The multiple rig stress corrosion cracking testing device is a stress corrosion cracking and sulfide stress cracking testing device for engineering material specimens. The device includes a pressure and temperature autoclave chamber and also includes four testing rigs for simultaneous stress corrosion cracking testing of a circumferential notched tensile specimen, a compact tension or a double cantilever beam specimen, a cantilever bend specimen, and a center cracked plate specimen under varying experimental conditions. The specimens may be of similar or different materials.
A desalination and cooling system (100) includes a single effect water-lithium bromide vapor absorption cycle (VAC) system (104, 130) and a forward osmosis with thermal-recovery (FO-TR) desalination system (112). The FO system (112) employs a Thermo-Responsive Draw Solution (TRDS) Fresh water (120) flows from the FS to the TRDS without application of pressure on the saline water. Afterwards, only thermal energy is required to extract fresh water from the TRDS and recover or regenerate the draw solution. The VAC system (104, 130) serves as a cooling source for cooling or air conditioning applications, generating waste heat as a result. The waste heat generated by the VAC system (104, 130) provides the thermal energy needed to recover the draw solution (DS). The VAC system (104, 130) can be powered by low-grade heat sources like solar thermal energy.
B01D 61/00 - Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
F25B 15/06 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
F25B 27/00 - Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
4.
Apparatus for measuring performance of suspension for cooling computer processing unit
The apparatus for measuring performance of a suspension for cooling a computer processing unit is a measurement and testing tool allowing for the fabrication of new suspensions, and measuring and testing their short-term and long-term thermal performance in real time on any liquid-cooled computer processing unit. The suspension is prepared in a sample receiving reservoir and pumped across the unit, and then input to an air-cooled heat exchanger for recirculation back to the sample receiving reservoir. Temperatures of the working fluid are measured between the sample receiving reservoir and the computer processing unit, between the unit and the heat exchanger, and after output from the heat exchanger. Pressure differentials of the working fluid is measured across the computer processing unit and across the heat exchanger.
G01N 25/18 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating thermal conductivity
H01L 23/473 - Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation involving the transfer of heat by flowing fluids by flowing liquids
a). The chemical treatment, on the other hand, was performed on the asphaltene (i.e., graphene precursor) by dispersing the asphaltene molecules in a liquid intercalating agent to functionalize the asphaltene and expand the inter-layer distance between the aromatic sheets (intercalation). In this intercalation process, the graphitic surface of asphaltene is oxidized to form asphaltene oxide, and then graphene oxide (GO), which is a nonconductive hydrophilic carbon material.
A desalination and cooling system includes a single effect water-lithium bromide vapor absorption cycle (VAC) system and a forward osmosis with thermal-recovery (FO-TR) desalination system. The FO system employs a Thermo-Responsive Draw Solution (TRDS) Fresh water flows from the FS to the TRDS without application of pressure on the saline water. Afterwards, only thermal energy is required to extract fresh water from the TRDS and recover or regenerate the draw solution. The VAC system serves as a cooling source for cooling or air conditioning applications, generating waste heat as a result. The waste heat generated by the VAC system provides the thermal energy needed to recover the draw solution (DS). The VAC system can be powered by low-grade heat sources like solar thermal energy.
C02F 1/44 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
B01D 61/00 - Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
A method for making metal organic frameworks (MOFs) includes the step of dissolving metal salts in deionized water to form first solution, followed by adding a cyclic propyl phosphonic anhydride reagent to the first solution to form a second solution. The second solution is heated to form a reaction mixture containing MOF crystals, and is then cooled. The MOF crystals are filtered therefrom, washed and dried. To make metal organic framework-based thin film nanocomposite membranes, the MOF crystals are mixed with an m-phenylene diamine aqueous solution to form a mixture, which is then poured on a top surface of an ultrafiltration membrane substrate to form a first intermediate membrane structure. The first intermediate membrane structure is dried, and trimesolyl chloride in n-hexane solution is poured thereon to form a second intermediate membrane structure, which is cured to form an MOF-based thin film nanocomposite membrane, which is then rinsed and dried.
