IPC Classification

Class code (prefix) Descriptions Number of results
  • All sections
  • C - Chemistry; metallurgy
  • C12N - Microorganisms or enzymes; compositions thereof; propagating, preserving, or maintaining microorganisms; mutation or genetic engineering; culture media
C12N 1/00 Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
C12N 1/02 Separating microorganisms from their culture media
C12N 1/04 Preserving or maintaining viable microorganisms
C12N 1/06 Lysis of microorganisms
C12N 1/08 Reducing the nucleic acid content
C12N 1/10 Protozoa; Culture media therefor
C12N 1/11 Protozoa; Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/12 Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
C12N 1/13 Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/14 Fungi ; Culture media therefor
C12N 1/15 Fungi ; Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/16 Yeasts; Culture media therefor
C12N 1/18 Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast
C12N 1/19 Yeasts; Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/20 Bacteria; Culture media therefor
C12N 1/21 Bacteria; Culture media therefor modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 1/22 Processes using, or culture media containing, cellulose or hydrolysates thereof
C12N 1/24 Processes using, or culture media containing, waste sulfite liquor
C12N 1/26 Processes using, or culture media containing, hydrocarbons
C12N 1/28 Processes using, or culture media containing, hydrocarbons aliphatic
C12N 1/30 Processes using, or culture media containing, hydrocarbons aliphatic having five or less carbon atoms
C12N 1/32 Processes using, or culture media containing, lower alkanols, i.e. C1 to C6
C12N 1/34 Processes using foam culture
C12N 1/36 Adaptation or attenuation of cells
C12N 1/38 Chemical stimulation of growth or activity by addition of chemical compounds which are not essential growth factors; Stimulation of growth by removal of a chemical compound
C12N 3/00 Spore-forming or isolating processes
C12N 5/00 Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
C12N 5/02 Propagation of single cells or cells in suspension; Maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
C12N 5/04 Plant cells or tissues
C12N 5/07 Animal cells or tissues
C12N 5/09 Tumour cells
C12N 5/10 Cells modified by introduction of foreign genetic material, e.g. virus-transformed cells
C12N 5/12 Fused cells, e.g. hybridomas
C12N 5/14 Plant cells
C12N 5/16 Animal cells
C12N 5/18 Murine cells, e.g. mouse cells
C12N 5/20 Murine cells, e.g. mouse cells one of the fusion partners being a B lymphocyte
C12N 5/22 Human cells
C12N 5/24 Human cells one of the fusion partners being a B lymphocyte
C12N 5/26 Cells resulting from interspecies fusion
C12N 5/28 Cells resulting from interspecies fusion one of the fusion partners being a human cell
C12N 5/071 Vertebrate cells or tissues, e.g. human cells or tissues
C12N 5/073 Embryonic cells or tissues; Foetal cells or tissues
C12N 5/074 Adult stem cells
C12N 5/075 Oocytes; Oogonia
C12N 5/076 Sperm cells; Spermatogonia
C12N 5/077 Mesenchymal cells, e.g. bone cells, cartilage cells, marrow stromal cells, fat cells or muscle cells
C12N 5/078 Cells from blood or from the immune system
C12N 5/079 Neural cells
C12N 5/095 Stem cells; Progenitor cells
C12N 5/0735 Embryonic stem cells; Embryonic germ cells
C12N 5/0775 Mesenchymal stem cells; Adipose-tissue derived stem cells
C12N 5/0781 B cells; Progenitors thereof
C12N 5/0783 T cells; NK cells; Progenitors of T or NK cells
C12N 5/0784 Dendritic cells; Progenitors thereof
C12N 5/0786 Monocytes; Macrophages
C12N 5/0787 Granulocytes, e.g. basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils or mast cells
C12N 5/0789 Stem cells; Multipotent progenitor cells
C12N 5/0793 Neurons
C12N 5/0797 Stem cells; Progenitor cells
C12N 7/00 Viruses, e.g. bacteriophages; Compositions thereof; Preparation or purification thereof
C12N 7/01 Viruses, e.g. bacteriophages, modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
C12N 7/02 Recovery or purification
C12N 7/04 Inactivation or attenuation; Producing viral sub-units
C12N 7/06 Inactivation or attenuation; Producing viral sub-units by chemical treatment
C12N 7/08 Inactivation or attenuation; Producing viral sub-units by serial passage of virus
C12N 9/00 Enzymes, e.g. ligases (6.); Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating, or purifying enzymes
C12N 9/02 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase
C12N 9/04 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on CHOH groups as donors, e.g. glucose oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase (1.1)
C12N 9/06 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.7)
C12N 9/08 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase acting on hydrogen peroxide as acceptor (1.11)
C12N 9/10 Transferases (2.)
C12N 9/12 Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
C12N 9/14 Hydrolases (3.)
