The invention relates to a measuring system and to a corresponding method for predicting an area response or a possible flood situation at defined target locations (x) in a catchment area (1) of a body of water (2). Therefore, at least the water level, the soil moisture and/or possible precipitation is measured by means of corresponding measuring devices (10, 10', 11, 12) at significant points in the catchment area (1). These measured values are used by means of a decentralised evaluation unit (3) to predict the area response in the form of a flow rate (l/s) and/or a water level (L) for the target locations (x) in the relevant period. To this end, an algorithm that is self-learning to the greatest extent possible and is based on artificial intelligence is implemented in the evaluation unit (3), said algorithm establishing the connection between the incoming measured values and the resulting flow rates (l/s) or water levels (L). This allows an early and high-resolution flood warning to be provided for the corresponding catchment area (1), for example by having the measuring system issue a corresponding warning signal to the responsible control centres when defined limit values are predicted to be exceeded.
HFHFHFHFHFHFHF) at the medium (2) via the beam deflector (112) and to determine the fill level (L) herefrom. This has the advantage that the attachment (111) can be designed in a single piece to avoid any joining points. This increases the compressive strength, protection against explosion and hygiene suitability of the fill-level meter (1).
The invention relates to a method for checking at least one first clock generator (T1) of a first field device (F1) in a process measuring system (P). The process measuring system (P) comprises a first field device (F1) and at least two additional field devices (F2, F3), each of which has at least one clock generator (T2, T3), wherein each field device (F1, F2, F3) monitors at least one chemical and/or physical parameters of the media, a target frequency is specified for each clock generator (T1, T2, T3), each clock generator (T1, T2, T3) generates an actual frequency, and the first field device (F1) is designed to exchange information with the at least two additional field devices (F2, F3). The method has at least the following steps: - generating an actual frequency of at least the first clock generator (T1), - transmitting the generated actual frequency and the target frequency of at least the first clock generator (T1) to the at least two additional field devices (F2, F3), - ascertaining a deviation of the actual frequency from the target frequency of at least the first clock generator (T1) using the respective clock generator (T2, T3) of the at least two additional field devices (F2, F3), - transmitting the ascertained deviations to the first field device (F1), - comparing the ascertained deviations and/or the average value of the ascertained deviations with a specified tolerance range of the target frequency of at least the first clock generator (T1), and - outputting at least one piece of state information relating to at least the first clock generator (T1) using the comparison.
HFHFHFHFHF) such that the dielectric constant (DK) of the medium (2) can be determined using the ascertained discontinuity (f'1; ϕ'1, f'2; ϕ'2). Advantageously, a high degree of measurement resolution can be achieved with limited hardware costs. Furthermore the measuring device (1) is capable of recalibrating itself by analyzing the phase-related discontinuity (f'1; ϕ'1, f'2; ϕ'2).
G01N 22/00 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
Adapter for insertion into a two-wire line, comprising: an adapter housing (200); adapter electronics (201) which are disposed in the adapter housing and connect a first terminal element (202) to a third terminal element (204) through a first electrical connection line (206) and connect a second terminal element (203) to a fourth terminal element (205) through a second electrical connection line (207), wherein the adapter electronics also comprise an surge arrestor (208) which is designed to limit a voltage applied between the third and fourth terminal elements to a first maximum value in the event of a fault, wherein the adapter electronics also comprise an overcurrent protection device (209) which is designed to prevent the loop current (I) from rising above a maximum current value in the event of a fault, and wherein the adapter electronics also comprise a circuit (600) which is designed, where no fault is present, to adjust a voltage applied to the surge arrestor, starting from a minimum input voltage, to a second maximum value which is smaller than the first maximum value.
The present invention relates to a method for determining and/or monitoring the conductivity of a medium (M) by means of a measuring probe (1) having at least one electrode (4), comprising the following method steps of: Applying an excitation signal (A) to the measuring probe (1), receiving a reception signal (E) from the measuring probe (1), determining an ohmic component (Eo) of the reception signal (E), and determining the conductivity of the medium (3) based on the ohmic component (Eo) of the reception signal (E). The present invention also relates to a device which is designed for carrying out the claimed method.
G01F 23/26 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
G01F 23/24 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
G01N 27/06 - Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a liquid
The invention relates to a modular field device (1) which can be manufactured safely and which comprises the following components: Two electronic modules (12, 13), the first electronic module (12) being secured in the housing interior (111). The second electronic module (13) can be mechanically and electrically connected to the first electronic module (12). A plug-in contact (15) consisting of a plug arrangement and a corresponding socket arrangement (151, 152) is used for making electrical contact. The plug-in contact (15) comprises a printed circuit board (153), onto which one of the arrangements (151, 152) is soldered, and a corresponding printed circuit board receptacle (154) on one of the electronic modules (12, 13). The printed circuit board receptacle (154) has a printed circuit board guide (1541a, b) and an end stop element (1542a, b) for the corresponding arrangement (151, 152). This allows the printed circuit board (153) to be inserted into the guide for manufacture. However, because the end stop (1542a, b) is formed on the arrangement (151, 152) and not on the printed circuit board (153), according to the invention, no unwanted force is exerted on the solder joints between the printed circuit board (153) and the arrangement (151, 152) located thereon.
The description relates to a pressure measuring device having a support (1), particularly a support (1) made of a metal, particularly made of a stainless steel, a base (3) provided on the support (1) and comprising an exposed base section (23), and a pressure sensor (5) that is arranged on the base (3) and the footprint of which is larger than a footprint of the base (5), characterised in that the pressure sensor (5) has, on its side facing the support (1), a recess (17) that is open towards the support (1) and in which a cylindrical or hollow cylindrical end (19) of the base (3), which end is arranged in the recess (17), is connected to the pressure sensor (5) by means of an adhesive bond (21).
The invention relates to an electronic circuit (2) for automatically supplying a first module (M) and a second module (BT) of a process automation field device (FG) with energy from a two-wire bus (4), comprising a first branch (Z1) with at least one first diode (D1) which is connected to the two-wire bus (4) in the forward direction, a first energy storage device (C1) which can be charged with energy by the two-wire bus (4), wherein the first energy storage device (C1) is connected downstream of the first diode (D1), and the first module (M), said first module (M) being supplied with energy from the energy storage device (C1); and a second branch (Z2) which is connected parallel to the first branch (Z1) and comprises at least the second module (BT), said second module (BT) being supplied with energy solely by the two-wire bus (4). The invention further relates to a field device comprising such a circuit (2) and to a corresponding method.
The invention relates to a method for securing the operation of a wireless module (BT) of a process automation field device (FG), comprising the wireless module (BT) and at least one functional module (FG). The field device (FG) is supplied with energy by a two-wire bus (4), and the wireless module (BT) is continuously supplied with energy by the two-wire bus (4). The wireless module (BT) is switched to a testing mode in which the wireless module (BT) transmits at maximum transmission power and is additionally continuously supplied with energy from the two-wire bus (4). The functional module (M) then adapts its operation such that the energy maximally provided to the field device (FG) is not exceeded.
The invention describes a method and a system for maintaining a measuring station in a plant using process automation technology, comprising at least a multiplicity of field devices (Fi, F2, F3) which are situated in a storage facility (1), a database (DB) for storing a product type (Pi, P2) of each of the multiplicity of field devices (Fi, F2, F3) and respective device features (GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4) of the multiplicity of field devices (Fi, F2, F3), and a computing unit in which a replacement matrix is implemented, which replacement matrix accesses the database (DB) and can read, store and/or assign data there and calculates a suitability evaluation for each of the multiplicity of field devices (F1, F2, F3).
The invention relates to a field device for use in automation technology, with an open housing (3) and an electronic part (10) in the housing (3), comprising at least one component (1) for filling the housing (3) with a casting compound (2). Said component (1) has a channel (4) for guiding the casting compound (2) in a targeted manner to a point of the housing (3) which is to be cast.
The invention relates to a radar fill state measuring device for measuring a fill state of the contents in a container using the transit-time principle, comprising a printed circuit board (1) with a transceiver (2) for transmitting and receiving high-frequency radar waves, said printed circuit board (1) having at least two openings (3, 4), and comprising a hollow conductor (7) with at least two edge-side projections (8, 9), the length of the at least two projections (8, 9) being greater than the thickness of the printed circuit board (1). The at least two projections (8, 9) are guided through the at least two openings (3, 4) such that the at least two projections (8, 9) partly protrude out of a second face of the printed circuit board (1). The measuring device also comprises a closure lid (11) which is secured to the parts of the at least two projections (8, 9) protruding out of the second face of the printed circuit board (1) such that the hollow conductor (7) is secured to the printed circuit board (1) by means of the closure lid (11).
The invention relates to a method for welding an internal disc-shaped membrane (2) between two hollow cylindrical components (1, 3) at joining points that are difficult to access, wherein the membrane (2) can be arranged between the first and second components (1, 3) in such a way that a first hollow space (5) of the first component (1) is hermetically separated from a second hollow space (6) of the second component (3), wherein a diameter of the membrane (2) is smaller than an outer diameter of the first and second components (1, 3), such that the membrane (2) can be surrounded by the first and second components (1, 3), wherein the method comprises the following steps: arranging the membrane (2) between the first and second components (1, 3) such that the first hollow space (5) of the first component (1) is separated from the second hollow space (6) of the second component (3); directing an electron beam of an electron beam welding device in the direction of the membrane (2) in such a way that a first contact surface (7) between the first component (1) and the membrane (2) and a second contact surface (8) between the membrane (2) and the second component (3) are simultaneously irradiated, and the membrane (2) enters into an integral connection with the first and second components (1, 3).
B23K 15/04 - Electron-beam welding or cutting for welding annular seams
F16D 3/72 - Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts
15.
PRESSURE SENSOR AND METHOD FOR MONITORING A PRESSURE SENSOR
The invention relates to a pressure sensor (1) for determining a pressure measurement variable, comprising at least one housing (2), a pressure sensor element (3) which is arranged in the housing (2), a lighting means (4) which is likewise arranged in the housing (2), and a control/analysis unit (8). The pressure sensor element (3) has a semiconductor material and a measuring membrane, and a first pressure (P1) is applied on a first face of the measuring membrane (5) and a second pressure (p2) is applied on a second face of the measuring membrane (5) such that the measuring membrane (5) undergoes a pressure-dependent deflection. The measuring membrane (5) has at least one integrated resistance element (6), and the control/analysis unit (8) ascertains an electric signal (10) by means of the integrated resistance element (6) in order to determine pressure measurement variables. The lighting means (4) optically excites the pressure sensor element (3), in particular the at least one integrated resistance element (6), and the control/analysis unit (8) ascertains the presence of a malfunction of the pressure sensor (1) using a change in the electric signal (10) resulting from the optical excitation.
