectile strikes the target.
F42B 12/40 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating, type
85.
Impact locating day and night marker for a projectile
A marking projectile comprises separate compartments that break during launch due to rotation of the projectile as it leaves the barrel of a weapon. Metal pellets contained within the compartments are pressed outward and pierce the compartment walls. This allows for mixing of chemical materials contained within the compartments, so that the materials substantially react by the time the projectile strikes a target. The chemical materials may be a pair of chemi-luminescent components, or components that create heat for thermal marking.
A high angle-of-attack projectile or bomb comprises separate compartments that, after launch allow for (a) mixing of the chemi-luminescent materials, (b) heating of the materials in the projectile vessel, (c) pressurization of the projectile vessel, and (d) efficient expulsion of a day marker and heated chemi-luminescent mix upon striking the target. The projectile/bomb allows for the marking of targets. The projectile/bomb does not create unexploded ordnance (UXO) and minimizes use of energetic materials such as reactive chemicals and/or pyrotechnics.
A powdery pyrotechnic mixture is proposed that comprises a binary or ternary inorganic oxidizing agent mixture composed of one or two metal oxides, a nitrate totaling 50.0% by weight to 85.0% by weight, an elementary inorganic fuel or a mixture of elementary inorganic fuels totaling 15.0% by weight to 40.0% by weight, a stabilized nitrocellulose or a nitrocellulose-based propellant powder from 0.0% by weight to 25.0% by weight, graphite from 0.0% by weight to 5.0% by weight as well as. Optionally. a further processing aid from 0.0% by weight to 5.0% by weight. The powdery pyrotechnic mixture excels in that it contains no chlorate-containing compound and/or perchlorate-containing compound as an oxidizing agent and no sulfur or a sulfur-containing compound as fuel. The proposed pyrotechnic mixture is used in pyrotechnic objects and ammunition for the production of a bang-effect and/or flash effect.
C06B 43/00 - Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups
C06B 47/10 - Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase the components comprising a binary propellant a component containing free boron, an organic borane or a binary compound of boron, except with oxygen
C06B 31/02 - Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate
D03D 23/00 - General weaving methods not special to the production of any particular woven fabric or the use of any particular loom; Weaves not provided for in any other single group
C06B 33/14 - Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds at least one being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
88.
Breech drive for a weapon with a linear breech or ammunition feed
A mechanism or drive (100) for a weapon is described, which is characterized by only a limited acceleration of the breech (20) and a jerk- and recoil-free operation, thereby reducing the inertia force and the required power and increasing the repetition rate. The reduction of the required power also results in a reduction of braking power in the case of a quick stop. For this purpose, the rotational motion of preferably a motor (50) or the like is converted to a forward or reverse motion of the breech (20) using the Scotch yoke principle. In order to allow rest periods of the breech in the end limit positions, the rod (3) and the yoke (1) are arranged radially and displaceable relative to each other so that the yoke radius changes when the yoke (1) is rotated. A control cam (6) radially guides the rod (3).
A drive for a weapon is provided, wherein rotational motion of a motor is converted to a forward or reverse motion of the breech in a simple manner using the Scotch yoke principle. In order to allow rest periods of the breech in the end positions, the crank radius is defined by a control cam, which changes when the crank is rotated. The hinge pin of the crank may be externally driven via a pinion shaft. A yoke pin is arranged in a groove of the crank so as to be radially displaceable and carries the breech carrier or the breech in a groove extending transversely to the direction of fire via a sliding block. Two rollers are arranged on the crank pin and run in control cams in the weapon or crank housing. The control cam is subdivided into different sectors/sections, thereby achieving the desired motion of the breech.
An irritation body (100, 100′) is proposed, which is formed by at least two modules (101, 102). The upper module (101) serves for acceptance of an ignition head (1) with tilt lever (3) and comprises upper blow-out apertures (8, 9). The lower module (102) is intended for acceptance of an effect-charge (11) with the effect-charge (11) being integrated in a central chamber (10) of a module (102). The chamber (10) itself is functionally connected with the upper blow-out apertures (8, 9) and also with the lower blow-out apertures (12, 18, 19, 20) in the lower module (102). The chamber (10) in the lower module (102) can, depending upon module (102), be selected in different sizes, which produces, under concomitant volume variability, output variability with defined increase in output.
F42B 12/46 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
F42B 12/36 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling
F42B 12/42 - Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for signalling of illuminating type, e.g. carrying flares
A mortar includes at least one barrel mounted movably over a ball journal in a bottom supporting device, and an aiming device serving to aim the barrel vertically and horizontally. In order to be able to aim the barrel of the mortar automatically in a simple and cost advantageous manner, the aiming device preferably comprises a carriage that can be moved along guideways essentially horizontally towards or away from the barrel. At the carriage, the first end region of a pivoted arm is mounted so that it can be rotated about a pivot axis, and the second end region of the pivoted arm is connected with a spherical plain bearing, guiding the barrel. The spherical plain bearing embraces a housing part, which is open at its end faces and in which an inner part is mounted spherically (rotatably), which contains a cylindrical barrel guide, for movably accommodating the barrel.
