An antenna and electronic device including the antenna are described. The antenna includes a balun including a first side and a second side, the first side and the second side each having a first end for electrical connection to a surface of a printed circuit board and a second end coupling to one or more radiating elements for communicating signals over a wireless network. The antenna further includes a first and second radiating element, each having a first portion coupled at one end to the end of the first and second side of the balun respectively and extending in opposite directions away from the balun perpendicular to the surface of the printed circuit board. Further, each radiating element having a second portion coupled to the first portion and extending in a direction perpendicular to the plane of each of the first portions.
A method and apparatus for controlling tuners in a content distribution system is described. The method and apparatus receive a request from a user device for a program stream over a local network at a receiver device that includes a join request at a network address. The method and apparatus further identify a channel associated with the network address, the channel being one of the channels received by the receiver device from a content service provider. The method and apparatus also determine if the identified channel is already tuned by a tuner in the receiver device. The method and apparatus additionally tune the channel using a tuner not currently being used if it is determined that the identified channel is not already tuned and provide the program stream from the tuned channel at the network address to the user device.
An apparatus and accompanying antenna assembly is described. The apparatus includes a circuit that processes a communication signal received and/or transmitted wirelessly over a network and an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly includes a printed circuit board having a set of conductive elements forming an antenna structure on at least one of a top surface and a bottom surface of the printed circuit board, the printed circuit board further including one or more additional conductive elements at least partially surrounding the antenna structure. The antenna assembly further includes a conductive plate positioned parallel to the bottom surface of the printed circuit board, the conductive plate supporting the printed circuit board at a fixed distance from the conductive plate using one or more conductive mechanical support elements. The one or more additional conductive elements are coupled to the conductive plate through the one or more conductive mechanical support elements.
H01Q 9/16 - Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
H01Q 19/10 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
H01Q 21/26 - Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
H01Q 9/28 - Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
4.
ANTENNA ASSEMBLY FOR USE IN A COMMUNICATION DEVICE
An apparatus and accompanying antenna assembly is described. The apparatus includes a circuit that processes a communication signal received and/or transmitted wirelessly over a network and an antenna assembly. The antenna assembly includes an antenna structure operating in a first frequency range and a second frequency range that is different from the first frequency range. The antenna assembly includes a first and second conductive element each coupled at one end to a first end and second end of a conductive ground element on the antenna structure. The first and second elements each extend outward in a direction perpendicular to the ground element and away from the antenna structure, the second element extending parallel to the first element. The first and second element form a ground plane extension for the antenna structure improving the performance of the antenna assembly in the first frequency range and/or the second frequency range.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
5.
METHOD FOR DETECTING AN AUDIO ADVERSARIAL ATTACK WITH RESPECT TO A VOICE INPUT PROCESSED BY AN AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
A method and device is described and includes: obtaining an input audio signal associated with the voice input, obtaining a transcript resulting from the processing of the input audio signal, converting the transcript into a synthesized audio signal; extracting an acoustic feature of a same type from the input audio signal and synthesized audio signal, delivering a first sequence of features vectors associated with the input audio signal and a second sequence of features vectors associated with the synthesized audio signal converting the acoustic features to corresponding acoustic features associated with a target reference voice, delivering a first sequence and a second sequence of converted features vectors computing a dynamic time warping distance between the first sequence and second sequence of converted features vectors, and delivering data representative of a detection of an audio adversarial attack, as a result of a comparison between the dynamic time warping distance and a predetermined threshold.
METHOD FOR DETECTING AN AUDIO ADVERSARIAL ATTACK WITH RESPECT TO A VOICE COMMAND PROCESSED BYAN AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
A method and device for detecting an audio adversarial attack with respect to a voice command processed by an automatic speech recognition system is described. The method is implemented by a detection device connected to the automatic speech recognition system and includes obtaining an audio signal associated with the voice command, performing a phonetic transcription of the audio signal, according to a phonetic transcription scheme, delivering a first character string; obtaining a transcript resulting from the processing, by the automatic speech recognition system, of the audio signal, performing a phonetic transcription of the transcript, according to the phonetic transcription scheme, delivering a second character string, computing a similarity score between the first character string and the second character string, and delivering a piece of data representative of a detection of an audio adversarial attack, as a function of a result of a comparison between the similarity score and a predetermined threshold.
G10L 15/22 - Procedures used during a speech recognition process, e.g. man-machine dialog
G10L 15/34 - Adaptation of a single recogniser for parallel processing, e.g. by use of multiple processors or cloud computing
7.
METHOD OF EVAULATING THE QUALITY OF A CHANNEL OPERABLE BY A WIFI ACCESS POINT FOR ESTABLISHING A WIFI CONNECTION WITH A COMMUNICATION DEVICE, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method and device for evaluating the quality of a channel operable by a WiFi access point for establishing a WiFi connection with a communication device. The method is implemented by the communication device, which is already connected to the access point on a given channel, called a current channel, within a predetermined WiFi frequency band. The method includes a first phase for computing a score representative of a channel quality for at least one WiFi channel, called a scanned channel, within the predetermined WiFi frequency band, the first phase including at least one iteration of: obtaining the scanned channel bandwidth and a maximum effective isotropic radiated power associated with the scanned channel; determining a number of neighboring access points operating in the scanned channel; estimating a neighbor airtime occupancy for the scanned channel; and computing a score for the scanned channel, as a function of the obtained bandwidth, the obtained maximum effective isotropic radiated power, the determined number of neighboring access points, and the estimated neighbor airtime occupancy.
METHOD OF MONTORING USAGE OF AT LEAST ONE APPLICATION EXECUTED WITHIN AN OPERATING SYSTEM, CORRESPONDING APPARATUS, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method for monitoring usage of at least one application executed within an operating system of an electronic device. The method includes at least one iteration of, while a processing condition is not satisfied, determining a video event associated with a current application and storing the video event in a data structure, delivering a set of video events. The method further includes, once the processing condition is satisfied, determining a past time slot, calling an usage statistics API provided on the operating system, delivering a set of application events representative of whether an application has been put in system foreground or system background, retrieving application events that have occurred during the past time slot, retrieving video events that have occurred during the past time slot, chronologically ordering the retrieved application and video events, and delivering a consolidated set of ordered events.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/433 - Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request or caching operations
H04N 21/443 - OS processes, e.g. booting an STB, implementing a Java virtual machine in an STB or power management in an STB
9.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING USAGE OF AT LEAST ONE APPLICATION EXECUTED WITHIN AN OPERATING SYSTEM
The present disclosure is directed towards an apparatus and method for monitoring usage of applications executed within an operating system of an electronic device. The apparatus and method are implemented using a monitoring application different from the monitored applications and aims at providing not only information regarding applications usage time, but also information regarding how some of the monitored applications are used. The monitoring application utilizes a trained model to acquired information regarding the monitored applications.
An apparatus is described. The apparatus includes a shield enclosing a component attached to a circuit board and having an inner surface and outer surface, the component having an outer surface aligned in parallel with the shield inner surface of the shield, the shield including at least one opening extending through the shield from the outer surface to the inner surface and aligned with the component. The apparatus includes a heatsink positioned adjacent to the outer surface of the shield and aligned with the component, the heatsink thermally coupled to the outer surface of the component using flowable thermally conductive material that extends through the opening (s) and occupies a space between the outer surface of the component and the shield inner surface and a space between the shield outer surface and a surface of the heatsink. The apparatus may be assembled and used as part of an electronic device.
The disclosure relates to a method for substituting a multimedia sequence in a multimedia stream, the method comprising: receiving by a multimedia receiver, a first multimedia stream; transmitting the first multimedia stream to a decoder of the multimedia receiver; at a first instant, interrupting the transmission of said first multimedia stream to the decoder, and transmitting a second multimedia steam to the decoder; and at a second instant, stopping the transmission of said second multimedia stream to the decoder, and resuming the transmission of the first multimedia stream to the decoder, from a part of said first multimedia stream having a timestamp corresponding to said second instant.