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
The present invention relates to a device (1) and a method for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium (2) in a container (3), comprising at least one mechanically oscillating unit (4), a drive/receiving unit (5) for exciting the mechanically oscillating unit (4) to mechanical oscillation by means of an electrical excitation signal (UA) and for receiving and converting the mechanical oscillations into an electrical received signal (UE), an electronics unit (6), which electronics unit (6) is designed to produce the excitation signal (UA) on the basis of the received signal (UE) and to set a predeterminable phase shift (ΔΦ) between the excitation signal (UA) and the received signal (UE), and to determine and/or monitor the at least one process variable from the received signal (UE), wherein a phase correction unit (7) is provided, which phase correction unit (7) is designed to determine a phase correction value (AΦkor) from at least one characteristic variable of at least one component of the device (1), in particular of the drive/receiving unit (5), which characteristic variable is dependent on at least one process parameter, and to adjust the predeterminable phase shift (ΔΦ) according to the phase correction value (AΦkor).
The invention relates to a device for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium (2) in a container (3) having at least one unit capable of mechanically oscillating (4), and a drive/receiving unit (5) for inciting mechanical oscillations in the unit capable of mechanically oscillating (4) by means of an electrical excitation signal and for receiving and converting the mechanical oscillations into an electrical receiving signal of a control unit (12), which is designed to generate the excitation signal based on the receiving signal, and to adjust a specifiable phase shift between the excitation signal and the receiving signal, a unit capable of electromagnetic oscillation (7), an active element (13) for generating and/or maintaining the electromagnetic oscillations in the unit capable of electromagnetic oscillation (7), said active element (13) forming an oscillator together with the unit capable of electromagnetic oscillation (7), a decoupling unit (14), which is designed to tap an output signal via the active element (13), and an evaluation unit (15), said evaluation unit (15) being designed to determine the at least one process variable from the receiving signal and/or from the output signal.
The invention describes a field device (1) for use in hygienic applications in process and automation technology, which, in so doing, comprises at least one sensor element (2), at least one electric circuit (3), at least one heating element (4), at least one housing (5), which has an outer side (6) and an inner side (7) and in which at least the sensor element (2), the electric circuit (3) and the heating element (4) are arranged and attached, and an external energy supply unit (11), wherein the field device has two connection pins (8), to which the sensor element (2) and the electric circuit (3) are connected and by means of which there is an electrical connection with the external power supply (11), as a result of which a first current loop (12) is formed, and wherein a second current loop (13) is provided, the latter being arranged in such a way that the heating element (4) is in electrical contact with the external energy unit (11) by way of one of the two connection pins (8) and the third connection pin (9), as a result of which the second current loop (13) forms a parallel circuit with the first current loop (12); and moreover describes a method for producing such a field device (1).
A pressure transmission module (1) which is suitable for high-temperature applications and which serves for transmitting pressures (p), in particular of pressures (p) lower than or equal to 100 mbar, is described, having a separating diaphragm (7) which closes off a first pressure chamber (5) to the outside and which can be acted on from the outside with a pressure (p) to be transmitted, having a transmission diaphragm (15) which closes off a second pressure chamber (13) to the outside, and having a pressure transmission path (17) which connects the first pressure chamber (5) to the second pressure chamber (13), in which pressure transmission module the first and the second pressure chamber (5, 13) and the pressure transmission path (17) are filled with a transmission fluid by way of which a pressure (p) acting on the separating diaphragm (7) from the outside is transmitted to the transmission diaphragm (15), which pressure transmission module is distinguished by the fact that the transmission fluid is subjected to an initial pressure (pv), in particular an initial pressure (pv) of greater than or equal to 30 mbar, in particular greater than or equal to 50 mbar, the separating diaphragm (7) and the transmission diaphragm (15) assume, under the action of the initial pressure (pv), an initial position from which they are deflected by the pressure (p) to be transmitted, and the initial positions of separating diaphragm (7) and transmission diaphragm (15) lie within a deflection range, which is dependent on the magnitude of the initial pressure (pv) and the magnitude of the pressures (p) to be transmitted, of the respective diaphragm, in which deflection range deflections of the respective diaphragm out of the initial position thereof have, owing to the shaping of said diaphragm, an axially non-symmetrical component, in particular an anti-symmetrical component.
G01L 19/00 - MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
20.
PRESSURE SENSOR MODULE, MEASURING ARRANGEMENT WITH A PRESSURE SENSOR MODULE
A pressure sensor module (2) comprises a pressure measuring cell (10); and a mounting ring (20), wherein the pressure measuring cell has a mating body (14) and a measuring diaphragm (12), the front side of said measuring diaphragm running parallel to the rear side of the mating body, wherein the mounting ring (20) has a mounting opening (21) with an inner mounting surface (23) which defines an inner axial stop plane for mounting the pressure measuring cell, wherein the mounting ring (20) has an outer mounting surface (25), wherein the pressure measuring cell (10) is inserted into the mounting opening with the rear side at the front, wherein the rear side of the mating body (14) is adhesively bonded to the inner mounting surface (23), wherein the inner mounting surface comprises a shoulder (22) which extends radially inwards from an inner casing surface of the mounting ring (20), wherein the mounting surface (23) has an annularly encircling recess between the axial stop surface and the inner casing surface, in order to collect excess adhesive (50) when the axial stop surface is adhesively bonded to the rear side of the mating body (14).
G01L 19/00 - MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
The invention relates to a method for testing the functionality of an FMCW-based fill state measuring device, which is used to measure the fill state of a content (2) that can be found in a container (1), and to a fill state measuring device, which is suitable for carrying out the method. In order to test the functionality, a microwave signal (S2) is generated, the frequency change (f'2) of which differs from the frequency change (f'1) of the measuring signal (S1) that is used during the regular measuring operation. By comparing the frequency (f2) of the differential signal (ZF2) resulting from the microwave signal (S2) with a specified reference frequency (fp), the functionality of the fill state measuring device is determined. Thus, the fill state measuring device autonomously detects whether it is functional or whether an error has occurred, which has been caused presumably by device-internal interference signals. In particular, the invention offers a clear advantage with respect to maintaining field device-related safety standards.
The invention relates to a method for determining the filling level (L) of a filling material (2) in a container (1) by measuring the propagation time (t) of microwave signals, and to a device suitable for carrying out this method. The method is distinguished by the fact that the transmission signal pulse (s) or the reception signal (e) is modulated, preferably by means of signal amplification or pulse width modulation. In this case, the modulation is dependent on the time difference (ΔT) between the triggering of the transmission signal pulse (s) and the triggering of a reference signal pulse (s'). The modulation according to the invention causes the resulting signal (ZF) for determining the filling level to have an approximately constant amplitude even in the case of filling levels (L) which differ greatly from one another. This makes it possible to evaluate the resulting signal and to carry out the associated determination of the filling level (L) with a considerably reduced amount of outlay in terms of circuitry. This saves costs when producing the device.
The invention relates to an active hard solder for the active brazing of ceramics bodies (A, B), in particular of oxide ceramics bodies, in particular from aluminum oxide, said solder comprising the components zirconium, nickel and titanium. Said active hard solder can be used to perform high-quality active brazing of ceramics bodies (A, B) and is characterized in that the active hard solder contains a wettability-promoting component (K) from copper or silver.
B23K 35/02 - Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
B23K 35/24 - Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
G01L 9/12 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of variations in capacitance
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
G01L 19/00 - MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
The invention relates to a pressure sensor with two bodies which are connected together by active brazing (7) produced by active brazing an active hard solder, in particular a measurement membrane (1), especially a ceramic measurement membrane (1), said measurement membrane being elastically deformable by applying pressure and being subjected to a pressure (p), and a base body (3), in particular a ceramic base body (3), which are connected by active brazing (7) connecting an outer edge of the measurement membrane (1), including a pressure chamber (5), to an outer edge of a front side of the base body (3) facing the measurement membrane (1). The measurement properties of the pressure sensor were improved in that the active brazing (7) has a thermal expansion coefficient which is dependent on the measurements of the active brazing (7) and the materials of the body, and is adapted to a thermal expansion coefficient of at least one body, in particular the measurement membrane (1).
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
The invention relates to a frequency generator for generating a frequency ramp continuously increasing in frequency. The frequency generator comprises a frequency ramp generator configured to generate a frequency signal which comprises a sequence of successively rising and falling partial ramps, a high frequency generator for generating a plurality of different high-frequency signals, and a mixer that is configured to upmix the partial ramps of the frequency signal with high-frequency signals adjusted to the respective partial ramp. During a falling partial ramp, the lower sideband of the upmixed signal obtained in this way delivers an upmixed rising partial ramp. During a rising partial ramp, the upper sideband of the upmixed signal obtained in this way delivers an upmixed rising partial ramp. The frequency generator is configured such that the upmixed rising partial ramps obtained in this way combine into a frequency ramp that is continuously rising in frequency, wherein the high-frequency signals for the different partial ramps are selected such that the upmixed rising partial ramps add up to the frequency ramp that is continuously rising in frequency.
G01S 7/35 - RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES - Details of systems according to groups , , of systems according to group - Details of non-pulse systems
G01S 13/34 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
H03B 23/00 - Generation of oscillations periodically swept over a predetermined frequency range
The invention relates to a processing and/or automation field device for determining and/or monitoring at least one chemical or physical process variable of a medium (8) in a container (7), comprising at least one electronic unit (11) and a sensor unit (6). At least one sub-region (1) of at least one component (9, 13) of the sensor unit (6) at least temporarily contacts the medium, and at least the medium-contacting sub-region (1) is provided with a coating (2). The binding force within the material which makes up the coating (2) is greater on a first plane (E1) than on a second plane (E2) which is orthogonal to the first plane (E1).
G01F 15/00 - MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW, OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
The invention relates to a method for detecting high-frequency signals (22), having the following method steps: separating a high-frequency signal (22) into a raw signal (3) and a reference signal (4); damping the raw signal (3) so as to form a damped signal (9), the damping process being carried out on the basis of the frequency of the raw signal (3) in a manner corresponding to a damping characteristic; rectifying the damped signal (9) such that a first DC voltage (15) is generated; rectifying the reference signal (4) such that a second DC voltage (16) is generated; ascertaining a damping from the ratio between the first and second DC voltage (15, 16), said ratio corresponding to a damping factor of the damping of the raw signal (3); and determining the frequency of the high-frequency signal (22) from the damping factor and a damping characteristic (17).
