A method for inhibiting melanoidin formation in a yeast propagation process, the method provides for adding a treatment composition to a molasses substance present in a yeast propagation process, wherein the treatment composition comprises a lecithin. A composition for a yeast propagation process, the composition having a lecithin, and a molasses substance.
An underdrain system for a media pressure vessel has a set of removable pipe sections located between an external header and the bottom of a vessel. Septa extend upwards from the removable pipe sections into the vessel by up to 16 inches. The septa may have diameters of 6 inches or more. The header is attached to the bottoms of the removable pipe sections. Each pipe section, and its associated septum, may be removed individually. To clean the vessel, after media is removed from the vessel the pipe sections are removed sequentially while the header remains otherwise attached to the vessel. While a pipe section is removed, its associated septum is removed so that solids can be removed from the annulus between the septum and the vessel. In this way, media can be cleaned from the annuli without moving the external header or entering the vessel.
B08B 9/093 - Nettoyage de récipients, p.ex. de réservoirs par la force de jets ou de pulvérisations
B01J 8/02 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solides; Appareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules immobiles, p.ex. dans des lits fixes
B08B 9/02 - Nettoyage de conduites ou de tubes ou des systèmes de conduites ou de tubes
B08B 9/08 - Nettoyage de récipients, p.ex. de réservoirs
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
C02F 1/28 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par absorption ou adsorption
B01D 24/14 - Filtration vers le bas, le récipient comportant des tuyaux collecteurs ou distributeurs ou des tuyaux perméables
3.
UNDERDRAIN FOR MEDIA VESSEL AND METHOD OF CLEANING
An underdrain system for a media pressure vessel has a set of removable pipe sections located between an external header and the bottom of a vessel. Septa extend upwards from the removable pipe sections into the vessel. The header is attached to the bottoms of the removable pipe sections. Each pipe section, and its associated septum, may be removed individually. To clean the vessel, after media is removed from the vessel the pipe sections are removed sequentially while the header remains otherwise attached to the vessel. While a pipe section is removed, its associated septum is removed so that solids can be removed from the annulus between the septum and the vessel. In this way, media can be cleaned from the annuli without moving the external header or entering the vessel.
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
B01J 8/02 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solides; Appareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules immobiles, p.ex. dans des lits fixes
B08B 9/02 - Nettoyage de conduites ou de tubes ou des systèmes de conduites ou de tubes
B08B 9/08 - Nettoyage de récipients, p.ex. de réservoirs
C02F 1/28 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par absorption ou adsorption
B01D 24/14 - Filtration vers le bas, le récipient comportant des tuyaux collecteurs ou distributeurs ou des tuyaux perméables
4.
CLEANING MECHANISM AND UNDERDRAIN FOR MEDIA VESSEL AND METHOD OF CLEANING
An underdrain system for a media pressure vessel has a set of removable pipe sections located between an external header and the bottom of a vessel. Septa extend upwards from the removable pipe sections into the vessel. The header is attached to the bottoms of the removable pipe sections. To clean the vessel, the pipe sections are removed. While a pipe section is removed, its associated septum is removed so that solids can be removed from the annulus between the septum and the vessel. In this way, media can be cleaned from the annuli without moving the external header or entering the vessel. A cleaning mechanism includes an elongated member with a spray nozzle that may be moved within the vessel. The cleaning mechanism may be used to removed media adhered to the walls of the vessel, for example while the septa are removed.
B08B 9/093 - Nettoyage de récipients, p.ex. de réservoirs par la force de jets ou de pulvérisations
B01J 8/02 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solides; Appareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules immobiles, p.ex. dans des lits fixes
B08B 9/02 - Nettoyage de conduites ou de tubes ou des systèmes de conduites ou de tubes
B08B 9/08 - Nettoyage de récipients, p.ex. de réservoirs
C02F 1/00 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
C02F 1/28 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par absorption ou adsorption
B01D 24/14 - Filtration vers le bas, le récipient comportant des tuyaux collecteurs ou distributeurs ou des tuyaux perméables
5.
METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR TREATING DILUTION STEAM GENERATOR SYSTEMS
A treatment composition having anti-foulant and anti-corrosion properties is provided. The composition having a fatty amine and a diacid, where the diacid is a succinic acid or a linear saturated dicarboxylic acid having the formula: HO2C(CH2)nCO2H where n is a positive integer of at least 6. A method for treating dilution steam generator system is also provided.
C02F 5/12 - Traitement de l'eau avec des produits chimiques complexants ou des agents solubilisants pour l'adoucissement, la prévention ou l'élimination de l'entartrage, p.ex. par addition d'agents séquestrants en utilisant des substances organiques contenant de l'azote
C23F 11/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans l'air ou les gaz par addition d'inhibiteurs en phase vapeur
C23F 11/10 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans d'autres liquides au moyen d'inhibiteurs organiques
C23F 14/02 - Prévention de l'entartrage ou des incrustations dans les appareils destinés à chauffer des liquides à des fins physiques ou chimiques par des moyens chimiques
C23G 1/18 - Nettoyage ou décapage de matériaux métalliques au moyen de solutions ou de sels fondus avec des solutions alcalines avec emploi d'inhibiteurs d'inhibiteurs organiques
C23G 1/26 - Nettoyage ou décapage de matériaux métalliques au moyen de solutions ou de sels fondus avec des solutions neutres avec emploi d'inhibiteurs
A multistage nanofiltration (NF) system for filtering a solute from a feed solution where a downstream NF stage is more permissive to the solute than an upstream NF stage. In some examples, the nanofiltration system includes a plurality of nanofiltration stages in series, where each nanofiltration stage is more permissive to the solute than the nanofiltration stage that is immediately upstream.
A water treatment system has an ozonation unit (12), a biological sensor (16) and optionally a biological treatment unit (14). The biological sensor (16) measures the biodegradability of organic contaminants after ozonation. The biological sensor (16) may be a bio-electrochemical sensor that produces an electrical signal related to the metabolic activity of bacteria on an electrode of the sensor. The biological sensor (16) may be connected to a controller (18) adapted to adjust one or more operating parameters of the ozonation unit (12) or the biological treatment unit (16) or both. A method of treating water, and a method of controlling a water treatment process, using a biological sensor to measure the biodegradability of water are further described. The measurement may be used to adjust an upstream ozonation process or a downstream biological treatment process. The systems and methods may be used to remove refractory organic compounds or organic micro-pollutants from secondary or tertiary effluent from a municipal or industrial wastewater plant.
Provided herein are methods for real-time monitoring of one or more industrial fluids for ionic species that involve analyzing a sample of the one or more industrial fluids using a system including a capillary electrophoresis device and a processor; detecting, by way of a detector, one or more ionic species in the sample; and generating, in real-time, by way of the processor, an ionic species data profile for the sample.
An immersed membrane cassette has a high tank intensity achieved by one or more of: reduced module to module gap; using structural hollow tubing in at least parts of a frame in place of separate permeate and/or air pipes; and, using vertical permeate port connections. The cassette has a tank intensity over 650 m2/m2. The cassette may be combined with a fine screen. This specification also describes an immersed membrane module having a permeate port and/or connector on the top of a header. The permeate connection between the module and a permeate collection tube may be vertical, i.e. perpendicular to the length of the header. A piston seal may be used between the permeate port of the header and the permeate collection tube. The permeate collection tube may be a a horizontal structural member on the periphery of a frame that holds the module.
A functionalized polymeric composition having a backbone, and at least one compound having at least one thiol-functional group or at least one amino-functional group. A method of preparing a functionalized polymeric composition, the method (i) providing a backbone; and (ii) reacting the backbone with an amino-thiol compound to obtain a functionalized polymeric composition. A method for removing metals from an aqueous stream, the method (i) providing a functionalized polymeric composition; (ii) adding the functionalized polymeric composition to an aqueous stream comprising a plurality of metal contaminants; (iii) allowing the polymeric composition to react with the metal contaminants to form an insoluble complex; and (iv) allowing the insoluble complex to settle out of solution or remove the insoluble complex through filtration.
A by-pass control sleeve has circumferential protrusions along its outer surface. The protrusions of the by-pass control sleeve may be distributed along the length of the sleeve with constant diameter sections of the sleeve therebetween. The protrusions may be asymmetrical and/or may have a steep and/or concave curved forward face. A method of making a by-pass control sleeve comprises molding the protrusions on an outer surface of the sleeve. A method of installing the by-pass control sleeve comprises sliding the sleeve onto an end of a spiral wound membrane element. A combination of the by-pass control sleeve fixed to the spiral wound membrane element may be installed in a pressure housing.
