CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (France)
UNIVERSITE DE RENNES (France)
NANTES UNIVERSITE (France)
CENTRALESUPELEC (France)
INSA DE RENNES (France)
Inventor
Fraysse, Jean-Philippe
Lassauce, Leonin
Tubau, Segolene
Ettorre, Mauro
Legay, Herve
Abstract
Quasi-optical beamformer (1) comprising. -a plurality N > 1 of powei feeds (PF), each of the i c [1;N] power feeds (PF) being configured to emit a respective radio-frequency beam denoted Ri, - a radio-frequency transmission line (LT) fed at a first end by the power feeds and comprising at a second end a plurality of network ports (PR) that are configured to collect radio-frequency radiation, the transmission line (LT) comprising a radio-frequency waveguide (GO) that comprises at least two metal plates (PM) that are stacked so as to guide the radio-frequency beams Ri, i c [1; IV] towards the network ports (PR), the lransmission line (LT) extending along a cenlral main axis denoted axis x, - a first reflector (M1) having a first centre (C1) centred on the axis x and a first effective radius of curvature and being configured to reflect the guided radio-frequency beams Roi c [1; N], - a second reflector (M2) having a second effective radius of curvature and being configured to reflect the radio-frequency beams (RF) reflected by the first reflector so as to direct them towards the network ports so as to form output radio-frequency beams (RSi), the first and second effective radii of curvature and an arrangement of the power feeds (PF) with respect to the first reflector being configured so that - each of the output radio-frequency beams (RS,) is a plane wave, and - a transverse amplitude distribution Ai, on the network ports (PR), of each output radio-frequency beam (RS), is substantially identical
H01Q 19/17 - Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A MULTI-MATERIAL PART BY ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, USING THE TECHNIQUE OF POWDER BED SELECTIVE LASER MELTING OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (CNRS) (France)
Inventor
Veron, Frederic
Vendier, Olivier
Tailhades, Philippe
Baco-Carles, Valerie
Kiryukhina, Kateryna
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for manufacturing a multi-material part by additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps:a) a step of providing a pre-treated metal powder comprising grains and an oxidized and porous layer on a surface of said grains;b) a selective laser powder-bed fusion step comprising implementation of steps i) and ii) as follows:i) a step of forming a layer from the pre-treated metal powder;ii) a step of melting by laser said layer, said melting step being carried out under a reactive atmosphere and comprising changing parameters of application of the laser so that at least a first region of said layer is converted so as to lower the electrical conductivity thereof, thus forming a dielectric, and so that at least a second region of said layer is densified without converting it,the at least a first region being formed when the parameters of application of the laser allow a first energy density to be applied to said first region and/or the laser beam to be kept for a first dwell time on said first region, the at least a second region being formed when the parameters of application of the laser allow a second energy density to be applied to said second region and/or the laser beam to be kept for a second dwell time on said second region, and the first energy density being higher than the second energy density and/or the first dwell time being longer than the second dwell time.The invention also relates to a part obtained using said process.
B22F 7/06 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
C22C 29/12 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on oxides
C22C 29/16 - Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e. g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on nitrides
3.
RADIOFREQUENCY RF ROTATING JOINT FOR ROTARY RF WAVE-GUIDING DEVICE AND ROTARY RF DEVICE INCLUDING SUCH A JOINT
An RF joint rotating about an axis of rotation (Z) comprises a number N, greater than or equal to 1, of RF transmission channels, a first, internal surface of symmetry of revolution about the axis (Z) and of RF transmission having a first, internal radius r1, and a second, external surface of symmetry of revolution about the axis (Z) and of RF transmission having a second, external radius r2, strictly less than said first, internal radius r1. The first and second RF transmission surfaces facing one another and rotationally mobile about the axis (Z) are configured through the first and second radii r1, r2, the geometry of the first and second RF access ports, and the geometry of the first and second RF containment and guidance means, such that: - each RF transmission channel Vi, i varying from 1 to N, comprises a first RF rotating waveguide, and - the N first RF rotating waveguides are distributed angularly over a predetermined number NC, greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, of sections of surfaces of revolution about the axis (Z) of the second RF transmission surface, each of the NC sections being situated along the longitudinal axis of symmetry (Z) at a predetermined different level L1(k).
H01P 1/161 - Auxiliary devices for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
H01P 5/16 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
H01Q 3/02 - Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
4.