G01R 23/06 - Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage by converting frequency into an amplitude of current or voltage
The invention relates to a field device (1) for use in process automation, said field device having a housing (22) with EMC protection. The housing contains a conductive housing core (3) which is surrounded on all sides by a non-conductive housing casing (2) in a force-fitting or form-fitting manner. At least one printed circuit board (15) is placed on an electrically conductive region (14) of the housing core (3) and is connected thereto, and the printed circuit board divides the interior of the housing into at least two chambers (12, 13) with different degrees of EMC protection. The printed circuit board (15) contains a through-bore (20) by means of which at least one first and second electronic circuit (10, 19) arranged in a mutually spaced manner in different respective chambers (12, 13) are contacted together. The electrically conductive housing core (3) is tied to ground potential by means of ground contacts (6, 16) which are arranged on the inside or the outside of the housing, and the ground potential electrically contacts the circuits (10, 19) by means of housing core (3) regions (9), which are led into the interior through the housing casing (2), using spring contacts (11). Transitions (7) into a sensor or cover unit (17, 18) are provided in the housing in the form of screw contacts and/or sliding contacts such that the contacts are electrically connected to the housing core (3), and seals (8) protect the transitions (7) from environmental influences.
The invention relates to a field device used in automation technology, comprising a housing (2) with an opening (3) for receiving field device components (4). The housing (2) has a first thread (5) on the edge facing the opening (3) and a cover (6) for closing the opening (3) of the housing (2), the edge of the cover (6) having a second thread (7), wherein the first and second thread (5, 7) are designed in a complementary manner such that the housing (2) satisfies all Ex d requirements after being closed by means of the cover (6). The invention is characterized in that the first and second thread (5, 7) are designed as multiple screw threads.
The invention describes a capacitive pressure sensor comprising a measuring diaphragm (1) which is arranged on a main body (3) with the inclusion of the pressure chamber (5), can be subjected to the action of a pressure (p) and can be elastically deformed in a pressure-dependent manner, comprising an active hard solder (7) which connects an outer edge of the measuring diaphragm (1) to an outer edge of an end face of the main body (3) which faces the measuring diaphragm (1), with the inclusion of a pressure chamber (5), and comprising a capacitive electromechanical transducer for detecting by measurement a deflection of the measuring diaphragm (1), which deflection is dependent on the pressure (p) which is to be measured, said capacitive electromechanical transducer comprising at least one capacitor which is formed by a diaphragm electrode (11), which is arranged on a side of the measuring diaphragm (1) which faces the main body (3), and a main body electrode (13), which is formed on an end face of the main body (3) which faces the measuring diaphragm (1), which capacitive pressure sensor can be produced in a cost-effective manner, in particular with little variance in respect of the level of quality, and which is distinguished in that the diaphragm electrode (11) is composed of a semiconducting, doped tantalum oxide, in particular semiconducting, doped tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5).
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 9/12 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of variations in capacitance
G01L 19/04 - Means for compensating for effects of changes of temperature
The invention relates to a pressure sensor which can be used in a versatile manner, which has a ceramic pressure measuring cell (5) which is clamped in the pressure sensor by interposing a seal (1) that outwardly seals an inner space of the pressure sensor and which can have a pressure (p) to be measured applied to same via an opening (3) of the pressure sensor, and the seal (1) of which comprises a film (21) which is made of a thermoplastic substance, in particular of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and is clamped between a dimensionally stable planer sealing surface (25) of the pressure measuring cell (5) and a dimensionally stable sealing surface (27, 27') of a counter body (19, 19') surrounding the opening (3) on the outside in an axial direction (10) extending perpendicular to the planes of the sealing surfaces (25, 27), characterised in that the film (21) comprises a first film segment (23), which is clamped between the sealing surface (25) of the pressure measuring cell (5) and the sealing surface (27, 27") of the counter body (19), and the film (21) comprises a second film segment (29), which extends over a lateral surface (31) of the counter body (19, 19'), which lateral surface is different to the sealing surface (27, 27'), and which film segment on the lateral surface (31) is connected to the counter body (19, 19') via a connecting layer (33) which is arranged on the lateral surface (31) and is made of a substance used as an adhesion promoter for the substance of the film (21), in particular made of perfluoroalkoxy-polymer (PFA).
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
32.
ELECTROMAGNETIC DRIVE UNIT/RECEIVER UNIT FOR A FIELD DEVICE OF INDUSTRIAL CONTROL AND AUTOMATION
An electromechanical transducer unit (6) for a field device (1) of industrial control and automation, comprising at least: one membrane (9) that can be made to mechanically vibrate; two rods (10a, 10b) secured to the membrane (9) perpendicularly to a main surface of the membrane (9); a housing (8), the membrane (9) forming at least one sub-region of a wall of the housing (8) and the two rods (10a, 10b) extending into the housing interior; two magnets (11 a, 11 b), each magnet (11a,11b) being secured in the respective end region facing away from the membrane (9) of one of the two rods (10a, 10b); and a coil (12) with a core (13), which coil (12) is secured inside the housing (8) above the magnets (11a, 11b) and can be supplied with an electric alternating current signal. The coil (12) is designed to generate a magnetic field, which magnetic field induces mechanical vibrations in the two rods (10a, 10b) by means of the two magnets (11a, 11b) and the two rods (10a, 10b) are secured to the membrane (9) such that vibrations of the two rods (10a, 10b) result in vibrations of the membrane (9). The invention also relates to a device for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable, said device comprising at least one electromechanical transducer unit according to the invention.
G01N 9/00 - Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
G01N 11/16 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring damping effect upon oscillatory body
33.
DEVICE FOR DETERMINING AND/OR MONITORING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS VARIABLE
A device (1) for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium (4) in a container (5), the device comprising: at least one unit (3) that is capable of vibration and has at least one membrane (9) that can be made to mechanically vibrate; two rods (10a, 10b) secured to the membrane (9) perpendicularly to a main surface of the membrane (9); a housing (8), the membrane (9) forming at least one sub-region of a wall of the housing (8) and the two rods (10a, 10b) being directed into the housing interior; at least one drive unit/receiver unit (11) arranged in the end region of the two rods (10a, 10b) that faces away from the membrane (9), the drive unit/receiver unit (11) being designed to cause the unit (3) capable of vibration to mechanically vibrate by means of an electric excitation signal and by means of the two rods (10a, 10b) and to receive the mechanical vibrations of the unit (3) capable of vibration and to convert the vibrations into an electric received signal; and an electronic unit (7) designed to generate an excitation signal from the received signal and to calculate the at least one process variable at least from the received signal.
G01N 9/00 - Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
G01N 11/16 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring damping effect upon oscillatory body
The invention relates to a MEMS sensor for metrologically sensing a measurement variable having improved resistance to overloading, which MEMS sensor comprises a plurality of layers (1, 3, 5), in particular silicon layers, arranged one on the other, the layers (1, 3, 5) of which MEMS sensor comprise at least one inner layer (5), which is arranged between a first layer (1) and a second layer (3), and in the inner layer (5) of which MEMS sensor at least one cut-out (7) extending through the inner layer (5) perpendicularly to the plane of the inner layer (5) is provided, which cut-out is adjoined on the outside at least in some segments by a region of the inner layer (5) forming a connecting element (9), which region is connected to the first layer (1) and the second layer (3), the MEMS sensor being distinguished in that a lateral surface (11) of the connecting element (9) bounding the cut-out (7) on the outside at least in some segments has, in an end region facing the first layer (1), a rounded shape that reduces the cross-sectional area of the cut-out (7) in the direction of the first layer (1) and, in an end region facing the second layer (3), a rounded shape that reduces the cross-sectional area of the cut-out (7) in the direction of the second layer (3).
B81B 3/00 - Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
The invention relates to a field device for automation engineering having a housing (1), wherein the housing (1) has at least one associated pushbutton switch (2). In this case, operation of the pushbutton switch (2) is detected, according to the invention, inside the housing (1) without the presence of mechanical or electrical performance through the wall of the housing (1). For this, the housing (1) does not need to have a blind hole or an inwardly directed depression. This is achieved by a rigid arrangement of a first element (30, 31, 32, 32') for producing a magnetic field on the outer wall of the housing (1). By means of interaction with a second element (50; 51; 52) for influencing the magnetic field of the first element (30; 31; 32; 32'), which is arranged in an operating element (4), a variable magnetic field is produced inside the housing (1). This magnetic field is sensed by a sensor (6). On the basis of the alteration in the magnetic field, the sensor (6) can determine whether the pushbutton switch is currently being operated.
G01D 5/06 - Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using mechanical means acting through a wall or enclosure, e.g. by bellows, by magnetic coupling
G01D 5/251 - Selecting one or more conductors or channels from a plurality of conductors or channels, e.g. by closing contacts one conductor or channel
The invention relates to a vibronic sensor (1) for monitoring a process variable of a medium (2) in a container (3), at least comprising a unit (4) that can vibrate mechanically, a driving/receiving unit (5), and an electronic unit (6), wherein the unit (4) that can vibrate mechanically has two vibration bars (7, 8) and a control element (13), which is mechanically connected to at least one of the vibration bars (7, 8) and the stiffness of which can be varied, wherein at least one first, outer vibration bar (7) is tubular and coaxially surrounds a second, inner vibration bar (8), wherein each of the two vibration bars (7, 8) is fastened to a common support (9) in such a way that the vibration bar can perform vibrations transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vibration bar, wherein the driving/receiving unit (5) is designed to excite the two vibration bars (7, 8) to oppositely directed, transverse, mechanical, resonant vibrations by means of an electrical excitation signal (Ua) and to receive the vibrations of the unit (4) that can vibrate mechanically and to convert said vibrations into an electrical reception signal (Ue), wherein the electronic unit (6) is designed to set the stiffness of the control element (13) and to determine the at least one process variable at least from the electrical reception signal (Ue), and wherein the control element (13) comprises at least one component (15) composed of a material that has a giant delta-E effect.
G01N 11/16 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring damping effect upon oscillatory body
G01N 9/00 - Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
The invention relates to a vibronic sensor (1) and to a method for operating a vibronic sensor for monitoring at least the density (ρ) and/or the viscosity (η) of a medium (2) in a container (3), said vibronic sensor at least comprising a unit (4) that can vibrate mechanically, a driving/receiving unit (5), and an electronic unit (6), wherein the driving/receiving unit (5) is designed to excite the unit (4) that can vibrate mechanically to mechanically vibrate by means of an electrical excitation signal (UA), and to receive the mechanical vibrations of the unit (4) that can vibrate mechanically, and to convert said mechanical vibrations into an electrical reception signal (UE), wherein the electronic unit (6) is designed to produce the excitation signal (UA) on the basis of the reception signal (UE) in such a way that a specifiable phase shift (φ 45, φ 90) exists between the excitation signal (UA) and the reception signal (UE), wherein the electronic unit (6) is designed to set at least a first specifiable phase shift (φ 90) and a second specifiable phase shift (φ 45), and to determine a first frequency (ω90) and a second frequency (ω135) corresponding to the respective specifiable phase shifts (φ 90, φ 45), and to determine from the two frequencies (ω90, ω135) the density (ρ) by means of a first analytical formula and the viscosity (η) of the medium (2) by means of a second analytical formula.
