The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a polymer electrolyte and high-potential NMC type cathode active material. The polymer electrolyte comprises an electrolyte composition, preferably comprising a deep eutectic solvent (DES), and a polymer network having a polyacrylamide backbone.
H01M 10/0565 - Matériaux polymères, p.ex. du type gel ou du type solide
H01M 4/131 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes, ou de mélanges d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes, p.ex. LiCoOx
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p.ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodes; Batteries à l'ion lithium
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a nickel sulphate solution in a column reactor, whereby metal particles containing nickel are reacted with an oxidative leach solution comprising sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in water and whereby the acid in the oxidative leaching solution is substantially depleted.
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of a nickel sulphate solution in a column reactor, whereby metal particles containing nickel are reacted with an oxidative leach solution comprising sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide in water and whereby the acid in the oxidative leaching solution is substantially depleted.
The present invention relates to positive electrode active materials in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries having a difference in cobalt and nickel concentration between the center and the edge of secondary particle and having a specific range of crystallite size.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
5.
CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESS FOR THE SEPARATION OF METALS
The present disclosure is related to a crystallization process for the recovery of metals from starting materials comprising Ni and Li.The starting materials, either in aqueous solution or solid form, are reacted with an aqueous solution, reaching an acidity of preferably at least 500 g/L sulfuric acid, at a temperature of at least 45 °C. Upon solid/liquid separation of the reaction products, a solid residue comprising the major part of the Ni as a hydrated sulfate, and an effluent solution comprising the major part of the Li, are obtained.This process is particularly suitable for recycling lithium-ion rechargeable batteries.
The present invention provides novel bispidone ligands and transition metal complexes thereof, especially iron and manganese complexes thereof. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to the use of said bispidone ligands and complexes thereof as a siccative agent in curable liquid compositions.
C08F 283/01 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par polymérisation de monomères sur des polymères prévus par la sous-classe sur des polyesters non saturés
C09D 167/00 - Compositions de revêtement à base de polyesters obtenus par des réactions créant une liaison ester carboxylique dans la chaîne principale; Compositions de revêtement à base de dérivés de tels polymères
7.
LITHIUM NICKEL-BASED COMPOSITE OXIDE AS A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
The invention relates to a positive electrode active material for suitable for electric vehicle (EV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) applications, wherein said material comprises lithium transition metal-based oxide particles comprising soluble S content and having a high specific surface area.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
8.
ENVIRONMENTAL-FRIENDLY PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER
Provided is a process for the environmental-friendly treatment of sulfate-containing wastewater. The acidic, sulfate-containing wastewater is treated in a sulfate reducing bioreactor with influent and effluent looped through to the cathode compartment of an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell stabilizes the pH in the bioreactor by the in-situ production of base in the cathode compartment. Additionally, hydrogen is produced which is used in the bioreactor as electron donor for the sulfate reduction. The middle compartment of the electrochemical cell contains a sulfide rich aqueous solution in which the extracted cations are displaced by protons from the anode compartment. This results in the acidification of the sulfide rich solution, which is beneficial for the extraction of sulfides as H2S. This H2S can be used for the precipitation of metals in the beginning of the process, forming another loop.
The present invention relates to a lithium nickel-based composite oxide as a positive electrode active material for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries suitable for electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle applications, comprising lithium nickel-based oxide particles comprising tungsten.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p.ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodes; Batteries à l'ion lithium
H01M 10/0565 - Matériaux polymères, p.ex. du type gel ou du type solide
10.
LITHIUM NICKEL-BASED COMPOSITE OXIDE AS A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
The present invention relates to a lithium nickel-based oxide positive electrode active material for lithium-ion secondary batteries suitable for electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle applications, comprising lithium transition metal-based oxide particles comprising zirconium, and a preparation method for said positive electrode material.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
11.
ENERGY-EFFICIENT PYROMETALLURGICAL PROCESS FOR TREATING LI-ION BATTERIES
The present disclosure concerns a 2-step smelting process, for recovering of Ni and Co from batteries and other sources. The process comprises the steps of: - defining an oxidizing level Ox, and a battery- bearing metallurgical charge; - oxidizing smelting of the metallurgical charge by injecting an O2-bearing gas into the melt to reach the defined oxidizing level Ox; and, - reducing smelting of the obtained slag using a heat source and a reducing agent. The process is more energy-efficient than a single-step reducing smelting process and provides for a higher purity alloy and for a cleaner final slag.
The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, wherein the positive electrode active material comprises Li, M', and oxygen, wherein M' comprises: - Ni in a content x between 60.0 mol% and 95.0 mol%, relative to M'; - Co in a content y, wherein 0 < y < 40.0 mol%, relative to M'; - Mn in a content z, wherein 0 < z < 70.0 mol%, relative to M'; - D in a content a, wherein 0 < a < 2.0 mol%, relative to M', wherein D comprises an element other than Li, O, Ni, Co, Mn, F, W and B; - F in a content b, wherein b>0, preferably between 0.1 mol% and 4.0 mol%, relative to M'; - W in a content c between 0.1 mol% and 4.0 mol%, relative to M'; - B in a content e, wherein 0 < e < 4.0 mol%, relative to M'; and, - wherein x, y, z, a, e and c are measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), - wherein b is measured by Ion chromatography (IC), - wherein x+y+z+a+b+c+e is 100.0 mol%, wherein the positive electrode active material has a F content FA defined as formula (I) and W content WA defined as formula (II), wherein the positive electrode active material has a F content FB and a W content WB wherein FB and WB are determined by XPS analysis, wherein FB and WB are each expressed as molar fraction compared to the sum of molar fractions of Co, Mn, Ni, F, W, and B, as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, wherein the ratio FB / FA > 1.0, wherein the ratio WB / WA > 1Ø
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
13.
