SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Mengwasser, John Henry
Colucci, Bill
Abstract
An unleaded gasoline fuel composition for improving engine performance in spark ignition internal combustion engines, wherein the unleaded a gasoline fuel composition comprises: a major amount of gasoline base fuel, and a detergent additive package, wherein the detergent additive package comprises a quaternary ammonium internal salt detergent and a Mannich base detergent mixture, wherein the quaternary ammonium internal salt is obtained from amines or polyamines that is substantially devoid of any free anion species, wherein the Mannich base detergent mixture comprises a first Mannich base detergent component derived from a di- or polyamine and a second Mannich base detergent component derived from a monoamine, wherein the weight ratio of the first Mannich base detergent to the second Mannich base detergent mixture ranges from about 1:6 to about 3:1, and wherein the weight ratio of the quaternary ammonium internal salt detergent and the Mannich base detergent mixture ranges from about 1:10 to about 1:100.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Philibert, Gwenaelle Sophie Olivia
Liu, Jiayi
Dobrowolski, Christopher Claus
Abstract
This invention provides a method for assessing the copper corrosion potential of a lubricant fluid comprising the steps of: a) placing a sample of said lubricant fluid in a vial, wherein said sample partially fills said vial, such that a space exists in the vial above the sample suitable for sampling vapour phase materials in said space; b) sealing the vial; c) heating the sample in said sealed vial for greater than 12 hours at a temperature of at least 80 °C; and d) analysing the vapour phase portion using headspace GC-MS with full scan and selected ion monitoring.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Lu, Ligang
Chen, Jie
Folmar, Ilyana
Sidahmed, Mohamed
Dong, Zexuan
Su, Qiushuo
Abstract
A method for inferring a well integrity criterion used for a CO2 storage site risk assessment of a subterranean formation uses a training well data set having a set of associated training labels. A backpropagation-enabled process is dependency-trained to identify contextual relationships between elements of the training well data set. The dependency-trained backpropagation-enabled process is label-trained using the training well data set and the associated training labels to assess a training well integrity criterion. The label-trained backpropagation-enabled process is used to compute a well integrity criterion in a non-training well data set.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Berg, Steffen
Hofmann, Ronny
Zhao, Bochao
Abstract
A method for determining a relative permeability of a porous medium uses a segmented structural image generated from a 3D image to produce a pore-scale output from a pore-scale flow simulation. A Darcy-scale flow model is generated by simulating fluid flow on boundary conditions of the pore-scale flow simulation and an initial relative permeability model. The Darcy-scale output is compared to the pore-scale output to determine a degree of match. The initial relative permeability model is updated and the Darcy-scale simulation and inverse modeling steps are repeated until the degree of match falls within a pre-determined tolerance.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Van Der Ploeg, Govert Gerardus Pieter
Abstract
In a heating space of an electrically heated apparatus, elongate electrical radiative heater elements, which each stretch between a proximal end and a distal end of each elongate electrical radiative heater element, are mechanically secured to a wall peripheral to the heating space. The electrically heated apparatus can be used in methods of heating a fluid.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Eduard Alexander, Worthington
Matthias, Eggenstein
Alan Richard, Wheatley
Christian, Biewer
Abstract
This invention provides a lubricating grease composition for use in a bearing, and a preparation process therefor, said lubricating grease composition comprising: - (i) a mineral base oil containing one or more of fatty ammonium carboxylate salts of formula (I): R1X– (R233+ n (¯OOCR3) wherein R1122020 saturated or unsaturated, branched or straight-chain hydrocarbyl groups; X is selected from NH, +22 and N-(R433+; R2and R4288 saturated or unsaturated, branched or straight chain hydrocarbyl groups, and may be the same or different; R3122626 saturated or unsaturated, branched or straight-chain hydrocarbyl groups; and n is 1 or 2; and - (ii) a simple lithium soap thickener.
C10M 169/00 - Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
C10N 30/00 - Specified physical or chemical property which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
C10N 30/06 - Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Johnson, Kimberly Ann
Bera, Tushar Kanti
Aradi, Allen Ambwere
Abstract
Fuel composition comprising: (a) a gasoline base fuel suitable for use in a spark ignition internal combustion engine; and (b) a polybutene polymer; wherein the polybutene polymer has a molecular weight in the range from 200 to 10,000 g/mol, wherein greater than 30% of the polymer molecules in the polybutene polymer have a terminal vinylidene group and wherein the polybutene polymer is present at a level from 500ppm to 5000ppm, by weight of the fuel composition. The fuel compositions of the present invention provide improved engine power and reduced burn duration.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Verma, Sumit
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Corbett, Paul Joseph
Abstract
2222222222222-loaded solvent (80) in the electrochemical device (4) to an electrochemical reaction thereby obtaining a gas/liquid mixture (100); (g) separating the gas/liquid mixture (100) obtained in step (f) in a gas/liquid separator (5) thereby obtaining a gas stream (130) and a first liquid stream (140); (h) temporarily storing the first liquid stream (140) obtained in step (g) in a second tank (6); (i) recycling first liquid (160) from the second tank (6) to the contactor (2) for use as the liquid solvent (30) in step (b).
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Muijderman, Marco
Keultjes, Wouter Johannes Gregorius
Cornelissen, Erik Kerst
Schie, Coen Van
Abstract
An unloading valve, which allows fluid flow in a flow direction through the unloading valve up to a predetermined maximum flow rate, and which blocks fluid flow in a blocking direction. The unloading valve is specifically suited for use in a continuous gas lift system. It can be installed in a wellbore tubular by punching it into the wall of the wellbore tubular using a punch tool run within the tubular bore.
E21B 34/08 - Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells responsive to flow or pressure of the fluid obtained
E21B 43/12 - Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
F16K 1/14 - Lift valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with ball-shaped valve members
F16K 15/04 - Check valves with guided rigid valve members shaped as balls
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Verma, Sumit
Olthof, Timothé Johannes
Corbett, Paul Joseph
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Abstract
The present invention provides a process for producing ethylene, the process at least comprising the steps of: (a) providing a CO-containing stream (10); (b) converting the CO-containing stream (10) provided in step (a) in an electrolyzer (2) thereby producing an ethylene-containing vapour stream (30) and an ethanol-containing liquid stream (40); (c) subjecting at least a part of the ethylene-containing vapour stream (30) obtained in step (b) to hydration thereby obtaining a first ethanol-enriched stream (90); (d) separating the first ethanol-enriched stream (90) obtained in step (c) thereby obtaining a second ethanol-enriched stream (110) and a water-enriched stream (120); and (e) subjecting the second ethanol-enriched stream (110) to dehydration thereby obtaining ethylene (140).
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Saxena, Nishank
Appel, Matthias
Hofmann, Ronny
Freeman, John Justin
Zhao, Bochao
Abstract
The present invention provides a method for estimating a total porosity of rock from a 3D image. The image is segmented to identify primary and secondary porosity. For primary porosity, segmentation identifies resolved pores and solid material having dimensions greater than or equal to voxel size. For secondary porosity, the impact of partial pores having a dimension less than voxel size and/or porous materials are determined. An image porosity based on the resolved pores of the segmented image is determined and a non-wetting liquid capillary pressure curve produced for calculating a resolved porosity correction factor. Secondary porosity system corrections are determined using a partial pore porosity correction factor and/or a porous matrix correction factor from a volume fraction of partial pores and/or porous material, respectively, identified in the segmented image. Saturation is calculated using the image porosity, the resolved porosity correction factor, and the secondary porosity correction factor(s).
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Doesburg, Edmundo Stevennl
De Deugd, Ronald Martijn
Abstract
A process for improving yield of kerosene and/or diesel from a renewable feedstock involves hydrotreating a renewable feedstock and hydroisomerizing the hydrotreated liquid. The isomerized effluent is separated to produce an offgas stream, at least one fuel stream having a desired boiling point range, and a heavy fraction having a boiling point greater than the desired boiling point range. The heavy fraction is passed to a hydrocracking zone to produce a hydrocracked effluent. The hydrocracked effluent is passed to the hydroisomerization zone.
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 47/02 - Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions characterised by the catalyst used
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
14.
A UNIT DESIGN AND PROCESS FOR DIRECT CAPTURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE FROM AIR
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Nisbet, Timothy Michael
Nirmal, Ghata Manishkumar
Abstract
Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a process for capture of carbon dioxide from a gaseous feed stream. The process may include a direct air capture (DAC) unit comprising: a first and second inlet faces located on opposite sides of the DAC unit. A sorbent material may be located inside the DAC unit and at or behind each of the inlet faces. An outlet may be located at the top of the DAC unit and may provide an exit gaseous outlet stream. The exit gaseous outlet stream may have a flow that is produced by at least one fan. The process may include receiving a gaseous feed stream at the inlet faces. The gaseous feed stream may have an average CO2 concentration greater than 95% of the CO2 concentration of ambient air, by minimizing reingestion of the exit gaseous outlet stream, for any wind direction and any wind speed.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
15.
A UNIT DESIGN AND PROCESS FOR DIRECT CAPTURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE FROM AIR
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Nisbet, Timothy Michael
Nirmal, Ghata Manishkumar
Abstract
Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a process for capture of carbon dioxide from a gaseous feed stream. The process may include a direct air capture unit comprising an inlet air section, a sorbent section, and an outlet air section. A gaseous feed stream may be received at the inlet air section and the feed stream may be contacted with a sorbent material in the sorbent section. An exit gaseous outlet stream may be provided from the outlet air section. The total pressure loss across the inlet and outlet air sections may be maintained at less than 200 Pa. The feed stream may have a volumetric flow within the sorbent section having a maximum and a minimum flow. The unit may include at least one structural element for maintaining the minimum flow to be within a range of 0-20% lower than the maximum flow over the entire sorbent section.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
C10G 2/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
17.