G01N 11/16 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring damping effect upon oscillatory body
The invention relates to a device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves (EM-waves) for determining and monitoring a fill level of a medium in a container by means of travel times of the EM waves, comprising a first waveguide (2) having a first coupling element (P1) for decoupling and coupling EM-waves, at least one second waveguide (5) having a second coupling element (P2) for decoupling and coupling EM-waves, a horn radiator (8) for emitting and focussing EM-waves, wherein the first and second waveguides (2, 5) are dimensioned such that EM-waves decoupled from the first and second coupling element (P1, P2) are emitted from the horn radiator (8) in a scattered and low-intensity manner, or scattered and low-intensity EM-waves that are received by the horn radiator (8) couple onto the first and second coupling element (P1, P2), and only EM-waves decoupled from the first coupling element (P1) are emitted from the horn radiator (8) in a focused and high-intensity manner, or focused and high-intensity EM-waves that are received by the horn radiator (8) only couple onto the first coupling element (P1).
The invention relates to a device for determining and/or monitoring at least one first process variable for a medium (3) and to a method for operating the device comprising at least one electronics unit (4) and a sensor unit (2), said electronics unit (6) being designed to impinge upon the sensor unit (2) with an excitement signal (7) which is composed of an excitement carrier signal (8) having an excitement carrier frequency (fT) and an excitement modulation signal (9) having an excitement modulation frequency (fM) and a receiving signal (10) which is to be received by the sensor unit (2), which is composed of a receiving carrier signal (11) and a receiving modulation signal (12). The electronics unit (6) is thereby designed to determine at least the first process variable from the phase shift between the excitement modulation signal (9) and the receiving modulation signal (12).
The invention relates to a measuring assembly for radiometric measurements in an explosive region. The photo-sensitive unit (5) of the detector (4) is configured in such a way that it is surrounded by an encapsulation (6). In this way, the encapsulation (6) both serves as explosion protection and is designed in such a way that it causes the conversion of the incident radioactive radiation into electromagnetic radiation. This is achieved in that the encapsulation (6) is formed by scintillating material at least in one region (7). This results in the advantage that, despite the explosion-safe encapsulation (6), the sensitivity of the photo-sensitive unit (5) is not reduced, rather it is increased. The in turn increased the potential measurement accuracy of the entire measuring assembly.
The invention relates to a measuring device (1) for measuring a fill level (11) of a material in a container (12) based on time of flight principles, comprising components (2-9) that serve to generate, transmit and receive a measurement signal (S) and further serve to convert said measurement signal (S) into an analog intermediate frequency signal (SIF) having an expected signal frequency within a predetermined frequency range, said intermediate frequency signal (SIF) comprising information corresponding to the fill level (11) of the material in the container (12), wherein an analog to digital converter (16) is provided that serves to subsequently sample the intermediate frequency signal (SIF), said analog to digital converter (16) employing a sampling frequency (fs) less than the expected signal frequency of intermediate frequency signal (SIF).
G01S 13/10 - Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
G01S 13/88 - Radar or analogous systems, specially adapted for specific applications
G01F 23/28 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
The invention describes a pressure measuring device having a carrier (1), a base (3) which is connected to the carrier (1), and a pressure sensor (5) which is mounted on the base (3) and of which the base area is greater than a base area of the base (5), both of the pressure sensors (5) being protected against thermomechanical stresses by an end of the base (3) which is averted from the pressure sensor (5) being adhesively bonded into a recess (17) in the support (1) by means of an adhesive bond (19, 23, 25).
A differential pressure sensor (200) comprises two differential pressure measurement cells (100a, 100b) which each have a measurement membrane between two support bodies, wherein the measurement membranes each separate two measurement chambers from one another; and a measurement cell housing (210) having a housing body (212, 214) with two measurement cell chambers (216a, 216b) between which there extends a coupling duct (222), wherein one differential pressure measurement cell (100a, 100b) is arranged in each of the two measurement cell chambers (216a, 216b) and is connected to the housing body (212, 214) by a join, wherein the measurement chambers of the two differential pressure measurement cells which face the join are hydraulically coupled to one another via the coupling duct (222), wherein the housing body has two pressure ports (218a, 218b) which each extend from an outer surface of the housing body into one of the measurement cell chambers (216a, 216b), wherein the surfaces of the differential pressure measurement cells (100a, 100b) which are outside the join communicate with a pressure port, and wherein each of the differential pressure measurement cell measurement chambers facing away from the joins communicates with the media pressure openings via a pressure duct. (Fig. 2)
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
44.
MEASURING SYSTEM FOR THE RADIOMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF DENSITY OR OF THE LEVEL OF A MEDIUM IN A MEASURING TUBE
The invention relates to a measuring system (1) for the radiometric measurement of density or of the level of a medium in a measuring tube (2) for use in automation technology. The measuring system (1) consists of a radioactive radiation source (3), a detector unit (4) and a clamping device for the radiation source (3) and the detector unit (4). The invention is characterized in that the clamping device has separation elements (7, 8, 9, 10) that make lateral access to the beam cone (17) of the radioactive radiation source (3) between the measuring tube (2) and the clamping device impossible. The separation elements (7, 8, 9, 10) are arranged such that the measuring system (1) is compatible for various diameters of the measuring tube (2) without the separation elements (7, 8, 9, 10) losing their protective effect.
Pressure transducer for determining a pressure variable, comprising at least a pressure sensor with a measuring membrane and resistance elements integrated in the measuring membrane, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged between a first and a second mating body, such that a pressure chamber forms between the measuring membrane and the first mating body, which pressure chamber can be subjected to a first pressure, wherein the side of the measuring membrane facing towards the second mating body can be subjected to a second pressure and an excursion of the measuring membrane is adapted depending on the first and second pressure, wherein the pressure-dependent excursion of the measuring membrane can be detected by the resistance elements and, via a bridge voltage of a bridge circuit formed with the resistance elements, a pressure variable can be determined, wherein the measuring membrane has a membrane electrode and the second mating body has at least one mating body electrode on the side facing towards the measuring membrane, such that the membrane electrode and the mating body electrode form a capacitance, where at least one additional piece of information can be determined and/or at least one additional function of the pressure transducer can be performed on the basis of the capacitance.
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
The invention relates to a method for permanently filling a pressure transmitter via a filling opening located in a housing wall of the pressure transmitter, comprising the following steps: filling the pressure transmitter with a transmitting liquid via the filling opening; arranging a sealing element in the filling opening such that transmitting liquid can no longer exit through the filling opening; arranging at least one nano- or microreactive material at least in the region of the housing wall located around the filling opening; arranging the closure element such that the closure element at least partially covers the nano- or microreactive material and at least partially covers the sealing element; triggering a local exothermic reaction around the closure element with the housing wall by means of the nano- or microreactive material.
G01L 19/00 - MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
Disclosed is a vibronic sensor (1) for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium (2) in a container (3), said sensor at least comprising: a unit (4) which can oscillate mechanically; a driving/receiving unit (5); and an electronic unit (6), wherein: the driving/receiving unit (5) is designed to excite, by means of an electrical excitation signal (UA), mechanical oscillations in the unit (4) which can oscillate mechanically and is designed to receive the mechanical oscillations of the unit (4) which can oscillate mechanically and to convert them into an electrical receiving signal (UE); the electronic unit (6) is designed to generate the excitation signal (UA) on the basis of the receiving signal (UE) and to determine the at least one process variable from the receiving signal (UE); the electronic unit (6) comprises at least one adaptive filter (7); and wherein the electronic unit (6) is designed to set the filter characteristic of the adaptive filter (7) in such a way that there is a target phase shift (Φsoll) between the excitation signal (UA) and the receiving signal (UE).
G01N 9/00 - Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
G01N 11/16 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring damping effect upon oscillatory body
48.
FLOW-RATE MEASUREMENT ASSEMBLY ACCORDING TO THE DIFFERENTIAL-PRESSURE MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLE
The invention relates to a flow-rate measurement assembly for measuring a flow rate of a medium (2) through a measurement pipe (3), comprising at least one differential-pressure producer (4), which is located in the measurement pipe (3) and which effects a drop in the media pressure, which drop depends on the flow rate, and comprising a differential-pressure measurement transducer (5) for providing a differential-pressure measurement signal (22), which depends on the difference between the high-pressure-side media pressure and the low-pressure-side media pressure, wherein the difference is a measure of the flow rate of the medium (2), wherein the evaluating unit (10) is designed to determine a relationship between the differential-pressure measurement signal (22) and a characteristic parameter of a fluctuation of the differential-pressure measurement signal (22), to judge the determination of a monotonically decreasing relationship between the differential-pressure measurement signal (22) and the characteristic parameter to be an indication of a clogged high-pressure line (6), and to judge the determination of a monotonically increasing relationship between the differential-pressure measurement signal (22) and the characteristic parameter, the monotonically increasing relationship of which is significantly stronger than the monotonically increasing relationship of an unclogged flow-rate measurement assembly, as an indication of a clogged low-pressure line (8).
G01F 1/36 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
G01F 1/40 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction - Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
G01F 25/00 - Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
The invention describes a pressure measuring sensor having an electrically conductive separating diaphragm (5) which closes off an interior space (3) of the pressure measuring sensor to the outside, the outer face of said separating diaphragm being subject to the action of the liquid medium which is under the pressure (p) which is to be recorded, which pressure measuring sensor has an apparatus for identifying a fracture in the separating diaphragm (5), which apparatus is distinguished in that at least one electrode (15, 43) is arranged on an inner face, which faces the interior space (3), of the separating diaphragm (5), said electrode being electrically insulated from the separating diaphragm (5) by means of an insulation layer (17) which is arranged between the electrode (15, 43) and the separating diaphragm (5) and being mechanically connected to the separating diaphragm (5), and a measurement circuit (19, 39) which is connected to a capacitor which is formed by the separating diaphragm (5) and the electrode (15) is provided, said measurement circuit detecting by measurement and monitoring a measurement variable which is dependent on an electrical property of the capacitor, which measurement variable changes owing to medium entering the region of the capacitor in the case of a fracture in the separating diaphragm (5).
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
G01L 27/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring fluid pressure
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01M 3/16 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
50.
DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING AND/OR MONITORING A PROCESS VARIABLE
A device for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium (2) in a container (2a) comprising at least one sensor unit (3) and one electronic unit (6), wherein the sensor unit (3) comprises at least one mechanical oscillatory unit (4), and a drive/receiving unit (5) comprising at least one piezoelectric element (18) with at least one transmitting electrode (19, 19a) for exciting the mechanical oscillatory unit (4) to mechanical oscillations by means of an electrical excitation signal (UA) and at least one receiving electrode (20, 20a) for receiving the mechanical oscillations of the mechanical oscillatory unit (4) and for converting the mechanical oscillations into an electric receiving signal (UE), and wherein the electronic unit (6) comprises at least one control unit (10) for setting a predeterminable phase shift (Δφ) between the excitation signal (UA) and the receiving signal (UE), at least one adjustable capacitor (CE, 9) arranged parallel to the control unit (10), and at least one computer unit (15) which is equipped to determine the at least one process variable from the receiving signal (UE), and to set the position of the anti-resonance frequency (fanti) of the mechanical oscillatory unit (4) by means of the adjustable capacitor (CE, 9).
