A FBG strain sensor arrangement includes a sensor carrier of steel sheet to which a FBG strain sensor is fastened. A protective cover has a first part configured thin and narrow and bonded to the sensor carrier along an optical fiber so that the optical fiber lying underneath is fixed with a fiber Bragg grating on the sensor carrier. The protective cover is enlarged at each end portion of the optical fiber to thereby form a cavity underneath, with edges of the enlarged second part of the protective cover being bonded to the sensor carrier. Arranged in the cavity is an elastic filler which embeds the coupling points in a vibration damping manner. The protective cover with elastic filler accommodates thermal expansions and functions for dynamic measurements by the vibration damping.
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
A weldable strain sensor includes a strain sensor having two end portions in signal communication with signal lines for transmitting a measurement signal. A sensor carrier extends in a direction of the strain sensor and is firmly connected to the strain sensor. The sensor carrier includes two end portions having slots to thereby form tongues defining tongue ends which are directed in opposition to each other. Integrally surrounding the strain sensor and the end portions thereof is a protective cover of solid plastic which is firmly connected to the sensor carrier. The protective cover is configured in a region of the strain sensor narrow and flat and in a region of coupling points of the strain sensor with the signal lines at least twice as wide and at least twice as high as in a region of the strain sensor.
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
The invention relates to a system for wirelessly supplying electric energy to a rotating device, wherein the system comprises: a flange disk (1), a disk-shaped ring (2), an annular plastic filling (6), a receiving coil (7) which is embedded in the annular plastic filling (6), a U-shaped ferrite core (3a, 3b, 3c) having a short section (3a), the end face of which is directed to the plastic filling (6), a long section (3b) which is oriented parallel to the short section (3a) and which extends parallel along the outer surface of the annular plastic filling (6), wherein the sections (3a and 3b) are connected to one another via a section (3c), a coil system (4) and a receiving coil (7) consisting of circumferential wire windings (7), wherein the distance (a) of the end face of the long section (3c) from the axis of rotation of the flange disc (1) is smaller than the distance (b) of the receiving coil from the axis of rotation of the flange disc (1).
H02J 50/00 - Circuits ou systèmes pour l'alimentation ou la distribution sans fil d'énergie électrique
H02J 50/70 - Circuits ou systèmes pour l'alimentation ou la distribution sans fil d'énergie électrique mettant en œuvre la réduction des champs de fuite électriques, magnétiques ou électromagnétiques
4.
INTERROGATOR FOR TWO FIBER BRAGG GRATING MEASUREMENT POINTS
The invention relates to a measuring arrangement for fiber Bragg grating measurement points and particularly a measuring arrangement for two fiber Bragg gratings (FBG), wherein the first measurement point is stressed in tension and the second measurement point is stressed in compression, or vice versa. The circuit arrangement comprises a broadband light source (1), a first beamsplitter (2), a second beamsplitter (3), a third beamsplitter (4), a fourth beamsplitter (5), a fifth beamsplitter (6), photodiodes (7, 8, 9) and an optical delay element (10).
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
5.
DOUBLE FLANGE TORQUE TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY WITH A SAFETY FUNCTION AND TORQUE MEASURING METHOD
The invention relates to a double flange-torque transducer assembly which can be used, in particular, in safety-relevant areas. The invention also relates to a torque measuring method which can be used, preferably with the double flange-torque transducer assembly. The double flange-torque transducer assembly comprises the following characteristics: a measuring element (1) on which strain gauges (2) are secured, two disk-shaped securing flanges (3, 4) mounted parallel to each other between which the measuring element (1) extends and which are manufactured as a single piece together with the measuring element (1), and one first and one second rotational speed measuring device (5, 6; 7, 8), one rotational speed measuring device (5, 6; 7, 8) being associated with each securing flange (3, 4). The invention also relates to a method for using the torque transducer for determining the torque.
G01L 25/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils pour la mesure des forces, du couple, du travail, de la puissance ou du rendement mécanique
G01L 3/10 - Dynamomètres de transmission rotatifs dans lesquels l'élément transmettant le couple comporte un arbre élastique en torsion impliquant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques d'indication
6.
DOUBLE-FLANGE DEFORMATION BODY FOR A TORQUE SENSOR
The invention relates to an integrally formed double-flange deformation body as a main body for the production of a torque sensor which is suitable for measuring axial forces. Said double-flange torque sensor comprises: a tubular torque measuring portion (1), which is arranged concentrically about the axis of rotation; a concentrically arranged annular securing flange (3a) having securing bores (5); a disk-shaped securing flange (4), which is arranged concentrically and in parallel thereto and is mutually spaced therefrom and has securing bores (5), and which is connected to one end of the tubular torque measuring portion (1); a support ring (3b) of rectangular cross-section, which is concentrically arranged within the securing flange (3a) and connected to the other end of the tubular torque measuring portion (1); at least 6 planar support struts (8) that radially extend between the outer circumference of the support ring (3b) and the inner circumference of the annular securing flange (3a); and a disk-shaped membrane (7) which extends between the outer circumference of the support ring (3b) and the inner circumference of the annular securing flange (3a).
G01L 1/26 - Mesures auxiliaires prises, ou dispositifs utilisés en liaison avec le mesurage des forces, p.ex. pour empêcher l'influence des composantes transversales de la force, pour empêcher la surcharge
G01L 3/10 - Dynamomètres de transmission rotatifs dans lesquels l'élément transmettant le couple comporte un arbre élastique en torsion impliquant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques d'indication
G01L 5/16 - Appareils ou procédés pour la mesure des forces, du travail, de la puissance mécanique ou du couple, spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques pour la mesure de plusieurs composantes de la force
7.
DOUBLE-FLANGE TORQUE SENSOR WITH CORRECTION SENSOR SYSTEM
The invention relates to a double flange torque sensor equipped with a correction sensor system, having the following characteristics: a deforming element (1) on which strain gauges (2) are fixed, two parallel, disc-shaped securing flanges (3, 4) which are integrally connected to the deforming element (1) and which comprise securing boreholes (5), and at least three rod-shaped spring elements (6) which extend between the flanges (3, 4) and are secured thereto between the securing boreholes (5) or to the outer region of the securing boreholes (5). The spring elements have a rectangular cross-section, the shorter side thereof being oriented radially to the axis of rotation of the double-flange. At least one strain gauge (7) is arranged on each spring element (6). The invention also relates to a method for correcting the measured torque.
