A three-phase power supply circuit comprises three LLC resonant voltage converters and a transformer assembly comprising three primary coil assemblies and three secondary coil assemblies. Each primary coil assembly comprises a first primary winding having a first node electrically coupled with a respective first voltage output of the pair of voltage inputs of a respective LLC resonant voltage converter of the three LLC resonant voltage converters and a second node. Each primary coil assembly also comprises a second primary winding comprising a first node and a second node electrically coupled with a respective second voltage output of the pair of voltage inputs of the respective LLC resonant voltage converter. The second nodes of the first primary windings are electrically coupled together, and the first nodes of the second primary windings are electrically coupled together.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
A power supply comprises a transformer having a primary winding, a first switch coupled to the primary winding and to a voltage input, an active clamp circuit coupled in parallel with the primary winding, and a clamp switch control coupled to the active clamp circuit. The power supply further comprises a bootstrap circuit coupled to the clamp switch control and having a bootstrap voltage storage device coupled to the clamp switch control. A charging circuit has a resistor network configured to generate a charge voltage in response to an input voltage supplied by the primary winding. A charge voltage storage device is configured to store at least a portion of the charge voltage during the first portion of the switching cycle and to supply the at least a portion of the charge voltage to the bootstrap voltage storage device during a second portion of the switching cycle.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A low loss snubber circuit for protecting an electronic device within a power converter is provided. The low loss snubber circuit includes a bidirectional transient voltage suppression (TVS) diode having first and second nodes, wherein the first node of the bidirectional TVS diode is coupled to a first node of the electronic device, and a snubber capacitor having first and second nodes, wherein the first node is coupled to the second node of the bidirectional TVS diode and the second node is coupled to a second node of the electronic device. The low loss snubber circuit further includes a snubber diode having an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode is coupled to the second node of the bidirectional TVS diode and the cathode is coupled to a node of the power converter.
H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A voltage transformer comprises a multi-limb transformer core having a central limb, a first outer limb, and a second outer limb. The voltage transformer also comprises a first primary winding wound about the central limb, a second primary winding wound about the central limb, a first secondary winding wound about the central limb, and a second secondary winding wound about the central limb. A first balance winding is wound about the first outer limb and coupled in series with the first primary winding, and a second balance winding is wound about the second outer limb and coupled in series with the second primary winding. The first and second balance windings are coupleable together via mutual inductance in response to first and second currents flowing therethrough.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H01F 27/30 - Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
6.
Power supply unit with autonomous input power limiting
A power supply receives AC power and generates a DC output voltage. The power supply may be divided into a primary section that converts AC power to a relatively high DC voltage. A secondary section converts this relatively high DC voltage into a well-regulated lower DC voltage. In an embodiment, the current and/or power supplied by the primary to the secondary side is used by the secondary side in a closed-loop feedback system to limit the current drawn by the secondary side to a configurable value.
A method of regulating an output voltage of a switched mode power supply having a variable input voltage and at least one power switch is provided. The method includes generating a control signal for the at least one power switch of the switched mode power supply based at least in part on a control voltage, the control signal having a duty cycle. The method also includes generating a reference voltage based at least in part on the duty cycle of the control signal and a maximum duty cycle, and generating the control voltage based at least in part on the reference voltage and the output voltage.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
8.
Inrush current limiting and surge protection circuit and system
A power device is provided. The power device includes a current limiting resistor in series with a load, the current limiting resistor configured to provide a first current path to the load. The power device also includes an inrush current control device configured to provide a second current path to the load, the second current path configured to bypass the first current path in response to the inrush current control device being activated. The power device also includes a bypass device configured to provide a third current path to the load, the third current path configured to provide a low-resistance current path to the load during a power surge.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
9.
Three-phase LLC power supply circuit for high voltage bus input
A three-phase power supply circuit is provided. The power supply circuit includes three LLC resonant voltage convertors, three step-down transformers, and a bridge rectifier. Each step-down transformer includes a primary and secondary coil, and each primary and secondary coil has a first node and a second node. Each step-down transformer is electrically coupled with one of the three LLC resonant voltage convertors by the first and second nodes of the primary coils. The bridge rectifier is electrically coupled with the first node of the secondary coil of each of the three step-down transformers. The second nodes of the secondary coils of each of the three step-down transformers are electrically coupled together.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H03K 19/20 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits
10.
Isolated switchmode power supplies having quasi-planar transformers
An isolated switch-mode power supply includes at least one input, at least one output, and a power circuit coupled between the at least one input and the at least one output for converting an input voltage or current to an output voltage or current. The power circuit includes a transformer having one or more primary windings, one or more secondary windings, an electrical insulator, and a core magnetically coupling the one or more primary windings and the one or more secondary windings. Upper portions of the primary and secondary windings are covered with the electrical insulator. Other example switchmode power supplies, transformers, magnetic chokes and methods are also disclosed.
H01F 27/32 - Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
H01F 27/34 - Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
A multi-phase interleaved PFC converter includes at least six switches coupled in a multi-phase interleaved circuit arrangement, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to turn on and turn off a first one of the switches according to a PWM signal to operate the first switch as an active switch having an off-time as a function of a duty cycle of the PWM signal, while turning on and turning off a second one of the switches as a synchronous switch. The control circuit is also configured to receive signal(s) indicative of currents in each phase of the interleaved circuit arrangement, set an on-time of the second switch equal to the off-time of the first switch when the signal(s) indicate continuous mode operation, and set the on-time of the second switch to a duration less than the off-time of the first switch when the signal(s) indicate discontinuous mode operation.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
A multi-phase switched-mode power supply includes first and second interleaved phase circuits coupled between input and output terminals. The first phase circuit includes a first inductor coupled with a first switch, and the second phase circuit includes a second inductor coupled with a second switch. A control circuit is configured to output first and second PWM signals to the first and second switches. An on time of the second PWM signal is equal to an on time of the first PWM signal plus a fixed offset time period. The control circuit is configured to determine a period between rising edges of the first PWM signal in order to determine an off trigger PWM signal, and change the second PWM signal to a logical low value when a falling edge of the off trigger PWM signal occurs while the second PWM signal has a logical high value.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
A63B 71/06 - Indicating or scoring devices for games or players
G16H 20/30 - ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
G06F 3/01 - Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
A63B 24/00 - Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of groups
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
13.
Power measurements in switched mode power supplies
A switched mode power supply (SMPS) includes a filter (202), a power factor correction (PFC) circuit (204), and a control circuit (206, 406) configured to determine various electrical parameters of the SMPS. In some embodiments, the control circuit (206, 406) is configured to determine a power line frequency and an AC input voltage based on an AC line voltage and an AC neural voltage. In other embodiments, the control circuit (206, 406) is configured to determine an AC input current based on a reactive current flowing through the filter (202) and a PFC AC current. In further embodiments, the control circuit (206, 406) is configured to report a value of an electrical parameter if value is determined to be accurate. Other example switch mode power supplies, control circuits and methods are also disclosed.
The technology described herein is directed to a DC input power supply unit with an auxiliary boost control circuit (or controller) that facilitates continuous supply of power to a standby output load of the power supply unit in a bootloader mode. More specifically, the auxiliary boost circuit (or controller) is configured to assume control of a primary power boost stage from a primary controller in a bootloader mode so that the power supply unit can continue to supply power to the standby output with a protection function regardless of the state of the power supply unit or primary controller.
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
G06F 1/28 - Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
15.