A method of minimizing popcorn polymer seed formation, the method adding a treatment composition to a monomer containing system. A method for inhibiting popcorn polymer growth, the method adding a treatment composition to a monomer containing system, wherein the treatment composition comprises a quinone methide, a quinone methide derivative, or a quinone methide analogue based compound, and wherein the system comprises popcorn seed or polymer.
Various implementations include a reversible flow sampler including a housing, a housing cover, and a shuttle. The housing defines a sampler chamber with an inlet and an outlet, a first opening, and a second opening. The shuttle is movably disposed within the housing and coupled to the housing cover. The shuttle has a first shuttle position and a second shuttle position. In the first shuttle position, the shuttle fluidly connects the first opening with the sample chamber inlet and fluidly connects the second opening with the sample chamber outlet. In the second shuttle position, the shuttle fluidly connects the second opening with the sample chamber inlet and fluidly connects the first opening with the sample chamber outlet.
Various implementations include a system and methods for capture and transfer of a liquid sample from a process to a sample analysis device. In particular, a sample of fluid can be contained in a non-pressurized line (302) and first and second air-operated valves (DV1, DV2)may prevent the fluid from flowing through the line. A third air-operated valve (DV3) may be positioned on a stub-out (304) of the non-pressurized line between the first and second air-operated valves. A sample line (306), also configured to contain a sample of the fluid, can extend between the third air-operated valve and a sample analysis device (206) to transfer the sample of fluid to the sample analysis device. A first pneumatic valve (PV1) can control air flow to the first and second air-operated valves; a second pneumatic valve (PV2) can control air flow to the third air-operated valve; and a third pneumatic valve (PV3) can control low-pressure air injected into the sample line.
A wireless gateway is provided that is adapted to receive output data from a variety of connected devices such as pumps from a variety of different manufacturers. The gateway connects to each pump associated with an end user using a wired or wireless connection. The gateway receives output data from a pump in a first format that is specific to the type of pump or the manufacturer of the pump. The gateway then converts the output data into a second format based on knowledge about the type or manufacturer of the pump. The gateway then provides output data in the second format to a platform accessible by a service provider and the end user. The output data may be provided through a wired or wireless connection (e.g., cellular connection) between the gateway and a cloud-based platform used by the end user.
H04L 67/10 - Protocoles dans lesquels une application est distribuée parmi les nœuds du réseau
H04L 67/12 - Protocoles spécialement adaptés aux environnements propriétaires ou de mise en réseau pour un usage spécial, p.ex. les réseaux médicaux, les réseaux de capteurs, les réseaux dans les véhicules ou les réseaux de mesure à distance
H04L 67/565 - Conversion ou adaptation du format ou du contenu d'applications
16.
MONITORING AND CONTROL OF UNWANTED POLYMER BY-PRODUCT GENERATED IN MONOMERS PRODUCTION, STORAGE, AND HANDLING USING INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS
A method for monitoring and controlling unwanted polymer byproduct generated in a monomer production, storage, or handling process, for example polystyrene in a styrene production process, is described. The method comprises receiving a sample (115) taken during a monomer production process by a Fourier-Transform infrared spectrometer (120), performing an infrared spectroscopy analysis on the sample to generate spectral data (122) by the Fourier-Transform infrared spectrometer, and determining a percentage (119) of at least one polymer in the sample by mathematical correlative processing of the spectral data by a computing device (110).
G01N 21/35 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge
G01N 21/3577 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge pour l'analyse de liquides, p.ex. l'eau polluée
G01N 21/359 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en recherchant l'effet relatif du matériau pour les longueurs d'ondes caractéristiques d'éléments ou de molécules spécifiques, p.ex. spectrométrie d'absorption atomique en utilisant la lumière infrarouge en utilisant la lumière de l'infrarouge proche
17.
COMBINED TRANSFER MODULE WITH INTEGRATED CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT
A device for analyzing total organic carbon (TOC) within a fluid at a desired temperature can include one or more transfer modules, each including a first and second transfer plate. A first fluid channel is formed in the first transfer plate and a second fluid channel is formed in the second transfer plate. A CO2 permeable membrane is disposed between the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel and a temperature measurement device measures a temperature of a fluid within the first and/or second fluid channel. A temperature control system is configured to heat or cool the transfer plates. Heating or cooling the transfer plates heats or cools the fluid within the first and/or second fluid channel to the desired temperature. One or more conductivity sensors are configured to measure a conductivity of the fluid within the first and/or second fluid channel.
A composition providing a copper-carboxylic acid complex, the copper-carboxylic acid complex having a molar ratio of copper (Cu) to carboxylic acid that is between 1:0.1 and 1:1.5; and an asphalt composition. A method for scavenging hydrogen sulfide from asphalt, the method providing a composition comprising a copper-carboxylic acid complex having a molar ratio of copper (Cu) to carboxylic acid of the copper-carboxylic acid complex is between 1:0.1 and 1:1.5; and adding the composition to an asphalt composition.
C08G 79/00 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule une liaison contenant des atomes autres que le silicium, le soufre, l'azote, l'oxygène et le carbone, avec ou sans ces derniers éléments
C08L 95/00 - Compositions contenant des matières bitumeuses, p.ex. asphalte, goudron ou brai
19.
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR NITRITATION USING MEMBRANE AERATED BIOFILM REACTOR
This specification describes a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) and processes for nitritation, nitritation-denitritation or deammonification. The supply of oxygen through the gas-transfer membrane is limited to suppress the growth of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Exhaust gas from an MABR unit may have an oxygen concentration of 4% or less. The process can optionally include one or more of: intermittent (batch) feed of process air; process air modulation; process air direction reversal; process air recycle; and, process air cascade flow. The process can optionally include adding a seed sludge containing anammox to a reactor, optionally after pre-treatment and selection. The process can optionally include pre-seeding an MABR media.
Devices and methods are disclosed for determination of conductivity without inorganic carbon contribution in aqueous process streams. In particular, devices and methods for determining the ionic conductivity of aqueous process streams containing dissolved CO2.
G01N 27/06 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance en recherchant la résistance d'un liquide
Systems and methods use ion exchange to extract lithium from a lithium-containing feed solution such as a salar brine. Lithium ions are loaded into an ion exchange resin and then eluted while recharging the resin. Sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate may be used to recharge the resin but are not directly mixed with the lithium-containing feed solution. An eluate stream is produced containing lithium hydroxide or lithium bicarbonate. Lithium hydroxide can be precipitated as lithium hydroxide or in a hydrate form. Lithium bicarbonate may be converted to lithium carbonate. The system and method optionally includes processing an eluate stream to recover one or more compounds for re-use in regenerating the resin bed.
B01J 39/05 - Procédés utilisant des échangeurs organiques sous forme fortement acide
B01J 49/12 - Régénération ou réactivation des échangeurs d'ions; Appareillage à cet effet des lits fluidifiés contenant des échangeurs cationiques
B01J 49/53 - Régénération ou réactivation des échangeurs d'ions; Appareillage à cet effet caractérisés par les réactifs de régénération pour échangeurs cationiques
A method of oxygen scavenging, the method (i) providing an oxygen scavenger composition; and (ii) adding the oxygen scavenger composition to an aqueous feed and/or a hydrocarbon feed of a hydrocarbon processing system.
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
23.
CARBON MEASUREMENTS IN AQUEOUS SAMPLES USING OXIDATION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES AND PRESSURES CREATED BY RESISTIVE HEATING
Apparatus and methods for measuring the concentrations of organic and inorganic carbon, or of other materials, in aqueous samples are described, having a reactor that is resistively heated by passing an electric current through the reactor.
An antifoulant composition for a gas processing plant, the composition having a phosphonothioic ester; a non-ionic surfactant; and a film forming surfactant. A method for inhibiting fouling in a gas processing plant, the method (a) providing an antifoulant composition; and (b) adding the antifoulant composition to a hydrocarbon stream present in a gas processing plant.
C10L 10/18 - Utilisation de détergents ou de dispersants à des fins non prévues dans les groupes
C10L 3/00 - Combustibles gazeux; Gaz naturel; Gaz naturel de synthèse obtenu par des procédés non prévus dans les sous-classes , ; Gaz de pétrole liquéfié
25.
BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN READER VERIFICATION PLATES AND METHODS OF USE
Verification plates for a bacterial endotoxin reader are provided, namely a temperature verification plate (TVP) and optical verification plate (OVP). The TVP has a body configured to be placed on a spindle of said reader and rotated by said spindle. The body has a temperature verification circuit with a temperature sensor and a temperature indicator. The temperature sensor is configured to measure a temperature of the body rotated by the spindle of the reader. The temperature indicator optically represents a value of the temperature measured by the temperature sensor. The temperature indicator is readable by an optical bench of the reader. The OVP has a body with a plurality of apertures located along a periphery that line up with an optical bench of the reader. Light produced by a light source of the reader can pass through the aperture and an intensity measured by a photodetector of the reader.
G01K 13/08 - Thermomètres spécialement adaptés à des fins spécifiques pour mesurer la température de corps solides en mouvement en mouvement rotatif
G01J 5/00 - Pyrométrie des radiations, p.ex. thermométrie infrarouge ou optique
G01N 33/579 - Analyse chimique de matériau biologique, p.ex. de sang ou d'urine; Test par des méthodes faisant intervenir la formation de liaisons biospécifiques par ligands; Test immunologique faisant intervenir un lysat de limulus
G01N 35/00 - Analyse automatique non limitée à des procédés ou à des matériaux spécifiés dans un seul des groupes ; Manipulation de matériaux à cet effet
26.
BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN READER VERIFICATION PLATES AND METHODS OF USE
Verification plates for a bacterial endotoxin reader are provided, narnely a ternperature verification plate (TVP) and optical verification plate (OVP). The TVP has a body configured to be placed on a spindle of said reader and rotated by said spindle. The body has a temperature verification circuit with a temperature sensor and a ternperature indicator. The temperature sensor is configured to measure a temperature of the body rotated by the spindle of the reader. The temperature indicator optically represents a value of the ternperature measured by the temperature sensor. The temperature indicator is readable by an optical bench of the reader. The OVP has a body with a plurality of apertures located along a periphery that line up with an optical bench of the reader. L ight produced by a light source of the reader can pass through the aperture and an intensity measured by a photodetector of the reader.
27.
TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON AND CONDUCTIVITY VERIFICATION AND CALIBRATION USING A SINGLE SAMPLE
In an embodiment, a TOC analyzer is provided. The TOC analyzer includes one or more processors and a memory communicably coupled to the one or more processors. The memory stores instructions that when executed by the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to: receive a sample having a known TOC and conductivity, wherein the sample comprises an organic acid; measure a TOC of the sample; and measure a conductivity of the sample. The TOC and conductivity are measured at approximately the same time using the same sample resulting in an improvement over existing systems for TOC and conductivity verification.
A method of improving effluent brine quality, the method (i) providing a mud wash solvent comprising a hydrocarbon having a specific gravity less than that of a desalter brine to be treated; and (ii) adding the mud wash solvent to a mud wash stream of a desalter system to provide a treated effluent brine.
A method of scavenging ammonia and amines, the method having the steps of (i) providing an aldehyde-based scavenger composition; and (ii) adding the aldehyde-based scavenger composition to a hydrocarbon.
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
C10G 29/24 - Composés organiques ne renfermant pas d'atomes métalliques contenant de l'oxygène comme seul hétéro-atome aldéhydes ou cétones
Various implementations include a device for analyzing total organic carbon (TOC) within a fluid. The device includes a primary container, an input conduit, and an output conduit. The primary container is hollow and has a primary side wall and a primary end wall. The primary side wall has an inner surface defining a primary cavity and an outer surface opposite and spaced apart from the inner surface. The primary end wall includes a septum that is resiliently penetrable by an analyzer needle of a grab analysis port of a TOC analyzer. The input conduit has an input lumen. The input conduit extends through the primary container such that the input lumen is in fluid communication with the primary cavity. The output conduit has an output lumen.
A method for preparing a stable concentrated formaldehyde blend, the method providing a formaldehyde solution and a crude glycerol compound; and blending the formaldehyde solution and the crude glycerol compound to obtain a stable concentrated formaldehyde blend.
C02F 1/28 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par absorption ou adsorption
C09K 8/528 - Compositions pour éviter, limiter ou éliminer les dépôts, p.ex. pour le nettoyage les dépôts inorganiques, p.ex. sulfates ou carbonates
C09K 8/54 - Compositions pour inhiber in situ la corrosion dans les puits ou les trous de forage
C23F 11/00 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif
32.
SEAWATER TREATMENT TO OBTAIN HIGH SALINITY WATER WITH LOW HARDNESS FOR ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY
A high salinity feed water such as seawater is treated to produce a reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate and an RO permeate. Optionally, some or all of the RO concentrate may be filtered to produce a nanofiltration (NF) permeate. Optionally, some feed water can also be filtered to produce NF permeate without first being concentrated by RO treatment. The NF permeate, or a blend of the RO permeate and NF permeate, may be used to produce a product water for injection into an oil-bearing reservoir to enhance oil recovery. Optionally, the product water may have salinity greater than the feedwater, or at least 30 g/L. The product water may have hardness of less than 20 mg/L.
A dust suppressant composition providing at least one water soluble plant- derived substance, and at least one synthetic polymeric resin. A method for dust suppression providing a dust suppressant composition, the composition having at least one water soluble plant-derived substance and at least one synthetic polymeric resin, and applying the dust suppressant composition to a plurality of exposed surfaces of bulk or granular materials.
C05G 3/20 - Mélanges d'un ou plusieurs engrais avec des additifs n'ayant pas une activité spécifique d'engrais pour éviter que les engrais soient réduits en poudre; Additifs anti-poussière
C05G 5/30 - Engrais caractérisés par leur forme en couches ou enrobés, p.ex. enrobages anti-poussière
Described herein are systems and methods of fouling mitigation in a hydrocarbon fractionation column. The methods correlate operating parameters of the fractionation column, specifically flow rate and temperature, with fouling. The methods can include measuring a temperature and a flow rate at a bottom stream of the hydrocarbon fractionation column; providing the measured temperature and flow rate to a processing device; determining, by the processing device, based on the measured temperature and flow rate of the bottom stream, an antifoulant treatment protocol for the hydrocarbon fractionation column; and treating the hydrocarbon fractionation column by controlling, by the processing device, a feed control unit in accordance with the determined antifoulant treatment protocol.
C10G 9/36 - Craquage thermique non catalytique, en l'absence d'hydrogène, des huiles d'hydrocarbures par contact direct avec des fluides inertes préchauffés, p.ex. avec des métaux ou sels fondus avec des gaz ou vapeurs chauds
C10G 75/04 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'agents antisalissures
A composition for corrosion control in aqueous systems, the composition providing a formulation of a concentrated aluminum corrosion inhibitor; and (i) a polycarboxylic acid polymer, (ii) a sulfonic acid polymer, (iii) a combination of a polycarboxylic acid and a polysulfonic acid, (iv) an organic phosphonate, (v) a combination of a phosphonate and a polycarboxylic acid, or (vi) a combination of a phosphonate and a polysulfonic acid. A method for corrosion control in aqueous systems, the method providing a concentrated formulation, the concentrated formulation having an aluminum corrosion inhibitor and (i) a polycarboxylic acid polymer, (ii) a sulfonic acid polymer, (iii) a combination of a polycarboxylic acid and a polysulfonic acid, (iv) an organic phosphonate, (v) a combination of a phosphonate and a polycarboxylic acid, or (vi) a combination of a phosphonate and a polysulfonic acid; and delivering the concentrated formulation to an aqueous stream.
Exemplified methods and systems facilitate presentation of data derived from measurements of endotoxins in fluid samples. In particular, the exemplified methods and systems facilitate presentation of such measurements in a graphical user interface and/or in a report for endotoxin concentrations in a fluid sample. The presentation facilitates a unified and intuitive graphic visualization that are presented within a single interactive interface and/or report.
G01N 33/579 - Analyse chimique de matériau biologique, p.ex. de sang ou d'urine; Test par des méthodes faisant intervenir la formation de liaisons biospécifiques par ligands; Test immunologique faisant intervenir un lysat de limulus
G01N 21/27 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en utilisant la détection photo-électrique
G01N 21/29 - Couleur; Propriétés spectrales, c. à d. comparaison de l'effet du matériau sur la lumière pour plusieurs longueurs d'ondes ou plusieurs bandes de longueurs d'ondes différentes en utilisant la détection visuelle
A method for control and optimization of a stillage evaporation process, the method providing monitoring a conductivity of a stillage stream to obtain a conductivity value; correlating the conductivity value to a dry solids percentage (%DS) present in a stillage evaporator system to obtain an evaporator solids profile; and utilizing the evaporator solids profile to obtain a mass-balance solids profile of a stillage evaporator system to control and optimize a dry solids evaporation process.