The invention relates to a pressure equalization element (1) for equalization of pressure differences between at least two spatial areas assigned to a field device used in automation technology, comprising a main body (2), consisting of a securing element (3) having an axial bore (5), that is used for securing the pressure equalization element (1) in a wall of the field device, and a disc-shaped carrier component (4) having a lateral end surface, wherein the disc-shaped carrier component (4) is provided with a specified number (n, where n >2) of substantially radially running recesses (6) corresponding to the axial bore (5), wherein the radially running recesses (6) are offset from one another by a defined angular offset, and wherein the radially running recesses (6) are provided with a gas-permeable liquid-barrier membrane (8) in the region of the lateral end surface (7) of the disc-shaped carrier components (4).
The invention relates to a method for protecting components on a circuit board during an automatic soldering process, e.g. in a reflow soldering oven. Thermally critical conventional components on a circuit board (10) on which a variety of components is to be mounted are masked and protected by a solder resist paste prior to the soldering process. Said masks (24, 26, 28) allow the thermally critical components to be soldered along with the thermally non-critical components in one soldering process in the soldering oven.
B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
53.
ADDITIONAL MODULE FOR A PROCESSING AND/OR AUTOMATION FIELD DEVICE
The invention relates to an additional module (10) for a processing and/or automation field device (1), at least comprising a module housing (11), an optical receiving unit (13) which is arranged at least partly within the module housing (11), an electronic module unit (15), and a display/transmission unit (17). The optical receiving unit (13) is designed to wirelessly receive at least one first optical signal (12) from the field device (1) and to convert the at least one first optical signal (12) into at least one first electric signal (14), and the electronic module unit (15) is electrically connected to the receiving unit (13) and to the display/transmission unit (17). The electronic module unit (15) is designed to extract at least one piece of field device information from the at least one first electric signal (14) and to transmit the at least one piece of field information to the display/transmission unit (17), and the display/transmission unit (17) is designed to display the at least one piece of information and/or to transmit the at least one piece of information to at least one external unit (18).
The invention relates to a device for transferring signals from at least one housing opening (2) of a housing (3), which is metallic at least in part, by means of electromagnetic waves (4) of at least one specific wavelength, comprising a transmitting/receiving unit (5) arranged in the housing (3) for generating and receiving the electromagnetic waves (4), at least one primary antenna (6) arranged in the housing (3) for decoupling the generated electromagnetic waves (4) of the transmitting/receiving unit (5) and for coupling and transferring received electromagnetic waves (4) to the transmitting/receiving unit (5), a first secondary antenna (7) for receiving the electromagnetic waves decoupled from the primary antenna (6), wherein the first secondary antenna is arranged within the housing (3) on the housing opening (2), a second secondary antenna (8) for receiving the electromagnetic waves (4) transferred from outside the housing (3), wherein the second secondary antenna (8) is arranged outside the housing (3) on the housing opening (2), wherein a reflection point (9) is arranged between the first and second secondary antennas (7, 8), such that an impedance jump occurs between the first and second secondary antennas (7, 8).
The invention relates to an active hard solder material for energy-efficient production of active hard soldering, which consists of layer sequences (SF) arranged on one another, said layer sequences (SF) consisting of layers arranged on one another, said layer sequences (SF) each comprising at least one solder layer (L), wherein the solder layers (L) of each layer sequence (SF) each contain at least one component (Ki) of an active hard solder base (AHL) and, in connection with one another, contain all the components (K1,..., Kn) of the active hard solder base (AHL), said solder layers (SF) each comprising at least one first reaction layer (Ra) consisting of a first reaction partner, directly adjoined by at least one second reaction layer (Rb) in the active hard solder material, said second reaction layer consisting of a second reaction partner which reacts exothermically with the first reaction partner, wherein an enthalpy of formation of the exothermic reaction of the reaction partners has a value greater than or equal to 45 kJ/mol, in particular greater than or equal to 50 kJ/mol.
Field indicator having a housing comprising: – connecting terminals for detecting a loop current of a measuring loop, –field indicator electronics which are located within the housing and have the purpose of digitizing a loop current value of the detected loop current, – display electronics which are arranged remotely from the housing and have a display which represents the detected loop current value or a value derived therefrom, wherein the display electronics and the field indicator electronics communicate in digital fashion with one another via a wireless or wire-bound communication connection, with the result that the loop current value or a value derived therefrom can be represented on the display of the display electronics which are arranged remotely.
G05B 19/418 - Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control (DNC), flexible manufacturing systems (FMS), integrated manufacturing systems (IMS), computer integrated manufacturing (CIM)
H04Q 9/00 - Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
Probe unit (1) having, at least in sections, a coaxial structure comprising a probe electrode (5), an additional electrode (6) and a contacting module (8) arranged on a section of the probe electrode, which contacting module (8) comprises at least one insulating sleeve (13), a flexible circuit board (16) with at least one first conduction path (17) for the electrical contacting of the probe electrode (5) and a second conduction path (18) for the electrical contacting of the additional electrode (6), and a module housing (20), wherein a first contact plate (19) is provided which electrically contacts the first conduction path (17), and wherein the module housing (20) comprises a second contact plate (24) which electrically contacts the second conduction path (18), wherein the module housing (20) has a pot shaped geometry with a cylindrical wall (25), which wall substantially surrounds, protects and/or electromagnetically shields at least the probe electrode in the region in which the contacting module is arranged, at least a part of the insulating sleeve (13) and at least sections of the flexible circuit board (16).
G01F 23/24 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
G01F 23/26 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
A capacitive relative pressure sensor is described comprising a base body (1, 21), a measuring membrane (5, 23) on which a pressure (p) to be measured can be externally applied, the outer edge of the measuring membrane facing the base body (1, 21) being connected in a pressure-tight manner by means of a join (7, 27) to an outer edge of an end face of the base body (1, 21) facing the measuring membrane (5, 23), a pressure measurement chamber (3) enclosed beneath the measuring membrane (5, 23), a reference pressure (pref) which can be supplied to the pressure measurement chamber via a reference pressure supply (9) extending through the base body (1, 21), a capacitive electromechanical inverter for metrological determination of a deflection of the measuring membrane (5, 23) dependent on a pressure (p) to be measured, comprising an electrode (11) arranged on a side of the measuring membrane (5, 23) facing the base body (1, 21) or formed by the measuring membrane (5, 23), and a counter electrode (13, 31) arranged on an end face of the base body (1, 21) facing the measuring membrane (5, 23), and a hydrophobic coating (17, 35), producible in an easy way and applied on a surface of the counter electrode (13, 31) and of a region of the end face of the base body (1, 21) surrounding the counter electrode (13, 31), and a method is described for producing the same, in which the coating (17, 35) applied on the surface comprises inorganic nanoparticles, in particular, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, or aluminium oxide nanoparticles forming a hydrophobic, in particular, a super hydrophobic surface structure.
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
The invention relates to a pressure-measuring cell (1) comprising: a main body (3), at least some sections of which are substantially cylindrical; a measuring membrane (2), which is joined along a continuous joining point in a pressure-sealing manner, forming a measuring chamber (5) between the main body (3) and the measuring membrane (2); a joining means (12), which is used for joining purposes along the continuous joining point (4) between the main body (3) and the measuring membrane (2). The pressure-measuring cell is characterised in that the main body (3) and/or the measuring membrane (2) has a substantially step-like depression (13), in which the joining means (12) is at least partially introduced, such that a minimum distance is produced between the main body (3) and the measuring membrane (2).
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
60.
METHOD FOR OVERWRITING A NON-VOLATILE MEMORY OF A FIELD DEVICE
The invention relates to a method for overwriting a non-volatile memory of a field device with an application-specific firmware, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a. preparing an operating device for overwriting the non-volatile memory, wherein a device description file, which describes the entirety of the functionalities of the field device, is made available on the operating device; b. deriving/selecting a subset of functionalities from the entirety of the functionalities that is available for the field device, which functionalities are described in the device description file, c. creating an application-specific firmware on the basis of the subset of functionalities, d. overwriting the non-volatile memory of the field device with the application-specific firmware, such that the field device can perform an application-specific task on the basis of the application-specific firmware written into the non-volatile memory.
The invention relates to an apparatus for transmitting signals from at least one housing opening (2) of an at least partially metal housing (3) with the aid of electromagnetic waves (4) of a particular wavelength, comprising a transmitting/receiving unit (5) which is arranged in the housing (3) and is intended to generate and receive the electromagnetic waves (4), at least one primary antenna (6) which is arranged in the housing (3) and is intended to couple the generated electromagnetic waves (4) out of the transmitting/receiving unit (5) and to couple in and transmit received electromagnetic waves (4) to the transmitting/receiving unit (5), wherein the housing (3) is dimensioned in such a manner that the housing (3) acts as a resonator for the electromagnetic waves (4) of the particular wavelength, and wherein the distance between the housing opening (2) and one of the maxima of the field density of the electromagnetic waves (4) is less than one eighth, preferably less than one sixteenth, of the wavelength, with the result that the electromagnetic waves (4) emerge from the housing opening (2) in bundled form.
Fill-level measuring device (1) for measuring the fill-level (2) of a liquid (3) in a container (4), comprising two flexible wire probes (5, 6) that extend into the container (4), further comprising an end-weight (8) connected to said two flexible wire probes (5, 6) and embodied such that it serves to apply an axial tensile force (F) to at least a portion of the length of each of the two flexible wire probes (5, 6), wherein each of the two flexible wire probes (5, 6) is connected to a corresponding end-weight (8a, 8b), wherein the corresponding end-weights (8a, 8b) are joined together such that they can rotate and/or can move in an axial direction with respect to each other.
The invention relates to a highly accurate pressure sensor comprising: a first base body (1) having two electrically conductive layers (11, 13) and an insulation layer (15) arranged between the two layers (11, 13) and electrically insulating the two layers (11, 13) against one another; an electrically conductive measuring diaphragm (5) which is arranged on the first base body (1) including a pressure chamber (9), and which can be applied with a pressure (p, Δρ) to be measured; and an electrode (17) provided in the layer (11) facing the diaphragm and at a distance from the measuring diaphragm (5), forming a capacitor together with the measuring diaphragm (5), said capacitor having a capacity (C1) that changes according to the pressure acting on the measuring diaphragm (5). The pressure sensor is characterised in that: it has a measuring diaphragm connection (23, 23') via which a reference potential (U0) can be applied to the measuring diaphragm (5); it has an electrode connection (25) via which an electrode potential (E1) of the electrode (17) can be tapped; and a shield connection (27, 27') via which a shield potential (UEi), in particular a shield potential (UEI) corresponding to the electrode potential (E1), which can be provided independently from the reference potential (U0), can be applied to the layer (13) facing away from the diaphragm.