Priority load sharing for electrical power systems having multiple power sources
Example electrical power systems include an output for supplying a DC output voltage to a load, a first power source connected with the output to supply DC power to the load, and a second power source connected with the output to supply DC power to the load. The electrical power system is configured to supply DC power to the load using only the first power source when a demand of the load is less than an output capacity of the first power source, and the second power source is configured to maintain an enabled on-state when only the first power source is supplying DC power to the load. Additional electrical power systems and methods are also disclosed.
A system for automatically addressing serially connected slave devices includes a master device and multiple slave devices each including a serial communication transceiver, an address input port, an address output port, and a controller. The system also includes a serial communication wiring bus connected between the serial communication transceivers of the master and slave devices, and at least one digital address line connected between the address input ports and the address output ports. Each controller is configured to receive a PWM or PFM signal from a previous one of the multiple slave devices, determine an address for the slave device including the controller according to the received PWM or PFM signal, and transmit a PWM or PFM signal indicative of the determined address to a subsequent one of the multiple slave devices.
A power system includes first and second power supplies, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to control the first power supply to regulate its output voltage at a first value, enable the second power supply, increase the output voltage of the first power supply to a second value in response to the second power supply being enabled, increase an output voltage of the second power supply to a third value, and decrease an output current of the first power supply and increase an output current of the second power supply to transition between electrically powering the load with the first power supply and electrically powering the load with the second power supply. Other example power system and methods for controlling a power transition between power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
G05F 1/575 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
18.
Power supply unit with autonomous input power limiting
A power supply receives AC power and generates a DC output voltage. The power supply may be divided into a primary section that converts AC power to a relatively high DC voltage. A secondary section converts this relatively high DC voltage into a well-regulated lower DC voltage. In an embodiment, the current and/or power supplied by the primary to the secondary side is used by the secondary side in a closed-loop feedback system to limit the current drawn by the secondary side to a configurable value.
A multiphase interleaved forward power converter includes an inductor and first and second subconverter comprising respective transformers. The converter also includes first and second drives configured to respectively operate the first and second subconverters with cycling periods comprising a conduction period, a reset period, and an idle period. The first and second drives are also configured to phase shift the cycling periods in each subconverter such that the conduction period of the subconverter is at least partially complementary to the idle period of the other subconverter. The second drive also clamps a voltage across a winding of the transformer of the first subconverter to substantially prevent a first resonance voltage from propagating in the first subconverter during the idle period of the first subconverter.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
20.
Switch-mode power supplies including three-level LLC circuits
A switch-mode power supply includes a pair of input terminals for receiving an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) voltage input from an input power source, a pair of output terminals for supplying a direct current (DC) voltage output to a load, and a three-level LLC circuit coupled between the pair of input terminals and the pair of output terminals. The circuit includes a first switch coupled with a first diode to define a first half-bridge and a second switch coupled with a second diode to define a second half-bridge. The power supply further includes a third switch coupled across the first diode and the second diode to short circuit the first diode and the second diode when the third switch is closed, and a control circuit including a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), at least one flip-flop and multiple logic gates to operate the three switches with zero-voltage switching (ZVS).
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 7/162 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
A buck-boost converter circuit, such as a non-inverting buck-boost converter, can include two separate control loop circuits to separately control operation of the buck circuit and the boost circuit. The control loop circuits may include two different voltage reference signals, two different current reference signals, two different current feedback signals, two different voltage feedback signals, or a combination thereof. The buck-boost converter circuit can operate in three modes: a buck mode, a transition mode, and a boost mode.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
22.
Redundant DC input power supplies having back-feed protection
An electric power supply comprises first and second input circuits for receiving first and second input DC voltages and a control circuit coupled to the first and second input circuits. The control circuit is configured to sense the first input DC voltage and the second input DC voltage and to enable the first input circuit and disable the second input circuit in response to the first input circuit having the highest input DC voltage to substantially prevent current from back feeding to the first input circuit from the second input circuit. The control circuit is also configured to enable the second input circuit and disable the first input circuit in response to the second input circuit having the highest input DC voltage to substantially prevent current from back feeding to the second input circuit from the first input circuit.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02M 3/145 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
power supply module comprises a voltage converter coupled to first and second inputs. The voltage converter comprises a boosting circuit configured to boost an input voltage and comprises an input voltage selector (IVS) selectively connect and disconnect the first and second inputs to the boosting circuit. A first sensing circuit is coupled to the first input and comprises a pair of inputs coupled to the first input, a rectifier assembly, a resistor bank coupled between the pair of inputs and the rectifier assembly, a sense resistor coupled to the rectifier assembly, and a voltage sensor coupled to the sense resistor. A DC converter is configured to generate and supply an auxiliary voltage to the first sensing circuit. The resistor bank filters an electromagnetic interference (EMI) signal transmitted from the DC converter to a value below a threshold value.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02M 3/155 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
A three-phase power supply circuit is provided. The power supply circuit includes three LLC resonant voltage convertors, three step-down transformers, and a bridge rectifier. Each step-down transformer includes a primary and secondary coil, and each primary and secondary coil has a first node and a second node. Each step-down transformer is electrically coupled with one of the three LLC resonant voltage convertors by the first and second nodes of the primary coils. The bridge rectifier is electrically coupled with the first node of the secondary coil of each of the three step-down transformers. The second nodes of the secondary coils of each of the three step-down transformers are electrically coupled together.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H03K 19/20 - Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits characterised by logic function, e.g. AND, OR, NOR, NOT circuits
An electronic module, such as a power module, may include a latch having two or more protrusions where a first protrusion can fix the electronic module into a shelf and the second protrusion can be a curved protrusion that activates the latch when an adjacent electronic module is inserted into or removed from the shelf. In some embodiments, a third protrusion may be included, where the first protrusion and the third protrusion both fix the electronic module to the shelf and are activated by the latch. Also, a shelf may include a partition between two electronic module receptacles that has a width that is less than a protrusion extending from a side wall of one of the electronic modules.
A power supply includes a power converter, a protection circuit, and a control circuit. The protection circuit includes an input for receiving an input voltage, an output for providing an output voltage to the power converter, a first switching device coupled in a current path between the input and the output, and a second switching device coupled across the first switching device. The control circuit is configured to sense the input voltage and the output voltage, in response to the output voltage exceeding a first defined threshold, turn off the first switching device and turn on the second switching device to supply power to the power converter, and in response to the input voltage exceeding a second defined threshold, turn off the second switching device to disconnect the power source from the power converter. Other example power supplies and protection circuits are also disclosed.
H02H 9/00 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02H 7/125 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from norm for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
H02H 9/02 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
27.
Controlling reverse current in switched mode power supplies to achieve zero voltage switching
A switched mode power supply includes a multilevel buck power converter and a control circuit. The power converter includes a first buck circuit and a second buck circuit each having a power switch, a rectifier, and an inductor. The power supply may further include a resonant power converter coupled to the multilevel buck power converter. In some examples, the control circuit is configured to generate control signals for the first buck circuit's power switch and the second buck circuit's power switch to control the power converter, and adjust a switching frequency of the control signals to control the amount of reverse current flowing in the first buck circuit and the second buck circuit to achieve zero voltage switching of the first buck circuit's power switch and the second buck circuit's power switch. Other example multilevel buck power converters and power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
28.