PARTICULATE REMOVAL SYSTEM FOR USE IN HYDROPROCESSING
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Chen, Zhong Xin
Jancker, Steffen
Ramanathan, Ramkumar
Abstract
22213222133 gases, and the dust filter cake is disposed on an outer surface of the plurality of filter elements and includes the char and catalyst fines.
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
B01D 46/24 - Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
18.
POLYURETHANE FOAM HAVING TUNEABLE POROSITY IN WIDE RANGE
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Kumar, Arvind
Pradhan, Pranaya Man Singh
Tatake, Prashant Anil
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for preparing a polyurethane foam, comprising reacting a polyisocyanate with a polyether polyol component a) in the presence of a blowing agent, wherein polyether polyol component a) comprises: a1) a first polyether polyol having a molecular weight of from 300 to 1,500 g/mol, a hydroxyl value of from 100 to 650 mg KOH/g and a propylene oxide content above 50 wt.%; and a2) a second polyether polyol having a molecular weight of from 500 to 1,700 g/mol, a hydroxyl value of from 50 to 650 mg KOH/g, an ethylene oxide content above 30 wt.%, a propylene oxide content below 50 wt.% and a primary hydroxyl content below 40%.
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Ahuja, Vishal Raju
Koether, Jan Philipp
Kroon, Joost Jacobus
Merchant, Saumil
Narayanan, Sathya
Abstract
This invention provides a method for the analysis of deposits on a machine part during its use while lubricated with a lubricating composition, said method comprising the steps of: i) using a 3D scanner to create a 3D model of the machine part after use; ii) mounting the machine part on a means for rotation; iii) obtaining a digital microscope image of an initial section of the external surface of said machine part; iv) rotating the machine part about its central axis by a specific amount; v) obtaining a digital microscope image of a further section of the external surface of said machine part, said further section of the external surface overlapping with the initial section of the external surface of the machine part; vi) repeating steps iii) to v) until the whole external surface of the machine part has been imaged; vii) removing the overlapping sections of the digital microscope images and creating a single continuous image of the external surface of the machine part; viii) processing said single continuous image by assigning a value to each pixel in the image related to the presence of deposits therein and, optionally, the thickness of the deposits; and ix) applying the dataset obtained in step viii) to the 3D model created in step i) to produce an accurate 3D representation for visualisation and quantification of the deposits on the machine part.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Der Heide, Evert
De Vlieger, Dionysius Jacobus Maria
Smolders, Marco
Pinilla Garcia, David
Smit, Ruben
Driessen, Rick Theodorus
Hill, Peter Jonathan
Abstract
A process for the production of glycol from a saccharide-containing feedstock involves catalytically converting the saccharide-containing feedstock in the presence of a heterogenous hydrogenation catalyst and a homogeneous retro-aldol catalyst resulting in a glycol product. Effluent from the conversion zone is contacted with an ion exchange material to adsorb transition metal anions from the retro-aldol catalyst present in the effluent. Adsorbed transition metal anions are then desorbed from the ion exchange material and recycled to the conversion zone. After the contacting step, the effluent is separated into a product stream and a heavies fraction. The product stream is passed to a glycol recovery zone for recovering a purified glycol product.
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 29/80 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by physical treatment by distillation
C07C 29/76 - Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by physical treatment
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Koch, Thomas
Jancker, Steffen
Van Elburg, Gerhard Johan
Chen, Zhong Xin
Abstract
A piston having a chamber and a barrel disposed in and that may translocate within the chamber. The barrel includes a terminal end having a seal, and the seal has an annular ring having a first wall and a second wall, the second wall is orthogonal to and extends from the first wall such that a first portion of the first wall protrudes away from the second wall in a first direction and a second portion of the first wall protrudes away from the second wall in a second direction that is substantially opposite to the first direction.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Koch, Thomas
Jancker, Steffen
Van Elburg, Gerhard Johan
Chen, Zhong Xin
Abstract
222133 gases, char, and fines. The hydropyrolysis reactor includes one or more deoxygenation catalysts. The system also includes a solid feedstock feeding system disposed upstream from and fluidly coupled to the hydropyrolysis reactor. The solid feedstock feeding system includes a piston feeder having an inlet, an outlet, at least one piston disposed between the inlet and the outlet, the at least one piston includes a chamber and a barrel disposed in and that may translocate within the chamber, the barrel includes a terminal end having a seal, and the seal includes an annular ring having a first wall and a second wall, the second wall is orthogonal to and extends from the first wall such that a first portion of the first wall protrudes away from the second wall in a first direction and a second portion of the first wall protrudes away from the second wall in a second direction that is substantially opposite from the first direction.
C10G 1/08 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation with moving catalysts
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Van Dijk, Nicolaas
Witkamp, Benoît
Caiazzo, Aldo
Witte, Gerard Pieter
Soelen, David Van
Abstract
The present invention relates to a process for producing middle distillates from a feedstock comprising a residual hydrocarbonaceous feedstock and a hydrogen deficient feedstock. The process includes the steps of (a) deasphalting the residual hydrocarbonaceous feedstock to obtain a deasphalted product of which at least 50 wt% has a boiling point above 550 °C and an asphaltic product; (b) combining the deasphalted product with the hydrogen deficient feedstock to produce a mixed deasphalted product, wherein the hydrogen deficient feedstock has a hydrogen (H) content of at least 6 wt% to at most 11.3 wt%; (c) hydrodemetallizing at least part of the mixed deasphalted product from step (b) to produce a hydrodemetallized product; (d) hydrotreating at least part of the hydrodemetallized product from step (c) to produce a hydrotreated product; (e) hydrocracking at least part of the hydrotreated product from step (d) to produce a hydrocracked product; and (f) subjecting at least part of the hydrocracked product from step (e) to a separation treatment to produce at least a middle distillate fraction.
C10G 21/00 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents
C01B 3/32 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
C10G 45/08 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
C10G 67/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 57/00 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one cracking process or refining process and at least one other conversion process
C10J 3/00 - Production of gases containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, e.g. synthesis gas or town gas, from solid carbonaceous materials by partial oxidation processes involving oxygen or steam
C01B 3/34 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
C10G 55/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural parallel stages only
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Fang, Tianshi
Abstract
The present invention provides a thermal management system comprising: a housing having an interior space; at least one heat-generating component disposed within the interior space; and a working fluid disposed within the interior space such that at least part of the heat-generating component is in direct contact with the working fluid; wherein the working fluid comprises base fluid and at least one phase change material selected from micro- encapsulated phase change materials, nano-encapsulated phase change materials, and mixtures thereof. The present invention also provides a method of thermal management of a heat-generating component comprising the steps of directly contacting at least part of the heat-generating component with a working fluid; and transferring the heat away from the heat-generating component using the working fluid wherein the working fluid comprises base fluid and at least one encapsulated phase change material selected from micro-encapsulated phase change materials, nano-encapsulated phase change materials, and mixtures thereof.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Stam, Walter
Abstract
An outer wellbore tubular, in which an inner tubular is arranged with an open annulus extending between the inner wellbore tubular and the outer wellbore tubular, is locally plastically expanded. Before expansion, a dilatant material is provided in the open annulus. When subsequently activating an energetic expander from within the inner wellbore tubular, at a location where the surrounding annulus is filled with the dilatant material, a local radial plastic deformation of the outer wellbore tubular can be effectuated. The dilatant material can subsequently be disposed from the annulus.
E21B 29/02 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs, or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground by explosives or by thermal or chemical means
E21B 33/13 - Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
28.
METHODS AND SYSTEMS TO PROVIDE ELECTRIC POWER FROM SOLAR ENERGY EQUIPMENT
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Martin, Jeffrey Brendan
Lunshof, Martijn
Abstract
A method is provided for directly providing electrical power from a photovoltaic (PV) installation to electrical consumer. The method comprises (a) providing electrical power from the PV installation directly to the electrical consumer, where the PV installation comprises a first portion and a second portion; (b) determining whether current (I) output of the PV installation is below a threshold; and (c) if it is below the threshold, connecting at least one segment of the second portion of the PV installation to the electrical consumer; or (d) if it is determined that the current (I) output of the PV installation exceeds the threshold, disconnecting at least a connected segment of the second portion of the PV installation from the electrical consumer; and repeating steps (b) through (d) to maintain the current (I) output of the PV installation within a range of the threshold.
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Pradhan, Pranaya Man Singh
Dhanapal, Prem Kumar
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for preparing a polyurethane foam having a density lower than 30 kg/m3 which process comprises reacting, in the presence of a blowing agent: a) a polyisocyanate component; b) a polyether polyol component having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 g/mol and a functionality which is higher than 1.5 and lower than 2.5; and c) a chain extender component having a molecular weight of at most 500 g/mol and a functionality which is higher than 1.5 and lower than 2.5.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Cracknell, Roger Francis
Rashidmanesh, Karim
Abstract
This invention provides a process for improving the sustainability of a dual-fuel engine system operated with a first liquid fuel and a second gaseous fuel, said process comprising providing to the engine system an EN15940 compliant paraffinic gasoil as the first liquid fuel and a gaseous fuel selected from ammonia, methanol, hydrogen and methane based gas as the second gaseous fuel, and combusting said fuels in an internal combustion engine system, wherein exhaust gases from combusting said fuels are contacted with a methane oxidation catalyst provided in the exhaust system of said internal combustion engine system.