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS TO ESTIMATE AIR QUALITY AND CLIMATE VARIABLES
The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring at least one atmospheric parameter (gas, temperature), implementing steps of acquiring spectral images in the ultraviolet and/or the visible and/or the infrared range and scanning according to a tomographic principle. The spectral images are acquired using a network of optical systems (1A-1D) such as infrared cameras, and are used to estimate the air quality and/or meteorological and/or climate parameters in a geographic area, for example an urban agglomeration.
G01N 21/31 - Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
G01N 21/17 - Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
Method for processing a sequence of digital signal samples comprising a first sub-sequence and a second sub-sequence, said method comprising: forming (106) a first block of samples comprising the first sub-sequence and a second block of samples comprising header samples followed by the second sub-sequence; demodulating (108) the first block of samples through a digital demodulator to produce a first block of symbols, and the second block of digital signal samples through a second digital demodulator to produce a second block of symbols, the second demodulator implementing a carrier synchronisation or symbol rate synchronisation starting with the header samples (E6-E9), which comprise samples in a number adapted in such a way that the synchronisation is effective before the second demodulator demodulates the second sub-sequence; and reconstructing (114) a sequence of symbols by concatenating the first symbol block with the second symbol block.
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (France)
CENTRE NATIONAL D'ETUDES SPATIALES (France)
Inventor
Pacaud, Damien
Laplanche, Etienne
Verdeyme, Serge
Tantot, Olivier
Delhote, Nicolas
Bila, Stephane
Perigaud, Aurelien
Carpentier, Ludovic
Abstract
The invention relates to a tunable microwave system (10) comprising at least two elements, every element being selected from among a propagation guide, an evanescent guide, a resonator (Res1, Res2, Resi, Res) and at least one coupling device (CD, CDi, CDE, CDS, CDL1i, CDL2i, CDij)) disposed between the two elements and designed to interconnect said two elements, the coupling device comprising a support (Sp) having an opening (Ap) and further comprising at least one element (40) which is elongated in a direction called polarization direction (Dp) extending in an opening plane (P), said elongated element (40) being secured to the periphery (30) of the opening along at least one end, the coupling device further being configured to be rotatable about an axis that is substantially perpendicular to the opening plane in such a way as to modify a value of the direction of polarization (Dp) and in such a way that the coupling between the two elements is dependent on the value of the direction of polarization.
H01P 5/18 - Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
7.
PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF ABERRATIONS IN AN OPTICAL SYSTEM
L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de caractérisation d'au moins une aberration optique d'un système optique d'un dispositif d'acquisition d'images, le système optique ayant une fonction de transfert optique associée dépendant des aberrations, le dispositif d'acquisition étant apte à acquérir au moins deux images selon un champ de vue de manière à introduire une aberration différentielle entre les deux images, chaque image étant définie par un signal numérique d'image. Le procédé comporte l'obtention (50) d'une première image et d'une deuxième image d'une même zone du champ de vue, la deuxième image étant acquise avec une aberration différentielle (.DELTA.aberr) par rapport à la première image, chaque acquisition d'image ayant une fonction de transfert optique associée. Une aberration optique est caractérisée (58, 60) par le calcul d'au moins un paramètre par minimisation d'une fonctionnelle exprimée en fonction des première et deuxième images acquises, d'une modélisation des fonctions de transfert optiques associées aux deux acquisitions dépendant des aberrations du dispositif d'acquisition d'images ainsi que de l'aberration différentielle (.DELTA.aberr).
The invention relates to a radio communication receiver receiving a radio signal (S) including a main polarisation (MAIN-POL) and a secondary polarisation (X-POL) orthogonal to the main polarisation (MAIN-POL), the receiver including: a unit (1) for receiving the main polarisation (MAIN-POL) and the secondary polarisation of the received signal, synchronised as a carrier frequency with the main polarisation (MAIN-POL); a unit (2) for cancelling out the secondary polarisation synchronised with the main polarisation (MAIN-POL) and configured to suppress, from the received signal (S), the interference due to the secondary polarisation (X-POL), the unit (2) for cancelling out the secondary polarisation including a filtering unit (21) that receives the main polarisation (MAIN-POL) and the secondary polarisation (X-POL) as input; a unit (3) for demodulating the filtered signal, located downstream of the cancellation unit and configured to calculate carrier frequency error information and to communicate same by feedback to the upstream receiving unit (1).
