To provide carbon black that further improves the electrical insulating property and mechanical strength of rubber, and a method for producing the same. Carbon black having a strong acid group concentration of 0.50×10-5222SA) and IA of 1.20×103to 1.50×103m2/g, and a DBP absorption level of 130-150 cm3/100 g.
The present invention provides: a polycrystalline SiC molded article that has low resistivity and little variation in resistivity in the thickness direction thereof; and a method for producing the polycrystalline SiC molded article. The polycrystalline SiC molded article has a resistivity or not more than 0.050 Ωcm. When "A" is defined as the peak intensity in the range of a wavenumber of 950-970 cm-1in a Raman spectrum, and "B" is defined as the peak intensity in the range of a wavenumber of 780-800 cm-1 in a Raman spectrum, the average value of a peak intensity ratio (A/B) is not more than 0.040. The difference between the average peak intensity ratio of a growth face side and the average peak intensity ratio of a substrate face side is not more than 0.040.
The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a polycrystalline SiC molded article that has a small volume resistivity despite having a small crystal grain size; and a method for producing the same. The present invention provides a polycrystalline SiC molded body in which the average crystal grain size is 5 μm or less, the nitrogen concentration is 2.7 × 1019to 5.4 × 1020(pcs./cm3), and the product of the carrier density × the hole mobility is 4.0 x 1020to 6.0 × 1021 (pcs./cmVsec).
The present invention addresses the problem of providing a technology with which, in a sintered metal friction material with reduced copper content, agglomerates are less likely to occur during manufacturing, the strength of a molded body can be maintained, and wear can be suppressed during use. The present invention provides a sintered metal friction material, which is a sintered material of a friction material composition, wherein: the friction material composition comprises 42-95 mass% of matrix metal powder; the matrix metal powder includes 20-40 mass% of iron powder with respect to the mass of the friction material composition, and 20-40 mass% of nickel powder with respect to the mass of the friction material composition; the copper content of the friction material composition is at most 0.5 mass%; and the nickel powder includes spherical nickel powder and chain-like nickel powder.
22SA) of not less than 20 (m2/g) but less than 50 (m2/g), a DBP absorption of not less than 120 ml/100 g but less than 150 ml/100 g, a γab Della, which is the polar component of the surface free energy, of 20 mJ/m2to 40 mJ/m2, and a strongly acidic group concentration of 0.2 µmol/m2to 0.6 µmol/m2.
A polycrystalline SiC molded body comprising a first structure and a second structure, wherein the polycrystalline SiC molded body is plate-shaped and has a substantially flat main surface, the first structure is a polycrystalline SiC having a 3C-type crystal structure, the second structure is different from the first structure, in the first structure, the (111) plane, (200) plane, (220) plane, or (311) plane is oriented along a direction substantially normal to the main surface of the polycrystalline SiC molded body, the area fraction of the first structure in the main surface is more than 0% and less than 50%, the average crystal grain size is 5 μm or less, and in the X-ray diffraction pattern on the main surface, the ratio of the X-ray diffraction peak intensity of the SiC (111) plane to the total X-ray diffraction peak intensity of SiC (111) plane, SiC (200) plane, SiC (220) plane, and SiC (311) plane is 0.8 or more.
C04B 41/91 - After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
AQUEOUS CARBON BLACK DISPERSION FOR ELECTROCONDUCTIVE COATING MATERIALS, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AQUEOUS CARBON BLACK DISPERSION FOR ELECTROCONDUCTIVE COATING MATERIALS
22SA of 80 to 250 m2/g, a DBP oil absorption amount of 140 to 200 ml/100 g and an acidic hydroxyl group amount of 300 to 1200 μmol/g, in which the average particle diameter of the oxidized carbon black is preferably 100 to 300 nm.
A wafer lift pin for lifting a silicon wafer mounted on a susceptor, the wafer lift pin being inserted to be vertically movable in an insertion hole of the susceptor inside a semiconductor manufacturing device. The wafer lift pin has a rod-shaped base made of glassy carbon, and an SiC film that is formed using the CVD method and that coats the surface of the base. At least a part sliding along the inside of the insertion hole of the susceptor is coated by the SiC film. When the surface of the SiC film is observed using a scanning electron microscope, all the surfaces of the wafer lift pin in the observation field are coated with SiC particles, and in the observation field, the ratio of the observation area of SiC small particles for which the particle diameter is 2.00 µm or less with respect to the total coating area of the SiC film is 50% or greater, and the part in contact with the silicon wafer is not coated by the SiC film. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wafer lift pin that is not susceptible to cracking of the SiC film due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the SiC film and the glassy carbon during cooling after SiC film formation.
H01L 21/205 - Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth using reduction or decomposition of a gaseous compound yielding a solid condensate, i.e. chemical deposition
9.
POLYCRYSTALLINE SIC MOLDED BODY AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
Provided is a polycrystalline SiC molded body capable of realizing uniform plasma etching when used as an electrode, and a method for manufacturing same. This polycrystalline SiC molded body, wherein Wa (0-10 mm) of a main surface is 0.00-0.05 μm or less, Wa (10-20 mm) is 0.13 μm or less, and Wa (20-30 mm) is 0.20 μm or less.
NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
The present invention provides a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries that have excellent high-rate charge and discharge characteristics and excellent initial efficiency. A negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, the negative electrode material being composed of composite graphite particles that are obtained by specific steps, which are: a first coating step for coating graphite oxide particles with an organic binder; a step for forming amorphous carbon particle-adhered graphite oxide particles, in said step amorphous carbon particles being adhered to the organic binder; a second coating step for obtaining graphite oxide particles, each of which has an amorphous carbon particle-containing layer in the surface, by coating the amorphous carbon particles with an organic binder; and a burning carbonization step in which the graphite oxide particles, each of which has an amorphous carbon particle-containing layer in the surface, are subjected to burning carbonization.
22SA) of 25 to 60 m2/g, a DBP absorption amount of 90 to 180 cm3222SA) to a iodine adsorption amount (IA) of 1.10×103to 1.50×103m2/g, an NMR hydrogen amount of 150 to 250 /g, and a ΔD value of 260 to 290 cm-1.