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
B01D 53/94 - Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
F01N 3/10 - Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
F02D 19/10 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
F02B 69/04 - Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in group ; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
F02D 19/06 - Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
32.
METHOD OF CREATING A PLURALITY OF LONGITUDINALLY SEPARATED CIRCUMFERENTIAL DENTS IN A WELLBORE TUBULAR
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Stam, Walter
Rairigh, James G
Abstract
An energetics tool is inserted downhole in a wellbore tubular, which has a string of at least two axially separated shaped charges. With this tool N axially separated circumferential dents are created, using a string of only M = (N+1)/2 axially separated charges. N is an odd number of 3 or higher. Two additional axially separated dents may be created for each additional axially separated shaped charge that is added to the string. For example, by simultaneously detonating two shaped charges, it is possible to create three axially separated dents. By simultaneously detonating three shaped charges that are axially separated from each other, it is possible to create five axially separated dents. The shaped charges are contained in charge housings that are mechanically interconnected with a longitudinal connecting rod. The shaped charges are simultaneously detonated, whereby pressure waves from neighboring shaped charges interact to cause the additional dents.
E21B 29/02 - Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs, or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground by explosives or by thermal or chemical means
E21B 29/10 - Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
E21B 43/10 - Setting of casings, screens or liners in wells
F42B 1/00 - Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
B21D 26/08 - Shaping without cutting otherwise than by using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, e.g. shaping by applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves generated by explosives, e.g. chemical explosives
E21B 23/04 - Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
33.
SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PREDICTING CORROSION RATE IN A PIPE SECTION
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Lu, Ligang
Zhang, Shun
Yang, Huihui
Tsai, Kuochen
Sidahmed, Mohamed
Abstract
A computer-implemented approach has been developed to estimate corrosion rate (100) in a section of a pipe transmitting a corrosive substance. A trained surrogate model (60) is provided to output an estimated value of maximum near-wall velocity (70) of the substance in the pipe section. The estimated value of maximum near-wall velocity (70) is then fed into a computerized electrochemical model (80), together with electrochemical parameters (90) associated with the corrosive substance, which electrochemical model then determines an estimated corrosion rate (100) imposed on the pipe section by the corrosive substance. The surrogate model is trained using results of a full physics-based simulation. Once it has been trained, the surrogate model can generate the estimated value of maximum near-wall velocity (70) much faster than the full physics-based simulation can.
G06F 30/27 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using machine learning, e.g. artificial intelligence, neural networks, support vector machines [SVM] or training a model
G06F 30/28 - Design optimisation, verification or simulation using fluid dynamics, e.g. using Navier-Stokes equations or computational fluid dynamics [CFD]
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Sen, Satyakee
Zamanian, Sam Ahmad
Abstract
A method for capturing long-range dependencies in geophysical data sets involves dependency-training a first b ackpropagation-enabled process, followed by interdependency-training the dependency-trained backpropagation-enabled process. Dependency-training computes spatial relationships for each input channel of a geophysical data set. Interdependency -training computes inter-feature and spatial relationships between each of the featurized input channels. The output conditional featurized input channels are fused to produce a combined representation of the conditional featurized input channels. The combined representation is inputted to a second backpropagation-enabled process to compute a prediction selected from the group consisting of a geologic feature occurrence, a geophysical property occurrence, a hydrocarbon occurrence, an attribute of subsurface data, and combinations thereof.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Messiha, Hanan Latif Fahmi
Leys, David
Abstract
A process for producing styrene converts Z-phenylalanine using a first biocatalyst comprising a PAL enzyme (phenylalanine ammonia lyase from Rhodorotula glutinis EC 4.3.1.24) and a second biocatalyst comprising a Fdc1 enzyme (ferulic acid decarboxylase from Aspergillus niger EC 4.1.1.102). The first and second biocatalysts are provided as whole-cell pellets or derivatives thereof. Styrene is produced by converting the L-phenylalanine to trans-cinnamic acid with the first biocatalyst and converting the trans-cinnamic acid to styrene with the second biocatalyst.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV (Netherlands)
Inventor
Ginestra, Josiane Marie-Rose
Bolinger, Cornelius Mark
Slaugh, Lynn Henry
Abstract
An isomerization catalyst composition includes an alumina based catalyst, wherein the alumina based catalyst has a pore volume in pores of less than 70Å pore diameter of less than about 5% of Total Pore Volume, a pore volume in pores of greater than 350Å pore diameter of less than 10% of Total Pore Volume, a median pore diameter by volume of less than 200 Å, a water pore volume of less than 1.2 cc/g and a surface area of greater than 130 m2/g. The isomerization catalyst composition may include Group I cations, Group II cations and mixtures thereof.
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
B01J 23/02 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
B01J 20/00 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
C07C 5/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV (Netherlands)
Inventor
Ginestra, Josiane Marie-Rose
Worstell, Jonathan Harlan
Komplin, Glenn Charles
Grisafe, David
Huang, Ke-Wei
Hamilton, Jr., David Morris
Abstract
For use in a disproportionation reactor, a composition being an alumina based catalyst having less than about 12 wt% of a Group VI metal and from about 0 to about 10 wt % of a Group 14 metal. In some embodiments, the composition has the following characteristics: a pore volume in pores of greater than 350Å pore diameter of less than 10% of Total Pore Volume; a median pore diameter by volume ranging from about 55 to about 95 Å; a water pore volume ranging from about 0.5 to about 1.0 cc/g; a surface area of greater than 200 m2/g. In some embodiments, the Group 14 metal is silicon. In some embodiments, the amount of silicon ranges from about 1.0 to about 5.0 wt%. In some embodiments, the Group 6 metal is molybdenum. In some embodiments, the amount of molybdenum ranges from about 2 to about 10 wt%.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV (Netherlands)
Inventor
Ginestra, Josiane Marie-Rose
Huang, Ke-Wei
Grisafe, David
Schimming, Sarah
Bolinger, Cornelius Mark
Abstract
Prior to reaction in an isomerization unit, the feed may be purified by contact with a composition comprising an alumina based catalyst including Group I or Group II cations or combinations thereof in a range from about 0 wt% to about 20 wt% Group I or Group II cations. In some embodiments, the alumina based catalyst has one or more of the following properties: pore volume in pores of less than 70Å pore diameter of less than about 15% of Total Pore Volume; a pore volume in pores of greater than 350Å pore diameter of less than 10% of Total Pore Volume; a median pore diameter by volume of less than 120 Å; a water pore volume of less than 1.10 cc/g; and a surface area of greater than 160 m2/g.
B01J 20/00 - Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
B01J 23/02 - Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
B01J 35/10 - Solids characterised by their surface properties or porosity
B01J 37/00 - Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
C07C 5/22 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
39.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING GLYCOL FROM RENEWABLE FEEDSTOCK
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Muthusamy, Duraisamy
Abstract
A process for the production of glycol from a saccharide-containing feedstock in the presence a catalyst system having a retro-aldol catalyst and a hydrogenation catalyst has a conditioning step for the hydrogenation catalyst. The hydrogenation catalyst is conditioned with a treatment solution comprising a conditioning retro-aldol catalyst in the absence of the saccharide-containing feedstock. Thereafter, the saccharide-containing feedstock and a catalytic retro-aldol catalyst are introduced to the reactor containing the conditioned hydrogenation catalyst, and glycol is produced by hydrogenolysis of the saccharide-containing feedstock.
C07C 29/132 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen-containing functional group
C07C 29/60 - Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Ondarza, Frederick John
Song, Wensi
Crom, Lori Ann
Abstract
This invention provides a method for extending the life of a lubricant composition, said lubricant composition comprising one or more base oils and one or more additives, wherein at least one of the additive is a depleting additive, said method comprising: i. determining the amount of the one or more depleting additives required for a desired extended lifetime of the lubricant composition, wherein said extended lifetime is longer than the standard lifetime of said lubricant composition; ii. providing a first portion of said one or more depleting additives to the fresh lubricant composition; and iii. providing the remainder of the amount of the one or more depleting additives in two or more portions spread over the standard lifetime of the lubricant composition.
C10M 177/00 - Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes
F01M 9/02 - Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups having means for introducing additives to lubricant
41.
PROCESSES FOR POLYETHER POLYOL PURIFICATION AND PREPARATION
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Den Boestert, Johannes Leendert Willem Cornelis
Haan, Johannes Pieter
Eleveld, Michiel Barend
Tatake, Prashant Anil
Pradhan, Pranaya Man Singh
Davis, Paul
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for purification of a polyether polyol which is prepared by ring-opening polymerization of an alkylene oxide in the presence of an initiator having a plurality of active hydrogen atoms and a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst, has a number average molecular weight of at most 10,000 g/mol and contains ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) components having molecular weights of at least 3 times the number average molecular weight, said process comprising filtering the polyether polyol with a membrane having an average pore size of from 0.5 to 80 nm to produce a permeate comprising a purified polyether polyol containing a reduced amount of UHMW components. Further, the invention relates to a process for preparing a polyether polyol from the purified polyether polyol; and to a process for preparing a polyurethane foam.
C08G 65/26 - Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
42.