H04N 21/43 - Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronizing decoder's clock; Client middleware
H04N 21/434 - Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams or extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
H04N 21/4405 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video stream decryption
H04N 21/4385 - Multiplex stream processing, e.g. multiplex stream decrypting
H04N 21/4623 - Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message]
H04N 21/458 - Scheduling content for creating a personalised stream, e.g. by combining a locally stored advertisement with an incoming stream; Updating operations, e.g. for OS modules
H04N 21/2668 - Creating a channel for a dedicated end-user group, e.g. by inserting targeted commercials into a video stream based on end-user profiles
H04N 21/435 - Processing of additional data, e.g. decrypting of additional data or reconstructing software from modules extracted from the transport stream
H04N 21/44 - Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
12.
METHOD FOR MONITORING QUALITY OF TRANSMISSION CONDITIONS IN A NETWORK, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM.
The disclosure relates to a method, device and system for monitoring quality of transmission conditions in a communications network. The method is implemented by a monitoring device connected to a transmitting device in the communications network. The method includes a first phase for determining instant composite QoS indicators which includes at least one iteration of: capturing a piece of data representing the value of each characteristic among at least three specific characteristics of a signal, called a caught value, delivering at least three caught values, normalizing the caught values, according to a normalizing scheme associated to the three specific characteristics of the received signal, delivering at least three normalized values, and calculating an instant composite QoS indicator as a function of the at least three normalized values.
A method and apparatus for diversity antenna selection and include receiving a first portion of a signal using a first antenna during a first time period and using a second antenna during a second time period, determining a first difference value for the first portion received by the first antenna, the first value being a difference between a signal level for the first portion received by the first antenna and a threshold signal level associated with the first antenna, and determining a second difference value for the first portion received by the second antenna, the second value being a difference between a signal level for the first portion received by the second antenna and a threshold signal level associated with the second antenna. The method and apparatus include receiving a second portion of the signal using the first antenna if the first difference value is greater than the second difference value.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
14.
Method for recognizing at least one naturally emitted sound produced by a real-life sound source in an environment comprising at least one artificial sound source, corresponding apparatus, computer program product and computer-readable carrier medium
The disclosure relates to a method for recognizing at least one naturally emitted sound produced by a real-life sound source in an environment comprising at least one artificial sound source. The method is implemented by an audio recognition device, and it includes simultaneously obtaining a first audio signal from a first microphone located in the environment and a second audio signal from an audio acquisition device associated with the at least one artificial sound source; analyzing the first audio signal, delivering a first list of sound classes corresponding to sounds recognized in the first audio signal; analyzing the second audio signal, delivering a second list of sound classes corresponding to sounds recognized in the second audio signal; and delivering a third list of sound classes, comprising only sound classes included in the first list of sound classes which are not included in the second list of sound classes.
H04R 1/40 - Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
15.
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MEMORY RESOURCES IN AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE, DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING MEMORY RESOURCES, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND COMPUTER PROGRAM
The disclosure relates to a method and apparatus including setting a memory swap size limit, the limit being lower than a memory swap size defining a maximum size of a part of said memory resources used for swap, obtaining a score for at least one running program, a high score corresponding to a low priority level, obtaining monitoring information representative of a monitored activity of the program during a time period and of a learnt user's habit of use of the program, including a number of times the program gained the focus within the time period. The disclosure also includes deriving a score delta from information with a decrement value to the score delta at each focus gained by the program, adjusting the score by adding the delta, and terminating execution when memory swap size limit is reached and the adjusted score reaches a memory swap size limit threshold.
An antenna structure is described that includes a flexible substrate and at least two antenna elements being formed from conductive traces on a layer of the flexible substrate. The antenna structure also includes a plurality of conductive traces formed on the layer of the flexible substrate with a first subset being electrically coupled as a lead in to a first one of the antenna elements and a second subset of the plurality of conductive traces being electrically coupled as a lead in to a second one of the antenna elements, wherein the first subset and the second subset are separately coupled electrically to one connector after insertion of an edge of the flexible substrate into the connector. An apparatus is described that includes a case, an electronic assembly, including a printed circuit board and a support bracket, contained within the case. The apparatus further includes the antenna assembly as described herein.
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 9/26 - Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
17.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING ANOMALIES, CORRESPONDING COMPUTER PROGRAM AND NON-TRANSITORY COMPUTER-READABLE MEDIUM
A method for detecting anomalies, the method being performed by a machine learning system configured for learning at least one model from a set of training data, the method including receiving sensor data from a plurality of N sensors, computing an anomaly prediction based on the sensor data and the at least one model, and if the anomaly prediction is an anomaly detection, sending an anomaly event containing said anomaly prediction. The method further includes receiving a user feedback relating to said anomaly event or to an absence of anomaly event, and adapting the at least one model based on the user feedback.
An apparatus and heat management mechanism are described. The apparatus includes an outer casing enclosing at least one heat generating electronic structure, such as a plurality of electronic components included on at least printed circuit board, the outer casing having an inner surface and an outer surface. The apparatus and the heat management mechanism further include a heat dissipation structure thermally coupled to the heat generating structure or printed circuit board, the heat dissipation structure forming an open-ended columnar channel, the open-ended columnar channel allowing air to flow within the heat dissipation structure in a direction parallel to a surface of the heat generating structure or printed circuit board.
H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
19.
Method of monitoring usage of at least one application executed within an operating system, corresponding apparatus, computer program product and computer-readable carrier medium
The disclosure relates to a method for monitoring usage of at least one application executed within an operating system of an electronic device. The method includes at least one iteration of, while a processing condition is not satisfied, determining a video event associated with a current application and storing the video event in a data structure, delivering a set of video events. The method further includes, once the processing condition is satisfied, determining a past time slot, calling an usage statistics API provided on the operating system, delivering a set of application events representative of whether an application has been put in system foreground or system background, retrieving application events that have occurred during the past time slot, retrieving video events that have occurred during the past time slot, and chronologically ordering the retrieved application and video events, delivering a consolidated set of ordered events.
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/433 - Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request or caching operations
H04N 21/443 - OS processes, e.g. booting an STB, implementing a Java virtual machine in an STB or power management in an STB
20.
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING TUNERS IN A CONTENT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
A method and apparatus for controlling tuners in a content distribution system is described. The method and apparatus receive a request from a user device for a program stream over a local network at a receiver device that includes a join request at a network address. The method and apparatus further identify a channel associated with the network address, the channel being one of the channels received by the receiver device from a content service provider. The method and apparatus also determine if the identified channel is already tuned by a tuner in the receiver device. The method and apparatus additionally tune the channel using a tuner not currently being used if it is determined that the identified channel is not already tuned and provide the program stream from the tuned channel at the network address to the user device.
H04N 21/214 - Specialised server platform, e.g. server located in an airplane, hotel or hospital
H04N 21/647 - Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load or bridging bet
METHOD FOR DETECTING AN AUDIO ADVERSARIAL ATTACK WITH RESPECT TO A VOICE INPUT PROCESSED BY AN AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method and device for detecting an audio adversarial attack with respect to a voice input (VI) processed by an automatic speech recognition system (ASR). The method includes: obtaining (12) a transcript (T) resulting from the processing, by the automatic speech recognition system, of an input audio signal of a voice input; converting (13) the transcript (T) into a synthesized audio signal (SAS); extracting (15, 15'), from the input audio signal and from the synthesized audio signal, acoustic features and converting them into sequences of feature vectors (sFV1, sFV2); computing (17) a dynamic time warping distance (D) between the sequences of converted features vectors; and delivering (18) a piece of data representative of a detection of an audio adversarial attack, as a function of a result of a comparison between the dynamic time warping distance and a predetermined threshold.
G10L 15/20 - Speech recognition techniques specially adapted for robustness in adverse environments, e.g. in noise or of stress induced speech
G10L 13/00 - Speech synthesis; Text to speech systems
G10L 25/24 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups characterised by the type of extracted parameters the extracted parameters being the cepstrum
G10L 25/51 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination
22.