A graphite electrode comprises a pole having a internally threaded socket in an end thereof and a externally threaded nipple that can be fastened to the socket. The value obtained by subtracting the effective diameter of the small diameter end side of the nipple from the effective diameter of the small diameter end side of the socket is from 0.05 mm to 0.7 mm, and the value obtained by subtracting the taper angle of the socket from the taper angle of the nipple is from –2' to –3' 30".
This friction material for brakes is used when a vehicle is travelling and when parked. The friction material is a sintered body of a raw material powder containing 20-50 mass% of copper, 7-25 mass% of graphite, 8-35 mass% of nickel, and abrasive particles having a particle diameter of 40-70 µm. The abrasive particles have a modified Mohs' hardness of 8-12, and are present in the friction material for brakes at a quantity of 20-50 (particles/mm2).
NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
A negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, said negative electrode material being characterized by being composed of graphite particles and cover layers that cover the graphite particles, while containing amorphous carbon particles and an amorphous carbonized binder material. This negative electrode material is also characterized in that: the coverage of the amorphous carbon particles is 50% or more when the surface thereof is examined; and the buried ratio of the amorphous carbon particles is from 10% to 90% when a cross-section thereof is examined. The present invention is able to provide a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, said negative electrode material having excellent high-rate charge and discharge characteristics, while using a graphite material.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/587 - Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
15.
NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES, METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES, AND MATERIAL FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
The present invention provides a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, said negative electrode material having excellent initial efficiency, while being capable of imparting high-rate charge and discharge characteristics and achieving a high discharge capacity. A negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, said negative electrode material being characterized by being composed of composite graphite particles that are obtained by specific steps, namely a coating step, a step for obtaining graphite particles with amorphous carbon particles, and a carbonization burning step for burning and carbonizing the graphite particles with amorphous carbon particles, while being also characterized in that if the surfaces of the composite graphite particles are observed, the coverage of the graphite particles by the amorphous carbon particles is 5% or more but less than 50%.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/587 - Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
16.
NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, AND MANUFACTURING MATERIAL FOR NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY
Provide is a negative electrode material that is for a lithium ion secondary battery and that exhibits excellent initial efficiency and high-speed charge/discharge characteristics. The negative electrode material for the lithium ion secondary battery is characterized by comprising composite graphite particles obtained by performing specific steps including a covering step, a step for obtaining amorphous carbon particle-attached graphite particles, and a sintering and carbonizing step for sintering and carbonizing the amorphous carbon particle-attached graphite particles, and is characterized in that the composite graphite particles have a coverage of 50% or more in which, when surface observation is performed, the graphite particles are covered with the amorphous carbon particles.
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/587 - Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
17.
NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERIES
A negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, said negative electrode material being characterized by being composed of graphite particles and coating layers that cover the graphite particles, while containing amorphous carbon particles and an amorphous carbonization binder material. This negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries is also characterized in that: the average particle diameter of the amorphous carbon particles as determined by surface observation is from 50 nm to 300 nm; the coverage of the amorphous carbon particles as determined by surface observation is 50% or more; and the specific surface area of this negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries is from 3.0 to 7.0 m2/g. The present invention is able to provide a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, said negative electrode material using a graphite material and exhibiting excellent high-rate charge and discharge characteristics.
Provided is a polycrystalline SiC molded body wherein the resistivity is not more than 0.050 Ωcm and, when the peak strength in a wave number range of 760-780 cm-1in a Raman spectrum is regarded as "A" and the peak strength in a wave number range of 790-800 cm-1 in the Raman spectrum is regarded as "B", then the peak ratio (A/B) is not more than 0.100.
C30B 28/14 - Production of homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure directly from the gas state by chemical reaction of reactive gases
19.
POLYCRYSTALLINE SIC MOLDED BODY AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME
Provided is a polycrystalline SiC molded body wherein the resistivity is not more than 0.050 Ωcm and, when the diffraction peak strength in a diffraction angle 2θ range of 33-34° in an X-ray diffraction pattern is regarded as "A" and the diffraction peak strength of the SiC(111) plane in the X-ray diffraction pattern is regarded as "B", then the ratio (A/B) is not more than 0.018.
A polycrystalline SiC molded body according to the present invention has a resistivity of 0.050 Ωcm or less, while having a residual stress of 120 MPa or less as determined by an X-ray diffraction method.
Provided is a carbon black capable of exhibiting excellent abrasion resistance while suppressing heat generation properties when mixed with a rubber composition such as a tire tread rubber composition, etc. This carbon black is characterized in that: the total active point represented by the product of the full width at half maximum of the Raman scattering peak that appears in the range of 1340-1360 cm-1when the excitation wavelength is 532 nm, and the specific surface area when nitrogen gas is adsorbed, is 3.60×104to 8.20×104(cm−1·m2/g); and when a nuclear magnetic resonance signal of a spin-spin relaxation process recorded by the solid echo method is represented by the sum of a first signal and a second signal having a larger relaxation time than the first signal, the amount of hydrogen represented by the signal intensity per unit mass at time 0 of the first signal is 50.0-250.0 (/g).
NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION SECONDARY BATTERY
901010, and crystal size Lc (004) within a prescribed range. When observed with SEM, in a graphite particle spherical aggregate have a circle equivalent diameter of at least 10µm, the proportion of the largest flat graphite particles observed on the outermost surface with a circle equivalent diameter of 2-12µm is 80% or higher.
Provided is a sintered metal friction material which has exceptional wear resistance and heat resistance even under high power, and in which the friction coefficient and wear resistance do not readily decrease and the copper content is reduced to less than 5% mass while the sintered metal friction material has a higher friction coefficient. The sintered metal friction material is characterized by comprising a sintered product of a friction material composition that includes 20-40% by mass of iron powder, 20-40% by mass of nickel powder, 0.5-10% by mass of zinc powder, 0.5-5% by mass of tin powder, 0.5-4% by mass of copper powder, and 0.5-5% by mass of sintering auxiliary powder as a matrix metal, and also includes a friction modifier.
B22F 7/00 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting
B22F 7/04 - Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
B22F 9/08 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
B22F 9/30 - Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor using chemical processes with decomposition of metal compounds, e.g. by pyrolysis
C22C 1/05 - Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
C22C 30/06 - Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing zinc
C22C 33/02 - Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
The present invention provides a carbon black that can impart, when mixed with a rubber component, excellent abrasion resistance together with reinforcing properties and low heat generating properties, which are normally difficult to make compatible with each other, and in particular that is suitable for a tire tread rubber that is used under severe driving conditions. Provided is a carbon black characterized in that the surface free energy γd obtained by reverse-phase gas chromatography analysis method is 50-200 mJ/m2, and the strongly acidic group concentration is 0-0.115 µmol/m2.
