Organodisulfides blends having heterogeneous moieties of carbon chain length from 8 to 18 are useful stabilizers for polymer compositions, wherein the tendency of a polymer to degrade when exposed to environmental conditions such as heat, light and oxygen may be ameliorated by the incorporation of the heterogeneous organodisulfide blend.
An aqueous composition for coating cementitious or masonry substrates is provided. When dried, the coating composition has high gloss and low dirt pick-up. The composition includes at least one emulsified polymeric binder; at least one water-soluble silicate; at least one alkyl siliconate; at least one pigment, optionally at least one filler; optionally at least one paint additive; and water. The pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the aqueous composition is 40 weight % or less.
A method of coating a cementitious and/or masonry substrate includes applying an aqueous coating composition to the cementitious and/or masonry substrate. The aqueous coating composition includes at least one pigment, optionally at least one filler, at least one emulsified polymeric binder, at least one water-soluble silicate, and optionally at least one additive. The emulsified polymeric binder includes at least one of: a) (meth)acrylamide or derivative thereof as a polymerized monomer; or b) 1 weight % or more of at least one surfactant based on the total dry weight of the total monomer in the emulsified polymeric binder. The aqueous coating composition has a weight ratio of emulsified polymeric binder to the water-soluble silicate from 65:35 to 95:5 on a dry weight basis. The aqueous coating composition also has a pigment volume concentration (PVC) from 5% to 85.
B05D 3/10 - Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
B05D 7/00 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
B05D 7/14 - Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
A one-part composition includes by wt% of total weight of the composition: a) 5 to 70 wt% of at least one emulsified polymeric binder, the binder comprising one or more of (meth)acrylamide or derivatives thereof as a polymerized monomer; b) 1 to 55 wt% of at least one silicate; c) 0.01 to 10 wt% of at least one alkyl siliconate; d) water, and e) optional additives. The binder a) includes (meth)acrylamide or derivative thereof as a polymerized monomer and is in the form of emulsified polymeric particles having a volume average particle size of 50 nm - 500 nm.
Shell-and-tube devices typically require regular maintenance. Described herein is an automated method for tracking the status of individual tubes during maintenance activities and recording status data for review and analysis. Status data may optionally be reported in real-time summary format and/or used to predict time-to-completion. The method helps to reduce the expense of performing maintenance activities in shell-and-tube devices, including shell-and-tube reactors and heat exchangers.
F28D 7/00 - Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
F28F 11/00 - Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes or conduits
6.
METHOD FOR MONITORING A TUBE SHEET OF A HEAT EXCHANGER
Shell-and-tube devices typically require regular maintenance. Described herein is an automated method for tracking the status of individual tubes during maintenance activities and recording status data for review and analysis. Status data may optionally be reported in real-time summary format and/or used to predict time-to-completion. The method minimizes omission errors and helps to reduce the expense of performing maintenance activities in shell-and-tube devices, including shell-and-tube reactors and heat exchangers.
Waterborne dispersions including crosslinkable multistage polymeric particles useful in coating compositions are provided. The multistage particles have a last-formed layer that includes a diketone functionality that is capable of crosslinking via a dihydrazide component also included in the dispersion. Another embodiment of the waterborne dispersion further includes crosslinkable latex particles having a diketone functionality that are capable of crosslinking with each other and/or the multistage particles via the dihydrazide component. An emulsion polymerization process for forming the multistage particles also is provided. Also provided are coating compositions that contain either embodiment of the waterborne dispersions.
Multi-stage polymeric particles are prepared as a water-borne emulsion, including a first-formed lower Tg soft stage and a second-formed higher Tg hard stage. The polymeric particles include, in both stages: one or more free radical polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers; 0 to 3 wt% of free radical polymerizable surfactant monomer; 0 to 4 wt% of free radical polymerizable monomer having a beta dicarbonyl functionality; 0 to 2 wt% of monomer selected from acrylamide, diacetone acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylates, and hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylates and mixtures thereof; 0-1.9 wt% of free radical polymerizable polyethylenically unsaturated monomers; 0.1 to 1.9% of free radical polymerizable monomer containing phosphorus acid or a salt thereof in the first stage, and 0.1 to 5 wt% of a free radical polymerizable monomer containing phosphorus acid or salt thereof in the second stage. Multi-stage polymeric-particle-based-resin is formulated into direct to metal coatings, having good block, corrosion and excellent humidity resistance.
C08F 265/06 - Polymerisation of acrylate or methacrylate esters on to polymers thereof
C08K 5/523 - Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4 with hydroxyaryl compounds
C09D 151/06 - Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
9.
AZEOTROPE AND AZEOTROPE-LIKE COMPOSITIONS OF 1-CHLORO-1,2 DIFLUOROETHYLENE AND 2,3,3,3-TETRAFLUOROPROP-1-ENE
Provided are azeotrope or azeotrope-like compositions comprised of 1-chloro-1,2 difluoroethylene (R-1122a) and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) and uses thereof.
C09K 5/00 - Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
C09K 5/02 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
The present invention relates to heat transfer compositions comprising 1-chloro-1,2 difluoroethylene for use in refrigeration, air conditioning, heat pump systems, chillers, and other heat transfer applications. The inventive heat transfer compositions can possess reduced global warming potential while providing good capacity and performance while providing preferable flammability characteristics
C09K 5/00 - Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
C09K 5/02 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
11.
FAST HARDENING AQUEOUS COATING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING GRAFT COPOLYMER OF POLYAMINE AND VINYL MONOMERS
An anionically-stabilized aqueous emulsion composition includes a) a first emulsion polymer having a Tg from -60°C to 40°C; b) a volatile base; and c) polymeric particles, different from the first emulsion polymer and present in emulsified form. The c) polymeric particles are polyamine graft copolymers, in which vinyl monomers form a polymer grafted to a water-soluble amino- group containing polymer. The anionically-stabilized aqueous emulsion composition may have a pH of from 8 to 11.
Non-polymeric coupling agent formulation for producing wood-polymer composites include at least one organic peroxide and a non-polymeric bio-based additive that includes at least one of a bio-based oil or a bio-based acid or derivatives of bio-based oils or acid is provided. The coupling agent formulations are capable of producing polymer matrix composites having improved strength and aging characteristics. The improved strength may be related to physical properties such as improved stiffness, toughness or tensile strength. A masterbatch utilizing the non-polymeric coupling agent formulation is provided, as well as a method making the masterbatch.
Formulations for producing modified bio-based polymers, especially bio-based polyesters like PLA and/or biodegradable polymers like PBAT, include at least one organic peroxide and at least one bio-based reactive additive. The at least one organic peroxide and/or the at least one bio-based reacted additive are capable of reacting with a bio-based polymer and/or biodegradable polymer to produce the modified bio-based and/or modified biodegradable polymer. The modified bio-based and/or modified biodegradable polymers have improved properties compared to non-modified bio-based and/or biodegradable polymers. The improved properties may related to processability, especially improved melt strength which results in easier processing while producing foamed polymers, thin films, such as blown film, cast film, tentered film and the like. The improved properties may be related to physical properties such as improved stiffness, toughness or tensile strength.