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
G01L 19/04 - Means for compensating for effects of changes of temperature
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
G01L 9/12 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of variations in capacitance
64.
CERAMIC PRESSURE SENSOR, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME
The invention relates to a ceramic pressure sensor comprising a ceramic measuring membrane (1) to which a pressure (p, p1, p2) can be applied and which is elastically deformable dependent on pressure, a main part (3, 29), and an active hard soldering (7) which connects an outer edge of the measuring membrane (1), including a pressure chamber (5), to an outer edge of a main part (3, 29) end face facing the measuring membrane (1), said pressure sensor having improved measuring properties. The invention also relates to a method for producing same, wherein the improved measuring properties are achieved in that stresses contained in an active hard soldering (7) edge region (17) facing the measuring membrane (1) are reduced by means of a controlled, spatially concentrated heating of the edge region (17) to an aftertreatment temperature (T) which is equal to or greater than a temperature at which the active hard soldering is plastically deformable.
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
The invention relates to a method for processing measurement values, in which a measurement signal detected by a measurement sensor (101) of a measurement device (100) is transferred to a measurement value processing unit (200). A first value and a second value of a parameter (202, 212) are recorded in the measurement value processing unit (200), the measurement signal being selectively processed and/or is output using the first or the second parameter value (202, 212) stored in the measurement device (100), by means of the measurement value processing unit (200).
Apparatus for determining and/or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium (2) in a container (3) with at least one vibratable unit (4), comprising at least one diaphragm (7) and at least one vibrating element (8), with a drive/receiving unit (5) which is configured to excite the mechanically vibratable unit (4) using an electrical excitation signal of an adjustable excitation frequency to vibrate in the vibration mode corresponding to the excitation frequency and to receive the mechanical vibrations from the vibratable unit (4) and to convert said vibrations into an electrical reception signal, and with an electronic unit (6) which is configured to generate the excitation signal on the basis of the reception signal and to determine the at least one process variable from the reception signal, wherein the diaphragm (7) is connected to the drive/receiving unit (5), wherein the vibrating element (8) has the form of a vibrating rod (9) onto which a paddle (10) is formed at the end, and which vibrating element (8) is fastened to the diaphragm (7) in the end region facing away from the paddle (10), and wherein the mass distribution, stiffness and/or geometry of the vibratable unit (4) are selected in such a manner that at least one vibration mode of the vibratable unit (4), which is higher than the vibration mode corresponding to the excitation frequency, is in the range between two adjacent integer multiples of the excitation frequency.
G01N 11/16 - Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity or plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring damping effect upon oscillatory body
H03H 3/04 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks for the manufacture of piezoelectric or electrostrictive resonators or networks for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficient
G01N 9/00 - Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
67.
DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT A LEAK TEST OF A PRESSURE SENSOR
The invention relates to a device for carrying out a leak test of a pressure sensor (1) comprising a vice (6) with a first and a second jaw pair (7, 8), wherein the first and the second jaw pair (7, 8) each has a first and a second jaw (9, 10, 11, 12) which are mounted moveably opposite one another, and wherein each jaw (9, 10, 11, 12) has at least one opening (13) which provides compressed air for carrying out the leak test of the pressure sensor (1), wherein each of the jaw pairs (7, 8) is suitable for clamping one of the process connection flanges (2, 3) such that, under the application of force by the jaw pair (7, 8), the at least one opening (13) of the respective jaw (9, 10, 11, 12) is sealed pressure-tight by an opening (16) of the respective process connection flange (2, 3), and compressed air can be applied to the chambers of the pressure sensor (1) which loads the bolts (5), wherein the first and the second jaw pair (7, 8) are mounted moveably opposite one another in the direction of the at least one bolt (5), such that upon bursting of the at least one bolt (5) due to the application of compressed air in the pressure sensor (1), the first and the second jaw pair (7, 8) are shifted against one another.
G01L 27/00 - Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring fluid pressure
G01M 3/32 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
The invention relates to a pressure sensor, comprising a measurement membrane (1), to which a pressure can be applied and which can be deformed elastically in dependence on pressure, a glass body (3, 23, 41) connected to an outer edge of a first side of the measurement membrane (1), a pressure chamber (5) enclosed in the glass body (3, 23, 41) under the measurement membrane (1), and an electromechanical transducer for metrologically sensing a pressure-dependent deformation of the measurement membrane (1), which pressure sensor has improved protection against dynamic overloads, which protection is provided in that the measurement membrane (1) is made of metal, in particular Invar, Kovar, molybdenum, or tantalum, and the measurement membrane (1) and the glass body (3, 23, 41) are connected by means of a glass-metal joint.
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
The invention relates to a device for determining and/or monitoring at least one physical or chemical process variable of a medium in a container (2, 10), comprising at least one sensor element (7), at least one housing module (4) and at least one flange (6), said sensor element (7) and flange (6) being connected to the housing module (4), a first subsection (12) of said flange (6), which subsection (12) at least partially comes into contact with the medium, being made at least partially from a first material that is specifically selected according to the application and/or customer and, in a second subsection (13) which at least partially comes into contact with the surroundings, said flange (6) being at least partially made of a plastic.
F16L 23/032 - Flanged joints the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially characterised by the shape or composition of the flanges
G01F 23/00 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
70.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CUSTOMER-SPECIFIC COMPONENT OF A FIELD DEVICE
The invention relates to a method for producing a customer-specific component of a field device for determining or monitoring at least one process variable of a medium, wherein the field device is used in an automation process, wherein the component is produced of at least one material, wherein the material, and the structure and/or the shape of the component, are specified by means of digital description data, and wherein the component is produced in a 3-D printing method in accordance with the specified digital description data.
The method according to the invention for producing a connection between two surfaces or surface sections of two ceramic parts comprises: provision (110) of a first ceramic part and of a second ceramic part; provision (130) of an active brazing solder material on at least one surface section of at least one of the ceramic parts; and heating the active brazing solder in a vacuum brazing process, wherein, according to the invention, the whole active brazing solder material is provided for connecting the first and the second ceramic part by a sputtering method (130), wherein at least one surface section of at least one of the ceramic parts, preferably of the two ceramic parts, is layered with a layer sequence (131, 132, 133) of individual components of the active brazing solder material, wherein the average strength of the layers of an individual component of the active brazing solder is no more than 0.5%, in particular not more than 0.2%, preferably not more than 0.1% and especially preferably not more than 0.05% of the strength of the joining region.
C04B 37/00 - Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
B23K 35/32 - Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550°C
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01F 1/34 - Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
The invention relates to a method for producing a container for a medium, the container (1) having a probe unit (2) on one wall. The method comprises the steps: creating a three-dimensional model of the container (1) comprising the integrated probe unit (2); and additive layer manufacturing of the container (1) comprising the integrated probe unit (2) from at least one raw material according to the three-dimensional model.
B65D 1/00 - Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material or by deep-drawing operations p
73.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR A SENSOR ELEMENT
The invention relates to a method for producing a composite material (101), in particular an active component of a sensor element (201, 301), wherein at least two materials (102, 103, 202, 203) having different physical and chemical characteristics according to a functionality of the sensor element, and an outer form into which the at least two materials are to be introduced are provided. In addition, the outer form is divided into a plurality of area sections (306), wherein, in each virtual area section, the material distribution of the at least two materials is determined in a homogeneous and periodic manner according to predetermined rules corresponding to a microstructure, by means of a computer-aided method (FEM). Digital data describing the determined distribution of the at least two materials is then transferred to a 3D printer, and the sensor element or the active component thereof is constructed by the 3D printer based on this data.
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a component of a field device for determining or monitoring a process variable for a medium in a container, wherein the component is produced by using a 3-D printing method, wherein during the production of the component the component has an exciter signal applied to it in at least one intermediate state, wherein a response signal from the component in response to the exciter signal is detected, wherein the form and/or the structure of the component is/are modified by using the 3-D printing method if the current response signal does not match a prescribed response signal, and wherein the two aforementioned method steps are alternately repeated until the current response signal matches the prescribed response signal within prescribed tolerance limits.
The invention relates to a device for monitoring at least one physical or chemical process variable of a medium (2) in a container (3), comprising at least one measurement probe (1) operated in the capacitive measuring mode and an electronic unit (7), the electronic unit (7) being designed to apply an adjustable excitation signal to the measuring probe (1), wherein a measuring circuit (8) is provided inside the electronic unit (7), which is designed to transform the response signal received from the measurement probe (1) into a response signal of a predetermined frequency independently of the frequency of the excitation signal, wherein an evaluation unit (16) is provided, which is designed to determine the process variable from the transformed response signal received from the measurement probe (1).
G01F 23/26 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
76.
CHEMICALLY RESISTANT MULTILAYERED COATING FOR A MEASURING DEVICE USED IN PROCESS ENGINEERING
Field device (7, 12) used in process and/or automation engineering for monitoring at least one chemical or physical process variable of a medium (16) in a component (17) carrying a medium at least partially and temporarily and comprising at least an electronic unit (14) and a sensor unit (15), wherein at least one portion of at least one component (3) of the sensor unit is in contact with the medium at least temporarily, the at least one portion of the component (3) in contact with the medium is provided with a chemically resistant multilayered coating (2) consisting of at least two layers, wherein a first layer (4) is made of a material consisting of a densely packed atomic arrangement which provides a protection against corrosion by said medium, and a second layer (5) consisting of a chemically resistant plastic material is arranged around the first layer (4) and protects the first layer against outer damage and corrosion.
G01F 15/00 - MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW, OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
The invention relates to an electromechanical fill state measuring device comprising at least one displacement element which is connected to at least one measuring drum by means of a measuring wire in a windable manner, at least one measuring shaft to which the measuring drum is mechanically connected in a rigid manner and is mounted in at least one rotary bearing, at least one weight measuring device which ascertains the current weight of the displacement element and the measuring wire, and at least one servomotor which is coupled to the measuring shaft and which adjusts the measuring shaft according to an ascertained weight measurement such that the relative movement of the measuring drum generated by a change of the liquid level to be measured is ascertained. According to the invention, a calibration mode of the weight measuring device of the electromechanical fill state measuring device is provided, wherein freely suspended displacement elements with a defined mass are provided on the measuring wire in order to ascertain the weight of the elements; a specified rotational movement of the measuring drum is provided after each change of the freely suspended displacement elements with a defined mass; and the ascertained weight of the displacement elements is provided as calibration values for a weight measurement.