Disclosed herein are systems, methods and computer program products for monitoring and maintaining operation, performance and reliability of a process gas compressor and auxiliary equipment used in a production environment by evaluating key performance indications (KPIs) versus design across three areas thermodynamic, rotor dynamics and system performance ratios.
The invention relates to a vessel sensor (100) for measuring real-time data of a multiphase fluid, the vessel sensor (100) having a housing (110); an inner electrode (112), wherein the inner electrode (112) is positioned within the housing (110); and a vessel cavity (114) located between the housing (110) and the inner electrode (112). The invention further relates to a sensor system (300) comprising the vessel sensor (100), an inductor (310), an impedance analyzer (312) and a processor (314). The invention further relates to a method (400) with the steps of providing (410) and deploying (412) a vessel sensor (100), measuring an impedance spectrum (414) and determining real-time data (416).
A synergistic fuel additive composition, the composition having a sulfur additive; and a non-sulfur containing additive, wherein the ratio of the sulfur additive to the non-sulfur additive is about 1:1 to about 1:100. A method of reducing sulfur content in a fuel composition, the method provides adding a fuel additive to a fuel composition, the fuel composition having a silver corrosion inhibitor, the fuel additive having: a sulfur additive and a non-sulfur containing additive, wherein the ratio of the sulfur additive to the non-sulfur containing additive is from about 1:1 to about 1:100; wherein the fuel additive provides less than 5 ppm of sulfur addition to the fuel composition; and wherein the fuel composition does not cause silver corrosion.
An antifouling dispersant composition having an alcohol polyoxyethylene (EO) ether (EO number 1-14), represented by the general formula (I), wherein R is an alkyl with about 3-20 carbon atoms; and n is 1-14.
C09D 5/00 - Compositions de revêtement, p.ex. peintures, vernis ou vernis-laques, caractérisées par leur nature physique ou par les effets produits; Apprêts en pâte
42.
POLYGLYCEROL FATTY ACID ESTERS (PGE) FOR CORN OIL EXTRACTION
An oil separation treatment composition providing a process stream mixture from a corn to ethanol process, and one or more polyglycerol esters of fatty acids (PGE) or mixture of PGE. A method for recovering oil in a corn to ethanol process wherein oil and solids are present in a process stream mixture, the method providing adding to the process stream mixture an oil separation treatment, the oil separation treatment comprises polyglycerol esters of fatty acids (PGE) or mixture of PGE.
A bipolar electrodialysis (BPED) cell is able to convert salt solutions into acid and base solutions. However, protons migrate through the anion exchange membranes and tend to neutralize the base solution. In a bipolar electrodialysis system described herein, multiple BPED cells are arranged to provide a multi-stage treatment system. Up to half, or up to one third, of the stages have cells with acid block anion membranes. The one or more stages with acid block anion membranes are located at the acid product output end of the system, where the acid concentration in the system is the highest. Replacing the traditional anion membranes in some of the stages with acid block anion membranes allows higher concentration products to be produced with moderate increase in energy consumption.
B01D 61/50 - Empilements du type à plaque et cadre
B01D 69/02 - Membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation, caractérisées par leur forme, leur structure ou leurs propriétés; Procédés spécialement adaptés à leur fabrication caractérisées par leurs propriétés
C02F 1/469 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par des procédés électrochimiques par séparation électrochimique, p.ex. par électro-osmose, électrodialyse, électrophorèse
44.
METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS TO REDUCE AZOLES AND AOX CORROSION INHIBITORS
A method to reduce or eliminate N-heterocycles, the method providing one or more environmentally benign chelators (EBCs) to an aqueous cooling system, the aqueous cooling system having at least one N-heterocycle in the presence of a halogenating or non-halogenating oxidizer. A method to reduce or eliminate AOX, the method providing one or more environmentally benign chelators (EBCs) to an aqueous cooling system, the aqueous cooling system having at least one AOX-containing species in the presence of a halogenating biocide.
C02F 5/10 - Traitement de l'eau avec des produits chimiques complexants ou des agents solubilisants pour l'adoucissement, la prévention ou l'élimination de l'entartrage, p.ex. par addition d'agents séquestrants en utilisant des substances organiques
A dust suppression composition having a biodegradable liquid; and at least one elastomeric organic resin. A method of reducing fugitive emissions from bulk and granular materials, the method provides preparing a dust suppression composition, the composition having a biodegradable liquid and at least one elastomeric organic resin; and applying the dust suppression composition to the bulk or granular materials.
A method for controlling mercury emissions within a FGD system, the method includes preparing a treatment composition for application on FGD system components, the treatment composition comprising a biocide, applying the treatment composition to an FGD system, wherein the FGD system includes an FGD scrubber, monitoring the bacterial load present within the FGD system, and optimizing the operating conditions of an aqueous system to determine when additional treatment is required.
B01D 53/64 - Métaux lourds ou leurs composés, p.ex. mercure
B01D 53/78 - Procédés en phase liquide avec un contact gaz-liquide
C02F 1/52 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par floculation ou précipitation d'impuretés en suspension
F23J 15/04 - Aménagement des dispositifs de traitement de fumées ou de vapeurs des purificateurs, p.ex. pour enlever les matériaux nocifs utilisant des fluides de lavage
47.
POLYACRYLATE POLYMERS FOR LOW CARBON STEEL CORROSION CONTROL
Methods are provided to inhibit corrosion in low hardness water systems. The corrosion inhibiting treatment comprises: calcium salts of low molecular weight polymer polycarboxylic acids. These calcium salts may be added preformed to the water system in need of treatment or formed in-situ in the system. This method of corrosion inhibition is not a source of addition phosphorous or heavy metal to the treated system.
C02F 5/10 - Traitement de l'eau avec des produits chimiques complexants ou des agents solubilisants pour l'adoucissement, la prévention ou l'élimination de l'entartrage, p.ex. par addition d'agents séquestrants en utilisant des substances organiques
C23F 11/08 - Inhibition de la corrosion de matériaux métalliques par application d'inhibiteurs sur la surface menacée par la corrosion ou par addition d'inhibiteurs à l'agent corrosif dans d'autres liquides
Sludge, for example primary sludge or waste activated sludge or both from a wastewater treatment plant, is pre-treated prior to anaerobic digestion. The pre-treatment includes an optuional mechanical treatment to reduce the viscosity of the sludge and a biological hydrolysis treatment. The biological hydrolysis treatment may be performed in a series of reactors some of which are maintained at a temperature in the range of 50 to 70°C. The reactors provide a combined residence time in the range of 0.5 to 6 days. Optionally, measurements of the pH of the sludge during or after biological hydrolysis, or the production of biogas from a downstream anaerobic digester, may be considered in adjusting the temperature of one or more of the biological hydrolysis reactors.
The present disclosure provides an electrodialysis stack that may be used for the treatment of an electrically conductive solution. The stack includes two electrodes (at least one is a recessed electrode), a plurality of ion-transport membranes and stack spacers. The membranes and spacers are arranged between the electrodes to define electrodialysis cell pairs. The stack includes an electrically insulated zone that extends substantially from a distribution manifold past the recessed edge of the electrode and substantially from the recessed electrode to the opposite electrode for a distance that is about 8% to 100% of the total distance between the electrodes. The overlap distance that the electrically insulated zone extends past the recessed edge of the electrode is calculated as: distance in cm = (0.062 cm-1)*(exp(-60/total cp)*(area in cm2 of the manifold ducts of the concentrated stream at the recessed edge) +/- 10%.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en général; Appareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p.ex. sous forme de membranes
50.
SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR UPGRADING CONVENTIONAL ACTIVATED SLUDGE PLANTS
A conventional activated sludge wastewater treatment plant is upgraded by adding one or more of a membrane filtration unit, a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) unit, and a screen. The membrane filtration unit is added between a process tank and the secondary clarifier. The membrane filtration unit extracts treated effluent at a rate up to 25% of the influent flow rate. The plant is not converted into a membrane bioreactor (MBR) since the MLSS concentration is still less than 4,000 mg/L. The membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) unit is added to a process tank of the plant and provides attached growth biological treatment. The screen extracts solids from water flowing to the process tanks. When optionally used in combination, the added units and processes increase the capacity of the primary separation, biological processing and secondary separation functions of the plant. The influent flow rate may be increased.
C02F 3/00 - Traitement biologique de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
B01D 61/00 - Procédés de séparation utilisant des membranes semi-perméables, p.ex. dialyse, osmose ou ultrafiltration; Appareils, accessoires ou opérations auxiliaires, spécialement adaptés à cet effet
Described herein are systems and methods for evaluating and mitigating the wax risks of a given hydrocarbon composition such as crude oil. The disclosed systems and methods enable rapid and ready prediction of wax risks using algorithms based on a small sample of the hydrocarbon composition. The wax risks are predicted using predictive models developed from machine learning. The disclosed systems and methods include mitigation strategies for wax risks that can include chemical additives, operation changes, and/or hydrocarbon blend.