RECOVERY OF NICKEL AND COBALT FROM LI-ION BATTERIES OR THEIR WASTE
The present invention lies in the field of pyrometallurgy and discloses a process and a slag suitable for the recovery of Ni and Co from Li-ion batteries or their waste.The slag composition is defined according to: 10% < MnO < 40%; (CaO + 1.5*Li2O) / Al2O3 > 0.3; CaO + 0.8*MnO + 0.8*Li2O < 60%; (CaO + 2*Li2O + 0.4*MnO) / SiO2 = 2.0; Li2O = 1%; and, Al2O3 + SiO2 + CaO + Li2O + MnO + FeO + MgO > 85%.This composition is particularly adapted to limit or avoid the corrosion of furnaces lined with magnesia-bearing refractory bricks.
The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, wherein the positive electrode active material comprises Li, M', and oxygen, wherein M' comprises: - Ni in a content x between 60.0 mol% and 95.0 mol%, relative to M'; - Co in a content y, wherein 0 < y < 40.0 mol%, relative to M'; - Mn in a content z, wherein 0 < z < 70.0 mol%, relative to M'; - D in a content a, wherein 0 < a < 2.0 mol%, relative to M', wherein D comprises an element other than Li, O, Ni, Co, Mn, F, W and S; - F in a content b, wherein b>0, preferably b is between 0.1 mol% and 4.0 mol%, relative to M'; - W in a content c, wherein c>0, preferably 0.01 = c = 4.0 mol%, relative to M'; - S in a content d, wherein d>0, preferably between 0.01 mol% and 3.0 mol%, relative to M'; and, - B in a content e, wherein 0 < e < 4.0 mol%, relative to M'; and, - wherein x, y, z, a, c, and d are measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), - wherein b is measured by Ion chromatography (IC), - wherein x+y+z+a+b+c+d is 100.0 mol%, wherein the positive electrode active material has a F content FA defined as Formula (I), content WA defined as Formula (II), and S content SA defined as Formula (III), wherein the positive electrode active material has a F content FB, W content WB, and S content SB wherein FB, WB, and SB are determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, wherein FB, WB, and SB are each expressed as molar fraction compared to the sum of molar fractions of Co, Mn, Ni, F, W and S as measured by XPS analysis, wherein the ratio FB / FA > 1.0, wherein the ratio WB / WA > 1.0, and wherein the ratio SB / SA > 1Ø
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
The present invention provides a compound semiconductor layered structure comprising: a semiconductor substrate having a bottom surface and a top surface; and a compound semiconductor film on top of said semiconductor substrate, said compound semiconductor film comprising a porous, polycrystalline bottom layer in direct contact with said top surface of said semiconductor substrate, and methods of making the same.
The present invention provides compound semiconductor layered structures comprising a semiconductor substrate having a bottom layer and a top layer; and a semi-conductor film on top of said semiconductor substrate, said semiconductor film comprising a bottom layer, a core and a top layer, whereby said bottom layer of said semiconductor film is in contact with said top surface of said semiconductor substrate, and wherein said top layer is nonporous. Preferred compound semiconductors further comprise a semiconductor overlayer having a bottom surface layer and a top surface layer, whereby said bottom surface layer of said second semiconductor layer is in contact with said top layer of said semiconductor film. The present invention also provides process for preparing the same.
Positive electrode active material for solid-state batteries, comprising Li, M', and oxygen, wherein M' comprises: - Ni in a content x between 50.0 mol% and 85.0 mol%,- Co in a content y between 0.0 mol% and 40.0 mol%, - Mn in a content z between 0.0 mol% and 40.0 mol%,- dopants in a content a between 0.0 mol% and 2.0 mol%, - Zr in a content b between 0.1 mol% and 5.0 mol%,- wherein x+y+z+a+b is 100.0 mol%, wherein formula (I), wherein the positive electrode active material has a Zr content ZrB is expressed as molar fraction compared to the sum of molar fractions of Co, Mn, Ni, and Zr all as measured by XPS analysis,wherein ZrB/ZrA >50.0, the positive electrode active material comprising secondary particles having a plurality of primary particles said primary particles having an average diameter between 170 nm and 340 nm.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
18.
LITHIUM NICKEL-BASED COMPOSITE OXIDE AS A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
Positive electrode active material for solid-state batteries, comprising Li, M', and oxygen, wherein M' comprises: - Ni in a content x between 50.0 mol% and 75.0 mol%,- Co in a content y between 0.0 mol% and 40.0 mol%, - Mn in a content z between 0.0 mol% and 40.0 mol%,- dopants in a content a between 0.0 mol% and 2.0 mol%, - Zr in a content b between 0.1 mol% and 5.0 mol%,- wherein x+y+z+a+b is 100.0 mol%, wherein ZrA = (), wherein the positive electrode active material has a Zr content ZrB is expressed as molar fraction compared to the sum of molar fractions of Co, Mn, Ni, and Zr all as measured by XPS analysis,wherein ZrB/ZrA >50.0, the positive electrode active material comprising secondary particles having a plurality of primary particles said primary particles having an average diameter between 170 nm and 340 nm.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
19.
LITHIUM NICKEL-BASED COMPOSITE OXIDE AS A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
Positive electrode active material for solid-state batteries, comprising Li, M', and oxygen, wherein M' comprises: - Ni in a content x between 70.0 mol% and 95.0 mol%,- Co in a content y between 0.0 mol% and 40.0 mol%, - Mn in a content z between 0.0 mol% and 40.0 mol%,- dopants in a content a between 0.0 mol% and 2.0 mol%, - Zr in a content b between 0.1 mol% and 5.0 mol%, - wherein x+y+z+a+b is 100.0 mol%, wherein formula (I),wherein the positive electrode active material has a Zr content ZrB is expressed as molar fraction compared to the sum of molar fractions of Co, Mn, Ni, and Zr all as measured by XPS analysis,wherein ZrB/ZrA >50.0, the positive electrode active material comprising secondary particles having a plurality of primary particles, said primary particles having an average diameter of at least 250 nm.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
A polymer electrolyte suitable for use in lithium-ion secondary batteries is obtained by reaction between: at least one polyether polymer [polymer (P)], said polymer (P) comprising: at least 70.0 % by moles of oxyethylene units; from 0.0 to 10.0 % by moles of oxypropylene units; and from 1.00 to 4.0 % by moles of recurring units derived from at least one monomer and at least one polysiloxane compound. Said at least one polysiloxane compound is grafted to said at least one polymer (P) through reaction of at least a fraction of the CH=CH2 moiety of monomer (M) with the H-Si moiety of the polysiloxane compound.