Provided is a process whereby an aqueous dispersion of oxidized carbon black particles which is excellent in terms of dispersibility and storage stability is easily produced in the case where the aqueous dispersion of oxidized carbon black particles is produced by oxidizing carbon black particles in a liquid phase using a persulfuric acid salt. The process is for producing an aqueous dispersion of oxidized carbon black particles by contacting at least one persulfuric acid salt with carbon black particles to oxidize the carbon black particles in a liquid phase, and is characterized in that the persulfuric acid salt and the carbon black particles are contacted with each other in water in the presence of an inorganic alkali in an amount which is not smaller than a theoretical amount necessary for neutralizing an acidic reaction product to be generated by the liquid-phase oxidation, and that the liquid-phase oxidation is conducted with heating.
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF OXIDIZED CARBON BLACK, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF OXIDIZED CARBON BLACK FOR INKJET INK
Provided is a method for easily manufacturing an aqueous dispersion of oxidized carbon black whereby polyvalent metal ions are removed to a high degree and excellent dispersion stability can be demonstrated. A method for manufacturing an aqueous dispersion of oxidized carbon black, the method characterized by comprising sequentially performing: a neutralizing step for mixing an alkali metal hydroxide with an aqueous slurry of oxidized carbon black having one or more species of negative ionic functional groups on the surface thereof in the presence of one or more species selected from water-soluble chelating agents or salts thereof, and heating and neutralizing the mixture, or mixing the alkali metal hydroxide with the aqueous slurry and heating and neutralizing the mixture, and then mixing one or more species therewith selected from water-soluble chelating agents or salts thereof; and a separation removal step for separating and removing a polyvalent metal ion chelate complex, using a separation membrane, from the mixture obtained in the neutralizing step.
Provided is a separator for fuel cells, which is not susceptible to occlusion of a flow channel due to water that is generated during the power generation for a long period of time, and which is suppressed in increase of the contact resistance and decrease of the power generation efficiency, while having excellent strength and excellent uniformity. A separator for fuel cells, which is obtained by forming a hydrophilic thermoset resin film on a main surface of a base that is formed of a graphite resin composite molded body having a surface that is provided with a rib portion and a groove portion. This separator for fuel cells is characterized in that: the graphite resin composite molded body contains a graphite powder and a resin component at a mass ratio, that is (the mass of the graphite powder)/(the mass of the resin component), of from 90/10 to 70/30; at least a part of the rib portion and a part of the groove portion formed in the surface of the base that is formed of the graphite resin composite molded body are subjected to a surface roughening treatment so as to have a surface roughness of 0.15-1.5 μm; and the hydrophilic thermoset resin film is formed only in the groove portion of the surface of the graphite resin composite molded body.
Provided is a completely novel carbon black whereby rubber characteristics such as reinforcing properties and heating characteristics can be improved. A carbon black characterized by having an aggregate void mode diameter (Dmp) of 25 nm to 60 nm calculated by a mercury penetration method, and the ratio ∆Dmp/mode diameter (Dmp) specified by the aggregate void mode diameter (Dmp) and the full width at half-maximum ∆Dmp of the aggregate void diameter distribution calculated by the mercury penetration method is 0.30 to 0.56.
Provided is a carbon black which, when used as compounded ingredient of a rubber composition, can improve the workability and reinforcing properties of the obtained rubber, as well as improving the exothermic characteristics of the obtained rubber, and which is suitable for use in rubber members of which high wear resistance is required, such as tire treads. This carbon black is characterized in that the mean particle size of the primary particles is 15-35 nm, and the Stokes mode diameter of the aggregate is 140-180 nm as measured by centrifugal sedimentation analysis, the aggregate being spherical in shape when observed with a transmission electron microscope.
Provided is a process by which a graphite powder that is for a lithium secondary battery negative electrode material and that has a small specific surface area can be easily manufactured with a high graphitization efficiency while reducing energy consumption. A process for manufacturing a graphite powder for a lithium secondary battery negative electrode material, characterized by comprising: melt-mixing a coke powder obtained by subjecting a green coke powder which exhibits a particle diameter of 5 to 50μm at a cumulative volume of 50% in the volume-based cumulative particle size distribution to heat treatment in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature of 600 to 1450ºC with a carbon precursor binder so as to adjust the amount of fixed carbon of the carbon precursor binder to 5 to 15 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the coke powder; pressing the resulting mixture to form a compact; conducting the carbonization and graphitization of the compact by heat treatment in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to form a graphitized compact; and pulverizing the graphitized compact.
A sliding layer (21) of a sintered copper alloy is formed in the sliding surface (12A) of a valve plate (12). That is, the valve plate (12) is formed of a ferrous material such as cast iron or steel, while the sliding surface (12A) constituting the surface of the valve plate (12) is composed of the sliding layer (21). The sliding layer (21) consists of a sintered copper alloy which comprises Cu (copper) and Sn (tin) as main components with the balance containing 2 to 6 wt% of CaF2(calcium fluoride) as an essential component. The average particle diameter of the CaF2 is controlled to 40 to 350μm. On the other hand, the sliding surface (8A) of a cylinder block (8), namely a counterpart sliding surface, is composed of a sliding layer of a ferrous material. That is, the sliding layer (21) of a copper alloy is not formed in the sliding surface (8A).
F04B 1/22 - Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
F03C 1/24 - Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with movable cylinders in which the liquid exclusively displaces one or more pistons reciprocating in rotary cylinders
F03C 1/253 - Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with movable cylinders in which the liquid exclusively displaces one or more pistons reciprocating in rotary cylinders with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel to, main shaft axis
33.
SiC MOLDED BODY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SiC MOLDED BODY
Provided is a CVD SiC molded body which has low light transmittance and high resistivity, and which is suitable for use as a member for an etcher that is used in a semiconductor production procedure, and the like. Specifically provided is an SiC molded body which is formed by a CVD method and contains 1-30 ppm by mass of boron atoms and more than 100 ppm by mass but 1,000 ppm by mass or less of nitrogen atoms. This SiC molded body preferably has a resistivity of more than 10 Ω·cm but 100,000 Ω·cm or less and a light transmittance of 0-1% at a wavelength of 950 nm.