The present disclosure provides an ion-exchange membrane that includes a supporting substrate impregnated with an ion-exchange material. The supporting substrate includes an imprinted non-woven layer, and the imprinting includes a plurality of deformations at a surface density of at least 16 per cm2. The supporting substrate may lack a reinforcing layer. In some examples, the supporting substrate may include only a single layer of the imprinted non-woven fabric.
B01J 47/12 - Procédés d'échange d'ions en général; Appareillage à cet effet caractérisés par l'emploi d'une substance échangeur d'ions sous forme de rubans, de filaments, de fibres ou de feuilles, p.ex. sous forme de membranes
B01D 15/04 - Procédés de séparation comportant le traitement de liquides par des adsorbants ou des absorbants solides; Appareillages pour ces procédés par des substances échangeuses d'ions comme adsorbants
53.
SCALE INHIBITION IN HIGH PRESSURE AND HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
Methods are provided to inhibit scale formation in oil or gas production systems. In one embodiment, the scale inhibiting treatment comprises: A) an AAA terpolymer and B) a polycarboxylate such as a polyepoxy succinic acid (PESA). The treatment can be added to these systems in the well area itself, to the well annulus and its associated tubes, casings, etc., to the oil or gas bearing subterranean formation, to injection conduits for injection of steam or fracking fluid to the subterranean formation, to the produced water, or to equipment in fluid contact with the produced water.
E21B 37/06 - Procédés ou appareils pour nettoyer les trous de forage ou les puits utilisant des moyens chimiques pour empêcher ou limiter le dépôt de paraffine ou de substances analogues
A method for establishing a corrosion protection system for an air cooled condenser is disclosed. The method includes receiving data associated with the physical properties and chemical process conditions of the air cooled condenser, utilizing a chemical process modeling component to simulate conditions of the air cooled condenser, and identifying an optimized corrosion protection system based on an evaluation of iteratively altered input variables.
F28F 27/00 - Commandes ou dispositifs de sécurité spécialement adaptés pour les appareils d'échange ou de transfert de chaleur
F28B 11/00 - Commandes avec caractéristiques particulières d'adaptation aux condenseurs
G06F 17/00 - TRAITEMENT ÉLECTRIQUE DE DONNÉES NUMÉRIQUES Équipement ou méthodes de traitement de données ou de calcul numérique, spécialement adaptés à des fonctions spécifiques
55.
OIL SOLUBLE SULFIDE SCAVENGERS WITH LOW SALT CORROSION AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THESE SCAVENGERS
Sulfide scavengers useful to reduce sulfide concentration in fluid streams and methods of using these scavengers. The scavengers comprise oil soluble reaction products of formaldehyde/N-substituted hydroxylamines and can be used to reduce, for example, H2S content in viscous hydrocarbon oil streams.
C07C 239/10 - Composés hydroxylaminés ou leurs éthers ou esters ayant des atomes d'azote de groupes hydroxylamino liés de plus à des atomes de carbone de radicaux hydrocarbonés non substitués ou de radicaux hydrocarbonés substitués par des atomes d'halogène ou par des groupes nitro ou nitroso
B01D 53/14 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par absorption
56.
ON-LINE AND CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF ORGANIC CARBON IN PETROLEUM REFINERY DESALTER BRINE WATER TO MONITOR, CONTROL AND OPTIMIZE THE DESALTER PROCESS UNIT
Disclosed herein are systems and methods method of treating wastewater. The method comprises measuring total organic carbons (TOC) in a stream of wastewater (202) from a processing plant (204), wherein the TOCs are measured in the stream of wastewater (202), providing the measured TOC's to a processing device (210), determining, based on the measured TOCs in the stream of wastewater (202), a treatment protocol for the stream of wastewater (202), and treating the wastewater stream (202) by controlling a feed control unit (212) in accordance with the determined treatment protocol.
Methods are provided for controlling fugitive dust emissions from a variety of granular or particulate solids materials such as coal dust. A first treatment of cationic polymer or cationic copolymer is applied to the dust. The dust is then loaded onto an open bed rail car or the like. A topping treatment comprising an aqueous dilute polymer solution or polymer latex emulsion or dispersion is applied to the exposed coal layer in the rail car.
Antifoulant compositions and methods are used for inhibiting fouling on structural parts of a system exposed to a fluid hydrocarbon or petrochemical stream. Polyamine antifoulants are added to such systems. The polyamine antifoulants may be conjointly used with dispersants and/or fatty acids. The fatty acids have been found to reduce thermal degradation of the polyamine antifoulants.
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
C10G 75/04 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'agents antisalissures
Methods for making sulfide scavenging compositions are provided. The method comprises reducing a settling velocity of the sulfide scavenging composition in a fluid stream by adjusting the specific gravity of the sulfide scavenging composition to within about fifteen percent or less of the specific gravity of the fluid stream. Sulfide scavengers using the above method are also disclosed. Methods for removing sulfides from fluid streams are also provided. The methods include adding the above sulfide scavengers to fluid streams.
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
B01D 53/10 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par adsorption, p.ex. chromatographie préparatoire en phase gazeuse avec adsorbants mobiles avec adsorbants dispersés
C10G 29/00 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, au moyen d'autres produits chimiques
60.
NITROGEN SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC TRIAZOLES AS CORROSION CONTROL AGENTS
Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion of metallic surfaces in contact with an aqueous medium such as copper, copper alloy, and steel surfaces of an open recirculating cooling water system. In certain embodiments, an aromatic triazole having an anionic substituent bonded to a nitrogen atom of the triazole (ANST) is used as the corrosion inhibitor. In other embodiments, the corrosion inhibitor is a reaction product of an aromatic triazole and an aldehyde (ATA).
Provided are methods and compositions for inhibiting carbonyl based fouling materials of basic wash systems. Said methods comprise contacting the hydrocarbon stream that is or will be subjected to said wash systems with water soluble or water dispersible copolymers. Said copolymers comprise repeat units of ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as acrylic acid with other repeat units such as alkyl acrylates, allyl ethers, ethoxylated allyl repeat units, etc. In other embodiments, a third repeat unit is present and may comprise a hydrophobic moiety such as a styrene repeat unit.
C10G 75/04 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'agents antisalissures
C08F 220/06 - Acide acrylique; Acide méthacrylique; Leurs sels métalliques ou leurs sels d'ammonium
C08F 228/02 - Copolymères de composés contenant un ou plusieurs radicaux aliphatiques non saturés, chaque radical ne contenant qu'une seule liaison double carbone-carbone et l'un au moins étant terminé par une liaison au soufre ou par un hétérocycle contenant du s par une liaison au soufre
C10G 19/02 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par un traitement alcalin avec des solutions aqueuses alcalines
Stillage solids concentration methods are disclosed wherein a solids concentration aid is added to a process stream mixture in a com to ethanol process. The solids concentration aid may comprise a cationic polymer coagulant or flocculant or both, a starch based coagulant or flocculant or a biologically derived (i.e., plant or animal origin) coagulant or flocculant. Acrylamide / quaternary ammonium copolymers and homopolymeric polydiallyldimethyl ammonium chloride polymers are noteworthy examples of suitable solids concentration aids.
C12F 3/10 - Récupération des sous-produits à partir des boues de distillation
C02F 11/147 - Traitement des boues d'égout; Dispositifs à cet effet par déshydratation, séchage ou épaississement avec addition de produits chimiques utilisant des substances organiques
C02F 1/40 - Dispositifs pour séparer ou enlever les substances grasses ou huileuses, ou les matières flottantes similaires
This disclosure describes a sensor comprising a single- or multi- resonant transducer (12, 31) to determine the composition or concentration, or both, of one or more components of an emulsion or dispersion. In some examples, the sensor is used to measure the type or concentration, or both, of clay in water or in a mixture of oil and water.
G01R 27/02 - Mesure de résistances, de réactances, d'impédances réelles ou complexes, ou autres caractéristiques bipolaires qui en dérivent, p.ex. constante de temps
G01V 3/30 - Prospection ou détection électrique ou magnétique; Mesure des caractéristiques du champ magnétique de la terre, p.ex. de la déclinaison ou de la déviation spécialement adaptée au carottage fonctionnant au moyen d'ondes électromagnétiques
64.