Regulated switched mode power supplies having adjustable output voltages
A switched mode power supply includes a power circuit and a control circuit coupled to the power circuit for regulating its output voltage. The control circuit is configured to generate a control signal for at least one power switch of the power circuit using a reference voltage, determine if a duty cycle of the control signal is within a defined range, sense one or more output parameters of the power circuit including the output voltage of the power circuit, and in response to determining the duty cycle of the control signal is outside the defined range, adjust the reference voltage to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal. The reference voltage is adjustable over time to thereby linearly adjust the output voltage of the power circuit. Other example switched mode power supplies, control circuits, and methods for regulating output voltages of switched mode power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
29.
Inrush current limiting and surge protection circuit and system
A power conversion device is provided. The power conversion device includes a bulk capacitor, a current limiting resistor in series with the bulk capacitor, and an inrush current control device configured to bypass the current limiting resistor when activated. The power conversion device also includes a bypass device in parallel with the current limiting resistor, configured to provide a low-resistance path to the bulk capacitor during a power surge.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
30.
Power supply unit with auxiliary boost control in bootloader mode
The technology described herein is directed to a DC input power supply unit with an auxiliary boost control circuit (or controller) that facilitates continuous supply of power to a standby output load of the power supply unit in a bootloader mode. More specifically, the auxiliary boost circuit (or controller) is configured to assume control of a primary power boost stage from a primary controller in a bootloader mode so that the power supply unit can continue to supply power to the standby output with a protection function regardless of the state of the power supply unit or primary controller.
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
G06F 1/28 - Supervision thereof, e.g. detecting power-supply failure by out of limits supervision
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
A three-phase magnetics assembly comprising a plurality of windings, and a unified core body is provided. The core body includes core legs which extend along central axes of the plurality of windings and around which the plurality of windings are wound such that magnetic fluxes are produced in the plurality of core legs when current flows through the plurality of windings. The plurality of windings comprise first, second, and third phase inductors, and first, second, and third phase transformers, which are positioned about the unified core body such that the core legs of the first phase inductor and second phase transformer share a central axis, the core legs of the second phase inductor and third phase transformer share a central axis, and the core legs of the third phase inductor and first phase transformer share a central axis.
H01F 27/30 - Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
H01F 30/12 - Two-phase, three-phase or polyphase transformers
H01F 27/26 - Fastening parts of the core together; Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
32.
Switch-mode power supplies with improved analog-to-digital current calibration
A switch-mode power supply includes a pair of input terminals, a pair of output terminals, and at least one switch coupled between the input terminals and the output terminals. The power supply further includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting a sensed analog current value at the output terminals to an output digital value, an interface for receiving a user configurable current setting, and a control circuit coupled with the interface, the ADC and the at least one switch. The control circuit is configured to determine a raw digital value of the ADC that corresponds to the received current setting by processing an iterative loop, and turn on and turn off the at least one switch according to the determined raw digital value and the output digital value of the ADC, to supply an output current at the pair of output terminals that corresponds to the received current setting.
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
33.
Systems and methods for monitoring serial communication between devices
A system for monitoring inter-integrated circuit (12C) communication includes a power supply, a battery backup unit, an 12C serial clock line (SCL) coupled between the power supply and the battery backup unit, an 12C serial data line (SDA) coupled between the power supply and the battery backup unit, and a controller. A first monitor line is coupled between the controller and the 12C serial clock line, and a second monitor line is coupled between the controller and the 12C serial data line. The controller is configured to monitor a digital communication transmitted on the 12C serial clock and data lines between the power supply and the battery backup unit, interpret a message included in the monitored digital communication, and perform a control function according to the interpreted message.
An interleaved power converter includes a control circuit and multiple phase-shifted subconverters each having at least one power switch. The control circuit is coupled to the subconverters for controlling the power switches to balance currents in the subconverters over multiple periods. The control circuit includes a current compensator configured to determine a first duty cycle multiple times over the multiple periods, generate a PWM control signal having a present value of the first duty cycle for controlling the power switch of one of the subconverters during a period, determine a second duty cycle based on the present value of the first duty cycle and a previous value of the first duty cycle, and generate another PWM control signal having the second duty cycle for controlling the power switch of another one of the subconverters during the period. Other example power converters and control circuits are also disclosed.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/088 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 3/157 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
A multi-phase switched-mode power supply includes first and second interleaved phase circuits coupled between input and output terminals. The first phase circuit includes a first inductor coupled with a first switch, and the second phase circuit includes a second inductor coupled with a second switch. A control circuit is configured to output first and second PWM signals to the first and second switches. An on time of the second PWM signal is equal to an on time of the first PWM signal plus a fixed offset time period. The control circuit is configured to determine a period between rising edges of the first PWM signal in order to determine an off trigger PWM signal, and change the second PWM signal to a logical low value when a falling edge of the off trigger PWM signal occurs while the second PWM signal has a logical high value.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
36.
Switch-mode AC-DC power converter for reducing common mode noise
A switch-mode AC-DC power converter includes a pair of input terminals, a pair of output terminals, and four switches coupled in a bridgeless totem-pole circuit arrangement between the pair of input terminals and the pair of output terminals. A control circuit is coupled to the four switches and configured to, during a cycle of an AC voltage input, turn on the first switch, turn off the second switch, and apply pulse-width modulation (PWM) control signals to the third and fourth switches. The control circuit is also configured to, during a zero crossing of the AC voltage input, supply a PWM control signal to the fourth switch to reduce a rate of voltage change across the second switch at the zero crossing to reduce common mode noise of the power converter.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
37.
Systems, devices and methods for automatically addressing serially connected slave devices
A system for automatically addressing serially connected slave devices includes a master device and multiple slave devices each including a serial communication transceiver, an address input port, an address output port, and a controller. The system also includes a serial communication wiring bus connected between the serial communication transceivers of the master and slave devices, and at least one digital address line connected between the address input ports and the address output ports. Each controller is configured to receive a PWM or PFM signal from a previous one of the multiple slave devices, determine an address for the slave device including the controller according to the received PWM or PFM signal, and transmit a PWM or PFM signal indicative of the determined address to a subsequent one of the multiple slave devices.
A switching power converter includes a power circuit including at least two power switching devices and a control circuit coupled to the power circuit for controlling the power switching devices. The control circuit is configured to sense an output voltage of the power circuit, generate at least two ramp signals based on complementary clock signals, and generate a control signal for controlling one of the power switching devices based on one of the ramp signals and the output voltage of the power circuit, and another control signal for controlling another one of the power switching devices based on another one of the ramp signals and the output voltage of the power circuit. In some examples, the control circuit may include comparators for generating the control signals. Other example power converters and control circuits are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 3/157 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
39.
LOW COMMON MODE NOISE TRANSFORMERS AND SWITCH-MODE DC-DC POWER CONVERTERS
A switch-mode DC-DC power converter includes one or more input terminals and output terminals, and a transformer coupled between the input and output terminals. The transformer includes a plurality of winding sets. Each winding set includes a primary winding and a secondary winding magnetically coupled with one another. The primary winding and the secondary winding include the same number of turns. The primary windings of the plurality of winding sets are connected in series and the secondary windings of the plurality of winding sets are connected in parallel. The power converter also includes at least one spacer positioned to separate an adjacent pair of the plurality of winding sets. A magnetic coupling between the adjacent pair of the plurality of winding sets is less than the magnetic coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding within each winding set.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
A switched mode power supply includes a multilevel buck power converter and a control circuit. The power converter includes a first buck circuit and a second buck circuit each having a power switch, a rectifier, and an inductor. The power supply may further include a resonant power converter coupled to the multilevel buck power converter. In some examples, the control circuit is configured to generate control signals for the first buck circuit's power switch and the second buck circuit's power switch to control the power converter, and adjust a switching frequency of the control signals to control the amount of reverse current flowing in the first buck circuit and the second buck circuit to achieve zero voltage switching of the first buck circuit's power switch and the second buck circuit's power switch. Other example multilevel buck power converters and power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
41.