METHOD FOR DETECTING AN AUDIO ADVERSARIAL ATTACK WITH RESPECT TO A VOICE COMMAND PROCESSED BY AN AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION SYSTEM, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method and device for detecting an audio adversarial attack with respect to a voice command (VC) processed by an automatic speech recognition system (ASR). The method is implemented by a detection device connected to the automatic speech recognition system. The method includes: obtaining (11) an audio signal associated with the voice command; performing (12) a phonetic transcription of the audio signal, according to a phonetic transcription scheme, delivering a first character string (CS1); obtaining (13) a transcript resulting from the processing, by the automatic speech recognition system, of the audio signal; performing (14) a phonetic transcription of the transcript, according to the phonetic transcription scheme, delivering a second character string (CS2); computing (15) a similarity score (SS) between the first character string (CS1) and the second character string (CS2); and delivering (16) a piece of data representative of a detection of an audio adversarial attack, as a function of a result of a comparison between the similarity score (SS) and a predetermined threshold.
METHOD FOR EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF A CHANNEL OPERABLE BY A WIFI ACCESS POINT FOR ESTABLISHING A WIFI CONNECTION WITH A COMMUNICATION DEVICE, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method and device for evaluating the quality of a channel operable by a WiFi access point for establishing a WiFi connection with a communication device. The method is implemented by the communication device, which is already connected to the access point on a given channel, called a current channel (CC), within a predetermined WiFi frequency band. The method includes a first phase for computing a score representative of a channel quality for at least one WiFi channel, called a scanned channel (SC), within the predetermined WiFi frequency band, the first phase including at least one iteration of: obtaining (11) the scanned channel bandwidth and a maximum effective isotropic radiated power associated with the scanned channel; determining (12) a number of neighboring access points operating in the scanned channel; estimating (13) a neighbor airtime occupancy for the scanned channel; and computing (14) a score for the scanned channel (SC), as a function of the obtained bandwidth, the obtained maximum effective isotropic radiated power, the determined number of neighboring access points, and the estimated neighbor airtime occupancy.
The present disclosure relates to a method for providing assistance to a colorist in color grading of a virtual reality video content, called VR content. The method includes receiving the VR content being graded by a color grading station and receiving position information representative of the position of at least one hand of a colorist versus the color grading station. The method further includes generating, based on the position information, visual control information showing the position of the at least one hand of the colorist versus at least one grading control element of the color grading station and displaying the visual control information together with the graded VR content on a head mounted display carried by the colorist in order to help the colorist manipulating the at least one grading control element.
G09G 5/00 - Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
G06T 19/20 - Editing of 3D images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
G06T 7/73 - Determining position or orientation of objects or cameras using feature-based methods
G06T 7/90 - Determination of colour characteristics
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06F 3/04815 - Interaction with a metaphor-based environment or interaction object displayed as three-dimensional, e.g. changing the user viewpoint with respect to the environment or object
G06F 3/04845 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] for the control of specific functions or operations, e.g. selecting or manipulating an object, an image or a displayed text element, setting a parameter value or selecting a range for image manipulation, e.g. dragging, rotation, expansion or change of colour
G06T 19/00 - Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
25.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MONITORING USAGE OF AT LEAST ONE APPLICATION EXECUTED WITHIN AN OPERATING SYSTEM
The present disclosure is directed towards an apparatus and method for monitoring usage of applications executed within an operating system of an electronic device (40). The apparatus and method are implemented using a monitoring application different from the monitored applications and aims at providing not only information regarding applications usage time, but also information regarding how some of the monitored applications are used. The monitoring application utilizes a trained model to acquired information regarding the monitored applications.
G06F 11/34 - Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation
26.
METHOD FOR MONITORING QUALITY OF TRANSMISSION CONDITIONS IN A NETWORK, CORRESPONDING DEVICE, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method, device and system for monitoring quality of transmission conditions in a communications network. The method is implemented by a monitoring device connected to a transmitting device in the communications network. The method includes a first phase for determining instant composite QoS indicators which includes at least one iteration of: capturing a piece of data representing the value of each characteristic among at least three specific characteristics of a signal, called a caught value, delivering at least three caught values, normalizing the caught values, according to a normalizing scheme associated to the three specific characteristics of the received signal, delivering at least three normalized values, and calculating an instant composite QoS indicator as a function of the at least three normalized values.
METHOD FOR RECOGNIZING AT LEAST ONE NATURALLY EMITTED SOUND PRODUCED BY A REAL-LIFE SOUND SOURCE IN AN ENVIRONMENT COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE ARTIFICIAL SOUND SOURCE, CORRESPONDING APPARATUS, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method for recognizing at least one naturally emitted sound produced by a real-life sound source in an environment comprising at least one artificial sound source (ASSr). The method is implemented by an audio recognition device, and it includes simultaneously obtaining (11) a first audio signal from a first microphone (MIC) located in the environment and a second audio signal from an audio acquisition device (AAD) associated with the at least one artificial sound source; analyzing (12) the first audio signal, delivering a first list of sound classes (LI) corresponding to sounds recognized in the first audio signal; analyzing (13) the second audio signal, delivering a second list of sound classes (L2) corresponding to sounds recognized in the second audio signal; and delivering (14) a third list of sound classes (L3), comprising only sound classes included in the first list of sound classes (LI) which are not included in the second list of sound classes (L2).
G10L 25/57 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination for processing of video signals
G10L 25/51 - Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination
G10L 17/26 - Recognition of special voice characteristics, e.g. for use in lie detectors; Recognition of animal voices
G08B 13/16 - Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid
G08B 1/08 - Systems for signalling characterised solely by the form of transmission of the signal using electric transmission
G08B 29/18 - Prevention or correction of operating errors
28.
APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR DIVERSITY ANTENNA SELECTION
A method and apparatus for diversity antenna selection and include receiving a first portion of a signal using a first antenna during a first time period and using a second antenna during a second time period, determining a first difference value for the first portion received by the first antenna, the first value being a difference between a signal level for the first portion received by the first antenna and a threshold signal level associated with the first antenna, and determining a second difference value for the first portion received by the second antenna, the second value being a difference between a signal level for the first portion received by the second antenna and a threshold signal level associated with the second antenna. The method and apparatus include receiving a second portion of the signal using the first antenna if the first difference value is greater than the second difference value.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
29.
METHOD FOR CONTROLLING MEMORY RESOURCES IN AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE, DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING MEMORY RESOURCES, ELECTRONIC DEVICE AND COMPUTER PROGRAM
The invention concerns a computer-implemented method for controlling memory resources of an electronic device, said method comprising: - setting (35) at least one memory swap size limit (SL), said memory swap limit being lower than a memory swap size defining a maximum size of a part of said memory resources used by said electronic device for swap, called swap memory space; and - obtaining (37) a score for each program of a plurality of programs running on said electronic device a high score corresponding to a low priority level; - obtaining monitoring information (IMonit), said information belonging to a group comprising: an information representative of a monitored activity of the program during a predetermined time period, an information representative of a learnt user's habit of use of the program, said information comprising a number of times the program gained the focus within the predetermined time period; - deriving a dynamic score delta from said monitoring information, said dynamic score delta being positive or negative, a score decrement value being applied to said dynamic score delta at each focus gained by the program; - adjusting the obtained score (AM-SC) of said at least one program by adding said dynamic score delta to the obtained score; and - terminating (38) an execution of at least one program of said plurality, when said memory swap size limit (SL) is reached and said adjusted score associated with said at least one program is equal to or higher than a priority threshold (PT) associated with said reached memory swap size limit.
In today's network management world, there are various solutions that collect data and presume to identify events impacting the QoE of the end-users. However, such solutions usually do not try to address the question of whether the end-users are actually impacted. These solutions usually look at certain types of known problems and try to detect if that problem exists in the end-user's network, and from that they conclude that the end-user might be impacted. The method according to an embodiment of the invention enables to proactively identify that an end-user is actually experiencing an event impacting the QoE in his home network. The proposed solution enables the detection of event affecting an end-user's network, regardless of the type of the network and without looking for specific issues. This knowledge may be a valuable asset of an Internet Service Provider which may fix issues quicker or mitigate end-users' dissatisfaction.
