Black mass from disused lithium batteries is leached for recovery of various metals in a process that includes precipitation, solvent exchange, ion exchange, and salt splitting to create multiple product streams for recovery of pure value products. Most typically, the process is a closed-loop process and allows for production of metallic cobalt and nickel, EMD, and a high purity lithium hydroxide or carbonate product with minimal generation of waste streams.
H01M 10/54 - Récupération des parties utiles des accumulateurs usagés
C22B 3/06 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés par lixiviation dans des solutions inorganiques acides
Lead oxide particles are produced in a ball mill or Barton pot-type process from a lead product formed by an electrolytic process that continuously generates metallic lead. The lead product may be in form of lead flakes, spongy lead, or a nano- and/or microcrystalline lead matrix that is directly obtained from the electrolytic process, optionally washed, and may be compressed before being fed to the ball mill or Barton pot-type process. Notably, thusly produced lead oxide particles have desirable purity and size distribution, despite the presence of residual aqueous solution from the electrolytic process that produced the feedstock for the ball mill or Barton pot.
H01M 4/56 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de plomb
H01M 4/02 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif
H01M 4/57 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de plomb de "plomb gris", c. à d. de poudres à base de plomb et d'oxyde de plomb
H01M 10/0567 - Matériaux liquides caracterisés par les additifs
H01M 10/0568 - Matériaux liquides caracterisés par les solutés
H01M 10/0569 - Matériaux liquides caracterisés par les solvants
Valuable metals, and especially copper and silver, are recovered from a lead containing electrolyte in a process in which the electrolyte is fed into an electrochemical polishing reactor that has a high-surface area cathode at which the electrode potential is controlled to so preferentially reduce copper and silver and to form a pre-treated lead-enriched electrolyte that can then be subjected to electrochemical lead recovery.
Lead is recovered from lead paste of a lead acid battery in a continuous and electrochemical lead recovery process. In especially preferred aspects, lead paste is processed to remove residual sulfates, and the so treated lead paste is subjected to a thermal treatment step that removes residual moisture and reduces lead dioxide to lead oxide. Advantageously, such pretreatment will avoid lead dioxide accumulation and electrolyte dilution.
Devices and methods for electrode diaphragms are presented in which a hydrophobic polymeric diaphragm is pretreated with ions present in an electrolyte under conditions that are effective to increase wettability of the diaphragm. It is contemplated that the diaphragm can first be exposed to a wetting agent and then placed in an aqueous electrolyte used in an electrochemical process. Current can be applied in an amount sufficient to drive ions of the ionic solution into the polymeric diaphragm.
B01D 71/00 - Membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation, caractérisées par leurs matériaux; Procédés spécialement adaptés à leur fabrication
Lead is recycled from lead paste of lead acid batteries in a process that employs alkaline desulfurization followed by formation of plumbite that is then electrolytically converted to pure lead. Remaining insoluble lead dioxide is removed from the lead plumbite solution and reduced to produce lead oxide that can be fed back to the recovery system. Sulfate is recovered as sodium sulfate, while the so produced lead oxide can be added to lead paste for recovery.
C22B 3/00 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés
C22B 3/12 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés par lixiviation dans des solutions inorganiques alcalines
C22B 3/20 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p.ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation
H01M 10/54 - Récupération des parties utiles des accumulateurs usagés
Lead is recovered from lead paste of a lead acid battery in a continuous process. The lead paste is contacted with a base to generate a supernatant and a precipitate. The precipitate is separated from the supernatant, and is contacted with an alkane sulfonic acid to generate a mixture of lead ion solution and insoluble lead dioxide. The lead dioxide is reduced with a reducing agent to form lead oxide, and the lead oxide is combined with the lead ion solution to form a combined lead ion solution to so allow a continuous process without lead dioxide accumulation. Lead is recovered from the combined lead ion solution using electrolysis.
C22B 3/00 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés
C22B 3/20 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p.ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation
C22B 3/22 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p.ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés physiques, p.ex. par filtration, par des moyens magnétiques
C22B 3/44 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p.ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés chimiques
C22B 5/00 - Procédés généraux de réduction appliqués aux métaux
C25C 1/18 - Production, récupération ou affinage électrolytique des métaux par électrolyse de solutions du plomb
H01M 10/54 - Récupération des parties utiles des accumulateurs usagés
Sulfate produced in lead acid battery processing can be recovered as sulfuric acid. A lead paste from a lead acid battery is collected and contacted with a base to produce a two-phase reaction product. The two-phase reaction product comprises a supernatant having a soluble sulfate salt and a precipitate having an insoluble lead salt. The supernatant is treated in an electrochemical flow cell to thereby produce sulfuric acid and a regenerated base.
A closed loop electrochemical process of recovery of high-purity lead uses continuous formation of adherent lead on a cathode from an electrolyte that is used to dissolve desulfated lead paste. Preferred cathodes include aluminum containing cathodes that are operated in methane sulfonic acid to produce a micro- or nanoporous mixed matrix metallic composition and lead dioxide formation at the anode is avoided using appropriate anode configurations or operating conditions
The inventive subject matter is directed to continuous electrochemical production of highly pure micro- or nanostructured lead that at least partially encloses the electroprocessing solvent and molecular hydrogen and optional guest compounds to form a mixed matrix. Such compositions are particularly suitable for cold forming of various structures and/or for alloy and composite material production.
Lead from lead acid battery scrap is recovered in two separate production streams as clean grid lead and as high-purity lead without smelting. In preferred aspects, lead recovery is performed in a continuous process that uses an aqueous electroprocessing solvent and electro-refining. Spent electroprocessing solvent and/or base utilized to treat lead paste from the lead acid battery scrap can be recycled to the recovery process.
Lead from lead acid battery scrap is recovered in two separate production streams as clean grid lead and as high-purity lead without smelting. In preferred aspects, lead recovery is performed in a continuous process that uses an aqueous electroprocessing solvent and electro-refining, and spent electroprocessing solvent can be recycled to the recovery process.
H01M 4/14 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs au plomb
C25C 1/18 - Production, récupération ou affinage électrolytique des métaux par électrolyse de solutions du plomb
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