Devices and methods for provided both an antimicrobial vapor such as hydrogen peroxide and/or peracetic acid and water vapor in an enclosed or partially enclosed space are described. The device and method provided is for the reduction or elimination of microbes fromair and surfaces in contact with air within an enclosed or partially enclosed space using hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid in the vapor phase and also provide for humidity from water vapor. The device and method are directed towards a release of an antimicrobial vapor and water vapor through a permeable container/barrier containing a matrix into which water and an antimicrobial vapor producing material are absorbed.
B65D 81/22 - Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient in moist conditions or immersed in liquids
15.
VINYL ACRYLIC EMULSION COPOLYMER AND USE THEREOF IN STAIN RESISTANT COATING COMPOSITIONS
Waterborne vinyl acetate-acrylic, "vinyl acrylic" emulsion copolymers which can be used in architectural coatings and impart stain resistance to such coatings are provided. The vinyl acrylic emulsion copolymer particles in the emulsion may contain one or more particle size modes, each with a respective narrow particle size distribution. The vinyl acrylic emulsion copolymers contain as a comonomer an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and also contain a hydrolyzable silane comonomer. The hydrolyzable silane may be present as a comonomer in the vinyl acrylic copolymer and/or may be added to the vinyl acrylic emulsion copolymer emulsion in the form of a hydrolyzable silane that may have a reactive group that is capable of reacting with the vinyl acrylic copolymer.
The present invention relates to a polyester-urethane composition. In particular, the invention relates to aliphatic alkyl ring-containing compositions that are useful for producing ultraviolet light resistant coatings. The invention further relates to pigmented and clear coating compositions formulated with the polyester-urethane composition of the present invention. The polyester-urethane compositions may be crosslinked.
The invention relates to the use of a low Tg compatible resin as an adhesive layer for the welding of a thermoplastic composite structure to a thermoplastic or thermoset structure. The invention is especially good for the welding of large parts, such as wind turbine halves and spar caps. A useful thermoplastic composite is one formed by the infusion and curing of long fibers by a reactive acrylic liquid resin system, such as ELIUM® resin systems from Arkema.
A method of reducing foamed density that results in a foamed polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component exhibiting reduced density. The foamed PVC component contains at least a PVC resin and a process aid blend. The process aid blend contains from 1 weight % to 60 weight % (based on the weight of the blend) of a functionalized process aid, and from 99 weight % to 40 weight % (based on the weight of the blend) of a non-functionalized process aid. The functionalized process aid includes at least one base polymer functionalized with a reactive epoxy, hydroxyl, ß-keto ester, ß-keto amide, or carboxylic acid functional group. The foamed PVC component containing the process aid blend has a lower density than a reference foamed PVC component made using the same process conditions and additives, but which contains only non-functionalized process aid and not the functionalized process aid.
A hose coupling guard including a fixture configured to connect to a hose coupling having a release mechanism, and a cover movably connected to the fixture to be movable between a first position and a second position. The cover includes a shield configured to enclose the release mechanism when the cover is in the first position, and to expose the release mechanism when the cover is in the second position. A display surface may be located on the shield and configured to be oriented to face a location from which an operator can operate the release mechanism.
Feeding bees a composition containing at least one oxidizing agent (e.g., peroxide), optionally also containing other components such as an oxidizing agent activator or a viscosifying agent, to treat against, reduce and/or limit the spread of bacterial, virus, and fungi infestation in bees and/or beehives.
A61K 36/00 - Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
A61P 15/00 - Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
A61P 31/00 - Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
21.
ACRYLIC MODIFIED POLYMERIC OPACIFIERS FOR USE IN ORGANIC MEDIA
Disclosed are voided latex particles, useful as opacifying agents for coating compositions containing organic solvents. The particles have a hollow interior, which substantially maintains its integrity after the particles are placed in contact with an organic solvent at 25°C for 30 days. The particles also have a hydrophilic polymeric interior shell surrounding the hollow interior that is swellable with an aqueous swelling solution. The particles have first and second polymeric intermediate shells, surrounding the interior shell, formed from polymers that are different from each other and different from the interior shell polymer. Finally, the particles have an outer polymeric shell, surrounding the interior shells, which is formed from up to 100% by weight, as polymerized units, of methyl methacrylate. The interior shells and the outer shell each have a Tg greater than 60°C. Also disclosed is a multi-stage emulsion process for making the particles.
C08F 285/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to preformed graft polymers
C08L 51/00 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
22.
METHOD TO PURIFY A CRUDE STREAM CONTAINING HYDROCHLOROFLUOROOLEFIN
Disclosed is a method of purifying a stream of crude hydrochlorofluoroolefin refrigerant produced by the reaction of 1,1,3,3 tetrachloropropene (R1230za) or 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (R240fa) with HF. The process includes a step of removing the cis- (Z) isomer by distillation of the crude refrigerant stream prior to a step of reacting the crude refrigerant stream with a base. The reaction with the base is a necessary step in production of the refrigerant and is done to remove HF and residual HCl from the crude refrigerant stream. Removal of the cis- (Z) isomer before the reaction with the base reduces the amount of toxic flammable trifluoropropyne (TFP) that is produced as a side-reaction during the reaction with the base. In addition, temperature control during the reaction with the base is less critical to minimizing the TFP production if the cis- (Z) isomer is first removed.
Disclosed is a step in the purification process of hydrochlorofluoroolefin refrigerants that are made from processes wherein 1,1,3,3 tetrachloropropene (R1230za) or 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane (R240fa) is reacted with HF in excess. The purification process employs a cold-temperature reaction with a base to remove the HF and any HCl. The process prevents an increase in unwanted organic side-products, particularly trifluoropropyne (TPS), and simultaneously does not reduce the amount of the desired hydrochlorofluoroolefin refrigerant produced. The process also can have an optional step whereby hydrochlorofluoroolefin refrigerant and other organics are removed from aqueous process stream or streams resulting from the reaction with the base. The organics removed can be recycled. This optional step advantageously can increase the yield of the desired refrigerant, while decreasing the environmental load of the plant, by purifying the resulting aqueous process streams.
C07C 17/383 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by distillation
24.
CYCLIC ETHER- AND HYDROXYL-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS USEFUL FOR PRODUCING FAST DRY ALKYD POLYMERS AND METHODS FOR MAKING SUCH CYCLIC ETHER- AND HYDROXYL-CONTAINING COMPOSITIONS
An alkyd polymer composition for fast-drying, low VOC applications is provided. The alkyd polymer incorporates a minimum required level of a cyclic ether- and hydroxyl-containing composition formed from a sugar alcohol during the alcoholysis step while synthesizing the alkyd polymer. The disclosure also relates to the cyclic ether- and hydroxyl-containing composition which must have a minimum required level of cyclic ether structure incorporated therein in order to produce a sufficiently fast-drying alkyd polymer. Methods of making the cyclic ether- and hydroxyl-containing composition and the alkyd polymer comprising, as polymerized units, the cyclic ether- and hydroxyl-containing composition and a poly acid and/or an anhydride compound, as well as an optional polyol, other than the sugar alcohol, are also provided. Also provided is a 13C NMR method of characterizing the necessary minimum required level of cyclic ether ring structure in the cyclic ether- and hydroxyl-containing composition and the alkyd polymer formed therefrom.