A method for detecting anomalies, the method being performed by a machine learning system (130) configured for learning at least one model (132) from a set of training data, the method including receiving sensor data from a plurality of N sensors (100), computing an anomaly prediction based on the sensor data and the at least one model, and if the anomaly prediction is an anomaly detection, sending an anomaly event (11) containing said anomaly prediction. The method further includes receiving a user feedback (12) relating to said anomaly event or to an absence of anomaly event, and adapting the at least one model based on the user feedback.
An antenna structure is described that includes a flexible substrate and at least two antenna elements being formed from conductive traces on a layer of the flexible substrate. The antenna structure also includes a plurality of conductive traces formed on the layer of the flexible substrate with a first subset being electrically coupled as a lead in to a first one of the antenna elements and a second subset of the plurality of conductive traces being electrically coupled as a lead in to a second one of the antenna elements, wherein the first subset and the second subset are separately coupled electrically to one connector after insertion of an edge of the flexible substrate into the connector. An apparatus is described that includes a case, an electronic assembly, including a printed circuit board and a support bracket, contained within the case. The apparatus further includes the antenna assembly as described herein.
H01Q 1/22 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 1/52 - Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
H01Q 9/26 - Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
An apparatus and heat management mechanism are described. The apparatus includes an outer casing enclosing at least one heat generating electronic structure, such as a plurality of electronic components included on at least printed circuit board, the outer casing having an inner surface and an outer surface. The apparatus and the heat management mechanism further include a heat dissipation structure thermally coupled to the heat generating structure or printed circuit board, the heat dissipation structure forming an open-ended columnar channel, the open-ended columnar channel allowing air to flow within the heat dissipation structure in a direction parallel to a surface of the heat generating structure or printed circuit board.
H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
34.
Method for rendering a current image on a head-mounted display, corresponding apparatus, computer program product, and computer readable carrier medium
A method for rendering a current image on a head-mounted display is provided. The current image has been acquired by a camera mounted on a moving object. First, the capturing roll angle is obtained. It is compared to the viewing roll angle that is the current roll angle of the head of a user of the head-mounted display. If the difference between the capturing roll angle and the current viewing roll angle is lower than a determined threshold, a detection flag is activated. The current image is then rotated by an angle determined according to the capturing roll angle, the current viewing roll angle and of the detection flag. The current rotated image is rendered.
G09G 5/37 - Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of individual graphic patterns using a bit-mapped memory - Details of the operation on graphic patterns
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06T 3/60 - Rotation of a whole image or part thereof
35.
METHOD FOR MONITORING USAGE OF AT LEAST ONE APPLICATION EXECUTED WITHIN AN OPERATING SYSTEM, CORRESPONDING APPARATUS, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
The disclosure relates to a method for monitoring usage of at least one application executed within an operating system of an electronic device. The method comprises at least one iteration of: while a processing condition is not satisfied: determining (11) a video event associated with a current application; storing (12) said video event in a data structure, delivering a set of video events (21); once said processing condition is satisfied: determining (13) a past time slot; calling (14) an usage statistics API provided on said operating system, delivering a set of application events (22) representative of whether an application has been put in system foreground or system background; retrieving (15), from said set of application events (22), application events that have occurred during said past time slot; retrieving (16), from said set of video events (21), video events that have occurred during said past time slot; chronologically ordering (17) said retrieved application and video events, delivering a consolidated set of ordered events (23).
H04N 21/443 - OS processes, e.g. booting an STB, implementing a Java virtual machine in an STB or power management in an STB
G06F 11/34 - Recording or statistical evaluation of computer activity, e.g. of down time, of input/output operation
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
A folded metal dipole antenna includes a balun having two sides, the sides having metal contact end portions for electrical connection to a printed circuit board, two radiating elements, each radiating element in coplanar relationship to a corresponding side of the balun, and an antenna support member having a spacer portion placed between the two sides of the balun. The spacer portion is used to separate one radiating element of the dipole antenna from another radiating element of the dipole antenna.
H01Q 5/48 - Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
H01Q 9/28 - Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
H01Q 9/26 - Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
37.
Adhesive-free bonding of dielectric materials, using nanojet microstructures
122) positioned opposite to and facing the bottom wall, said bottom wall comprising a transparent substrate; - at least one nanojet focusing element (NJFE) (13) designed in a form of a surface feature of at least a part of the bottom wall facing the ceiling wall; - a light source arranged in such a manner that it illuminates the at least one nanojet focusing element (NJFE) through the transparent substrate of the bottom wall and thereby focuses the light as a photonic nanojet (14) inside the fluid medium between the bottom wall and the ceiling wall; and - light detection means arranged to measure the light scattered or induced by a nanometric object (12) hit by a photonic nanojet (14), the light scattered or induced returning to the light detection means by first passing through the at least one nanojet focusing element (NJFE) (13).
A method and device for obtaining a video content. To reach that aim, at least a first part of said video content is obtained according to a field of view; a modified version of said at least a first part according to said field of view is obtained, the modified version being modified in at least an area of the at least a first part located at a periphery of the field of view; and a new content is obtained after the obtaining of the modified version, the new content being different from any content obtained in association with the at least a first part of the video content.
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
G06F 3/0481 - Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
40.
METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING AND FOR RECEIVING OF ADAPTIVE STREAMING CONTENT OVER A UNIDIRECTIONAL RADIO FREQUENCY NETWORK AND CORRESPONDING APPARATUSES
Method for transmitting and for receiving of adaptive streaming content over a unidirectional radio frequency network and corresponding apparatuses. Adaptive Streaming digital video and/or audio services ("AS services") are transmitted via a broadcast distribution network. The AS services can be added to the traditional broadcast programming to enhance the service offering. The AS services are encapsulated for transport in an MPEG-TS, including the manifest file and stream chunks. A descriptor ("E-descriptor") is added to the Service Information ("SI") and Program Specific Information ("PSI") to enable discovery and selection of the AS services by a receiver. The receiver installs the AS services based on the E- descriptor. If an AS services is selected, it is decapsulated and manifest files are served by an AS server in the receiver. An AS receiver in the receiver reads the manifest files, fetches the chunks from the AS server, converts these to a video and/or audio elementary streams and inputs these into a decoder, which outputs decoded streams for a renderer.
H04N 21/434 - Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams or extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
H04N 21/845 - Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
H04H 20/28 - Arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information
A display device (100) obtains (S210) an image, obtains (S220) a current measure of inclination of a screen (110) of the display device (100), rotates (S230) the image to compensate for the inclination to render the image parallel with the horizon, scales (S240) and displays (S250) the image entire and horizontally on the screen. The image can be part of a video for which other images are processed to be displayed horizontally. The image can be scaled to maximise the size of the image when displayed on the screen (110); this can be performed after a period of unchanged inclination.
G09G 5/00 - Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
G06F 3/0346 - Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user; Accessories therefor with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors
H04N 5/232 - Devices for controlling television cameras, e.g. remote control
42.
LIGHT FIELD CAPTURING SYSTEM AND CORRESPONDING CALIBRATION DEVICE, METHOD AND COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT
A light field capturing system is proposed. Such light field capturing system comprises a camera array. A plurality of cameras of the camera array comprise each at least one rotating mirror allowing for deflecting a ray bundle captured by at least one sensor of the camera.
A method is proposed for detecting occlusions in an image captured by a light field capturing system, comprising, for at least one reference image belonging to a matrix of images captured by the light field capturing system: - calculating a depth map and a visibility map for pixels in the reference image; - determining at least one candidate area in the reference image in which the potential occlusion may occur based at least on a segmentation of the depth map; - determining an information representative of an occlusion state in the at least one candidate area based at least on visibility values of the visibility map associated with at least two neighborhoods of the at least one candidate area.
A method is proposed for estimating a depth for pixels in a matrix of M images. Such method comprises, at least for one set of N images among the M images, 2 < N ≤ M, a process comprising: -determining depth maps for the images in the set of N images delivering a set of N depth maps; -for at least one current pixel for which a depth has not yet been estimated: -deciding if a candidate depth corresponding to a depth value in the set of N depth maps is consistent or not with the other depth map(s) of the set of N depth maps; -selecting the candidate depth as being the estimated depth for the current pixel if the candidate depth is decided as consistent. The process is enforced iteratively with a new N value which is lower than the previous N value used in the previous iteration of the process.
Different implementations are described, particularly implementations for processing a medium dynamic range video signal are presented. In a method for processing such a video signal a medium dynamic range video signal and associated metadata are received, wherein the metadata include data representative of a peak luminance value of the medium dynamic range video signal. In addition, data representative of a peak luminance value of a presentation display are received. It is determined whether the peak luminance value of the medium dynamic range video signal is greater or lower than the peak luminance value of the presentation display. A processor is configured based on the determination, wherein the processor has a first mode to reconstruct a high dynamic range video signal based on a received standard dynamic range video signal and associated metadata, and a second mode to optimize a received high dynamic range video signal for the rendering device. The medium dynamic range video signal is processed by the processor in the first mode if the peak luminance value of the medium dynamic range video signal is smaller than the peak luminance value of the presentation display and in the second mode if the peak luminance value of the medium dynamic range video signal is greater than the peak luminance value of the presentation display.
A device for generating an image by projecting a plurality of source images onto this image according to a center of projection and a mapping. A source image is associated with a view direction according to the center of projection and the projection itself, the device comprises a memory associated with a processor configured for obtaining a direction of interest for said image; and for a pixel of the immersive image to generate, when a plurality of source pixels from the plurality of source images are projectable onto said pixel according to the center of projection and the mapping, one of these source pixels is selected to provide the considered pixel a color value. The selecting of the source pixel is performed according to the angle formed the direction of interest and the view direction of the source image the source pixel belongs to.
H04N 13/117 - Transformation of image signals corresponding to virtual viewpoints, e.g. spatial image interpolation the virtual viewpoint locations being selected by the viewers or determined by viewer tracking
H04N 13/344 - Displays for viewing with the aid of special glasses or head-mounted displays [HMD] with head-mounted left-right displays
At least a method and an apparatus are presented for efficiently encoding or decoding video. For example, a 2-D patch of the point cloud is obtained by projecting 3-D points of the point cloud onto a projection plane, the patch having a plurality of pixels. The patch is divided into a plurality of smaller blocks. The number of pixels is determined within each of the plurality of smaller blocks. An updated occupancy map is obtained based on the determined number of pixels within each of the plurality of smaller blocks. A reconstructed point cloud is obtained based on the updated occupancy map, wherein the reconstructed point cloud is a less dense representation of the point cloud.
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
48.
A METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ENCODING/DECODING THE GEOMETRY OF A POINT CLOUD.
The present embodiments relate to a method and device. The method comprises obtaining at least one first point from at least one point of a point cloud by projecting said point of the point cloud onto a projection plane and obtaining at least one other point of the point cloud determined according to said at least one first point; determining and encoding at least one interpolation coding mode for said at least one first point based on at least one reconstructed point obtained from said at least one first point and at least one interpolation point defined by said at least one interpolation coding mode to approximate said at least one other point of the point cloud; and signaling said at least interpolation coding mode as values of image data.
1ii n]n] ji+1£ijjjjj is even; • n-waveguide elements (502, 503, 504) that are stack on each other, n being an integer greater or equal to three, each waveguide element, except the one closer to the eye of a user, comprising a diffraction grating that can deviate only one of said n monochromatic light image in the waveguide element by total internal reflection, a first output that delivers deviated light toward said eye box, and a second output that delivers non-deviated light by a waveguide element to a subsequent waveguide element, wherein said second output comprising an achromatic half-wave plate (506, 507), and wherein the waveguide element that is closer to the eye of the user comprises also a diffraction grating that can deviate only one of said n monochromatic light image in the waveguide element by total internal reflection, and an output that delivers deviated light toward said eye box, wherein each diffraction grating of said optical device is associated with a different wavelength, and, wherein the arrangement order of said n-waveguide is done according to the wavelength value, from the smallest to the highest, the smallest waveguide element being positioned closer to the light engine.
The invention concerns a head-mounted device embedding a single display. However, such a head mounted device has a reduced field of view which may have a negative impact on the quality of the images presented to the users of such head mounted devices. The proposed solution consists in positioning a micro-lens array on a display of the head-mounted device to spatially multiplex images emitted by the display for each eye of a user of the head-mounted device on the entire surface of the display by interleaving pixels which emits light for a first eye of the user with pixels which emits light for the second eye and ensuring that each eye sees light emitted by pixels intended for this eye. Such a solution enables to double the field of view for each eye of the user of the head-mounted device.
112231231321322. and said base angles, from electromagnetic waves, which are normally incident on said diffraction grating and come from a side opposite to said substrate in a vertical xz plane with a free-space wavelength λ, called an operating wavelength, said free-space wavelength λ belonging to the visible light domain, and wherein said nanojets being generated at edges between dielectric materials with different refractive indexes.
In today's network management world, there are various solutions that collect data and presume to identify events impacting the QoE of the end-users. However, such solutions usually do not try to address the question of whether the end-users are actually impacted. These solutions usually look at certain types of known problems and try to detect if that problem exists in the end- user's network, and from that they conclude that the end-user might be impacted. The method according to an embodiment of the invention enables to proactively identify that an end-user is actually experiencing an event impacting the Qo E in his home network. The proposed solution enables the detection of event affecting an end-user's network, regardless of the type of the network and without looking for specific issues. This knowledge may be a valuable asset of an Internet Service Provider which may fix issues quicker or mitigate end-users' dissatisfaction.
The present disclosure relates to an image sensor (21) comprising an array of pixels, wherein a set of pixels of the array comprises pixels with different height levels arranged according to their height level and relative position to an optical axis (22) of the image sensor, wherein each pixel of the set can take one height level i among N different height levels, N≥ 2, where i = 1 is the smallest height level and i = N is the highest height level. According to the disclosure, for a pixel of the set having a first height level equal to n, 2 ≥ n ≥ N, and an adjacent pixel of the set having a second height level equal to m, lower than the first height level, in at least one of horizontal, vertical, or diagonal scanning direction, from a point at which the optical axis (22) intersects the image sensor (21) to at least one rim of the image sensor, the second height level m is equal to n— 1.
In a wireless network (200) with a plurality of access points (230, 240), device (250) calculates (S310), for each wireless station (210, 220) in the network (200), a score based on at least an availability of the wireless network (200) for the wireless station (210, 220), combines (S320) the scores for the wireless stations (210, 220) into a current network score for a present configuration of the wireless network (200), calculates (S330) a plurality of predicted network scores corresponding to predicted network configurations with one wireless station (210, 220) moved to a different access point (230, 240) than in the present configuration, each predicted network score being a combination of the scores for wireless stations (210, 220) not moved in the predicted network configuration and a predicted score for the wireless station (210, 220) moved in the predicted network configuration, selects (S360) one of the current network score and the plurality of predicted network scores that satisfies a criterion; and, in case a predicted network score is selected, moves (S390) a wireless station (210, 220) to match the corresponding network configuration.
A device (240) comprising at least one hardware processor (241) obtains (S310) a bandwidth for a communication from a station (210) in a wireless network (200) and a signal strength for the communication from the station (210), and determines (S350, S360) that the communication is a communication related to network maintenance in case the bandwidth is below a first value and an expected bandwidth based on the signal strength is above a second value, and that the communication is a data communication in case the bandwidth is below the first value and the signal strength is below the second value, !n case the communication is a data communication, the at least one hardware processor (241) can determine that the station (210) is active.
G02B 6/34 - Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating
F21V 8/00 - Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
G02B 6/124 - Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
59.