The system for processing waste includes both a fixed bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor. The fixed bed reactor receives a first waste material and produces a first set of reaction products. The fluidized bed reactor is adapted for receiving a second waste material and producing a second set of reaction products. The first and second sets of reaction products may be selectively and adjustably mixed to produce a mixed set of reaction products. At least one cyclone separator receives the reaction products and separates and collects solids (waxes) from the product stream. At least one condenser receives the product stream and removes a condensable liquids from the product stream. The condensable liquids are collected, and a gas-liquid separator removes any remaining liquid from the gas stream. The remaining gas is then output as gaseous product.
B01J 8/18 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
F23G 5/30 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels with combustion in a fluidised bed
F23G 5/44 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels - Details; Accessories
C10B 47/24 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with moving charge in dispersed form according to the "fluidised bed" technique
F23G 5/34 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels in which the waste or low-grade fuel is burnt in a pit or arranged in a heap for combustion
F23G 5/00 - Methods or apparatus, e.g. incinerators, specially adapted for combustion of waste or low-grade fuels
9.
Integrated desalination and air conditioning system
2O—LiBr) vapor absorption cycle (AbC) system. The AbC system includes an AbC generator that provides a heating source for an AbC condenser that heats the air input of the HdH; two AbC absorbers that provide heating sources for the feed seawater; a first AbC evaporator that provides a cooling source for the humidified air produced in the HdH; and a second AbC evaporator that provides a cooling source for use outside the system. The heat input for the AbC generator can be provided by low-grade heat sources, such as waste heat or solar thermal energy. The system is capable of producing fresh water and/or cold air at different capacities, depending on water demands and cooling load requirements.
F24F 3/14 - Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by dehumidification
F24F 5/00 - Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by group or
F25B 15/06 - Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
The high water recovery hybrid membrane system for desalination and brine concentration combines nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and forward osmosis to produce pure water from seawater. The reject side of a nanofiltration unit receives a stream of seawater and outputs a brine stream. A permeate side of the nanofiltration unit outputs a permeate stream. A feed side of a reverse osmosis desalination unit receives a first portion of the permeate stream and outputs a reject stream. A permeate side of the reverse osmosis desalination unit outputs pure water. A draw side of at least one forward osmosis desalination unit receives the reject stream and outputs concentrated saline solution. A feed side of the at least one forward osmosis desalination unit receives a second portion of the permeate stream and outputs a dilute saline stream, which mixes with the first portion of the permeate stream fed to the reverse osmosis desalination unit.
B01D 61/00 - Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
The bioorganic soil conditioner includes biochar derived from plant waste and a mix of chemicals including sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol. The bioorganic soil conditioner is made by infusing biochar from lignin-rich plant waste with the mix of chemicals. The bioorganic soil conditioner improves soil aggregation and moisture and nutrient retention capacity. Thus, the bioorganic soil conditioner may be added to soil to improve crop production and stabilize soil, for example, in conditions of high wind or desertification.
The high water recovery hybrid membrane system for desalination and brine concentration combines nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and forward osmosis to produce pure water from seawater. The reject side of a nanofiltration unit receives a stream of seawater and outputs a brine stream. A permeate side of the nanofiltration unit outputs a permeate stream. A feed side of a reverse osmosis desalination unit receives a first portion of the permeate stream and outputs a reject stream. A permeate side of the reverse osmosis desalination unit outputs pure water. A draw side of at least one forward osmosis desalination unit receives the reject stream and outputs concentrated saline solution. A feed side of the at least one forward osmosis desalination unit receives a second portion of the permeate stream and outputs a dilute saline stream, which mixes with the first portion of the permeate stream fed to the reverse osmosis desalination unit.
C02F 9/00 - Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
B01D 61/00 - Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
The device and method for measuring the effect of soiling on a photovoltaic device includes a device in which a photovoltaic device (reference solar cell, solar cells, PV module, etc.) may be shifted between partially and fully enclosed compartments in quick succession for measurements of the same device (1) when directly exposed to illumination or solar radiation; (2) when placed under a glass or transparent cover maintained cleared or cleaned of soil; and (3) when placed under glass or transparent cover left exposed to natural outdoor soiling, or attenuated using simulated soil that is not periodically cleaned. The measurements may be of short circuit current (Isc), maximum power (Pmax), or other electrical parameter conventionally used to evaluate performance of the photovoltaic device. A soiling ratio calculated as: (I) or calculated as: (II) may be used to compare or monitor performance of the photovoltaic device between measurement cycles.
