Abstract

A process for preparing high purity alumina from aluminium-bearing materials originating from the Bayer process. The process comprising digesting the aluminium-bearing materials with hydrochloric acid to produce an aluminium chloride liquor and acid-insoluble solids and separating said solids from the aluminium chloride liquor, depleting the aluminium chloride liquor of one or more impurities, producing aluminium chloride hexahydrate solids from the produced aluminium chloride liquor, and thermally decomposing the produced aluminium chloride hexahydrate solids to produce high purity alumina.

IPC Classes  ?

• C22B 7/00 - Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof
• C01F 7/22 - Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from aluminous ores using acids or salts with halides or halogen acids
• C01F 7/30 - Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide by thermal decomposition or by hydrolysis or oxidation of aluminium compounds
• C01F 7/46 - Purification of aluminium oxide, aluminium hydroxide or aluminates
• C01F 7/56 - Chlorides
• C22B 7/02 - Working-up flue dust

Abstract

A fertilizer composition comprising an ammonium nitrate material; and an effective amount of a stabilizer material to result in a specific impulse reduction of at least 10 % when compared the specific impulse of a commercially available ammonium nitrate composition; wherein the stabilizer material comprises huntite and wherein the stabilizer material is about 10 to about 25 wt. % of the total fertilizer composition.

IPC Classes  ?

• C05C 1/02 - Granulation; Pelletisation; Stabilisation; Colouring
• C05G 3/00 - Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specifically fertilising activity

Abstract

A method for controlling the concentration of impurities in Bayer liquors, the method comprising the steps of adding an oxide and/or a hydroxide of a metal other than aluminium to a Bayer liquor with a desired TA; forming a layered double hydroxide; and incorporating at least one impurity in said layered double hydroxide, wherein the impurities are selected from the group comprising phosphorus, vanadium and silicon.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
• B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties

Abstract

A method for controlling the concentration of impurities in Bayer liquors, the method comprising the steps of adding an oxide and/or a hydroxide of a metal other than aluminium to a Bayer liquor with a desired TA forming a layered double hydroxide; and incorporating at least one impurity in said layered double hydroxide, wherein the impurities are selected from the group comprising chloride, fluoride, sulfate and TOC.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01J 20/04 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
• B01J 20/08 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group comprising bauxite
• B01J 20/28 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties

Abstract

A fluid sampling device for sampling fluids in a fluid process vessel through a port in a wall of the vessel, the sampling device comprising a flexible tube with an open end in fluid communication with the fluid process vessel, means to attach the sampling device to the process vessel, wherein at least a portion of the flexible tube is adapted to extend into the process vessel, wherein the length of the flexible tube extending into the process vessel is at least 5 times the outer diameter of the flexible tube.

IPC Classes  ?

• G01N 1/20 - Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
• G01N 1/00 - Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
• G01N 1/10 - Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state

Abstract

Odorant from a process stream is removed by passing the stream (18) to a counter-current contacting device (12) for stripping odorants. The odorants passes from the contacting device (12) as contaminated steam (26) whilst the remaining process stream passes directly to a "tube side" of a falling film evaporator (14) and is heated producing steam that passes into the counter-current contacting device (12) to strip that process stream and produce the contaminated steam (26). This contaminated steam from the contacting device (12) passes through a vapour compression step (16) from which it is introduced into a "shell side" of the falling film evaporator (14) and in which it heats the process stream passing from the contacting device (12) into the evaporator (14). The contaminated steam that is not condensed in the falling film evaporator passes as a low flow vent gas (50) in which the odorants have been concentrated.

IPC Classes  ?

• B01D 1/06 - Evaporators with vertical tubes
• B01D 1/12 - Evaporators with vertical tubes and forced circulation
• B01D 1/28 - Evaporating with vapour compression
• B01D 3/00 - Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
• C02F 1/08 - Thin film evaporation