Disclosed is a method of incorporating a peroxide source that produces reactive oxygen species and optionally also incorporating steam with the peroxide source (or other source of heat), into soil as a method of soil remediation, i.e., to destroy or remove chemical contaminants that pose a threat to plant or animal life. The invention also relates to the use of the peroxide source along with optional steam (or other heat source) or hot vaporized peroxide solution to treat soils, in particular those intended for agriculture, as a pesticide for controlling nematodes, pathogenic fungi, insect pests and bacteria. The peroxide source may be applied to the soil using soil cultivation equipment in order to increase the contact between the peroxide source and the soil or substrate to be treated. The peroxide source and/or steam or other source of heat or hot vaporized peroxide solution can also be applied with injection wells or infiltration galleries, for instance, for the purpose of killing pathogens and also to remediate soil.
Latex emulsions and a process of making the same that incorporates voided latex particles having a core with a hydrophilic component; at least one intermediate shell with, as polymerized units, one or more hydrophilic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, one or more nonionic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, or mixtures thereof; an outer shell formed of a polymer having a Tg of at least 60? C; and a surface treatment applied to the outer shell in which a plurality of silicone oligomers with reactive functional groups are cross-linked with one another in order to provide a cross-linked outer surface. The core and the at least one intermediate shell are contacted with a swelling agent in the presence of less than 0.5% monomer based on the overall weight of the voided latex particles. In addition, one or more of the core, the intermediate shell, or the outer shell includes a surfactant.
C08F 265/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group
27.
ACCELERATED PEROXIDE-CURED RESIN COMPOSITIONS HAVING EXTENDED OPEN TIMES
Curable resin compositions having extended open times at ambient temperatures and short cure times at elevated temperatures are prepared using a curable resin, a combination of room-temperature-stable liquid peroxides (including at least one perketal), a promoter salt, a thiol-functionalized organic accelerator and a free radical trap. The curable resin compositions are useful in pultrusion, cure-in-place pipe and resin transfer molding applications, among others.
Accelerator solutions containing transition metal complexes based on organic ligands having one or more S-C-N, S-C-C-N, or S-C(=S)-S moieties are useful for accelerating the peroxide cure of resins such as unsaturated polyester resins.
C08F 4/06 - Metallic compounds other than hydrides and other than metallo-organic compounds; Boron halide or aluminium halide complexes with organic compounds containing oxygen
C07C 323/25 - Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
C07C 329/00 - Thiocarbonic acids; Halides, esters or anhydrides thereof
C07D 277/32 - Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
29.
DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR PEROXIDE COMPOUNDS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
A peroxide delivery system is produced. The peroxide delivery system includes a dry powder that releases the peroxide quickly and completely when needed. The peroxide delivery system may be produced by combining a liquid peroxide or peroxide solution with an inorganic solid support that is inert to the peroxide and is capable of adsorbing large amounts of the liquid peroxide or peroxide solution while remaining dry to the touch. Methods of combining the inorganic solid support with the liquid peroxide or peroxide solution are disclosed. The peroxide delivery system can be formulated in preparations of powders, liquids, foams, sprays, gels, ointments, creams, sticks, or pastes that can be utilized in a variety of applications such as cleaning, stain removal and antiseptic products, for example.
Polymers containing halogen functionality are prepared by the addition or condensation polymerization of at least one halogenated reactant containing at least two active hydrogen-containing functional groups per molecule and at least one halogenated heteroalkyl or halogenated heteroalkenyl group per molecule and at least one co-reactant containing at least two functional groups reactive with the active hydrogen groups of the at least one halogenated reactant.
A one-pack polymer modifier containing a) at least one process aid functionalized with a reactive epoxy, hydroxyl, ß-keto ester, ß-keto amide or carboxylic acid functional group, b) at least one impact modifier, c) optionally, at least one mineral filler and d) optionally, at least one further additive is useful for modifying the properties of thermoplastic polymers such as PVC, including reducing the surface gloss of an article prepared from the thermoplastic polymer and improving the impact strength of such an article.
A method for synthesizing halogenated organic compounds, such as halogenated alkenyl group-containing and halogenated alkyl group-containing compounds having a heteroatom (e.g., O,N.S) coupled to a carbon atom of a halogenated alkenyl or halogenated alkyl group, involves reacting a halogenated olefin such as a chloro-substituted trifluoropropenyl compound with an active hydrogen-containing organic compound such as an alcohol (e.g., an aliphatic monoalcohol, aliphatic polyalcohol, or a phenolic compound), a primary amine, a secondary amine or a thiol.
C07C 29/62 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
C07C 37/62 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms
C07C 209/74 - Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton from amines, by reactions not involving amino groups, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, or substitution of the carbon skeleton by halogenation, hydrohalogenation, dehalogenation, or dehydrohalogenation
C07C 319/12 - Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of thiols by reactions not involving the formation of mercapto groups
33.
POLYMERS OF HALOALKYL AND HALOALKENYL ETHER (METH)ACRYLATES
A curable composition containing at least one of a haloalkyl ether (meth)acrylate or a haloalkenyl ether (meth)acrylate and, optionally, one or more different types of co-monomers is cured to provide a polymer having advantageous properties as a result of the incorporation of halogenated functionality derived from the haloalkyl/haloalkenyl ether (meth)acrylate monomer.
Copolymers of one or more halogenated olefins and one or more halogenated co-monomers selected from the group consisting of halogenated alkenyl ethers, halogenated alkenyl esters, and halogenated (meth)acrylates are useful in various end-use applications wherein the presence of halogen (e.g., fluorine) in the copolymer imparts one or more desirable properties, as compared to analogous copolymers not containing halogen.
Organopolysulfides such as organodisulfides, organotrisulfides and/or organotetrasulfides are useful stabilizers for polymer compositions, wherein the tendency of a polymer to degrade when exposed to environmental conditions such as heat, light and oxygen may be ameliorated by the incorporation of one or more of such organopolysulfides, optionally together with one or more additional stabilization additives such as a hindered phenol antioxidant, phosp(on)ite stabilizer or hindered amine light stabilizer.
C08J 3/20 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
C08L 27/16 - Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride
C08L 33/00 - Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters,; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
36.
PROCESSES AND SYSTEMS FOR RECOVERING METHANESULFONIC ACID IN PURIFIED FORM
Aspects of the invention relate to systems and processes for recovering methanesulfonic acid, in a purified form, from a composition additionally including sulfur trioxide. In accordance with one aspect, the invention provides a process that includes separating a feed stream comprised of hydrocarbons, methanesulfonic acid, sulfur trioxide, and optionally sulfuric acid to produce a light stream comprised of hydrocarbons and a heavy stream comprised of methanesulfonic acid and sulfur trioxide; contacting (e.g., by mixing) the heavy stream with a reactive additive capable of reacting with sulfur trioxide, under conditions effective to cause reaction of the reactive additive with the sulfur trioxide to produce a heavy reaction product having a boiling point higher than the boiling point of methanesulfonic acid; and separating the heavy stream using a distillation column to produce a distillate stream consisting essentially of methanesulfonic acid and a bottoms stream comprising the heavy reaction product.