The device and method for measuring effect of soiling on a photovoltaic device includes a device in which a photovoltaic device (reference solar cell, solar cells, PV module, etc.) may be shifted between partially and fully enclosed compartments in quick succession for measurements of the same device (1) when directly exposed to illumination or solar radiation; (2) when placed under a glass or transparent cover maintained cleared or cleaned of soil; and (3) when placed under glass or transparent cover left exposed to natural outdoor soiling, or attenuated using simulated soil that is not periodically cleaned. The measurements may be of short circuit current (Isc), maximum power (Pmax), which are used to calculate the to soiling ratio. If the transparent covers have substantially identical optical properties and meet identical requirements for positioning relative to the DUT, only measurements (2) and (3) are required, and calculations of the soiling ratio are simplified.
The device and method for measuring the effect of soiling on a photovoltaic device includes a device in which a photovoltaic device (reference solar cell, solar cells, PV module, etc.) may be shifted between partially and fully enclosed compartments in quick succession for measurements of the same device (1) when directly exposed to illumination or solar radiation; (2) when placed under a glass or transparent cover maintained cleared or cleaned of soil; and (3) when placed under glass or transparent cover left exposed to natural outdoor soiling, or attenuated using simulated soil that is not periodically cleaned. The measurements may be of short circuit current (Isc), maximum power (Pmax), or other electrical parameter conventionally used to evaluate performance of the photovoltaic device. A soiling ratio calculated as:
or calculated as:
may be used to compare or monitor performance of the photovoltaic device between measurement cycles.
G01R 31/00 - Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
H02S 50/10 - Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
G01N 21/94 - Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
The method for damping ocean waves in a coastal area uses a barrier having a plurality of vertical walls positioned parallel to one another, each wall defining a plurality of horizontally extending slots. The dimensions of the slots, or overall porosity of the wall, and the number of walls positioned in parallel may be varied to provide different levels of damping. Accordingly, a desired amount of damping may be provided through varying the porosity of the walls and the number of walls. The method defines a transmission coefficient equal to the wave height of waves transmitted from the barrier divided by the wave height of waves incident on the barrier, and collects experimental data normalized with the significant wave height and the wavelength at the peak period for the depth of water to select the combination of wall number and porosity to produce the desired damping.
max), or other electrical parameter conventionally used to evaluate performance of the photovoltaic device. A soiling ratio calculated as:
or calculated as:
may be used to compare or monitor performance of the photovoltaic device between measurement cycles.
The method for doping Mg with Ni includes cold-rolling the Mg material and then cold-spraying with Ni powder, and preferably further cold rolling the Ni-coated Mg to achieve the final Ni-doped Mg material. Preferably the Mg material is cold rolled for about 300 passes and the final Ni-doping concentration is about 5 wt. %.
The device and method for measuring the effect of soiling on a photovoltaic device includes a device in which a photovoltaic device (reference solar cell, solar cells, PV module, etc.) may be shifted between partially and fully enclosed compartments in quick succession for measurements of the same device (1) when directly exposed to illumination or solar radiation; (2) when placed under a glass or transparent cover maintained cleared or cleaned of soil; and (3) when placed under glass or transparent cover left exposed to natural outdoor soiling, or attenuated using simulated soil that is not periodically cleaned. The measurements may be of short circuit current (Isc), maximum power (Pmax), or other electrical parameter conventionally used to evaluate performance of the photovoltaic device. A soiling ratio calculated as:
or calculated as:
may be used to compare or monitor performance of the photovoltaic device between measurement cycles.
A method for synthesizing thin film stainless steel coating can include using an e-beam PVD technique for depositing elements of stainless steel, i.e., Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, and Mn, on a target surface, e.g., a surface of metallic origin. The method can include thermal evaporation of a source stainless steel material at a given percentage of electron beam power and a given vacuum pressure to provide a stainless steel coating layer on the target surface. The stainless steel coating layer can have a uniform thickness of about 150 nm, for example. The method can provide uniform stainless steel elemental distribution on the target surface. The stainless steel of the coating layer on the target surface can be of a grade that is different from the source stainless steel.
5+0.5 wt. % TiC+0.5 wt. % VC, to form a mixture, and then performing reactive ball milling on the mixture. Preferably, the reactive ball milling is performed for a period of 50 hours.