G01L 25/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils pour la mesure des forces, du couple, du travail, de la puissance ou du rendement mécanique
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
G01L 3/10 - Dynamomètres de transmission rotatifs dans lesquels l'élément transmettant le couple comporte un arbre élastique en torsion impliquant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques d'indication
G01L 3/14 - Dynamomètres de transmission rotatifs dans lesquels l'élément transmettant le couple est autre qu'un arbre élastique en torsion
G01L 5/00 - Appareils ou procédés pour la mesure des forces, du travail, de la puissance mécanique ou du couple, spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques
G01L 5/16 - Appareils ou procédés pour la mesure des forces, du travail, de la puissance mécanique ou du couple, spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques pour la mesure de plusieurs composantes de la force
The invention relates to a flange-shaped torque sensor having low zero error at high rotational speeds, comprising the following features: two parallel, disc-shaped securing flanges (3, 4) comprising securing boreholes (5) which are provided in the edge region of said securing flanges (3, 4), and a deforming element (1) which extends between the securing flanges (3, 4) and on which strain gauges (2) are arranged, wherein the deforming element (1) lies in the rotational axis of the double-flange torque sensor and, between the securing flanges (3, 4), at least three rod-shaped spring elements (6, 7) extend which are secured to the outer edge region of the securing flanges (3, 4) or between the boreholes (5), wherein no strain gauges or other sensors are provided on said spring elements (6, 7).
B25B 23/14 - Agencement pour limiter le couple de blocage ou pour indiquer le couple des clés ou des tournevis
G01L 3/10 - Dynamomètres de transmission rotatifs dans lesquels l'élément transmettant le couple comporte un arbre élastique en torsion impliquant des moyens électriques ou magnétiques d'indication
G01L 3/14 - Dynamomètres de transmission rotatifs dans lesquels l'élément transmettant le couple est autre qu'un arbre élastique en torsion
The invention relates to an FBG strain sensor arrangement (1) comprising a sensor carrier (4) of steel sheet and at least one FBG strain sensor (2) fastened on it, wherein the FBG strain sensor (2) has an optical fibre with two end portions, between which at least one Bragg grating is provided. Coupled on at each of the end portions is an optical signal line (3a, 3b) for passing on the measurement signal. Also provided is a protective covering (5), which has the following features: along the optical fibre, the protective covering (5) is formed as thin and narrow and is adhesively bonded to the sensor carrier (4), and so the optical fibre is fixed on the sensor carrier (4). On each of the two end portions of the optical fibre, the protective covering (5) is enlarged, and so a cavity is formed under it. The edges of the protective covering (5) are adhesively bonded to the sensor carrier (4). Arranged in the cavity, under the enlarged protective covering (5), is an elastic filler (6), which embeds the coupling location in a vibration-damping manner.
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
The invention relates to a weld-on strain sensor suitable for curved surfaces and having the following features: a. a strain sensor (2) having two end sections that are coupled via signals to signal lines (3a, 3b) for conducting the measurement signal; b. a sensor carrier (4) extending in the direction of the strain sensor (2) and securely connected to same; c. a protective cover (5) made of a solid plastic, which integrally surrounds the strain sensor (2) and the end sections of the signal lines (3a, 3b) and which is securely connected to the sensor carrier (4), wherein the protective cover (5) is designed to be narrow and flat in the region of the strain sensor (2) and, in the region of the coupling points of the signal lines (3a, 3b) with the strain sensor (2), said protective cover is at least double the width and at least double the height of the region of the strain sensor (2); and d. the end sections of the sensor carrier (4) have slits (6) such that tabs (7) are formed, wherein the tab ends are directed at one another.
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
A device for measuring force and for monitoring wear on overhead lines includes a force-measuring system which includes two contact bars which, in an operating state, are oriented at a right angle to an overhead line to be monitored, and two connection bars, which, in the operating state, are oriented parallel to the overhead line. A bar-shaped force transducer is fastened to each end portion of the two connection bars and each of the bar-shaped force transducers extends in an axial direction of the respective connection bar.
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
B60L 5/20 - Collecteurs de courant pour lignes d'alimentation en énergie sur les véhicules propulsés électriquement utilisant des collecteurs en forme d'arc en contact avec le câble du trolley - Détails du contact de l'arc
B60L 5/22 - Organes de support pour l'arc de contact
G01L 5/10 - Appareils ou procédés pour la mesure des forces, du travail, de la puissance mécanique ou du couple, spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques pour la mesure de la tension dans les éléments flexibles, p.ex. dans les cordages, les câbles, les fils métalliques, les filaments, les courroies ou les bandes en utilisant des moyens électriques
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
The invention relates to a housing structure for electronic circuit boards and particularly to a housing structure in which high and low voltage components are arranged. The housing structure comprises a housing (1) with a rectangular cross-section for receiving electronic circuit boards (2), in which predetermined sections (1b) of the housing (1) conduct light, these sections (1b) comprise light inlet surfaces and light outlet surfaces, the light inlet surfaces are associated with optical transmitters (3) and the light outlet surfaces are associated with optical receivers (4), and the optical transmitters (3) and optical receivers (4) are connected to a circuit board (2) such that signals may pass.
The invention relates to a plug-in connector structure for printed circuit boards having high long term stability with very precise measurements. Said aim is achieved by means of a plug-in connector structure with the following characteristics: an insulation plate firmly arranged on the at least one side of a metal layer; at least one flat contact element with two end sections, the first end section being designed as a securing section, and being connected to the metallic layer by means of an electrically conductive connecting material. The second end section is designed as a rigid contact tongue which protrudes over the edge of the insulation plate. The counter-piece is a plug-in device connected to a cable provided for plugging into the contact tongue, said plug-in device being provided with at least two elastic spring tongues which are curved on the end sections thereof such that the convex sides are arranged directly opposite and are in contact with the rigid contact tongue on both sides, due the mechanical stress when the connector is in the plugged-in state The two spring tongues have the same load deflection curve. The connector is also provided with a mechanical guide system enabling the incurved spring tongues to slide in a centered manner on the contact tongue.
H01R 12/57 - Connexions fixes pour circuits imprimés rigides ou structures similaires caractérisées par les bornes bornes pour le montage en surface
H01R 12/75 - Dispositifs de couplage pour circuits imprimés rigides ou structures similaires se raccordant à des câbles à l'exclusion des câbles plats ou à rubans
The invention relates to a load cell with a centering device which improves the force transmission within a load cell, wherein the centering device has the following features: in the deformation body (2), there is provided a cylindrical recess (5) in which there is arranged a force-introducing punch (6) that is in point contact with the floor of the cylindrical recess. The circumferential section (6b) of the force-introducing punch (6) is convex. This section (6b) forms, with the wall surface (5b), an annular gap (7) of width (a) between 0.05 mm and 0.45 mm. The annular gap (7) is at a predetermined distance from the floor surface (5a). A liquid fill (8) is provided in the recess (5). An elastic cover (9) is arranged over the liquid fill (8).