C04B 35/565 - Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramic compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxides based on carbides based on silicon carbide
C23C 16/01 - Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition (CVD) processes on temporary substrates, e.g. on substrates subsequently removed by etching
34.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF SURFACE-TREATED CARBON BLACK PARTICLES AND AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF SURFACE-TREATED CARBON BLACK PARTICLES
Provided is a method for producing an aqueous dispersion of surface-treated carbon black particles that shows an excellent degree of black and dispersibility; when used as a water-based black ink, has excellent shelf life, shows little feathering, has excellent discharge stability and smear resistance (fast drying performance); and has a strong effect in terms of preventing metal corrosion. The method for producing an aqueous dispersion of surface-treated carbon black particles is characterized in that in an aqueous dispersion of oxidized carbon black particles wherein acidic hydroxyl groups have been imparted to the surface of carbon black particles having a DBP absorption of 120 cm3/100 g or greater, 5% or more but less than 50% of the acid hydroxyl groups are neutralized by polyvalent cations and then the remainder of the acidic hydroxyl groups are neutralized by monohydric cations.
Provided is a process for easily producing a pigment dispersion composition which exhibits excellent image density, dispersion properties and storage stability and high resolubility and which ensures excellent marker resistance and scratch resistance of ink film. A process for producing a pigment dispersion composition, characterized by comprising: bringing a pigment (I) which has acidic groups on the surface into contact with a basic compound (II) which has, in the molecule, two or more amino groups selected from primary amino groups and secondary amino groups in an aqueous medium to prepare a pigment which has unreacted amino groups on the surface; bringing the pigment which has unreacted amino groups on the surface into contact with a polyisocyanate polyurethane resin (III) which has two or more terminal isocyanate groups to form urea bonds and thus prepare a dispersion of a pigment-polyurethane resin adduct (A); and then subjecting the dispersion of a pigment-polyurethane resin adduct (A) to heat treatment at 40 to 100°C for 1 to 30 days.
Provided is a pigment which exhibits excellent image density, dispersibility, storage stability, resolubility, and excellent resistances of ink film to markers and scratch. The pigment is a polyurethane resin addition pigment characterized by being produced by: bringing, in an aqueous medium, a pigment (I) which has acid groups on the surface into contact with a basic compound (II) which has, in the molecule, two or more amino groups selected from among primary and secondary amino groups to form a pigment which has unreacted amino groups on the surface; and then bringing this pigment which has unreacted amino group on the surface into contact with a water-dispersible polyurethane resin (III) which has terminal isocyanate groups and a polyisocyanate compound (IV) to bond, by urea linkages, the water-dispersible polyurethane resin (III) and the polyisocyanate compound (IV) to the pigment which has unreacted amino groups on the surface.
Disclosed is a pigment with excellent image density, dispersion, storage stability, re-solubility, and resistance of an ink film to markers and abrasion. The disclosed polyurethane resin adhesion pigment is formed by contacting in an aqueous medium (I) a pigment having acidic groups on the surface, and (II) a water-dispersible polyurethane resin having tertiary amino groups and having anionic polar groups or nonionic polar chains. The aforementioned pigment (I) having acid groups on the surface is preferably a polyurethane resin adhesion pigment which is a self-dispersing carbon black having acid groups on the surface.
Provided is a carbon black that is formed from primary particles, the average grain size of which is 15 to 40 nm and the surface of which has microprotrusions having an average length of 2 to 10 nm. Preferably the carbon black absorbs 40 to 150 mL/100 g of DBP and has a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of 50 to 150 m2/g. Also provided is a method for producing a carbon black in which a reaction furnace is used. The reaction furnace has a fuel combustion zone, a starting-material introduction zone, and a reaction suspension zone which are disposed in succession from the upstream to the downstream direction of a gas path. Oxygen-containing gas and fuel are introduced to the fuel combustion zone and mixed combustion is performed. The resulting high-temperature combustion gas current is introduced to the starting-material introduction zone as starting hydrocarbon is introduced at a first step and starting hydrocarbon and oxygen-containing gas are introduced at a second step, and the high-temperature combustion gas current is reacted with said starting materials in succession to generate a carbon black-containing gas. The carbon black-containing gas is introduced to the reaction suspension zone as a cooling liquid is sprayed.
Disclosed is a method for preparing an aqueous polymer-pigment dispersion that demonstrates superior image density, dispersion properties, and storage stability. Specifically disclosed is preparation method for an aqueous polyurethane resin-pigment dispersion that is characterized by bringing a pigment (I), which has an acidic group on the surface, and a basic compound (II), which has at least two amino groups selected from among a primary amino group and a secondary amino group in each molecule, into contact in an aqueous medium; and by, after preparing a pigment with a nonreactive amino group on the surface, further bringing a polyurethane resin (III) with a terminal isocyanate group into contact with and reacting with the same.
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (Japan)
Inventor
Fujioka Hiroshi
Hirasaki Tetsuro
Ue Hitoshi
Yamashita Junya
Hatori Hiroaki
Abstract
Disclosed is a semiconductor substrate which has a semiconductor layer having high crystallinity. Specifically disclosed are: a semiconductor substrate that comprises a graphite layer, which is composed of a heterocycle polymer obtained by condensing an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid and an aromatic tetraamine, and a semiconductor layer that is provided on the surface of the graphite layer and uses the surface of the graphite layer as the growth surface; and a semiconductor substrate that comprises a substrate having a surface that is provided with a graphite layer, which is composed of a heterocycle polymer obtained by condensing an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid and an aromatic tetraamine, a buffer layer that is provided on the surface of the graphite layer and uses the surface of the graphite layer as the growth surface, and a semiconductor layer that is provided on the buffer layer and uses the surface of the buffer layer as the growth surface.
H01L 21/203 - Deposition of semiconductor materials on a substrate, e.g. epitaxial growth using physical deposition, e.g. vacuum deposition, sputtering
41.