C01B 3/00 - Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
B22F 1/00 - Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
B22F 9/04 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
B82Y 30/00 - Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
The pressure-reduced saline water treatment system combines both forward osmosis and reverse osmosis techniques for the desalination of salt water, such as seawater. A feed side of the reverse osmosis desalination unit is in fluid communication with the feed side of the forward osmosis desalination unit, such that seawater drawn through the feed side of the forward osmosis desalination unit is fed into the feed side of the reverse osmosis desalination unit. The reverse osmosis desalination unit outputs product water extracted from the seawater from a permeate side thereof. The feed side of the reverse osmosis desalination unit outputs a reject stream, which is fed to a draw side of the forward osmosis desalination unit, such that the draw side of the forward osmosis desalination unit receives the reject stream and outputs concentrated brine.
The desalination system with mineral recovery is a system for desalinating water using spray drying, which allows for both the production of purified water and the recovery of mineral salts. The desalination system with mineral recovery is a two-stage system for zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination of feed water. The feed water may be, for example, seawater, reverse osmosis (RO) brine (i.e., the waste brine from a RO process), nano-filtration (NF) reject, multistage flash (MSF) brine, or the like. The first stage receives the feed water and uses a spray drying process to produce concentrated brine and a first volume of purified water. The concentrated brine is fed to the second stage, which also uses a spray drying process to produce a second volume of purified water and a volume of recovered mineral salts.
The fatigue cracking machine for circumferential notched tensile (CNT) specimens is a device for pre-cracking a CNT specimen prior to SCC testing. The machine uses a specimen holding cylinder attached to the shaft of a motor by a coupling, the holding cylinder being rotatably mounted in a bearing mounted in a bearing support fixed to a platform. The machine also uses a load cylinder rotatably mounted in a load bearing supported in a load fork, the load fork having a shaft adjustably mounted in a bearing support block. A dial indicator is fixed to a post rigidly mounted on the platform with the indicator's plunger bearing against the load bearing. An adjustment bolt bears against the end of the load fork shaft to displace the load bearing, applying a bending force to the specimen while it rotates, the displacement being measured by the dial indicator.
The system and method for pretreating turbid seawater utilizes polyelectrolyte dosing, clarification through a clarifier system and centrifugation in a decanter centrifuge followed by microfiltration to treat seawater prior to its injection through a desalination plant. The system for pretreating turbid seawater includes a static mixer for mixing a polyelectrolyte with a stream of turbid seawater to produce a polyelectrolyte-treated seawater mixture. At least one clarifier tank is in fluid communication with the static mixer for receiving the polyelectrolyte-treated seawater mixture and removing a first portion of solids therefrom to produce a clarified seawater mixture. A decanter centrifuge is in fluid communication with the at least one clarifier tank for receiving the clarified seawater mixture and removing a second portion of solids therefrom to produce centrifuged seawater. A microfiltration system is in fluid communication with the decanter centrifuge for receiving the centrifuged seawater to produce the pretreated seawater.
The method of making a nanocomposite polyelectrolyte membrane is a process for forming membranes for use in hydrogen and methanol fuel cell applications, for example. A hydrophobic polymer, such as polypropylene, is blended with a nanofiller, such halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) or propylene-grafted maleic anhydride nano-layered silica (Ma-Si), to form a dry mix, which is then pelletized for extrusion in a twin-screw extruder to form a thin film nanocomposite. The thin film nanocomposite is then annealed and cold stretched at room temperature. The cold stretching is followed by stretching at a temperature ranging from approximately 110° C. to approximately 140° C. The nanocomposite is then heat set to form the nanocomposite polyelectrolyte membrane. The nanocomposite polyelectrolyte membrane may then be further plasma etched and impregnated with a sulfonated polymer, such as sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, a polycarboxylate superplasticizer or perfluorosulfonic acid.
A thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane or TFC-NF membrane includes an ultrafiltration support membrane coated with a trimesic acid coating layer. The trimesic acid coating layer is formed or self-assembled on the ultrafiltration support membrane by pouring an aqueous solution of a water soluble tertiary amine on the support membrane to form a first coating layer and then applying a solution of trimesolychloride on the first coating layer. In other words, the trimesic acid coating layer can be formed as a result of the liquid-liquid interface of the water soluble tertiary amine and the trimesolychloride. A total thickness of the TFC-NF membrane can be about 150 μm. The thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membrane can be free from MPD monomers.