C12N 9/16 Hydrolases (3.) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
C12N 9/18 Carboxylic ester hydrolases
C12N 9/20 Triglyceride splitting, e.g. by means of lipase
C12N 9/22 Ribonucleases
C12N 9/24 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
C12N 9/26 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on alpha-1, 4-glucosidic bonds, e.g. hyaluronidase, invertase, amylase
C12N 9/28 Alpha-amylase from microbial source, e.g. bacterial amylase
C12N 9/30 Fungal source
C12N 9/32 Alpha-amylase from plant source
C12N 9/34 Glucoamylase
C12N 9/36 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on beta-1, 4 bonds between N-acetylmuramic acid and 2-acetylamino 2-deoxy-D-glucose, e.g. lysozyme
C12N 9/38 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on beta-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. beta-galactosidase
C12N 9/40 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on alpha-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. alpha-galactosidase
C12N 9/42 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on beta-1, 4-glucosidic bonds, e.g. cellulase
C12N 9/44 Hydrolases (3.) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on alpha-1, 6-glucosidic bonds, e.g. isoamylase, pullulanase
C12N 9/46 Dextranase
C12N 9/48 Hydrolases (3.) acting on peptide bonds, e.g. thromboplastin, leucine aminopeptidase (3.4)
C12N 9/50 Proteinases
C12N 9/52 Proteinases derived from bacteria
C12N 9/54 Proteinases derived from bacteria bacteria being Bacillus
C12N 9/56 Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus licheniformis
C12N 9/58 Proteinases derived from fungi
C12N 9/60 Proteinases derived from fungi from yeast
C12N 9/62 Proteinases derived from fungi from Aspergillus
C12N 9/64 Proteinases derived from animal tissue, e.g. rennin
C12N 9/66 Elastase
C12N 9/68 Plasmin, i.e. fibrinolysin
C12N 9/70 Streptokinase
C12N 9/72 Urokinase
C12N 9/74 Thrombin
C12N 9/76 Trypsin; Chymotrypsin
C12N 9/78 Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5)
C12N 9/80 Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in linear amides
C12N 9/82 Asparaginase
C12N 9/84 Penicillin amidase
C12N 9/86 Hydrolases (3.) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in cyclic amides, e.g. penicillinase
C12N 9/88 Lyases (4.)
C12N 9/90 Isomerases (5.)
C12N 9/92 Glucose isomerase
C12N 9/94 Pancreatin
C12N 9/96 Stabilising an enzyme by forming an adduct or a composition; Forming enzyme conjugates
C12N 9/98 Preparation of granular or free-flowing enzyme compositions
C12N 9/99 Enzyme inactivation by chemical treatment
C12N 11/00 Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
C12N 11/02 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
C12N 11/04 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel or hollow fibres
C12N 11/06 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier attached to the carrier via a bridging agent
C12N 11/08 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer
C12N 11/10 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a carbohydrate
C12N 11/12 Cellulose or derivatives thereof
C12N 11/14 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier
C12N 11/16 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in a biological cell
C12N 11/18 Multi-enzyme systems
C12N 11/082 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C12N 11/084 Polymers containing vinyl alcohol units
C12N 11/087 Acrylic polymers
C12N 11/089 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
C12N 11/091 Phenol resins; Amino resins
C12N 11/093 Polyurethanes
C12N 11/096 Polyesters; Polyamides
C12N 11/098 Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer formed in the presence of the enzymes or microbial cells
C12N 13/00 Treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves
C12N 15/00 Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
C12N 15/01 Preparation of mutants without inserting foreign genetic material therein; Screening processes therefor
C12N 15/02 Preparation of hybrid cells by fusion of two or more cells, e.g. protoplast fusion
C12N 15/03 Bacteria
C12N 15/04 Fungi
C12N 15/05 Plant cells
C12N 15/06 Animal cells
C12N 15/07 Human cells
C12N 15/08 Cells resulting from interspecies fusion
C12N 15/09 Recombinant DNA-technology
C12N 15/10 Processes for the isolation, preparation or purification of DNA or RNA
C12N 15/11 DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof
C12N 15/12 Genes encoding animal proteins
C12N 15/13 Immunoglobulins
C12N 15/14 Human serum albumins
C12N 15/15 Protease inhibitors, e.g. antithrombin, antitrypsin, hirudin
C12N 15/16 Hormones
C12N 15/17 Insulins
C12N 15/18 Growth hormones
C12N 15/19 Interferons; Lymphokines; Cytokines
C12N 15/20 Interferons
C12N 15/21 Alpha-interferons
C12N 15/22 Beta-interferons
C12N 15/23 Gamma-interferons
C12N 15/24 Interleukins
C12N 15/25 Interleukin-1
C12N 15/26 Interleukin-2
C12N 15/27 Colony stimulating factors
C12N 15/28 Tumor necrosis factors
C12N 15/29 Genes encoding plant proteins, e.g. thaumatin