PROCESS FOR PRODUCING DISPERSION OF SURFACE-TREATED CARBON BLACK POWDER AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SURFACE-TREATED CARBON BLACK POWDER
A process for producing a dispersion of a surface-treated carbon black powder is provided, the dispersion giving a water-based black ink for ink-jet printers which attains excellent printed-image density and printed-image quality and has excellent delivery stability and storage stability. The process for producing a dispersion of a surface-treated carbon black powder is characterized by granulating fine carbon black particles having a volume-average particle diameter of 100 nm to 20 µm by a wet method, heating and drying the granules to produce carbon black granules having a hardness of 12 cN or lower and a pH less than 7, subsequently pulverizing the granules to obtain particles having a volume-average particle diameter of 20 nm to 20 µm, and subjecting the resultant particles to a wet oxidization treatment in an aqueous medium.
Provided is a method for producing a fuel cell separator, comprising: a step for producing a premolding sheet for forming a delicate part by subjecting a molding material for a delicate part, which contains a carbonaceous powder and a thermosetting resin binder, to pressure molding under a temperature that is the softening temperature of the thermosetting resin binder or higher, but lower than the hardening temperature of the thermosetting resin binder; a step for producing a powder for forming a porous part, which contains a carbonaceous powder and a thermosetting resin binder; a step for filling the premolding sheet for forming a delicate part and the powder for forming a porous part in a mold which has an uneven molding surface corresponding to the shape of the gas flow path, such that the uneven molding surface and the powder for forming a porous part oppose each other; and a step for subjecting the premolding sheet for forming a delicate part and the powder for forming a porous part to molding by applying heat and pressure to the mold under a temperature that is at least the highest setting temperature from among the setting temperatures of the aforementioned plurality of thermosetting resin binders.
The purpose of the object is to provide an aqueous dispersion of a carbon black which is suitable as an aqueous black ink for inkjet printers. An aqueous dispersion of a surface-treated carbon black comprising the surface-treated carbon black, which has been chemically modified by dehydrating and condensing a hydrophilic surface functional group of carbon black with an amino group-containing compound by using a triazine-based condensing agent to thereby form an amide bond, dispersed in an aqueous medium; and a method of producing an aqueous dispersion of a surface-treated carbon black which comprises adding an amino group-containing compound and a triazine-based condensing agent to a dispersion wherein a carbon black, which has been oxidized to form a hydrophilic surface functional group, is dispersed in an aqueous medium, stirring the mixture at room temperature to thereby dehydrate and condense the above-described hydrophilic surface functional group with the amino group-containing compound, and then removing large particles, the unreacted amino group-containing compound, a decomposition product of the triazine-based condensing agent and the unreacted matter followed by neutralization, purification and concentration.
It is intended to provide dispersible surface-modified carbon black, in which a surface of carbon black is modified by binding a functional group on the surface of carbon black to one terminal diol-modified polymer via a triisocyanate compound, and which shows an excellent dispersibility in a nonpolar solvent, a low polar solvent or a resin. The dispersible surface-modified carbon black is characterized in that the functional group on the surface of carbon black is bound to an isocyanate group at one end of the triisocyanate compound having isocyanate groups at three ends of iso structure, and isocyanate groups at the other two ends are bound to a hydroxyl group of the one terminal diol-modified polymer.
This invention provides a negative electrode material for a lithium rechargeable battery, which exhibit a higher lithium ion dope and undope speed, has excellent charge/discharge cycle properties, and has a high output suitable not only as power supplies for portable equipment but also as power sources for hybrid cars and electric vehicles. The negative electrode material is characterized by comprising carbon microspheres having an arithmetic mean primary particle diameter (dn) of 150 to 1000 nm as measured under an electron microscope, a volatile matter content (Vm) of not more than 5.0%, a ﶴDst/Dst ratio of 0.40 to 1.10, wherein Dst represents Stokes mode diameter as measured with a disk centrifuge apparatus (DCF) and ﶴDst represents the half value width of the Stokes mode diameter, and a lattice spacing (d002) of not more than 0.370 nm as measured by X-ray diffractometry.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
46.
METHOD FOR PRODUCING SEPARATOR MATERIAL FOR SOLID POLYMER FUEL CELL
Disclosed is a method for efficiently producing a separator material for solid polymer fuel cells, which enables to obtain a uniformly thin separator material with good quality characteristics for miniaturizing fuel cells. This method for producing a separator material for solid polymer fuel cells is characterized by sequentially performing the following steps 1-3. Step 1: A slurry having a viscosity of 100-1500 mPa s is prepared by dispersing 100 parts by weight of a carbonaceous powder in a resin solution which is obtained by dissolving 10-35 parts by weight of a resin binder and 0.1-10 parts by weight of a dispersing agent in an organic solvent. Step 2: A green sheet is prepared by immersing an organic material sheet having an opening area ratio (R) of through holes of 25-85% in the slurry for applying the slurry over the both sides of the organic material sheet, and then drying the resulting sheet for fixing the slurry thereon. Step 3: The green sheet is cut into a predetermined shape, and one cut sheet or a laminate of two or more cut sheets are subjected to hot pressing.
Disclosed is a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries having excellent rate characteristics, high reversible capacity and high initial efficiency. Also disclosed is a method for producing such a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries. Specifically disclosed is a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries, which is characterized by being composed of a composite particle having a core/shell structure, wherein the surface of a graphite powder having an average particle diameter of 5-30 &mgr;m and an average lattice spacing d(002) of less than 0.3360 nm is bound and covered with an amorphous carbon powder having an average particle diameter of 0.05-2 &mgr;m and an average lattice spacing d(002) of not less than 0.3360 nm, by a carbide of a binder pitch. A method for producing such a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries is characterized in that after mixing a graphite powder with a pitch having a softening point of 70-250˚C, an amorphous carbon powder is added thereto and the resulting is kneaded while applying a mechanical impact thereto, thereby softening the pitch for dispersing and fixing the amorphous carbon powder in the softened pitch, and finally the resulting is fired and carbonized in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
H01M 4/36 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
48.
AQUEOUS CARBON BLACK PIGMENT AND WATER-BASED DISPERSION THEREOF
An aqueous carbon black pigment that when used in an ink for inkjet printer, etc., attains excellent water resistance and fixability of prints; and a water-based dispersion thereof. The aqueous carbon black pigment is characterized by being obtained by crosslink bonding of oxidized carbon black with a water soluble resin by a water-dispersible crosslinking agent in an aqueous medium. Preferably, the water soluble resin is a resin having a monomer unit of acrylic acid and/or acrylic acid derivative as a constituent thereof, a resin having a monomer unit of maleic acid and/or maleic acid derivative as a constituent thereof, a resin composed mainly of a styrene-acrylic acid copolymer, a resin composed mainly of a styrene-maleic acid copolymer or styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, etc., and the water-dispersible crosslinking agent is an isocyanate compound. The water-based dispersion is one having this aqueous carbon black pigment in a concentration appropriate according to intended use dispersed in an aqueous medium.
A negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery that taking advantage of the excellent rate characteristics of carbon black, ensures a high-level reversible capacity and initial efficiency; and a process for producing the same. The negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery is characterized in that it consists of composite particles of graphite powder particle, carbon black and pitch carbide, the composite particles having an average particle diameter (D50) of 8 to 15 騜m and a specific surface area of 15 m2/g or less. The process for producing the same is characterized by conducting mixing/kneading of 30 to 120 parts by weight of pitch after removal of free carbon or pitch of less than 1% quinoline insoluble content with 100 parts by weight of mixed powder obtained by mixing graphite powder particles of 3 to 10 騜m average particle diameter (D50) and 0.2 騜m or less standard deviation thereof with carbon black in a weight ratio of 1 : 1.5 to 3.0, and thereafter subjecting the mixture to firing carbonization, or further graphitization, in a nonoxidative atmosphere at 1000°C or higher.
A process for producing a negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary battery having reduced irreversible capacity and increased reversible capacity through inhibiting of a fresh exposure of active surface of graphite generated by pulverization. The process is characterized in that graphite particles, pitch of 0.3% or less quinoline insoluble content and 50% or more fixed carbon content and a fusible organic substance of 50% or more volatile content when heated in air at 400°C and 3% or less residual carbon ratio when heated in an inert atmosphere at 800°C are melt kneaded together and the resultant mixture is fired so as to attain carbonization and graphitization and thereafter pulverized. In this process, preferably, the mixing ratio of graphite particles and pitch is such that 25 to 40 parts by weight of pitch is used per 100 parts by weight of carbonaceous particles, and the kneaded mixture after being molded into a molded form is fired so as to attain carbonization and graphitization and thereafter pulverized.
A separator material for fuel cells which is homogeneous and reduced in thickness unevenness and which has a small thickness, with the thinnest-part thickness being 0.3 mm or smaller, and enables fuel cell miniaturization. It is characterized by being obtained by: superposing green sheets produced by the doctor blade method from a slurry obtained by dispersing a graphite powder in a resin solution comprising an organic solvent and, dissolved therein, a resin binder and a dispersant; and molding the superposed sheets by hot pressing. Also provided is a process for producing the separator material characterized by dispersing 100 parts by weight of a graphite powder in a resin solution comprising an organic solvent and, dissolved therein, 10-35 parts by weight of a resin binder and 0.1-10 parts by weight of a dispersant to prepare a slurry having a viscosity of 100-2,000 mPa쮏s, applying the slurry to a film by the doctor blade method, drying the slurry applied, subsequently stripping the resultant coating from the film to produce a green sheet, superposing layers of this green sheet, and molding the stack by hot pressing.
A separator material suitable for use in a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is low in electrical resistivity and in its anisotropy, has excellent impermeability to gas and can be provided at low cost. The separator material is characterized in that it comprises a plate molded product of graphite/cured resin, the graphite/cured resin comprises 100 parts by weight of a graphite powder formed of a mixture of an artificial graphite powder having an average particle diameter A of 1 to 15 騜m and a natural graphite powder having an average particle diameter B of A × (2 to 20) 騜m at a weight ratio of 80 : 20 to 60 : 40 and 10 to 35 parts by weight of a heat curing resin, the graphite powder having been bonded to and integrated with one another with the aid of the heat curing resin, the plate molded product having properties of an electrical resistivity of not more than 0.02 俑cm, an anisotropic ratio of the electrical resistivity of not more than 2, and a gas permeability of not more than 10-6 cm3/cm2쮏min. There is also provided a production process of the separator material, characterized by comprising mixing a graphite powder, a heat curing resin, a dispersant, and a dispersing agent together to prepare a slurry and molding the slurry by thermocompression molding into a plate, or alternatively depositing the slurry onto a base material sheet to prepare a green sheet and then molding the green sheet by thermocompression molding into a plate.
The invention provides surface-modified carbon black which exhibits excellent dispersibility in silicone oil which is a nonpolar medium; and dispersions of the surface-modified carbon black. The surface-modified carbon black is characterized by chemical bonding of an isocyanate compound having isocyanate groups at both ends which compound is bound to a functional group on the surface of carbon black by a urethane linkage to a reactive silicone polymer, while the dispersions are characterized by being produced by dissolving an isocyanate compound having isocyanate groups at both ends in a solvent, adding carbon black to the solution to bind an isocyanate group to the surface of carbon black particles by a urethane linkage, removing unreacted isocyanate compound, dispersing the resulting system in silicone oil, adding a reactive silicone polymer to the dispersion, and subjecting the resulting dispersion to mixing and defoaming.
Disclosed are: a surface-modified carbon black pigment, which is suitable as a black-color microparticle for use in an electronic paper; a dispersion of the carbon black pigment in a silicone oil; and a process for production of the carbon black pigment. The carbon black pigment for an electronic paper comprises a surface-modified carbon black, in which a diphenylmethane group urethane-bound to a carbon black particle through a functional group on the surface of the carbon black particle is bound to a polysiloxane group. The carbon black dispersion for an electronic paper comprises 1 to 20% by weight of the carbon black pigment dispersed in a silicone oil. The process for production of the carbon black pigment comprises the steps of: reacting a functional group on the surface of a carbon black particle with a diphenyl compound having an isocyanate group at its both termini in a non-reactive organic solvent to cause the attachment the diphenylmethane group to the surface of the carbon black particle through an urethane bond; and binding a polysiloxane to the resulting compound in a silicone oil.
G02F 1/167 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
G02F 1/17 - Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-absorption elements not provided for in groups
55.