The pyrolysis reactor system for the conversion and analysis of organic solid waste is a dual gas-liquid separation system, allowing for the conversion of organic solid waste, as well as analysis of the conversion products. A pyrolysis reactor is provided for converting the organic solid waste into a solid product and a gas-liquid product mixture through pyrolysis. A source of carrier gas is in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor for degrading the organic solid waste. A first gas-liquid separator is in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor and receives the gas-liquid product mixture therefrom, separating a portion of gas therefrom. A second gas-liquid separator is in fluid communication with the first gas-liquid separator and receives the gas-liquid product mixture therefrom and separates the remainder of the gas therefrom. The remainder of the gas and the separated liquid are each collected separately from one another, in addition to the char.
C10B 47/02 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge
C10B 47/04 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge in shaft furnaces
C10B 47/06 - Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge in retorts
C10B 53/07 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
C10B 53/00 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
G01N 31/12 - Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroups; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
29.
PYROLYSIS REACTOR SYSTEM FOR THE CONVERSION AND ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC SOLID WASTE
KUWAIT INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH GLOBAL PATENT TRUST (USA)
Inventor
Al-Salem, Sultan
Abstract
The pyrolysis reactor system for the conversion and analysis of organic solid waste (10) is a dual gas-liquid separation system, allowing for the conversion of organic solid waste, as well as analysis of the conversion products. A pyrolysis reactor (40) is provided for converting the organic solid waste into a solid product and a gas-liquid product mixture through pyrolysis. A source of carrier gas (12) is in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor (40) for degrading the organic solid waste. A first gas-liquid separator (70) is in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor (40) and receives the gas-liquid product mixture therefrom, separating a portion of gas therefrom. A second gas-liquid separator (82) is in fluid communication with the first gas-liquid separator (70) and receives the gas-liquid product mixture therefrom and separates the remainder of the gas therefrom.
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
KUWAIT INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH GLOBAL PATENT TRUST (USA)
Inventor
El-Eskandarany, Mohamed Sherif Mohamed Mostafa
Shaaban, Ehab Abdelhaleem Abdelmotalb
Ali, Naser Mustafa Abdul Nabi
Aldakheel, Fahad Ahmed Jasem Mohamed
Alkandary, Abdullah Ramadhan Abdullah
Abstract
A method for synthesis of MgH2/Ni nanocomposites includes balancing magnesium (Mg) powder in a ball milling container with helium (H2) gas atmosphere; adding a plurality of nickel (Ni) milling balls to the container; introducing hydrogen (¾) gas to the container to form a MgH2 powder; milling the Mg¾ powder using the Ni -balls as milling media to provide MgH2/Ni nanocomposites. The milling can be high-energy ball milling, e.g., under 50 bar of hydrogen gas atmosphere. The high-energy ball milling can be reactive ball milling (RBM). The method can be used to attach Ni to MgH2 powders to enhance the kinetics of hydrogenation/dehydrogenation of MgH2.
KUWAIT INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH GLOBAL PATENT TRUST (USA)
Inventor
El-Sayed, Essam El-Din Farag
Abstract
The combination multi-effect distillation and multi-stage flash evaporation system (10) integrates a multi-stage flash (MSF) evaporation system (200) with a multi-effect distillation (MED) system (100) such that the flashing temperature range of the MSF process is shifted upward on the temperature scale, while the MED distillation process operates in the lower temperature range. The multi-stage flash evaporation system (200) includes a plurality of flash evaporation/condensation stages, such that the multi-stage flash evaporation system (200) receives a volume of seawater or brine from an external source and produces distilled water. The multi-effect distillation system (100) includes a plurality of condensation/evaporation effects (18), such that the multi-effect distillation system (100) receives concentrated brine from the multi-stage flash desalination system (200) and produces distilled water.
A method for preparing nanosized sulfide catalysts includes providing an aqueous solution having an organometallic complex, mixing the organometallic complex with a sulfiding agent, an emulsifier, and a hydrocarbon oil to prepare a water-in-oil nanoemulsion; subjecting the water-in-oil nanoemulsion to thermal decomposition and isolating a solid product from the liquid.