The invention relates to a cartridge having a propellant charge casing at least partially filled with a propellant charge powder, and a projectile part connected on a front of the propellant charge casing, wherein the propellant charge casing comprises a casing cover, a casing sheath and a casing base, and the casing sheath is connected to the projectile part via the casing cover and to the casing base via a spring steel sheet. In order to achieve different amounts of propellant charge powder filled into the same propellant charge casing without igniting the propellant charge at undesirable blast waves, a sack-shaped container that is completely filled with the respective amount of propellant charge powder is disposed inside the propellant charge casing so that the container, and thus also the propellant charge powder, extends in the direction of the central longitudinal axis of the cartridge.
F42B 5/16 - Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge or powder
A re-locking device for a rocker arm detonator (1) of an armament, such as a hand grenade, irritation body etc., is formed by a security mechanism (3), which facilitates a repeat locking after activation of the armament. The re-locking device includes at least one profile part (4, 4′), which is pivotably arranged and able to engage with the armament by means of an expedient (9), especially with the ignition head (5, 5′) and the rocker arm (2).
The invention relates to a subcaliber projectile, particularly for a dart projectile, having a resistance-stabilizing, conically designed guide mechanism having a frustum-shaped recess, wherein a guide cage has a substantially hollow cylindrical design in which a propulsion element is integrated therein on a rear side. To allow the propulsion element to be produced in a simple fashion and the guide cage to be lighter weight than comparable known drive cages, the propulsion element is designed substantially only as a disk-shaped metal plate extending transverse to the longitudinal axis of the guide cage, wherein the drive element is mounted on an edge in an annular groove-shaped recess of the inner wall of the guide cage, wherein the disk-shaped metal plate comprises a central through hole, the diameter of which is as large as possible, but smaller than the maximum diameter of the frustum-shaped recess of the guide mechanism.
A thermal insulation jacket for a gun barrel, especially a cannon barrel, where the thermal insulation jacket includes a metal jacket that surrounds the gun barrel. In order to prevent uneven heating of the surface of the gun barrel within the thermal insulation jacket, an additional area that is especially effective at reflecting thermal radiation is provided on the inner surface of the metal jacket that lies opposite the underside of the gun barrel, so that when the gun barrel heats, the temperature differences between the upper side and the underside of the gun barrel are at least partially compensated. For this purpose, a reflective film is provided as the area that is a good reflector of thermal radiation. This reflective film is adhesively attached to the metal jacket.
A sabot projectile with a subcaliber penetrator and a sabot, which has a propulsion element that acts on the rear end of the penetrator, a segmented, essentially cylindrical guide cage, which is connected to the front end of the propulsion element, and a segmented, disk-shaped metal guide element that extends radially inward in the front area of the guide cage and holds the penetrator. The disk-shaped guide element has a slightly convex contour in the direction of flight of the projectile and the material and the wall thickness of the guide element are chosen in such a way that convex area of the guide element is pushed back slightly when the sabot projectile is fired, so that the outer marginal area of the guide element rests against the inside wall of the gun barrel from which the sabot projectile is fired, and/or the inner marginal area of the guide element, which faces the penetrator, rests against the outer surface of the penetrator.
A method for producing a shell and a shell produced by this method, wherein the shell has a projectile, a combustible propellant charge casing, and a casing cover that joins the propellant charge casing with the projectile, such that the projectile has a sealing ring adjacent to the casing cover. To realize cost-effective assembly of a shell of this type, the casing cover is produced as an injection molded part made of an elastic plastic, such that the front end region of the casing cover facing the projectile forms the sealing ring.
In a first step, it is proposed that tunable transmitters and detectors (receivers) be included in a detection system and that a narrowband, preferably variable frequency signal be used in order to determine the frequencies for optimum injection into the electronics of a target. When the detection system identifies these frequencies, destruction can be initiated in the second step of the invention for a transmitter or receiver which is communicating with the target. For this purpose, once the optimum frequencies have been determined, a high-power signal is transmitted into the local area of the target at the specific/determined frequency. The evaluation unit, which is integrated in the detection system, controls the transmission frequencies, evaluates the harmonic signals, selects the optimum frequencies for an attack, and controls and checks the attack process.
An HPEM module (1,10) is provided, wherein the output pulse or the trigger pulse is transmitted on a single input trigger pulse (Trigger 2, 11) with an intermediate TTD network (5, 14) in a phase-defined and time-defined manner independent of frequency depending on the selected input of the electromagnetic lens via the geometric form of the lens. The trigger signal defines the time point for the generation of an UWB pulse in the pulse generator (3, 16). The main lobe of an antenna array (1*n) of several antennae (7, 15) is thus altered in the same number of positions in a plane accordingly as the number of adjustable phase differences or time differences. For an m*n array the alignment of the antenna lobe is no longer restricted to the plane.
H01Q 3/22 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation in accordance with variation of frequency of radiated wave
patents