G01F 25/00 - Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
G01F 23/00 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
The invention relates to a pressure sensor comprising a housing (17, 51), in particular a metal housing (17, 51), a pressure measurement cell (1), in particular a ceramic pressure measurement cell (1), clamped in the housing (17, 51) between a shoulder (21), surrounding all sides on the outside of an opening (19) of the housing (17), and a counter bearing (23), which pressure measurement cell has a measurement diaphragm (7) arranged on a base body (3) including a pressure measurement chamber (5), and which measurement diaphragm (7) can be applied with a pressure (p) via the opening (21). The pressure measurement cell (1), in particular the measurement diaphragm (7), is protected against thermo-mechanical stresses acting in the radial direction, wherein an adjustment body (27, 31, 33) is arranged between an outer edge of the measurement diaphragm (7) and the shoulder (21), said adjustment body having a thermal expansion coefficient which falls from a thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to a thermal expansion coefficient (α M ) of the shoulder (21) to a thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to a thermal expansion coefficient (α k ) of the measurement diaphragm (7), along the adjustment body (27, 31, 33) in a direction running from the shoulder (21) to the measurement diaphragm (7). Nothing to translate
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
79.
FUNCTIONAL DIAGNOSIS OF AN ELECTROMECHANICAL FILL STATE MEASURING DEVICE
The invention relates to a method for the functional diagnosis of an electromechanical fill state measuring device in which a displacement element on a measuring wire is lowered into a filling material in a container such that in an equilibrium state, the weight of the displacement element equals the resulting weight of the displacement element minus a displacement element buoyancy, which depends on at least one equilibrium volume. The resulting weight is specified, and the specified resulting weight is kept constant by correspondingly changing the length of the measuring wire in the equilibrium state. The fill state of the filling material is ascertained using the length of the lowered measuring wire. In order to diagnose a function, the specified value of the equilibrium volume of the displacement element is changed, and the resulting change of the length of the measuring wire is ascertained on the basis of the constant equilibrium state of the resulting weight.
G01F 23/00 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
G01F 23/40 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by floats using bands or wires as transmission elements
G01F 25/00 - Testing or calibration of apparatus for measuring volume, volume flow or liquid level or for metering by volume
The invention relates to a method for processing a measurement signal that is captured by a measuring device, wherein, in order to capture the measurement signal, the measuring device emits a transmitted signal and receives a component of the transmitted signal that is reflected by an object as a received signal, wherein a first phase difference between a first target phase position and a first actual phase position contained in the measurement signal is determined, and wherein a second phase difference between a second target phase position and a second actual phase position contained in the measurement signal is determined, and a phase difference progression in the form of an, in particular linear, functional relationship is determined on the basis of the first and the second phase difference, and a measured value is determined by means of the functional relationship.
G01F 23/28 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
The invention relates to a radar based fill level measurement device (1) for measuring the fill level (10) of a material (9) in a container (8), comprising an electronics unit (2), wherein said electronics unit (2) serves to generate a transmission signal, wherein said electronics unit (2) serves to process a received signal, said received signal containing a reflected portion of the transmission signal, said reflected portion being reflected from a surface (10) of the material (9) whose distance is to be measured, wherein the electronics unit comprises a signal generator (3) to generate a frequency modulated transmission signal, wherein the electronics unit (2) comprises a processor to process the received signal using phase information comprised in the received signal, and wherein the radar device (1) comprises a coaxial waveguide probe (7) arranged in the container (8), wherein said coaxial waveguide probe (7) serves for guiding the transmission signal (TX) and the received signal (RX).
G01F 23/24 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
G01F 23/26 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
The invention relates to a method for checking a field device (1) having measuring signal processing, wherein the field device (1) has an electronic unit (2) for measuring signal processing, wherein the electronic unit (2) comprises at least one hardware subassembly (4) and a software program (8), characterized by the steps: that, depending on at least one test parameter, a test signal (6) is generated by the electronic unit (2), that, in particular instead of a measuring signal (9), the test signal (6) is processed by the at least one hardware subassembly (4) and/or a software program (8), and that an output signal from the electronic unit (2) is evaluated in order to check the measuring signal processing itself and/or a hardware and/or software sequence of the electronic unit (2) necessitated by the measuring signal processing.
A pressure-measuring cell (3) is described, with a basic body (7) and a ceramic measuring membrane (11), which is arranged on the basic body (7) enclosing a pressure-measuring chamber (9) and can be subjected from the outside to a pressure (p) to be measured, which pressure-measuring cell can be inserted without the use of seals into a metallic housing (1, 39) or into a metallic housing section (53) by the basic body (7) being composed of metal, and basic body (7) and measuring membrane (11) are connected to each other via an adaptation body (15) which surrounds the pressure-measuring chamber (9) laterally on the outside and has a thermal coefficient of expansion which, along the adaptation body (15) in a direction running from the basic body (7) to the measuring membrane (11), drops from a coefficient of expansion corresponding to a thermal coefficient of expansion (OM) of the basic body (7) to a coefficient of expansion corresponding to a thermal coefficient of expansion (ακ) of the measuring membrane (11).
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
G01L 19/04 - Means for compensating for effects of changes of temperature
84.
DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE FILLING LEVEL OF A FILLING MATERIAL
The invention relates to a device for determining the filling level of a filling material in a container, comprising at least one antenna element (2) for transmitting electromagnetic transmission signals (3) in the direction of the filling material and for receiving receptions signals (4) reflected on the surface of the filling material, wherein the at least one antenna element (2) has a hollow conductor (5), wherein a coupling element (7) for coupling out the transmission signals (3) and for coupling in the received signals (4) is disposed on a first end region (6) of the hollow conductor (5), wherein an emission element (9) directed in the direction of the filling material is disposed on a second end region (8), a transmitting/receiving unit (10) having a signal generator (11) for generating the transmission signals (3), wherein the transmitting/receiving unit is connected by means of at least one connecting line (12) to the antenna element for conveying the transmission signals (3) to the coupling element (7) and for conveying the reception signals (4) to the transmitting/receiving unit (10) of the at least one antenna element (2), and wherein the transmitting/receiving unit (10) determines the filling level of the filling material in the container with reference to the propagation time (13) of the transmission and reception signals (3, 4), characterised in that the connecting line (12) and/or the hollow conductor (5) are/is configured in such a way that the transmission signals (3) are transmitted with a time delay, such that the distance between the at least one antenna element (2) and the surface of the filling material is virtually increased and the reception signal (4) is separated in time from interference (14) of the transmission/reception unit (10) which is produced during the generation of the transmission signals (3).
Automation field device comprising a housing (1) and a modular-designed field device electronics (2) located inside the housing (1), comprising at least the following: a first circuit board (3) which has at least one first (4) and one second (5) plug-in connector element, wherein the first plug-in connector element (4) is used to electrically connect a peripheral unit (7), wherein both the first and the second plug-in connector element (4, 5) can be contacted substantially from the same preferred plug-in direction (6), a second circuit board (8) which has at least one third plug-in connector element (9), wherein the circuit boards (3, 8) are arranged such that the second plug-in connector element (5) is connected to the third plug-in connector element (9) in a detachable manner in order to electrically connect the peripheral unit (7) to the second circuit board (8), and the second circuit board (8) has at least one recess (10), via which the first plug-in connector element (4) of the first circuit board (3) is accessible for connecting the peripheral unit (7).
Diaphragm seal (1) for transmitting a media pressure, comprising: - a diaphragm-carrier body (2) having a media-side surface (3) and a separating diaphragm (4), which is connected to the diaphragm-carrier body (2) in a pressure-tight manner along at least one periphery, a pressure chamber (5) being formed between the separating diaphragm (4) and the diaphragm-carrier body (2) in the process, and - a temperature-isolation body (6) having a channel (9), which can be filled with a transmission fluid (10), in order for the pressure chamber (5) of the diaphragm-carrier body (2), which is attached to a first end side, to be connected to a pressure transducer (11), which can be connected to a second end side (8), and it is therefore possible for a media pressure prevailing at the separating diaphragm (4) to be transmitted to the pressure transducer (11), wherein the temperature-isolation body (6) has formed on its upper side a plurality of successive, in particular undulating, cooling ribs (13) for emitting heat, and wherein the minimum cross-sectional diameter (14) of the temperature-isolation body (6) between the cooling ribs (13), which follow one after the other along the portion (12), decreases from the first end side (7) to the second end side (8).
Method for inspecting component connections (1) of at least two non-linear components (2) on a printed circuit board (3), wherein the at least two non-linear components (2) are connected in parallel, comprising the method steps of applying an electrical voltage to contact connections (4, 5) of the printed circuit board (3), so that an electric current flows through the non-linear components (2) which are connected to the printed circuit board (3), and the non-linear components (2) which are connected to the printed circuit board (3) are heated by the electric current, determining in each case a temperature difference of the at least two non-linear components (2) in relation to the surrounding area, and generating a fault message that one of the at least two non-linear components (2) has a faulty component connection (1) when the temperature difference of at least one of the non-linear components (2) in relation to the surrounding area lies below a predetermined first value.
The invention relates to a ceramic pressure sensor with a measuring membrane (1) to which a pressure (p, Δp) can be applied and which is elastically deformable on the basis of pressure, a ceramic main part (3), and an active hard soldering (7) which connects an outer edge of a first side of the measuring membrane (1) to an outer edge of a main part (3) end face facing the measuring membrane (1) while forming a pressure chamber (5) and which can be produced in an energy-efficient manner. The invention also relates to an active hard soldering method which can be carried out in an energy-efficient manner. The pressure sensor or the method is characterized in that the active hard soldering (7) is produced by means of an arrangement in which a reactive multilayer system (19, 19') is arranged on each of the joint surfaces (15, 17) to be joined, and a solder layer (21) made of an active hard solder is arranged between the two reactive multilayer systems (19, 19'). The active hard soldering is produced by an exothermic reaction of the two multilayer systems (19, 19') when the arrangement is pre-heated, and active hard solder adjoining the reacting multilayer systems (19, 19') is melted by the exothermic reaction and passes through each of the multilayer systems (19, 19') to the respective adjoining joint surface (15, 17).
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
B23K 1/00 - Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
A differential pressure measuring cell (100) comprises a measuring membrane (110); two opposing bodies (140, 170); and one converter (120), wherein the measuring membrane (110) is arranged between the opposing bodies (140, 170) and is connected in a pressure-tight manner to the two opposing bodies, forming in each case one measuring chamber (160, 190), wherein the opposing bodies (140, 170) each have a pressure duct (164, 194) through which a pressure (p1, p2) can be made to act on the respective measuring chamber (160, 190), wherein the converter (120) is provided in order to convert a deformation of the measuring membrane (110), which deformation is dependent on a difference between the pressures (p1, p2), into an electrical signal; wherein the opposing bodies (140, 170) each have a chamber section (142, 172) oriented toward the measuring membrane (110) and a rear wall section (144, 174) oriented away from the measuring membrane (110) with, between these, a decoupling chamber (162, 192), wherein the chamber sections (142, 172) each have an equalizing duct (163, 193) between the measuring chamber (160, 190) and the decoupling chamber (162, 192), wherein the decoupling chamber (162, 192) has a diameter that is at least as large as the diameter of the measuring chamber (160, 190).