SYSTEM AND METHOD OF PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS FOR DYNAMIC CONTROL OF A HYDROCARBON REFINING PROCESS
Described herein are systems and methods of dynamically using predictive analytics in control of a hydrocarbon refining process. In one aspect, the method comprises analyzing a hydrocarbon sample, wherein the hydrocarbon sample is representative of an amount of hydrocarbon entering a refining process; developing one or more predictive models of the hydrocarbon refining process for the hydrocarbon entering the refining process based on the analysis of the hydrocarbon sample; and dynamically controlling aspects of the hydrocarbon refining process as the hydrocarbon entering the refining process moves through the refining process based on the one or more predictive models.
C10G 31/08 - Raffinage des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en l'absence d'hydrogène, par des méthodes non prévues ailleurs par traitement à l'eau
C10G 75/02 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'inhibiteurs de corrosion
C10G 75/04 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général par addition d'agents antisalissures
Methods are provided for recovering oil from a process stream mixture in a corn to ethanol process. The method comprises adding an oil separation aid to the process stream wherein the oil separation aid is an alkyl polyglycoside (APG).
An apparatus has a plurality of gas transfer membranes. The apparatus floats in water with the membranes submerged in the water. To treat the water, a gas is supplied to the membranes and is transferred to a biofilm supported on the membranes or to the water. Gas is also used to supply mixing or membrane scouring bubbles to the water. The mixing or scouring bubbles can be provided by a cyclic aeration or other gas supply system, which optionally provides gas at a variable pressure to the membranes in parallel or series with an aerator. Condensates can be removed from the membranes, and exhaust gasses from the membranes can be monitored, optionally through one or more dedicated pipes.
A bioreactor has a biofilm that receives a gas through a supporting membrane and another biofilm attached to an inert support. The first biofilm is aerated through the membrane and provides nitrification. The other biofilm has an anoxic or anaerobic zone and provides denitrification. A module useful in the bioreactor has cords potted in at least one potting head. Optionally, some or all of the cords have a gas transfer membrane. The module may provide inert supports, active gas transfer supports or a combination of both types of support. Multiple modules may be assembled together into a cassette, the cassette providing inert supports, active supports or a combination. The module or cassette may have an aerator for mixing or biofilm control.
Methods of reacting tannin/triazine and acid in a liquid medium and reaction products prepared by these methods. The reaction products may be used in a variety of water clarification applications and may also be utilized to inhibit coal auto oxidation and dust dissemination from coal mining, coal storage and coal transport applications.
C08G 73/06 - Polycondensats possédant des hétérocycles contenant de l'azote dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide-acides ou précurseurs similaires de polyimides
A bipolar membrane electrodialysis method and system are described for purifying an organic acid from an aqueous solution containing the salt of the organic acid. The system includes a bipolar membrane electrodialysis stack that includes at least one three-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis cell and at least one two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis cell. The method includes recirculating the solution of organic acid produced from the three-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis cell and two-compartment bipolar membrane electrodialysis cell. Cation or anion exchange resins may be included in the spacers of acid compartment to increase the conductivity of acid compartments, thereby increasing current density of the bipolar electrodialysis stack and decreasing power consumption.
A tubular depth filter element has one or more concentric zones. Each zone includes layers of a melt blown filament. An additional filament oscillates through the depth of the element, traversing through part of the depth of the filament with each oscillation but traversing through substantially all of the depth of the element over multiple oscillations. The traversing filament is preferably biased towards the outside of the element. The depth filter element may be made by spraying filaments onto a rotating mandrel. The filaments of the concentric zones are sprayed from fixed nozzles spaced apart along the length of the mandrel. The traversing filament is sprayed from a nozzle assembly that moves laterally or has compound motion relative to the mandrel. For example, the nozzle assembly may oscillate relative to the mandrel while an air attenuator of the nozzle assembly oscillates relative to the remainder of the nozzle assembly.
A conventional media filter such as a gravity sand filter is converted into a membrane filter. The media is removed and replaced by Immersed membrane modules. Transmembrane pressure is created by a static head pressure differential, without a suction pump, thereby creating a membrane gravity filter (MGF). Preferred operating parameters include transmembrane pressure of 5-20 kPa, 1-3 backwashes per day, and a flux of 10-20 L/m2/h. The membranes are dosed with chlorine or another oxidant, preferably at 700 minutes*mg/L as Cl2 equivalent per week or less. The small oxidant does is believed to provide a porous biofilm or fouling layer without substantially removing the layer. The media filter may be modified so that backwash wastewater is removed from near the bottom of the tank rather than through backwash troughs above the membrane modules. Membrane integrity testing may be done while the tank is emptied after a backwash.
A conventional media filter such as a gravity sand filter is converted into a membrane filter. The media is removed and replaced by immersed membrane modules. Transmembrane pressure is created by a static head pressure differential, without a suction pump, thereby creating a membrane gravity filter (MGF). Preferred operating parameters include transmembrane pressure of 5-20 kPa, 1-3 backwashes per day, and a flux of 10- 20 L/m2/h. The membranes are dosed with chlorine or another oxidant, preferably at 700 minutes*mg/L as Cl2 equivalent per week or less. The small oxidant does is believed to provide a porous biofilm or fouling layer without substantially removing the layer. The media filter may be modified so that backwash wastewater is removed from near the bottom of the tank rather than through backwash troughs above the membrane modules. Membrane integrity testing may be done while the tank is emptied after a backwash.
B01D 27/04 - Filtres à cartouches du type à jeter à cartouches constituées d'une pièce d'une seule matière, p.ex. du papier-filtre
B01D 69/00 - Membranes semi-perméables destinées aux procédés ou aux appareils de séparation, caractérisées par leur forme, leur structure ou leurs propriétés; Procédés spécialement adaptés à leur fabrication
C02F 1/28 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par absorption ou adsorption
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
73.
DUAL MEDIA SYSTEM FOR TREATING WASTEWATER CONTAINING SELENIUM
A bioreactor has a biofilm supporting bed with at least two types of media. An upper media is relatively porous, preferably porous enough to admit particles of a lower media. In use, wastewater flows downwards through the bed. Soluble nitrogen is reduced in the upper media and converted into nitrogen gas. Nitrogen gas bubbles rise through the upper media and escape from the bed. Selenium is reduced in the lower media and converted into elemental selenium. The elemental selenium is released periodically by backwashing the bed, which may cause fluidization or other expansion of the lower media into the upper media.
This specification describes a process and apparatus for treating water comprising selenium. A process is described having the steps of treating the wastewater influent using a biological reduction process to produce an intermediary stream and reducing the concentration of unconsumed constituents in the intermediary stream by means of filtration optionally with upstream coagulation or flocculation. When compared to the wastewater influent, the intermediary stream preferably has reduced concentration of the selenium species when compared to the wastewater influent. When compared to the intermediary stream, the effluent preferably has reduced concentration of one or more of the inorganic non- metallic constituents (such as nitrogen, phosphorous and sulphur), metallic constituents or organic constituents. An apparatus is described herein having a fixed film reactor configured to receive a wastewater influent, and a membrane filter configured to receive effluent from the fixed film reactor.
A system for treating wastewater containing selenium has a sequencing batch reactor upstream of a fixed film reactor. The sequencing batch reactor may be operated under anoxic conditions while influent is mixed with residual sludge. The SBR reduces total nitrogen, suspended solids, or both. Selenium is removed in the fixed film reactor by biological reduction to elemental selenium.
A media bed in a biological reactor is backwashed in a plurality of short pulses. An outlet of the reactor is preferably located above, but close to, the top of the bed. During a pulse, the outlet is closed and the bed may be fluidized or otherwise expanded to above the level of the outlet. Between pulses, the bed settles to below the level of the outlet.
C02F 3/00 - Traitement biologique de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout
B01J 8/02 - Procédés chimiques ou physiques en général, conduits en présence de fluides et de particules solides; Appareillage pour de tels procédés avec des particules immobiles, p.ex. dans des lits fixes
C12M 1/00 - Appareillage pour l'enzymologie ou la microbiologie
77.
ION EXCHANGE MEMBRANES PREPARED FROM CROSSLINKED ION EXCHANGE POLYMER COMPOSITIONS
A self-supported ion exchange membrane is described. The membrane includes: a polymerized and crosslinked monomer, where the monomer includes: a least one ionic group, a polymerized group, and a silicate group; and a polymer chemically bonded to crosslinked monomer through the silicate group.
C08J 3/24 - Réticulation, p.ex. vulcanisation, de macromolécules
C08L 29/04 - Alcool polyvinylique; Homopolymères ou copolymères d'esters partiellement hydrolysés d'alcools non saturés avec des acides carboxyliques saturés
C08L 43/04 - Homopolymères ou copolymères de monomères contenant du silicium
78.