A dispersion of an alkyd-containing polymer dispersed in water is used to form a waterborne coating composition; the alkyd-containing polymer being an acrylic-modified alkyd polymer, a silicone-acrylic-modified alkyd polymer, or a mixture thereof. The resulting waterborne coating composition includes about 2 to about 30 % by weight of one or more thermal insulating fillers with the remainder being the alkyd-containing dispersion, such that the coating composition contains about 30 to about 80% by weight of the water and about 2 to about 50% by weight of the alkyd-containing polymer. The coating applied therefrom exhibits at least one of the following properties: a thermal conductivity that is less than 100 mW/mK; a weight retention of at least 70% after being heated up to 400C as measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with a heating rate of 20C/min.; or a weight loss of less than 50% up to a temperature of 470C as measured by the TGA.
The present disclosure is directed to refrigerant compositions having reduced flammability profiles. The reduced flammability refrigerants comprise a refrigerant and an additive. Also disclosed are methods of increasing the minimum ignition energy of a refrigerant and methods of increasing the lower flammability limit of a refrigerant. The present disclosure is also directed to a method of scavenging radicals in a refrigerant.
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
C09K 5/00 - Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
C09K 5/02 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
39.
PREVENTION OF DISEASES IN HONEYBEES AND REDUCTION OF PESTICIDE RESIDUES IN BEESWAX
A beeswax and/or beehive or bee keeping equipment surface is treated with a composition containing at least one solvent, at least one surfactant and at least one oxidizing agent (e.g., peroxide), optionally also containing other components such as an oxidizing agent activator, a viscosifying agent, an enzyme and/or a pH control agent, to reduce the amount of pesticide residues on the beeswax surface and/or disinfect against any bacterial, viruses, and fungi infestation.
Aspects of the invention relate to systems and processes for recovering R1233zd in purified form from compositions additionally comprising hydrogen fluoride. In accordance with one aspect, the invention provides a process that includes separating a feed stream comprised of hydrogen fluoride and R1233zd using azeotropic distillation in a first distillation column to produce a first distillate stream comprised of hydrogen fluoride and R1233zd and a first bottoms stream consisting essentially of hydrogen fluoride. The first distillation column is operated at a first pressure. The process further includes separating the first distillate stream using azeotropic distillation in a second distillation column to produce a second distillate stream comprised of hydrogen fluoride and R1233zd and a second bottoms stream consisting essentially of R1233zd. The second distillation column is operated at a second pressure that may be different than the first pressure of the first distillation column.
An organic peroxide composition is provided which is liquid or near liquid at 25°C or a low melting solid and which includes at least one ethylenically unsaturated organic peroxide (i.e., an organic peroxide containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond) and at least one saturated organic peroxide. The organic peroxide composition may further include at least one mono- and/or poly-unsaturated compound and at least one free-radical trap. The organic peroxide can be blended into a polymer such as a powdered or granular polyethylene resin. This peroxide-containing polymer can be used in rotational molding, wherein the polymer is added to a mold which is heated in an oven with rotation, thereby melting the polymer and coating the inside of the mold.
Photocurable compositions useful in the fabrication of 3D printed articles are formulated to contain a) at least one of a photoinitiator or a photo-releasable base and b) at least one t-amyl peroxide, in addition to at least one photocurable compound.
G03F 7/031 - Organic compounds not covered by group
G03F 7/00 - Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printed surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
G03F 7/028 - Non-macromolecular photopolymerisable compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. ethylenic compounds with photosensitivity-increasing substances, e.g. photoinitiators
G03F 7/038 - Macromolecular compounds which are rendered insoluble or differentially wettable
Metal-sulfur batteries, such as lithium-sulfur batteries, are prepared using one or more organosulfur species such as organic polysulfides and organic polythiolates as part of the liquid or gel electrolyte solution, as part of the cathode, as part of the anode (or used to treat the anode), and/or as part of a functionalized porous polymer providing an intermediate separator element.
A thermal insulating additive, product formed therefrom, and method of making the same, wherein the thermal insulating additive comprises a plurality of hollow polymeric particles having an average particle size up to about 0.3 micrometers. The hoi low polymeric particles exhibit a mechanical strength in a compression test up to about 420 psi and a thermal conductivity that is less than 0.150 W/m-k. The hollow polymeric particles are individually formed as an alkaline swellable core that is at least partially encapsulated with two or more shell layers; the alkaline swellable core prior to swelling exhibits an average particle size that is less than about 50 nanometers.
B29C 44/34 - Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
B29C 44/54 - Feeding the material to be shaped into an open space or onto moving surfaces, i.e. to make articles of indefinite length in the form of expandable particles or beads
B29C 70/66 - Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only the filler comprising hollow constituents, e.g. syntactic foam
E04B 1/74 - Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
G01N 3/08 - Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
G01N 3/56 - Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
45.
ALKYD POLYMER COMPOSITIONS AND PRODUCT FORMULATIONS FORMED THEREFROM
An alkyd polymer composition for use in low volatile organic compound (VOC) containing products that exhibits a Gardner-Holt viscosity with 30 weight % mineral spirits at 25°C that is less than or equal to Z4, a dry-hard time of less than 10 hours when tested with metal driers according to ASTM D 1640-03, and a clear appearance. The alkyd polymer composition includes, as polymerized units an alkyd polymer of one or more fatty acids; a sugar alcohol having at least 6 carbon atoms; a polyol with four or more hydroxyl functional groups; and an aromatic polyacid with two carboxylic acid groups located in a meta-position relative to one another. The alkyd polymer composition includes at least one aliphatic oxide ring having one or more peaks located between 75 to 90 ppm as measured using C13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
C09D 133/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
C08G 63/12 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
C09D 167/00 - Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
Incorporating a cycloaliphatic epoxide such as cyclohexene oxide into a polyol pre-mix containing an amine catalyst and a halogenated hydroolefin blowing agent such as HCFO-1233zd helps to improve the storage-stability of the pre-mix and to ensure that a thermoset foam prepared therefrom is of satisfactory quality.
A method of forming latex composite polymer particles produces hydrolysis resistant, composite polymer particles that can be used in aqueous latex compositions. Each of the latex composite polymer particles includes a first phase comprising a vinyl ester oligomer or polymer; optionally, an intermediate phase; and at least one second phase comprising an acrylic oligomer or polymer, a styrene oligomer or polymer, an acrylic-styrene copolymer, or mixtures thereof. The second phase and/or the intermediate phase at least partially encapsulates the first phase. The intermediate and second phases are more hydrophobic than the first phase. Optionally, the first phase, the second phase, and/or the intermediate phase may further comprise a cross-linking agent.
C08F 285/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to preformed graft polymers
C08F 265/04 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group on to polymers of esters
C08F 265/06 - Polymerisation of acrylate or methacrylate esters on to polymers thereof
C08L 51/00 - Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
Evaporation of water from an aqueous dispersion of a solid peroxide such as benzoyl peroxide is retarded by the incorporation of carboxylic acid salt. The carboxylic acid salt renders the aqueous dispersion less susceptible to explosive decomposition when exposed to external triggering events such as impact, heat, friction or contamination, yet does not interfere with the ability to achieve and maintain a stable, small particle size dispersion having desirable viscosity and flow properties.
A highly efficient and effective process for destroying organic contaminants in wastewater streams, without the need for supercritical oxidation conditions, is provided.
A plastic container configured to store and/or transport liquids, including chemicals such as organic peroxide, includes a top portion, a base portion, and a sidewall that extends between the top portion and the base portion. The top portion has a vent spout and a main spout. The top portion also has a front surface portion having a slanted face and a lip that extends radially from the main spout away from the slanted face. Additionally, the top portion has an integrated handle that defines a maximum handle length that is approximately half of the maximum container length. The base portion has an interior surface and an exterior surface. The exterior surface defines a handle recess.