Power measurements in switched mode power supplies
A switched mode power supply (SMPS) includes a filter, a power factor correction (PFC) circuit, and a control circuit configured to determine various electrical parameters of the SMPS. In some embodiments, the control circuit is configured to determine a power line frequency and an AC input voltage based on an AC line voltage and an AC neural voltage. In other embodiments, the control circuit is configured to determine an AC input current based on a reactive current flowing through the filter and a PFC AC current. In further embodiments, the control circuit is configured to report a value of an electrical parameter if value is determined to be accurate. Other example switch mode power supplies, control circuits and methods are also disclosed.
A system for monitoring inter-integrated circuit (I2C) communication includes a power supply, a battery backup unit, an I2C serial clock line (SCL) coupled between the power supply and the battery backup unit, an I2C serial data line (SDA) coupled between the power supply and the battery backup unit, and a controller. A first monitor line is coupled between the controller and the I2C serial clock line, and a second monitor line is coupled between the controller and the I2C serial data line. The controller is configured to monitor a digital communication transmitted on the I2C serial clock and data lines between the power supply and the battery backup unit, interpret a message included in the monitored digital communication, and perform a control function according to the interpreted message.
An automated testing system for power supply units includes a frame, automated test equipment supported by the frame, a test jig supported by the frame and coupled with the automated test equipment, and a robotic arm coupled to the frame. The robotic arm is configured to move a power supply unit onto the test jig to interface with the automated test equipment. The automated test equipment is configured to perform one or more tests on the power supply unit when the power supply unit is interfaced with the automated test equipment, and the robotic arm is configured to move the power supply unit off of the test jig after the one or more tests are completed. Methods of performing automated testing for power supply units are also disclosed.
A circuit board assembly for electronic devices includes a circuit board having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, and a heat sink carrier disposed on the first surface of the circuit board. The heat sink carrier includes at least one clamp portion. The assembly also includes a heat sink. The heat sink is positioned in the at least one clamp portion of the heat sink carrier to transfer heat from one or more electronic devices to the heat sink via the heat sink carrier.
H04B 7/08 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
H04B 7/06 - Diversity systems; Multi-antenna systems, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
H05K 7/20 - Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
A power transformer includes at least two first windings, at least two second windings interleaved with the at least two first windings, and a magnetic core. The at least two first windings and the at least two second windings are positioned adjacent the magnetic core. Each first winding includes a wire and a plurality of turns. One or more windings of the at least two first windings include a bonding material and at least two adjacent turns of said plurality of turns adhered to each other via the bonding material. Other example power transformers, methods of manufacturing power transformers, and methods of manufacturing windings are also disclosed.
An interleaved power converter includes a control circuit and multiple phase-shifted subconverters each having at least one power switch. The control circuit is coupled to the subconverters for controlling the power switches to balance currents in the subconverters over multiple periods. The control circuit includes a current compensator configured to determine a first duty cycle multiple times over the multiple periods, generate a PWM control signal having a present value of the first duty cycle for controlling the power switch of one of the subconverters during a period, determine a second duty cycle based on the present value of the first duty cycle and a previous value of the first duty cycle, and generate another PWM control signal having the second duty cycle for controlling the power switch of another one of the subconverters during the period. Other example power converters and control circuits are also disclosed.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 7/493 - Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
H02M 1/088 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
H02M 3/157 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
An equipment shelf includes at least one power supply unit (PSU) positioned in an upper region of the equipment shelf. The equipment shelf also includes at least one battery backup unit (BBU) positioned in a lower region of the equipment shelf. An airflow path extends through the equipment shelf between the upper region and the lower region. The airflow path separates the upper region of the equipment shelf from the lower region of the equipment shelf and thermally isolates the at least one PSU in the upper region from the at least one BBU in the lower region when air flows through the airflow path. Other example equipment shelves are also disclosed.
power supply module comprises a voltage converter coupled to first and second inputs. The voltage converter comprises a boosting circuit configured to boost an input voltage and comprises an input voltage selector (IVS) selectively connect and disconnect the first and second inputs to the boosting circuit. A first sensing circuit is coupled to the first input and comprises a pair of inputs coupled to the first input, a rectifier assembly, a resistor bank coupled between the pair of inputs and the rectifier assembly, a sense resistor coupled to the rectifier assembly, and a voltage sensor coupled to the sense resistor. A DC converter is configured to generate and supply an auxiliary voltage to the first sensing circuit. The resistor bank filters an electromagnetic interference (EMI) signal transmitted from the DC converter to a value below a threshold value.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02M 3/155 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/44 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
A switch-mode power supply includes a pair of input terminals for receiving an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) voltage input from an input power source, a pair of output terminals for supplying a direct current (DC) voltage output to a load, and at least four switches coupled in a three-level LLC circuit arrangement between the pair of input terminals and the pair of output terminals. The power supply also includes a voltage doubler power factor correction (PFC) circuit coupled between the pair of input terminals and the three-level LLC circuit, and a control circuit coupled to operate the at least four switches to supply the DC voltage output to the load.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 3/338 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
H02M 1/10 - Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
H02M 3/07 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 7/523 - Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with LC-resonance circuit in the main circuit
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
50.
AC/DC power converters including current transformers for bidirectional current sensing
An AC/DC power converter includes input terminals, output terminals, a power factor correction circuit coupled between the input and output terminals and including at least one power switch defining a switched current path, and a current transformer including a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is coupled in series with the switched current path. The power converter also includes a first sense switch coupled with a first end of the secondary winding, a second sense switch coupled with a second end of the secondary winding, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to turn on the first sense switch and turn off the second sense switch during a positive polarity of the AC voltage input, and to turn off the first sense switch and turn on the second sense switch during a negative polarity of the AC voltage input.
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
A transformer for a multiphase power converter includes a magnetic structure, a first coil configured to electrically couple to an input circuit or an output circuit of a subconverter of the multiphase power converter, and a second coil configured to electrically couple to an input circuit or an output circuit of another subconverter of the multiphase power converter. The magnetic structure includes a top member, a bottom member, and legs extending between the top member and the bottom member in substantially the same direction. The legs include two outer members and two inner members. The first coil is wound about one of the two inner members of the magnetic structure, and the second coil is wound about the other one of the two inner members of the magnetic structure. Other example transformers, and multiphase power converters including transformers are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H01F 27/30 - Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
52.
Isolated switchmode power supplies having quasi-planar transformers
An isolated switch-mode power supply includes at least one input, at least one output, and a power circuit coupled between the at least one input and the at least one output for converting an input voltage or current to an output voltage or current. The power circuit includes a transformer having one or more primary windings, one or more secondary windings, an electrical insulator, and a core magnetically coupling the one or more primary windings and the one or more secondary windings. Upper portions of the primary and secondary windings are covered with the electrical insulator. Other example switchmode power supplies, transformers, magnetic chokes and methods are also disclosed.
H01F 27/32 - Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
H01F 27/34 - Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
A switch-mode power supply includes a pair of input terminals for receiving an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) voltage input from an input power source, a pair of output terminals for supplying a direct current (DC) voltage output to a load, and a three-level LLC circuit coupled between the pair of input terminals and the pair of output terminals. The circuit includes a first switch coupled with a first diode to define a first half-bridge and a second switch coupled with a second diode to define a second half-bridge. The power supply further includes a third switch coupled across the first diode and the second diode to short circuit the first diode and the second diode when the third switch is closed, and a control circuit including a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), at least one flip-flop and multiple logic gates to operate the three switches with zero-voltage switching (ZVS).