G01G 3/14 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée utilisant la mesure des variations de la résistance électrique
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
A circuit for protecting an electronic functional unit connected to a data line against positive and negative overvoltages includes an analog switch arranged in the data line before the electronic functional unit and a voltage monitor, which is configured to control the analog switch, wherein the voltage monitor is configured to close the analog switch when no overvoltage occurs and to open the analog switch when an overvoltage occurs. The circuit also functions in an energy-saving mode and/or when no supply voltage is applied. The low resistance and bidirectionality of the data line are maintained.
H02H 3/22 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour déconnexion automatique due directement à un changement indésirable des conditions électriques normales de travail avec ou sans reconnexion sensibles à un excès de tension de courte durée, p.ex. foudre
H02H 3/20 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour déconnexion automatique due directement à un changement indésirable des conditions électriques normales de travail avec ou sans reconnexion sensibles à un excès de tension
H02H 9/04 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour limiter l'excès de courant ou de tension sans déconnexion sensibles à un excès de tension
H02H 9/00 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour limiter l'excès de courant ou de tension sans déconnexion
16.
MONOLITHIC MINIATURE BROADBAND LIGHT SOURCE FOR MEASUREMENTS BY MEANS OF FBG STRAIN SENSORS
The invention relates to a semiconductor-based monolithic miniature broadband light source having improved light output for measurement by means of FBG strain sensors, wherein an InGaAsP semiconductor (1) is embedded between a p-lnP semiconductor (2) and an n-lnP semiconductor (3), wherein the InGaAsP semiconductor (1) has a length (L), and the p-lnP semiconductor (2) and the n-lnP semiconductor (3) are provided with metal contacts disposed in pairs. A first pair of contacts (4a, 4b) extends over at least 60% of the length (L) of the p-lnP semiconductor (2) and of the n-lnP semiconductor (3), and the first pair of contacts (4a, 4b) and the second pair of contacts (5a, 5b) are separated from one another galvanically by a gap (6) and the two contact surfaces of the second pair of contacts (5a, 5b) are connected to one another galvanically by an electrical conductor (7).
The invention relates to a miniature light source which comprises the following components: a light-generating element (1) that has a first light-emitting surface (1a) and a second light-emitting surface (1b) lying parallel and opposite to the first, a reflector (2) that has a light input surface (2a) and a light output surface (2b) lying opposite one another, a device (3) for measuring light intensity, and a casing, said light-generating element (1) being a broadband light source, the reflector (2) being coupled to the second light-emitting surface (1b) of the light-generating element (1) by means of its light input surface (2a) and having the properties of reflecting, in the direction of the first light-emitting surface (1a), 70% to 99% of the light emitted from the second light-emitting surface (1b) and of not reflecting 1% to 30% but instead allowing it to pass through as light with two subspectra (c1, c2), the device for measuring light intensity (3) being optically coupled to the light-emitting surface (2b) and therefore able to receive the light with the two subspectra (c1, c2), and the casing being provided with an opening for the purpose of coupling an optical fibre (5).
The invention relates to a device for measuring force and for monitoring wear on contact lines (3) by means of a force-measuring system, which device has the following features: two contact strips (1a, 1b), which, in the operating state, are oriented at a right angle to a contact line (3) to be monitored, and two connecting bars (2a, 2b), which, in the operating state, are oriented parallel to the contact line (3) to be monitored, wherein a rod-shaped force sensor (4a - 4d) is fastened to each end segment of the two connecting bars (2a, 2b) and each of said rod-shaped force sensors (4a - 4d) extends in an axial direction of the respective connecting bar (2a, 2b).
B60L 5/20 - Collecteurs de courant pour lignes d'alimentation en énergie sur les véhicules propulsés électriquement utilisant des collecteurs en forme d'arc en contact avec le câble du trolley - Détails du contact de l'arc
G01L 1/00 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général
B60L 5/22 - Organes de support pour l'arc de contact
19.
MEASURING AMPLIFIER WITH BACKGROUND ADJUSTMENT AND METHOD THEREFOR
The invention concerns a measuring amplifier (103) with background calibration and adjustment, as well as a method for performing background calibration and adjustment for a measuring amplifier of this type. The measuring amplifier amplifies, digitizes and processes at least one measurement signal (111) from at least one sensing element (102) by means of at least one amplifier arrangement (108) which can temporarily be replaced with an additional amplifier arrangement (107), enabling its continuous calibration and, if necessary, adjustment. In the case of calibration, both a zero error and an amplification error of the amplifier arrangement are reliably determined. In addition, the amplifier arrangement is calibrated directly, not indirectly, thus achieving a high level of accuracy without interrupting measuring. Furthermore, only one additional amplifier arrangement is generally required, even for a measuring amplifier having a plurality of channels.
The invention relates to a force transducer construction having the follow features: - a first deformation element (1), on which a force (F) to be measured acts, wherein on or in the deformation element (1), at locations having a narrowed cross-section (1a), sensors (3a, 3b) for measuring the material elongation at said locations are arranged, - a second deformation element (6), on which sensors (3c, 3d) for measuring the material elongation are provided, and - a guide (7a, 7b), which holds the first deformation element (1) substantially in the functional position thereof in the event of a fracture at the location having a narrowed cross-section (1a) and guides the first deformation element against the second deformation element (6) in the event of further application of force.
G01L 1/26 - Mesures auxiliaires prises, ou dispositifs utilisés en liaison avec le mesurage des forces, p.ex. pour empêcher l'influence des composantes transversales de la force, pour empêcher la surcharge
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
G01G 3/14 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée utilisant la mesure des variations de la résistance électrique
21.
ROD-SHAPED FORCE TRANSDUCER WITH SIMPLIFIED ADJUSTMENT
The present invention relates to a force transducer (101) for measuring compressive and/or tensile forces, said force transducer having a rod-shaped deformation body (102) which has at least a front face (103), a rear face, a left-side face (105), a right-side face (106), an upper end face (107) and a lower end face (108) and at least four strain gauges (117, 118, 119) which are provided on the deformation body (102) and are configured to measure the longitudinal extension and the transverse extension of the deformation body (102). On the front face (103) is provided a front elongate recess (109) in the region of a point of intersection (S) between a central longitudinal axis (L) and a central transverse axis (Q1) of the deformation body (102). Opposite the front elongate recess (109) is provided, on the rear side, a rear elongate recess. On the left-side face (105) are provided at least a left-side upper indentation (112) above the central transverse axis (Q1) and a left-side lower indentation (113) below the central transverse axis (Q1). Opposite each of these indentations on the left-side face are provided, on the right-side face (106), at least a right-side upper indentation (114) and a right-side lower indentation (115). An angle (a) between the central transverse axis (Q1) and the shortest connecting line (V) between the front elongate recess (109) and the left-side upper indentation (112) is not smaller than 17° and not larger than 29°.