A positive electrode for lithium-ion secondary batteries, comprising a positive electrode active material and at least one polymer electrolyte being polyether polymer, said positive electrode active material comprising at least elements selected from Li, M', and oxygen, wherein the metal M' has a formula: Ni1-x-y-zMnxCoyAz with 0.00=x=0.70, 0.00=y=0.40, and 0.00=z=0.10, wherein A, when present, is different than Ni, Mn, Co and Li, and is preferably at least one of: B, Mg, Al, Nb, Ti, Y, W, S, Ba, Sr, and Zr.
The present invention provides a positive electrode active material powder for lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, wherein the positive electrode active material comprises Li, M', S and O, wherein M' consists of:- Ni in a content x between 60.0 mol% and 95.0 mol%, relative to M'- Co in a content y between 0.0 mol% and 25.0 mol%, relative to M',- Mn in a content z between 0.0 mol% and 25.0 mol%, relative to M',- W in a content a of 0.05 mol% or more, relative to M'- D in a content b between 0.0 mol% and 2.0 mol%, relative to M', wherein D comprises at least one element of the group consisting of: Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cr, F, Fe, Mg, Mo, Nb, Si, Sr, Ti, Y, V, Zn and Zr, and,- wherein x, y, z, a, and b are measured by ICP,- wherein x + y + z + a + b is 100.0 mol%,wherein the positive electrode active material comprises soluble sulfur in a content of 0.30 mol% or more, relative to M'.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/02 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif
23.
A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
A positive electrode active material for lithium-ion liquid electrolyte rechargeable batteries, whereby the positive electrode active material is a powder which comprises Li, M', and O, wherein M' consists of Co in a content x superior or equal to 2.0 mol% and inferior or equal to 35.0 mol%, Mn in a content y superior or equal to 0 mol% and inferior or equal to 35.0 mol%, A in a content m superior or equal to 0 mol% and inferior or equal to 5 mol%, whereby A comprises at least one element of the group consisting of: Al, Ba, B, Mg, Nb, Sr, Ti, W, S, Ca, Cr, Zn, V, Y, Si, and Zr, Ni in a content of 100-x-y-m mol%, a first compound which comprises Li2WO4 and a second compound which comprises WO3, whereby the powder is a single-crystalline powder, whereby the positive electrode active material comprises Li in a molar ratio of Li/(Co+Mn+Ni+A) of at least 0.9 and at most 1.1.
H01M 4/131 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes, ou de mélanges d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes, p.ex. LiCoOx
H01M 4/505 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de manganèse d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du manganèse pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiMn2O4 ou LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p.ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodes; Batteries à l'ion lithium
A positive electrode active material for solid state rechargeable batteries, whereby the positive electrode active material is a powder which comprises Li, M', and O, wherein M' consists of Co in a content x superior or equal to 2.0 mol% and inferior or equal to 35.0 mol%, Mn in a content y superior or equal to 0 mol% and inferior or equal to 35.0 mol%, A in a content m superior or equal to 0 mol% and inferior or equal to 5 mol%, whereby A comprises at least one element of the group consisting of: Al, Ba, B, Mg, Nb, Sr, Ti, W, S, Ca, Cr, Zn, V, Y, Si, and Zr, Ni in a content of 100-x-y-m mol%, a first compound which comprises Li2WO4 and a second compound which comprises WO3, whereby the powder is a single-crystalline powder, whereby the positive electrode active material comprises Li in a molar ratio of Li/(Co+Mn+Ni+A) of at least 0.9 and at most 1.1, whereby the positive electrode active material has a tap density which is at least 1.0 gr/cm3 and at most 3.0 g/cm3.
H01M 4/131 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes, ou de mélanges d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes, p.ex. LiCoOx
H01M 4/505 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de manganèse d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du manganèse pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiMn2O4 ou LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p.ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodes; Batteries à l'ion lithium
H01M 10/0565 - Matériaux polymères, p.ex. du type gel ou du type solide
Method for manufacturing positive electrode active material for batteries comprising Li, O and M, wherein M consists of: - Co between 5 and 35 mol%; - Mn less than 35 mol%; - A less than 10 mol%, A being an element from: B, Mg, Al, Nb, Ti, W, Y, Ca, S, P, Zr, Sn, Si and W, and - The balance Ni,Which comprises:Step 1: preparing a liquid slurry of a lithium mixed metal oxide powder,Step 2: mixing the powder before or after or during step 1 with a cation selected from: Al3+, La3+, Co2+, Co3+, Mn2+, Mn3+, Mn4+, Mn6+, Zn2+, Cu+, Cu2+, B3+, Mg2+, and with an anion having a general formula A'y'Oz'-x', wherein A' is: B, Al, Sn, Si, P, W, wherein 0.5?x?4, 0.5?y'? 2 and 1?z'?12; Step 3: drying said slurry;Step 4: heating the slurry resulting from steps 1 and 2 or the dried slurry from step 3.
H01M 4/485 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiTi2O4 ou LiTi2OxFy
H01M 4/505 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de manganèse d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du manganèse pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiMn2O4 ou LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
H01M 4/02 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif
H01M 4/36 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs
26.