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
H02M 7/162 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
54.
Switch-mode power supplies including three-level LLC circuits
A switch-mode power supply includes a pair of input terminals, a pair of output terminals, and at least four switches coupled in a three-level LLC circuit arrangement between the pair of input terminals and the pair of output terminals. First and second ones of the at least four switches define a first half-bridge and third and fourth ones of the at least four switches define a second half-bridge. The power supply also includes a fifth switch coupled across the second switch and the third switch to short circuit the second switch and the third switch when the fifth switch is closed, and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and multiple logic gates and flip-flops coupled to operate the at least four switches with zero-voltage switching (ZVS).
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 3/338 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
H02M 1/10 - Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
55.
Switch-mode power supplies including three-level LLC circuits for low line and high line operation
A switch-mode power supply includes a pair of input terminals for receiving an alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) voltage input from an input power source, a pair of output terminals for supplying a direct current (DC) voltage output to a load, and at least four switches coupled in a three-level LLC circuit arrangement between the pair of input terminals and the pair of output terminals. The power supply also includes a voltage doubler power factor correction (PFC) circuit coupled between the pair of input terminals and the three-level LLC circuit, and a control circuit coupled to operate the at least four switches to supply the DC voltage output to the load.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 3/07 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/10 - Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
H02M 3/338 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
H02M 7/523 - Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with LC-resonance circuit in the main circuit
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 7/48 - Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
H02M 7/483 - Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltage levels
56.
Switch-mode power supplies with improved analog-to-digital current calibration
A switch-mode power supply includes a pair of input terminals, a pair of output terminals, and at least one switch coupled between the input terminals and the output terminals. The power supply further includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting a sensed analog current value at the output terminals to an output digital value, an interface for receiving a user configurable current setting, and a control circuit coupled with the interface, the ADC and the at least one switch. The control circuit is configured to determine a raw digital value of the ADC that corresponds to the received current setting by processing an iterative loop, and turn on and turn off the at least one switch according to the determined raw digital value and the output digital value of the ADC, to supply an output current at the pair of output terminals that corresponds to the received current setting.
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
57.
AC/DC power converters including current transformers for bidirectional current sensing
An AC/DC power converter includes input terminals, output terminals, a power factor correction circuit coupled between the input and output terminals and including at least one power switch defining a switched current path, and a current transformer including a primary winding and a secondary winding. The primary winding is coupled in series with the switched current path. The power converter also includes a first sense switch coupled with a first end of the secondary winding, a second sense switch coupled with a second end of the secondary winding, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to turn on the first sense switch and turn off the second sense switch during a positive polarity of the AC voltage input, and to turn off the first sense switch and turn on the second sense switch during a negative polarity of the AC voltage input.
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
58.
Multi-phase interleaved power converters with improved current balancing
A multi-phase interleaved PFC converter includes at least six switches coupled in a multi-phase interleaved circuit arrangement, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to turn on and turn off a first one of the switches according to a PWM signal to operate the first switch as an active switch having an off-time as a function of a duty cycle of the PWM signal, while turning on and turning off a second one of the switches as a synchronous switch. The control circuit is also configured to receive signal(s) indicative of currents in each phase of the interleaved circuit arrangement, set an on-time of the second switch equal to the off-time of the first switch when the signal(s) indicate continuous mode operation, and set the on-time of the second switch to a duration less than the off-time of the first switch when the signal(s) indicate discontinuous mode operation.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
59.
Regulated switched mode power supplies having adjustable output voltages
A switched mode power supply includes a power circuit and a control circuit coupled to the power circuit for regulating its output voltage. The control circuit is configured to generate a control signal for at least one power switch of the power circuit using a reference voltage, determine if a duty cycle of the control signal is within a defined range, sense one or more output parameters of the power circuit including the output voltage of the power circuit, and in response to determining the duty cycle of the control signal is outside the defined range, adjust the reference voltage to adjust the duty cycle of the control signal. The reference voltage is adjustable over time to thereby linearly adjust the output voltage of the power circuit. Other example switched mode power supplies, control circuits, and methods for regulating output voltages of switched mode power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
60.
Input overvoltage protection circuits for power supplies
A power supply includes a power converter, a protection circuit, and a control circuit. The protection circuit includes an input for receiving an input voltage, an output for providing an output voltage to the power converter, a first switching device coupled in a current path between the input and the output, and a second switching device coupled across the first switching device. The control circuit is configured to sense the input voltage and the output voltage, in response to the output voltage exceeding a first defined threshold, turn off the first switching device and turn on the second switching device to supply power to the power converter, and in response to the input voltage exceeding a second defined threshold, turn off the second switching device to disconnect the power source from the power converter. Other example power supplies and protection circuits are also disclosed.
H02H 7/125 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from norm for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/36 - Means for starting or stopping converters
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
61.
Switched mode power supplies with configurable communication addresses
A switched mode power supply comprises a communication interface including an address terminal configured to couple to an external resistor for setting a communication address of the switched mode power supply. A control circuit is configured to determine the value of the external resistor a first time with a first technique and set the communication address of the switched mode power supply based on the value of the external resistor determined using the first technique if the value of the external resistor is greater than the threshold value. The control circuit is also configured to, if the value of the external resistor is less than the threshold value, determine the value of the external resistor a second time with a second technique and set the communication address of the switched mode power supply based on the value of the external resistor determined using the second technique.
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
G06F 13/42 - Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
62.
Switch-mode AC-DC power converter for reducing common mode noise
A switch-mode AC-DC power converter includes a pair of input terminals, a pair of output terminals, and four switches coupled in a bridgeless totem-pole circuit arrangement between the pair of input terminals and the pair of output terminals. A control circuit is coupled to the four switches and configured to, during a cycle of an AC voltage input, turn on the first switch, turn off the second switch, and apply pulse-width modulation (PWM) control signals to the third and fourth switches. The control circuit is also configured to, during a zero crossing of the AC voltage input, supply a PWM control signal to the fourth switch to reduce a rate of voltage change across the second switch at the zero crossing to reduce common mode noise of the power converter.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/12 - Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
63.
Switched mode power supplies with configurable communication addresses
A switched-mode power supply includes an input, an output, and a transformer including primary and secondary windings. The power supply also includes a synchronous rectifier coupled to selectively conduct current through the secondary winding of the transformer. The synchronous rectifier includes a source, a gate and a drain terminal. The power supply further includes a controller having a supply voltage terminal and a gate terminal to supply a control signal to the gate of the synchronous rectifier, and a circuit coupled between the supply voltage terminal of the controller and at least one of the gate terminal of the controller and the drain terminal of the synchronous rectifier to supply power from the gate terminal of the controller or the drain terminal of the synchronous rectifier to the supply voltage terminal of the controller. Methods of supplying power in switched-mode power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
64.
Controlled power transitions between electrical power supplies
A power system includes first and second power supplies, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to control the first power supply to regulate its output voltage at a first value, enable the second power supply, increase the output voltage of the first power supply to a second value in response to the second power supply being enabled, increase an output voltage of the second power supply to a third value, and decrease an output current of the first power supply and increase an output current of the second power supply to transition between electrically powering the load with the first power supply and electrically powering the load with the second power supply. Other example power system and methods for controlling a power transition between power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
G05F 1/575 - Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices characterised by the feedback circuit
A circuit board assembly for electronic devices includes a circuit board having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, and a heat sink carrier disposed on the first surface of the circuit board. The heat sink carrier includes at least one clamp portion. The assembly also includes a heat sink. The heat sink is positioned in the at least one clamp portion of the heat sink carrier to transfer heat from one or more electronic devices to the heat sink via the heat sink carrier.