METHODS TO PROVIDE ELECTRIC POWER FROM RENEWABLE ENERGY EQUIPMENT TO AN ELECTRICAL LOAD
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Sun, Yin
Lunshof, Martijn
Abstract
An HVDC system comprising an AC/DC converter sub-system electrically connected to a renewable energy equipment and a VSC sub-system is provided. A method comprises operating the renewable energy equipment to function as a voltage source to energize an HVDC link between the AC/DC converter sub-system and the VSC sub-system; operating the VSC sub-system as a voltage source to energize at least one electrical load electrically connected thereto; if it is determined that the power production rate of the renewable energy equipment is not within a designated parameter, operating the equipment to follow the VSC sub-system such that controlling the AC electric power output influences the power production rate. If it is within the designated parameter, operating the VSC sub-system to follow the renewable energy equipment such that the VSC sub-system adjusts the properties of its AC electric output to match the properties of the electric power generated by the renewable energy equipment.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Schoonebeek, Ronald Jan
Unruh, Dominik Johannes Michael
Van Der Gulik, Patrick Ivor Maurice
Bos, Alouisius Nicolaas Renée
Schouwenaar, Robert
De, Shauvik
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for producing olefins from a feed stream containing hydrocarbons by pyrolytic cracking of the hydrocarbons in an autothermal reactor, said process comprising: pre-heating an oxygen containing stream and a hydrogen and/or methane containing stream outside the autothermal reactor; feeding the pre-heated oxygen containing stream and the pre-heated hydrogen and/or methane containing stream into a burner of the autothermal reactor; generating steam in a combustion zone of the autothermal reactor; pre-heating a feed stream containing hydrocarbons outside the autothermal reactor; feeding the pre-heated feed stream containing hydrocarbons into the autothermal reactor; mixing the steam generated in the combustion zone with the pre-heated feed stream containing hydrocarbons in a mixing and cracking zone of the autothermal reactor, by feeding the steam and the pre-heated feed stream containing hydrocarbons into the mixing and cracking zone from substantially opposite directions, and pyrolytically cracking the hydrocarbons to provide an effluent containing olefins.
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 9/38 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Schoonebeek, Ronald Jan
Urade, Vikrant Nanasaheb
Van Der Sloot, Dennis Patrick
Bos, Alouisius Nicolaas Renée
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for producing olefins from a waste plastics pyrolysis oil feed stream containing hydrocarbons by pyrolytic cracking of the hydrocarbons in an autothermal reactor, said process comprising: pre-heating an oxygen containing stream and a hydrogen and/or methane containing stream outside the autothermal reactor; feeding the pre-heated oxygen containing stream and the pre-heated hydrogen and/or methane containing stream into a burner of the autothermal reactor; generating steam in a combustion zone of the autothermal reactor; pre-heating a waste plastics pyrolysis oil feed stream containing hydrocarbons outside the autothermal reactor; feeding the pre-heated feed stream containing hydrocarbons into the autothermal reactor; mixing the steam generated in the combustion zone with the pre-heated feed stream containing hydrocarbons in a mixing and cracking zone of the autothermal reactor, by feeding the steam and the pre-heated feed stream containing hydrocarbons into the mixing and cracking zone from substantially opposite directions, and pyrolytically cracking the hydrocarbons to provide an effluent containing olefins.
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 9/38 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
C07C 4/02 - Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Kini, Harshad Ravindra
Davis, Paul
Tatake, Prashant Anil
Agarwal, Umang
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for preparing a mixturecomprising a macromer, said process comprising: providing amacromer which is prepared from a polyether polyol P1,wherein said macromer additionally comprises a moiety whichcontains an ethylenic unsaturation and which is attached tothe oxygen atom of a hydroxyl group of polyether polyol P1,wherein the relative amount of the ethylenic unsaturation isof from greater than 0.6 to less than 1.8 mol per mol ofmacromer; and mixing the macromer with a diluent in a weightratio of macromer to diluent of from 1:99 to 99:1. Further,the present invention relates to a process for preparing apolymer polyol using said mixture.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Dijk, Nicolaas
De Deugd, Ronald Martijn
Creyghton, Edward Julius
Abstract
A process for producing a liquid hydrocarbon from renewable sources includes combining first and second liquids, where the first liquid is produced by hydrotreating a first renewable source and the second liquid is produced by hydropyrolyzing a second renewable source. The first liquid has a n-paraffin content greater than or equal to 50 wt.%, while the second liquid has an aromatic content greater than or equal to 5 wt.%. The combined liquid has a first n-paraffin content and a first aromatic content before being subjected to a hydrogenation catalyst and conditions sufficient to cause a hydrodearomatization reaction, and a hydroisomerization catalyst and conditions sufficient to cause a hydroisomerization reaction. The resulting liquid hydrocarbon has a second n-paraffin content that is less than the first n-paraffin content and a second aromatic content that is less than the first aromatic content.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10G 45/44 - Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
C10G 45/58 - Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
C10G 65/14 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only
C10G 65/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps
C10G 65/08 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including only refining steps at least one step being a hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ BV (Netherlands)
Inventor
Macneel, Edward
Abstract
Embodiments described herein provide a method for cleaning a reactor during the oligomerization of ethylene to one or more linear alpha-olefins. The method includes: a) reacting ethylene to produce one or more linear alpha-olefins via oligomerization by contacting ethylene in a liquid solvent phase comprising a solution of an oligomerization catalyst at a temperature in the range from about 25° to 150°C until a heat transfer coefficient of the reactor intercoolers is in the range of from about 100 to about 160 BTU/hr/ft2/°F and/or until a pressure drop across the reactor intercoolers increases by about 25%; b) reducing the flowrate of the oligomerization catalyst solution; c) increasing the temperature of the reaction to a range from about 125 to 145°C to place a polymer product produced in step a) into a phase comprising one or more linear alpha-olefins; d) returning the reactor to the conditions of step a).
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Groenenboom, Jeroen
De Almeida, Paula
Wever, Diego
Van Batenburg, Diederik Willem
Abstract
A process for carbon capture and sequestration by injection of liquefied biomass in a subsurface formation having a porous medium. A carbon-containing biomass is transformed into a liquid bio-oil. A liquid bio-oil injection rate is determined based on viscosity of the liquid bio-oil, the in-situ formation pressure, the reservoir transmissibility of the subsurface formation, and/or the mobility of the in-situ reservoir fluids. The liquid bio-oil is injected into the subsurface formation via a wellbore in the subsurface formation at an injection pressure sufficient to cause fracturing of a portion of the subsurface formation proximate the wellbore, thereby sequestering carbon in the subsurface formation.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Cornelissen, Erik Kerst
Abstract
A downhole injection tool for injecting a treatment fluid in a space surrounding a downhole tubular installed in a borehole in the Earth is based on an elongate tool housing extending around a central longitudinal tool axis. At least two stings are provided, each having a fluid channel. At least two treatment fluid cannisters are provided in the downhole injection tool, for holding the treatment fluid that is to be injected. A first cannister of the at least two treatment fluid cannisters is fluidly connected with the exterior of the tool housing via a first sting of the at least two stings, but not via a second sting of the at least two stings. A second cannister of the at least two treatment fluid cannisters is fluidly connected with the exterior of the tool housing via the second sting, but not via the first sting.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Cornelissen, Erik Kerst
Van Moorsel, Sam Gerard
Schie, Coen Van
Neiteler, Robert Jan
Abstract
A downhole tool, with an elongate tool housing that extends around a central longitudinal tool axis, houses a sting, a press device, and a bending arm. The sting is movable in a radially outward direction. The press device acts on the sting, to force the sting in the radially outward direction upon relative movement of the press device, in longitudinal direction, with respect to the sting whereby the sting may extend outside the tool housing. The sting is mounted on a distal end of the bending arm. At its proximal end the bending arm is longitudinally secured stationary relative to the tool housing. The sting and the distal end of the bending arm are movable in unison in a longitudinal-radial plane from the central longitudinal tool axis. The downhole tool can be used to perforate a wall of a downhole tubular arranged within a borehole in the Earth.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Fischer, Kai Jürgen
Van Der Heide, Evert
Abstract
A process for separating a target glycol from a mixture of the target glycol and one or more C2-C8 diols by distillation, involves providing a feed mixture comprising the target glycol and a C2-C8 diol. A water feed stream is directed to a bottom of a first distillation column operating at a temperature greater than or equal to 180°C to separate a first overhead stream comprising a first portion of the target glycol and a first bottoms stream comprising the C2-C8 diol. In a second distillation column, a second overhead stream comprising a second portion of the target glycol is separated from a second bottoms stream comprising the C2-C8 diol. The feed mixture is directed to one of the first distillation column and the second distillation column. The first overhead stream is passed to a reboiler of the second distillation column to transfer heat from the first overhead stream to a portion of the second bottoms stream recycled to the second distillation column.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Cornelissen, Erik Kerst
Schie, Coen Van
Abstract
A downhole tool (1) is provided for plugging a hole in a wall of a downhole tubular (11). The tool has a tool housing (3) and a sting (7) arranged within the tool housing. The sting is moved in radially outward direction from the tool from a retracted position to an expanded position. A distal end of the sting plugs the hole in the wall of the downhole tubular. A spring blade (5) is arranged on the tool housing and in a trajectory of the sting. The sting (7) can extend from the tool housing through the spring blade (5), when the sting is in expanded position, whereby the distal end of the sting is exposed at the outward facing side of the spring blade. The spring blade is configured to be pressed elastically towards the tool housing by the wall of the downhole tubular pushing against an outward facing surface of the spring blade.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Nisbet, Timothy Michael
Abstract
This invention provides processes and systems for the regeneration of a supported sorbent material for use indirect air capture of carbon dioxide from air. The process comprises the steps of introducing a stream of regenerating gas or vapour to the supported sorbent in a first direction thereby defining an axis of flow; and collecting the stream of regenerating gas or vapour and recycling it through the supported sorbent at least one or even multiple further times, wherein the supported sorbent comprises an amount of adsorbed carbon dioxide that is released upon exposure to the stream.