METHOD FOR RENDERING A CURRENT IMAGE ON A HEAD-MOUNTED DISPLAY, CORRESPONDING APPARATUS, COMPUTER PROGRAM PRODUCT, AND COMPUTER-READABLE CARRIER MEDIUM
A method for rendering a current image on a head-mounted display is provided. The current image has been acquired by a camera mounted on a moving object. First, the capturing roll angle is obtained. It is compared to the viewing roll angle that is the current roll angle of the head of a user of the head-mounted display. If the difference between the capturing roll angle and the current viewing roll angle is lower than a determined threshold, a detection flag is activated. The current image is then rotated by an angle determined according to the capturing roll angle, the current viewing roll angle and of the detection flag. The current rotated image is rendered.
The present embodiments relate to a method and apparatus comprising: - deriving chroma components (I) of a third image by correcting chroma components (II) of a second image according to a luma component of said second image and a reconstructed component obtained by applying a mapping function to said luma component (III) of said second image, said chroma components (II) of the second image being obtained by applying a conversion matrix to components (IV) of a first image; and - adapting coefficients of the conversion matrix which are relative to a chroma component of said third image independently of coefficients of the conversion matrix which are relative to another chroma component of said third image to ensure that there is no clipping on chroma components of the third image.
H04N 19/46 - Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
H04N 19/186 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a colour or a chrominance component
The present disclosure relates to a method for providing assistance to a colorist in color grading of a virtual reality video content, called VR content, said method comprising the steps of: - receiving (100) the VR content being graded by a color grading station, - receiving (110) position information representative of the position of at least one hand of a colorist versus said color grading station, - generating (120), based on said position information, visual control information showing the position of said at least one hand of the colorist versus at least one grading control element of the color grading station, - displaying (130) said visual control information together with the graded VR content on a head mounted display carried by said colorist in order to help the colorist manipulating said at least one grading control element.
It is provided a dual-band antenna (202) for processing signals of a high frequency band and a low frequency band, wherein the dual-band antenna is made up of a single metal wire, comprising a feeding point on the single metal wire, being coupled to a circuit board (201) and separating the single metal wire into a line shape part (2021) for processing signals of the high frequency band and a helix structure (2022) for processing signals of the low frequency band.
H01Q 5/357 - Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
63.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING A DIGITAL SIGNAL RECEIVER
A method for operating a digital signal receiver is disclosed. A salient idea of the present principles is to use a smart antenna system embedded in a digital signal receiver, the smart antenna system being operable in an omnidirectional mode and in a plurality of directional modes, the smart antenna system being further associated with a two steps installation method of the digital signal receiver. The first step of the installation method comprises determining an indoor location for positioning the digital signal receiver based on measuring the signal strength of the available RF channels received through an omnidirectional radiation pattern of the smart antenna system. The second step of the installation method comprises configuring the smart antenna system, located at the determined location by the selection of a directional mode for each channel, based on a signal quality such as a signal to noise ratio, a bit error rate or any combination thereof. The smart antenna system can also be advantageously leveraged by a further optional step of dynamic optimization of the signal quality in order to take into account dynamic changes of the propagation conditions.
1)233), higher than the one from said embedding layer, and wherein a second boundary between said dielectric element and said embedding layer comprises a second single step shape structure, said second single step shape structure being a change of level that is defined sensibly by a second straight line being associated with an angle of inclination close to a second angle of inclination, and wherein said second single step shape structure is positioned at the vicinity of said first single step shape structure for focusing nanojets beams generated by each of said first and second single step shape structures around a first focusing point.
It is proposed an enhanced light capture image sensor comprising an array of pixels, each pixel comprising a micro-lens (ML1), a photosensitive layer (PL) and a colour filter layer (FL) arranged between said micro-lens and photosensitive layers, said image sensor comprising, for at least one pair of adjacent pixels, an optical isolating trench (OT1) placed between the colour filter layers of said adjacent pixels and extending from the micro-lenses of said adjacent pixels.
A plenoptic imaging device (2) comprising a micro-lens array (MLA) placed between a main lens (L) and an image sensor (IS) is provided. The plenoptic imaging device (2) further comprises a color filter element (CFE) arranged in an aperture stop plane of the main lens (L), said color filter element (CFE) comprising at least two different color filters.
The present disclosure concerns an image sensor comprising a set of pixels, wherein each pixel of the set comprises a first and a second element, the first element comprising a photodiode module unit, and the second element being an element for filtering color and focusing incident light into said first element. The image sensor further comprises at least two consecutive pixels from the set of pixels, for which first elements are put side by side, and wherein the image sensor comprises a gap between second elements of said at least two consecutive pixels.
The invention concerns a method for measuring the airtime usage of a wireless medium. WiFi airtime measurement is based on data frames effectively transmitted through the monitored wireless medium and captured by a wireless device using the wireless medium for transmitting its data frames. The current solutions used to measure the airtime usage of a wireless medium may provide a wrong interpretation of the actual availability of the wireless. The invention provides an accurate airtime usage metrics since it computes the airtime usage metrics based on parameters representing actual transmission condition of the wireless medium.
A device and a method for prediction of rare failures are disclosed. A user device collects local data and events that could indicate a future failure of at least part of the device. A local failure prediction model is used to provide an estimation of a potential failure in a temporal window. Based on this estimation and on a collection ratio representing the proportion of non-failure data to be collected, the user device decides if it should send out the collected data to a collecting device. When the temporal window elapsed, the device sends out a label representing the real failure status. The collecting device uses the collected data and labels to improve the failure prediction model. The improved model may be redistributed to the plurality of user devices.
A method of bonding two layers of dielectric materials comprises: - providing (21) a surface of at least one of said layers with microscale- and/or nanoscale- size bonding elements forming contact points of said layers; - bringing (22) said layers into a mutual position according to an intended use; - illuminating (23) said layer whose surface is provided with bonding elements by an incident electromagnetic wave, the propagation direction of which is substantially orthogonal to said layer, and whose wavelength is selected depending on an absorption spectrum of a material forming said layer; - generating condensed optical beams within said bonding elements or close to a tip of said bonding elements intended to be in contact with the other layer; - heating and melting (24) said bonding elements by high-intensity focal spots formed by said generated optical beams; - maintaining said layers into said mutual position until and bonding of said layers.
To predict a first metric for a station (210) in a wireless network (200), at least one hardware processor (241) in a prediction device (240) or at least one hardware processor (231) in a first access point (230) associated with the station (210), determines (S350) that a recent measurement of a second metric correlated with the first metric has changed compared to a previous measurement of the second metric, the second metric for the station (210) and measured by the first access point (230); and in case the second metric has changed, prediction of the first metric for the station (210) is triggered (S360). 3. The first metric can be a signal strength of a signal received by the station (210) from a second access point (220) not associated with the station (210) and the second metric a signal strength of a signal received by the first access point (230) from the station (210).
An optical device forming an outgoing electromagnetic wave from an incident electromagnetic wave comprises at least one unit cell (UC), comprising: at least two subwavelength optical elements (1, 2), each of them belonging to a different set (MSI, MS2) of subwavelength optical elements, a set of subwavelength optical elements being characterized by a type of optical response to an incident electromagnetic wave; means (21) enabling selective excitation of all subwavelength optical elements belonging to a given set, in response to an electromagnetic wave (20) incident on said unit cell.
Methods and apparatuses for video coding and decoding are provided. The method of video encoding includes accessing a block of a picture, determining a context model for a syntax element associated with a transform coefficient of the block, based on a weighted sum of position coordinates of the transform coefficient in the block, wherein at least one weight in the weighted sum is different than one, entropy encoding the syntax element based on the context model and providing the entropy encoded syntax element. A bitstream formatted to include encoded data, a computer-readable storage medium and a computer-readable program product are also described.
H04N 19/13 - Adaptive entropy coding, e.g. adaptive variable length coding [AVLC] or context adaptive binary arithmetic coding [CABAC]
H04N 19/18 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a set of transform coefficients
75.