H04B 7/04 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
H04B 7/00 - Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
A satellite having a first communication module, a repeater module, an antenna, a propulsion module, and an avionics module is provided. The repeater module has a north panel when the satellite is in an orbital position, an east panel, a south panel arranged opposite of the north panel, a west panel arranged opposite of the east panel, and floors. Each has a width in the east-west direction, the north panel and the south panel have a width XmcR in the east-west direction, and the east panel and the west panel have a depth YmcR in a north-south direction. The width XmcR is different than the depth YmcR and a ratio XmcR/YmcR is within an interval [0.84; 1.12], and the widths of the floors have at least three different dimensions and vary along the repeater module. The satellite is useful in the field of communication satellites and/or observation satellites.
There is disclosed a computer implemented method for processing the signal emitted by a distress beacon, said signal being received by several satellites and forwarded to at least one ground station, the method comprising the steps consisting in determining a set of hypothetical positions of the beacon, and for at least one of the hypothetical positions, for each satellite, offsetting the signal received and forwarded as a function of said hypothetical position; summing the offset signals; and evaluating the validity of the sum of the offset signals as a function of the presence of a predefined characteristic in said sum. Developments describe aspects such as the temporal and/or frequency offsetting, the construction of a digital replica of the signal transmitted by the beacon, and as the minimizing of the weighted residues of the offsets. System aspects are described, including the calibration of an active antenna or an array of antennas.
G01S 5/02 - Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position-line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
The invention relates to a communication device for arranging in an aircraft cabin, said device comprising: an antennae assembly designed so as to emit and receive communication data in a first frequency band of a communication network and to receive localisation data in a second frequency band of a localisation network, said antennae assembly comprising an antenna having a pattern of radiation revolving about a main axis, the radiation being at its maximum in the direction of said main axis, and a system for restraining the radiation, designed to limit the radiation outside said antenna axis; a modem connected to the antenna, designed so as to allow the emission and the reception of communication data via a communication network; and a localisation data receiver.
The deploying and retracting device has at least one tape spring (10, 31a, 31b, 31c) with an axis of unfurling and refurling parallel to an X axis and a mobile rotor (15, 33) rotating around a Y axis perpendicular to the X axis. The tape spring (10, 31a, 31b, 31c) can autonomously pass from a state in which it is wound around the rotor (33) to an unwound state. The tape spring (10, 31a, 31b, 31c) is mounted bent in two in a shape of U and includes a first end (16) fixed rigidly to a first anchor point (5, 36) that can be secured to a stator (14, 32) or the rotor (15, 33), and a second end (17) wound around the rotor (15, 33).
B64G 1/44 - Arrangements or adaptations of power supply systems using radiation, e.g. deployable solar arrays
B65H 23/00 - Registering, tensioning, smoothing, or guiding webs
B65H 75/34 - Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
13.
METHOD OF DYNAMIC ALLOCATION OF SHARED RESOURCES IN A TIME-FREQUENCY PLAN AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE
Method of dynamic allocation of shared resources in a communication network, consisting in defining, in a time-frequency plan, a superframe of a given duration .DELTA.T and a given spectral width .DELTA.f, made up of one or more frames, each defining a regular time-frequency grid, of which one square, referred to as a time-frequency unit, constitutes the smallest time and frequency interval allocatable to a user of said network within said frame, said method consisting in reserving, on each carrier frequency of a frame, at least one block of a number K, greater than or equal to 1, of time-frequency units which can be dynamically allocated to a user for communication or for synchronization.
INSTITUT NATIONAL POLYTECHNIQUE DE TOULOUSE (France)
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (C.N.R.S) (France)
Inventor
Casteras, Christophe
Lefevre, Yvan
Harribey, Dominique
Abstract
The invention relates to a magnetohydrodynamic inertial actuation wheel (2), including a toroidal fluidic ring (3) filled with a conductive liquid, at least one effective area (24, 26, 28) for setting the liquid in motion, and at least one magnetohydrodynamic pump (4, 6, 8). The ratio of the distance separating any magnetic-conduction element (24, 26, 28) from the air gap of any electromagnetic pump (4, 6, 8) on the inner perimeter of the fluidic ring (3) is greater than or equal to 0.5, and the fluidic ring (3) includes at least two separate effective areas (24, 26) for setting the conductive liquid in motion, which are angularly spaced apart by at least 120 degrees.
The invention relates to a propulsion bay (1) intended to be transported, at least temporarily, in a space launch vehicle (2) and comprising an adapter (3) that co-operates with at least one system located, at least temporarily, on board the bay (1), said system comprising an electrical power supply. The bay is characterised in that it also comprises at least one electric space propulsion engine that can be powered by the power supply of the system.