B65D 1/00 - Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations p
B65D 1/02 - Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
B65D 1/42 - Reinforcing or strengthening parts or members
B65D 25/22 - External fittings for facilitating lifting or suspending of containers
A method of reducing gloss that results in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) component that exhibits a reduced level of surface gloss; wherein, the PVC or other thermoplastic resin component comprises: a PVC resin; one or more process aids comprising at least one base polymer with one or more of the process aids being functionalized with about 0.5 wt. % to about 35 wt.% of a reactive epoxy, hydroxyl, or carboxylic acid functional group based on the total weight of the process aids; and optionally, at least one impact modifier. The PVC or other thermoplastic resin component exhibits a gloss reduction of at least 5 points measured at an angle of 85 degrees or less when compared to a similar PVC component in which the process aids are not functionalized.
C08L 27/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
C08L 33/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
C08L 33/10 - Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
Encapsulated peroxide particles inhibit skin inflammation. A method of encapsulating a solid peroxide comprises dispersing solid peroxide particles (e.g., benzoyl peroxide) in an aqueous dispersion of fatty acid salt to form a peroxide/fatty acid salt dispersion, wherein the peroxide particles have a mean particle size (D50) of 10 µm or less; and subsequently encapsulating the solid peroxide particles by reacting the one or more monovalent fatty acid salts with one or more multivalent salts of calcium, magnesium, aluminum, silver, and/or zinc, thereby forming encapsulated peroxide particles.
Emulsion polymers and coating compositions made therefrom that exhibit exceptional roller stability and stain resistance to both hydrophilic and hydrophobic stains, without sacrificing scrub resistance. The emulsion polymers include, as polymerized units formed at a pH between 3 and 9: a) at least one nonionic or anionic unsaturated monomer in an amount ranging between about 78 wt. % to less than 100 wt.% based on the overall weight of the polymer composition b) one or more strong acid monomer in an amount ranging from about 0.01 wt. % to 2 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition; and c) at least one lower alkyl acrylate monomer in an amount ranging between about 1 wt. % to 20 wt. % based on the overall weight of the polymer composition.
Emulsion polymers and coating compositions made therefrom that exhibit exceptional stain resistance to both hydrophilic and hydrophobic stains. The emulsion polymers include, as polymerized units: a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated nonionic monomer in an amount ranging between about 85 wt. % to less than 100 wt.% based on the overall weight of the polymer composition; b) a first acid monomer in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to 2 wt.%, the first monomer being a strong acid monomer selected as a phosphorus-based acid monomer, a sulfur-based acid monomer, or a mixture thereof, and c) a second acid monomer in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to 2 wt.%, the second monomer being one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers having at least one carboxyl or carboxylic anhydride functional group. The relative amounts of the first and second acid monomers are such that the ratio of b/c is greater than 0.7.
Coating compositions including a binder agent are disclosed. The binder agent is formed of a fluorocopolymer and a non-fluorinated film-forming polymer. Methods of coating cables with the coating compositions are also described herein.
C09D 127/12 - Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
56.
PROCESS FOR MAKING TETRACHLOROPROPENE BY CATALYZED GAS-PHASE DEHYDROCHLORINATION OF PENTACHLOROPROPANE
The present disclosure relates to catalyzed gas-phase dehydrochlorination of a pentachloropropane to form a tetrachloropropene with high selectivity and purity.
A polyol pre-mix containing at least one halogenated hydroolefin blowing agent and having improved shelf life stability is provided, wherein each polyol combined with the halogenated hydroolefin blowing agent has an apparent pH of between 3 and 11.4. Controlling the apparent pH of the polyol(s) enables the polyol pre-mix to be stored for extended periods of time and then used in combination with organic polyisocyanate to produce foam formulations having gel times and tack free times not significantly different from those exhibited when freshly prepared polyol pre-mix is used.
C08J 3/20 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
The wet adhesion of a coating composition may be improved through the use of voided latex particles as opacifying agents which contain a hollow interior as well as an outer shell of a polymer containing functional groups such as amino, 1,3-diketo, urea or ureido. Other types of functional groups may be introduced to the outer shell polymer in order to vary other desired characteristics of the coating. The voided latex particles are non-film-forming.
A water soluble polymer or polymeric adduct has a backbone comprising a plurality of segments with amine functional groups and hydroxyl functional groups with a number average molecular weight in the range of about 500 to about 1,000,000 Daltons. The polymeric adduct may be formed as an addition product by reacting at least one multifunctional amine compound reacted with a one or more polyfunctional epoxy compounds and/or one or more monofunctional epoxy compounds, such that there are 1.3 to 3.8 reactive amine functional groups per reactive epoxy functional group. An aqueous solution of the polymer or polymeric adduct has a viscosity in the range of about 100 centipoise to about 100,000 centipoise and a pH value of about 8 to about 12 when the solution comprises 70 wt.% of the polymer or polymeric adduct dissolved in water. The polymeric adducts are useful fast setting additives for an emulsion product due to excellent stability when blended with an anionically stabilized latex.
C08J 3/07 - Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media from polymer solutions
A latex product composition that includes an anionicaily-stabilized latex; at least one volatile base compound; and one or more water soluble, polymers or polymeric adducts that have a backbone with a plurality of amine functional groups and hydroxyl functional groups. The polymers or polymeric adducts may be an addition product formed from at least one multifunctional amine compound reacted with one or more polyfunctional epoxy compounds, one or more monofunctional epoxy compounds, or a combination thereof. The polymers or polymeric adducts are formed by the addition reaction of the amine compound and the one or more epoxy compounds with 1.3 to 3.8 amine functional group per epoxy functional group. The addition product may be present in about 0.1 to 15.0 wt. % and the at least one volatile base compound is present in about 1.0 wt. % to 10.0 wt. % based on the weight of the particles present in the anionicaily-stabilized latex.
C08L 79/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups
C09D 179/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups
A latex product composition that includes an anionically-stabilized latex and one or more water soluble, polymers or polymeric adducts that have a backbone with a plurality of amine functional groups and hydroxyl functional groups. The polymers or polymeric adducts may be an addition product formed from at least one multifunctional amine compound reacted with one or more polyfunctional epoxy compounds, one or more monofunctional epoxy compounds, or a combination thereof. The amine compound and the one or more epoxy compounds are reacted to form polymers or polymeric adducts with the molar equivalent ratio of 1.3 to 3.8 amine functional group per epoxy functional group. The addition product may be present in about 0.1 to 15.0 wt. % and the at least one volatile base compound is present in about 1.0 wt. % to 10.0 wt. % based on the weight of the particles present in the anionically-stabilized latex.
C08L 79/00 - Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups
C09D 179/00 - Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups
The present invention provides stable organic peroxide compositions that include at least one dye, for example, an FD&C dye (e.g., FD&C Blue #1 and/or FD&C Red #40 and/or FD&C Red #3 and/or FD&C Yellow #6). In one aspect of the invention, colored organic peroxide compositions are stabilized by the addition of at least one alcohol. The end uses of the organic peroxide compositions of the present invention are not particularly limited. For example, the organic peroxide compositions may be used in the manufacture of polymers. In some preferred embodiments, use of the colored peroxides disclosed herein provides color to the final product, including composites. In other embodiments, the use of colored peroxides provides visual confirmation that the proper peroxide was used in the appropriate concentration.