B01J 27/00 - Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
2/g, a total pore volume ranging from about 0.25 ml/g to about 1.5 ml/g, about 20% of the pores having a diameter greater than 150 nm, about 70% of the pores having a diameter ranging from about 2 nm to about 150 nm, and about 10% of the pores having a diameter less than 2 nm. The plurality of transition metals include one Group VIII element and one or more Group VI elements.
A hydrodemetallization (HDM) catalyst includes an alumina and carbon extrudate support having a weight ratio of about 1:1 alumina to carbon and bimodal type pore size distribution, i.e., both meso-porosity and macro-porosity. The support can be impregnated with at least one hydrogenation active metal and, optionally, at least one promoter metal from the transition metals of Groups 6, 8, 9, and 10 of the Periodic Table. The hydrogenation active metal can be, for example, Mo, W, and Fe. The promoter metal can be, for example, Co, Ni, and Fe. The catalyst may further include ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA).
B01J 23/76 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups
B01J 35/00 - Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
C10G 45/02 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
C10G 45/04 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
B01J 31/26 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups
B01J 31/04 - Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
B01J 37/02 - Impregnation, coating or precipitation
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 45/06 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
KUWAIT INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH GLOBAL PATENT TRUST (USA)
Inventor
El-Eskandarany, Mohamed Sherif Mohamed Mostafa
Abstract
A method for synthesizing nanodiamonds includes high energy ball milling of graphite powder for a period of at least 52 hours at a rotation speed of about 400 rotations per minute to produce nanodiamonds. The ball milling can occur in an inert atmosphere at ambient pressure and room temperature. The nanodiamonds can have a spherical morphology and a particle size distribution ranging from about 1 nanometer to about 10 nanometers.
The integrated reverse osmosis/pressure retarded osmosis system includes a first housing configured for pretreating feed brine, a second housing, a third housing configured for pretreatment of seawater, a first splitter positioned in communicating relation with the third housing, a first pump positioned in communicating relation with the first splitter, a fourth housing positioned in communicating relation with the first pump, a mixer positioned in communicating relation with the second housing and the first splitter, a first energy recovery system positioned in communicating relation with the second housing, a second energy recovery system positioned in communicating relation with the fourth housing, and a generator. The fourth housing configured for receiving pressurized seawater and producing desalinated product water by reverse osmosis. The second housing configured to receive feed brine from an oil production waste stream and decrease the salinity of the feed brine by pressure retarded osmosis.
B01D 61/00 - Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
A method for synthesizing nanodiamonds includes high energy ball milling of graphite powder for a period of at least 52 hours at a rotation speed of about 400 rotations per minute to produce nanodiamonds. The ball milling can occur in an inert atmosphere at ambient pressure and room temperature. The nanodiamonds can have a spherical morphology and a particle size distribution ranging from about 1 nanometer to about 10 nanometers.
The system for testing stress corrosion cracking (SCC) includes an autoclave having at least one heating element selectively actuated to heat the interior portion of the autoclave, the autoclave being configured for receiving a liquid and/or gas and for forming a corrosive fluid. The system also includes a circulation assembly having a flow line and a test section line. A plurality of test sections is positioned in series along the test section line and configured for receiving the corrosive fluid via the test section line once the required temperature is reached to expose the specimens directly to the corrosive fluid, the fluid flowing through a section of the flow line parallel to the test section line until the required temperature is reached. The circulation assembly includes a circulating pump, a flowmeter positioned along the flow line, and a pressure assembly mounted on the autoclave.
The combination multi-effect distillation and multi-stage flash evaporation system integrates a multi-stage flash (MSF) evaporation system with a multi-effect distillation (MED) system such that the flashing temperature range of the MSF process is shifted upward on the temperature scale, while the MED distillation process operates in the lower temperature range. The multi-stage flash evaporation system includes a plurality of flash evaporation/condensation stages, such that the multi-stage flash evaporation system receives a volume of seawater or brine from an external source and produces distilled water. The multi-effect distillation system includes a plurality of condensation/evaporation effects, such that the multi-effect distillation system receives concentrated brine from the multi-stage flash desalination system and produces distilled water.
The seawater surface sampling device is a buoyant device for sampling the topmost layer of water in a body of water in order to study water properties specific to depths of only about 0.5 cm. The seawater sampling device includes a buoyant housing having an open upper end, a lower wall and at least one sidewall. The lower wall has a concave contour, and an aperture is formed through the lower wall at an apex of the concave contour. A pump is mounted on an upper surface of the lower wall, within the buoyant housing, and is in fluid communication with the aperture for extracting the water sample therethrough. A sample holder is also mounted on the upper surface of the lower wall, within the buoyant housing, for removably receiving a sample collection bottle.
10 powder to form a mixture, and then performing reactive ball milling on the mixture. Preferably, the reactive ball milling is performed under 50 bar of hydrogen gas atmosphere for a period of 50 hours.
C01B 6/04 - Hydrides of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium or magnesium; Addition complexes thereof
B01J 23/89 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
C01B 3/00 - Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
43.
Planchet holder for electrodeposition of materials
The planchet holder for electrodeposition of materials includes a container cover configured to securely fit over the mouth of a beaker. An elongate suspension post passes through a through-hole in the cover a predetermined distance, and a holder assembly is coupled to the suspension post to be suspended within the beaker at a select height from the bottom of the beaker. A planchet receptacle extends axially from a body of the holder assembly, and a substrate recess is formed at a distal end of the planchet receptacle for selective placement of a planchet. An endcap is secured onto the planchet receptacle to securely capture the planchet, and a port in the endcap exposes one face of the planchet for electrodeposition of a material. The planchet holder holds the planchet stationary within the beaker and exposes only one face for electrodeposition and subsequent analysis, thereby reducing time and costs.
A system for measuring glass transition temperature of a polymer can include a cell having a closed bottom and a peripheral wall extending from the bottom, a sample holder having a first supporting pin and a second supporting pin spaced apart from the first supporting pin, a loading probe in the cell for selectively contacting a polymer sample disposed on the sample holder, a temperature probe in the cell, a heater in the cell, a temperature sensor, a source of pressure, a source of gas in communication with the cell, and a data acquisition system operably connected to the loading probe, the temperature probe and the source of pressure. The first and second supporting pins and the loading probe in the cell provide a three-point flexural bending assembly for measuring bending of the polymer sample under varied conditions of temperature and pressure in the presence of a gas.
The gelling agent for water shut-off in oil and gas wells is a composition that forms a gel to reduce or eliminate the flow of water in a gas or oil well. The composition is formed by mixing polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, or mixtures thereof with an amino-aldehyde oligomer, such as urea formaldehyde or melamine formaldehyde, with or without a cross-linker. The polymer composition can be used to minimize or completely shut off excess water production with insignificant reduction in hydrocarbon productivity.
The floating breakwater includes various different embodiments, as can have an anchored or moored float. The float is desirably in the geometric form of a generally rectangular solid configuration, but can include other forms. One or more baffles or skirt walls extend from the bottom surface of the float, thereby attenuating subsurface wave action to a greater depth than the bottom of the float. Each of the baffles or skirt walls desirably includes a thin, flat, monolithic plate member for enhancing hydrodynamic resistance. The one or more baffles or skirt walls can be continuous and unbroken, or can have a plurality of apertures therethrough. When three or more baffles or skirt walls are provided they can be evenly spaced, or the spacing therebetween can vary. When two or more baffles or skirt walls are provided they can have equal depths, or their depths can differ from one another.
The process using multiple waste streams to manufacture synthetic lightweight aggregate includes providing a mixture of aggregate wash and at least one of another waste stream, such as waste lube oil or sewage sludge. The mixture is formed into pellets and subjected to various firing stages and temperatures in which the calcination and subsequent bloating occurs. The mixture can also be added to natural clays to form corresponding pellets. The bloating promotes formation of porous cavities, and once cooled, the pellets form lightweight, low density synthetic aggregates suitable for use as building materials, thermal insulators, and the like.
The fluid expansion engine uses a liquid working fluid contained by primary pressurized cylinders. A heat exchange system alternately cycles hot and cold through the primary pressurized cylinders. As a result, the liquid working fluid in the cylinders reciprocally expands and contracts. The work done by the fluid expansion engine is extracted via a hydraulic pump and gearbox connected to secondary pressurized cylinders attached to the primary pressurized cylinders.
F01K 25/02 - Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for the fluid remaining in the liquid phase
F02G 1/044 - Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
F03G 7/06 - Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying, or the like
F01K 25/12 - Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being metallic, e.g. mercury
2O)) formed into multi-layered hollow cylinders having walls that are formed from alternating layers of alumina and silica. The membrane is formed by extrusion of the nanocomposite with stretching over rollers during the extrusion, followed by annealing, cold stretching at room temperature, and hot stretching. The resulting membrane is microporous and can be used as a membrane distillation (MD) membrane for seawater and brackish water desalination.