The detection process for SIA messages includes the provision of digital data representing signals received by a satellite over at least one SIA channel and the identification of a candidate message in the digital data (E18) by correlation of the digital data with a hypothetical fragmentary message. The hypothetical fragmentary message comprises at least one fragment of an SIA message which depends on the emission time and/or the position of the emitter and which is determined using an SIA data emitter database (26).
G01S 1/02 - Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
The method according to the invention relates to the decoding of a sequence of symbols, the sequence of symbols having been generated by: calculating a CRC value for an initial message; combining the initial message and the CRC value so as to produce a transformed message; and, encoding the transformed message. The decoding comprises: generating a number of path hypotheses via a trellis diagram corresponding to the trellis diagram of a finite-state machine comprising the encoder and the CRC generator, in which the encoder and the CRC generator are supplied with the same input. According to a preferred embodiment of the method, the trellis diagram is adapted to take into account bit stuffing possibly inserted in the transformed message before encoding.
H03M 13/29 - Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
H03M 13/39 - Sequence estimation, i.e using statistical methods for the reconstruction of the original codes
H03M 13/41 - Sequence estimation, i.e using statistical methods for the reconstruction of the original codes using the Viterbi algorithm or Viterbi processors
18.
METHOD FOR CORRECTING MESSAGES CONTAINING BIT STUFFING
The invention relates to a method for correcting a message the generation of which involves transforming an initial message and inserting bit stuffing into the transformed message, which method comprises providing an observation sequence containing the message to be corrected. A number of path hypotheses are generated via a trellis diagram associated with the transformation. The nodes of the trellis diagram each represent a state of a finite-state machine capable of transforming the initial message and the branches represent the possible transitions between nodes. Among the branches of the trellis diagram, certain represent conditional transitions that may be made only when bit stuffing is present. During the generation of a path hypothesis, bit stuffing is detected and the branches taken are those associated with the detected bit stuffing. The most likely path hypothesis relative to the observation sequence is finally retained.
H03M 13/39 - Sequence estimation, i.e using statistical methods for the reconstruction of the original codes
H03M 13/41 - Sequence estimation, i.e using statistical methods for the reconstruction of the original codes using the Viterbi algorithm or Viterbi processors
19.
METHOD OF RECEIVING RADIONAVIGATION SIGNALS WITH SPREADING CODE FOR A NEAR INFINITE PERIOD
In a radionavigation signal acquisition method with a spreading code for a near infinite period, the signal is sampled in a base band on a delayed line and correlated with a local replicate of the delayed line code. From one correlation to another, the sample signal is moved on the delayed line. To produce the correlation signal with the local replicate of the code, several sequences of the spread codes are generated, these codes sequences having the same duration, equal to the duration of the sampled signal on the delayed line, and associated to consecutive time ranges in the research space of temporal alignment. Each of the code sequences is correlated to the sample signal in a respective correlation operation, these correlation operations being executed in parallel for different codes sequences.
A first aspect of the invention concerns a calibration process for a detection matrix used to acquire an interferogram image, including steps in which: - a first interferogram and at least two offset interferograms are developed, the first interferogram developed by creating a finite number of path differences, and each of the offset interferograms developed by offsetting each of the path differences from the first interferogram, such that for each path difference at least three samples are available, placed on a portion of sinusoid; - for each of the sinusoid portions, a function coinciding with the sinusoid portion is determined by interpolation; - a calibration coefficient is determined for each path difference based on the function coinciding with the sinusoid portion corresponding to this path difference. The invention also extends to a calibrated instrument in accordance with the first aspect of the process.
According to a first aspect the invention relates to a reconstruction process of a narrow-band signal acquired by an instrument producing irregular sampling, in which two series of samples are acquired at the same sampling period, the two series being offset relative to one another such that the sampling errors are identical or quasi identical over both series. According to a second aspect, the invention relates to an instrument configured to carry out the process according to the first aspect of the invention.
The invention relates to a method for detecting and optionally quantifying at least one molecule including at least one proton group such as an immobilised amine function at the surface of a solid substrate, wherein said method is a reversible, direct and colorimetric method that uses a colouring agent. The present invention also relates to the different uses of said method, and to the solutions achieved through said method.