There is described An organic peroxide formulation comprising: at least one organic peroxide; at least one sulfur-containing compound, at least one nitroxide-containing compound, and at least one quinone-containing compound. Also described is A solid organic peroxide powder formulation for curing a solid elastomer in the full or partial presence of oxygen, comprising: at least one organic peroxide selected from the group consisting of 1,1- di(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)hexane, dicumyl peroxide, m/p-di(t-butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene, and t-butylcumylperoxide, and at least one sulfur-containing compound which is benzothiazyl disulfide and at least one additional sulfur-containing compound in the amount of 5 to 45 wt %.
A latex particle comprises an interior core and an outer shell. The core comprises an acrylic or vinyl polymer, and the shell comprises a water soluble alkyd polymer and at least one surfactant. Substantially all or all of the alkyd polymer is present in the shell of the latex particle and substantially none or none or the alkyd polymer is present in the core of the latex particle. Also described is a process for making the latex particle wherein the water soluble alkyd polymer is present as a co-surfactant during polymerization.
AQUEOUS NON-EMULSIFIED BREAKER COMPOSITION COMPRISING TERTBUTYL HYDROXIDE AND A SELECT ALCOHOL, WHICH COMPOSITION PREVENTS REHEALING OF A FRACTURING FLUID
A breaker composition for use in a fracturing fluid comprises water, at least one peroxide (e.g., tert-butyl hydroperoxide), and optionally at least one alcohol (e.g., propylene glycol and/or a butyl alcohol). The peroxide(s) and optional alcohol(s) are present in amounts effective to reduce the viscosity of a fracturing fluid at a temperature of 90-300F (the "breaking temperature"), and to prevent rehealing of the fracturing fluid, i.e., to maintain the reduced viscosity for a period of time after the temperature is reduced from the breaking temperature to a temperature below the breaking temperature (e.g., after the temperature is reduced from the breaking temperature to room temperature).
A process for forming voided latex particles is improved by combining swelling and polymerization of an outer shell into a single step. The process includes contacting multi-stage emulsion polymer particles comprising a core, at least one intermediate shell, with a swelling agent, and polymerizing an outer shell after said contacting with swelling agent wherein the core and the at least one intermediate shell are contacted with swelling agent in the presence of less than 0.5% monomer based on the weight of the multi-stage emulsion polymer particles, and substantially all of the swelling occurs during polymerization of the outer shell.
A process for forming voided latex particles is improved by combining swelling and polymerization of an outer shell into a single step. The process includes contacting multi-stage emulsion polymer particles comprising a core, at least one intermediate shell, with a swelling agent, and polymerizing an outer shell after said contacting with swelling agent wherein the core and the at least one intermediate shell are contacted with swelling agent in the presence of less than 0.5% monomer based on the weight of the multi-stage emulsion polymer particles, and substantially all of the swelling occurs during polymerization of the outer shell.
B01J 13/00 - Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
C08J 5/02 - Direct processing of dispersions, e.g. latex, to articles
The invention relates to a process for separating monochloro-trifluoropropenes such as HCFC-1233 from azeotrope or azeotrope like combinations with HF. The process employs a cold, liquid phase separations and multiple azeotropic distillation trains.
A thermoplastic composition comprises a thermoplastic resin (e.g., PVC) and less than 4.0 parts of a core-shell impact modifier per 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic resin, wherein the core-shell impact modifier has a rubber content of at least 90%. A core-shell impact modifier composition comprises core-shell impact modifier particles having a rubber content that is greater than 92 wt% of the core-shell impact modifier particles. Articles of manufacture made from the thermoplastic compositions are also disclosed.
C08L 27/06 - Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
C08J 3/20 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
C08L 53/00 - Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
This invention relates to the use of chloro-trifluoropropenes as refrigerants in negative-pressure liquid chillers and methods of replacing an existing refrigerant in a chiller with chloro-trifluoropropenes. The chloro-trifluoropropenes, particularly 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, have high efficiency and unexpectedly high capacity in liquid chiller applications and are useful as more environmentally sustainable refrigerants for such applications, including the replacement of R-123 and R-11.
The disclosure provides a process for the manufacture of trans 1-chloro3,3,3-trifluoropropene (trans 1233zd) by fluorinating 1230za and/or 240fa to a cis/trans mixture of 1233zd, separating the trans isomer followed by an isomerization of cis 1233zd to trans 1233zd in the fluorination step. The fluorination step is carried out in the gas phase or the liquid phase. The isomerization is carried out in the gas phase with a high surface area heterogeneous Cr catalyst, supported or unsupported.
Disclosed is a combination of hydrofluoroolefins and/or hydrochlorofluoroolefins with stabilizers wherein the stabilizers minimize the degradation of the hydrofluoroolefins and hydrochlorofluoroolefins during storage, handling and use yet allow for atmospheric degradation. The combinations exhibit low or zero ozone depletion potential and lower global warming potential making them of interest as replacements for chlorofluorocarbons and hydrfluorocarbons. The combinations of the present invention comprise hydrofluoroolefins and/or hydrochlorofluoroolefins in combination with a stabilizer or stabilizers selected from free radical scavengers, acid scavengers, oxygen scavengers, polymerization inhibitors and combinations thereof.
The disclosure provides a process for the manufacture of trans 1-chloro3,3,3-trifluoropropene (trans 1233zd) by fluorinating 1230za and/or 240fa to a cis/trans mixture of 1233zd, separating the trans isomer followed by an isomerization of cis 1233zd to trans 1233zd in the fluorination step. The fluorination step is carried out in the gas phase or the liquid phase. The isomerization is carried out in the gas phase with a high surface area heterogeneous Cr catalyst, supported or unsupported.
A water-borne, urethane and acrylic modified alkyd dispersion, wherein the dispersion is substantially surfactant free and has less than 1 weight % volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is described. Additionally, a method for preparing a water-borne, substantially surfactant free, urethane and acrylic modified alkyd dispersion, with less than 1 weight % VOC, is described. In the method, an acrylic modified alkyd polymer is reacted with a basic compound in water to form an acrylic modified alkyd dispersion having a first viscosity and then a hydrophobic seed is added thereto to form a urethane and acrylic modified alkyd dispersion having a second viscosity, which is substantially less than the first viscosity.
C08L 67/08 - Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with natural resins or resin acids
C08J 3/03 - Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
C08J 3/24 - Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
C08L 33/14 - Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
The present invention relates to an improved modified polyamide having increased molecular weight and substantially the same or marginally increased viscosity versus shear weight as the unmodified polyamide. A method for modifying polyamides to provide these improved properties also is disclosed wherein a polyamide having an initial molecular weight is contacted with at least one organic peroxide, at least one coagent and/or one free-radical trap to form an improved polyamide having an increased molecular weight and substantially the same viscosity versus shear rate. The present disclosure also relates to polyamide compositions comprising organic peroxides and articles made from the modified polyamide.