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
G01G 3/14 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée utilisant la mesure des variations de la résistance électrique
22.
ROD-SHAPED FORCE TRANSDUCER WITH IMPROVED DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR
The present invention relates to a force transducer for measuring compressive and/or tensile forces, said force transducer having a rod-shaped deformation body which has at least a front face (103), a rear face (104), a left-side face (105), a right-side face (106), an upper end face and a lower end face and at least four strain gauges (117, 121) which are provided on the deformation body and are configured to measure the longitudinal extension and the transverse extension of the deformation body. On the front face (103) is provided a front elongate recess (109) in the region of a point of intersection (S) between a central longitudinal axis and a central transverse axis (Q1) of the deformation body. Opposite the front elongate recess (109) is provided, on the rear side, a rear elongate recess (110). On the left-side face (105) are provided at least a left-side upper indentation above the central transverse axis (Q1) and a left-side lower indentation below the central transverse axis (Q1). Opposite each of these indentations on the left-side face are provided, on the right-side face (106), at least a right-side upper indentation and a right-side lower indentation. A ratio of a surface area of a material cross-section in a central plane extending orthogonally to the central longitudinal axis and comprising the central transverse axis (Q1) to a sum of a surface area of a first sub-region of the material cross-section and a surface area of a second sub-region of the material cross-section is not less than 1.56 and not more than 2.15.
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
G01G 3/14 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée utilisant la mesure des variations de la résistance électrique
23.
MEASUREMENT VARIABLE SENSOR HAVING INTERNAL DATA MEMORY
The present invention relates to a measurement variable sensor (3) having an internal data memory (32), to a processing device (2) for such a measurement variable sensor (3) and to a method for storing data in the internal data memory (32) of such a measurement variable sensor (3). The internal data memory (32) comprises a plurality of memory areas. A counted value that corresponds to a frequency of an occurrence of measured values in a specific measured value range is stored in each of at least two memory areas of the plurality of memory areas. In this manner, data relating to a load on a measurement variable sensor can be stored directly therein and can subsequently be assigned directly and unequivocally thereto. As a result, tamper-proof storage of the data is possible and a manufacturer or vendor of the measurement variable sensor can ascertain whether this has been overloaded, should an end user make a complaint, for example. In addition, it is possible to draw conclusions about the anticipated service life and/or measuring accuracy of the measurement variable sensor.
G01D 1/18 - Dispositions pour la mesure donnant des résultats autres que la valeur instantanée d'une variable, d'application générale avec dispositions pour signaler le dépassement d'une valeur prédéterminée d'un paramètre non spécifié
24.
METHOD FOR OBTAINING WEAR CHARACTERISTICS OF RUBBER BUFFERS AND RUBBER BUFFERS FOR VEHICLES
The invention relates to a method for obtaining wear characteristics of rubber buffers and to a rubber buffer construction, the method comprising the following steps: step 1: fitting the vehicle with rubber buffers, each rubber buffer having the following features: a rubber block (1) having a lower and an upper cover plate (2a, 2b), wherein at least one pressure-measuring cell (3) is fastened in at least one of the cover plates (2a, 2b) in such a manner that the pressure-sensing surface (3a) thereof and the inner surface of the cover plate (2a, 2b) lie in the same plane (2aE or 2bE), provision of a data-acquisition and data-storage device for acquiring and storing the measurement signals generated by the pressure-measuring cells and provision of a signalling device for emitting a malfunction signal; step 2: establishing and storing a calibration signal pattern of the new rubber buffers and defining a malfunction criterion; step 3: acquiring and storing current signal patterns; step 4: comparing the current signal patterns with the calibration signal patterns and determining whether the current signal patterns contain inadmissible abnormalities.
The invention relates to a device for compensating for temperature-governed measurement errors comprising the following features: a plate (1), a groove (2) extending circumferentially in the top side (1a) of the plate, in which groove an optical fibre (3) with a Bragg grating (4) having the length (L) is fixed, wherein the groove (2) has a width (b) and a depth (t) and the width (b) is at least 1.001 times to 1.5 times and the depth at least 1.001 times fibre diameter (d), the groove (2) has at least one rectilinearly extending section (2a) which has a length (L) and which is at least as long as the Bragg grating (4) and at least 1.3 times wider than the fibre diameter (d), and an entry and exit region (5) for the fibre (3), said region being situated opposite the rectilinearly extending section (2a), and the optical fibre (3) is fixed in the groove (2) by means of an adhesive, wherein the Bragg grating (4) is positioned in the section (2a).
F16C 19/52 - Paliers à contact de roulement pour mouvement de rotation exclusivement avec dispositifs affectés par des conditions anormales ou indésirables
26.
BEAM-TYPE LOAD CELL FOR FASTENING IN THIN-WALLED HOLLOW PROFILES
The invention relates to a beam-type load cell (1), comprising a loading section (1a) for absorbing a force (F), a fastening section (1b) for fastening the beam-type load cell in a hollow profile (2), and at least one strain sensor (3) that is arranged between the loading section (1a) and the fastening section (1b), wherein the fastening portion (1b) has at least one movable fastening element (6) having a clamping surface (A) that can be brought into pressing contact with the inner wall of the hollow profile (2), a moving device (7) is arranged between the loading section (1a) and the fastening section (1b) for pressing the fastening element (6) onto the inner wall of the hollow profile (2), the clamping surface (A) is adapted to the geometry of the inner wall of the hollow profile (2), and the size of the clamping surface (A) is at least 40 % of the surface that is the product of the internal periphery of the hollow profile (2) at the clamping point and the length (L) of the fastening element (6).
The invention relates to an FBG strain sensor for measuring strains to curved surfaces, the fibre (4) being fixed between two securing elements (5a, 5b) whose undersides are designed as adhesive surfaces, the optical fibre (4) and these securing elements (5a, 5b) being embedded in a protective compound (6) which consists of a soft silicone rubber or a plastic that has comparable mechanical properties, and the fibre (4) being embedded between an upper and a lower thin sliding film (7, 8) or a sliding tube (9) that consists of Teflon or of a plastic which has a low friction coefficient comparable to Teflon, the underside of said lower sliding film (7) or the lower external surface-line of the sliding tube (9) lying in a plane with the adhesive surfaces of the securing elements (5a, 5b).