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
G01L 15/00 - Devices or apparatus for measuring two or more fluid pressure values simultaneously
The invention relates to a circuit-board connecting element (1) for electrically and/or mechanically connecting two circuit boards (2, 3), at least comprising: - a carrier body (4) having, on a first surface (5), solderable SMD connection surfaces (7) and/or pluggable THT wire connections (8), which can be soldered on a first circuit board (2) in a soldering operation, and, on a second surface (6), at least one press-in pin (9), which can be pressed into a metallized hole (10) of a second circuit board (3) in a press-in operation; - at least one supporting body (11) attached to the carrier body (4) and having a supporting surface (12) for supporting on the first circuit board (2) so that the SMD connection surfaces (7) or the THT wire connections (8) are mechanically unburdened during the press-in operation.
A differential pressure sensor which is of simple design and can be produced cost-effectively is described, comprising a first and a second counterelectrode (1, 3), a conductive plate (5) arranged between the two counterelectrodes (1, 3), a first insulating layer (7), via which an outer edge of the plate (5) is connected to an outer edge of the first counterelectrode (1) to form a first pressure chamber (9), a second insulating layer (11), via which an outer edge of the plate (5) is connected to an outer edge of the second counterelectrode (3) to form a second pressure chamber (9), a cutout (13) which is provided in the first counterelectrode (1) and via which a first pressure (p1) can be applied to the first pressure chamber (9), and a cutout (13) which is provided in the second counterelectrode (3) and via which a second pressure (p2) can be applied to the second pressure chamber (9), which sensor is distinguished by the fact that the plate (5) is subdivided by a trench (17) into an inner region (19) serving as electrode and an outer region (21) electrically insulated therefrom by the trench (17), the inner region (19) comprises a measuring membrane (15) arranged between the two pressure chambers (9) and an edge region (23) enclosing the measuring membrane (15) and clamped in between the inner edges (25) of the insulating layers (7, 11), and the inner region (19) forms with each of the counterelectrodes (1, 3) in each case a capacitor having a capacitance (C1, C3) dependent on a differential pressure (Δρ) acting on the measuring membrane (15).
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
92.
DRY MODULE FOR A RELATIVE PRESSURE MEASUREMENT RECORDER
The invention relates to a dry module (1, 39) for a relative pressure measurement recorder (3), which relative pressure measurement recorder has a reference pressure feed (17) leading, in the interior of a housing (5) of the measurement recorder (3), from a relative pressure sensor (7) to an opening (15) in a housing wall of the housing (5) and has a connection element (19), the interior of which is connected by means of the opening (15) to the reference pressure feed (17) extending in the measurement recorder (3), the dry module comprising a module housing (23), which has an interior, in which a desiccant (31) is located, and comprising a reference pressure feed (25, 41) extending through a module housing (23), to a first end of which reference pressure feed the reference pressure (pref) can be applied through an opening (27) in the module housing (23), a second end of which reference pressure feed can be connected to the reference pressure feed (17) of the measurement recorder (3) by means of a connection element (21) of the dry module (1, 39) that can be connected to the connection element (19) of the measurement recorder (3), and the interior of which reference pressure feed is in moisture-permeable connection, in the module housing (23), with the interior containing the desiccant (31).
G01L 19/00 - MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
93.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING THE FILLING LEVEL OF A MEDIUM IN A CONTAINER
A method for monitoring a predetermined filling level of a medium (3) in a container (2) with at least one measuring probe (1) and an electronic unit (7), wherein the measuring probe (1) is operated alternately in the conductive and in the capacitive operating mode, wherein the measuring probe (1) is subjected to an excitation signal, which excitation signal is composed of two different, temporally alternately consecutive periodic partial signals, wherein the first periodic partial signal for the conductive operating mode is generated in a first time interval and the second periodic partial signal for the capacitive operating mode is generated in a second time interval, wherein it is determined from the response signal, which is obtained by the measuring probe (1) and is dependent on the current partial signal, in accordance with the capacitive or conductive operating mode, whether the predetermined filling level has been reached, and a message is generated if the filling level exceeds or falls short of said filling level.
G01F 23/00 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
G01F 23/24 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
G01F 23/26 - Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
94.
METHOD FOR MONITORING THE OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY OF A RADAR DEVICE
The invention relates to a method for monitoring the operational capability of a radar device which operates with microwaves, wherein the radar device has a transmission-side circuit arrangement (1), a coupling element (3), a transmitter/receiver unit (4) and a reception-side circuit arrangement (2), and a radar device which operates with microwaves and has a self-monitoring function, characterized in that, in a second operating mode (B2) of the radar device, a coupling element (3) couples the transmission signal (STX) directly to the reception-side circuit arrangement (2), and in that the reception-side circuit arrangement (2) supplies information about the functional capability of the radar device on the basis of the sampled transmission signal (STX).
The invention relates to a sensor (1) for metrological detection of a pressure (p) to be measured as relative pressure (pR) in relation to a reference pressure (pref) prevailing in the surroundings of the sensor (1), comprising a housing (2), a relative pressure sensor (3) arranged in the housing (2), a pressure supply via which the pressure (p) to be measured is supplied to the relative pressure sensor (3), and a reference pressure supply (5) via which the reference pressure (pref) is supplied to the relative pressure sensor, wherein the reference pressure supply (5) opens in an opening of the outer wall (2a) of the housing (2), wherein the reference pressure (pref) acts upon the outer side of the outer wall, being characterised in that a pressure compensation element (6) is inserted into the opening of the reference pressure supply (5) and that the pressure compensation element (6) has a fastening element (7), a filter element (8) and a protective cap (9).
Method for determining the leak rate during a leak test of a test object (2), comprising the method steps: generating a vacuum in the test object (2), covering at least a portion of the surface of the test object (2) by means of a cover device (1) so that the enclosed space (3) between the cover device (1) and the test object (2) defines a clear volume, filling the enclosed space (3) with test gas, detecting the proportion of test gas in the test object (2), comparing the proportion of test gas in the enclosed space (3) with the proportion of test gas in the test object (2), determining the leak rate on the basis of the comparison of the proportion of test gas in the enclosed space (3) with the proportion of test gas in the test object (2).
G01M 3/22 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for valves
G01M 3/28 - Investigating fluid tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for valves
Disclosed is a pressure sensor, with a base body (1) of ceramic, a measuring membrane (3, 41) arranged on the base body (1), a pressure measurement chamber (5) enclosed in the base body (1) under the measuring membrane (3, 41), and at least one metal body connected to the base body (1) using a pressure-tight, preferably elastomer-free, mechanical connection (7, 37, 49), wherein thermomechanical stresses caused by the connection (7, 37, 49) are reduced by the fact that the pressure-tight mechanical connection (7, 37, 49) is achieved using an adjustment body (9, 19, 39, 51) arranged between the base body (1) and the metal body, wherein the adjustment body has a thermal expansion coefficient (a(z)) that increases, in a direction (z) from the base body (1) to the metal body, from an expansion coefficient corresponding to a thermal expansion coefficient (a k ) of the ceramic of the base body (1) to an expansion coefficient corresponding to the thermal expansion coefficient (a M ) of the metal body, and the adjustment body (9, 19, 39, 51) is connected to the base body (1) by a first join (11) and to the metal body by a second join (13).
C04B 37/02 - Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
The invention relates to a differential pressure sensor (1) comprising a differential pressure measuring cell (2) with a measuring membrane (10), two counter elements (20, 30), between which the measuring membrane is arranged, and a converter (40) and comprising an elastic clamping device (50) that has two clamping surfaces (53), each of which acts on a counter element (20, 30) rear face (26, 36) facing away from the measuring membrane (10). The clamping device (50) has at least one elastic element (56, 58) via which the clamping surfaces (52, 54) are mechanically coupled in order to clamp the differential pressure measuring cell (2) by means of an axial clamping force. The clamping surfaces (52, 54) are dimensionally stable, and the clamping device (50) has a bracket with two clamping elements (60, 62), each of which has one of the clamping surfaces (52, 54). At least one of the clamping elements has an elastic element, and the clamping elements are connected to each other under tension in order to exert a clamping force onto the differential pressure measuring cell (2). The two clamping elements (60, 62) have a central dimensionally stable section (64, 66) which comprises the clamping surfaces (52, 54). Elastic sections adjoin the dimensionally stable section (64, 66) of at least one clamping element, in particular of both clamping elements, said elastic sections forming the elastic elements (56, 58).
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
The invention relates to an inexpensively producible capacitive pressure sensor, comprising a pressure-dependent, elastically-deformable metallic measuring membrane (1) on which a pressure can be applied, a metallic half-shell (3) which has a front face facing the measuring membrane (1) and connected to an outer edge of a first side of the measuring membrane (1), a pressure chamber (5) enclosed in the half-shell (3) under the measuring membrane (1), a glass filling (11) arranged in the half-shell (3) at a distance from the measuring membrane (1), and a capacitive, electromechanical transducer for metrological detection of a pressure-dependent deformation of the measuring membrane (1). The transducer comprises a measuring electrode (15) arranged on the glass filling (11) and a counter electrode formed by the metallic measuring membrane (1), the measuring electrode (15) being a deep drawn component arranged on a front face of the glass filling (11) facing the measuring membrane (1).
G01L 7/08 - Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements in the form of elastically-deformable gauges of the flexible-diaphragm type
B81C 1/00 - Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
G01L 9/00 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
G01L 13/02 - Devices or apparatus for measuring differences of two or more fluid pressure values using elastically-deformable members or pistons as sensing elements
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
A differential pressure measuring pickup (1) comprises a measuring pickup body (10); and a differential pressure sensor (40) which is arranged in the measuring pickup body (10), wherein the measuring pickup body has a process interfacing surface (11) with a first pressure input opening and a second pressure input opening, wherein the differential pressure sensor (40) can be loaded with a first pressure through the first pressure input opening and with a second pressure through the second pressure input opening, wherein the first pressure input opening is closed by way of a first separating diaphragm (16), wherein the second pressure input opening is closed by way of a second separating diaphragm (16), wherein the first separating diaphragm is sealed with respect to the surroundings by way of a first seal (50), and wherein the second separating diaphragm is sealed with respect to the surroundings by way of a second seal (50), wherein the differential pressure measuring pickup is tensioned during measuring operation with the process interfacing surface thereof against a process interfacing flange, wherein at least one plate-shaped spacer element (30) with plane-parallel surfaces is clamped in between the process interfacing flange and the process interfacing surface, which spacer element (30) defines the spacing between the process interfacing surface and the process interfacing flange and limits clamping of the seals (50) between the process interfacing surface and the process interfacing flange.
G01L 19/06 - Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
G01L 9/02 - Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of variations in ohmic resistance, e.g. of potentiometers
G01L 19/00 - MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE - Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
patents