B01D 53/96 - Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Schilthuizen, Remco
Maas, Edwin
Abstract
The invention relates to a bayonet fitting (1) comprising a head section (2), a base section (3), and a clamping section (13) as a single contiguous piece; the head section (2) comprises a cylindrical core (5) protruding along the longitudinal axis; the base section (3) comprises a flat outer facing side (9) and a convex inner facing side (8), from which the cylindrical core (5) protrudes, and which comprises more than one protuberance (7); the cylindrical core (5) comprises more than one flange (6) protruding radially from the cylindrical core (5) and comprising the clamping section (13) and an apex (14) pointing towards the inner facing side (8).The invention also relates to a bayonet assembly (20) and to the use of the bayonet fitting, as well as of the bayonet assembly, for the reversible attachment of internals within reactor vessels, distillation columns and mass transfer units.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Van Rossum, Guus
Olthof, Timothé Johannes
Quevedo Enriquez, Jose Atilio
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for converting plastics waste into pyrolysis oil for feeding to a steam cracker comprising the steps of : pre-washing a stream of comminuted waste plastics in a washing liquid comprising washing water and caustic solution; separating the pre-washed comminuted waste plastics to provide a stream of polyolefin-enriched washed comminuted plastics waste; thermally cracking the stream of polyolefin-enriched washed comminuted plastics waste to produce a vaporised hydrocarbon stream; condensing the vaporised hydrocarbon stream into a liquid hydrocarbon stream and gaseous hydrocarbon stream; washing the liquid hydrocarbon stream with caustic solution; separating the liquid hydrocarbon stream from the caustic solution to produce a stream of caustic-washed liquid hydrocarbon and a stream of spent caustic solution; and rinsing the caustic-washed liquid hydrocarbon stream with water; separating the rinsed liquid hydrocarbon stream from the rinsing water to produce a stream of pyrolysis oil for further processing by steam cracking and a stream of spent water. The streams of spent water and spent caustic solution are utilised in several of the upstream steps in an integrated process.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 19/02 - Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment with aqueous alkaline solutions
C10G 55/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process plural serial stages only including at least one thermal cracking step
56.
SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR MAINTAINING CONTINUOUS CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Klokkenburg, Mark
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Fu, Xiao
Abstract
This invention provides systems and processes for operating systems that can operate continuously to remove carbon dioxide from an atmosphere under power from a wide range of intermittent renewable energy sources.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
57.
SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR MAINTAINING CONTINUOUS CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE UTILISING WASTE EXCESS ENERGY FROM PARALLEL AND DOWNSTREAM PROCESSES
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Klokkenburg, Mark
Fu, Xiao
Abstract
This invention provides direct air capture (DAC) systems and processes for operating such systems that can operate continuously to remove carbon dioxide from an atmosphere under power from a wide range of intermittent renewable energy sources, and which is supplemented with recycled or excess energy derived from a parallel industrial process.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
58.
BIOFUEL BLENDS WITH IMPROVED OXIDATION STABILITY AND LUBRICITY
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Dijk, Nicolaas
Caiazzo, Aldo
Balam, Harish Kumar
De Jonge, Diederik Mattheus Antonius
Abstract
A biofuel includes a mixture having a gasoil generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose and an isomerized hydroprocessed ester and fatty acid (HEFA) generated from hydrotreating a renewable resource having fats and oils. The gasoil has a cetane index less than 46 and at least 10 parts per million weight (ppmw) of a heteroatom and a cetane index of the biofuel is greater than 46.
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Dijk, Nicolaas
Balam, Harish Kumar
Pope, Michael Richard
Shiosaki, Daniel Thomas
Caiazzo, Aldo
Abstract
A biofuel includes a mixture of a gasoil generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose. The gasoil has a cetane index less than 46. The biofuel also includes a hydroprocessed ester fatty acid (HEFA) generated from hydrotreating a renewable resource having fats and oils. A cetane index of the biofuel is greater than 46.
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Dijk, Nicolaas
Balam, Harish Kumar
Pope, Michael Richard
Shiosaki, Daniel Thomas
Caiazzo, Aldo
Abstract
A biofuel includes a mixture of a gasoil generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose. The gasoil has a cetane index less than 46. The biofuel also includes a hydroprocessed ester fatty acid (HEFA) generated from hydrotreating a renewable resource having fats and oils. A cetane index of the biofuel is greater than 46.
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
61.
BIOFUEL BLENDS WITH IMPROVED OXIDATION STABILITY AND LUBRICITY
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Dijk, Nicolaas
Caiazzo, Aldo
Balam, Harish Kumar
De Jonge, Diederik Mattheus Antonius
Abstract
A biofuel includes a mixture having a gasoil generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose and an isomerized hydroprocessed ester and fatty acid (HEFA) generated from hydrotreating a renewable resource having fats and oils. The gasoil has a cetane index less than 46 and at least 10 parts per million weight (ppmw) of a heteroatom and a cetane index of the biofuel is greater than 46.
C10L 1/08 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Valentich, Griffin Michael
Miner, Elise Marie
Abstract
This invention provides an aviation fuel composition comprising: a cycloparaffinic kerosene generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose, wherein the cycloparaffinic kerosene comprises at least 90 vol% cycloparaffins and less than 1 vol% aromatics; a paraffinic-based kerosene comprising normal and iso-paraffins in an amount of greater than 95%; and optionally, a petroleum-derived kerosene.The aviation fuel composition of the present invention provides an environmentally-friendly fuel while providing improved lubricity and low temperature viscosity properties.
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
63.
SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR MAINTAINING CONTINUOUS CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE UTILISING WASTE EXCESS ENERGY FROM PARALLEL AND DOWNSTREAM PROCESSES
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Klokkenburg, Mark
Fu, Xiao
Abstract
This invention provides direct air capture (DAC) systems and processes for operating such systems that can operate continuously to remove carbon dioxide from an atmosphere under power from a wide range of intermittent renewable energy sources, and which is supplemented with recycled or excess energy derived from a parallel industrial process.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
64.
SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES FOR MAINTAINING CONTINUOUS CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Klokkenburg, Mark
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Fu, Xiao
Abstract
This invention provides systems and processes for operating systems that can operate continuously to remove carbon dioxide from an atmosphere under power from a wide range of intermittent renewable energy sources.
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
B01D 53/04 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Valentich, Griffin Michael
Miner, Elise Marie
Abstract
This invention provides an aviation fuel composition comprising: a cycloparaffinic kerosene generated from hydropyrolysis and hydroconversion of a solid biomass containing lignocellulose, wherein the cycloparaffinic kerosene comprises at least 90 vol% cycloparaffins and less than 1 vol% aromatics; a paraffinic-based kerosene comprising normal and iso-paraffins in an amount of greater than 95%; and optionally, a petroleum-derived kerosene.The aviation fuel composition of the present invention provides an environmentally-friendly fuel while providing improved lubricity and low temperature viscosity properties.
C10B 53/02 - Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 3/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
C10L 1/02 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
C10L 1/04 - Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Russo, Joseph Michael
Malisa, Edward Erastus
Abstract
Fuel composition comprising: (i) a base fuel suitable for use in an internal combustion engine; and (ii) a blend of a first monoalkyl alkenyl succinate and a second monoalkyl alkenyl succinate wherein the first monoalkyl alkenyl succinate and the second monoalkyl alkenyl succinate each have the formula (I) or (II) below, or are an isomeric mixture of formula (I) and (II) below: where R is a linear or branched alkenyl group containing from 4 to 30 carbon atoms, and R1 is a linear or branched C1 to C8 alkyl group; and wherein the first monoalkyl alkenyl succinate is different from the second monoalkyl alkenyl succinate. The fuel compositions of the present invention have been found to provide a synergistic reduction in engine wear.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Nenu, Nicoleta Cristina
Van Den Berg, Jana
Davies, Christian
Klemt, Andreas
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a method of sequestering carbon dioxide which comprises the steps of capturing carbon dioxide from an industrial gaseous waste stream and/or the atmosphere, converting a CO2 from the CO2 gas stream into a (COOH)2 and combining the (COOH)2, a mono-alcohol (X-OH), preferably CH3CH2OH, and a first acid catalyst comprising a H2SO4 at a temperature ranging from about 80 °C to about 100 °C and under atmospheric pressure to produce an ester comprising a (COOX)2 and preferably (COOEt)2;and the ester obtained is reacted with a polyol, preferably glycerine to form a polyester, preferably the polyester is a hydrogel.The present disclosure further relates to the use of a hydrogel which is obtainable by said method.
C08G 63/06 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07C 51/15 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction of organic compounds with carbon dioxide, e.g. Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis
C07C 67/03 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
C07C 67/08 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Nenu, Nicoleta Cristina
Van Den Berg, Jana
Davies, Christian
Klemt, Andreas
Abstract
22223224222;and the ester obtained is reacted with a polyol, preferably glycerine to form a polyester, preferably the polyester is a hydrogel.The present disclosure further relates to the use of a hydrogel which is obtainable by said method.