A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
A positive electrode active material for batteries which comprises Li, M', and oxygen, wherein M' comprises: Ni in a content a between 70.0 mol% and 95.0 mol%; Co in a content x between 0.0 mol% and 25.0 mol%; Mn in a content y between 0.0 mol% and 25.0 mol%, a dopant D in a content z between 0.0 mol% and 2.0 mol%, Al and B in a total content c between 0.1 mol% and 5.0 mol%, wherein the active material has an Al content AlA and a B content BA, wherein a, x, y, z, c, AlA and BA are measured by ICP, wherein AlA, and BA are expressed as molar fractions compared to the sum of a and x and y, wherein the positive electrode active material, when measured by XPS analysis, shows an average Al fraction AlB and an average B fraction BB, wherein the ratio AlB/AlA>1.0, wherein the ratio BB/BA>1.0, and wherein the positive electrode active material is a single-crystalline powder.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
27.
A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
A positive electrode active material for batteries which comprises Li, M', and oxygen, wherein M' comprises: Ni in a content a between 60.0 mol% and 75.0 mol%; Co in a content x between 0.0 mol% and 20.0 mol%; Mn in a content y between 0.0 mol% and 35.0 mol%, a dopant D in a content z between 0.0 mol% and 2.0 mol%, Al, B and W in a total content c between 0.1 mol% and 5.0 mol%, wherein the active material has an Al content AlA, a B content BA, and a W content WA, wherein a, x, y, z, c, AlA, BA and WA are measured by ICP, wherein AlA, BA and WA, wherein the positive electrode active material, when measured by XPS analysis, shows an average Al fraction AlB, an average B fraction BB and an average W fraction WB, wherein AlB/AlA, BB/BA, and WB/WA are all larger than 1.0, and wherein the positive electrode active material is a single crystalline powder.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
28.
A POSITIVE ELECTRODE ACTIVE MATERIAL FOR RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
The present invention provides a positive electrode active material for lithium-ion secondary batteries, comprising: (i) a first lithium transition metal oxide, comprising single-crystalline particles having a median particle size D50A of between 3 µm and 15 µm, as determined by laser particle size analysis, and (ii) a second lithium transition metal oxide, comprising single-crystalline particles having a median particle size D50B of between 0.5 µm and 3 µm, as determined by laser particle size analysis, wherein a weight fraction ?B of said second lithium transition metal oxide with respect to the total weight of said positive electrode active material is between 5 wt.% and 40 wt.%.
H01M 4/131 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes, ou de mélanges d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes, p.ex. LiCoOx
H01M 4/1391 - Procédés de fabrication d'électrodes à base d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes, ou de mélanges d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes, p.ex. LiCoOx
H01M 4/505 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de manganèse d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du manganèse pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiMn2O4 ou LiMn2OxFy
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p.ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodes; Batteries à l'ion lithium
The present invention provides a positive electrode active oxide material for rechargeable batteries, comprising lithium, nickel, and at least one metal selected from the group comprising manganese and cobalt, whereby said positive electrode active material has a single-crystalline morphology and said surface layer further comprises aluminum and fluorine, wherein the atomic ratio of Al to a total amount of Ni, Mn, and/or Co of 1.0 to 7.0, and wherein said surface layer has an atomic ratio of F to a total amount of Ni, Mn, and/or Co of 0.5 to 6.0, as determined by XPS analysis.
H01M 4/525 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes inorganiques de nickel, de cobalt ou de fer d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes contenant du fer, du cobalt ou du nickel pour insérer ou intercaler des métaux légers, p.ex. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 ou LiCoOxFy
The invention concerns monocrystalline dislocation-free Ge, n-type doped, and having a resistivity of less than 10 mOhm.cm, characterized in that phosphorus is the single dopant.Such crystals can be obtained by using the Czochralski pulling technique with GeP as dopant.
A powderous positive electrode active material for lithium ion secondary battery having particles comprising Li, M, and O, said particles having a Li/M molar ratio superior or equal to 0.98 and inferior or equal to 1.10, said powderous positive electrode active material being characterized in that said powder has a flow index of at least 0.10 and at most 0.30 when said powder has a D50 of at least 4.0 µm and of at most 6.0 µm or said powder has a flow index of at least 0.10 and of at most 0.20 when said powder has a D50 superior to 6.0 µm and of at most 10.0 µm, wherein the D50 is the median particle size of the powder.
H01M 4/131 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes, ou de mélanges d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes, p.ex. LiCoOx
H01M 4/1391 - Procédés de fabrication d'électrodes à base d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes mixtes, ou de mélanges d'oxydes ou d'hydroxydes, p.ex. LiCoOx
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p.ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodes; Batteries à l'ion lithium
32.
METHOD FOR THE RECOVERY OF PLATINUM GROUP METALS FROM CATALYSTS COMPRISING SILICON CARBIDE
The invention concerns a process suitable for the recovery of platinum group metals (PGM) present in PGM-bearing catalysts comprising silicon carbide (SiC). More particularly, the process for the recovery of PGM present in PGM-bearing catalysts comprising SiC, comprises the steps of preparing a metallurgical charge by mixing the PGM-bearing catalysts with an Fe-oxide compound in an amount sufficient to oxidize at least 65% of the SiC, and feeding the metallurgical charge and slag formers to a smelting furnace operating in conditions susceptible to form a liquid Fe-based bullion, which contains PGM, and a liquid slag.Good to excellent PGM yields are obtained.
The invention concerns monocrystalline dislocation-free Ge, n-type doped, and having a resistivity of less than 10 mOhm.cm, characterized in that phosphorus is the single dopant. Such crystals can be obtained by using the Czochralski pulling technique with GeP as dopant.
The present disclosure concerns a 2-step high temperature process for the recovering Ni, Co, and Mn from various sources. It comprising the steps: preparing a metallurgical charge comprising said materials, and Si, Al, Ca and Mg as slag formers; smelting the charge with slag formers in first reducing conditions, thereby obtaining a Ni-Co alloy comprising a major part of at least one of Co and Ni, with Si < 0.1 %, and a first slag comprising the major part of the Mn; separation of the slag from the alloy; and, smelting the slag in second reducing conditions, more reducing than said first reducing conditions, thereby obtaining a Si-Mn alloy comprising the major part of the Mn, with Si > 10%, and a second slag. A Ni-Co alloy is produced, suitable for e.g. the preparation of cathode material for Li-ion batteries, and a Si-Mn alloy is produced, which can be used in steelmaking. The second slag is essentially free of heavy metals and therefore suitable for reuse.
A process is disclosed for the recovery of valuable metals from oxidic ores, in particular from polymetallic nodules. The process is suitable for the recovery of Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, and Mn, which are the main metals of interest in such polymetallic nodules. The present process is, among others, characterized by the handling of Fe, which is dissolved and kept in solution until the step of crystallization rather than removed at an earlier stage. A mixed Mn-Fe residue is obtained, which, after thermal treatment, provides a Mn-Fe oxide that is suitable for the steel or for the manganese industry. Excellent Cu, Co and Ni yields are obtained, while Fe is leached and valorized together with Mn.
C22B 3/22 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p.ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés physiques, p.ex. par filtration, par des moyens magnétiques
C22B 3/44 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p.ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés chimiques
The invention concerns a composition for use as drier in auto-oxidizable coatings or as accelerator in unsaturated polyester resins, comprising a manganese-bearing polymer having a manganese dicarboxylate repeating unit and at least one nitrogen-containing donor ligand. Such compositions offer excellent drying performances. They ensure a strongly reduced leachability of manganese compared to that of known manganese-bearing driers.
C08G 18/46 - Polycondensats contenant des groupes ester carboxylique ou carbonique dans la chaîne principale contenant des hétéro-atomes autres que l'oxygène
C08G 18/28 - Polymérisats d'isocyanates ou d'isothiocyanates avec des composés contenant des hydrogènes actifs caractérisés par l'emploi de composés spécifiés contenant un hydrogène actif
The present disclosure concerns the production of precursor compounds for lithium battery cathodes. Batteries or their scrap are smelted in reducing conditions, thereby forming an alloy suitable for further hydrometallurgical refining, and a slag. The alloy is leached in acidic conditions, producing a Ni-and Co-bearing solution, which is refined. The refining steps are greatly simplified as most elements susceptible to interfere with the refining steps concentrate in the slag. Metals such as Co, Ni and Mn are then precipitated from the solution, forming a suitable starting product for the synthesis of new battery precursor compounds.
The invention concerns a process for the recovery of metals such as Ni and Co from a Li-containing starting material. In particular, this process concerns the recovery of metals M from a Li-containing starting material, wherein M comprises Ni and Co, comprising the steps of: Step 1: Providing said starting material, comprising Li-ion batteries or their derived products; Step 2: Removing Li in an amount of more than the maximum of (1) 30% of the Li present in said starting material, and (2) a percentage of the Li present in said starting material determined to obtain a Li:M ratio of less than 0.70 in a subsequent acidic leaching step; Step 3: Subsequent leaching using relative amounts of Li-depleted product and a mineral acid, thereby obtaining a Ni-and Co-bearing solution; and, Step 4: Crystallization of Ni, Co, and optionally Mn. Due to the lower reagent consumption and higher Ni and/or Co concentration during hydrometallurgical processing, the invention is an efficient and economic process for the production of crystals suitable for battery material production.
C22B 7/00 - Mise en œuvre de matériaux autres que des minerais, p.ex. des rognures, pour produire des métaux non ferreux ou leurs composés
C22B 3/04 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés par lixiviation
C22B 3/06 - Extraction de composés métalliques par voie humide à partir de minerais ou de concentrés par lixiviation dans des solutions inorganiques acides
C22B 3/22 - Traitement ou purification de solutions, p.ex. de solutions obtenues par lixiviation par des procédés physiques, p.ex. par filtration, par des moyens magnétiques
C22B 5/00 - Procédés généraux de réduction appliqués aux métaux
C22B 9/00 - Procédés généraux d'affinage ou de refusion des métaux; Appareils pour la refusion des métaux sous laitier électroconducteur ou à l'arc
H01M 6/52 - Récupération des parties utiles des éléments ou batteries usagés
H01M 10/54 - Récupération des parties utiles des accumulateurs usagés
The present invention concerns a copper electrowinning process suitable for the production of enhanced-quality cathodes from highly contaminated electrolytes. The process is performed in electrowinning cells including a plurality of anodes and cathodes, equipped with gas sparging elements at their bottom. It comprises the step of sparging gas across the cathodes, and is characterized in that the solution contains more than 100 mg/L of arsenic. The invention provides an alternative solution to the problem of cathode quality when dealing with highly contaminated electrolytes, in particular when containing high concentrations of arsenic.
The present disclosure concerns a process for the recovery of valuable metals from polymetallic nodules. A two-stage process using SO2 in an acidic aqueous media is disclosed. In a first step, performed in mildly acidic conditions, Mn, Ni, and Co are dissolved; in a second, more acidic step, Cu is dissolved. Under these conditions, the leachate of the first step contains most of the Mn, Ni, and Co, while being nearly Cu-free. The Ni and Co are precipitated as sulfides; the Mn can be recovered as sulfate by crystallization. Cu, which is leached in the second step, is selectively precipitated, also as sulfide.
The present disclosure concerns a process for the concentration of lithium in metallurgical fumes. The process comprises the steps of: - providing a metallurgical molten bath furnace; - preparing a metallurgical charge comprising lithium-bearing material, transition metals, and fluxing agents; - smelting the metallurgical charge and fluxing agents in reducing conditions in said furnace, thereby obtaining a molten bath with an alloy and a slag phase; and, - optionally separating the alloy and the slag phase; characterized in that a major part of the lithium is fumed as LiCl from the molten slag, by addition of alkali or earth alkali chloride to the process. Using a single smelting step, valuable transition metals such as cobalt and nickel also present in the charge are collected in an alloy phase, while the lithium reports to the fumes. The lithium in the fumes is available in concentrated form, suitable for subsequent hydrometallurgical processing.