AQUEOUS CARBON BLACK DISPERSION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
An aqueous carbon black dispersion in which the carbon black has excellent dispersibility in the aqueous medium and which, when used as a water-based black ink such as, e.g., an ink for ink-jet printers, is reduced in feathering and excellent in marring resistance (rapid-drying properties), delivery stability, etc.; and a process for producing the dispersion. The aqueous carbon black dispersion comprises an aqueous medium and, dispersed therein, a carbon black in which hydrogen-containing acid groups present on the surface of the carbon black particles have been neutralized with cations having a valence of 2 or higher and monovalent cations to replace 50-95% of the hydrogen groups of the acid groups with divalent cations and replace the remaining hydrogen groups with monovalent cations. The process for producing the dispersion is characterized by mixing a carbon black with an aqueous solution of an oxidizing agent to oxidize the carbon black in the liquid phase, thereafter removing the salt formed by reduction and contained in the resultant slurry, subsequently adding cations having a valence of 2 or higher and monovalent cations to the slurry to neutralize the carbon black and thereby replace 50-95% of the hydrogen groups in the acid groups with divalent cations and the remaining hydrogen groups with the monovalent cations, and then purifying the carbon black.
A water-dispersible carbon black pigment excellent in water dispersibility and ink performance; and a process for producing an aqueous carbon black dispersion. The water-dispersible carbon black pigment comprises a mixture of a carbon black (A) having a nitrogen-adsorption specific surface area of 150 m2/g or larger, a DBP absorption of 95 cm3/100 g or higher, and a specific coloring power of 120% or higher and a carbon black (B) having a nitrogen-adsorption specific surface area smaller than 150 m2/g, a DBP absorption less than 95 cm3/100 g, and a specific coloring power of 120% or higher in a proportion of from 20:80 to 80:20 by weight, these carbon blacks having undergone a surface oxidation treatment and a neutralization treatment, and at least the carbon black (A) having undergone a disaggregation treatment. The process comprises separately dispersing the carbon black (A) and the carbon black (B) in an aqueous oxidizing agent solution to conduct an oxidation treatment, subjecting these carbon blacks to a neutralization treatment, subjecting at least the carbon black (A) to a disaggregation treatment, thereafter purifying them, subsequently mixing the carbon black (A) with the carbon black (B) in a proportion of from 20:80 to 80:20 by weight, and then dispersing the resultant water-dispersible carbon black pigment into an aqueous medium.
A separator material for fuel cells which has high electrical conductivity, high gas impermeability, large breaking strain, and excellent strength properties; and a process for producing the material. The separator material for fuel cells comprises a graphite/cured-resin molding obtained by bonding with a thermosetting resin sphered natural-graphite particles which have been obtained by sphering flaky natural graphite having an average particle diameter of 1-50 쎽m by the high-speed flow impact method and which have an average particle diameter of 20-100 쎽m, a particle density as measured in water of 2 g/cm3 or higher, a compressive resilience, as measured after pressing at a pressure of 50 MPa, of 120% or lower, and a density during the compression of 1.9 g/cm3 or higher. The process is characterized by producing sphered natural-graphite particles having these properties, kneading the sphered natural-graphite particles together with a thermosetting resin in such amounts that the proportion of the graphite particles to the solid component of the resin is from 90/10 to 65/35 by weight, subsequently drying the mixture, pulverizing it to produce a molding powder, packing the molding powder into a mold bearing grooves/ridges serving to form a gas channel, and molding it by hot pressing at a temperature of 120°C or higher and a pressure of 20-100 MPa.
This invention provides a separator material for a fuel battery, which has a large breaking strain and a high material strength, can prevent, for example, breaking during the assembly of a battery stack and cracking during the operation of the battery, and has excellent material properties such as excellent electrical conductivity and gas impermeability, and a process for producing the same. The separator material for a fuel battery is characterized by comprising a carbon/resin cured molded product comprising a carbon powder bound by a binding material comprising a mixed resin composed of a bifunctional aliphatic alcohol ether-type epoxy resin and a polyfunctional phenol-type epoxy resin, and a phenol resin curing agent and a curing accelerator as indispensable components. The process for producing a separator material for a fuel battery is characterized by comprising kneading a resin solution, prepared by dissolving a bifunctional aliphatic alcohol ether-type epoxy resin and a polyfunctional phenol-type epoxy resin, a phenol resin curing agent and a curing accelerator in an organic solvent, with a carbon powder, then vaporizing and removing the organic solvent, then pulverizing the kneaded product, then filling the resultant molding powder into a preform mold, putting an upper mold, pressing the mold at 1 to 10 MPa, charging the preform into a mold, and thermocompressing the preform at a pressure of 20 to 50 MPa and a temperature of 150 to 250ºC.
It is intended to provide an aqueous dispersion of carbon black, which is excellent in the dispersibility in an aqueous vehicle and shows high friction resistance (quick-drying properties), jetting stability and so on as a water-based black ink such as an ink for ink jet printers, and a method of producing the same. Namely, an aqueous dispersion of carbon black characterized in that carbon black, wherein acidic groups formed by liquid-phase acidification on the surface of carbon black particles are neutralized with basic amino acids and basic compounds other than the basic amino acids while hydrogen groups in the acidic groups are substituted by the basic amino acids and the basic compounds, is dispersed in an aqueous vehicle. A method of producing the same which is characterized by comprising liquid-phase acidifying carbon black, removing reduced salts from the slurry, neutralizing with basic amino acids and basic compounds other than the basic amino acids, substituting hydrogen groups in the acidic groups by the basic amino acids and the basic compounds and purifying.
A non-aqueous secondary battery having a sufficiently small charge/discharge irreversible capacity at an initial cycle time even if an active substance layer having a cathode active substance material on a collector is made higher in density to achieve a higher capacity. A non-aqueous secondary battery-use graphite composite particle characterized by fulfilling requirements (1) and (2); (1) DL/DS is larger than 1 and up to 2 when a volume-based median size as measured with a laser diffraction/scatted particle size distribution measuring device is DL μm, and an average circle-equivalent particle size obtained from the measured area S of particles of which the outlines do not overlap the outlines of the other particles is DS with an SEM, (2) a Raman R value, which is an intensity ratio IB/IA between a maximum peak intensity IA in the vicinity of 1580 cm-1 at Raman spectrum and a maximum peak intensity IB in the vicinity of 1360 cm-1, is at least 0.04 and up to 0.14.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 4/62 - Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
61.