C08G 63/06 - Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids
C07C 51/15 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides by reaction of organic compounds with carbon dioxide, e.g. Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis
A01G 24/35 - Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
C09K 17/00 - Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
C07C 51/00 - Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides
C07C 67/03 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
C07C 67/08 - Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
69.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING KEROSENE AND DIESEL FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Chan, Pui Yiu Ben
Thyagarajan, Venkatesh
Van Doesburg, Edmundo Steven
Whitt, Rubin Keith
Yarulin, Artur
Abstract
A process for improving yield of kerosene from a renewable feedstock involves directing a hydroprocessed liquid stream to a lead stripper to separate a lead stripper bottoms stream and a lead stripper overhead stream comprising naphtha, lower and higher boiling point range hydrocarbons and water. Bulk water is removed from the lead stripper overhead stream resulting in an unstabilized hydrocarbon stream, which is passed to a stabilization column to separate a stabilized naphtha-containing stream from the lower boiling point range hydrocarbons. The stabilized naphtha-containing stream is passed to a rectification column to separate a rectification bottoms stream and a naphtha product stream. Kerosene and diesel boiling range product streams are separated from the lead stripper bottoms stream in a vacuum fractionator.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Schoonebeek, Ronald Jan
Unruh, Dominik Johannes Michael
Bos, Alouisius Nicolaas Renee
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for producing syngas using a catalytic reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction, the method at least comprising the steps of: a) providing a feed stream (10) comprising at least hydrogen (Hz) and carbon dioxide (CO2); b) heating the feed stream (10) provided in step a) in a first heat exchanger (3) thereby obtaining a first heated feed stream (20); c) introducing the first heated feed stream (20) into a first RWGS reactor (2) and subjecting it to a first catalytic RWGS reaction, thereby obtaining a first syngas containing stream (30); d) cooling the first syngas containing stream (30) obtained in step c) in the first heat exchanger (3) against the feed stream (10) provided in step a), thereby obtaining a first cooled syngas stream (40); e) separating the first cooled syngas stream (40) obtained in step d) in a first gas/liquid separator (6) thereby obtaining a first water-enriched stream (60) and a first water-depleted syngas stream (50); f) heating the first water-depleted syngas stream (50) obtained in step e) in a second heat exchanger (13) thereby obtaining a heated first water-depleted syngas stream (70); g) introducing the heated first water-depleted syngas stream (70) obtained in step f) into a second RWGS reactor (12) and subjecting it to a second catalytic RWGS reaction, thereby obtaining a second syngas containing stream (80); h) cooling the second syngas containing stream (80) obtained in step g) in the second heat exchanger (13) against the first water-depleted syngas (50) stream obtained in step e), thereby obtaining a second cooled syngas stream (90); i) separating the second cooled syngas stream (90) obtained in step h) in a second gas/liquid separator (16) thereby obtaining a second water-enriched stream (110) and a second water-depleted syngas stream (100); j ) separating the second water-depleted syngas stream (100) obtained in step i) in a CO2 removal unit (8) thereby obtaining a CO2-enriched stream (120) and a CO2- depleted syngas stream (130); k) combining the CO2-enriched stream (120) obtained in step j) with the feed stream (10) provided in step a) and/or the first water-depleted syngas stream (50) obtained in step e); wherein the temperature of the first syngas containing stream (30) obtained in step c) and the second syngas containing stream (80) obtained in step g) is kept below 600°C, preferably below 550°C; and wherein the first and the second RWGS reactors (2,3) each comprise a multi-tubular reactor heated by molten salt circulating around the tubes of the multi-tubular reactor.
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
71.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING KEROSENE FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Hasselt, Bastiaan Willem
Henket, Roy Leon Bernard
Samson, Marjan
Abstract
A process for producing kerosene involves reacting a renewable feedstock in a hydroprocessing section under hydroprocessing conditions sufficient to cause a hydroprocessing reaction to produce a hydroprocessed effluent. The hydroprocessed effluent is separated to produce a hydroprocessed liquid stream and a separation system offgas stream. The hydroprocessed liquid stream is directed to a work-up section where gases are stripped to produce a stripped liquid product stream and a stripper offgas stream. A gas stream comprising the separation system offgas stream and/or the stripper offgas stream are directed to a gas-handling section to obtain a pressurized gas stream and a hydrocarbon fraction that is liquid at a pressure in a range from 0 - 1.5 MPaG and a temperature in a range from 0 to 50C. The hydrocarbon fraction is recycled to the work-up section. A kerosene stream separated in the product recovery unit has a higher yield compared to conventional processes.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Chan, Pui Yiu Ben
Thyagarajan, Venkatesh
Van Doesburg, Edmundo Steven
Whitt, Rubin Keith
Yarulin, Artur
Abstract
A process for improving yield of kerosene from a renewable feedstock involves directing a to a lead stripper to separate a lead stripper bottoms stream comprising naphtha and higher boiling point range hydrocarbons and a lead stripper overhead stream. The lead stripper bottoms stream is passed to a naphtha recovery column to separate a vapor stream comprising naphtha and water in an overhead stream from a heavy hydrocarbon product stream. The vapor stream is condensed and water is removed to produce a product naphtha stream. Kerosene and diesel boiling point range product streams are separated from the heavy hydrocarbon product stream in a vacuum fractionator.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Schoonebeek, Ronald Jan
Unruh, Dominik Johannes Michael
Bos, Alouisius Nicolaas Renée
Abstract
22); b) heating the feed stream (10) provided in step a) in a first heat exchanger (3) thereby obtaining a first heated feed stream (20); c) introducing the first heated feed stream (20) into a first RWGS reactor (2) and subjecting it to a first catalytic RWGS reaction, thereby obtaining a first syngas containing stream (30); d) cooling the first syngas containing stream (30) obtained in step c) in the first heat exchanger (3) against the feed stream (10) provided in step a), thereby obtaining a first cooled syngas stream (40); e) separating the first cooled syngas stream (40) obtained in step d) in a first gas/liquid separator (6) thereby obtaining a first water-enriched stream (60) and a first water-depleted syngas stream (50); f) heating the first water-depleted syngas stream (50) obtained in step e) in a second heat exchanger (13) thereby obtaining a heated first water-depleted syngas stream (70); g) introducing the heated first water-depleted syngas stream (70) obtained in step f) into a second RWGS reactor (12) and subjecting it to a second catalytic RWGS reaction, thereby obtaining a second syngas containing stream (80); h) cooling the second syngas containing stream (80) obtained in step g) in the second heat exchanger (13) against the first water-depleted syngas (50) stream obtained in step e), thereby obtaining a second cooled syngas stream (90); i) separating the second cooled syngas stream (90) obtained in step h) in a second gas/liquid separator (16) thereby obtaining a second water-enriched stream (110) and a second water-depleted syngas stream (100); j ) separating the second water-depleted syngas stream (100) obtained in step i) in a CO2 removal unit (8) thereby obtaining a CO2-enriched stream (120) and a CO2- depleted syngas stream (130); k) combining the CO2-enriched stream (120) obtained in step j) with the feed stream (10) provided in step a) and/or the first water-depleted syngas stream (50) obtained in step e); wherein the temperature of the first syngas containing stream (30) obtained in step c) and the second syngas containing stream (80) obtained in step g) is kept below 600°C, preferably below 550°C; and wherein the first and the second RWGS reactors (2,3) each comprise a multi-tubular reactor heated by molten salt circulating around the tubes of the multi-tubular reactor.
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
74.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING KEROSENE AND DIESEL FROM RENEWABLE SOURCES
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Chan, Pui Yiu Ben
Thyagarajan, Venkatesh
Van Doesburg, Edmundo Steven
Whitt, Rubin Keith
Yarulin, Artur
Abstract
A process for improving yield of kerosene from a renewable feedstock involves directing a hydroprocessed liquid stream to a lead stripper to separate a lead stripper bottoms stream and a lead stripper overhead stream comprising naphtha, lower and higher boiling point range hydrocarbons and water. Bulk water is removed from the lead stripper overhead stream resulting in an unstabilized hydrocarbon stream, which is passed to a stabilization column to separate a stabilized naphtha-containing stream from the lower boiling point range hydrocarbons. The stabilized naphtha-containing stream is passed to a rectification column to separate a rectification bottoms stream and a naphtha product stream. Kerosene and diesel boiling range product streams are separated from the lead stripper bottoms stream in a vacuum fractionator.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Chan, Pui Yiu Ben
Thyagarajan, Venkatesh
Van Doesburg, Edmundo Steven
Whitt, Rubin Keith
Yarulin, Artur
Abstract
A process for improving yield of kerosene from a renewable feedstock involves directing a to a lead stripper to separate a lead stripper bottoms stream comprising naphtha and higher boiling point range hydrocarbons and a lead stripper overhead stream. The lead stripper bottoms stream is passed to a naphtha recovery column to separate a vapor stream comprising naphtha and water in an overhead stream from a heavy hydrocarbon product stream. The vapor stream is condensed and water is removed to produce a product naphtha stream. Kerosene and diesel boiling point range product streams are separated from the heavy hydrocarbon product stream in a vacuum fractionator.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Hasselt, Bastiaan Willem
Henket, Roy Léon Bernard
Samson, Marjan
Abstract
A process for producing kerosene involves reacting a renewable feedstock in a hydroprocessing section under hydroprocessing conditions sufficient to cause a hydroprocessing reaction to produce a hydroprocessed effluent. The hydroprocessed effluent is separated to produce a hydroprocessed liquid stream and a separation system offgas stream. The hydroprocessed liquid stream is directed to a work-up section where gases are stripped to produce a stripped liquid product stream and a stripper offgas stream. A gas stream comprising the separation system offgas stream and/or the stripper offgas stream are directed to a gas-handling section to obtain a pressurized gas stream and a hydrocarbon fraction that is liquid at a pressure in a range from 0 - 1.5 MPaG and a temperature in a range from 0 to 50C. The hydrocarbon fraction is recycled to the work-up section. A kerosene stream separated in the product recovery unit has a higher yield compared to conventional processes.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Van Den Berg, Roy
Zuidema, Erik
Vander Hoogerstraete, Patrick
Kijlstra, Wiebe Sjoerd
Roose, Milos
Abstract
A process for the preparation of a catalyst composition, which process comprises : forming a carrier from a mixture comprising a pentasil zeolite, one or more porous refractory oxide binders selected from alumina, amorphous silica-alumina, aluminum phosphate, magnesia, chromia, titania, boria and silica, and an aqueous solution of a zirconia precursor, and impregnating said carrier with metal dopants comprising one or more Group 10 metals selected from platinum, palladium and mixtures thereof in a total amount in the range of from 0. 001 to 1 wt. % and, optionally, in the range of from 0. 01 to 0. 5 wt. % tin, based on the total weight of the catalyst composition; a catalyst composition prepared by said process; and a process for the use of said catalyst composition in xylene isomerisation are provided.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Brown, Stephen Andrew
Friswell, Mark Robert
Abstract
The disclosure provides a method for vessel maintenance optimization, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining operational data of the vessel; calculating a Torque Index;calculating a Slip Index; indicating that propeller cleaning is required if the Torque Index exceeds a Torque Index threshold, and indicating that hull cleaning is required if the Slip Index exceeds a Slip Index threshold.