C08L 77/00 - Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
C08G 69/48 - Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
The present invention relates to the preparation of a thermoplastic fluoropolymer blend composition exhibiting improved mechanical properties upon fabrication. The fluoropolymer blend composite on is produced by blending an emulsion latex of fluoropolymer (A) with an emulsion latex of fluorinated copolymer (B). Copolymer (B) emulsion has a small particle size, super high MW, and a low degree of crystallinity. The blending of the latex emulsions results in a morphology with small particles of copolymer (B) uniformly distributed within a matrix of fluoropolymer (A) in a manner that could not be achieved by a mere melt blending of the tow components.
The viscosity of aqueous dispersions of normally solid organic peroxides may be advantageously lowered through the use of surfactants which are polyglyceryl esters of C6-C12 fatty acids. The reduction in viscosity facilitates milling the peroxides to reduce particle size and also provides dispersions of small particle size peroxides which may be readily poured or pumped. The aqueous dispersions are useful as components of pharmaceutical, personal care, and cleaning products and the like and are effective decolorizing agents for food products, industrial products and the like.
The efficacy of peroxy compounds such as hydrogen peroxide in bleaching compositions and the like may be enhanced by the presence of manganese carboxylates containing branched chain carboxylate and/or tartrate groups. The invention relates to the activation of peroxy compounds using particular types of manganese carboxylates so as to render such compounds more effective in bleaching stains from substrate surfaces and other such applications.
The present invention relates to imidazole and/or its derivative as polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam catalyst in the presence of Low Global Warming Potential (GWP) halogenated olefinic blowing agents, such as the hydrochlorofluoroolefin (HCFO) HCF0-1233zd. More particularly, the present invention relates to catalyst compositions comprising imidazole and/or its derivative. The present invention further relates to the stable pre-blend formulations and resulting polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams. A method for stabilizing thermosetting foam blends comprises combining: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre-mix composition comprising a halogenated olefinic blowing agent, a polyol, a surfactant and a catalyst.
C08J 3/20 - Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
Hydrofluoroolefins and hydrochlorofluoroolefins contaminated with acid and/or iron compounds are purified and stabilized by contacting the haloolefin with a solid adsorbent such as alumina and then combining the purified haloolefin with one or more stabilizers such as an epoxide. The purified, stabilized haloolefins thus obtained are useful in a wide variety of end-use applications, including, for example, as refrigerants, propellants, foaming agents, fire suppression or extinguishing agents, and solvents.
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
C09K 3/30 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
A process for crosslinking an elastomer composition in the presence of an organic peroxide formulation is disclosed. The organic peroxide formulation may comprise additional compounds chosen from bis-, tri- and higher poly-maleimides, bis-, tri- and higher poly-citraconimides, peroxide-crosslinkable silicone elastomers, p-phenylenediamine based antiozonants, sulfur containing organic compounds which are accelerators for the sulfur curing (crosslinking) of polymers which are curable/crosslinkable by sulfur, and polysulfide polymers. Methods of manufacturing elastomer articles, methods of reducing mold-fouling, elastomer compositions, and elastomer articles made from the elastomer compositions are also disclosed.
The addition of at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of erythorbate salts, isoascorbate salts, and combinations thereof to an aqueous treatment fluid containing a viscosifying polymer and a peroxide helps to promote the activity of the peroxide as a breaker, thus facilitating a reduction in viscosity of the aqueous treatment fluid at lower temperatures than are possible in the absence of the promoter. The promoted aqueous treatment fluid is useful as a fracture fluid to fracture subterranean formations in oil and gas recovery.
The addition of at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of thiosulfate salts, sulfite salts, bisulfite salts, erythorbate salts, isoascorbate salts, and combinations thereof to an aqueous treatment fluid containing a viscosifying polymer and a peroxide helps to promote the activity of the peroxide as a breaker, thus facilitating a reduction in viscosity of the aqueous treatment fluid at lower temperatures than are possible in the absence of the promoter. The promoted aqueous treatment fluid is useful as a fracture fluid to fracture subterranean formations in oil and gas recovery.
The invention relates to integrated electrode separators (IES), and their use in lithium ion batteries as replacements for free standing separators. The IES results from coating an electrode with a fluoropolymer aqueous-based emulsion or suspension, and drying the coating to produce a tough, porous separator layer on the electrodes. The aqueous fluoropolymer coating may optionally contain dispersed inorganic particles and other additives to improve electrode performance such as higher ionic conduction or higher temperature use. The IES provides several advantages, including a thinner, more uniform separator layer, and the elimination of a separate battery component (separator membrane) for a simpler and cost-saving manufacturing process. The aqueous separator coating can be used in combination with a solvent cast electrode as well as an aqueous cast electrode either in two separate process steps, or in a one-step process.
A polyol pre-mix composition includes a blowing agent having a halogenated hydroolefin, a polyol, a catalyst composition, and an antioxidant. The antioxidant may be, for example, a benzene diol or a benzene triol or other polyhydroxy-substituted aromatic compound, which is optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as alkyl groups. A two-part system for producing a thermosetting foam blend includes (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, one or more isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) the polyol pre-mix composition. A method for producing a thermosetting foam blend includes combining: (a) a polyisocyanate; and (b) the polyol pre-mix composition.
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
C08G 18/18 - Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
The viscosity of aqueous dispersions of normally solid organic peroxides may be advantageously lowered through the use of surfactants which are polyglyceryl esters of C6-C12 fatty acids. The reduction in viscosity facilitates milling the peroxides to reduce particle size and also provides dispersions of small particle size peroxides which may be readily poured or pumped.
Metal-sulfur batteries, such as lithium-sulfur batteries, are prepared using one or more organosulfur species such as organic polysulfides and organic polythiolates as part of the liquid or gel electrolyte solution, as part of the cathode, and/or as part of a functionalized porous polymer providing an intermediate separator element.
A method for removing a contaminant from a hydrochlorofhioroolefin (such as trans- 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloro-2-propene (1233zd(E))) includes extracting a chlorofluorocarbon (such as trichlorofluoromethane (R11)) from a mixture comprising the hydrochlorofhioroolefin and the chlorofluorocarbon using extractive distillation in the presence of an extractive solvent comprising a chlorinated compound to form a purified hydrochlorofhioroolefin. This separation method provides for removal of a contaminant, such as R11, from a hydrochlorofhioroolefin, such as 1232zd(E), which are not separable by conventional distillation methods. The method may employ a process utilizing two distillation columns, for example, a first extractive distillation column and a second solvent recovery column, which allows for recycle of the extractive solvent to the first extractive distillation column.
Latex binders useful for preparing zero or low VOC coating compositions having excellent freeze-thaw stability, good tint strength and good scrub resistance when cured may be obtained using a polymerizable polyalkylene glycol monomer such as polyethylene glycol methacrylate in combination with one or both of an emulsifier or a polymerizable polyalkylene glycol monomer containing bulky hydrophobic groups substituted on an aromatic ring.
C09D 151/08 - Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C09D 133/00 - Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, a; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
90.
POLYMER LATEX BINDERS USEFUL IN ZERO OR LOW VOC COATING COMPOSITIONS
Polymer latex binders useful for preparing coating compositions containing low levels of, or which are substantially free of, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as volatile freeze-thaw additives are prepared by multistage emulsion polymerization, wherein one stage provides a copolymer having a relatively high glass transition temperature and containing an oxyalkylene-containing (meth)acrylate comonomer.
C08F 293/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
C08F 283/06 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
C09D 151/08 - Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C09D 153/00 - Coating compositions based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
91.
MULTIPHASE EMULSION POLYMERS FOR AQUEOUS COATING COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING LITTLE OR NO ORGANIC SOLVENT
A multiphase emulsion polymer for aqueous coating compositions containing little or no organic solvent includes at least one soft phase and at least one hard phase prepared by a multi-stage emulsion polymerization. The hard phase contains a hard phase polymer having a glass transition temperature in a range from I0C to 100C which is more than 50C higher than that of the soft phase polymer. The hard phase is formed as a first stage polymer and the one soft phase is subsequently polymerized in the presence of the first stage polymer. The hard phase polymer includes at least one carboxylic acid monomer and at least one ethylenically unstaturated monomer. A method of making a multiphase emulsion polymer for aqueous coating compositions containing zero or low levels of organic solvent is disclosed. Such aqueous coating compositions may simultaneously have excellent block resistance, freeze thaw stability and low temperature coalescence characteristics.
C08F 293/00 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule
C09D 153/00 - Coating compositions based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
92.
IMPROVED SHELF LIFE OF POLYOL BLENDS CONTAINING HALOGENATED OLEFINS BY ENCAPSULATION OF ACTIVE COMPONENTS
The shelf life of polyurethane polyol pre-blends containing halogenated olefins is extended by encapsulation of active components such as catalysts and/or surfactants. The active component is encapsulated in a crystallizable or thermoplastic polymer. The encapsulated particles have a size of 2,800 microns or less and the active components are not significantly leaked out, particularly in the presence of halogenated olefins.
C08J 9/04 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
A process for the synthesis of hydrocchlorofluoro olefins (HCFO) and/or hydrofluoroolefins (HFO). The process is based on the steps of fluorination of hydrochloropropenes or hydrochloropropanes to form hydrochlorofluoropropenes and/or hydrofluoropropenes, followed by gas phase, catalytic fluorination of the hydrochlorofluoropropenes to form hydrofluoropropenes. The process produces 1,1, 1,2- tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf) from "feedstock" such as tetrachloropropenes, 1,1,2,3 tetrachloropropene (HCO-1230xa) and/or 1,1,1,2 tetrachloropropene (HCO-1230xf) or pentachloropropanes, HCC-240db, HCC-240aa and/or HCC-240ab which are precursors of the tetrachloropropenes. The process of the present invention comprises the steps of: a) liquid phase or gas phase fluorination of tetrachloropropene (which may be formed via gas phase fluorination of pentachloropropane), in the presence or absence of homogenous or heterogeneous catalyst; to form the intermediate product HCFO- 1233xf and thereafter b) gas phase, catalytic fluorination of the intermediate HCFO-1233xf to form the hydrofluoropropene product 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf).
Disinfectant compositions include 0.001 to 10% by weight of hydrogen peroxide or a hydrogen peroxide source based on the total weight of the composition; 0.001 to 20% by weight of at least one amphoteric surfactant based on the total weight of the composition; and 0.001 to 15% by weight of at least one alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of a cyclic or heterocyclic aromatic compound comprising at least one hydroxyl group, carboxylic group, or combination thereof based on the total weight of the composition. The disinfectant compositions are particularly effective at treating surfaces contaminated with resistant bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus at a fast killing rate.
A01N 59/00 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
A01N 25/30 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
A01N 37/40 - Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio-analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio-anal having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio-analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
A01P 1/00 - Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
Azeotrope-like compositions comprise 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane and E-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (E-1233zd) and uses thereof, such as refrigerant compositions, refngeration systems, blowing agent compositions, solvent, and aerosol propellants. Compositions help to satisfy the continuing need for alternatives to CFCs and HCFCs. Compositions tend both to be non-flammable and to exhibit relatively low global warming potentials ("GWPs"). Such compositions can be used to great advantage in a number of applications, including as replacements for CFCs, HCFCs, and HFCs in refrigerant, aerosol, and other applications.
C07C 41/46 - Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
C09K 3/30 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
The present invention relates to non-flammable compositions comprising chlorotrifluoropropene with reduced risk of flammability which are useful as refrigerants, heat transfer fluids, solvents, cleaners, blowing agents, aerosols, extraction fluids, and the like.
C07C 17/42 - Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
C09K 3/30 - Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
C09K 5/04 - Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa
A stable polyol pre-mix composition comprises a blowing agent, a polyol, a surfactant, and a catalyst composition comprising an oxygen -containing amine catalyst. The oxygen-containing amine catalyst may be, an alkanol amine, an ether amine, or a morpholine group. containing compound such as, 2.(2.dimethylaminoethoxy)ethanol or N.N.N'.trimethylaminoethylethanolamine. A stabilized thermosetting foam blend comprises: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre. mix composition. A method for stabilizing thermosetting foam blends comprises combining: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre. mix composition. A polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foam having uniform cell structure with little or no foam collapse comprises a mixture of: (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, one or more isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) a polyol pre-mix composition. The resultant polyurethane or polyisocyanurate foams have uniform cell structure with little or no foam collapse.
C08G 18/18 - Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
A polyol pre-mix composition includes a blowing agent having a halogenated hydroolefin, a polyol, a surfactant, a catalyst composition, and a metal salt. The metal salt may be, for example, a carboxylate, acetylacetonate, alcoholate of a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Co, Ca, and Mg. The metal salt may be, for example, a carboxylate and/or alcoholate of a C1-C21 straight chain or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acid or monoalcohol, such as magnesium formate, zinc octoate, calcium octoate, cobalt octoate, and magnesium octoate, and mixtures thereof. The metal acetylacetonate may be, for example, zinc acetylacetonate, cobalt acetylacetonate, magnesium acetylacetonate, or calcium acetylacetonate. A two-part system for producing a thermosetting foam blend includes (a) a polyisocyanate and, optionally, one or more isocyanate compatible raw materials; and (b) the polyol pre-mix composition. A method for producing a thermosetting foam blend includes combining: (a) a polyisocyanate; and (b) the polyol pre-mix composition.
C08G 18/18 - Catalysts containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof
C08J 9/14 - Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
The invention relates to heat treatment of polymorphic semicrystalline or crystallizable polymers to increase the content of the highest melting crystalline form. Such heat treatment results in a polymer powder that has a consistent, uniform melting range, improved flow and improved durability of the powder particle size for applications that require powder flow at elevated temperatures. In addition to improved powder properties, the articles produced from the powders also exhibit better physical properties in both appearance and in mechanical properties. Thus the invention also includes polymer powders and articles produced by the described processes.
A hydrogen peroxide composition comprises hydrogen peroxide, a stabilizer system comprising a colloidal stannate, at least one acidifying agent or a salt thereof selected from the group consisting of sulfur-containing acidifying agents, nitric acid, and mixtures and salts thereof. Optionally, the hydrogen peroxide composition comprises an organic phosphonic acid or a salt thereof, such as amino-phosphonate, and/or a free radical scavenger, such as salicylic acid. A cleaning formulation comprises the hydrogen peroxide composition, a pH adjusting agent, and optionally other additives, such as surfactants. The cleaning formulation may be made by mixing the hydrogen peroxide or a precursor thereof, water, colloidal stannate, and at least one acidifying agent, and optionally, adjusting the pH to achieve an alkaline pH.
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