The invention relates according to a first aspect to an interferometric inversion method for measuring a characteristic variable of a radiation source and/or of a medium through which the radiation passes between the source and an interferometer, the interferometer being capable of generating an interferogram of the radiation by creating a finite number of optical step differences between two rays that have followed the same path between the source and the interferometer, characterized by the implementation of the steps whereby a quantity characterizing an improvement in the inversion is determined, step differences that contribute mainly to optimizing the quantity characterizing an improvement in the inversion are selected without sampling regularity constraints, and a free interferogram is generated using only the selected step differences. According to a second aspect, the invention provides an interferometer for implementing the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
The invention relates to a process for manufacturing a part made of a composite comprising a fibrous reinforcement densified by a matrix, which process comprises the steps of: production of a fibrous preform consolidated by impregnation (S4) of a fibrous texture comprising yarns by means of a liquid consolidation composition containing a precursor of a consolidating material and transformation (S7) by pyrolysis of the precursor made of consolidating material so as to obtain a consolidated preform of maintained shape; and densification (S8) of the consolidated fibrous preform by chemical vapour infiltration, characterized in that it includes, before the impregnation (S4) of the fibrous texture with the liquid consolidation composition, a step (S2) of filling the porosity of the yarns of said texture by means of a filling composition.
A transformer makes it possible to transmit electric power by electromagnetic induction between first (11) and second coils concentrically arranged on first (7) and second (8) tubular parts, respectively, which are made of a ferromagnetic material and coaxially mounted in such a way that the external surface (13a, 13b, 13c) of one part is rotatable in front of the internal surface (14a, 14b, 14c) of the other part. Each surface consists of two straight cylindrical rotatable surfaces (13a, 13c; 14a, 14c) which have different diameters and extend from one axial end of the part (7; 8) to the intermediate radial flange (13b; 14b) of the connection thereof. Said parts (7; 8) are arranged in a head-to-tail manner one into another in such a way that an annular space is delimited between the flanges (13b; 14b) for receiving the coils (11, 12) between two gaps each of which is delimited by two (13a, 14a; 13b, 14b) cylindrical surfaces positioned in front of the first (7) and second (8) parts. Each coil comprises at least one layer of several tape-shaped threads.
H01F 41/00 - Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
H02J 50/10 - Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
A receiving method for a digital stream, the stream including frames having each a body composed of a variable number c of symbols and preceded by a header including d symbols, a field composed of a fixed number e of symbols unknown to the receiver and defining the number c. A locking phase of the receiving method includes receiving a series of e symbols of the stream; performing a correlation computation for pairs of symbols received, the correlation computation being used to verify a predefined relationship if the e symbols form the unknown field; determining a correlation level and determining whether the e symbols form the unknown field on the basis of the correlation level; repeating the steps until it is determined that the e symbols form the unknown field.
A spread-spectrum signal comprises a spreading waveform modulating a carrier wave and containing a real linear combination of a first waveform at a first waveform rate and a second waveform at a second waveform rate, the first waveform rate being distinct from the second waveform rate and both waveform rates being distinct and non-zero. The linear combination of the first and the second waveform is modulated with at least one binary sequence comprising a signal identification code.
The invention concerns a method for processing images using automatic georeferencing of images derived from a pair of images acquired by two sensors arranged in a single focal plane which consists in geometrically registering images based on the generation of a digital terrain model in low stereoscopic base and on the calculation of position offsets between the points of the digital terrain model taken as reference and their counterparts identified in the generated digital terrain model. Said method is applicable in automatic georeferencing of airborne and satellite images.
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (France)
Inventor
Jumas, Jean-Claude
Lippens, Pierre-Emmanuel
Olivier-Fourcade, Josette
Robert, Florent
Willmann, Patrick
Abstract
The invention relates to a negative electrode material, a method of producing said material, a negative electrode and a lithium-ion battery comprising said material. The inventive material comprises an active phase comprising a material M based on Al, Si, Sn, Sb or a mixture thereof and a support phase comprising a material XaYbOc, wherein: O is an oxygen; Y is a cation with a degree of oxidation (m) of 3, 4, 5 or 6; X is a cation with a degree of oxidation (d) of 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, whereby X ensures the electroneutrality of XaYbOc; and c is such that 2 = c = 10; b is such that 1 = b = 4; and a = (2c-bm)/d. According to the invention, a mixed composition interface exists between material XaYbOc and active phase M, said interface comprising elements M, X, Y and O. For example, XaYbOc can be BPO4. The inventive production method comprises the following steps consisting in: subjecting a mixture of oxides of X and Y to a first thermal treatment, in order to obtain material XYO4; cooling and subsequently grinding the material obtained; mixing the ground material with M; subjecting the mixture thus obtained to a second thermal treatment, in order to obtain the inventive material; and cooling said material.
patents