B01D 69/02 - Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
C02F 1/04 - Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
B29C 47/00 - Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor (extrusion blow-moulding B29C 49/04)
The gelling agent for water shut-off in oil and gas wells is a composition that forms a gel to reduce or eliminate the flow of water in a gas or oil well. The composition is formed by mixing polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, or mixtures thereof with an amino-aldehyde oligomer, such as urea formaldehyde or melamine formaldehyde, with or without a cross-linker. The polymer composition can be used to minimize or completely shut off excess water production with insignificant reduction in hydrocarbon productivity.
KUWAIT INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH GLOBAL PATENT TRUST (USA)
Inventor
Marafi, Meena
Abstract
A process for the selective recovery of Mo, V, Ni, Co and Al from spent hydroprocessing catalysts includes the steps of treating the spent catalysts to recovery metals, support as well as chemicals. The process steps include deoiling, decoking, washing, dissolving, complexing agent treatment, acid treatment and solvent extraction. This process uses limited steps than conventional processes by the use of ultrasonic agitation for metal extraction and the presence of a chelating agent particularly Ethylene Diamine Tetra-Acetic Acid (EDTA). The process also discloses the compete recovery of the extracting agent EDTA with high purity for reuse.
A process for the selective recovery of Mo, V, Ni, Co and Al from spent hydroprocessing catalysts includes the steps of treating the spent catalysts to recovery metals, support as well as chemicals. The process steps include deoiling, decoking, washing, dissolving, complexing agent treatment, acid treatment and solvent extraction. This process uses limited steps than conventional processes by the use of ultrasonic agitation for metal extraction and the presence of a chelating agent particularly Ethylene Diamine Tetra-Acetic Acid (EDTA). The process also discloses the compete recovery of the extracting agent EDTA with high purity for reuse.
A process for the recovery of high purity boehmite with controlled pore size from spent hydroprocessing catalyst includes the step of treating the spent hydroprocessing catalyst composition in order to get recovery of the aluminas after extracting the valuable metals. The process permits easy and resourceful recovery of high quality boehmite from waste catalyst, which can be further used as hydroprocessing catalyst carrier having a pore structure almost identical or better than that used in heavy oil hydroprocessing catalysts. Such catalyst carrier is required to have high pore volume, macro-porosity, high strength and optimum surface area for active metal dispersion. The treating steps include process steps such as decoking, roasting, leaching, dissolving, digestion, precipitation, washing, stripping, and the like. The recovery steps include digestion, hydrothermal treatment, flocculation or precipitation, filtration, drying, calcination and the like. The precipitated and hydrothermally treated resulting solid is well crystallized boehmite and has a surface area, pore volume and pore diameter distribution for reuse in the preparation of active catalysts and catalyst supports.
KUWAIT INSTITUTE FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH GLOBAL PATENT TRUST (USA)
Inventor
Marafi, Meena
Abstract
A process for the recovery of high purity boehmite with controlled pore size from spent hydroprocessing catalyst includes the step of treating the spent hydroprocessing catalyst composition in order to get recovery of the aluminas after extracting the valuable metals. The process permits easy and resourceful recovery of high quality boehmite from waste catalyst, which can be further used as hydroprocessing catalyst carrier having a pore structure almost identical or better than that used in heavy oil hydroprocessing catalysts. Such catalyst carrier is required to have high pore volume, macro- porosity, high strength and optimum surface area for active metal dispersion. The precipitated and hydrothermally treated resulting solid is well crystallized boehmite and has a surface area, pore volume and pore diameter distribution for reuse in the preparation of active catalysts and catalyst supports.
A pressure exchange apparatus includes a main section having a plurality of internal chambers and a piston disposed in each of the chambers. The apparatus also includes a pair of fluid distributor assemblies fixed to the main section and co-axial therewith. Each of the distributors include inlet and outlet ports for communicating with one of the internal chambers and sealingly separated from the other chambers. A pair of dual disk controller assemblies each of which includes a fixed disk and a moveable disk housed in a dual disk holder for directing fluid streams from one of the ports into and out of one of the chambers is also provided.
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