A process is divulged for the recovery of metals from a metal-bearing material containing, in oxidized form, more than 1% of Co, a total of Co and Ni of more than 15%, and more than 1% Mg, comprising the step of: - smelting said metal-bearing material in a bath furnace together with slag formers, thereby producing an alloy phase with more than 80%, preferably more than 90% of the Co, and less than 1% of the Mg, and a slag phase, by applying reducing smelting conditions, and by selecting CaO, S1O2, and Al203 as slag formers, in amounts so as to obtain a final slag composition according to the ratio's 0.25 < Si02/AI203 < 2.5, 0.5 < Si02/CaO < 2.5, and to MgO > 10%; and, - separating the alloy phase from the slag phase. This process ensures the quantitative recovery of Co in an alloy phase along with other metals such as Ni, while collecting Mg into a slag. Being free of Mg, the obtained alloy can be economically refined by using hydrometallurgical techniques, in particular for the preparation of precursors for use as cathode material in Li-ion batteries.
The present invention relates to an enhanced process for the recovery of lithium from compositions also containing aluminum. An example of such a metallurgical compositions is the metallurgical slag that is obtained when recycling lithium-ion batteries or their derived products using a pyrometallurgical smelting process. Acid leaching of such a slag, followed by neutralization to precipitate aluminum leads to poor lithium yields as lithium tends to co-precipitate with aluminum. A process is presented wherein aluminum is selectively precipitated using a source of phosphate at a controlled pH preferably between 3 and 4.
A process is divulged for the recovery of lithium from metallurgic slags comprising the steps of roasting spodumene to convert it from the alpha to the beta variant; reacting the beta variant with sulfuric acid, using a stoichiometric excess of acid; repulping the reaction product with water, forming an acidic slurry; neutralizing the acidic slurry to a pH between 5 and 7, by addition of at least one neutralizing agent; filtrating the neutralized slurry, thereby obtaining a lithium bearing solution and a residue; characterized that, in either one or both of the steps of repulping and neutralizing the acidic slurry, lithium-bearing metallurgic slag is added as neutralization agent. The lithium-bearing metallurgic slag is used to substitute at least part of the classic neutralizing agent. The lithium in the slag is released,and added to the lithium liberated from the spodumene.
The present invention concerns the recovery of cobalt from cobalt-bearing materials, in particular from cobalt-bearing lithium-ion secondary batteries, from the spent batteries, or from their scrap. A process is divulged for the recovery of cobalt from cobalt-bearing materials, comprising the steps of: providing a converter furnace,charging slag formers and one or more of copper matte, copper-nickel matte, and impure alloy into the furnace, and injecting an oxidizing gas so as to smelt the charge in oxidizing conditions, thereby obtaining a molten bath comprising a crude metal phase, and a cobalt-bearing slag,and separating the crude metal from the cobalt-bearing slag, characterized in that the cobalt-bearing materials are charged into the furnace. This process is particularly suitable for recycling cobalt-bearing lithium-ion secondary batteries. Cobalt is concentrated in a limited amount of converter slag, fromwhich it can economically be retrieved, together with other elements such as copper and/or nickel.
The present invention concerns a slag composition having a high lithium content, suitable as additive in the manufacture of end-user products, or for the economic recovery of the contained lithium. The lithium concentration indeed compares favorably with that of spodumene, the classic mineral mined for lithium production. This slag is characterized by a composition according to : 3% < Li2O< 20%; 1% < MnO < 7%; 38% < AI2O3 < 65%; CaO < 55%; and, SiO2 < 45%.
The present disclosure concerns an apparatus suitable for smelting and separating metals in flexible oxido-reduction conditions. More particularly, it concerns an apparatus for smelting metallurgical charges comprising a bath furnace susceptible to contain a molten charge up to a determined level, characterized in that the furnace is equipped with: at least one non-transfer plasma torch for the generation of first hot gases; at least one oxygas burner for the generation of second hot gasses; and,submerged injectors for injecting said first and second hot gases below said determined level.
This invention concerns power supplies suitable for electric arc gas heaters such a plasma torches. It more particularly relates to the dimensioning of the inductor in the switched-mode DC to DC converter used for feeding the torch. The invention concerns in particular a DC power supply for driving a non-transferred electric arc gas heater, comprising: an AC to DC rectifier providing a potential U 0; a DC to DC switching converter having a switching frequency fs; a current control loop having a latency Formula (I); and, a ballast inductor having an inductance L; characterized in that inductance L is such that Formula (II) and Formula (III). Such a design ensures the stability of the current control loop, while also ensuring a sufficient amount of current ripple to spread out the erosion zone on the electrodes of the torch.
The invention concerns a process for the separation of cobalt from lithium present in a charge comprising lithium-ion batteries or related products, comprising the steps of: smelting the charge using a bath furnace equipped with a submerged air-fed plasma torch for injecting plasma gas into the melt; defining and maintaining a bath redox potential where cobalt is reduced to the metallic state and reporting to an alloy phase, and whereby lithium is oxidized as Li2O and reporting to the slag phase; decanting and separating the phases. It is characterized in that the reduction and oxidizing steps are performed simultaneously. A suitably low cobalt concentration is obtained in the slag.
The present invention concerns a process for the recovery of metals and of heat from spent rechargeable batteries, in particular from spent Li-ion batteries containing relatively low amounts of cobalt. It has in particular been found that such cobalt-depleted Li-ion batteries can be processed on a copper smelter by: -feeding a useful charge and slag formers to the smelter; -adding heating and reducing agents; whereby at least part of the heating and/or reducing agents is replaced by Li-ion batteries containing one or more of metallic Fe, metallic Al, and carbon. Using spent LFP or LMO batteries as a feed on the Cu smelter, the production rate of Cu blister isincreased,while the energy consumption from fossil sources is decreased.
A negative electrode active material for a lithium ion battery having the composition formula SiaSnbNicTiyMmCz, wherein a, b, c, y, m and z represent atomic % values, wherein M is either one of more of Fe, Cr and Co, and wherein a>0, b>0, z>0,y=0, 0=m=1, c > 5, z + 0.5*b > a and c + y > 0.75*b. The process for preparing the active material comprises the steps of: - providing a mixture of elemental and/or alloyed powders of the elements in the composition SiaSnbNicTiyMmCz, and - high energy milling under non-oxidizing conditions of the powder mixture.
