IPC Classification

Class code (prefix) Descriptions Number of results
  • All sections
  • B - Performing operations; transporting
  • B60L - Propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles; supplying electric power for auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles; electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general; magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles; monitoring operating variables of electrically-propelled vehicles; electric safety devices for electrically-propelled vehicles
B60L 1/00 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles
B60L 1/02 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles to electric heating circuits
B60L 1/04 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles to electric heating circuits fed by the power supply line
B60L 1/06 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles to electric heating circuits fed by the power supply line using only one supply
B60L 1/08 Methods or devices for control or regulation
B60L 1/10 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles to electric heating circuits fed by the power supply line with provision for using different supplies
B60L 1/12 Methods or devices for control or regulation
B60L 1/14 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles to electric lighting circuits
B60L 1/16 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of electrically-propelled vehicles to electric lighting circuits fed by the power supply line
B60L 3/00 Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
B60L 3/02 Dead-man's devices
B60L 3/04 Cutting-off the power supply under fault conditions
B60L 3/06 Limiting the traction current under mechanical- overload conditions
B60L 3/08 Means for preventing excessive speed of the vehicle
B60L 3/10 Indicating wheel slip
B60L 3/12 Recording operating variables
B60L 5/00 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles
B60L 5/02 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles with ice-removing device
B60L 5/04 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using rollers or sliding shoes in contact with trolley wire
B60L 5/06 Structure of the rollers or their carrying means
B60L 5/08 Structure of the sliding shoes or their carrying means
B60L 5/10 Devices preventing the collector from jumping off
B60L 5/12 Structural features of poles or their bases
B60L 5/14 Devices for automatic lowering of a jumped-off collector
B60L 5/16 Devices for lifting and resetting the collector
B60L 5/18 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire
B60L 5/19 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire using arrangements for effecting collector movement transverse to the direction of vehicle motion
B60L 5/20 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire - Details of contact bow
B60L 5/22 Supporting means for the contact bow
B60L 5/24 Pantographs
B60L 5/26 Half-pantographs, e.g. using counter-rocking beams
B60L 5/28 Devices for lifting and resetting the collector
B60L 5/30 Devices for lifting and resetting the collector using springs
B60L 5/32 Devices for lifting and resetting the collector using fluid pressure
B60L 5/34 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles with devices to enable one vehicle to pass another one using the same power supply line
B60L 5/36 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles with means for collecting current simultaneously from more than one conductor, e.g. from more than one phase
B60L 5/38 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles for collecting current from conductor rails
B60L 5/39 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles for collecting current from conductor rails from third rail
B60L 5/40 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles for collecting current from lines in slotted conduits
B60L 5/42 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles for collecting current from individual contact pieces connected to the power supply line
B60L 7/00 Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
B60L 7/02 Dynamic electric resistor braking
B60L 7/04 Dynamic electric resistor braking for vehicles propelled by dc motors
B60L 7/06 Dynamic electric resistor braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
B60L 7/08 Controlling the braking effect
B60L 7/10 Dynamic electric regenerative braking
B60L 7/12 Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by dc motors
B60L 7/14 Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
B60L 7/16 Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles comprising converters between the power source and the motor
B60L 7/18 Controlling the braking effect
B60L 7/20 Braking by supplying regenerated power to the prime mover of vehicles comprising engine-driven generators
B60L 7/22 Dynamic electric resistor braking, combined with dynamic electric regenerative braking
B60L 7/24 Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking
B60L 7/26 Controlling the braking effect
B60L 7/28 Eddy-current braking
B60L 8/00 Electric propulsion with power supply from forces of nature, e.g. sun or wind
B60L 9/00 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle
B60L 9/02 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using dc motors
B60L 9/04 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using dc motors fed from dc supply lines
B60L 9/06 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using dc motors fed from dc supply lines with conversion by metadyne
B60L 9/08 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using dc motors fed from ac supply lines
B60L 9/10 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using dc motors fed from ac supply lines with rotary converters
B60L 9/12 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using dc motors fed from ac supply lines with static converters
B60L 9/14 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using dc motors fed from different kinds of power supply lines
B60L 9/16 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors
B60L 9/18 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from dc supply lines
B60L 9/20 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from dc supply lines single-phase motors
B60L 9/22 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from dc supply lines polyphase motors
B60L 9/24 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines
B60L 9/26 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines single-phase motors
B60L 9/28 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from ac supply lines polyphase motors
B60L 9/30 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac induction motors fed from different kinds of power supply lines
B60L 9/32 Electric propulsion with power supply external to the vehicle using ac brush-displacement motors
B60L 11/00 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle (B60L 8/00, B60L 13/00 take precedence;arrangements or mounting of prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines for mutual or common propulsion B60K 6/20)
B60L 11/02 using engine-driven generators
B60L 11/04 using dc generators and motors
B60L 11/06 using ac generators and dc motors
B60L 11/08 using ac generators and motors
B60L 11/10 using dc generators and ac motors
B60L 11/12 with additional electric power supply, e.g. accumulator
B60L 11/14 with provision for direct mechanical propulsion
B60L 11/16 using power stored mechanically, e.g. in flywheel
B60L 11/18 using power supplied from primary cells, secondary cells, or fuel cells
B60L 13/00 Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
B60L 13/03 Electric propulsion by linear motors
B60L 13/04 Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
B60L 13/06 Means to sense or control vehicle position or attitude with respect to railway
B60L 13/08 Means to sense or control vehicle position or attitude with respect to railway for the lateral position
B60L 13/10 Combination of electric propulsion and magnetic suspension or levitation
B60L 15/00 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train
B60L 15/02 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
B60L 15/04 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using dc
B60L 15/06 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using substantially-sinusoidal ac
B60L 15/08 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using pulses
B60L 15/10 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for automatic control superimposed on human control to limit the acceleration of the vehicle, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current