C12N 15/30 Genes encoding protozoal proteins, e.g. from Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Eimeria
C12N 15/31 Genes encoding microbial proteins, e.g. enterotoxins
C12N 15/32 Bacillus crystal proteins
C12N 15/33 Genes encoding viral proteins
C12N 15/34 Proteins from DNA viruses
C12N 15/35 Parvoviridae, e.g. feline panleukopenia virus, human parvovirus
C12N 15/36 Hepadnaviridae
C12N 15/37 Papovaviridae, e.g. papillomaviruses, polyomavirus, SV40
C12N 15/38 Herpetoviridae, e.g. herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, pseudorabies virus
C12N 15/39 Poxviridae, e.g. vaccinia virus, variola virus
C12N 15/40 Proteins from RNA viruses, e.g. flaviviruses
C12N 15/41 Picornaviridae, e.g. rhinovirus, coxsackie viruses, echoviruses, enteroviruses
C12N 15/42 Foot-and-mouth disease virus
C12N 15/43 Poliovirus
C12N 15/44 Orthomyxoviridae, e.g. influenza virus
C12N 15/45 Paramyxoviridae, e.g. measles virus, mumps virus, Newcastle disease virus, canine distemper virus, rinderpest virus, respiratory syncytial viruses
C12N 15/46 Reoviridae, e.g. rotavirus, bluetongue virus, Colorado tick fever virus
C12N 15/47 Rhabdoviridae, e.g. rabies viruses, vesicular stomatitis virus
C12N 15/48 Retroviridae, e.g. bovine leukaemia virus, feline leukaemia virus
C12N 15/49 Lentiviridae, e.g. immunodeficiency viruses such as HIV, visna-maedi virus, equine infectious anaemia virus
C12N 15/50 Coronaviridae, e.g. infectious bronchitis virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus
C12N 15/51 Hepatitis viruses
C12N 15/52 Genes encoding for enzymes or proenzymes
C12N 15/53 Oxidoreductases (1)
C12N 15/54 Transferases (2)
C12N 15/55 Hydrolases (3)
C12N 15/56 Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2), e.g. amylase, galactosidase, lysozyme
C12N 15/57 Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
C12N 15/58 Plasminogen activators, e.g. urokinase, TPA
C12N 15/59 Chymosin
C12N 15/60 Lyases (4)
C12N 15/61 Isomerases (5)
C12N 15/62 DNA sequences coding for fusion proteins
C12N 15/63 Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
C12N 15/64 General methods for preparing the vector, for introducing it into the cell or for selecting the vector-containing host
C12N 15/65 Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression using markers
C12N 15/66 General methods for inserting a gene into a vector to form a recombinant vector using cleavage and ligation; Use of non-functional linkers or adaptors, e.g. linkers containing the sequence for a restriction endonuclease
C12N 15/67 General methods for enhancing the expression
C12N 15/68 Stabilisation of the vector
C12N 15/69 Increasing the copy number of the vector
C12N 15/70 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for E. coli
C12N 15/71 Expression systems using regulatory sequences derived from the trp-operon
C12N 15/72 Expression systems using regulatory sequences derived from the lac-operon
C12N 15/73 Expression systems using phage lambda regulatory sequences
C12N 15/74 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora
C12N 15/75 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Bacillus
C12N 15/76 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Streptomyces
C12N 15/77 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Brevibacterium
C12N 15/78 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for prokaryotic hosts other than E. coli, e.g. Lactobacillus, Micromonospora for Pseudomonas
C12N 15/79 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
C12N 15/80 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi
C12N 15/81 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for fungi for yeasts
C12N 15/82 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells
C12N 15/83 Viral vectors, e.g. cauliflower mosaic virus
C12N 15/84 Ti-plasmids
C12N 15/85 Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for animal cells
C12N 15/86 Viral vectors
C12N 15/87 Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
C12N 15/88 Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation using microencapsulation, e.g. using liposome vesicle
C12N 15/89 Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation using microinjection
C12N 15/90 Stable introduction of foreign DNA into chromosome
C12N 15/113 Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides
C12N 15/115 Aptamers, i.e. nucleic acids binding a target molecule specifically and with high affinity without hybridising therewith
C12N 15/117 Nucleic acids having immunomodulatory properties, e.g. containing CpG-motifs
C12N 15/861 Adenoviral vectors
C12N 15/863 Poxviral vectors, e.g. vaccinia virus
C12N 15/864 Parvoviral vectors
C12N 15/866 Baculoviral vectors
C12N 15/867 Retroviral vectors
C12N 15/869 Herpesviral vectors
C12N 15/873 Techniques for producing new embryos, e.g. nuclear transfer, manipulation of totipotent cells or production of chimeric embryos
C12N 15/877 Techniques for producing new mammalian cloned embryos