METHODS, DEVICES AND STREAM FOR ENCODING AND DECODING VOLUMETRIC VIDEO
A sequence of point clouds is encoded as a video by an encoder and transmitted to a decoder which retrieves the sequence of point clouds. Visible points of a point cloud are iteratively projected on projection maps according to at least two centers of projection, to determine a patch data item lists. One of the centers of projection is selected and corresponding image patches are generated and packed into a picture. Pictures and associated patch data item list are encoded in a stream. The decoding method decodes pictures and associated patch data item lists. Pixels of image patches comprised in pictures are un-projected according to data stored in associated patches. The methods have the advantage of encoding every point of point clouds in a manner avoiding artifacts and allowing decoding at video frame rate.
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
G06T 17/10 - Volume description, e.g. cylinders, cubes or using CSG [Constructive Solid Geometry]
H04N 19/85 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
H04N 19/20 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video object coding
76.
METHODS, DEVICES AND STREAM FOR ENCODING AND DECODING VOLUMETRIC VIDEO
A sequence of point clouds is encoded as a video by an encoder and transmitted to a decoder which retrieves the sequence of point clouds. Visible points of a point cloud are iteratively projected on a projection map to determine a patch data item list. Image patches are generated and packed into a picture. Pictures and associated patch data item list are encoded in a stream. The decoding method decodes pictures and associated patch data item lists. Pixels of image patches comprised in pictures are un-projected according to data stored in associated patches. The methods have the advantage of encoding every point of point clouds in a manner avoiding artifacts and allowing decoding at video frame rate.
H04N 19/597 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
G06T 17/10 - Volume description, e.g. cylinders, cubes or using CSG [Constructive Solid Geometry]
H04N 19/85 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
H04N 19/20 - Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video object coding
77.
Configuration for rendering virtual reality with an adaptive focal plane
A virtual reality apparatus includes a virtual reality display screen. Further, the virtual reality apparatus includes an eye tracking system that tracks a gaze direction of one or more eyes of a user to determine an object of focus in a virtual reality display. In addition, the virtual reality apparatus includes a processor. The virtual reality apparatus also includes a memory having a set of instructions that when executed by the processor causes the virtual reality apparatus to estimate one or more pupil dimensions of the one or more eyes based upon a luminance of virtual reality imagery displayed by the virtual reality display. The virtual reality apparatus is further caused to determine a focal plane based upon the estimated one or more pupil dimensions.
The Internet of things is the inter-networking of connected devices, and network connectivity that enable these connected devices to collect and exchange data. The connected devices located in a network, such as a home network, may use different communication protocols to transmit data or receive instructions from remote communication equipments or to communicate with other devices. However, because of their heterogeneity, these connected devices not be able to communicate with each other because they do not use the same communication protocols. The method according to an embodiment of the invention enables a first device to agnostically command a second device by converting sets of instructions, intended for the second device and received by the first device according to different protocols into natural-language.
Electromagnetic shielding for an electronic device is described. The electronic device includes a component, a heat absorbing element and an electromagnetic shield disposed on a substrate. The heat absorbing element is coupled to the component, to dissipate heat generated thereby. The electromagnetic shield surrounds the component and is attached to a portion of the heat absorbing element to protect the component from electrostatic charge generated within the electronic device.
A method and apparatus for detecting a main lighting direction from the input image, which corresponds to a key light. The system is operative to nm on data-parallel architectures allows for incoming light direction estimation in real-time. More particularly, the method and apparatus detect a key, or principal light direction relative to the position/orientation of an acquisition device. It method involves image analysis to find a maximum intensity value, maximal values filtering, and conversion of the input image position to a direction in space.
A folded metal dipole antenna includes a balun having two sides, the sides having metal contact end portions for electrical connection to a printed circuit board, two radiating elements, each radiating element in coplanar relationship to a corresponding side of the balun, and an antenna support member having a spacer portion placed between the two sides of the balun. The spacer portion is used to separate one radiating element of the dipole antenna from another radiating element of the dipole antenna.
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 1/52 - Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
H01Q 9/28 - Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
H01Q 21/24 - Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
H01Q 5/42 - Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
H01Q 5/48 - Combinations of two or more dipole type antennas
82.
DATA FORWARDING METHOD TO SUPPORT MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL OVER THE TOP GATEWAY
A method and apparatus are described including configuring a single physical link between a gateway and a set top box as two logical links between said gateway and said set top box, receiving data from the set top box, updating a header of the data by setting a port based identifier to the first value, determining an address in the header of the data is an address of the gateway, transmitting the data to a port of the bridge wide area network, if the address in the header of the data is not an address of the gateway, updating the port based identifier to a second value, if the address in the header of the data is the address of the gateway and transmitting the data to an internet port of the wide area network.
An antenna structure (300, 400) is provided including a first conductive element (305, 405) coupled, on a first side, to a communication circuit and to ground (325, 425) and a second conductive element (306, 406) parallel to and connected to the first conductive element over a section of a second side opposite the first side of the first conductive element, the second conductive element having a smaller length than the first conductive element on a direction parallel to the first side of the first conductive element. A communication apparatus (200, 700) is provided including an antenna structure (220, 710, 720) capable of at least one of radiating a signal and receiving a radiated signal and a communication circuit (210, 740) coupled to the antenna structure capable of at least one of transmitting a signal and receiving a signal. A method of communicating (800) is provided using the antenna structure.
H01Q 9/42 - Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
H01Q 1/24 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
H01Q 1/38 - Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
H01Q 5/35 - Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using two or more simultaneously fed points
H01Q 5/357 - Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
H01Q 7/00 - Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
H01Q 21/28 - Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
84.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING LIGHTING INFORMATION OF A 3D SCENE
A method and an apparatus for determining lighting information of a 3D scene by determining at least a shadow area of the 3D scene that is casted by at least a real object (11) of the 3D scene; casting a plurality of rays (211, 212, 213) having as origin at least a first pixel (20) of the shadow area (111) through the 3D scene; selecting at least a light source (2001, 2009) of the 3D scene from a plurality of candidate light sources (2001 to 2014), a selected light source corresponding to a light source of the 3D scene crossed by at least one ray (212) of the plurality of rays that also crosses the at least a real object (11); and determining the lighting information according to the selected at least a light source.
A method, apparatus or system to produce visual effects includes processing a first video signal from a first camera providing video of an object, tracking information from tracking a movement of the object, and a second video signal including information representing at least one of a reflection on the object and a lighting environment of the object to produce a rendered signal representing video in which the tracked object is replaced in real time with a virtual object having one or more of the reflection and the lighting environment of the tracked object.
A method, apparatus or system to produce visual effects includes processing a first video signal from a first camera providing video of an object, tracking information from tracking a movement of the object, and a second video signal including information representing at least one of a reflection on the object and a lighting environment of the object to produce a rendered signal representing video in which the tracked object is replaced in real time with a virtual object having one or more of the reflection and the lighting environment of the tracked object.
A system to store digital information in DNA using a lossy DNA process involves encoding synchronization and addressing information with the digital information into DNA oligonucleotides and decoding the digital information from multiple oligonucleotide segments using synchronization based on the synchronization information. The encoding and decoding includes error correction coding (ECC) and decoding, respectively, using a two-dimensional forward error correction (FEC) code.
H03M 13/29 - Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
G06N 3/12 - Computing arrangements based on biological models using genetic models
G11C 13/00 - Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups , , or
88.
APPARATUS, METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DIGITAL INFORMATION STORAGE IN DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA)
A system to store digital information in DNA using a lossy DNA process involves encoding (1601) synchronization and addressing information with the digital information (1605) into DNA oligonucleotides (1627) and decoding (1602) the digital information from multiple oligonucleotide segments using coded alignment based on the synchronization information.
H03M 13/29 - Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
G06N 3/12 - Computing arrangements based on biological models using genetic models
G11C 13/00 - Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups , , or
89.