SOLIDIFICATION OF WASTE BRINE FROM IN SITU HYDROCARBON RECOVERY OPERATIONS
There is provided a process and solidification formulation for treating waste brines derived from a thermal in situ hydrocarbon recovery operation. The waste brines can be from a SAGD operation, a crystallizer blowdown stream, an evaporator blowdown stream, and/or an OTSG blowdown stream. The process includes addition of the solidification formulation to the waste brine to produce a solidified waste that can be disposed of in landfills. The solidification formulation can be prepared according to the chemical characteristics of the waste brine. The solidification formulation added to the waste brine can include fly ash having high carbon content, such as fly ash derived from petroleum-coke. Calcium-containing compounds and silica-containing compounds can also be included in the solidification formulation.
There is provided a process and solidification formulation for treating waste brines derived from oil sands hydrocarbon recovery operations such as thermal in situ hydrocarbon recovery operations. The waste brines can be derived from evaporator blowdown streams. The waste brines can include water, solids, salts and organic components that include dissolved organics and emulsified oils. The process includes addition of the solidification formulation to the waste brine to produce a solidified waste that can be disposed of in landfills. The solidification formulation can be prepared according to the chemical characteristics of the waste brine. The solidification formulation added to the waste brine can include a calcium-containing reagent. The solidification formulation can include cement kiln dust and fly ash.
C10G 1/04 - Production de mélanges liquides d'hydrocarbures à partir de schiste bitumineux, de sable pétrolifère ou de matières carbonées solides non fusibles ou similaires, p.ex. bois, charbon par extraction
A gas detection fuse comprising a thin strip or sheet of a conductive material, such as a metal, connecting two electrodes for detecting a gas of interest. The metal is selected to be reactive with the gas of interest, and has a relatively large surface area, such that when the gas of interest contacts the metal, the electrical connection between the electrodes is broken (e.g., due to the metal losing physical integrity, or becoming non-conductive, as a result of the reaction with the gas). The gas of interest may be chlorine, and the conducting material may be tin. When the tin is exposed to chlorine the tin becomes oxidized to produce liquid tin tetrachloride, thus breaking the electrical connection.
G01N 27/12 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance en recherchant la résistance d'un corps solide dépendant de la réaction avec un fluide
81.
SENSOR SYSTEMS FOR MEASURING AN INTERFACE LEVEL IN A MULTI-PHASE FLUID COMPOSITION
A sensor includes a resonant transducer, the resonant transducer being configured to determine the composition of an emulsion or other dispersion. The resonant transducer has a sampling cell, a bottom winding disposed around the sampling cell, and a top winding disposed around the bottom winding. The composition of the dispersion is determined by measuring the complex impedance spectrum values of the mixture of the dispersion and applying multivariate data analysis to the values.
G01N 27/00 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques
B01D 17/12 - Dispositifs auxiliaires spécialement adaptés pour être utilisés avec les appareils pour séparer des liquides, p.ex. circuits de commande
G01F 23/22 - Indication ou mesure du niveau des liquides ou des matériaux solides fluents, p.ex. indication en fonction du volume ou indication au moyen d'un signal d'alarme en mesurant des variables physiques autres que les dimensions linéaires, la pression ou le poids, selon le niveau à mesurer, p.ex. par la différence de transfert de chaleur de vapeur ou d'eau
G01N 27/02 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance
82.
WASTEWATER TREATMENT WITH PRIMARY TREATMENT AND MBR OR MABR-IFAS REACTOR
Wastewater is treated though primary treatment of the water by way of a micro- sieve to produce a primary effluent and primary sludge. There is secondary treatment of the primary effluent by way of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) or an integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor to produce a secondary effluent and a waste activated sludge. The micro- sieve may have openings of 250 microns or less, for example about 150 microns. In a process, a gas transfer membrane is immersed in water. Pressurized air flows into the gas transfer membrane. An exhaust gas is withdrawn from the gas transfer membrane and used to produce bubbles from an aerator immersed in the water.
B01D 53/22 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
B01D 61/36 - Pervaporation; Distillation à membranes; Perméation liquide
C02F 1/44 - Traitement de l'eau, des eaux résiduaires ou des eaux d'égout par dialyse, osmose ou osmose inverse
Wastewater is treated though primary treatment of the water by way of a micro-sieve to produce a primary effluent and primary sludge. There is secondary treatment of the primary effluent by way of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) or an integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor to produce a secondary effluent and a waste activated sludge. The micro-sieve may have openings of 250 microns or less, for example about 150 microns. In a process, a gas transfer membrane is immersed in water. Pressurized air flows into the gas transfer membrane. An exhaust gas is withdrawn from the gas transfer membrane and used to produce bubbles from an aerator immersed in the water.
B01D 53/22 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
B01D 61/36 - Pervaporation; Distillation à membranes; Perméation liquide
A bearing assembly for a centrifugal pump is configured to accommodate both forward reverse axial thrust, and to be lubricated by process fluid. A pump incorporating a dual bearing assembly that is lubricated by process fluid and that is located between the final two impeller stages of the pump. A desalination system comprises a pump with an inlet for seawater at a first end, an outlet for discharging high pressure seawater at a second end, one or more impellers coupled to a rotatable shaft between the first end and the second end for increasing a pressure of the seawater, and a bearing assembly lubricated by the seawater for absorbing axial thrust in both directions along the shaft.
A surface treatment method includes: contacting a substrate with a treatment material, the substrate comprising a metallic element, the treatment material comprising an alkaline earth metal element, an alkali metal element, or any combination thereof; and forming on the substrate a surface layer comprising a first oxide of the alkaline earth metal element, the alkali metal element, or any combination thereof and a second oxide of the metallic element. A device has: a substrate layer comprising a metallic element; and a surface layer comprising a first oxide of an alkaline earth metal element, an alkali metal element, or any combination thereof, and a second oxide of the metallic element.
C23C 30/00 - Revêtement avec des matériaux métalliques, caractérisé uniquement par la composition du matériau métallique, c. à d. non caractérisé par le procédé de revêtement
C10G 9/16 - Prévention ou enlèvement des incrustations
C10G 75/00 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général
F16L 58/04 - Revêtements caractérisés par les matériaux utilisés
86.
APPARATUS EXPOSABLE IN BYPRODUCT CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL FORMATION ENVIRONMENT AND ASSOCIATED METHOD
An apparatus has a surface exposable to a byproduct carbonaceous material formation environment and comprising a perovskite material having an ABO3 perovskite structure and being of formula AaBb03-d, wherein 0.9
C10G 75/00 - Inhibition de la corrosion ou des salissures dans des appareils de traitement ou de conversion des huiles d'hydrocarbures, en général
C04B 35/50 - Produits céramiques mis en forme, caractérisés par leur composition; Compositions céramiques; Traitement de poudres de composés inorganiques préalablement à la fabrication de produits céramiques à base de composés de terres rares
A tubular depth filter element has three or more concentric zones. Each zone is made of an essentially continuous melt blown filament. The filament of an outer zone preferably has a larger diameter than the filaments of other zones. The outer zone overlaps with at least 85%, and preferably all, of another zone. Optionally, one or more additional filaments may traverse through all of zones. The depth filter element is made by spraying filaments onto a rotating mandrel to form a filament mass in contact with a conical press roller. The filaments are sprayed from three or more nozzles which are spaced apart along the length of the mandrel. One of the filaments is formed in a spray pattern that is angled towards an adjacent spray pattern so as to overlap with at least 50 or 85%, and preferably all, of the adjacent spray pattern.
Methods and composition are provided for recovering oil from an oil containing mixture or emulsion. The invention is particularly applicable for recovery of oil from corn in a corn to oil process. The process and compositions comprise a combination of two non-ionic surfactants i) and ii). The non-ionic surfactant i) is a non-ionic surfactant comprising a polyol derived from a sorbitol, a sorbitan, or isosorbide. The non-ionic surfactant ii) is an ester of a) polyethylene glycol and b) a fatty acid. In accordance with the methods, the combination of surfactants i) and ii) is brought into contact with a process stream mixture existing in a corn to ethanol process.
Methods and composition are provided for recovering oil from an oil containing mixture or emulsion. The invention is particularly applicable for recovery of oil from corn in a corn to oil process. The process and compositions comprise a combination of two non-ionic surfactants i) and ii). The non-ionic surfactant i) is a non- ionic surfactant comprising a polyol derived from a sorbitol, a sorbitan, or isosorbide. The non-ionic surfactant ii) is an ester of a) polyethylene glycol and b) a fatty acid. In accordance with the methods, the combination of surfactants i) and ii) is brought into contact with a process stream mixture existing in a corn to ethanol process.