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
The invention relates to an optical strain gauge using a glass fiber (1) comprising a Bragg grating (2). The glass fiber is coated with a sheath (3) of polyether ether ketone with an admixture of at least 10 weight percent and a maximum of 40 weight percent of an inorganic filler, with a particle size of between 0.08 μm and 12 μm. The outer diameter of the sheath (3) is between 0.2 mm and 1.2 mm. The ratio D/d between the outer diameter D of the sheath (3) and the diameter d of the glass fiber (1) is between 2 and 6. A pressure of the sheath (3) on the glass fiber (1) is such that essentially no relative movement can occur between the glass fiber (1) and the sheath (3).
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G02B 6/00 - OPTIQUE ÉLÉMENTS, SYSTÈMES OU APPAREILS OPTIQUES - Détails de structure de dispositions comprenant des guides de lumière et d'autres éléments optiques, p.ex. des moyens de couplage
29.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING AND ASSESSING DIFFERENT PHYSICAL VARIABLES
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for measuring and assessing a measurement characteristic (8), in which at least one measuring instrument or a sensor (3, 4) are used to sense a series of physical variables which an evaluation apparatus (1) converts into electrical signals and stores. For the purpose of evaluation, the measurement characteristic (8) is subjected to an assessment using prescribable assessment criteria in the evaluation apparatus. The invention is characterized in that the assessment is determined at least by an assessment tool in the form of an assessment dumbbell (9, 9.1 to 9.6). In this case, the assessment dumbbell (9, 9.1 to 9.6) represents a defined linear assessment path (10) with a prescribable starting point (11) and a prescribable ending point (12) within the coordinate system (7) in a prescribed range of measured values for the measurement characteristic (8).
G01D 1/18 - Dispositions pour la mesure donnant des résultats autres que la valeur instantanée d'une variable, d'application générale avec dispositions pour signaler le dépassement d'une valeur prédéterminée d'un paramètre non spécifié
G01D 3/08 - Dispositions pour la mesure prévues pour les objets particuliers indiqués dans les sous-groupes du présent groupe avec dispositions pour protéger l'appareil, p.ex. contre les fonctionnements anormaux, contre les pannes
The invention relates to a circuit for protecting an electronic functional unit (IC3) connected to a data line (Ltg. 1) against positive and negative overvoltages. The circuit has an analog switch (IC2) arranged in the data line (Ltg. 1) before the electronic functional unit (IC3). The circuit also comprises a voltage monitor, which is designed to control the analog switch (IC2), wherein the voltage monitor is designed to close the analog switch (IC2) if no overvoltage occurs and to open the analog switch (IC2) if an overvoltage occurs. The circuit also functions in an energy-saving mode and/or if no supply voltage is applied. A low resistance and a bidirectionality of the data line (Ltg. 1) are maintained.
H02H 3/20 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour déconnexion automatique due directement à un changement indésirable des conditions électriques normales de travail avec ou sans reconnexion sensibles à un excès de tension
H02H 9/04 - Circuits de protection de sécurité pour limiter l'excès de courant ou de tension sans déconnexion sensibles à un excès de tension
The invention relates to a weighing cell, preferably for an aseptic platform scale, which is rod-shaped and contains a force introduction element (1) and a force output element (2) and a force measuring element disposed axial therebetween. The force measuring element has a flexing beam (3), of which the internal measuring spring components (12) having the strain gauges applied thereto are hermetically sealed by welded metal parts (4, 5, 6). To this end the force introduction element (1), the force measuring element (3) and the force output element (2) are designed to be rounded and substantially rotationally symmetrical along a longitudinal axis (9), wherein the force measuring element comprises a flexurally rigid tube sleeve (4) having the flexing beam (3) disposed therein. For this purpose the ends of the flexing beam (3) are connected to flexurally soft ring elements (5, 6) which are oriented transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis (9) and at the radial edge region are welded to the tube sleeve (4). The invention is characterised in that an overload protection (15) is integrated into the flexing beam (3) and/or at least the end face (17) of the force introduction element (1) has an O ring seal (32, 33) and a centring means (35, 36).
G01G 3/12 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée
G01G 21/30 - Moyens pour empêcher la contamination par la poussière
G01G 23/00 - Dispositifs accessoires pour appareils de pesée
32.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE AUTONOMOUS CALIBRATION OF EXTENSION OR FORCE SENSORS
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for autonomously calibrating extension (1) or force sensors comprising a strain gauge circuit (11) for converting a mechanical load into an electric output signal. In order to calibrate the sensor (1), a defined initial value is assigned in an evaluation circuit (13) in a first or unloaded operating state while a defined final value is assigned in the evaluation circuit (13) in a loaded operating state. In the operating state, the evaluation circuit (13) calculates corresponding displayable measured output values from the assigned initial and final values using a linear function. The invention is characterized in that the calibration is done autonomously in the permanently mounted operational sensor (1) by means of an evaluation circuit (13) that is integrated into the sensor (1). The initial value is stored in the evaluation circuit (13) using a controlled first switch signal, while the final value is stored in the evaluation circuit (13) using a controlled second switch signal, and the calibrated measured output values are calculated from said initial and final values according to the subsequent loads.
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
G01L 25/00 - Test ou étalonnage des appareils pour la mesure des forces, du couple, du travail, de la puissance ou du rendement mécanique
33.
OPTICAL MEASURING METHOD HAVING SCATTERED-LIGHT ELIMINATION AND DEVICE THEREFOR
The invention relates to a measuring method, wherein light having predetermined properties is fed to a sensor by means of a light guide. Under the influence of a measured variable, the light is changed in regard to predetermined properties and fed back in the light guide. The light is evaluated by means of a measuring apparatus provided therefor. The method comprises the following steps: - emitting a light signal from the first end along the optical waveguide (1a), wherein the light signal propagates up to the second end of the optical waveguide (1a), at which the optical sensor (2) is provided, - coupling out the light signal reflected by the sensor (2) into a second light guide (1b) by means of a coupling-out device (5), - coupling the reflected light into a measuring and evaluating device, and - evaluating the light in regard to the measured variable, wherein - the light is coupled out into the second optical waveguide at the measurement location. The invention further relates to a device for implementing the method.