B63B 79/10 - Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, strain gauges or accelerometers
B63B 79/20 - Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using models or simulation, e.g. statistical models or stochastic models
B63B 79/30 - Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation for diagnosing, testing or predicting the integrity or performance of vessels
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Zinser, Caroline Magdalene
Felix-Moore, Alison
Krueger-Venus, Jens
Abstract
Use of (a) an amino-based deposit control additive; and (b) a complex ester obtainable by an esterification reaction between (A) at least one aliphatic linear or branched C2 to C12 dicarboxylic acid, (B) at least one aliphatic linear or branched polyhydroxy alcohol with 3 to 6 hydroxy groups and (c) as a chain stopping agent (C1) at least one aliphatic linear or branched C1-C30 monocarboxylic acid in case of an excess of component (B), or (C2) at least one aliphatic linear or branched monobasic C1-C30 alcohol in case of an excess of component (A); in a gasoline fuel composition for the purpose of providing a synergistic reduction in engine wear in a spark ignition internal combustion engine fuelled with said gasoline fuel composition.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Bhattacharya, Ishita
Pradhan, Pranaya Man Singh
Gopalan Nair, Pradeep Kumar
Blom, Robert Martijn
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for preparing a polyurethane foam having a resilience of at least 40%, comprising reacting a polyether polyol component (a) and a polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent and a foam stabiliser component (b), wherein polyether polyol component (a) comprises (a) (i) a polyether polyol which has a molecular weight lower than 4,500 g/mole and is prepared by ringopening polymerization of an alkylene oxide in the presence of an initiator having a plurality of active hydrogen atoms and a composite metal cyanide complex catalyst, and (a) (ii) a polyether polyol which has a molecular weight of 4,500 g/mole or higher and which has a primary hydroxyl content of at least 30%; and foam stabiliser component (b) comprises foam stabilisers (b) (i) and (b) (ii) which are organosilicone surfactants comprising a polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene copolymer, wherein the weight ratio of (b) (i) to (b) (ii) is at most 0.5:1.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Kruijer, Alfred Arnold
Verbist, Guy Lode Magda Maria
Abstract
This invention provides a thermal energy storage device (100) comprising a powder bed (110), at least two electrodes (301, 302, 303), and at least one heat transfer tube (200). The powder bed (110) has an electrical resistivity in a range of 500-50,000 Qm. The at least two electrodes (301, 302, 303) are embedded in the powder bed (110) and arranged to heat the powder bed (110) by providing a voltage between the electrodes (301, 302, 303). The at least one heat transfer tube (200) is arranged to contain a heat transfer fluid and has an inlet (210) and an outlet (220) connectable to a thermal energy consumer (30). The heat transfer tube (200) and the powder bed (110) are thermally coupled via an electrically insulating material.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Kruijer, Alfred Arnold
Verbist, Guy Lode Magda Maria
Abstract
This invention provides a thermal energy storage device (100) comprising a powder bed (110), at least two electrodes (301, 302, 303), and at least one heat transfer tube (200). The powder bed (110) has an electrical resistivity in a range of 500-50,000 Qm. The at least two electrodes (301, 302, 303) are embedded in the powder bed (110) and arranged to heat the powder bed (110) by providing a voltage between the electrodes (301, 302, 303). The at least one heat transfer tube (200) is arranged to contain a heat transfer fluid and has an inlet (210) and an outlet (220) connectable to a thermal energy consumer (30). The heat transfer tube (200) and the powder bed (110) are thermally coupled via an electrically insulating material.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Arunachalam, Arulmani
Abstract
This invention relates to a containment system for storing liquid hydrogen (3), comprising one or more walls forming a containment space (2). At least one of the one or more walls comprises an inner barrier layer (11), an outer barrier layer (12) and one or more spacer elements (14) disposed between the inner barrier layer (11) and the outer barrier layer (12) to separate the first and second barrier layers (11, 12), thereby creating space for a vacuum layer (13) in between the inner and outer barrier layers (11, 12). The outer barrier layer (12) is made of cryogenic ice having a temperature of below minus 150°C.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
De Rooy, Sergio Leon
Ascher, Robert
Constantinescu, Iulian
Viana Ramos, Victor Alexander
Abstract
A system (1) to mix an additive with an unbranded fuel includes a branded fuel compartment (2) and an additive tank (3) connected by a line (4). The system also includes a flow meter (5) between the additive tank (3) and the branded fuel compartment (2), and a first valve (6) to permit introduction of the unbranded fuel into the line (4) and to permit the offloading of branded fuel from the line (4). The system includes a second valve (12) to permit introduction of the unbranded fuel and the additive from the line (4) into the branded fuel compartment (2) and to permit the offloading of the branded fuel from the branded fuel compartment (2) into the line (4), and a controller (7) configured to selectively permit passage of the additive from the additive tank (3) into the line (4). The flow meter (5) is sized to measure the flow of the additive from the additive tank (3) but not to measure flow of the unbranded fuel.
B67D 7/04 - Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
B67D 7/74 - Devices for mixing two or more different liquids to be transferred
G05D 11/13 - Controlling ratio of two or more flows of fluid or fluent material characterised by the use of electric means
85.
A METHOD OF SUBJECTING A BIOMASS FEEDSTOCK TO HYDROPYROLYSIS
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Huizenga, Pieter
Sigaud, Julien
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method of subjecting a biomass feedstock to hydropyrolysis, the method at least comprising the steps of : a ) supplying a biomass feedstock and a fluidizing gas comprising hydrogen to a bulk reactor zone of a fluidized bed reactor containing a deoxygenating catalyst; b) subjecting the biomass feedstock in the bulk reactor zone of the fluidized bed reactor to a hydropyrolysis reaction by contacting the biomass feedstock with the deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of the fluidizing gas, thereby obtaining a hydropyrolysis reactor output comprising at least one non-condensable gas, a partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product and char; wherein the bulk reactor zone is cooled by means of a cooling fluid flowing through a plurality of tubes running through the bulk reactor zone, the plurality of tubes having inlets into and outlets from the bulk reactor zone; and wherein the cooling fluid flowing in the tubes at the point ( 'A' ) where the biomass feedstock enters the bulk reactor zone has a temperature of at least 320° C, preferably at least 340° C, more preferably at least 350° C, even more preferably at least 370°C, yet even more preferably at least 380°C.
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
86.
A METHOD OF SUBJECTING A BIOMASS FEEDSTOCK TO HYDROPYROLYSIS
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Huizenga, Pieter
Sigaud, Julien
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method of subjecting a biomass feedstock to hydropyrolysis, the method at least comprising the steps of : a ) supplying a biomass feedstock and a fluidizing gas comprising hydrogen to a bulk reactor zone of a fluidized bed reactor containing a deoxygenating catalyst; b) subjecting the biomass feedstock in the bulk reactor zone of the fluidized bed reactor to a hydropyrolysis reaction by contacting the biomass feedstock with the deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of the fluidizing gas, thereby obtaining a hydropyrolysis reactor output comprising at least one non-condensable gas, a partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product and char; wherein the bulk reactor zone is cooled by means of a cooling fluid flowing through a plurality of tubes running through the bulk reactor zone, the plurality of tubes having inlets into and outlets from the bulk reactor zone; and wherein the cooling fluid flowing in the tubes at the point ( 'A' ) where the biomass feedstock enters the bulk reactor zone has a temperature of at least 320° C, preferably at least 340° C, more preferably at least 350° C, even more preferably at least 370°C, yet even more preferably at least 380°C.
C10G 1/06 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by destructive hydrogenation
B01J 8/02 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
B01J 8/24 - Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
87.