A flow sensor circuit for a fluid flowpath having a self-heated thermistor situated in a fluid flowpath. The flow sensor circuit is configured to energize the thermistor sufficiently to heat the thermistor, calculate the slope of the leading edge of the rise in temperature of the thermistor when the thermistor is energized, and equate the slope to the state of the fluid flowing through the fluid flowpath. In another embodiment, the flow sensor circuit is configured to energize the thermistor, measure and calculate the average and standard deviation of the thermistor temperature, and determine the state of the flowpath using the thermistor temperature average and standard deviation.
A cord for supporting a biofilm has a plurality of yarns. At least one of the yarns comprises a plurality of hollow fiber gas transfer membranes. At least one of the yarns extends along the length of the cord generally in the shape of a spiral. Optionally, one or more of the yarns may comprise one or more reinforcing filaments. In some examples, a reinforcing yarn is wrapped around a core. A module may be made by potting a plurality of the cords in at least one header. A reactor may be made and operated by placing the module in a tank fed with water to be treated and supplying a gas to the module. In use, a biofilm covers the cords to form a membrane biofilm assembly.
B01D 53/22 - SÉPARATION Épuration chimique ou biologique des gaz résiduaires, p.ex. gaz d'échappement des moteurs à combustion, fumées, vapeurs, gaz de combustion ou aérosols par diffusion
A dip coating apparatus includes a sealed case assembly for containing at least one workpiece to be coated; an air pump communicated with the sealed case assembly, for pumping air from the sealed case assembly and injecting air into the sealed case assembly; and a coating solution container containing a coating solution and communicated with the sealed case assembly, for injecting the coating solution to the sealed case assembly and retrieving the coating solution from the sealed case assembly.
B05C 3/109 - Appareillages dans lesquels un ouvrage est mis en contact avec une grande quantité de liquide ou autre matériau fluide l'ouvrage étant immergé dans le liquide ou autre matériau fluide pour traiter des objets individuels en faisant passer des liquides ou d'autres matériaux fluides dans, ou au travers, de chambres contenant des objets immobiles
93.
WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS IN WATER
A conductivity meter for measuring the conductivity of a fluid is provided. The conductivity meter has a cell circuit and a control unit circuit. The cell circuit has a square wave drive amp, a cell, and a trans-impedance amplifier. The fluid flows through the cell. The control unit circuit and the square wave drive amp are configured to apply a square wave pulse train having a voltage to the fluid of the cell, thereby inducing a flow of current through the fluid in the cell. The cell circuit trans-impedance amplifier and the control unit circuit are configured to obtain a plurality of measurements of current flowing through the fluid in the cell and estimate a raw conductivity of the fluid in the cell using the current flow measurements. A method for measuring the conductivity of a fluid is also provided.
G01N 27/06 - Recherche ou analyse des matériaux par l'emploi de moyens électriques, électrochimiques ou magnétiques en recherchant l'impédance en recherchant la résistance d'un liquide
94.
APPARATUS AND SYSTEM FOR SAMPLING AND SUPPLYING A FLUID TO AN ANALYZER
Apparatuses and systems for sampling fluid and providing fluid to an analyzer are provided. In an embodiment, a sampler may have a state switch for the housing cover. In another embodiment, multiple fluid streams may be housed in a single housing.
G01N 1/20 - Dispositifs pour prélever des échantillons à l'état liquide ou fluide pour matériau coulant ou s'éboulant
G01N 35/10 - Dispositifs pour transférer les échantillons vers, dans ou à partir de l'appareil d'analyse, p.ex. dispositifs d'aspiration, dispositifs d'injection
95.
METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MONITORING STEAM GENERATION TUBE OPERATION CONDITIONS
A system for monitoring the operating conditions of a steam generator is described. The system comprises a network in communication with a workstation, a plurality of fiber optic sensors for sensing strain information of tubes in a steam generator and communicating this information to the workstation, and a camera for detecting temperature in a plurality of tubes in a steam generator, and for communicating the temperatures to the workstation, wherein the workstation is configured to determine the operating conditions of the steam generator.
F22B 37/38 - Détermination ou signalisation des conditions de marche dans les chaudières à vapeur, p.ex. enregistrant la direction ou le débit du courant d'eau dans les tubes
G01K 11/3206 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques en des endroits distincts de la fibre, p.ex. utilisant la diffusion de Bragg
G01B 11/16 - Dispositions pour la mesure caractérisées par l'utilisation de techniques optiques pour mesurer la déformation dans un solide, p.ex. indicateur optique de déformation
G01D 5/26 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette
G01K 11/32 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques
96.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MONITORING STEAM GENERATOR TUBE OPERATING CONDITIONS
A system for monitoring operating conditions of the steam generator tubes in a steam generator and a method for affixing a fiber optic sensing array to a steam generator tube is described. The system comprises a fiber optic sensing array disposed within a hermetical cable package, an emitter and photodetector for obtaining reflected wavelengths from the fiber optic sensors, and a central processing unit for converting the signal into the operating conditions. The method comprises cleaning a surface of a tube, affixing a guide tube to the tube surface, and threading a sensing cable package into the guide tube.
F22B 37/38 - Détermination ou signalisation des conditions de marche dans les chaudières à vapeur, p.ex. enregistrant la direction ou le débit du courant d'eau dans les tubes
G01K 11/3206 - Mesure de la température basée sur les variations physiques ou chimiques, n'entrant pas dans les groupes , , ou utilisant des changements dans la transmittance, la diffusion ou la luminescence dans les fibres optiques en des endroits distincts de la fibre, p.ex. utilisant la diffusion de Bragg
G01D 5/26 - Moyens mécaniques pour le transfert de la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible; Moyens pour convertir la grandeur de sortie d'un organe sensible en une autre variable, lorsque la forme ou la nature de l'organe sensible n'imposent pas un moyen de conversion déterminé; Transducteurs non spécialement adaptés à une variable particulière utilisant des moyens optiques, c. à d. utilisant de la lumière infrarouge, visible ou ultraviolette
A membrane bioreactor (MBR) has membranes comprising a supporting structure. A supply unit doses a sorbent such as powdered activated carbon (PAC) into the MBR. The PAC is maintained at a concentration in the mixed liquor of 200 mg/L or more. Mixed liquor with the sorbent particles recirculates within the MBR at a flow rate of at least twice the feed flow rate. Air bubbles are provided to scour the membranes including during at least part of a permeation step. The sorbent particles are present in the mixed liquor and contact the membranes. Bioaugmentation products may be immobilized on PAC or other carriers and then added to an MBR or other bioreactors.
98.
PRODUCED WATER TREATMENT TO REMOVE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Systems and methods for removing organic contaminants from water may be used, for example, to treat produced water from a steam assisted heavy oil recovery operation. The treated produced water may be re-used to create steam. Alternatively, the produced water may be a blowdown stream treated to facilitate further treatment in a thermal crystallizer. The treatments may include pH adjustment or separating de- solubilized organics or both. Other treatments may include one or more of oxidation, sorption and biological treatments. The treatments may be used alone or in various combinations. One exemplary combination includes reducing the pH of produced water, separating de- solubilized organics from the produced water, and oxidizing the produced water or contacting the produced water with activated carbon.
A gas delivery device has a manifold with an inlet to receive pressurized gas, multiple ports and conduits that extend horizontally from each_port. Each conduit has a single opening which may be an open end of a conduit that defines an open-bottomed channel. The ports are close together and the area of the ports is less than the area of the conduits. The manifold may have an open bottom. The ports may be in the form of open bottom slots. The gas delivery device may be used with a transducer, for example an inverted siphon type intermittent sparger. Pressurized gas is brought into a tank to near or below the bottom of a membrane module, split into multiple individual generally horizontal flows of pressurized gas and released as bubbles in multiple lateral positions. The gas delivery device provides a nearly even distribution of the gas to the positions.
A method of air scouring an immersed membrane is described in this specification. The method comprises a step of adjusting one or more aeration parameters during a permeation cycle, or between a permeation cycle and a back pulse or relaxation cycle, or between successive cycles. The method may be used with a gas delivery device described in this specification in which a supply of gas is provided to a manifold with multiple ports connected to multiple conduits. The method may further comprise bringing a flow of pressurized gas into a tank to near or below the bottom of a membrane module. At about this elevation, the flow of pressurized gas is split into multiple flows of pressurized gas. Each of the multiple flows of pressurized gas is directed to a different lateral position and then released as bubbles.
brevets