G01M 11/00 - Test des appareils optiques; Test des structures ou des ouvrages par des méthodes optiques, non prévu ailleurs
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
H04B 10/08 - Equipement de surveillance, d'essai ou de mesure des défauts
34.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE SPATIALLY-RESOLVED RECORDING OF GROUND MOTION
The invention relates to a device and a method for the spatially resolved recording of ground motion. The device comprises a free-flowing, self-compacting fill (2) placed in at least one bore hole or trench (1), with a light guide bundle (3) embedded in the fill and containing at least one primary optical fiber (4) to form a fiber optic length sensor and/or at least a second optical fiber (5) with a fiber Bragg grating (6) to form a fiber optic sensor cable (7) for the spatially resolved measurement of expansion and shear. The method entails sinking at least one bore hole or excavating a trench (1) in an area of the ground, introducing a light guide bundle (3) with at least one fiber optic length sensor and/or at least one fiber optic expansion- and shear-sensing assembly formed from a cable with at least one fiber Bragg grating (6), introducing protection against overexpansion, by filling the bore hole or trench with a free-flowing and self-compacting fill and by optically measuring of any change in length in the fiber optic length sensor and/or by carrying out an optical measurement of expansion and shear on the expansion- and shear-sensing assembly.
E02D 17/00 - Excavations; Aménagement des bords des excavations; Construction de digues ou de terre-pleins
E21B 47/022 - Détermination de l'inclinaison ou de la direction du trou de forage, p.ex. à l'aide de géomagnétisme
E21B 47/12 - Moyens pour la transmission de signaux de mesure ou signaux de commande du puits vers la surface, ou de la surface vers le puits, p.ex. pour la diagraphie pendant le forage
G01B 7/26 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques électriques ou magnétiques pour mesurer une profondeur
G01D 5/26 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G02B 6/50 - Installation souterraine ou sous l'eau; Installation à travers des tubes, des conduits ou des canalisations
E21B 47/04 - Mesure de la profondeur ou du niveau du liquide
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
The invention relates to an optical strain gauge (1) using a glass fibre as a strain sensor. The strain gauge comprises a glass fibre comprising a sheath. The sheath has the following composition: a mixture of polyether ether ketone and an admixture of at least 10 weight percent and a maximum of 40 weight percent of an inorganic filler, with a particle size of between 0.08 μm and 12 μm. The outer diameter of the sheath is between 0.2 mm and 1.2 mm. The ratio D/d between the outer diameter D of the sheath and the diameter d of the glass fibre is between 2 and 6. A pressure of the sheath on the glass fibre is such that essentially no relative movement can occur between the glass fibre and the sheath.
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
36.
OPTICAL STRAIN GAUGE COMPRISING A FIBRE BRAGG GRATING
The invention relates to an optical strain gauge using a glass fibre (1) comprising a Bragg grating (2). The glass fibre is coated with a sheath (3) consisting of polyether ether ketone with an admixture of at least 10 weight percent and a maximum of 40 weight percent of an inorganic filler, with a particle size of between 0.08 μm and 12 μm. The outer diameter of the sheath (3) is between 0.2 mm and 1.2 mm. The ratio D/d between the outer diameter D of the sheath (3) and the diameter d of the glass fibre (1) is between 2 and 6. A pressure of the sheath (3) on the glass fibre (1)is such that essentially no relative movement can occur between the glass fibre (1) and the sheath (3).
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G02B 1/04 - OPTIQUE ÉLÉMENTS, SYSTÈMES OU APPAREILS OPTIQUES Éléments optiques caractérisés par la substance dont ils sont faits; Revêtements optiques pour éléments optiques faits de substances organiques, p.ex. plastiques
G02B 6/44 - Structures mécaniques pour assurer la résistance à la traction et la protection externe des fibres, p.ex. câbles de transmission optique
The invention relates to a solid core optic fiber (1) as used in optical fiber technology to transfer optical signals, but also to transmit light for illuminating purposes. The solid core optic fiber (1) comprises a glass fiber (2) with a coating (3). The coating (3) comprises the following composition: a mixture of polyetheretherketone and an inorganic filler material in an admixture of at least 10 and a maximum of 40 wt. % having a particle size of 0.08 μm to 12 μm. The outer diameter of the coating (3) is 0.2 mm to 1.2 mm. The ratio D/d between the outer diameter D of the coating (3) and the diameter d of the glass fiber (2) is 2 to 6. A pressure of the coating (3) on the glass fiber (2) is such that essentially no relative motion can occur between the glass fiber (2) and the coating (3).
The invention relates to a torque sensor which consists of two disc-shaped fastening flanges (1, 2) which are opposite and parallel to one another and are connected to one another by means of a radially inner torque transmission element (3). In this case, one fastening flange (2) is designed as a measuring flange which has, between the outer fastening annular surface (10) thereof and the torque transmission element (3), in a coaxially circumferential region, a plurality of recesses (5, 5'), to the outer surfaces (19) or bases (15) of which shear force sensors (20) are applied. The invention is characterized in that the recesses (5, 5') are formed by at least three measuring pockets which are separated from one another by means of at least three radial stiffening webs (6). In this case, the measuring flange (2), in the radially inner region thereof with respect to the radially outer fastening annular surface (10), is in the form of a circumferential closed surface to which the measurement electronics are fastened, which electronics are hermetically sealed with a cover.
The invention relates to an apparatus for filling containers, especially bottles (3), according to weight, said containers having a tubular neck section (7). The apparatus comprises a filling port (8), a weighing device (5), and a holding element (6) for retaining the container (3) below the filling port (8). The weighing device (5) includes a force transducing element (14), a force introducing element (15), and a deformable member (17, 18) which is arranged therebetween and is provided with strain gauges (24) that are applied to the deformable member (17, 18). The force transducing element (14) is mounted on a machine frame (2), while the holding element (6) is mounted on the force introducing element (15). The invention is characterized in that the force transducing element (14) is designed as an external ring element (14), while the force introducing element (15) is designed as a coaxial internal ring element (15). At least one radial resilient connecting web (17, 18) is arranged between the rings (14, 15) as the deformable member. The holding element (6) is mounted on the internal ring element (15) below the same.
B67C 3/20 - Mise en bouteilles de liquides ou de semi-liquides; Remplissage des bocaux ou bidons avec des liquides ou semi-liquides en utilisant des appareils de mise en bouteilles ou des appareils analogues permettant la mesure des liquides à introduire, p.ex. quand on ajoute des sirops
B67C 3/24 - Dispositifs pour supporter ou tenir les bouteilles
G01G 3/14 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée utilisant la mesure des variations de la résistance électrique
G01G 17/04 - Appareils ou méthodes pour peser un produit ayant une forme ou des propriétés particulières pour peser des fluides, p.ex. des gaz, des produits pâteux
G01G 19/18 - Appareils ou méthodes de pesée adaptés à des fins particulières non prévues dans les groupes pour peser des charges suspendues ayant des dispositifs électriques sensibles au poids
The invention relates to a pedestal for load cells (5) comprising a force transfer screw (1) and a base plate (2), wherein the force transfer screw (1) is joined to the load cell (5) by means of an upper hinge (3) and to the base plate (2) by means of a lower hinge (4). The invention is characterized in that the upper hinge (3) is made of a bearing sleeve (6) inserted in the load cell (5) having an inner bearing cup (7) in which the force transfer screw (1) is supported at the upper spherical force input surface (8) thereof. The lower hinge (4) is made of a planar hole (9) made in the base plate (2), in which the force transfer screw (1) is supported by the convex force receiving surface (10) thereof. The radius of the convex force transfer surface (10) thereby corresponds approximately to the length of the force transfer screw (1) while the radius of the spherical force input surface (8) is a fraction, and maximally one-fifth, of the radius of the force transfer surface (10).