H01M 4/38 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'éléments simples ou d'alliages
H01M 4/134 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base de métaux, de Si ou d'alliages
H01M 10/0525 - Batteries du type "rocking chair" ou "fauteuil à bascule", p.ex. batteries à insertion ou intercalation de lithium dans les deux électrodes; Batteries à l'ion lithium
A submicron sized Si based powder having an average primary particle size between 20 nm and 200 nm, wherein the powder has a surface layer comprising SiOx, with 0
C01B 33/027 - Préparation par décomposition ou réduction de composés de silicium gazeux ou vaporisés autres que la silice ou un matériau contenant de la silice
C01B 33/029 - Préparation par décomposition ou réduction de composés de silicium gazeux ou vaporisés autres que la silice ou un matériau contenant de la silice par décomposition de monosilane
C01B 33/03 - Préparation par décomposition ou réduction de composés de silicium gazeux ou vaporisés autres que la silice ou un matériau contenant de la silice par décomposition d'halogénures de silicium ou de silanes halogénés ou réduction de ceux-ci avec de l'hydrogène comme seul agent réducteur
53.
NEW SILICON BASED ELECTRODE FORMULATIONS FOR LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING IT
An electrode assembly for a rechargeable Li-ion battery, comprising a current collector provided with an electrode composition comprising carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) binder material and silicon powder provided with a layer of SiO2 or silicon suboxides SiOx, with 0
H01M 4/134 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base de métaux, de Si ou d'alliages
H01M 4/1395 - Procédés de fabrication d’électrodes à base de métaux, de Si ou d'alliages
H01M 4/36 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs
H01M 4/38 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs d'éléments simples ou d'alliages
H01M 4/62 - Emploi de substances spécifiées inactives comme ingrédients pour les masses actives, p.ex. liants, charges
54.
RECOVERY OF PRECIOUS METALS FROM SPENT HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSTS
This disclosure concerns the recovery of PGM (platinum group metals) from spent homogeneous catalysts present in an organic phase. Specifically, a pyrometallurgical process is provided whereby the PGM, and Rh in particular, are concentrat-ed in a metallurgical phases, rendering them accessible for refining according to known processes. To this end, a process is dis-closed comprising the steps of: - providing a molten bath furnace, having a submerged injector equipped for liquid fuel firing; - providing a molten bath comprising a metallic and/or matte phase, and a slag phase; - feeding the spent homogeneous catalyst and an O2 bearing gas through the injector, a major part of the PGM being recovered in the metallic and/or matte phase; - separating the PGM-bearing metallic and/or matte phase from the slag phase. The energy content of the organic waste can be effectively used for heating and/or reduction of the metallurgical charge in the furnace. Valuable metals are recovered with high yield, and the en-vironmentally harmful organic waste is destructed.
The present invention relates to a process for preparing an alloy composite negative electrode material having a spherical carbon matrix structure for lithium ion batteries by spray-drying carbothermal reduction. The invention covers a process for preparing a negative electrode material for a lithium ion battery with a general formula A-M/Carbon, wherein A is a metal selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, Sb, Ge and Al; and wherein M is different from A and is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, Cr, Nb, Cu, Zr, Ag, Ni, Zn, Fe, Co, Mn, Sb, Zn, Ca, Mg, V, Ti, In, Al, Ge; and comprising the steps of. - providing a solution comprising an organic polymer and either chemically reducible nanometric A- and M-precursor compounds, or nanometric Si and a chemically reducible M-precursor compound, when said metal A is Si; - spray-drying said solution whereby a A- and M-precursor bearing polymer powder is obtained, and - calcining said powder in a neutral atmosphere at a temperature between 500 and 1000° C for 3 to 10 hours whereby, in this carbothermal reduction, a carbon matrix is obtained bearing homogeneously distributed A-M alloy particles.
H01M 4/133 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base de matériau carboné, p.ex. composés d'intercalation du graphite ou CFx
H01M 4/1393 - Procédés de fabrication d’électrodes à base de matériau carboné, p.ex. composés au graphite d'intercalation ou CFx
This disclosure relates to catalysts for the auto-oxidative drying of polymers, in particular for polymers used in paints or inks, based on unsaturated fatty acids, mostly from vegetal origin A compound is divulged for use as a polymerisation agent in coatings, characterized in that it comprises a cobalt-bearing alkyd polymer, said polymer having a cobalt content of 0.5 to 6% by weight, a mean molecular weight of more than 3000, and comprising cobalt carboxylate sequences Several processes are presented to illustrate the synthesis of the cobalt-bearing polymer These polymers retain the catalytic effect of cobalt towards the drying of polymers, while they greatly suppress the toxicity of cobalt by being essentially insoluble in water.
The invention relates to polymeric cobalt bearing compounds, in particular for use as metal-rubber adhesion promoters (RAPs) in tires, belts and hoses. Known active substances are a.o. cobalt stearates, naphthenates, resinates, decanoates, boro-decanoates and many other forms of acylates. While these substances appear to enhance the metal-rubber adhesion, all of them also come with significant drawbacks, a.o. linked to the relatively high bioavailability of cobalt in these substances. The invention concerns more particularly a polymer comprising Co-carboxylate sequences, with a Co content of at least 3% by weight, and with a mean molecular weight of more than 2000. Several synthesis methods, allowing to reach relatively high Co concentrations in the polymer, illustrate the invention. The invented polymers show a strongly reduced bioavailability of Co compared to currently available products, as demonstrated by aqueous leaching tests. As RAPs, they perform similarly to commercial products, as shown by pullout tests.