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING A DIGITAL SIGNAL RECEIVER
A method for operating a digital signal receiver is disclosed. A salient idea of the present principles is to use a smart antenna system embedded in a digital signal receiver, the smart antenna system being operable in an omnidirectional mode and in a plurality of directional modes, the smart antenna system being further associated with a two steps installation method of the digital signal receiver. The first step of the installation method comprises determining an indoor location for positioning the digital signal receiver based on measuring the signal strength of the available RF channels received through an omnidirectional radiation pattern of the smart antenna system. The second step of the installation method comprises configuring the smart antenna system, located at the determined location by the selection of a directional mode for each channel, based on a signal quality such as a signal to noise ratio, a bit error rate or any combination thereof. The smart antenna system can also be advantageously leveraged by a further optional step of dynamic optimization of the signal quality in order to take into account dynamic changes of the propagation conditions.
A method for applying an effect of augmented or mixed reality, the effect having an impact on at least one part of a real-world 3D scene, the method comprising, for each of at least two images of the scene: acquiring the image according to a camera pose; for at least one 3D point of the scene, a processing (80-84) (either determining and storing texture and confidence information associated with the 3D point, if the 3D point is visible in the image and not already associated with stored information, or before the determining/storing and updating the stored information based on a comparison between determined and stored confidence information, if the 3D point is visible in the image and already associated with stored information); modifying (85-810) at least one effect parameter, based on the stored information associated to each 3D point of the at least one impacted part of the scene.
The present disclosure concerns an image sensor comprising at least one sensing unit, said at least one sensing unit comprising means for converting light into a readable electric signal. The image sensor is remarkable in that said at least one sensing unit comprises light guiding means for guiding light in direction to said means for converting light into a readable electric signal, said light guiding means comprising: - at least one layer of a dielectric material, having a first refractive index with a surface having at least one abrupt change of level forming a step, and - an element having a second refractive index lower than said first refractive index, which is in contact with said step.
An assembly for transferring RF signals from antenna contact pads on a printed circuit board includes a first printed circuit board, at least one conductive contact attached to the first printed circuit board, an RF connector attached to the first printed circuit board having a center conductor of the RF connector attached to the at least one conductive contact, and a second printed circuit board having RF circuitry and at least one contact pad. The second printed circuit board is mounted orthogonally to the first printed circuit board such that the at least one conductive contact of the first printed circuit board makes mechanical contact with the at least one contact pad on the second printed circuit board.
A method of and device configured for transmitting data representative of an image, the method comprising: obtaining a first parameter representative of a visualisation direction associated with a first image representative of a first part of a scene, the first image corresponding to a first part of a large field-of-view content; updating a body model by applying the first parameter to the body model; comparing at least a second parameter of the updated body model to at least a reference value to determine a first level of visualisation comfort; and transmitting data representative of a second image when the first level of visualisation comfort is less than a determined level, the second image being representative of a second part of the scene, the second part of the scene being different from the first part of the scene.
H04N 21/218 - Source of audio or video content, e.g. local disk arrays
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
H04N 13/00 - PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION - Details thereof
H04N 21/442 - Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed or the storage space available from the internal hard disk
H04N 21/6587 - Control parameters, e.g. trick play commands or viewpoint selection
A device for shielding at least one sub-wavelength-scale object (10) from an electromagnetic wave (20), which is incident on said device, comprises at least one layer of a dielectric material (Media 1), a surface of which having at least one abrupt change of level forming a step. At least a lower and lateral part of said surface with respect to said step is in contact with a medium (111) having a refractive index (n2) lower than that (n1) of said dielectric material. Said at least one sub-wavelength-scale object (10) is located within said device in a quiet zone (QZ) where an electromagnetic field intensity is below a threshold, said quiet zone extending above said surface, in the vicinity of said step, in a direction of incidence of said electromagnetic wave (20).
A method for detecting a status of a door is disclosed. A salient idea of the present principles is to interrogate a RFID tag comprising an integrated circuit connected to a first antenna part operatively couplable to and separable from a second antenna part, and to associate the operative separation / coupling of the two antenna parts with a relative position or an operative status of a first element relative to a second element such as for example a door relative to a doorframe. For example, the first antenna part of the RFID tag is adapted to be installed on the first element (i.e. the door), and the second antenna part is adapted to face the first antenna part as the first element is in a first position (i.e. the door is closed) and to not face the first antenna part as the first element is in a second position (i.e. the door is open). Facing antenna parts are adapted to receive an operating energy from a RF carrier for sending a backscattered reply, and the first antenna part receiving a RF carrier while not facing the second antenna part, is further adapted to not receive a sufficient amount of operating energy for sending a backscattered reply.
G08B 13/08 - Mechanical actuation by opening, e.g. of door, of window, of drawer, of shutter, of curtain, of blind
G06K 19/07 - Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards with integrated circuit chips
H01Q 1/22 - Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
G08B 29/16 - Security signalling or alarm systems, e.g. redundant systems
G06K 19/077 - Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
G06K 7/00 - Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers
96.
DEVICE FOR FORMING AT LEAST ONE TILTED FOCUSED BEAM IN THE NEAR ZONE, FROM INCIDENT ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
A device for forming at least one focused beam in a near‐field zone, from an electromagnetic wave incident on the device, is remarkable in that it comprises at least one layer of dielectric material comprising at least partially at least one cavity, the at least one cavity being filled in with a medium having a refractive index lower than that of the dielectric material. The at least one cavity is targeted to be cylindrical or cone‐shaped and comprises at least one base surface, defined with respect to an arrival direction of the electromagnetic wave, and at least one lateral surface. The at least one base surface is delineated by a base edge line which has a shape of a crescent moon, comprising a concave base edge line segment and a convex base edge line segment, which shape, and/or orientation and/or associated base angles between the at least one base surface and the at least one lateral surface control an angular position of a projection of the at least one focused beam on a plane orthogonal to the arrival direction of the electromagnetic wave and comprising at least part of the at least one base surface, called an azimuth angle.
In one embodiment of the disclosure, it is proposed a photolithography device for generating structure on a photoresist substrate, the photolithography device comprising a light illumination unit and a photomask. The photomask is remarkable in that it comprises at least one layer of dielectric material and a medium having a refractive index lower than that of said dielectric material, wherein a surface of said at least one layer of dielectric material has at least one abrupt change of level forming a step, and wherein at least a base and lateral part of said surface, with respect to said step and a propagation direction of an electromagnetic wave from said light illumination unit, is in contact with said medium.
An interconnection device for feeding an antenna is described. The interconnection device includes a flexible substrate, one or more ground elements disposed on at least one side of the flexible substrate and a transmission element disposed on at least one side of the flexible substrate. One of the at least one ground elements and the transmission element are positioned over a portion of the other, when the flexible substrate is assembled to form the interconnection device.
For rendering a 3D scene comprising a surface and illuminated by an area light source (A), a glossy part of a radiance is represented by drawing samples between the light source and the surface according to a random sampling process exploiting a density function (L3). Two density distributions are determined: a first one associated with reflectance properties at a shading point of the surface and with a view direction (I), and a second one associated with geometrical properties of the light source. The density function for the shading point is obtained from a product of the first and second density distributions, which are represented respectively by a first and a second cosine lobes (L1, L2). Preferably, that density function is itself represented by a third cosine lobe (L3). Application to a GPU.
Apparatus (300, 400) and method (1700) for harvesting energy are provided. The apparatus includes an antenna (310, 410), a first rectifier (332, 432) coupled to the antenna that harvests energy in a first frequency band including a first frequency substantially equal to a multiple of a fundamental frequency, at least one second rectifier (334, 434, 436) coupled to the antenna that harvests energy in at least one second frequency band including a respective at least one second frequency substantially equal to a multiple k' of the fundamental frequency, for k' greater than one, and a combiner (338, 438) that combines the first and the at least one second rectifier outputs to provide an output signal (340, 440).. The apparatus (300, 400) and method (1700) may provide power to passive or semi-passive devices, e.g., a Radio Frequency Identification device. The apparatus may be included in the devices.
G06K 19/07 - Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards with integrated circuit chips
patents