The invention relates to a load cell, preferably for an aseptic platform scale, designed as a bar and made of a force application element (1) and a force output element (2) and a force gage disposed axially between said elements. The force gage comprises a beam (3), the interior measuring spring components (12) thereof being hermetically sealed to the strain gages applied thereto by means of welded metal components (4, 5, 6), the force F to be measured acting thereon transverse to the longitudinal axis (9). The invention is characterized in that the force application element (1), the force gage (3), and the force output element (2) are designed largely rotationally symmetrically and rounded off along a longitudinal axis (9), and that the force gage is made of a flexurally rigid pipe sleeve (4) having the beam (3) disposed therein. The ends of the beam (3) are thereby connected to ring elements (5, 6) aligned transverse to the longitudinal axis (9), said ring elements being welded at the radial edge regions thereof to the pipe sleeve (4). The ring elements (5, 6) thereby comprise concentrically circumferential flexurally soft membranes (7, 8) connecting the pipe sleeve (4) to the beam (3) and to the force application element (1) and to the force output element (2) without secondary force connections.
G01G 3/12 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée
G01G 21/30 - Moyens pour empêcher la contamination par la poussière
An optical extension sensor (1) contains a level planar carrier layer (8) on or in which at least one optical waveguide (6, 7) is arranged in a force-fitting manner, said optical waveguide having at least one section with a Bragg grating (2, 3) for detecting the extension, wherein a first optical waveguide has an index of refraction and the Bragg grating (2, 3) has a particular grating constant. At least one further, second optical waveguide (7) or optical waveguide section (7) with a Bragg grating (3), which is arranged in a parallel manner, is also provided on or in the carrier layer (8). This second optical waveguide (7) is thermomechanically coupled to at least the first optical waveguide (6) or the first optical waveguide section and has a different temperature coefficient of the index of refraction to the first optical waveguide (6). The temperature-independent extension of the deformation body can be determined by measuring the two reflected wavelengths and by means of the refraction with a linear system of equations.
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
G01K 11/32 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques
G01D 5/353 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette avec atténuation ou obturation complète ou partielle des rayons lumineux les rayons lumineux étant détectés par des cellules photo-électriques en modifiant les caractéristiques de transmission d'une fibre optique
43.
STRAIN GAUGE ROSETTE FOR INTERNAL STRESS MEASUREMENT
The invention relates to a strain gauge rosette for internal stress measurement on workpieces according to the bore hole method, comprising within an angular region of 0 - < 180° at least three measurement grids 3, 4, 5 at equal distances and in different directions radially about a centering mark 2. The invention is characterized in that each of the at least three measurement grids 3, 4, 5 is associated with an equivalent measurement grid 6, 7, 8 that is disposed opposite and aligned in the same direction. To this end, all measurement grids 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 16, 17 have the same radial distance to the central marking 2. The opposing measurement grid pairs 3, 8; 4, 7; 5, 6; 16, 17 of a tensile direction are connected or coupled to each other such that the measuring signals thereof are averaged.
G01L 5/00 - Appareils ou procédés pour la mesure des forces, du travail, de la puissance mécanique ou du couple, spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
The invention relates to a strain gauge, comprising at least one optical waveguide (5) fastened to a thin support (1). The optical waveguide (5) has at least one section (10) with a fiber Bragg grating (6), which serves the detection of strain. The invention is characterized in that the optical waveguide (5) outside of the fiber Bragg grating section (10) is covered on both sides of said section by two fastening elements (3, 4). In this way, the optical waveguide (5) outside of the fiber Bragg grating section (10) is fastened to the support (1) with force fit. Between the two lateral fastening elements (3, 4), a relatively soft elastic fixing element (2) is fastened around the optical waveguide (2), the element fixing at least the fiber Bragg grating section (10) with positive fit to the support (1).
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
The invention relates to a device for detecting vibrations or bending of a rotor blade (1) of a wind power plant. Said device comprises a deflection mechanism (4) that is provided with a linear element (9). The linear element (9) is arranged parallel to the internal wall of the aerodynamic rotor shell (2) in the longitudinal direction (Z) of the blade and is mounted on the internal wall of the rotor shell (2) at a fastening point (16) located at a distance from the root region. At the other end, the linear element (9) is connected to a sensor unit (5) which detects the lateral deflection of the linear element (9) and emits a signal indicating excessive bending of the rotor shell (2) or evaluates further at least when the rotor shell (2) is bent beyond a predefined measure. The invention is characterized in that the linear element (9) is embodied as a linear thread (9) that is mounted between the sensor unit (5) and the fastening point (16). Furthermore, the sensor unit (5) is attached at a non-bendable reference point (17) outside the aerodynamic rotor shell (2).
The invention relates to a strain gauge for a measurement variable sensor, comprising a meandering measurement grid (1) that is arranged on a film-type carrier layer. Said measurement grid (1) comprises measurement grid struts (5) on whose end areas, return points (4) comprising a transversal strut (6) are arranged for connection to the adjacent measurement grid strut (5) which runs in parallel. Said invention is characterised in that each return point (4) consists of a narrow transversal strut (6) and two longitudinal struts (7) as an extension of the measurement grid struts (5). The narrow transversal strut (6) is arranged on the end point of the measurement grid struts (5) and on the initial point of the longitudinal strut (7). The longitudinal struts (7) are open towards the exterior.
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
47.
STRAIN GAUGE AND MEASUREMENT VARIABLE SENSOR HAVING AT LEAST ONE STRAIN GAUGE
A strain gauge having a measurement grid that is arranged on a carrier layer is intended to be developed in such a manner that it has a high level of measurement accuracy and, in particular, high linearity and optimum creep properties. This is achieved by virtue of the fact that the carrier layer is formed by a plastic film which is preferably made of polyetheretherketone, and the plastic film is provided with a filler comprising talc or boron nitride or aluminium oxide or other inorganic materials which reduce the thermal expansion of the carrier layer.