Example electrical power systems include an output for supplying a DC output voltage to a load, a first power source connected with the output to supply DC power to the load, and a second power source connected with the output to supply DC power to the load. The electrical power system is configured to supply DC power to the load using only the first power source when a demand of the load is less than an output capacity of the first power source, and the second power source is configured to maintain an enabled on-state when only the first power source is supplying DC power to the load. Additional electrical power systems and methods are also disclosed.
A current limiting circuit for controlling current from a power supply to a load having a capacitance includes an inductor, a transistor coupled in a current path with the inductor, and a control circuit. The transistor includes a control terminal. The control circuit is coupled to sense a voltage across the inductor and coupled to the control terminal of the transistor. The control circuit is configured to turn off the transistor when the voltage across the inductor is greater than a threshold to restrict current from a power supply, and turn on the transistor when a defined parameter is met to allow current from the power supply to charge the load capacitance. Other example current limiting circuits are also disclosed.
H02H 9/02 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
68.
Control circuits with peak current limit protection for switched mode power supplies
An electronic circuit comprises a first and second comparators and a first summer. The first comparator is configured to perform a first comparison to compare a first current reference signal with a signal representing an input current and configured to generate a first current error signal based on the first comparison. The second comparator is configured to perform a second comparison to compare a second current reference signal with the signal representing the input current and configured to generate a second current error signal based on the second comparison. The first summer is configured to adjust a first summer input error signal based on a second summer input error signal. The first summer input error signal is based on the first current error signal, and the second summer input error signal is based on the second current error signal.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
69.
Stacked MOSFET circuits and methods of operating stacked MOSFET circuits
Example MOSFET circuits include a first metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) having a gate, a source and a drain, and a second MOSFET coupled in series with the first MOSFET. The second MOSFET has a gate, a source and a drain. The MOSFET circuit also includes a controller configured to supply a same control signal to the gate of the first MOSFET and the gate of the second MOSFET to turn on or turn off the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET when a drain-source voltage of the first MOSFET and a drain-source voltage of the second MOSFET are substantially zero. Other MOSFET circuits and methods of operating MOSFET circuits are also disclosed.
H03K 17/687 - Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and -breaking characterised by the use of specified components by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
H03K 17/693 - Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors
H03K 17/06 - Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
H03K 17/567 - Circuits characterised by the use of more than one type of semiconductor device, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
H03K 17/13 - Modifications for switching at zero crossing
H03K 17/10 - Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched voltage
70.
Redundant DC input power supplies having back-feed protection
An electric power supply comprises first and second input circuits for receiving first and second input DC voltages and a control circuit coupled to the first and second input circuits. The control circuit is configured to sense the first input DC voltage and the second input DC voltage and to enable the first input circuit and disable the second input circuit in response to the first input circuit having the highest input DC voltage to substantially prevent current from back feeding to the first input circuit from the second input circuit. The control circuit is also configured to enable the second input circuit and disable the first input circuit in response to the second input circuit having the highest input DC voltage to substantially prevent current from back feeding to the second input circuit from the first input circuit.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02M 3/145 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
71.
Resonant converters power supplies and control methods for reducing unbalanced currents in resonant converter power supplies
A power supply comprises a transformer having a primary winding and a secondary winding, a bridge circuit coupled to the primary winding of the transformer, a first rail coupled to the secondary winding of the transformer, and a second rail coupled to the secondary winding of the transformer. The bridge circuit comprises a plurality of switches. The power supply also comprises a first sensor assembly coupled to generate a first error signal representing a difference between currents in the first rail and the second rail. A controller is configured to alter a duty cycle of a first switch of the plurality of switches relative to a duty cycle of a second switch of the plurality of switches based on the first error signal.
H02M 1/14 - Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
According to some aspects of the present disclosure, power modules having current sensing circuits, and corresponding sensing methods, are disclosed. Example power modules include a printed circuit board (PCB) having a PCB trace, a first sense terminal coupled to the PCB trace at a first location, and a second sense terminal coupled to the PCB trace at a second location such that a resistance between the first and second sense terminals is defined by a resistance of the PCB trace between the first location and the second location. The power module further comprises a control coupled to the first sense terminal and the second sense terminal, the control adapted to measure a voltage between the first sense terminal and the second sense terminal and determine a current through the PCB trace based on the measured voltage and the resistance between the first sense terminal and the second sense terminal.
H02J 1/00 - Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
G01R 31/28 - Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
G01R 19/165 - Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
H01C 7/00 - Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
H05K 1/11 - Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
H05K 1/18 - Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
73.
Multiphase interleaved forward power converters including clamping circuits
A multiphase interleaved forward power converter includes an inductor and first and second subconverter comprising respective transformers. The converter also includes first and second drives configured to respectively operate the first and second subconverters with cycling periods comprising a conduction period, a reset period, and an idle period. The first and second drives are also configured to phase shift the cycling periods in each subconverter such that the conduction period of the subconverter is at least partially complementary to the idle period of the other subconverter. The second drive also clamps a voltage across a winding of the transformer of the first subconverter to substantially prevent a first resonance voltage from propagating in the first subconverter during the idle period of the first subconverter.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
74.
Power supplies including shielded multilayer power transmission boards
A power supply comprises a main circuit board and a multilayer power transmission board electrically coupled to the main circuit board. The multilayer board includes a conductive neutral layer having an inner side, a conductive line layer having an inner side facing the inner side of the conductive neutral layer, and a dielectric medium positioned between the conductive neutral layer and the conductive line layer. The power supply also comprises a first conductive outer layer positioned adjacently to an outer side of the conductive neutral layer, a second conductive outer layer positioned adjacently to an outer side of the conductive line layer, and a conductive plating material positioned within a slot formed in the multilayer power transmission board and covering an interior portion of the multilayer power transmission board facing the slot. The conductive plating material electrically couples the first and second conductive outer layers.
A back-feed protection circuit includes input circuits and a control circuit. Each input circuit includes an input for receiving an input DC voltage. The control circuit is configured to enable one of the first input circuit and the second input circuit having the highest input DC voltage, and disable the other input circuit to substantially prevent current from back feeding to the first input circuit and/or the second input circuit. Each input circuit additionally and/or alternatively includes a positive rail, a reference rail and a plurality of switching devices. A set of the switching devices are coupled in series in the positive rail of each input circuit, and another set of the switching devices are coupled in series in the reference rail of each input circuit. Other example back-feed protection circuits, and electric power supplies including back-feed protection circuits are also disclosed.
H02J 9/06 - Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over
H02M 3/145 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
76.
Switching power converters with adaptively triggered analog-to-digital converters
A switching power converter includes a power circuit and a control circuit for receiving an analog signal representing a parameter of the power circuit. The control circuit includes an ADC for converting the analog signal into a digital signal, and a switch driver for generating a control signal for controlling a switch in the power circuit over multiple switching cycles. The control circuit is configured to adaptively determine a trigger point for activating the ADC within a switching cycle to sample the analog signal, and activate the ADC at the determined trigger point so a control parameter generated based on the digital signal is provided to the switch driver a minimal period of time before the next switching cycle begins. The adaptively determined trigger point optimizes phrase margin loss and bandwidth in the control circuit. Other example switching power converters and control circuits are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
77.