C08L 85/00 - Compositions contenant des composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule une liaison contenant des atomes autres que le silicium, le soufre, l'azote, l'oxygène et le carbone; Compositions contenant des dérivés de tels polymères
C08G 79/00 - Composés macromoléculaires obtenus par des réactions créant dans la chaîne principale de la macromolécule une liaison contenant des atomes autres que le silicium, le soufre, l'azote, l'oxygène et le carbone, avec ou sans ces derniers éléments
C08G 83/00 - Composés macromoléculaires non prévus dans les groupes
C08J 5/10 - Renforcement des composés macromoléculaires avec des matériaux fibreux en vrac ou en nappes caractérisé par les additifs utilisés dans le mélange de polymères
C08K 5/098 - Sels métalliques d'acides carboxyliques
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (France)
Inventeur(s)
Levasseur, Stephane
Van Thournout, Michele
Gibot, Pierre
Masquelier, Christian
Abrégé
The present invention relates to lithium secondary batteries and more specifically to positive electrode materials operating at potentials greater than 2.8 V vs. Li+/Li in non-aqueous electrochemical cells. In particular, the invention relates to crystalline nanometric olivine-type LiFeI-xMxPO4 powder with M is Co and/or Mn, and 0
This invention relates to a single-step pyrometallurgical process for the recovery of non-ferrous metals from zinc bearing residues, in particular from by-products of the zinc and lead industry such as goethite and jarosite. A process for the recovery of metals from industrial Zn residues containing Zn, Fe and S is defined, wherein Zn is fumed, Fe is slagged, and S is oxidized to SO2, characterized in that the Zn fuming, the Fe slagging, and the S oxidation are performed in a single step process, by smelting the residues in a furnace comprising at least one submerged plasma torch generating an oxidizing gas mixture, and by feeding a solid reducing agent to the melt. The process achieves the oxidation of S and the slagging of Fe, while simultaneously achieving the reduction and the fuming of metals such as Zn.
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (France)
Inventeur(s)
Delacourt, Charles
Poizot, Philippe
Masquelier, Christian
Abrégé
The present invention relates to lithium secondary batteries and more specifically to positive electrode materials operating at potentials greater than 2.8 V vs. Li+/Li in nonaqueous electrochemical cells. In particular, the invention relates to crystalline nanometric carbon- free olivine-type LiFePO4 powders with enhanced electrochemical properties. A direct precipitation process is described for preparing crystalline LiFePO4powder, comprising the steps of: - providing a water-based mixture having at a pH between 6 and 10, containing a water -miscible boiling point elevation additive, and Li(I), Fe(II) and P(V) as precursor components; - heating said water-based mixture to a temperature less than or equal to its boiling point at atmospheric pressure, thereby precipitating crystalline LiFePO4 powder. An extremely fine 50 to 200 nm particle size is obtained, with a narrow distribution. The fine particle size accounts for excellent high-drain properties without applying any carbon coating. This allows for a significant increase in the active material content of the electrode. The narrow distribution facilitates the electrode manufacturing process and ensures a homogeneous current distribution within the battery.
H01M 4/136 - PROCÉDÉS OU MOYENS POUR LA CONVERSION DIRECTE DE L'ÉNERGIE CHIMIQUE EN ÉNERGIE ÉLECTRIQUE, p.ex. BATTERIES Électrodes Électrodes composées d'un ou comprenant un matériau actif Électrodes pour accumulateurs à électrolyte non aqueux, p.ex. pour accumulateurs au lithium; Leurs procédés de fabrication Électrodes à base de composés inorganiques autres que les oxydes ou les hydroxydes, p.ex. sulfures, séléniures, tellurures, halogénures ou LiCoFy
C01B 25/45 - Phosphates contenant plusieurs métaux ou un métal et l'ammonium
H01M 4/58 - Emploi de substances spécifiées comme matériaux actifs, masses actives, liquides actifs de structures polyanioniques, p.ex. phosphates, silicates ou borates
H01M 4/1397 - Procédés de fabrication d’électrodes à base de composés inorganiques autres que les oxydes ou les hydroxydes, p.ex. sulfures, séléniures, tellurures, halogénures ou LiCoFy
61.
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GE BY REDUCTION OF GECI4, WITH LIQUID METAL
The invention relates to the manufacture of high purity germanium for the manufacture of e.g. infra red optics, radiation detectors and electronic devices. GeCl4 is converted to Ge metal by contacting gaseous GeCl4 with a liquid metal M containing one of Zn, Na and Mg, thereby obtaining a Ge-bearing alloy and a metal M chloride, which is removed by evaporation or skimming. The Ge-bearing alloy is then purified at a temperature above the boiling point of metal M. This process does not require complicated technologies and preserves the high purity of the GeCl4 in the final Ge metal, as the only reactant is metal M, which can be obtained in very high purity grades and continuously recycled.
The invention relates to a process for the separation and recovery of non- ferrous metals from zinc-bearing residues, in particular from residues produced by the zinc manufacturing industry. The process comprises the steps of: - subjecting the residue to a flash or agitated bath fuming step, thereby producing an Fe bearing slag and Zn- and Pb-bearing fumes; and - extracting the Zn- and Pb-bearing fumes and valorising Zn and Pb; characterised in that CaO, SiO2 and MgO are added as a flux before or during the fuming step so as to obtain a final slag composition with: formula (I) all concentrations being expressed in wt%. The invention also relates to a single-chamber reactor for Zn-fuming equipped with one or more submerged plasma torches as heat and gas sources.
The invention relates to a process for the separation and recovery of non- ferrous metals from zinc-bearing residues, in particular from residues produced by the zinc manufacturing industry. The process allows for the valorisation of metal values in a Zn-, Fe- and Pb-bearing residue, and comprises the steps of: -subjecting the residue to a direct reduction step, thereby producing a metallic Fe-bearing phase and Zn- and Pb-bearing first fumes; - extracting the Zn- and Pb-bearing first fumes and valorising Zn and Pb; - subjecting the metallic Fe-bearing phase to an oxidising smelting step, thereby producing an Fe-bearing slag and second metals-bearing fumes; - extracting the second metals-bearing fumes and valorising at least part of their metallic content. The main advantage of this process is that an environmentally acceptable output for Fe is obtained.
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