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
The invention relates to an optical spectrometer (2) for evaluating light wave signals, in particular from optical measuring sensors (3). The optical spectrometer (2) comprises a row (10) of photo diodes that acts as an optoelectric transducer and contains at least two separate transducer regions (D11, D12). At least two optical filters (F11, F12) with different regions of permeability and an evaluation circuit (11), situated downstream of said filters, are provided on the row of photo diodes. The invention is characterised in that the two optical filters (F11, F12) have intersecting regions of permeability, the characteristic curves (20, 21) of the optical filters (F11, F12) having different linear gradients. The evaluation circuit (11) calculates the differential (ﶴ1) between the permeated light intensity and the electric variables that have been converted from the latter, said differential being proportional to the recorded wavelength (阳Meas) or a physical variable contained in said wavelength.
A strain gauge having a measurement grid that is arranged on a carrier layer is intended to be developed in such a manner that the influence of moisture has a high degree of measurement accuracy, in particular a high degree of linearity and an optional creep behaviour. This is achieved by virtue of the carrier layer (2) being formed from a metal film comprising, for example, aluminium, copper, titanium or alloys, for example steel, constantan, chromium/nickel alloys.
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
The invention relates to an optical strain gauge strip (1) for multi-axis strain measurement, comprising at least two straight optical fibre sections (2, 3, 4) with Bragg gratings (5), arranged adjacent to each other at a given angle (19) of 90° or 45° on a support layer (6) and supplied with light waves from a common injection optical fibre section (7). The invention is characterised in that all optical fibre sections (2, 3, 4, 7) are preferably provided on the support layer (6) in straight lines and a beam dispersion element (8) is arranged between the injecting optical fibre section (7) and the measuring optical fibre sections (2, 3, 4) with the Bragg grating (5).
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
The invention relates to an optical strain gauge strip (D), made from a planar support layer (6) preferably of plastic and a cover layer (19) between which an optical fibre (2, 3, 4) has a frictional fit. The optical fibre (2, 3, 4) comprises at least one section (L) with a Bragg grating (5) for recording the strain on a deformable body or a different component region. The invention is characterised in that the optical fibre (2, 3, 4) is let into at least one guide channel (7, 8, 9) in the support film forming the support layer (6). Said guide channel (7,8, 9) with the optical fibre (2, 3, 4) and the Bragg grating (5) embossed therein is sealed with a covering film as outer layer (19), made from the same material as the support layer (6).
G01L 1/24 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en mesurant les variations des propriétés optiques du matériau quand il est soumis à une contrainte, p.ex. par l'analyse des contraintes par photo-élasticité
52.
METHOD FOR EVALUATING MEASURED VALUES FOR IDENTIFYING A MATERIAL FATIGUE
The invention relates to a method for evaluating measured values for identifying defects due to material fatigue on aircraft parts during which extension sensors (6) are placed at critical locations of an aircraft (1) or on parts thereof. The measured values of these sensors are, at different loading states, recorded, amplified and stored by a number of measuring circuits, and based on these measured values, an evaluation device (9) derives, signals or indicates a material fatigue by comparing actual measured values with previous measured values. The evaluation method is characterized in that the critical aircraft parts (1) are subjected to a multitude of predetermined loading states by a multitude of loading elements (3), and that the extension caused thereby is detected by a multitude of measuring circuits, and the evaluation device (9) forms, for at least each loading state and each measuring circuit, an associated reference value and a permissible limit value range, which is subsequently associated with the actual measured values so that the exceeding of the limit value range depicts an appearance of material fatigue.
G01M 5/00 - Examen de l'élasticité des structures ou ouvrages, p.ex. fléchissement de ponts ou d'ailes d'avions
G01L 5/00 - Appareils ou procédés pour la mesure des forces, du travail, de la puissance mécanique ou du couple, spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
G01N 3/36 - Recherche des propriétés mécaniques des matériaux solides par application d'une contrainte mécanique en appliquant des efforts répétés ou pulsatoires engendrés par des moyens pneumatiques ou hydrauliques
The invention relates to a measuring sensor comprising a deformation body (7) to which at least one strain gauge (2) is applied. Said strain gauge (2) is hermetically sealed from outside environmental influences by means of at least one thin deep-drawn metallic sheet metal part (4). Said hermetically sealing sheet metal part (4) is preferably embodied in the form of a bowl and consists of a high-strength, hardenable, anti-corrosion maraging spring steel containing 7.8 wt. % nickel, 13 wt. % chromium, 1 wt. % molybdenum, 0.2 wt. % silicon, 0.3 wt. % manganese, 0.25 wt. % beryllium, and 0.2 wt. % titanium, the remainder being iron, said steel surprisingly having only low hysteresis and creep characteristics which are at least as good as those of the stainless martensite spring steel of the deformation body (7). The good welding capacity between the maraging sheet metal part (4) and the martensite deformation body (7) is surprisingly beneficial for the hermetic sealing of the sensitive strain gauge (2), causing neither a significant force shunt nor a deterioration of the physical measuring characteristics.
G01L 1/22 - Mesure des forces ou des contraintes, en général en faisant usage des cellules électrocinétiques, c. à d. des cellules contenant un liquide, dans lesquelles un potentiel électrique est produit ou modifié par l'application d'une contrainte en utilisant des jauges de contrainte à résistance
G01G 3/14 - Appareils de pesée caractérisés par l'utilisation d'organes déformables par élasticité, p.ex. balances à ressort dans lesquels l'élément de pesée est constitué par un corps solide soumis à une pression ou une traction pendant la pesée utilisant la mesure des variations de la résistance électrique
C22C 38/50 - Alliages ferreux, p.ex. aciers alliés contenant du chrome et du nickel et du titane ou du zirconium
The invention relates to an overload protection for a force measuring element (1) provided in the form of a cantilever beam with a measuring transducer. This force measuring element (1) contains a limiting element (9), which is joined in a fixed manner to the clamping end or to the force receiving part (8) and extends up to the moving part (7) of the force measuring element (1) and is separated therefrom by a gap (18, 19). The deflection of the moving part (7) of the force measuring element (1) is limited by the gap (18, 19). The invention is characterized in that the limiting element is provided in the form of an overload beam (9) that is separated from the moving part (7) of the force measuring element (1) by at least one recess part (15, 16) extending perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam. This recess part is formed of at least one borehole (15, 16) or one rectangular or quadratic slot that, with one part, extends in the moving part (7) and, with the other part, extends in the overload beam (9). Alignment pins (4, 5) are fixed inside the borehole (15, 16) or inside the rectangular or quadratic slots whereby leaving a defined gap (18, 19) between the overload beam (9) and the moving part (7).
brevets