Transformers having integrated magnetic structures for power converters
A transformer includes a magnetic structure and a set of coils. The magnetic structure includes a top member, a bottom member, and a plurality of legs extending between the top member and the bottom member. The plurality of legs include two outer legs. The set of coils is wound about the two outer legs of the magnetic structure and electrically coupled in series. In other examples, the magnetic structure includes a middle member positioned between the top member and the bottom and extending between the two outer legs. In such examples, a second set of coils is wound about the two outer legs of the magnetic structure and electrically coupled in series. Other example transformers and power converters such as multiphase interleaved power converters having transformers are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 3/00 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
78.
Low common mode noise transformers and switch-mode DC-DC power converters
A switch-mode DC-DC power converter includes one or more input terminals and output terminals, and a transformer coupled between the input and output terminals. The transformer includes a plurality of winding sets. Each winding set includes a primary winding and a secondary winding magnetically coupled with one another. The primary winding and the secondary winding include the same number of turns. The primary windings of the plurality of winding sets are connected in series and the secondary windings of the plurality of winding sets are connected in parallel. The power converter also includes at least one spacer positioned to separate an adjacent pair of the plurality of winding sets. A magnetic coupling between the adjacent pair of the plurality of winding sets is less than the magnetic coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding within each winding set.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H01F 27/32 - Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
79.
Low common mode noise transformers and switch-mode DC-DC power converters
A switch-mode DC-DC power converter includes one or more input terminals and output terminals, and a transformer coupled between the input and output terminals. The transformer includes a plurality of winding sets. Each winding set includes a primary winding and a secondary winding magnetically coupled with one another. The primary winding and the secondary winding include the same number of turns. The primary windings of the plurality of winding sets are connected in series and the secondary windings of the plurality of winding sets are connected in parallel. The power converter also includes at least one spacer positioned to separate an adjacent pair of the plurality of winding sets. A magnetic coupling between the adjacent pair of the plurality of winding sets is less than the magnetic coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding within each winding set.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
A switched mode power supply includes a communication interface and an address terminal for setting a communication address for the power supply using the resistance of an external resistor when the external resistor is coupled to the address terminal. The power supply is configured to determine a first resistance value for the external resistor using a first technique, determine a second resistance value for the external resistor using a second technique, set the communication address of the power supply using the first resistance value if the first resistance value is greater than a threshold value, and set the communication address of the power supply using the second resistance value if the first resistance value is less than the threshold value. Other example switched mode power supplies, power systems including one or more power supplies, and methods for setting a communication address of a power supply are also disclosed.
H02J 13/00 - Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
G06F 13/42 - Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
81.
Voltage supply for synchronous rectifier controller during low voltage output conditions
A switched-mode power supply includes an input, an output, and a transformer including primary and secondary windings. The power supply also includes a synchronous rectifier coupled to selectively conduct current through the secondary winding of the transformer. The synchronous rectifier includes a source, a gate and a drain terminal. The power supply further includes a controller having a supply voltage terminal and a gate terminal to supply a control signal to the gate of the synchronous rectifier, and a circuit coupled between the supply voltage terminal of the controller and at least one of the gate terminal of the controller and the drain terminal of the synchronous rectifier to supply power from the gate terminal of the controller or the drain terminal of the synchronous rectifier to the supply voltage terminal of the controller. Methods of supplying power in switched-mode power supplies are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
82.
Resonant converters power supplies and control methods for reducing unbalanced currents in resonant converter power supplies
According to some aspects of the present disclosure, resonant converter power supplies and control methods for reducing unbalanced currents in resonant power supplies are disclosed. Example resonant converter power supplies include an input, an output, a transformer, and a bridge circuit coupled between the input and a primary winding of the transformer. The power supply also includes first and second rectifier rails each coupled between a secondary winding of the transformer and the output, and at least one sensor coupled to generate an error signal representing unbalanced currents in the first and second rectifier ails. The power supply further includes a controller configured to receive the error signal, and adjust a duty cycle of at least one of a first switch and a second switch of the bridge circuit based on the error signal to reduce the unbalanced currents in the first and second rectifier rails.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
An electric power supply includes a totem pole bridgeless PFC power converter. The PFC power converter includes an input for coupling to an AC power source, an output, four switching devices coupled between the input and the output, two diodes coupled between the four switching devices and the input, a first inductor coupled between the four switching devices and the two diodes, and a second inductor coupled between the two diodes and the input. Other example electric power supplies and totem pole bridgeless PFC power converters are also disclosed.
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 7/23 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
A rectifier circuit for a power supply includes a diode bridge, a first metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) and a second MOSFET each coupled in parallel with corresponding diodes of the diode bridge to reduce losses associated with bridge diode voltage drops and increase conversion efficiency. A self-driven driver circuit is coupled for controlling switching operation of the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET to operate the first MOSFET and the second MOSFET as high-side floating synchronous rectifiers. Methods of supplying power via a rectifier circuit of a power supply are also described.
H02M 7/219 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
H02M 7/217 - Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
85.
Horticulture facilities with centralized power supplies for powering LED luminaires via power transfer switches
A horticulture facility includes a first set of LED luminaires disposed in a grow room of the horticulture facility, a second set of LED luminaires disposed in another grow room of the horticulture facility, a centralized power supply and power transfer switches. The power supply includes DC/DC power converters each having an output. The power transfer switches include a first power transfer switch coupled to the output of one respective DC/DC power converter of the DC/DC power converters. The first power transfer switch is configured to switch between a first position for coupling the output of the respective DC/DC power converter to the first set of LED luminaires, and a second position for coupling the output of the respective DC/DC power converter to the second set of LED luminaires. Other example horticulture facilities and electric power systems are also disclosed.
A control circuit for a switching power converter includes a current compensator. The current compensator is configured to receive a first current reference signal, a second current reference signal and a signal representing an input current of the switching power converter, generate a first current error signal based on the signal representing the input current and the first current reference signal for controlling at least one power switch of the power converter, generate a second current error signal based on the signal representing the input current and the second current reference signal, and adjust the first current error signal based on the second current error signal to limit the amount of current flowing through the switching power converter. Other example control circuits, switching power converters including control circuits and methods for limiting current in switching power converters are also disclosed.
H02M 1/32 - Means for protecting converters other than by automatic disconnection
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
A current limiting circuit for controlling current from a power supply to a load having a capacitance includes an inductor, a transistor coupled in a current path with the inductor, and a control circuit. The transistor includes a control terminal. The control circuit is coupled to sense a voltage across the inductor and coupled to the control terminal of the transistor. The control circuit is configured to turn off the transistor when the voltage across the inductor is greater than a threshold to restrict current from a power supply, and turn on the transistor when a defined parameter is met to allow current from the power supply to charge the load capacitance. Other example current limiting circuits are also disclosed.
H02H 9/02 - Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
88.
Systems and methods for automated testing of power supply units
An automated testing system for power supply units includes a frame, automated test equipment supported by the frame, a test jig supported by the frame and coupled with the automated test equipment, and a robotic arm coupled to the frame. The robotic arm is configured to move a power supply unit onto the test jig to interface with the automated test equipment. The automated test equipment is configured to perform one or more tests on the power supply unit when the power supply unit is interfaced with the automated test equipment, and the robotic arm is configured to move the power supply unit off of the test jig after the one or more tests are completed. Methods of performing automated testing for power supply units are also disclosed.