HEAT INTEGRATION OF PROCESS COMPRISING A FLUID CATALYST CRACKING REACTOR AND REGENERATOR
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Ludolph, Robert Alexander
Abstract
This invention provides a heat integration process across two or more industrial processes, said heat integration process comprising : in a first process in a fluidised catalyst reactor in which a hydrocarbon feed is contacted with a regenerated catalyst in the upstream section of a reactor riser, passing the hydrocarbon feed and the catalyst admixed therewith through the reactor, thereby converting the hydrocarbon feed and deactivating the catalyst by deposition of carbonaceous deposits thereon, separating the deactivated catalyst from the converted hydrocarbon feed, passing the deactivated catalyst to a regenerator vessel wherein deposits are removed from the deactivated catalyst under exothermic process conditions by means of a regenerating medium introduced into the regenerator vessel, thereby regenerating and heating the catalyst, and passing the regenerated hot catalyst to the upstream section of the reactor, wherein a chemical feedstock for a second process is passed through a heat exchange system in direct contact with the regenerator vessel in order to provide heat to said chemical feedstock and second process.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Ludolph, Robert Alexander
Abstract
This invention provides a heat integration process across two or more industrial processes, said heat integration process comprising : in a first process in a fluidised catalyst reactor in which a hydrocarbon feed is contacted with a regenerated catalyst in the upstream section of a reactor riser, passing the hydrocarbon feed and the catalyst admixed therewith through the reactor, thereby converting the hydrocarbon feed and deactivating the catalyst by deposition of carbonaceous deposits thereon, separating the deactivated catalyst from the converted hydrocarbon feed, passing the deactivated catalyst to a regenerator vessel wherein deposits are removed from the deactivated catalyst under exothermic process conditions by means of a regenerating medium introduced into the regenerator vessel, thereby regenerating and heating the catalyst, and passing the regenerated hot catalyst to the upstream section of the reactor, wherein a chemical feedstock for a second process is passed through a heat exchange system in direct contact with the regenerator vessel in order to provide heat to said chemical feedstock and second process.
C10G 11/18 - Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils with preheated moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised bed" technique
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Del Paggio, Alan Anthony
Whitecotton, Wes W
Rausch, Christopher
Sakamoto, Alexandra Ioana
Abstract
A system for the treatment of a liquid plastic-derived oil having a pretreating section that includes a pretreating system having one or more reactors that may receive the liquid plastic-derived oil having one or more contaminants and a first contamination level. The one or more reactors includes a sorbent material having a faujasite (FAU) crystal framework type zeolitic molecular sieve and that may remove a first portion of the one or more contaminants from the liquid plastic-derived oil and generate a treated liquid plastic-derived oil having a second contamination level that is less than the first contamination level. The liquid plastic-derived oil is derived from a solid plastic waste (SPW), and the first portion of the one or more contaminants includes a halogen.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 25/05 - Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulfur compounds
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 67/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including a sorption process as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Del Paggio, Alan Anthony
Whitecotton, Wes W.
Rausch, Christopher
Sakamoto, Alexandra Ioana
Abstract
A system for the treatment of a liquid plastic-derived oil having a pretreating section that includes a pretreating system having one or more reactors that may receive the liquid plastic-derived oil having one or more contaminants and a first contamination level. The one or more reactors includes a sorbent material having a faujasite (FAU) crystal framework type zeolitic molecular sieve and that may remove a first portion of the one or more contaminants from the liquid plastic-derived oil and generate a treated liquid plastic-derived oil having a second contamination level that is less than the first contamination level. The liquid plastic-derived oil is derived from a solid plastic waste (SPW), and the first portion of the one or more contaminants includes a halogen.
C10G 1/00 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
C10G 25/05 - Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulfur compounds
C10G 65/12 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps
C10G 67/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including a sorption process as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 69/04 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 69/06 - Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen
C10G 1/10 - Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
91.
METHOD FOR CAPTURING LONG-RANGE DEPENDENCIES IN SEISMIC IMAGES
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Sen, Satyakee
Abstract
A method for capturing long-range dependencies in seismic images involves dependency-training a backpropagation-enabled process, followed by label-training the dependency-trained backpropagation-enabled process. Dependency-training computes spatial relationships between elements of the training seismic data set. Label-training computes a prediction selected from an occurrence, a value of an attribute, and combinations thereof. The label-trained backpropagation-enabled process is used to capture long-range dependencies in a non-training seismic data set by computing a prediction selected from the group consisting of a geologic feature occurrence, a geophysical property occurrence, a hydrocarbon occurrence, an attribute of subsurface data, and combinations thereof.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Brandt, Roel
Veggel Van, Twan Albertus Adrianus
Goossens, Jeroen Cornelis Josephus Maria
Shrivastava, Ashish
Di Nola, Gianluca
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for producing olefins from a feed stream containing hydrocarbons by pyrolytic cracking of the hydrocarbons in a cracker furnace, said process comprising : pre-heating the feed stream outside the cracker furnace; feeding the pre-heated feed stream to a tube in the convection section of the cracker furnace; further pre- heating the feed stream in the convection section; feeding the further pre-heated feed stream to a tube in the radiant section of the cracker furnace; pre-heating an oxygen containing stream; contacting the pre-heated oxygen containing stream with a fuel gas in a burner in the radiant section; and pyrolytic cracking the feed stream in the radiant section resulting in an ef fluent containing olefins.
C10G 9/36 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
C10G 9/00 - Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
93.
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS USING CATALYTIC REVERSE WATER GAS SHIFT
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Schoonebeek, Ronald Jan
Unruh, Dominik Johannes Michael
Bos, Alouisius Nicolaas Renee
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for producing syngas using a catalytic reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction, the method at least comprising the steps of: a) providing a feed stream (10) comprising at least hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2); b) heating the feed stream (10) provided in step a) in a first heat exchanger (3) thereby obtaining a first heated feed stream (20); c) introducing the first heated feed stream (20) into a RWGS reactor (2) and subjecting it to a catalytic RWGS reaction, thereby obtaining a syngas containing stream (30); d) cooling the syngas containing stream (30) obtained in step c) in the first heat exchanger (3) against the feed stream (10) provided in step a), thereby obtaining a first cooled syngas stream (40); e) cooling the first cooled syngas stream (40) obtained in step d) in a second heat exchanger (5) thereby obtaining a second cooled syngas stream (50); f) separating the second cooled syngas stream (50) obtained in step e) in a gas/liquid separator (6) thereby obtaining a water-enriched stream (110) and a water-depleted syngas stream (100); g) separating the water-depleted syngas stream (100) obtained in step f) in a CO2 removal unit (8) thereby obtaining a CO2-enriched stream (120) and a CO2-depleted syngas stream (130); and - 31 h) combining the CO2-enriched stream (120) obtained in step g) with the feed stream (10) provided in step a).
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
94.
A METHOD FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS USING CATALYTIC REVERSE WATER GAS SHIFT
C01B 3/12 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
C01B 3/16 - Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide using catalysts
C01B 3/50 - Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Macklin, Joseph Daniel
Ploemen, Ingmar Hubertus Josephina
Di Nola, Gianluca
Abstract
Methods and systems for steam production are provided. Methods include providing feedwater having an electrical conductivity of less than 200 μS/cm to an electrode boiler, andconverting the feedwater to saturated steam by the electrode boiler. The saturated steam is provided as a first fluid to a heat exchange component. Water having an electrical conductivity of more than 200 μS/cm is provided to the heat exchange component as a second fluid, where the second fluid is heated through indirect thermal transfer with the saturated steam to generate wet steam. The saturated steam is at least partially condensed in the heat exchange componentthrough the indirect thermal transfer with the second fluid. At least a portion of the thus obtained condensed fluid is fed back to the electrode boiler for use as part of the low-conductivity water to generate said saturated steam.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Macklin, Joseph Daniel
Ploemen, Ingmar Hubertus Josephina
Di Nola, Gianluca
Abstract
Methods and systems for steam production are provided. Methods include providing feedwater having an electrical conductivity of less than 200 µS/cm to an electrode boiler, andconverting the feedwater to saturated steam by the electrode boiler. The saturated steam is provided as a first fluid to a heat exchange component. Water having an electrical conductivity of more than 200 µS/cm is provided to the heat exchange component as a second fluid, where the second fluid is heated through indirect thermal transfer with the saturated steam to generate wet steam. The saturated steam is at least partially condensed in the heat exchange componentthrough the indirect thermal transfer with the second fluid. At least a portion of the thus obtained condensed fluid is fed back to the electrode boiler for use as part of the low-conductivity water to generate said saturated steam.
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
B01D 53/14 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by absorption
B01D 53/02 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Nisbet, Timothy Michael
Balaji, Sayee Prasaad
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from a CO2-containing stream, the method at least comprising the steps of: a) providing a CO2-containing stream (10), preferably air wherein the CO2-containing stream (10) has a CO2 content in the range of from 10 to 1000 ppmv, preferably from 100 to 1000 ppmv; b) removing CO2 from the CO2-containing stream (10) provided in step a) in a first CO2removal unit (2), thereby obtaining a first CO2-enriched stream (30) and a first CO2-depleted stream (20); c) liquefying the first CO2-enriched stream (30) obtained in step b) in a liquefaction unit (3); d) removing from the liquefaction unit (3) at least a liquefied CO2 stream (40) and a gaseous stream (15) containing at least nitrogen [N2(g) ], oxygen [O2 (g) ] and CO2 (g).
B01D 53/00 - Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases or aerosols
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
SHELL USA, INC. (USA)
Inventor
Bennis, Hanane Belmokaddem
Shea, Timothy Michael
Mehring, Andrew James
Abstract
Coating composition for an aircraft bladder comprising: (i) a first coating agent comprising vinylidene chloride copolymer, and (ii) a second coating agent comprising an epoxy resin, wherein the weight ratio of the first coating agent to the second coating agent is in the range from 2:1 to 3.5:1. The coating composition can be used in a method for reducing shrinkage of an aircraft bladder caused by exposure to an unleaded aviation fuel composition, wherein the method comprises coating the surface of the aircraft bladder with the coating composition.
SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V. (Netherlands)
Inventor
Van Slyke, Donald Curtis
Lu, Shawn Shaohua
Abstract
The present invention relates to a hydraulic fracturing fluid composition comprising a homogeneous non-aqueous organic phase mixture which mixture comprises a base fluid and one or more surfactants.