AQUEOUS DISPERSION OF CARBON BLACK AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
This invention provides an aqueous dispersion of carbon black, which has excellent dispersibility in an aqueous medium and is suitable as aqueous black inks including inks for ink jet printers, and a process for producing the same. The aqueous dispersion of carbon black is characterized in that it comprises a carbon black pigment dispersed in an aqueous medium, and acidic groups produced by liquid phase oxidation treatment have been neutralized with a basic amino acid and a part or the whole of hydrogen in the acidic groups have been substituted by a basic amino acid base. The process for producing the aqueous dispersion of carbon black is characterized by comprising subjecting carbon black to liquid phase oxidation treatment, then removing a reducing salt contained in a slurry, then neutralizing the slurry with a basic amino acid to substitute a part or the whole of hydrogen in the acidic group by a basic amino acid base and thus to produce a basic amino acid salt compound, and then conducting purification.
A process for producing an aqueous dispersion of carbon black that excels in water dispersibility and ink performance, being suitable for use in water-based black inks, such as those for inkjet printers. There is provided a first process for producing an aqueous dispersion of carbon black, characterized by sequentially conducting treating of carbon black with a surface chemical modifier in an aqueous medium, neutralizing of acid groups lying on the surface of the carbon black resulting from the chemical modification, atomizing of the carbon black and purification processing. Further, there is provided a second process, characterized by sequentially conducting treating of carbon black with a surface chemical modifier in an aqueous medium, neutralizing of acid groups lying on the surface of the carbon black resulting from the chemical modification, purification processing and atomizing of the carbon black.
This invention provides a water dispersion of carbon black, which has excellent dispersibility and ink properties and is suitable as a water-based black ink for ink jet printers and the like, and a process for producing the same. The water dispersion of carbon black is characterized in that a slurry comprising carbon black, a surface chemical modifier, and an aqueous medium is ejected though nozzles under pressure to allow ejected flows to collide against one another or against wall surface and the maximum particle diameter of carbon black particle aggregates is not more than 1 騜m. The production process is characterized by comprising mixing carbon black and a surface chemical modifier into an aqueous medium to prepare a slurry, pressurizing the slurry, ejecting the slurry through nozzles, allowing ejected flows to collide against one another or against wall surface to disintegrate the carbon black particle aggregate and, at the same time, to chemically modify the carbon black, thereby finely dispersing the carbon black in the aqueous medium. The disintegration and fine dispersion are carried out so that the maximum diameter of the carbon black particle aggregate is not more than 1 騜m.
This invention provides a separator material suitable as a solid polymer fuel cell, which has good gas impermeability, strength properties, and dimensional stability during long-term use and causes no significant elution of organic matter which inhibits a cell reaction and the like, and a process for producing the same. The separator material is characterized by comprising a graphite/resin cured molded product in which a graphite powder is bound by a mixed resin prepared by mixing an epoxy resin and a phenol resin that have regulated epoxy group equivalent and hyroxyl equivalent together at an equivalent ratio in a specific range, and adding an amino group-free imidazole compound as a curing accelerator, and which has been immersed in hot water of 90ºC for 500 hr to bring the elongation upon water absorption, the amount of ammonium ion after immersion for 50 hr, and the amount eluted TOC to specific values or less. The separator material is produced by premolding a molding powder, prepared by grinding a kneaded product of a mixed resin and a graphite powder to prepare a preform, then inserting a preform into a mold, and conducting thermocompression molding.
A negative electrode material for nonaqueous secondary cells capable of realizing a nonaqueous secondary cell having a small charging/discharging irreversible capacity at the initial cycle and excellent in quick charging/discharging characteristic and cycle characteristic, and free of electrodeposition. The main component of the material is graphite particles. The median diameter of the graphite particles in the volume-basis particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution measuring method is 5 to 40 騜m. The tap density of the negative electrode material is 0.7 g/cm3 or more. The specific surface measured by the BET method is 0.2 to 8 m2/g. The skewness (Rsk) prescribed by JIS B 0601 of the surface roughness curve of when the surface of the electrode plate fabricated from the negative electrode material by a predetermined electrode plate fabricating method is measured with a laser shape measurement microscope is -1.7 to 0.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
66.
NEGATIVE ELECTRODE MATERIAL FOR NONAQUEOUS SECONDARY CELLS, NEGATIVE ELECTRODE FOR NONAQUEOUS SECONDARY CELLS, AND NONAQUEOUS SECONDARY CELL
A negative electrode material for nonaqueous secondary cells capable of realizing a nonaqueous secondary cell having a small charging/discharging irreversible capacity at the initial cycle and excellent in quick charging/discharging characteristic and cycle characteristic. The main component of the material is graphite particles. The median diameter in the volume-basis particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution measuring method is 5 to 40 騜m. The tap density is 0.7 g/cm3 or more. The specific area measured by the BET method is 0.2 to 8 m2/g. The average circularity is 0.83 to 1.00. When an electrode plate fabricated by a predetermined electrode plate fabrication method is subjected to X-ray diffraction, the graphite crystal orientation ratio I110/I004 on the electrode plate is 0.08 or more where I110 is the wide-angle X-ray diffraction peak area of the (110)-face peak in the range 2&thetas;=76.5° to 78.5° of the graphite particles on the electrode plate and I004 is the wide-angle X-ray diffraction peak area of the (004)-face peak in the range 2&thetas;=53.5° to 56°.
H01M 4/58 - Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
H01M 10/36 - Accumulators not provided for in groups
67.
CARBON BLACK COLORANT FOR SEMICONDUCTOR SEALING MATERIAL AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
This invention provides a carbon black colorant, which is highly dispersible in a resin component, has a high volume resistivity value, and is suitable as a black colorant, for a semiconductor sealing material, capable of forming a semiconductor sealing material having excellent light shielding properties, and a process for producing the same. The carbon black colorant is characterized in that the terminal hydrogen in a carboxyl group on the surface of carbon black particles produced by wet oxidation treatment with sodium persulfate or ammonium persulfate has been replaced with ammonia and the pH value is 3.0 to 8.0. The production process of the carbon black colorant is characterized by comprising placing carbon black in an aqueous sodium persulfate solution or an aqueous ammonium persulfate solution to conduct wet oxidation treatment, then removing the reducing salt by desalting, then adding an aqueous ammonium solution to adjust pH to 4.0 to 12.0 and allowing a reaction to proceed, and further removing foreign matter contained in the slurry for purification, and then conducting drying and grinding. Preferably, carbon black is previously subjected to dry oxidation before the wet oxidation treatment of carbon black, and, in the wet oxidation treatment, a surfactant is added.
patents