A switch-mode DC-DC power converter includes one or more input terminals for receiving an input voltage from a voltage source, one or more output terminals for supplying an output voltage to a load, and a transformer coupled between the input and output terminals. The transformer includes at least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding. The converter also includes a primary switch coupled to control current through the at least one primary winding, a synchronous rectifier coupled to control current through the at least one secondary winding, and means for controlling switching operation of the synchronous rectifier by disabling switching of the synchronous rectifier for a defined time delay in response to receiving an input signal indicative of a startup of the DC-DC power converter, and enabling switching of the synchronous rectifier after the defined time delay has elapsed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
90.
Electric power systems including centralized switched mode power supplies
An electric power system includes a centralized switched mode power supply (SMPS) and a network bridge. The centralized SMPS includes AC/DC PFC power converters, DC/DC power converters and a control circuit having a communication interface. The control circuit is configured to control power switch(es) of the AC/DC PFC power converters and power switch(es) of the DC/DC power converters. The network bridge is in communication with the communication interface for receiving remote access control commands between a device remote from the centralized SMPS and the control circuit for controlling the power switch(es) of the AC/DC PFC power converters and the power switch(es) of the DC/DC power converters. Other example electric power systems and methods of detecting when at least one of a plurality of LED strings malfunctions in an electric power system are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
91.
Priority load sharing for electrical power systems having multiple power sources
Example electrical power systems include an output for supplying a DC output voltage to a load, a first power source connected with the output to supply DC power to the load, and a second power source connected with the output to supply DC power to the load. The electrical power system is configured to supply DC power to the load using only the first power source when a demand of the load is less than an output capacity of the first power source, and the second power source is configured to maintain an enabled on-state when only the first power source is supplying DC power to the load. Additional electrical power systems and methods are also disclosed.
A transformer includes a transformer core, and a primary winding and a secondary winding each wound about the transformer core. The primary winding includes a wire wound in multiple primary winding layers, and each primary winding layer includes multiple primary turns arranged in a spiral. The secondary winding includes one or more substantially flat conductors defining multiple secondary winding layers. Each secondary winding layer includes one secondary turn, every two adjacent secondary turns have a single different one of the primary winding layers positioned between the two adjacent secondary turns to interleave the secondary winding and the primary winding, and each secondary turn has a different diameter than an adjacent one of the secondary turns.
A continuous coil for an inductive component includes a plurality of turns formed by at least one conductor. The continuous coil is substantially egg-shaped. Other example coils, transformers, etc. are also disclosed.
H01F 27/30 - Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
According to some aspects of the present disclosure, circuit board assemblies are disclosed. Example circuit board assemblies include a printed circuit board having a first surface and a second surface, and defining an opening having at least one side extending from the first surface to the second surface. The assembly also includes a bus bar having a first surface, a second surface, and at least one side. The bus bar is secured in the opening of the printed circuit board via a press-fit, such that a slot is defined between the at least one side of the bus bar and the at least one side of the opening defined by the printed circuit board. The assembly further includes an electrical lead positioned in the slot, and solder disposed between the electrical lead and the bus bar to electrically couple the electrical lead and the bus bar.
H05K 3/30 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
H05K 3/34 - Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
95.
Methods for extending holdup times and/or reducing bulk capacitors in multi-stage switching power supplies
A multi-stage switching power supply includes a first DC-DC power converter, a second DC-DC power converter and a control circuit. The control circuit is coupled to the DC-DC power converters for providing a first control signal to the first DC-DC power converter and a second control signal to the second DC-DC power converter. The control circuit is configured to vary a duty cycle of the first control signal to regulate an output voltage of the power supply, maintain a frequency of the second control signal at a fixed frequency, and in response to the duty cycle of the first control signal reaching a duty cycle threshold or an input voltage of the first DC-DC power converter reaching a voltage threshold, vary a frequency of the second control signal to regulate the output voltage of the power supply. Other example power supplies, control circuits, etc. are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
H02M 3/155 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
H02M 1/42 - Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
96.
DC-DC power converters and methods of operating DC-DC power converters
A DC-DC power converter includes an input, an output, a transformer, a primary field-effect transistor (FET), and a synchronous rectifier. The synchronous rectifier includes a drain that experiences multiple resonant voltage valleys during each dead-time period of the converter. The converter further includes a synchronous rectifier drive circuit configured to turn on and turn off the synchronous rectifier, and a primary control circuit. The primary control circuit is configured to operate the primary FET in a valley skipping mode, and to transmit a drive signal to the synchronous rectifier drive circuit to turn on the synchronous rectifier during a specified one of the multiple resonant voltage valleys to generate a negative current through the synchronous rectifier. Methods of operating a DC-DC power converter are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
97.
DC-DC power converters including a valley skipping mode and methods of operating DC-DC power converters
A DC-DC power converter includes an input, an output, a transformer, and a primary FET coupled to selectively conduct current though a primary winding of the transformer. The primary FET includes a drain that experiences multiple resonant voltage valleys during each dead-time period of the converter. The converter further includes a synchronous rectifier coupled to selectively conduct current through a secondary winding of the transformer, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to operate the primary FET in a valley skipping mode by turning on the primary FET during a second or subsequent one of the multiple resonant voltage valleys, and to allow a negative current in the secondary winding of the transformer before turning off the synchronous rectifier during one or more of the multiple resonant voltage valleys. Methods of operating DC-DC power converters are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/00 - APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF - Details of apparatus for conversion
98.
FLYBACK POWER CONVERTERS INCLUDING ADAPTIVE CLAMP CIRCUITS FOR ADJUSTING RESONANT FREQUENCIES
A switch mode power supply includes a flyback power converter and a control circuit. The flyback power converter includes an input, an output, a transformer coupled between the input and the output, a power switch coupled between the input and the transformer, and a clamp circuit coupled between the input and the transformer. The clamp circuit includes a capacitor and a clamp switch coupled in series with the capacitor. The control circuit is configured to control the power switch and the clamp switch. The switch mode power supply further includes at least one additional capacitor coupled in parallel with the capacitor of the clamp circuit to facilitate selection of a combination of capacitors to adjust a resonant frequency of the clamp switch for optimizing efficiency of the power supply. Other examples switch mode power supplies and/or methods for adjusting a resonant frequency of flyback power converters are also disclosed.
H02M 3/335 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
H02M 1/08 - Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
99.
Power transformers and methods of manufacturing transformers and windings
A power transformer includes at least two first windings, at least two second windings interleaved with the at least two first windings, and a magnetic core. The at least two first windings and the at least two second windings are positioned adjacent the magnetic core. Each first winding includes a wire and a plurality of turns. One or more windings of the at least two first windings include a bonding material and at least two adjacent turns of said plurality of turns adhered to each other via the bonding material. Other example power transformers, methods of manufacturing power transformers, and methods of manufacturing windings are also disclosed.
A power converter for converting an input power at an input of the converter to an output power at an output of the converter includes a power conversion circuit and a snubber circuit coupled to the power conversion circuit. The power conversion circuit includes a switching device coupled to a reference potential, and an inductance coupled to the switching device. The snubber circuit includes a snubber switching device, a capacitance coupled to the snubber switching device, and an auxiliary inductance coupled to the inductance of the power conversion circuit and the snubber switching device. The snubber switching device and the capacitance are coupled across the switching device of the power conversion circuit. The capacitance is adapted to store leakage energy output from the power conversion circuit and discharge at least a portion of the stored leakage energy via the snubber switching device. Other example power converters are also disclosed.
H02M 3/158 - Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
H03K 17/082 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
H03K 17/0814 - Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the output circuit
patents