B60L 15/12 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for automatic control superimposed on human control to limit the acceleration of the vehicle, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current with circuits controlled by relays or contactors
B60L 15/14 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for automatic control superimposed on human control to limit the acceleration of the vehicle, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current with main controller driven by a servomotor
B60L 15/16 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for automatic control superimposed on human control to limit the acceleration of the vehicle, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current with main controller driven through a ratchet mechanism
B60L 15/18 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for automatic control superimposed on human control to limit the acceleration of the vehicle, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current without contact-making and breaking, e.g. using a transductor
B60L 15/20 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
B60L 15/22 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed with sequential operation of interdependent switches, e.g. relays, contactors, programme drum
B60L 15/24 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed with main controller driven by a servomotor
B60L 15/26 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed with main controller driven through a ratchet mechanism
B60L 15/28 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed without contact-making and breaking, e.g. using a transductor
B60L 15/30 Methods, circuits or devices for controlling the propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles, e.g. their traction-motor speed, to achieve a desired performance; Adaptation of control equipment on electrically-propelled vehicles for remote actuation from a stationary place, from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed with means to change-over to human control
B60L 15/32 Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles
B60L 15/34 Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles with human control of a setting device
B60L 15/36 Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles with human control of a setting device with automatic control superimposed, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current
B60L 15/38 Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles with automatic control
B60L 15/40 Adaptation of control equipment on vehicle for remote actuation from a stationary place
B60L 15/42 Adaptation of control equipment on vehicle for actuation from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train
B60L 50/00 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
B60L 50/10 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
B60L 50/11 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines using DC generators and DC motors
B60L 50/12 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines using AC generators and DC motors
B60L 50/13 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines using AC generators and AC motors
B60L 50/14 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines using DC generators and AC motors
B60L 50/15 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
B60L 50/16 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
B60L 50/20 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power generated by humans or animals
B60L 50/30 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power stored mechanically, e.g. in fly-wheels
B60L 50/40 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
B60L 50/50 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
B60L 50/51 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
B60L 50/52 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
B60L 50/53 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells in combination with an external power supply, e.g. from overhead contact lines
B60L 50/60 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
B60L 50/61 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
B60L 50/62 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
B60L 50/64 Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
B60L 50/70 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
B60L 50/71 Arrangement of fuel cells within vehicles specially adapted for electric vehicles
B60L 50/72 Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
B60L 50/75 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using propulsion power supplied by both fuel cells and batteries
B60L 50/90 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by specific means not covered by groups , e.g. by direct conversion of thermal nuclear energy into electricity
B60L 53/00 Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
B60L 53/10 Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
B60L 53/12 Inductive energy transfer
B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
B60L 53/16 Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
B60L 53/18 Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
B60L 53/20 Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
B60L 53/22 Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
B60L 53/24 Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
B60L 53/30 Constructional details of charging stations
B60L 53/31 Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
B60L 53/34 Plug-like or socket-like devices specially adapted for contactless inductive charging of electric vehicles
B60L 53/35 Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
B60L 53/36 Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
B60L 53/37 Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles using optical position determination, e.g. using cameras
B60L 53/38 Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
B60L 53/39 Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer with position-responsive activation of primary coils
B60L 53/50 Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
B60L 53/51 Photovoltaic means
B60L 53/52 Wind-driven generators
B60L 53/53 Batteries
B60L 53/54 Fuel cells
B60L 53/55 Capacitors
B60L 53/56 Mechanical storage means, e.g. fly wheels
B60L 53/57 Charging stations without connection to power networks
B60L 53/60 Monitoring or controlling charging stations
B60L 53/62 Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
B60L 53/63 Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
B60L 53/65 Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
B60L 53/66 Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
B60L 53/67 Controlling two or more charging stations
B60L 53/68 Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
B60L 53/80 Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
B60L 53/122 Circuits or methods for driving the primary coil, i.e. supplying electric power to the coil
B60L 53/124 Detection or removal of foreign bodies
B60L 53/126 Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
B60L 53/302 Cooling of charging equipment
B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
B60L 58/00 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
B60L 58/10 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
B60L 58/12 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
B60L 58/13 Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
B60L 58/14 Preventing excessive discharging
B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
B60L 58/16 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
B60L 58/18 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
B60L 58/19 Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
B60L 58/20 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
B60L 58/21 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
B60L 58/24 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
B60L 58/25 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
B60L 58/26 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
B60L 58/27 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
B60L 58/30 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
B60L 58/31 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
B60L 58/32 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
B60L 58/33 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
B60L 58/34 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by heating
B60L 58/40 Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells